EP3014635A1 - Electromagnetic actuating apparatus - Google Patents

Electromagnetic actuating apparatus

Info

Publication number
EP3014635A1
EP3014635A1 EP14733993.1A EP14733993A EP3014635A1 EP 3014635 A1 EP3014635 A1 EP 3014635A1 EP 14733993 A EP14733993 A EP 14733993A EP 3014635 A1 EP3014635 A1 EP 3014635A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
pole core
pole
electromagnetic actuator
actuator according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14733993.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3014635B1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Bereschka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hydac Electronic GmbH
Original Assignee
Hydac Electronic GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hydac Electronic GmbH filed Critical Hydac Electronic GmbH
Publication of EP3014635A1 publication Critical patent/EP3014635A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3014635B1 publication Critical patent/EP3014635B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/13—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures characterised by pulling-force characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/085—Yoke or polar piece between coil bobbin and armature having a gap, e.g. filled with nonmagnetic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1661—Electromagnets or actuators with anti-stick disc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator, in particular proportional magnet or solenoid, with a magnet armature, which is axially movably guided in a at least partially surrounded by a coil winding pole tube to which a magnetic decoupling forming separation area is followed by a pole core, wherein when energized Coil winding armature acts on a magnetic force that seeks to move within a displacement in the direction of the pole core.
  • electromagnetic actuators which are in the
  • proportional solenoids or solenoids are freely available on the market in a variety of embodiments.
  • An actuating device of this kind provided in particular for a valve actuation is described, for example, in DE 10 2008 061 414 A1.
  • the armature carries out a lifting movement in the pole tube upon electrical excitation of the associated coil winding. If the energization of the coil winding is omitted, the magnet armature is reset to a starting position regularly by means of a restoring force.
  • the restoring force acts on the armature via a connected to the armature operating part, which is for example rod-like and extending through the pole core and triggers a respective actuation operation, for example at an au h connected valve for controlling fluid flows.
  • a special, specific response of the actuator is required. More specifically, for certain switching or control functions, a certain course of the magnetic force-stroke characteristic is required.
  • the geometry of the pole tube in the transition region between the magnetic separation region and the pole core determines the course of this Fs characteristic curve.
  • the invention has the object to provide an electromagnetic actuator available, which offers more universal additional options and therefore allows a rational production. According to the invention this object is achieved by an electromagnetic actuator having the features of claim 1 in its entirety.
  • an essential feature of the invention is that for a desired shortening of the axial length of the between the magnetic separation region on
  • the arrangement can be made such that the part of the displacement adjoining the separation region of the pole tube is formed by a depression in the pole core which continues the guide of the armature formed by the pole tube and at the separation region in an edge forming an edge ends, wherein the respective insert can be applied to the bottom surface of the recess of the pole core.
  • the axial distance between the ferromagnetic insert and the edge of the pole core acting as the magnetic control edge can be adjusted to a desired length, at which a desired characteristic curve of the F-s characteristic curve is given.
  • the respective insert on the bottom surface of the recess can be fixed.
  • the arrangement can be made such that the armature has a rod-like actuating part and that a ferromagnetic annular disc of selected thickness surrounding the actuating part is provided as the respective insert.
  • an anti-adhesion disc can be arranged in a manner known per se between the ferromagnetic annular disk and the armature.
  • an end body is attached to the end remote from the pole core of the pole tube, which forms a Hubwegbegrenzung for the anchor
  • the respective ferromagnetic annular disc may be fixed to the pole core by gluing or soldering or by a material deformation, such as by caulking on the outer edge, or by caulking in an annular groove formed in the bottom surface of the pole core.
  • the respective ferromagnetic annular disc can be fixed by means of a sleeve enclosing its peripheral edge, which is fixed on the outside to an inner surface on the pole tube or pole core.
  • the respective ferromagnetic annular disk can be formed by means of a between whose peripheral edge and the surface of the pole core formed
  • the arrangement may be such that the respective ferromagnetic annular disk on the side facing away from the armature has a coaxial, sleeve-like projection which is secured by press fitting in a bore of the pole core, which is penetrated by the rod-like actuating part of the armature.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of an actuating device according to a
  • Fig. 1A is a greatly enlarged section of the area indicated by A in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 2 is a of Fig. 1 A corresponding representation associated with
  • FIG. 3 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 2, wherein a ferromagnetic annular disc with a greater thickness than FIG. 2 is inserted;
  • Fig. 4 is a partial longitudinal section, in which a part of the armature with
  • FIG. 5 to 9 of FIG. 4 corresponding partial longitudinal sections of five further embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 shows a longitudinal section of an embodiment of the actuating device in the form of a compact magnet.
  • Fig. 1 which shows an embodiment of the actuating device according to the invention in longitudinal section
  • an associated coil winding is omitted, which is arranged in a conventional manner on the designated pole tube 2 and can be energized for actuation operations.
  • a magnet armature 4 is guided axially movable, at one end of a coaxial rod-like actuating member 6 is fixed. This extends through a through hole 8 in a pole core 10, so that the free end 12 of the actuating part 6 at an end-side connecting part 14 of the pole core 10 is accessible for an actuating operation.
