WO2010106009A1 - Device for thermal treatment, in particular thermal decomposition of waste oil mixtures - Google Patents

Device for thermal treatment, in particular thermal decomposition of waste oil mixtures Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010106009A1
WO2010106009A1 PCT/EP2010/053262 EP2010053262W WO2010106009A1 WO 2010106009 A1 WO2010106009 A1 WO 2010106009A1 EP 2010053262 W EP2010053262 W EP 2010053262W WO 2010106009 A1 WO2010106009 A1 WO 2010106009A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
container
waste oil
tools
oil mixture
stirring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/053262
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Werner Anlauf
Original Assignee
Vit Environmentsystems Ag
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2010106009A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010106009A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
    • B01J19/20—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside in the form of helices, e.g. screw reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/114—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections
    • B01F27/1141—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections having holes in the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/92—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws
    • B01F27/922—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws with two or more helices, e.g. with intermeshing helices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/002—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal in combination with oil conversion- or refining processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/02—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
    • B01J2219/00027—Process aspects
    • B01J2219/0004—Processes in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00132—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
    • B01J2219/00135—Electric resistance heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00182—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the level of reactants in the reactor vessel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/18—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor
    • B01J2219/185—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor vertical

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for thermal treatment, in particular thermolysis of waste oil mixtures or of waste oil miscible, recyclable fatty wastes and residues in liquid or pasty state as well as shredded plastics of the polyolefin type.
  • the waste oil to be processed is heated until individual fractions evaporate.
  • the waste oil is worked up hitzt ER successively in two or three steps at 150 0 C, about 380 0 C and about 550 0 C.
  • the fractions passing into the gas phase are subsequently condensed, so that recycling products are formed which can be reused.
  • thermolysis For an energy-optimized and with regard to their throughput and efficiency efficient thermolysis, among other things, it is necessary that the heated mixture has no appreciable temperature gradient This in turn requires homogeneous mixing of the mixture to be treated in a reactor or housing.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus for thermal treatment, in particular thermolysis of waste oil mixture.
  • the invention provides a device for thermal treatment, in particular Thermoiyse of waste oil mixtures or miscible with waste oil, recyclable recyclables or waste materials, asphalts, tars or oily and greasy wastes and residues in the liquid or pasty state and of shredded plastics of the polyolefin type, proposed, wherein the device is provided with a heatable container for receiving the waste oil mixture up to a predetermined full height and with a bottom and with a gas cavities and a lid above the filling level, wherein the container has an inlet for a waste oil mixture to be thermally treated and a gas outlet for gas phase fractions of the waste oil mixture, at least two in the use of the container container arranged vertically rotatably mounted Ruhrtechnikmaschinen, each of which a shaft with a helical coil wherein the coils of adjacent agitating tools partially engage and are arranged in the container such that their coils extend from the bottom of the container to beyond the filling level, the container having a peripheral wall with a substantially outer
  • surprisingly good mixing conditions are achieved in a container when the container with at least two upright agitators is provided, each having a Weüe with a helical spiral extending around the shaft.
  • This stirring tool arrangement is surrounded by a container whose container wall follows on its inside the outer contour of the arrangement of the stirring tools.
  • the container can be heated and filled with used oil mixture up to a predefinable filling level.
  • the spirals of the stirring tools preferably project beyond the filling level.
  • Upon rotation of the Wendein these transport the liquid waste oil mixture in the container preferably to form a flow, which expediently runs in a circle.
  • the protruding from the waste oil mixture sections of the coils add to an increase in surface area, which is advantageous in terms of the transition of individual fractions of the waste oil mixture in the gas phase.
  • the spirals of the Ruhr tools partly engage in one another, so that flows between the phases of the mixtures resulting in a mixture of waste oil mixture also result.
  • the helices of the stirring tools have perforations that can be formed the same or different sizes. These perforations cause further turbulence in the rotation of the stirring tools, which contributes to the improvement of the flow.
  • the helices of the stirring tools can also have a turbulence-generating surface structure.
  • the stirring tools can be driven in such a way and / or the spirals of the stirring tools run in such a way that the spirals rotate in the same direction or in opposite directions upon rotation of the shafts of the stirring tools.
  • the pitch of the helices of the stirring tools are the same or different than the pitch of the helix of a stirring tool to one integer multiple is greater than the pitch of the helix of the other stirring tool.
