EP3014635B1 - Electromagnetic actuator - Google Patents

Electromagnetic actuator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3014635B1
EP3014635B1 EP14733993.1A EP14733993A EP3014635B1 EP 3014635 B1 EP3014635 B1 EP 3014635B1 EP 14733993 A EP14733993 A EP 14733993A EP 3014635 B1 EP3014635 B1 EP 3014635B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
pole core
pole
combination according
ferromagnetic
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EP14733993.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3014635A1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Bereschka
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Hydac Electronic GmbH
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Hydac Electronic GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/13—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures characterised by pulling-force characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/085—Yoke or polar piece between coil bobbin and armature having a gap, e.g. filled with nonmagnetic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1661—Electromagnets or actuators with anti-stick disc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuating device, in particular a proportional magnet or switching magnet, with a magnet armature which is guided so that it can move axially in a pole tube which is at least partially surrounded by a coil winding and to which a pole core is connected via a separating region which forms a magnetic decoupling, with the coil winding being energized a magnetic force acts on the armature, which seeks to move it towards the pole core within a cubic capacity.
  • a proportional magnet or switching magnet with a magnet armature which is guided so that it can move axially in a pole tube which is at least partially surrounded by a coil winding and to which a pole core is connected via a separating region which forms a magnetic decoupling, with the coil winding being energized a magnetic force acts on the armature, which seeks to move it towards the pole core within a cubic capacity.
  • Such electromagnetic actuating devices which are also referred to in the technical jargon as proportional magnets or switching magnets, are freely available on the market in a large number of embodiments.
  • a particular intended for valve actuation actuator of this type is for example in DE 10 2008 061 414 A1 described.
  • the magnet armature performs a lifting movement in the pole tube when the associated coil winding is electrically excited. If the coil winding is not energized, the magnet armature is regularly reset to an initial position via a restoring force.
  • the restoring force acts on the magnet armature via an actuating part connected to the armature, which is for example rod-like and extends through the pole core and triggers a relevant actuating process, for example in the case of an externally connected valve for controlling fluid flows.
  • actuating part connected to the armature
  • a relevant actuating process for example in the case of an externally connected valve for controlling fluid flows.
  • a special, specific response is the operating device required.
  • a specific course of the magnetic force-stroke characteristic is required for the switching or control functions in question.
  • this Fs characteristic is in particular determining the geometry of the pole tube in the transition area between the magnetic separation area and the pole core.
  • the EP 1 953 773 A2 describes an electromagnetic actuating device, in particular a proportional magnet or a switching magnet, with a magnet armature which is guided so that it can move axially in a pole tube which is at least partially surrounded by a coil winding and to which a pole core is connected via a separating region which forms a magnetic decoupling, with the coil winding being energized a magnetic force acts on the armature, which seeks to move it within a cubic capacity in the direction of the pole core, with a pole disc being introduced on the armature side between the permanent magnets of the armature and the pole core, with the part of the cubic capacity adjoining the separating area of the pole tube being covered by a recess is formed in the pole core, which continues the guidance of the armature formed by the pole tube and ends at the separating area in a rim forming an edge.
  • the pole disc is fixed in the form of a ring disc on a lifting rod.
  • DE3734037 C1 discloses an electromagnetic actuator.
  • a ferromagnetic washer being interposed between the armature and the pole core, this washer being fixedly attached to a lifting rod.
  • the armature moves on the one hand relative to the lifting rod between the annular disc and a stop, on the other hand with the annular disc and the lifting rod lifting away more or less strongly against a restoring spring from a valve seat.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic actuating device which offers more universal application possibilities and therefore enables rational production.
  • this object is achieved by a combination of an electromagnetic actuating device and ferromagnetic annular disks of different axial thickness, which has the features of patent claim 1 in its entirety.
  • an essential feature of the invention is that the combination is provided with inserts in the form of ring disks of different axial thicknesses and that one of the inserts is applied to the bottom surface of the depression of the pole core.
  • At least one insert made of ferromagnetic material of predetermined axial thickness is introduced between the armature and the pole core for a desired shortening of the axial length of the section of displacement located between the magnetic separation area on the pole tube and the pole core.
  • the liner is secured to the bottom surface of the recess.
  • the arrangement can be such that the armature has a rod-like actuating part and that a ferromagnetic annular disk of selected thickness surrounding the actuating part is provided as an insert.
  • an anti-adhesive disk can be arranged in a manner known per se between the ferromagnetic annular disk and the armature.
  • the ferromagnetic ring disk can be fixed to the pole core by gluing or soldering or by material deformation, for example by caulking at the outer edge, or by caulking in an annular groove formed in the bottom surface of the pole core.
  • the ferromagnetic ring disk can be fixed by means of a sleeve that encloses its peripheral edge and is fixed on the outside on an inner surface of the pole tube or pole core.
  • the ferromagnetic annular disk can be fixed by means of a weld formed between its peripheral edge and the surface of the pole core.
  • the arrangement can be such that the ferromagnetic ring disk has a coaxial, sleeve-like extension on the side facing away from the armature Press fit is secured in a bore of the pole core, which is penetrated by the rod-like operating part of the armature.
  • an associated coil winding is omitted, which is arranged in a manner known per se on the pole tube designated 2 and can be energized for actuation processes.
  • a magnet armature 4 is guided in an axially movable manner in the pole tube 2 and a coaxial, rod-like actuating part 6 is fastened to one end of the magnet armature. This extends through a through-bore 8 in a pole core 10, so that the free end 12 of the actuating part 6 is accessible for an actuating process at an end connection part 14 of the pole core 10.
  • a device to be actuated, connected to the connection part 14, for example in the form of a valve, is in 1 Not shown.
  • This in 1 is designed as a so-called "pushing magnet", with the axial position shown corresponding to the fully energized state of excitation of the coil winding (not shown) and the armature 4 generating a compressive force as an actuating force via the actuating part 6 .
  • an end body 18 fixed.
  • the pole tube 2 is connected to the pole core 10 via a weld 20 which, in a manner known per se, forms a separating region which causes magnetic decoupling.
  • the guide formed on the inside of the pole tube 2 for the armature 4 continues beyond the separating region formed by the weld 20 in a depression 22 which is circular-cylindrical in the pole core 10 and has a bottom surface 24 lying in a radial plane.
  • the depression 22 ends in an edge 26, which forms a tapered edge surrounding the guide surface of the armature 4.
  • a ferromagnetic annular disk 28 made of a ferritic material is inserted on the bottom surface 24 in the recess 22 of the pole core 10, through which the rod-like actuating part 6 passes.
  • An anti-adhesive disk 30 of the usual type is arranged between the annular disk 28 and the end of the armature 4 .
  • the annular disk 28 shown in the inserted state has a relatively small axial thickness.
  • the 1 shows an example of a selection of inserted washers 28 of different axial thickness.
  • the thickness of the annular disk 28 inserted in each case leads to a corresponding shortening of the axial length of the cubic capacity which is available for the armature 4 when moving in the direction of the pole core 10 .
  • the modification of the cubic capacity in the critical lifting path area, which adjoins the magnetic separation area of the weld 20, influences the magnetic force-lifting path characteristic, as in the examples in FIGS 2 and 3 is shown.
  • the stroke length of the return stroke is also determined by the selection of the dimensions of the end body 18 in question.
  • FIGs 4 to 9 show further exemplary embodiments with a selection of possible types of installation of an annular disk 28.
  • the example in FIG 4 the attachment of the annular disc 28 to the bottom surface 24 of the pole core 10 is provided by gluing or brazing.
  • a connection is provided by means of mechanical deformation by an external caulking of the annular disc 28 at 36 against the inner wall of the recess 22.
  • 6 shows the fixing of the annular disk 28 by means of a sleeve 38, which forms the guide surface for the armature 4 on the inside of the pole tube 2 and the recess 22.
  • a welded geometry 40 formed on the ring disk 28 is provided as a connecting means, while in the example of FIG 8 mechanical deformation is again provided in that the annular disk 28 is caulked into an annular groove 42 machined into the bottom surface 24 .
  • a specially shaped washer 28 has a coaxial, sleeve-like extension 44 on the side facing away from the armature 4, which is secured in the bore 8 of the pole core 10 by a press fit.
  • the 10 shows an embodiment in which the invention is implemented in a so-called compact magnet.
  • the pole core 10 is shorter in relation to its diameter and has a flange-like, radial expansion 48 at the end having the connection part 14 .
  • the end body 18 forms the closed bottom of a pot-like housing 50, which extends to the extension 48 of the pole core 10, which closes the open end of the pot.
  • the housing 50 surrounds the coil winding 52, which in turn surrounds a large part of the pole tube 2 and the pole core 10.
  • the course of the Fs characteristic is equally influenced by the choice of introduced ferromagnetic ring disks 28 .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung, insbesondere Proportionalmagnet oder Schaltmagnet, mit einem Magnetanker, der in einem von einer Spulenwicklung zumindest teilweise umgebenen Polrohr axial bewegbar geführt ist, an das sich über einen eine magnetische Entkopplung bildenden Trennbereich ein Polkern anschließt, wobei bei Bestromung der Spulenwicklung am Anker eine Magnetkraft wirkt, die diesen innerhalb eines Hubraums in Richtung auf den Polkern zu bewegen sucht.The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuating device, in particular a proportional magnet or switching magnet, with a magnet armature which is guided so that it can move axially in a pole tube which is at least partially surrounded by a coil winding and to which a pole core is connected via a separating region which forms a magnetic decoupling, with the coil winding being energized a magnetic force acts on the armature, which seeks to move it towards the pole core within a cubic capacity.