  • a to be operated, connected to the connector 14 device, for example in the form of a valve is not shown in Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 1 is designed as a so-called "pushing magnet", wherein the axial position shown corresponds to the fully energized excitation state of the (not shown) coil winding and the armature 4 via the actuating member 6 generates a pressing force as an actuating force 4 in the form of a restoring spring, not shown in FIG. 1, since such a device may be designed according to the state of the art 1 to limit the return stroke of the piston 4, an end body 18 is secured to the right-hand end of the pole tube 2 by means of a flanging 16.
  • the stroke provided for the return stroke can be set to a desired length
  • the pole tube 2 is connected to the pole core 10 via a weld 20 connected, which forms in a conventional manner a magnetic decoupling causing separation area.
  • the guide 4 formed on the inside of the pole tube 2 for the armature 4 continues beyond the separation area formed by the weld 20 in a recess 22 which is circular cylindrical in the pole core 10 and has a lying in a radial plane bottom surface 24.
  • the recess 22 terminates in an edge 26, which forms a the edge of the guide surface of the armature 4 surrounding, pointed edge.
  • a ferromagnetic annular disc 28 made of a ferritic material is inserted on the bottom surface 24 in the recess 22 of the pole core 10, which is penetrated by the rod-like actuating part 6. Between the annular disc 28 and the end of the armature 4, an anti-stick disc 30 of the usual type is arranged.
  • the inlaid Condition shown annular disc 28 has a relatively small axial thickness. 1 shows by way of example a selection of insertable annular discs 28 of different axial thickness. The thickness of the respectively inserted annular disc 28 leads to a corresponding shortening of the axial length of the displacement, which is available for the armature 4 during the movement in the direction of the pole core 10.
  • the modification of the displacement in the critical stroke range, which adjoins the magnetic separation region of the weld 20, affects the magnetic force-stroke characteristic, as shown by examples in Figs. 2 and 3.
  • Fig. 2 shows an example with an inserted annular disc 28 of lesser thickness
  • Fig. 3 shows an example with an annular disc 28 of greater thickness
  • the characteristic profile without inserted annular disk 28 is designated by 32 and with an inserted annular disk 28 having a thickness of 0.7 mm by 34.
  • a substantially horizontal characteristic curve is obtained via a standard stroke that is to be used mainly between approximately 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm, while the characteristic curve 32, in contrast, is sloping here.
  • FIG. 5 shows the attachment of the annular disc 28 provided on the bottom surface 24 of the pole core 10 by gluing or brazing.
  • a connection is provided by means of mechanical deformation by external calking of the annular disc 28 at 36 against the inner wall of the recess 22.
  • Fig. 6 shows the determination of the annular disc 28 by means of a sleeve 38 which forms the guide surface for the armature 4 on the inside of pole tube 2 and recess 22.
  • Welding geometry 40 provided as a connecting means, while the
  • FIG. 9 shows an example in which a specially shaped annular disc 28 on the side facing away from the armature 4 has a coaxial, sleeve-like extension 44 which is secured in the bore 8 of the pole core 10 by press-fitting.
  • Fig. 10 shows an embodiment in which the invention is implemented in a so-called. Compact magnet.
  • the pole core 10 is shorter in relation to its diameter and has a flange-like, radial extension 48 at the end having the connection part 14.
  • the end body 18 forms the closed bottom of a pot-like housing 50, which extends to the extension 48 of the pole core 10, which closes the open end of the cup.
  • the housing 50 surrounds the coil winding 52, which in turn surrounds a large part of the pole tube 2 and the pole core 10.
  • the profile of the F-s characteristic can likewise be influenced by selecting ferromagnetic annular disks 28 introduced.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Abstract

An electromagnetic actuating apparatus, in particular a proportional magnet or switching magnet, comprising a magnet armature (4), which is guided in axially movable fashion in a pole tube (2), which is at least partially surrounded by a coil winding and which is adjoined by a pole core (10) via a separating region (20) forming a magnetic decoupling, wherein, on energization of the coil winding (52), a magnetic force acts on the armature (4), which magnetic force attempts to move said armature (4) in the direction of the pole core (10) within a travel area, characterized in that at least one insert (28) consisting of ferromagnetic material with a preset axial thickness can be introduced between the armature (4) and the pole core (10) in order to shorten, as desired, the axial length of the travel area.