  • the waves of the stirring tools are suspended from the ceiling of the container and guided on the ground to prevent lateral movements.
  • the container to temperatures between 100 0 C and 600 0 C, in particular to about 150 0 C, 380 0 C or 550 0 C is heatable.
  • the inlet opens above or below the full height in the container.
  • At least two containers are arranged in series one behind the other and in fluid communication with each other, wherein a first of two adjacent containers connected in series performs a run for the further thermal treatment next, second container to be supplied waste oil mixture and wherein the outlet of the respective first container is connected to the inlet of the respective second, second container by a connecting pipe
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a reactor for the treatment of waste oil
  • 2 shows a section along the line H-II of FIG. 1 through the drive unit for the stirring tools of the reactor,
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a reactor for the treatment of waste oil
  • FIG. 4 shows a side view, partially broken away, of the reactor according to FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 1 shows in perspective from above a reactor 10 for thermal treatment, in particular thermolysis of waste oil mixtures.
  • the reactor 10 has a heatable container 12 for receiving the waste oil mixture to be treated, in which two agitators 14 (see also FIGS. 3 and 4) are arranged vertically.
  • Each Ruhrwerk 14 has a rotatably drivable shaft 16, which of a helical turn! 18 is surrounded.
  • the helices 18 of both agitating tools 14 overlap one another, i. partially protrude into each other.
  • the container 12 has a lid or a top wall 20 and a bottom wall 22, which comprises two adjacent funnel-shaped regions 24, in which the lower ends 26 of the two coils 18 dip.
  • the filling level of the waste oil mixture within the container 12 is shown at 38. Above the filling level 38 is located in the wall of the container, an outlet opening as a gas outlet 40 for the transferred to the gas phase fractions of the waste oil mixture.
  • the container 12 in this exemplary embodiment, two feeds 42,44 for reprocessed waste oil mixture, which is preferably introduced preheated in the container 12. One of both Inlets are arranged below the feet height 38, while the other inlet 42 is above the full height 38.
  • At the bottom end of the container 12 is another outlet 46, which serves to drain the still after a thermal treatment in the container 12 Aitöl- mixture. This waste oil mixture can then be transferred to another reactor in which the Aitöl mixture is heated to a different (namely higher) temperature in order to convert further fractions in the gas phase.
  • Several (at least two) of the above-described reactors may be connected in series, with the outlet 46 of one reactor being connected to one of the inlets 42, 44 of the other reactor through a connection line. If necessary, a filter unit can also be located in this connection line.
  • the coils 18 have perforations in the form of holes 48. These holes can be aligned with one another as viewed from turn to turn; but they can also be offset from each other and in particular be arranged arbitrarily. In particular, it is not necessary that the holes 48 are the same size. Conveniently, the holes are different in size * They serve as the rotation of the coils of the swirling of the waste oil mixture in the container 12 with the aim of a homogeneous and intensive mixing, which ensures that the waste oil mixture considered over the entire volume approximately equal having high temperature, the temperature gradient within the container 12 is thus as low as possible.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the thermal treatment, in particular thermal decomposition, of waste oil mixtures or of recyclable fractions that can be mixed with waste oil or waste material, asphalts, tars or of wastes and residual materials comprising oil and fat in a fluid or paste-like state and shredded plastics of the type polyolefin, having a container (12) that can be heated for accommodating the waste oil mixture up to a specified filling height (38) and having a floor and a gas chamber and a cover above the filling height (38), wherein the container (12) has an inlet for a waste oil mixture to be thermally treated and a gas outlet (40) for the fractions of the waste oil mixture transferred in the gas phase. The device according to the invention furthermore has at least two agitation tools (14), arranged vertically in the usage position of the container (12) and mounted in a rotating manner therein, each having a shaft (16) having a helical line-shaped coil (18). The coils (18) of neighboring agitation tools (14) partially engage into one another and are arranged in the container (12) such that the coils (18) thereof extend from the floor of the container (12) to over the filling height (38), wherein the container (12) has a circumferential wall having a curved inner side substantially following the outer contour of the arrangement of coils (18) of the agitation tools (14). The device according to the invention furthermore has a drive unit for driving the shafts (16) of the agitation tools (14) in a rotating manner.