Derartige elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtungen, die man in der Fachsprache auch als Proportionalmagnete oder Schaltmagnete bezeichnet, sind auf dem Markt in einer Vielzahl von Ausführungsformen frei erhältlich. Eine insbesondere für eine Ventilbetätigung vorgesehene Betätigungsvorrichtung dieser Art ist beispielsweise in der DE 10 2008 061 414 A1 beschrieben. Bei derartigen Vorrichtungen führt der Magnetanker bei elektrischer Erregung der zugehörigen Spulenwicklung eine Hubbewegung im Polrohr aus. Entfällt die Bestromung der Spulenwicklung, wird regelmäßig über eine Rückstellkraft der Magnetanker in eine Ausgangsposition rückgestellt. In den meisten Fällen wirkt die Rückstellkraft auf den Magnetanker über ein mit dem Anker verbundenes Betätigungsteil, das beispielsweise stangenartig ausgebildet ist und sich durch den Polkern hindurch erstreckt und einen betreffenden Betätigungsvorgang auslöst, beispielsweise bei einem von außen angeschlossenen Ventil zur Steuerung von Fluidströmen. Je nach Anwendungsfall ist ein spezielles, bestimmtes Ansprechverhalten der Betätigungsvorrichtung erforderlich. Genauer gesagt, ist für betreffende Schalt- oder Steuerfunktionen ein bestimmter Verlauf der Magnetkraft-Hubweg-Kennlinie erforderlich. Für den Verlauf dieser F-s-Kennlinie ist insbesondere die Geometrie des Polrohres in dem Übergangsbereich zwischen dem magnetischen Trennbereich und dem Polkern bestimmend. Für den Hersteller derartiger Betätigungsvorrichtungen bedeutet dies, dass er nach Bedarf, d.h. abhängig davon, ob ein Kunde einen ansteigenden Kennlinienverlauf, eine etwa waagerechte Kennlinie, oder einen abfallenden Kennlinienverlauf wünscht, unterschiedliche Polrohrsysteme herstellen und anbieten muss. Insbesondere bei kleinen, an einen Kundenwunsch angepassten Stückzahlen führt dies zu erhöhten Herstellungskosten.Such electromagnetic actuating devices, which are also referred to in the technical jargon as proportional magnets or switching magnets, are freely available on the market in a large number of embodiments. A particular intended for valve actuation actuator of this type is for example in DE 10 2008 061 414 A1 described. In devices of this type, the magnet armature performs a lifting movement in the pole tube when the associated coil winding is electrically excited. If the coil winding is not energized, the magnet armature is regularly reset to an initial position via a restoring force. In most cases, the restoring force acts on the magnet armature via an actuating part connected to the armature, which is for example rod-like and extends through the pole core and triggers a relevant actuating process, for example in the case of an externally connected valve for controlling fluid flows. Depending on the application, a special, specific response is the operating device required. To put it more precisely, a specific course of the magnetic force-stroke characteristic is required for the switching or control functions in question. For the course of this Fs characteristic is in particular determining the geometry of the pole tube in the transition area between the magnetic separation area and the pole core. For the manufacturer of such actuating devices, this means that he has to produce and offer different pole tube systems as required, ie depending on whether a customer wants a rising characteristic curve, an approximately horizontal characteristic curve, or a falling characteristic curve. This leads to increased production costs, in particular in the case of small quantities adapted to customer requirements.