Description

Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung  Electromagnetic actuator
Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung, insbesondere Proportional magnet oder Schaltmagnet, mit einem Magnetanker, der in einem von einer Spulenwicklung zumindest teilweise umgebenen Polrohr axial bewegbar geführt ist, an das sich über einen eine magnetische Entkopplung bildenden Trennbereich ein Polkern anschließt, wobei bei Bestromung der Spulenwicklung am Anker eine Magnetkraft wirkt, die diesen innerhalb eines Hubraums in Richtung auf den Polkern zu bewegen sucht. Derartige elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtungen, die man in derThe invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator, in particular proportional magnet or solenoid, with a magnet armature, which is axially movably guided in a at least partially surrounded by a coil winding pole tube to which a magnetic decoupling forming separation area is followed by a pole core, wherein when energized Coil winding armature acts on a magnetic force that seeks to move within a displacement in the direction of the pole core. Such electromagnetic actuators, which are in the
Fachsprache auch als Proportionalmagnete oder Schaltmagnete bezeichnet, sind auf dem Markt in einer Vielzahl von Ausführungsformen frei erhältlich. Eine insbesondere für eine Ventilbetätigung vorgesehene Betätigungsvorrichtung dieser Art ist beispielsweise in DE 10 2008 061 414 A1 beschrie- ben. Bei derartigen Vorrichtungen führt der Magnetanker bei elektrischer Erregung der zugehörigen Spulenwicklung eine Hubbewegung im Polrohr aus. Entfällt die Bestromung der Spulenwicklung, wird regelmäßig über eine Rückstell kraft der Magnetanker in eine Ausgangsposition rückgestellt. In den meisten Fällen wirkt die Rückstell kraft auf den Magnetanker über ein mit dem Anker verbundenes Betätigungsteil, das beispielsweise stangenartig ausgebildet ist und sich durch den Polkern hindurch erstreckt und einen betreffenden Betätigungsvorgang auslöst, beispielsweise bei einem von au- ßen angeschlossenen Ventil zur Steuerung von Fluidströmen. Je nach Anwendungsfall ist ein spezielles, bestimmtes Ansprechverhalten der Betätigungsvorrichtung erforderlich. Genauer gesagt, ist für betreffende Schaltoder Steuerfunktionen ein bestimmter Verlauf der Magnetkraft-Hubweg- Kennlinie erforderlich. Für den Verlauf dieser F-s-Kennlinie ist insbesondere die Geometrie des Polrohres in dem Übergangsbereich zwischen dem magnetischen Trennbereich und dem Polkern bestimmend. Für den Hersteller derartiger Betätigungsvorrichtungen bedeutet dies, dass er nach Bedarf, d.h. abhängig davon, ob ein Kunde einen ansteigenden Kennlinienverlauf, eine etwa waagerechte Kennlinie, oder einen abfallenden Kennlinienverlauf wünscht, unterschiedliche Polrohrsysteme herstellen und anbieten muss. Insbesondere bei kleinen, an einen Kundenwunsch angepassten Stückzahlen führt dies zu erhöhten Herstellungskosten. Im Hinblick auf diese Problematik stellt sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe, eine elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung zur Verfügung zu stellen, die universellere Einzatzmöglichkeiten bietet und daher eine rationelle Fertigung ermöglicht. Erfindungsgemäß ist diese Aufgabe durch eine elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung gelöst, die die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 in seiner Gesamtheit aufweist. Technical terms also referred to as proportional solenoids or solenoids, are freely available on the market in a variety of embodiments. An actuating device of this kind provided in particular for a valve actuation is described, for example, in DE 10 2008 061 414 A1. In such devices, the armature carries out a lifting movement in the pole tube upon electrical excitation of the associated coil winding. If the energization of the coil winding is omitted, the magnet armature is reset to a starting position regularly by means of a restoring force. In most cases, the restoring force acts on the armature via a connected to the armature operating part, which is for example rod-like and extending through the pole core and triggers a respective actuation operation, for example at an au ßen connected valve for controlling fluid flows. Depending on the application, a special, specific response of the actuator is required. More specifically, for certain switching or control functions, a certain course of the magnetic force-stroke characteristic is required. In particular, the geometry of the pole tube in the transition region between the magnetic separation region and the pole core determines the course of this Fs characteristic curve. For the manufacturer of such actuators this means that he needs to produce and offer different pole tube systems as needed, ie, depending on whether a customer wants a rising characteristic curve, an approximately horizontal characteristic, or a sloping characteristic curve. This leads to increased production costs, especially for small quantities adapted to a customer's request. In view of this problem, the invention has the object to provide an electromagnetic actuator available, which offers more universal additional options and therefore allows a rational production. According to the invention this object is achieved by an electromagnetic actuator having the features of claim 1 in its entirety.
Gemäß dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 besteht eine wesentli- che Besonderheit der Erfindung darin, dass für eine gewünschte Verkürzung der axialen Länge des zwischen dem magnetischen Trennbereich am According to the characterizing part of claim 1, an essential feature of the invention is that for a desired shortening of the axial length of the between the magnetic separation region on
Polrohr und dem Polkern befindlichen Abschnitts des Hubraums mindestens eine Einlage aus ferromagnetischem Material vorgegebener axialer Dicke zwischen den Anker und den Polkern einbringbar ist. Dadurch eröffnet sich die Möglichkeit, für das Polrohr-Polkern-System eine Standardgröße herzustellen und dann, je nach Bedarf, durch Einbringen eines ferromagne- tischen Zusatzelements die Länge des für den Kennlinienverlauf bestimmenden Hubraums, der als Hubweg des Ankers zwischen dem magnetischen Trennbereich und dem Polkern zur Verfügung steht, derart einzustellen, dass ein für den Einsatzzweck optimaler Verlauf der Kraft-Hub- Kennlinie gegeben ist. Polrohr and the Polkern located portion of the displacement at least one insert of ferromagnetic material of predetermined axial thickness between the armature and the pole core can be introduced. This opens up the possibility of producing a standard size for the pole tube pole core system and then, as required, by introducing a ferromagnetic layer. Tisch additional element, the length of the characteristic curve defining capacity, which is available as a stroke of the armature between the magnetic separation region and the pole core, to be adjusted so that an optimal for the purpose of the force-stroke curve is given.