Description

Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung, insbesondere Thermolyse von Altöl-Gemischen Apparatus for thermal treatment, in particular thermolysis of waste oil mixtures
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung, insbesondere Thermolyse von Altöl-Gemischen oder von mit Altöl mischbaren, recycel- fähigen fetthaltigen Abfällen und Reststoffen in flüssigem oder pastösem Zustand sowie von geschredderten Kunststoffen des Typs Polyolefine.The invention relates to a device for thermal treatment, in particular thermolysis of waste oil mixtures or of waste oil miscible, recyclable fatty wastes and residues in liquid or pasty state as well as shredded plastics of the polyolefin type.
Vorrichtungen zur thermischen Behandlung von Altöl-Gemischen oder von mit Altöl mischbaren, recycelfähigen Werkstoffen oder Abfai Istoffen, Asphalte, Teere oder von öl- und fetthaltigen Abfällen und Reststoffen in flüssigem oder pastösem Zustand sowie von geschreddertem Kunststoff wie beispielsweise Polyolefine sind im Stand der Technik grundsätzlich bekannt und beispielsweise in den folgenden Schriften beschrieben: WO-A-2006/092306, WO-A- 2007/098949, WOA-2007/098948, EP-A-I 594 916, EP-A-I 841 837, US-B-7 285 186, DE-A-34 33 336, DE-B-197 08 384, DE-A-198 37 276, DE-A-198 37 277, DE-B-IO 2005 010 151, DE-U-299 21 445, DE-U-20 2006 003 429 und DE-U-20 2006 003 430.Devices for the thermal treatment of waste oil mixtures or waste oil miscible, recyclable materials or Abfai Istoffen, asphalts, tars or oily and greasy wastes and residues in liquid or pasty state and shredded plastic such as polyolefins are in the prior art in principle WO-A-2006/092306, WO-A-2007/098949, WO-A-2007/098948, EP-A-0 594 916, EP-A-841 837, US-A-7 285 186 DE-A-34 33 336, DE-B-197 08 384, DE-A-198 37 276, DE-A-198 37 277, DE-B-IO 2005 010 151, DE-U-299 21 445, DE-U-20 2006 003 429 and DE-U-20 2006 003 430.
Bei der Altöl-Aufbereitung wird das aufzuarbeitende Altöl erhitzt, bis einzelne Fraktionen verdampfen. Typischerweise wird das aufzuarbeitende Altöl nacheinander in zwei bis drei Stufen auf ca. 150 0C, ca. 380 0C und ca, 550 0C er- hitzt. Die dabei in die Gasphase übergehenden Fraktionen werden anschließenden kondensiert, so dass Recycliπgprodukte entstehen, die wieder verwendet werden können.During waste oil treatment, the waste oil to be processed is heated until individual fractions evaporate. Typically, the waste oil is worked up hitzt ER successively in two or three steps at 150 0 C, about 380 0 C and about 550 0 C. The fractions passing into the gas phase are subsequently condensed, so that recycling products are formed which can be reused.
Für eine energieoptimierte und bezüglich ihres Durchsatzes und Wirkungsgra- des effiziente Thermolyse ist es unter anderem erforderlich, dass das erwärmte Gemisch über keinen nennenswerten Temperaturgradienten verfügt Das wiederum setzt eine homogene Durchmischung des zu behandelnden Gemisches in einem Reaktor bzw, Gehäuse voraus.For an energy-optimized and with regard to their throughput and efficiency efficient thermolysis, among other things, it is necessary that the heated mixture has no appreciable temperature gradient This in turn requires homogeneous mixing of the mixture to be treated in a reactor or housing.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine verbesserte Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung, insbesondere Thermolyse von Altöl-Gemisch anzugeben.The object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus for thermal treatment, in particular thermolysis of waste oil mixture.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird mit der Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung, insbesondere Thermoiyse von Altöl-Gemischen oder von mit Altöl mischbaren, recycelfähigen Wertstoffen oder Abfallstoffen, Asphatte, Teere oder von öl- und fetthaltigen Abfällen und Reststoffen in flüssigem oder pastösem Zustand sowie von geschredderten Kunststoffen des Typs Polyolefin, vorgeschlagen, wobei die Vorrichtung versehen ist mit einem beheizbaren Behälter zur Aufnahme des Altöl-Gemisches bis zu einer vorgebbaren Fullhöhe und mit einem Boden sowie mit einem Gas- räum und einem Deckel oberhalb der Füllhöhe, wobei der Behälter einen Zulauf für ein thermisch zu behandelndes Altöl- Gemisch