Die EP 1 953 773 A2 beschreibt eine elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung, insbesondere einen Proportionalmagneten oder einen Schaltmagneten, mit einem Magnetanker, der in einem von einer Spulenwicklung zumindest teilweise umgebenen Polrohr axial bewegbar geführt ist, an das sich über einen eine magnetische Entkopplung bildenden Trennbereich ein Polkern anschließt, wobei bei Bestromung der Spulenwicklung am Anker eine Magnetkraft wirkt, die diesen innerhalb eines Hubraums in Richtung auf den Polkern zu bewegen sucht, wobei ankerseitig eine Polscheibe zwischen den Permanentmagneten des Ankers und dem Polkern eingebracht ist, wobei der sich an den Trennbereich des Polrohres anschließende Teil des Hubraums durch eine Vertiefung im Polkern gebildet ist, die die vom Polrohr gebildete Führung des Ankers fortsetzt und am Trennbereich in einem eine Kante bildenden Rand endet. Die Polscheibe ist in Form einer Ringscheibe fest auf einer Hubstange angeordnet.the EP 1 953 773 A2 describes an electromagnetic actuating device, in particular a proportional magnet or a switching magnet, with a magnet armature which is guided so that it can move axially in a pole tube which is at least partially surrounded by a coil winding and to which a pole core is connected via a separating region which forms a magnetic decoupling, with the coil winding being energized a magnetic force acts on the armature, which seeks to move it within a cubic capacity in the direction of the pole core, with a pole disc being introduced on the armature side between the permanent magnets of the armature and the pole core, with the part of the cubic capacity adjoining the separating area of the pole tube being covered by a recess is formed in the pole core, which continues the guidance of the armature formed by the pole tube and ends at the separating area in a rim forming an edge. The pole disc is fixed in the form of a ring disc on a lifting rod.

Weitere elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtungen gehen aus der DE 37 34 037 C1 , der DE 103 27 209 B3 , der DE 10 2004 017 089 A1 , der US 2009/0314977 A1 und der EP 2 254 130 A2 her DE3734037 C1 offenbart eine elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung, vor. wobei eine ferromagnetische Ringscheibe zwischen dem Anker und dem Polkern eingebracht ist, wobei diese Ringscheibe an einer Hubstange fest angebracht ist. Der Anker bewegt sich einerseits relativ zur Hubstange zwischen der Ringscheibe und einem Anschlag, andererseits mit der Ringscheibe und der Hubstange mehr oder weniger stark gegen eine Rückstellfeder von einem Ventilsitz abhebend weg.More electromagnetic actuators go from the DE 37 34 037 C1 , the DE 103 27 209 B3 , the DE 10 2004 017 089 A1 , the U.S. 2009/0314977 A1 and the EP 2 254 130 A2 here DE3734037 C1 discloses an electromagnetic actuator. a ferromagnetic washer being interposed between the armature and the pole core, this washer being fixedly attached to a lifting rod. The armature moves on the one hand relative to the lifting rod between the annular disc and a stop, on the other hand with the annular disc and the lifting rod lifting away more or less strongly against a restoring spring from a valve seat.