Mit besonderem Vorteil kann die Anordnung so getroffen sein, dass der sich an den Trennbereich des Polrohres anschließende Teil des Hubraums durch eine Vertiefung im Polkern gebildet ist, die die vom Polrohr gebildete Füh- rung des Ankers fortsetzt und am Trennbereich in einem eine Kante bildenden Rand endet, wobei die jeweilige Einlage an die Bodenfläche der Vertiefung des Polkerns anlegbar ist. Dadurch lässt sich der axiale Abstand zwischen der ferromagnetischen Einlage und dem als magnetische Steuerkante wirkenden Rand des Polkerns auf eine gewünschte Länge, bei der ein ge- wünschter Kennlinienverlauf der F-s-Kennlinie gegeben ist, einstellen. With particular advantage, the arrangement can be made such that the part of the displacement adjoining the separation region of the pole tube is formed by a depression in the pole core which continues the guide of the armature formed by the pole tube and at the separation region in an edge forming an edge ends, wherein the respective insert can be applied to the bottom surface of the recess of the pole core. As a result, the axial distance between the ferromagnetic insert and the edge of the pole core acting as the magnetic control edge can be adjusted to a desired length, at which a desired characteristic curve of the F-s characteristic curve is given.
Vorzugsweise ist die jeweilige Einlage an der Bodenfläche der Vertiefung festlegbar. In vorteilhafter Weise kann die Anordnung so getroffen sein, dass der Anker ein stangenartiges Betätigungsteil aufweist und dass als jeweilige Einlage eine das Betätigungsteil umgebende, ferromagnetische Ringscheibe gewählter Dicke vorgesehen ist. Für optimale Funktionssicherheit kann in an sich bekannter Weise zwischen der ferromagnetischen Ringscheibe und dem Anker eine Antiklebscheibe angeordnet sein. Preferably, the respective insert on the bottom surface of the recess can be fixed. In an advantageous manner, the arrangement can be made such that the armature has a rod-like actuating part and that a ferromagnetic annular disc of selected thickness surrounding the actuating part is provided as the respective insert. For optimum functional safety, an anti-adhesion disc can be arranged in a manner known per se between the ferromagnetic annular disk and the armature.
Bei Ausführungsbeispielen, bei denen an dem vom Polkern abgewandten Ende des Polrohres ein Endkörper angebracht ist, der für den Anker eine Hubwegbegrenzung bildet, lassen sich durch entsprechende Dimensionie- rung des Endkörpers bei in einer Standardgröße hergestellten Polrohren je nach Wunsch und Bedarf unterschiedliche Längen für den dem Anker zur Verfügung stehenden Gesamthubweg realisieren. Die jeweilige ferromagnetische Ringscheibe kann am Polkern durch Kleben oder Löten oder durch eine Materialverformung festgelegt sein, etwa durch eine Verstemmung am Außenrand, oder durch Verstemmen in einer in der Bodenfläche des Polkerns gebildeten Ringnut. Alternativ kann die jeweilige ferromagnetische Ringscheibe mittels einer ihren Umfangsrand einfassenden Hülse festgelegt sein, die außenseitig an einer Innenfläche am Polrohr oder Polkern festgelegt ist. In embodiments in which an end body is attached to the end remote from the pole core of the pole tube, which forms a Hubwegbegrenzung for the anchor, can be adjusted by appropriate dimensioning tion of the end body in produced in a standard size Polrohren as desired and need different lengths for the anchor available Gesamtthubweg realize. The respective ferromagnetic annular disc may be fixed to the pole core by gluing or soldering or by a material deformation, such as by caulking on the outer edge, or by caulking in an annular groove formed in the bottom surface of the pole core. Alternatively, the respective ferromagnetic annular disc can be fixed by means of a sleeve enclosing its peripheral edge, which is fixed on the outside to an inner surface on the pole tube or pole core.
Ferner kann die jeweilige ferromagnetische Ringscheibe mittels einer zwi- sehen deren Umfangsrand und der Fläche des Polkerns gebildeten Furthermore, the respective ferromagnetic annular disk can be formed by means of a between whose peripheral edge and the surface of the pole core formed
Schweißstelle festgelegt sein. Welding point be set.
Bei abgewandelten Ausführungsbeispielen kann die Anordnung so getroffen sein, dass die jeweilige ferromagnetische Ringscheibe an der vom Anker abgewandten Seite einen koaxialen, hülsenartigen Fortsatz besitzt, der durch Presspassung in einer Bohrung des Polkerns gesichert ist, die vom stangenartigen Betätigungsteil des Ankers durchgriffen ist. In modified embodiments, the arrangement may be such that the respective ferromagnetic annular disk on the side facing away from the armature has a coaxial, sleeve-like projection which is secured by press fitting in a bore of the pole core, which is penetrated by the rod-like actuating part of the armature.