und einen Gasauslass für in die Gasphase überführte Fraktionen des Altöl-Gemisches aufweist, mindestens zwei in der Gebrauchsiage des Behälters senkrecht in diesem angeordneten, drehbar gelagerten Ruhrwerkzeugen, von denen jedes eine Welle mit einer schraubenlinienförmigen Wendel aufweist, wobei die Wendeln benachbarter Rührwerkzeuge teilweise ineinander greifen und derart in dem Behälter angeordnet sind, dass ihre Wendeln sich ausgehend vom Boden des Behälters bis über die Füllhöhe hinaus erstrecken, wobei der Behälter eine Umfangswandung mit einer im Wesentlichen der Außenkontur der Anordnung der Wendeln der Rührwerkzeuge folgenden gekrümmte Innenseite aufweist und einer Antriebseinheit zum drehenden Antreiben der Weilen der Ruhrwerk- zeuge.To achieve this object, the invention provides a device for thermal treatment, in particular Thermoiyse of waste oil mixtures or miscible with waste oil, recyclable recyclables or waste materials, asphalts, tars or oily and greasy wastes and residues in the liquid or pasty state and of shredded plastics of the polyolefin type, proposed, wherein the device is provided with a heatable container for receiving the waste oil mixture up to a predetermined full height and with a bottom and with a gas cavities and a lid above the filling level, wherein the container has an inlet for a waste oil mixture to be thermally treated and a gas outlet for gas phase fractions of the waste oil mixture, at least two in the use of the container container arranged vertically rotatably mounted Ruhrwerkzeugen, each of which a shaft with a helical coil wherein the coils of adjacent agitating tools partially engage and are arranged in the container such that their coils extend from the bottom of the container to beyond the filling level, the container having a peripheral wall with a substantially outer contour of the arrangement of the coils Stirring tools following curved inside and has a drive unit for rotating driving the parts of the Ruhrwerk- witness.
Wie sich durch Versuche herausgestellt hat, werden überraschenderweise gute Durchmischungsverhältnisse in einem Behälter erzielt, wenn der Behälter mit mindestens zwei aufrechtstehenden Rührwerken versehen ist, die jeweils eine Weüe mit einer schraubenlinienförmig um die Welle verlaufenden Wendel aufweisen. Diese Rührwerkzeuganordnung ist von einem Behälter umgeben, dessen Behälterwand auf seiner Innenseite der Außenkontur der Anordnung der Rührwerkzeuge folgt. Der Behälter ist beheizbar und bis zu einer vorgebbaren Füllhöhe mit Altöl-Gemisch befüllbar, Die Wendeln der Rührwerkzeuge ragen vorzugsweise über die Füllhöhe hinaus. Bei Drehung der Wendein transportieren diese das flüssige Altöl-Gemisch in dem Behälter vorzugsweise unter Bildung einer Strömung, die zweckmäßigerweise im Kreis verläuft. Die aus dem Altöl-Gemisch herausragenden Abschnitte der Wendeln fügen zu einer Vergrößerung der Oberfläche, was vorteilhaft im Hinblick auf den Übergang einzelner Fraktionen des Altöl-Gemisches in die Gasphase ist. Zweckmäßigerweise greifen die Wendeln der Ruhrwerkzeuge teilweise ineinander, so dass sich auch zwischen den Weilen der durch Mischung Altöl-Gemisches förderliche Strö- mungen ergeben.As has been found by experiments, surprisingly good mixing conditions are achieved in a container when the container with at least two upright agitators is provided, each having a Weüe with a helical spiral extending around the shaft. This stirring tool arrangement is surrounded by a container whose container wall follows on its inside the outer contour of the arrangement of the stirring tools. The container can be heated and filled with used oil mixture up to a predefinable filling level. The spirals of the stirring tools preferably project beyond the filling level. Upon rotation of the Wendein these transport the liquid waste oil mixture in the container preferably to form a flow, which expediently runs in a circle. The protruding from the waste oil mixture sections of the coils add to an increase in surface area, which is advantageous in terms of the transition of individual fractions of the waste oil mixture in the gas phase. Expediently, the spirals of the Ruhr tools partly engage in one another, so that flows between the phases of the mixtures resulting in a mixture of waste oil mixture also result.