Im Hinblick auf diese Problematik stellt sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe, eine elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung zur Verfügung zu stellen, die universellere Einzatzmöglichkeiten bietet und daher eine rationelle Fertigung ermöglicht.In view of this problem, the object of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic actuating device which offers more universal application possibilities and therefore enables rational production.

Erfindungsgemäß ist diese Aufgabe durch Kombination aus einer elektromagnetischen Betätigungsvorrichtung und ferromagnetischen Ringscheiben unterschiedlicher axialer Dicke gelöst, die die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 in seiner Gesamtheit aufweist.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a combination of an electromagnetic actuating device and ferromagnetic annular disks of different axial thickness, which has the features of patent claim 1 in its entirety.

Gemäß Anspruch 1 besteht eine wesentliche Besonderheit der Erfindung darin, dass die Kombination mit Einlagen in Form von Ringscheiben unterschiedlicher axialer Dicke vorgesehen ist und dass eine der Einlagen an die Bodenfläche der Vertiefung des Polkerns angelegt ist. Dadurch lässt sich der axiale Abstand zwischen der ferromagnetischen Einlage und dem als magnetische Steuerkante wirkenden Rand des Polkerns auf eine gewünschte Länge, bei der ein gewünschter Kennlinienverlauf der F-s-Kennlinie gegeben ist, einstellen.According to claim 1, an essential feature of the invention is that the combination is provided with inserts in the form of ring disks of different axial thicknesses and that one of the inserts is applied to the bottom surface of the depression of the pole core. As a result, the axial distance between the ferromagnetic insert and the edge of the pole core, which acts as a magnetic control edge, can be set to a desired length, at which a desired characteristic curve of the F-s characteristic curve is given.

Es ist ferner vorgesehen, dass für eine gewünschte Verkürzung der axialen Länge des zwischen dem magnetischen Trennbereich am Polrohr und dem Polkern befindlichen Abschnitts des Hubraums mindestens eine Einlage aus ferromagnetischem Material vorgegebener axialer Dicke zwischen den Anker und den Polkern eingebracht ist. Dadurch eröffnet sich die Möglichkeit, für das Polrohr-Polkern-System eine Standardgröße herzustellen und dann, je nach Bedarf, durch Einbringen eines ferromagnetischen Zusatzelements die Länge des für den Kennlinienverlauf bestimmenden Hubraums, der als Hubweg des Ankers zwischen dem magnetischen Trennbereich und dem Polkern zur Verfügung steht, derart einzustellen, dass ein für den Einsatzzweck optimaler Verlauf der Kraft-Hub-Kennlinie gegeben ist.It is also provided that at least one insert made of ferromagnetic material of predetermined axial thickness is introduced between the armature and the pole core for a desired shortening of the axial length of the section of displacement located between the magnetic separation area on the pole tube and the pole core. This opens up the possibility of producing a standard size for the pole tube-pole core system and then, if required, adding a ferromagnetic additional element to increase the length of the displacement that determines the course of the characteristic curve, which is the displacement of the armature between the magnetic separation area and the pole core Is available to be set in such a way that the force-stroke characteristic curve is optimal for the intended use.

Vorzugsweise ist die Einlage an der Bodenfläche der Vertiefung festgelegt ist.Preferably, the liner is secured to the bottom surface of the recess.

In vorteilhafter Weise kann die Anordnung so getroffen sein, dass der Anker ein stangenartiges Betätigungsteil aufweist und dass als Einlage eine das Betätigungsteil umgebende, ferromagnetische Ringscheibe gewählter Dicke vorgesehen ist.Advantageously, the arrangement can be such that the armature has a rod-like actuating part and that a ferromagnetic annular disk of selected thickness surrounding the actuating part is provided as an insert.

Für optimale Funktionssicherheit kann in an sich bekannter Weise zwischen der ferromagnetischen Ringscheibe und dem Anker eine Antiklebscheibe angeordnet sein.For optimal functional reliability, an anti-adhesive disk can be arranged in a manner known per se between the ferromagnetic annular disk and the armature.

Bei Ausführungsbeispielen, bei denen an dem vom Polkern abgewandten Ende des Polrohres ein Endkörper angebracht ist, der für den Anker eine Hubwegbegrenzung bildet, lassen sich durch entsprechende Dimensionierung des Endkörpers bei in einer Standardgröße hergestellten Polrohren je nach Wunsch und Bedarf unterschiedliche Längen für den dem Anker zur Verfügung stehenden Gesamthubweg realisieren.In embodiments in which an end body is attached to the end of the pole tube facing away from the pole core, which forms a stroke limiter for the armature, different lengths for the armature can be achieved as desired and required by appropriate dimensioning of the end body for pole tubes manufactured in a standard size realize the available total stroke.

Die ferromagnetische Ringscheibe kann am Polkern durch Kleben oder Löten oder durch eine Materialverformung festgelegt sein, etwa durch eine Verstemmung am Außenrand, oder durch Verstemmen in einer in der Bodenfläche des Polkerns gebildeten Ringnut.The ferromagnetic ring disk can be fixed to the pole core by gluing or soldering or by material deformation, for example by caulking at the outer edge, or by caulking in an annular groove formed in the bottom surface of the pole core.