Nachstehend ist die Erfindung anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen im Einzelnen erläutert. Es zeigen: The invention with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings will be explained in detail. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt einer Betätigungsvorrichtung gemäß einem 1 shows a longitudinal section of an actuating device according to a
Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, wobei eine Auswahl fer- romagnetischer Ringscheiben unterschiedlicher Dicke geson- dert dargestellt ist; Fig. 1 A einen stark vergrößerten Ausschnitt des in Fig. 1 mit A bezeichneten Bereichs; Embodiment of the invention, wherein a selection of ferromagnetic annular disks of different thickness is shown separately; Fig. 1A is a greatly enlarged section of the area indicated by A in Fig. 1;
Fig. 2 eine der Fig. 1 A entsprechende Darstellung mit zugeordneter Fig. 2 is a of Fig. 1 A corresponding representation associated with
Darstellung der resultierenden Kennlinienverläufe ohne bzw. mit eingesetzter ferromagnetischer Ringscheibe;  Representation of the resulting characteristic curves without or with inserted ferromagnetic annular disc;
Fig. 3 eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung, wobei eine ferro- magnetische Ringscheibe mit einer gegenüber Fig. 2 größeren Dicke eingelegt ist; FIG. 3 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 2, wherein a ferromagnetic annular disc with a greater thickness than FIG. 2 is inserted; FIG.
Fig. 4 einen Teillängsschnitt, in dem ein Teil des Magnetankers mit Fig. 4 is a partial longitudinal section, in which a part of the armature with
Betätigungsteil sowie der Übergangsbereich zwischen Polrohr und Polkern gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt ist;  Operating part and the transition region between pole tube and pole core is shown according to one embodiment;
Fig. 5 bis 9 der Fig. 4 entsprechende Teillängsschnitte fünf weiterer Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung und Fig. 5 to 9 of FIG. 4 corresponding partial longitudinal sections of five further embodiments of the invention and
Fig. 10 einen Längsschnitt eines Ausführungsbeispiels der Betäti- gungsvorrichtung in Form eines Kompaktmagneten. 10 shows a longitudinal section of an embodiment of the actuating device in the form of a compact magnet.
In Fig. 1 , die ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungs- Vorrichtung im Längsschnitt zeigt, ist eine zugehörige Spulenwicklung weggelassen, die in an sich bekannter Weise auf dem mit 2 bezeichneten Polrohr angeordnet und für Betätigungsvorgänge bestrombar ist. Im Polrohr 2 ist ein Magnetanker 4 axial bewegbar geführt, an dessen einem Ende ein koaxiales, stangenartiges Betätigungsteil 6 befestigt ist. Dieses erstreckt sich durch eine Durchgangsbohrung 8 in einem Polkern 10 hindurch, so dass das freie Ende 12 des Betätigungsteils 6 an einem endseitigen Anschlussteil 14 des Polkerns 10 für einen Betätigungsvorgang zugänglich ist. Eine zu betätigende, mit dem Anschlussteil 14 verbundene Einrichtung, beispielsweise in Form eines Ventils, ist in Fig. 1 nicht gezeigt. Das in Fig. 1 gezeigte Beispiel ist als sog.„drückender Magnet" ausgelegt, wobei die dargestellte axiale Position dem voll bestromten Erregungszustand der (nicht gezeigten) Spulenwicklung entspricht und der Anker 4 über das Betätigungsteil 6 eine Druckkraft als Betätigungskraft erzeugt. Eine den Anker 4 bei Beendigung der Bestromung in Fig. 1 nach rechts zurückfüh- rende Rücksteileinrichtung, beispielsweise in Form einer Rückstellfeder, ist in Fig. 1 nicht gezeigt, da eine derartige Einrichtung dem Stand der Technik entsprechend ausgebildet sein kann. Um die Länge des durch eine Rück- stellkraft bewirkten Rückhubes des Kolbens 4 zu begrenzen, ist am in Fig. 1 rechtsseitig gelegenen Ende des Polrohres 2 mittels einer Einbördelung 16 ein Endkörper 18 festgelegt. Durch entsprechende Dimensionierung des Endkörpers 18 lässt sich der für den Rückhub vorgesehene Hubweg auf eine gewünschte Länge einstellen. Das Polrohr 2 ist mit dem Polkern 10 über eine Schweißstelle 20 verbunden, die in an sich bekannter Weise einen eine magnetische Entkopplung bewirkenden Trennbereich bildet. Die an der Innenseite des Polrohres 2 gebildete Führung für den Anker 4 setzt sich über den durch die Schweißstelle 20 gebildeten Trennbereich hinaus in einer Vertiefung 22 fort, die im Polkern 10 kreiszylindrisch ausgebildet ist und eine in einer Radialebene liegende Bodenfläche 24 besitzt. An der Schweißstelle 20 endet die Vertiefung 22 in einer Kante 26, die einen die Führungsfläche des Ankers 4 umgebenden, zugespitzten Rand bildet. In Fig. 1, which shows an embodiment of the actuating device according to the invention in longitudinal section, an associated coil winding is omitted, which is arranged in a conventional manner on the designated pole tube 2 and can be energized for actuation operations. In the pole tube 2, a magnet armature 4 is guided axially movable, at one end of a coaxial rod-like actuating member 6 is fixed. This extends through a through hole 8 in a pole core 10, so that the free end 12 of the actuating part 6 at an end-side connecting part 14 of the pole core 10 is accessible for an actuating operation. A to be operated, connected to the connector 14 device, for example in the form of a valve is not shown in Fig. 1. The example shown in Fig. 1 is designed as a so-called "pushing magnet", wherein the axial position shown corresponds to the fully energized excitation state of the (not shown) coil winding and the armature 4 via the actuating member 6 generates a pressing force as an actuating force 4 in the form of a restoring spring, not shown in FIG. 1, since such a device may be designed according to the state of the art 1 to limit the return stroke of the piston 4, an end body 18 is secured to the right-hand end of the pole tube 2 by means of a flanging 16. By appropriate dimensioning of the end body 18, the stroke provided for the return stroke can be set to a desired length The pole tube 2 is connected to the pole core 10 via a weld 20 connected, which forms in a conventional manner a magnetic decoupling causing separation area. The guide 4 formed on the inside of the pole tube 2 for the armature 4 continues beyond the separation area formed by the weld 20 in a recess 22 which is circular cylindrical in the pole core 10 and has a lying in a radial plane bottom surface 24. At the weld 20, the recess 22 terminates in an edge 26, which forms a the edge of the guide surface of the armature 4 surrounding, pointed edge.