In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen ist, dass die Wendeln der Rührwerkzeuge Perforationen aufweisen, die gleich oder unterschiedlich groß ausgebildet sein können. Diese Perforationen verursachen weitere Turbulenzen bei der Rotation der Rührwerkzeuge, was zur Verbesserung der Durchströmung beiträgt. Anstelle von Perforationen oder zusätzlich zu diesen können die Wendeln der Rührwerkzeuge auch eine Turbulenzen erzeugende Oberflächenstruktur aufweisen.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the helices of the stirring tools have perforations that can be formed the same or different sizes. These perforations cause further turbulence in the rotation of the stirring tools, which contributes to the improvement of the flow. Instead of or in addition to perforations, the helices of the stirring tools can also have a turbulence-generating surface structure.
In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Rührwerkzeuge derart antreibbar und/oder die Wendeln der Rührwerkzeuge derart verlaufen, dass sich die Wendeln bei Drehung der Wellen der Rührwerkzeuge gleichsinnig oder gegensinnig drehen,In an advantageous development of the invention, it is provided that the stirring tools can be driven in such a way and / or the spirals of the stirring tools run in such a way that the spirals rotate in the same direction or in opposite directions upon rotation of the shafts of the stirring tools.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Steigung der Wendeln der Rührwerkzeuge gleich oder insoweit unterschiedlich sind als die Steigung der Wendel des einen Rührwerkzeuges um ein ganzzahliges Vielfaches größer ist als die Steigung der Wendel des anderen Rührwerkzeuges.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the pitch of the helices of the stirring tools are the same or different than the pitch of the helix of a stirring tool to one integer multiple is greater than the pitch of the helix of the other stirring tool.
In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Wellen der Rührwerkzeuge an der Decke des Behälters hängend gelagert und am Boden zur Verhinderung seitlicher Bewegungen geführt sind.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the waves of the stirring tools are suspended from the ceiling of the container and guided on the ground to prevent lateral movements.
Ferner ist gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der Behälter auf Temperaturen zwischen 100 0C und 600 0C, insbeson- dere auf in etwa 150 0C, 380 0C oder 550 0C aufheizbar ist.It is further provided according to an advantageous development of the invention that the container to temperatures between 100 0 C and 600 0 C, in particular to about 150 0 C, 380 0 C or 550 0 C is heatable.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der Zulauf oberhalb oder unterhalb der Fullhöhe in den Behälter mündet.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the inlet opens above or below the full height in the container.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass mindestens zwei Behälter mit jeweils mindestens zwei ineinander greifenden Rührwerkzeugen in Reihe hintereinander geschaltet angeordnet sind und untereinander in Fluidverbindung stehen, wobei ein erster von jeweils zwei benachbarten in Reihe geschalteten Behäl- tern einen Abiauf für das zur weiteren thermischen Behandlung dem jeweils nächsten, zweiten Behälter zuzuführende Altöl-Gemisch aufweist und wobei der Ablauf des jeweils ersten Behälters mit dem Zulauf des jeweils nächsten, zweiten Behälters durch eine Verbindungsrohrleitung verbunden istAccording to the invention, at least two containers, each with at least two intermeshing stirrers, are arranged in series one behind the other and in fluid communication with each other, wherein a first of two adjacent containers connected in series performs a run for the further thermal treatment next, second container to be supplied waste oil mixture and wherein the outlet of the respective first container is connected to the inlet of the respective second, second container by a connecting pipe
In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass in der Verbindungsrohrleitung eine FÜtereinheit angeordnet ist.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that in the connecting pipe a FÜtereinheit is arranged.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf ein Ausführungsbeispiel und die Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigen dabei:The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment and the drawings. In detail, they show:
Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Reaktors zur Aufbereitung von Altöl, Fig. 2 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie H-II der Fig. 1 durch die Aπtriebsein- heit für die Rührwerkzeuge des Reaktors,1 is a perspective view of a reactor for the treatment of waste oil, 2 shows a section along the line H-II of FIG. 1 through the drive unit for the stirring tools of the reactor, FIG.
Fig, 3 einen Schnitt durch den Reaktorbehälter entlang der Linie ITI-III der Fig. 1 und3, a section through the reactor vessel along the line ITI-III of Fig. 1 and
Fig. 4 eine Seitenansicht, teilweise aufgebrochen, des Reaktors gemäß Fig. 1.4 shows a side view, partially broken away, of the reactor according to FIG. 1.