Alternativ kann die ferromagnetische Ringscheibe mittels einer ihren Umfangsrand einfassenden Hülse festgelegt sein, die außenseitig an einer Innenfläche am Polrohr oder Polkern festgelegt ist.Alternatively, the ferromagnetic ring disk can be fixed by means of a sleeve that encloses its peripheral edge and is fixed on the outside on an inner surface of the pole tube or pole core.

Ferner kann die ferromagnetische Ringscheibe mittels einer zwischen deren Umfangsrand und der Fläche des Polkerns gebildeten Schweißstelle festgelegt sein.Furthermore, the ferromagnetic annular disk can be fixed by means of a weld formed between its peripheral edge and the surface of the pole core.

Bei abgewandelten Ausführungsbeispielen kann die Anordnung so getroffen sein, dass die ferromagnetische Ringscheibe an der vom Anker abgewandten Seite einen koaxialen, hülsenartigen Fortsatz besitzt, der durch Presspassung in einer Bohrung des Polkerns gesichert ist, die vom stangenartigen Betätigungsteil des Ankers durchgriffen ist.In modified exemplary embodiments, the arrangement can be such that the ferromagnetic ring disk has a coaxial, sleeve-like extension on the side facing away from the armature Press fit is secured in a bore of the pole core, which is penetrated by the rod-like operating part of the armature.

Gemäß Anspruch 11 wird die Verwendung der Kombination nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 beansprucht.According to claim 11, the use of the combination according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is claimed.

Nachstehend ist die Erfindung anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen im Einzelnen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt einer Betätigungsvorrichtung reiner Kombination gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, wobei eine Auswahl ferromagnetischer Ringscheiben unterschiedlicher Dicke gesondert dargestellt ist;
Fig. 1A
einen stark vergrößerten Ausschnitt des in Fig. 1 mit A bezeichneten Bereichs;
Fig. 2
eine der Fig. 1A entsprechende Darstellung mit zugeordneter Darstellung der resultierenden Kennlinienverläufe ohne bzw. mit eingesetzter ferromagnetischer Ringscheibe;
Fig. 3
eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung, wobei eine ferromagnetische Ringscheibe mit einer gegenüber Fig. 2 größeren Dicke eingelegt ist;
Fig. 4
einen Teillängsschnitt, in dem ein Teil des Magnetankers mit Betätigungsteil sowie der Übergangsbereich zwischen Polrohr und Polkern gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt ist;
Fig. 5 bis 9
der Fig. 4 entsprechende Teillängsschnitte fünf weiterer Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung; und
Fig. 10
einen Längsschnitt eines Ausführungsbeispiels der Betätigungsvorrichtung in Form eines Kompaktmagneten.
The invention is explained in detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing. Show it:
1
a longitudinal section of an actuating device pure combination according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein a selection of ferromagnetic washers of different thicknesses is shown separately;
Figure 1A
a greatly enlarged section of the in 1 area marked A;
2
one of the Figure 1A Corresponding representation with associated representation of the resulting characteristic curves without or with inserted ferromagnetic ring disk;
3
one of the 2 corresponding representation, with a ferromagnetic annular disc with a opposite 2 greater thickness is inserted;
4
a partial longitudinal section in which a part of the magnet armature with the actuating part and the transition area between the pole tube and the pole core is shown according to an exemplary embodiment;
Figures 5 to 9
the 4 corresponding partial longitudinal sections of five further embodiments of the invention; and
10
a longitudinal section of an embodiment of the actuator in the form of a compact magnet.

In Fig. 1, die ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Betätigungsvorrichtung der erfindungsgemässen Kombination im Längsschnitt zeigt, ist eine zugehörige Spulenwicklung weggelassen, die in an sich bekannter Weise auf dem mit 2 bezeichneten Polrohr angeordnet und für Betätigungsvorgänge bestrombar ist. Im Polrohr 2 ist ein Magnetanker 4 axial bewegbar geführt, an dessen einem Ende ein koaxiales, stangenartiges Betätigungsteil 6 befestigt ist. Dieses erstreckt sich durch eine Durchgangsbohrung 8 in einem Polkern 10 hindurch, so dass das freie Ende 12 des Betätigungsteils 6 an einem endseitigen Anschlussteil 14 des Polkerns 10 für einen Betätigungsvorgang zugänglich ist. Eine zu betätigende, mit dem Anschlussteil 14 verbundene Einrichtung, beispielsweise in Form eines Ventils, ist in Fig. 1 nicht gezeigt.In 1 , which shows an embodiment of the actuating device of the combination according to the invention in longitudinal section, an associated coil winding is omitted, which is arranged in a manner known per se on the pole tube designated 2 and can be energized for actuation processes. A magnet armature 4 is guided in an axially movable manner in the pole tube 2 and a coaxial, rod-like actuating part 6 is fastened to one end of the magnet armature. This extends through a through-bore 8 in a pole core 10, so that the free end 12 of the actuating part 6 is accessible for an actuating process at an end connection part 14 of the pole core 10. A device to be actuated, connected to the connection part 14, for example in the form of a valve, is in 1 Not shown.