Bei der Darstellung von Fig. 1 ist an die Bodenfläche 24 in der Vertiefung 22 des Polkerns 10 eine ferromagnetische Ringscheibe 28 aus einem ferritischen Material eingelegt, die von dem stangenartigen Betätigungsteil 6 durchgriffen ist. Zwischen der Ringscheibe 28 und dem Ende des Ankers 4 ist eine Antiklebscheibe 30 üblicher Art angeordnet. Die in eingelegtem Zustand gezeigte Ringscheibe 28 weist eine verhältnismäßig geringe axiale Dicke auf. Die Fig. 1 zeigt beispielhaft eine Auswahl einlegbarer Ringscheiben 28 unterschiedlicher axialer Dicke. Die Dicke der jeweils eingelegten Ringscheibe 28 führt zu einer entsprechenden Verkürzung der axialen Län- ge des Hubraums, der für den Anker 4 bei der Bewegung in Richtung auf den Polkern 10 zur Verfügung steht. Die Modifizierung des Hubraums in dem kritischen Hubwegbereich, der sich an den magnetischen Trennbereich der Schweißstelle 20 anschließt, beeinflusst die Magnetkraft-Hubweg- Kennlinie, wie an Beispielen in den Fig. 2 und 3 gezeigt ist. In the illustration of FIG. 1, a ferromagnetic annular disc 28 made of a ferritic material is inserted on the bottom surface 24 in the recess 22 of the pole core 10, which is penetrated by the rod-like actuating part 6. Between the annular disc 28 and the end of the armature 4, an anti-stick disc 30 of the usual type is arranged. The inlaid Condition shown annular disc 28 has a relatively small axial thickness. 1 shows by way of example a selection of insertable annular discs 28 of different axial thickness. The thickness of the respectively inserted annular disc 28 leads to a corresponding shortening of the axial length of the displacement, which is available for the armature 4 during the movement in the direction of the pole core 10. The modification of the displacement in the critical stroke range, which adjoins the magnetic separation region of the weld 20, affects the magnetic force-stroke characteristic, as shown by examples in Figs. 2 and 3.
Von den Fig. 2 und 3 zeigt Fig. 2 ein Beispiel mit einer eingelegten Ringscheibe 28 geringerer Dicke, während Fig. 3 ein Beispiel mit einer Ringscheibe 28 größerer Dicke zeigt. Beim Beispiel von Fig. 2 sind in einem bezifferten F-s-Diagramm der Kennlinienverlauf ohne eingelegte Ringschei- be 28 mit 32 und mit einer eingelegten Ringscheibe 28 einer Stärke von 0,7 mm mit 34 bezeichnet. Wie ersichtlich ergibt sich bei eingelegter Ringscheibe 28 über einen hauptsächlich zu nutzenden Standardhubweg zwischen etwa 1 ,5 mm und 2,5 mm ein im Wesentlichen waagerechter Kennlinienverlauf, während die Kennlinie 32 demgegenüber hier abfallend ist. Bei dem in Fig. 3 gezeigten Beispiel mit einer eingelegten Ringscheibe 28 mit einer Dicke von 1 ,3 mm ergibt sich ein stärkerer Kraftanstieg zu einer höheren Maximalkraft bei kleinerem Hubweg, siehe Kennlinie 34. Man hat es daher in der Hand, bei Herstellung eines Polrohr-Polkern-Systems in einer Standardgröße einen gewählten Verlauf der F-s-Kennlinie zu realisieren, je nachdem, ob keine ferromagnetische Ringscheibe 28 eingelegt oder eine Ringscheibe 28 vorgegebener Dicke eingelegt ist. Bei gleicher Standardgröße ist außerdem die Hublänge des Rückhubes durch Wahl der Abmessungen des betreffenden Endkörpers 18 festlegbar. Die Fig. 4 bis 9 zeigen weitere Ausführungsbeispiele mit einer Auswahl möglicher Arten des Einbaus einer Ringscheibe 28. So ist beim Beispiel von Fig. 4 die Befestigung der Ringscheibe 28 an der Bodenfläche 24 des Polkerns 10 durch Ankleben oder Hartlöten vorgesehen. Beim Beispiel von Fig. 5 ist eine Verbindung mittels mechanischer Verformung durch eine Außenverstemmung der Ringscheibe 28 bei 36 gegen die Innenwand der Vertiefung 22 vorgesehen. Fig. 6 zeigt die Festlegung der Ringscheibe 28 mittels einer Hülse 38, die an der Innenseite von Polrohr 2 und Vertiefung 22 die Führungsfläche für den Anker 4 bildet. From Fig. 2 and 3, Fig. 2 shows an example with an inserted annular disc 28 of lesser thickness, while Fig. 3 shows an example with an annular disc 28 of greater thickness. In the example of FIG. 2, in a numbered Fs diagram, the characteristic profile without inserted annular disk 28 is designated by 32 and with an inserted annular disk 28 having a thickness of 0.7 mm by 34. As can be seen, when the annular disc 28 is inserted, a substantially horizontal characteristic curve is obtained via a standard stroke that is to be used mainly between approximately 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm, while the characteristic curve 32, in contrast, is sloping here. In the example shown in Fig. 3 with an inserted annular disc 28 with a thickness of 1, 3 mm results in a stronger increase in force to a higher maximum force with a smaller stroke, see characteristic 34. It is therefore in the hand when producing a pole tube -Polkern system in a standard size to realize a selected course of the Fs characteristic, depending on whether no ferromagnetic washer 28 is inserted or an annular disc 28 of predetermined thickness is inserted. In addition, with the same standard size, the stroke length of the return stroke can be determined by selecting the dimensions of the respective end body 18. 4 to 9 show further embodiments with a selection of possible ways of installing an annular disc 28. Thus, in the example of Fig. 4, the attachment of the annular disc 28 provided on the bottom surface 24 of the pole core 10 by gluing or brazing. In the example of FIG. 5, a connection is provided by means of mechanical deformation by external calking of the annular disc 28 at 36 against the inner wall of the recess 22. Fig. 6 shows the determination of the annular disc 28 by means of a sleeve 38 which forms the guide surface for the armature 4 on the inside of pole tube 2 and recess 22.