Fig. 1 zeigt perspektivisch von oben einen Reaktor 10 zur thermischen Behandlung, insbesondere Thermolyse von Altöl-Gemischen. Der Reaktor 10 weist einen beheizbaren Behälter 12 zur Aufnahme des zu behandelnden Altöl- Gemisches auf, in dem zwei Rührwerke 14 (siehe auch die Fign. 3 und 4) vertikal stehend angeordnet sind. Jedes Ruhrwerk 14 weist eine drehend antreib- bare Welle 16 auf, die von einer schraubenlinienförmigen Wende! 18 umgeben ist. Die Wendeln 18 beider Rührwerkzeuge 14 überlappen einander, d.h. ragen teilweise ineinander. Der Behälter 12 weist einen Deckel bzw. eine Deckwand 20 und eine Bodenwand 22 auf, die zwei nebeneinander liegende trichterförmige Bereiche 24 umfasst, in die die unteren Enden 26 der beiden Wendeln 18 eintauchen. In die kegelförmigen Bereiche 24 ragen zwei Lager- bzw. Füh- rungseϊnheiteπ 26 hinein, die der Führung der Wellen 16 dienen. Die Wellen 16 sind an der Deckwand 20 bzw. oberhalb dieses hängend drehbar gelagert (siehe die Lager 28) und weisen jeweils ein Antriebsritzel oder -zahnrad 30 auf, die über einen Kettentrieb 32,34 von einer Antriebseinheit 36 angetrieben werden. Auf diese Weise rotieren also die beiden Rührwerkzeuge 14 gleichsinnig innerhalb des Behälters 12.Fig. 1 shows in perspective from above a reactor 10 for thermal treatment, in particular thermolysis of waste oil mixtures. The reactor 10 has a heatable container 12 for receiving the waste oil mixture to be treated, in which two agitators 14 (see also FIGS. 3 and 4) are arranged vertically. Each Ruhrwerk 14 has a rotatably drivable shaft 16, which of a helical turn! 18 is surrounded. The helices 18 of both agitating tools 14 overlap one another, i. partially protrude into each other. The container 12 has a lid or a top wall 20 and a bottom wall 22, which comprises two adjacent funnel-shaped regions 24, in which the lower ends 26 of the two coils 18 dip. In the conical regions 24 protrude two bearing or Führungsseϊnheiteπ 26, which serve to guide the shafts 16. The shafts 16 are rotatably mounted on the top wall 20 or above this hanging (see the bearings 28) and each have a drive pinion or gear 30 which are driven by a drive unit 36 via a chain drive 32,34. In this way, so the two stirring tools 14 rotate in the same direction within the container 12th
In Fig. 4 ist bei 38 die Füllhöhe des Altöl-Gemisches innerhalb des Behälters 12 gezeigt. Oberhalb der Füllhöhe 38 befindet sich in der Wand des Behälters eine Auslassöffnung als Gasauslass 40 für die in die Gasphase überführten Fraktionen des Altöl-Gemisches. Ferner weist der Behälter 12 in diesem Ausfuhrungsbeispiel zwei Zuläufe 42,44 für aufzubereitendes Altöl-Gemisch auf, das vorzugsweise vorgewärmt in den Behälter 12 eingebracht wird. Einer der beiden Zuläufe ist dabei unterhalb der Füühöhe 38 angeordnet, während sich der andere Zulauf 42 oberhalb der Fullhöhe 38 befindet. Am bodenseitigen Ende des Behälters 12 befindet sich ein weiterer Auslass 46, der dem Ablassen des nach einer thermischen Behandlung noch im Behälter 12 befindlichen Aitöl- Gemisches dient. Dieses Altöl-Gemisch kann dann in einen weiteren Reaktor überführt werden, in dem das Aitöl-Gemisch auf eine andere (nämlich höhere) Temperatur erhitzt wird, um weitere Fraktionen in die Gasphase zu überführen.In Fig. 4, the filling level of the waste oil mixture within the container 12 is shown at 38. Above the filling level 38 is located in the wall of the container, an outlet opening as a gas outlet 40 for the transferred to the gas phase fractions of the waste oil mixture. Further, the container 12 in this exemplary embodiment, two feeds 42,44 for reprocessed waste oil mixture, which is preferably introduced preheated in the container 12. One of both Inlets are arranged below the feet height 38, while the other inlet 42 is above the full height 38. At the bottom end of the container 12 is another outlet 46, which serves to drain the still after a thermal treatment in the container 12 Aitöl- mixture. This waste oil mixture can then be transferred to another reactor in which the Aitöl mixture is heated to a different (namely higher) temperature in order to convert further fractions in the gas phase.