Das in Fig. 1 gezeigte Beispiel ist als sog. "drückender Magnet" ausgelegt, wobei die dargestellte axiale Position dem voll bestromten Erregungszustand der (nicht gezeigten) Spulenwicklung entspricht und der Anker 4 über das Betätigungsteil 6 eine Druckkraft als Betätigungskraft erzeugt. Eine den Anker 4 bei Beendigung der Bestromung in Fig. 1 nach rechts zurückführende Rückstelleinrichtung, beispielsweise in Form einer Rückstellfeder, ist in Fig. 1 nicht gezeigt, da eine derartige Einrichtung dem Stand der Technik entsprechend ausgebildet sein kann. Um die Länge des durch eine Rückstellkraft bewirkten Rückhubes des Kolbens 4 zu begrenzen, ist am in Fig. 1 rechtsseitig gelegenen Ende des Polrohres 2 mittels einer Einbördelung 16 ein Endkörper 18 festgelegt. Durch entsprechende Dimensionierung des Endkörpers 18 lässt sich der für den Rückhub vorgesehene Hubweg auf eine gewünschte Länge einstellen. Das Polrohr 2 ist mit dem Polkern 10 über eine Schweißstelle 20 verbunden, die in an sich bekannter Weise einen eine magnetische Entkopplung bewirkenden Trennbereich bildet. Die an der Innenseite des Polrohres 2 gebildete Führung für den Anker 4 setzt sich über den durch die Schweißstelle 20 gebildeten Trennbereich hinaus in einer Vertiefung 22 fort, die im Polkern 10 kreiszylindrisch ausgebildet ist und eine in einer Radialebene liegende Bodenfläche 24 besitzt. An der Schweißstelle 20 endet die Vertiefung 22 in einer Kante 26, die einen die Führungsfläche des Ankers 4 umgebenden, zugespitzten Rand bildet.This in 1 The example shown is designed as a so-called "pushing magnet", with the axial position shown corresponding to the fully energized state of excitation of the coil winding (not shown) and the armature 4 generating a compressive force as an actuating force via the actuating part 6 . A the armature 4 at the end of the energization in 1 resetting device leading back to the right, for example in the form of a return spring, is in 1 not shown, since such a device can be designed according to the prior art. In order to limit the length of the return stroke of the piston 4 caused by a restoring force, on in 1 end of the pole tube 2 on the right-hand side by means of a flange 16 an end body 18 fixed. By appropriately dimensioning the end body 18, the stroke provided for the return stroke can be adjusted to a desired length. The pole tube 2 is connected to the pole core 10 via a weld 20 which, in a manner known per se, forms a separating region which causes magnetic decoupling. The guide formed on the inside of the pole tube 2 for the armature 4 continues beyond the separating region formed by the weld 20 in a depression 22 which is circular-cylindrical in the pole core 10 and has a bottom surface 24 lying in a radial plane. At the weld point 20, the depression 22 ends in an edge 26, which forms a tapered edge surrounding the guide surface of the armature 4.

Bei der Darstellung von Fig. 1 ist an die Bodenfläche 24 in der Vertiefung 22 des Polkerns 10 eine ferromagnetische Ringscheibe 28 aus einem ferritischen Material eingelegt, die von dem stangenartigen Betätigungsteil 6 durchgriffen ist. Zwischen der Ringscheibe 28 und dem Ende des Ankers 4 ist eine Antiklebscheibe 30 üblicher Art angeordnet. Die in eingelegtem Zustand gezeigte Ringscheibe 28 weist eine verhältnismäßig geringe axiale Dicke auf. Die Fig. 1 zeigt beispielhaft eine Auswahl eingelegter Ringscheiben 28 unterschiedlicher axialer Dicke. Die Dicke der jeweils eingelegten Ringscheibe 28 führt zu einer entsprechenden Verkürzung der axialen Länge des Hubraums, der für den Anker 4 bei der Bewegung in Richtung auf den Polkern 10 zur Verfügung steht. Die Modifizierung des Hubraums in dem kritischen Hubwegbereich, der sich an den magnetischen Trennbereich der Schweißstelle 20 anschließt, beeinflusst die Magnetkraft-Hubweg-Kennlinie, wie an Beispielen in den Fig. 2 und 3 gezeigt ist.When displaying 1 a ferromagnetic annular disk 28 made of a ferritic material is inserted on the bottom surface 24 in the recess 22 of the pole core 10, through which the rod-like actuating part 6 passes. An anti-adhesive disk 30 of the usual type is arranged between the annular disk 28 and the end of the armature 4 . The annular disk 28 shown in the inserted state has a relatively small axial thickness. the 1 shows an example of a selection of inserted washers 28 of different axial thickness. The thickness of the annular disk 28 inserted in each case leads to a corresponding shortening of the axial length of the cubic capacity which is available for the armature 4 when moving in the direction of the pole core 10 . The modification of the cubic capacity in the critical lifting path area, which adjoins the magnetic separation area of the weld 20, influences the magnetic force-lifting path characteristic, as in the examples in FIGS 2 and 3 is shown.