Beim Beispiel von Fig. 7 ist eine an der Ringscheibe 28 ausgebildete In the example of Fig. 7 is formed on the annular disc 28
Schweißgeometrie 40 als Verbindungsmittel vorgesehen, während beimWelding geometry 40 provided as a connecting means, while the
Beispiel von Fig. 8 wiederum eine mechanische Verformung vorgesehen ist, indem die Ringscheibe 28 in eine in die Bodenfläche 24 eingearbeitete Ringnut 42 hinein verstemmt ist. Schließlich zeigt die Fig. 9 ein Beispiel, bei dem eine speziell geformte Ringscheibe 28 an der vom Anker 4 abge- wandten Seite einen koaxialen, hülsenartigen Fortsatz 44 besitzt, der durch Presspassung in der Bohrung 8 des Polkerns 10 gesichert ist. Example of Fig. 8, in turn, a mechanical deformation is provided by the annular disc 28 is caulked into a machined into the bottom surface 24 annular groove 42 inside. Finally, FIG. 9 shows an example in which a specially shaped annular disc 28 on the side facing away from the armature 4 has a coaxial, sleeve-like extension 44 which is secured in the bore 8 of the pole core 10 by press-fitting.
Die Fig. 10 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem die Erfindung bei einem sog. Kompaktmagneten realisiert ist. Im Unterschied zu der Bauform, die in Fig. 1 gezeigt ist, ist der Polkern 10 im Verhältnis zu seinem Durchmesser kürzer ausgebildet und weist an dem das Anschlussteil 14 aufweisenden Ende eine flanschartige, radiale Erweiterung 48 auf. Der Endkörper 18 bildet den geschlossenen Boden eines topfartigen Gehäuses 50, das sich bis zur Erweiterung 48 des Polkerns 10 erstreckt, die das offene Ende des Top- fes verschließt. Zwischen dem Endkörper 18 und der Erweiterung 48 des Polkerns 10 umgibt das Gehäuse 50 die Spulenwicklung 52, die ihrerseits einen Großteil des Polrohres 2 und des Polkerns 10 umgibt. Bei dem in Fig. 10 gezeigten Kompaktmagneten ist der Verlauf der F-s-Kennlinie gleichermaßen durch Wahl eingebrachter ferromagnetischer Ringscheiben 28 beeinflussbar. Fig. 10 shows an embodiment in which the invention is implemented in a so-called. Compact magnet. In contrast to the design shown in FIG. 1, the pole core 10 is shorter in relation to its diameter and has a flange-like, radial extension 48 at the end having the connection part 14. The end body 18 forms the closed bottom of a pot-like housing 50, which extends to the extension 48 of the pole core 10, which closes the open end of the cup. Between the end body 18 and the extension 48 of the pole core 10, the housing 50 surrounds the coil winding 52, which in turn surrounds a large part of the pole tube 2 and the pole core 10. In the case of the compact magnet shown in FIG. 10, the profile of the F-s characteristic can likewise be influenced by selecting ferromagnetic annular disks 28 introduced.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e  P a n t a n s p r e c h e
Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung, insbesondere Proportionalmagnet oder Schaltmagnet, mit einem Magnetanker (4), der in einem von einer Spulenwicklung zumindest teilweise umgebenen Polrohr (2) axial bewegbar geführt ist, an das sich über einen eine magnetische Entkopplung bildenden Trennbereich (20) ein Polkern (10) anschließt, wobei bei Bestromung der Spulenwicklung (52) am Anker (4) eine Magnetkraft wirkt, die diesen innerhalb eines Hubraums in Richtung auf den Polkern (10) zu bewegen sucht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für eine gewünschte Verkürzung der axialen Länge des Hubraumes mindestens eine Einlage (28) aus ferromagne- tischem Material vorgegebener axialer Dicke zwischen den Anker (4) und dem Polkern (10) einbringbar ist. Electromagnetic actuating device, in particular proportional magnet or switching magnet, with a magnet armature (4) which is axially movably guided in a pole tube (2) at least partially surrounded by a coil winding, to which a pole core (10) forms via a separating region (20) forming a magnetic decoupling ), wherein upon energization of the coil winding (52) on the armature (4) acts a magnetic force, which seeks to move within a displacement in the direction of the pole core (10), characterized in that for a desired shortening of the axial length of the displacement at least one insert (28) of ferromagnetic material of predetermined axial thickness between the armature (4) and the pole core (10) can be introduced.
Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der sich an den Trennbereich (20) des Polrohres (2) anschließende Teil des Hubraums durch eine Vertiefung (22) im Polkern (10) gebildet ist, die die vom Polrohr (2) gebildete Führung des Ankers (4) fortsetzt und am Trennbereich (20) in einem eine Kante (26) bildenden Rand endet, und dass die jeweilige Einlage (28) an die Bodenfläche (24) der Vertiefung (22) des Polkerns (10) anlegbar ist. Electromagnetic actuator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the part of the displacement which adjoins the separation region (20) of the pole tube (2) is formed by a depression (22) in the pole core (10) which guides the pole tube (2) the armature (4) continues and ends at the separation area (20) in an edge (26) forming edge, and that the respective insert (28) on the bottom surface (24) of the recess (22) of the pole core (10) can be applied.
Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die jeweilige Einlage (28) an der Bodenfläche (24) der Vertiefung (22) festlegbar ist. Electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the respective insert (28) on the bottom surface (24) of the recess (22) can be fixed.
Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Anker (4) ein stangenartiges Betätigungsteil (6) aufweist und dass als jeweilige Ein- läge eine das Betätigungsteil (6) umgebende, ferromagnetische Ringscheibe (28) gewählter Dicke vorgesehen ist. Electromagnetic actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature (4) has a rod-like actuating part (6) and that as respective input a ferromagnetic annular disc (28) of selected thickness would be provided surrounding the actuating part (6).
5. Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorste- henden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der fer- romagnetischen Ringscheibe (28) und dem Anker (4) eine Antiklebscheibe (30) angeordnet ist. 5. Electromagnetic actuator according to one of the vorste- henden claims, characterized in that between the ferromagnetic annular disc (28) and the armature (4) an anti-sticking disc (30) is arranged.
6. Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorste- henden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem vom Polkern (10) abgewandten Ende des Polrohres (2) ein Endkörper (18) angebracht ist, der für den Anker (4) eine Hubwegbegrenzung bildet. 6. Electromagnetic actuator according to one of the vorste- henden claims, characterized in that at the end facing away from the pole core (10) of the pole tube (2) an end body (18) is mounted, which forms a Hubwegbegrenzung for the armature (4).
7. Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorste- henden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die jeweilige ferromagnetische Ringscheibe (28) am Polkern (10) durch Kleben oder Löten festgelegt ist. 7. Electromagnetic actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective ferromagnetic annular disc (28) on the pole core (10) is fixed by gluing or soldering.
8. Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorste- henden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die jeweilige ferromagnetische Ringscheibe (28) durch Verstemmen (36, 42) am Polkern (10) festgelegt ist. 8. Electromagnetic actuator according to one of the vorste- henden claims, characterized in that the respective ferromagnetic annular disc (28) by caulking (36, 42) on the pole core (10) is fixed.
9. Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die jeweilige ferromagnetische Ringscheibe (28) mittels einer ihren Umfangsrand einfassenden Hülse (38) festgelegt ist, die außenseitig an einer Innenfläche am Polrohr (2) und am Polkern (10) festgelegt ist. 10. Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die jeweilige ferromagnetische Ringscheibe (28) mittels einer zwischen deren Um- fangsrand und der Bodenfläche (24) des Polkerns (10) gebildeten Schweißstelle (40) festgelegt ist. Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorste- henden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die jeweilige fer- romagnetische Ringscheibe (28) an der vom Anker (4) abgewandten Seite einen koaxialen, hülsenartigen Fortsatz (44) besitzt, der durch Presspassung in einer Bohrung (8) des Polkerns (10) gesichert ist, die vom stangenartigen Betätigungsteil (6) des Ankers (4) durchgriffen ist 9. Electromagnetic actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective ferromagnetic annular disc (28) by means of a peripheral edge enclosing sleeve (38) is fixed on the outside on an inner surface on the pole tube (2) and the pole core (10) is. 10. Electromagnetic actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective ferromagnetic annular disc (28) by means of a between the Um- and the bottom surface (24) of the pole core (10) formed welding point (40) is fixed. Electromagnetic actuation device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective ferromagnetic annular disk (28) on the side remote from the armature (4) has a coaxial, sleeve-like extension (44) which is press-fitted in a bore (8 ) of the pole core (10), which is penetrated by the rod-like actuating part (6) of the armature (4)
EP14733993.1A 2013-06-28 2014-06-14 Electromagnetic actuator Active EP3014635B1 (en)

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US20160118174A1 (en) 2016-04-28
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US9941042B2 (en) 2018-04-10
WO2014206537A1 (en) 2014-12-31

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