Mehrere (mindestens zwei) der zuvor beschriebenen Reaktoren können hintereinander geschaltet sein, wobei der Auslass 46 des einen Reaktors mit einem der Einlasse 42,44 des anderen Reaktors durch eine Verbindungsleitung verbunden ist. In dieser Verbindungsleitung kann sich gegebenenfaiis auch eine Filtereinheit befinden.Several (at least two) of the above-described reactors may be connected in series, with the outlet 46 of one reactor being connected to one of the inlets 42, 44 of the other reactor through a connection line. If necessary, a filter unit can also be located in this connection line.
Der mehrstufige Prozess der Altöl-Aufbereitung mit einer Erhitzung des Alt- Gemisches auf Werte von um die 150 0C bzw. um die 380 0C bzw. höchstenfalls um die 550 0C ist an sich bekannt und soii hier nicht näher beschrieben werden. Ferner ist bekannt, weiche Fraktionen in den einzelnen Temperatur- bereichen destilliert werden können.The multi-stage process of waste oil treatment with a heating of the old mixture to values of around 150 0 C or around 380 0 C or at most around 550 0 C is known per se and soii will not be described here. It is also known that soft fractions can be distilled in the individual temperature ranges.
Wie anhand der Fign, 3 und 4 zu erkennen ist, weisen die Wendeln 18 Perforationen in Form von Löchern 48 auf. Diese Löcher können von Windung zu Windung betrachtet miteinander fluchten; sie können aber auch gegeneinander versetzt und insbesondere willkürlich angeordnet sein. Insbesondere ist es nicht erforderlich, dass die Löcher 48 gleich groß sind. Zweckmäßigerweise sind die Löcher unterschiedlich groß* Sie dienen, wie die Rotation der Wendeln der Verwirbelung des Altöl-Gemisches in dem Behälter 12 mit dem Ziel einer homogenen und intensiven Durchmischung, was gewährleistet, dass das Altöl- Gemisch über das ganze Volumen betrachtet annähernd eine gleich große Temperatur aufweist, der Temperaturgradient innerhalb des Behälters 12 also so gering wie möglich ist. As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, the coils 18 have perforations in the form of holes 48. These holes can be aligned with one another as viewed from turn to turn; but they can also be offset from each other and in particular be arranged arbitrarily. In particular, it is not necessary that the holes 48 are the same size. Conveniently, the holes are different in size * They serve as the rotation of the coils of the swirling of the waste oil mixture in the container 12 with the aim of a homogeneous and intensive mixing, which ensures that the waste oil mixture considered over the entire volume approximately equal having high temperature, the temperature gradient within the container 12 is thus as low as possible.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung, insbesondere Thermolyse von Altöl-Gemischen oder von mit Altöl mischbaren, recycelfähigen Wertstof- fen oder Abfallstoffen, Asphalte, Teere oder von öl- und fetthaltigen Abfällen und Reststoffen in flussigem oder pastösem Zustand sowie von geschredderten Kunststoffen des Typs Polyolefin, mit einem beheizbaren Behälter (12) zur Aufnahme des Altöl-Gemisches bis zu einer vorgebbaren Füllhöhe (38) und mit einem Boden sowie mit einem Gasraum und einem Deckel oberhalb der Füllhöhe (38), wobei der Behälter (12) einen Zulauf für ein thermisch zu behandelndes Altöl-Gemisch und einen Gasauslass (40) für in die Gasphase überführte Fraktionen des Altöl-Gemisches aufweist, mindestens zwei in der Gebrauchslage des Behälters (12) senkrecht in diesem angeordneten, drehbar gelagerten Ruhrwerkzeugen (14), von denen jedes eine Welle (16) mit einer schraubenlinienförmigen Wendel (18) aufweist, wobei die Wendeln (18) benachbarter Rührwerkzeuge (14) teilweise ineinander greifen und derart in dem Behälter (12) angeordnet sind, dass ihre Wendeln (18) sich ausgehend vom Boden des Behälters (12) bis über die Fύilhöhe (38) hinaus erstrecken, wobei der Behäiter (12) eine Umfangswandung mit einer im Wesentlichen der Außenkontur der Anordnung der Wendeln (18) der Rührwerkzeuge (14) folgenden gekrümmte Innenseite aufweist und einer Antriebseinheit zum drehenden Antreiben der Wellen (16) der Ruhrwerkzeuge (14).1. A device for thermal treatment, in particular thermolysis of waste oil mixtures or waste oil miscible, recyclable recyclables or waste materials, asphalts, tars or oily and greasy wastes and residues in a liquid or pasty state and shredded plastics of the polyolefin type , with a heatable container (12) for receiving the waste oil mixture up to a predetermined level (38) and with a bottom and with a gas space and a lid above the level (38), wherein the container (12) has an inlet for a thermally treated waste oil mixture and a gas outlet (40) for transferred into the gas phase fractions of the waste oil mixture, at least two in the position of use of the container (12) arranged vertically in this rotatably mounted Ruhrwerkzeugen (14), each of which a Shaft (16) with a helical coil (18), wherein the coils (18) adjacent stirring tool e (14) are partially engaged and disposed in the container (12) such that their coils (18) extend beyond the bottom of the container (12) beyond the level (38), the container (12) extending Peripheral wall having a substantially the outer contour of the arrangement of the helices (18) of the stirring tools (14) following curved inside and a drive unit for rotationally driving the shafts (16) of the Ruhr tools (14).