Von den Fig. 2 und 3 zeigt Fig. 2 ein Beispiel mit einer eingelegten Ringscheibe 28 geringerer Dicke, während Fig. 3 ein Beispiel mit einer Ringscheibe 28 größerer Dicke zeigt. Beim Beispiel von Fig. 2 sind in einem bezifferten F-s-Diagramm der Kennlinienverlauf ohne eingelegte Ringscheibe 28 mit 32 und mit einer eingelegten Ringscheibe 28 einer Stärke von 0,7 mm mit 34 bezeichnet. Wie ersichtlich ergibt sich bei eingelegter Ringscheibe 28 über einen hauptsächlich zu nutzenden Standardhubweg zwischen etwa 1,5 mm und 2,5 mm ein im Wesentlichen waagerechter Kennlinienverlauf, während die Kennlinie 32 demgegenüber hier abfallend ist. Bei dem in Fig. 3 gezeigten Beispiel mit einer eingelegten Ringscheibe 28 mit einer Dicke von 1,3 mm ergibt sich ein stärkerer Kraftanstieg zu einer höheren Maximalkraft bei kleinerem Hubweg, siehe Kennlinie 34. Man hat es daher in der Hand, bei Herstellung eines Polrohr-Polkern-Systems in einer Standardgröße einen gewählten Verlauf der F-s-Kennlinie zu realisieren, je nachdem, ob keine ferromagnetische Ringscheibe 28 eingelegt oder eine Ringscheibe 28 vorgegebener Dicke eingelegt ist. Bei gleicher Standardgröße ist außerdem die Hublänge des Rückhubes durch Wahl der Abmessungen des betreffenden Endkörpers 18 festgelegt.Of the 2 and 3 indicates 2 an example with an inserted washer 28 of lesser thickness, while 3 shows an example with an annular disk 28 of greater thickness. In the example of 2 are in a numbered Fs diagram of the characteristic curve without inserted washer 28 with 32 and with an inserted washer 28 with a thickness of 0.7 mm marked 34. As can be seen, when the annular disk 28 is inserted, an essentially horizontal characteristic curve results over a standard stroke path between about 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm, which is mainly to be used, while the characteristic curve 32, in contrast, is sloping here. At the in 3 In the example shown with an inserted ring disk 28 with a thickness of 1.3 mm, there is a stronger increase in force to a higher maximum force with a smaller stroke, see characteristic curve 34. It is therefore in your hands when manufacturing a pole tube pole core system in one Standard size to realize a selected course of the Fs characteristic, depending on whether no ferromagnetic washer 28 is inserted or a washer 28 of predetermined thickness is inserted. With the same standard size, the stroke length of the return stroke is also determined by the selection of the dimensions of the end body 18 in question.

Die Fig. 4 bis 9 zeigen weitere Ausführungsbeispiele mit einer Auswahl möglicher Arten des Einbaus einer Ringscheibe 28. So ist beim Beispiel von Fig. 4 die Befestigung der Ringscheibe 28 an der Bodenfläche 24 des Polkerns 10 durch Ankleben oder Hartlöten vorgesehen. Beim Beispiel von Fig. 5 ist eine Verbindung mittels mechanischer Verformung durch eine Außenverstemmung der Ringscheibe 28 bei 36 gegen die Innenwand der Vertiefung 22 vorgesehen. Fig. 6 zeigt die Festlegung der Ringscheibe 28 mittels einer Hülse 38, die an der Innenseite von Polrohr 2 und Vertiefung 22 die Führungsfläche für den Anker 4 bildet.the Figures 4 to 9 show further exemplary embodiments with a selection of possible types of installation of an annular disk 28. The example in FIG 4 the attachment of the annular disc 28 to the bottom surface 24 of the pole core 10 is provided by gluing or brazing. In the example of figure 5 a connection is provided by means of mechanical deformation by an external caulking of the annular disc 28 at 36 against the inner wall of the recess 22. 6 shows the fixing of the annular disk 28 by means of a sleeve 38, which forms the guide surface for the armature 4 on the inside of the pole tube 2 and the recess 22.

Beim Beispiel von Fig. 7 ist eine an der Ringscheibe 28 ausgebildete Schweißgeometrie 40 als Verbindungsmittel vorgesehen, während beim Beispiel von Fig. 8 wiederum eine mechanische Verformung vorgesehen ist, indem die Ringscheibe 28 in eine in die Bodenfläche 24 eingearbeitete Ringnut 42 hinein verstemmt ist. Schließlich zeigt die Fig. 9 ein Beispiel, bei dem eine speziell geformte Ringscheibe 28 an der vom Anker 4 abgewandten Seite einen koaxialen, hülsenartigen Fortsatz 44 besitzt, der durch Presspassung in der Bohrung 8 des Polkerns 10 gesichert ist.In the example of 7 a welded geometry 40 formed on the ring disk 28 is provided as a connecting means, while in the example of FIG 8 mechanical deformation is again provided in that the annular disk 28 is caulked into an annular groove 42 machined into the bottom surface 24 . Finally shows the 9 an example in which a specially shaped washer 28 has a coaxial, sleeve-like extension 44 on the side facing away from the armature 4, which is secured in the bore 8 of the pole core 10 by a press fit.

Die Fig. 10 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem die Erfindung bei einem sog. Kompaktmagneten realisiert ist. Im Unterschied zu der Bauform, die in Fig. 1 gezeigt ist, ist der Polkern 10 im Verhältnis zu seinem Durchmesser kürzer ausgebildet und weist an dem das Anschlussteil 14 aufweisenden Ende eine flanschartige, radiale Erweiterung 48 auf. Der Endkörper 18 bildet den geschlossenen Boden eines topfartigen Gehäuses 50, das sich bis zur Erweiterung 48 des Polkerns 10 erstreckt, die das offene Ende des Topfes verschließt. Zwischen dem Endkörper 18 und der Erweiterung 48 des Polkerns 10 umgibt das Gehäuse 50 die Spulenwicklung 52, die ihrerseits einen Großteil des Polrohres 2 und des Polkerns 10 umgibt. Bei dem in Fig. 10 gezeigten Kompaktmagneten ist der Verlauf der F-s-Kennlinie gleichermaßen durch Wahl eingebrachter ferromagnetischer Ringscheiben 28 beeinflusst. the 10 shows an embodiment in which the invention is implemented in a so-called compact magnet. In contrast to the design that 1 is shown, the pole core 10 is shorter in relation to its diameter and has a flange-like, radial expansion 48 at the end having the connection part 14 . The end body 18 forms the closed bottom of a pot-like housing 50, which extends to the extension 48 of the pole core 10, which closes the open end of the pot. Between the end body 18 and the extension 48 of the pole core 10, the housing 50 surrounds the coil winding 52, which in turn surrounds a large part of the pole tube 2 and the pole core 10. At the in 10 In the compact magnets shown, the course of the Fs characteristic is equally influenced by the choice of introduced ferromagnetic ring disks 28 .

Claims (11)

  1. Combination of an electromagnetic actuating device, in particular a proportional solenoid or a switching solenoid, and ferromagnetic annular discs (28) of different axial thickness, wherein the electromagnetic actuating device comprises a solenoid armature (4) which is guided so as to be axially movable in a pole tube (2) of the actuating device, which pole tube is at least partially surrounded by a coil winding (52) of the actuating device and is adjoined by a pole core (10) of the actuating device via a separating region (20) which forms a magnetic decoupling, wherein, when the coil winding (52) is energised, a magnetic force acts on the armature (4) which attempts to move the armature towards the pole core (10) within a displacement chamber, wherein at least one insert (28) of ferromagnetic material of a predetermined axial thickness in the form of one of the ferromagnetic annular discs (28) is introduced between the armature (4) and the pole core (10) for a desired shortening of the axial length of the displacement chamber, wherein each of the annular discs (28) is usable as such an insert depending on the desired shortening, wherein the part of the displacement chamber adjoining the separating region (20) of the pole tube (2) is formed by a recess (22) in the pole core (10), which recess continues the guide of the armature (4) formed by the pole tube (2) and ends at the separating region (20) in an edge (26) forming a rim, wherein the insert in the form of the annular disc (28) is applied to the bottom surface (24) of the recess (22) of the pole core (10).
  2. Combination according to claim 1, characterised in that the insert (28) is fixed to the bottom surface (24) of the recess (22).
  3. Combination according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the armature (4) comprises a rod-like actuating part (6) and the insert in the form of the annular disc (28) surrounds the actuating part (6).
  4. Combination according to claim 3, characterised in that an anti-adhesion disc (30) is arranged between the ferromagnetic annular disc (28) and the armature (4).
  5. Combination according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that an end body (18), which forms a stroke path limiter for the armature (4), is attached to the end of the pole tube (2) directed away from the pole core (10).
  6. Combination according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the ferromagnetic annular disc (28) is fixed to the pole core (10) by adhesive bonding or soldering.
  7. Combination according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterised in that the ferromagnetic annular disc (28) is fixed to the pole core (10) by caulking (36, 42).
  8. Combination according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterised in that the ferromagnetic annular disc (28) is fixed by means of a sleeve (38) enclosing its circumferential edge which is fixed on the outside to an inner surface on the pole tube (2) and on pole core (10).
  9. Combination according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterised in that the ferromagnetic annular disc (28) is fixed by means of a weld (40) formed between its circumferential edge and the bottom surface (24) of the pole core (10).
  10. Combination according to claim 3 or one of claims 4-9, if dependent on claim 3, characterised in that the ferromagnetic annular disc (28) has, on the side directed away from the armature (4), a coaxial, sleeve-like extension (44) which is secured by interference fit in a hole (8) of the pole core (10), the hole being penetrated by the rod-like actuating part (6) of the armature (4).
  11. Use of the combination according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that one of the annular discs is applied as the insert to the bottom surface (24) of the recess (22) of the pole core (10) in order to adjust the axial distance between the ferromagnetic insert and the edge of the pole core acting as a magnetic control edge to a desired length for which a desired characteristic curve of the magnetic force/stroke path characteristic is given.
EP14733993.1A 2013-06-28 2014-06-14 Electromagnetic actuator Active EP3014635B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102013010833.0A DE102013010833A1 (en) 2013-06-28 2013-06-28 Electromagnetic actuator
PCT/EP2014/001618 WO2014206537A1 (en) 2013-06-28 2014-06-14 Electromagnetic actuating apparatus

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EP3014635B1 true EP3014635B1 (en) 2022-04-27

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DE (1) DE102013010833A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2014206537A1 (en)

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EP3014635A1 (en) 2016-05-04
US20160118174A1 (en) 2016-04-28
DE102013010833A1 (en) 2014-12-31
US9941042B2 (en) 2018-04-10
WO2014206537A1 (en) 2014-12-31

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