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wendeln (18) der Ruhrwerkzeuge (14) Perforationen aufweisen,2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the helices (18) of the Ruhr tools (14) have perforations,
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rührwerkzeuge (14) derart antreibbar und/oder die Wendeln (18) der Rührwerkzeuge (14) derart verlaufen, dass sich die Wendeln (18) bei Drehung der Wellen (16) der Rührwerkzeuge (14) gleichsinnig oder gegensinnig drehen.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the stirring tools (14) driven in such a way and / or the helices (18) of the stirring tools (14) extend such that the helices (18) at Turn the shafts (16) of the stirring tools (14) in the same direction or in opposite directions.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steigung der Wendein (18) der Rührwerkzeuge (14) gleich oder insoweit unterschiedlich sind als die Steigung der Wendel (18) des einen Rührwerkzeuges (14) um ein ganzzahüges Vielfaches größer ist als die Steigung der Wendel (18) des anderen Rührwerkzeuges (14),4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the slope of the turning (18) of the stirring tools (14) are equal or different than the pitch of the helix (18) of a stirring tool (14) by a ganzzahuges multiple is greater than the pitch of the helix (18) of the other stirring tool (14),
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wellen (16) der Rührwerkzeuge (14) an der Decke des Behälters (12) hängend gelagert und am Boden zur Verhinderung seitlicher Bewegungen geführt sind,5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the shafts (16) of the stirring tools (14) are suspended from the ceiling of the container (12) and guided on the ground to prevent lateral movements,
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Behälter (12) auf Temperaturen zwischen 100 0C und 600 0C, insbesondere auf in etwa 150 0C, 380 0C oder 550 0C aufheizbar ist,6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the container (12) is heatable to temperatures between 100 0 C and 600 0 C, in particular to about 150 0 C, 380 0 C or 550 0 C,
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zulauf oberhalb oder unterhalb der Füllhöhe (38) in den Behälter (12) mündet.7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inlet above or below the filling level (38) opens into the container (12).
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens zwei Behälter (12) mit jeweils mindestens zwei ineinander greifenden Rührwerkzeugen (14) in Reihe hintereinander geschaltet angeordnet sind und untereinander in Fluidverbindung stehen, wobei ein erster von jeweils zwei benachbarten in Reihe geschalteten Behältern (12) einen Ablauf für das zur weiteren thermischen Behandlung dem jeweils nächsten, zweiten Behälter (12) zuzuführende Altöl-Gemisch aufweist und wobei der Ablauf des jeweils ersten Behälters (12) mit dem Zulauf des jeweils nächsten, zweiten Behälters (12) durch eine Verbindungsrohrleitung verbunden ist. 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least two containers (12) are arranged in series with each other at least two intermeshing stirring tools (14) and are in fluid communication with each other, wherein a first of two adjacent connected in series containers (12) has a flow for the further thermal treatment to each next, second container (12) to be supplied waste oil mixture and wherein the flow of the respective first container (12) with the inlet of the next, second container ( 12) is connected by a connecting pipe.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Verbindungsrohrleitung eine Filtereinheit angeordnet ist. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that in the connecting pipe a filter unit is arranged.
PCT/EP2010/053262 2009-03-16 2010-03-15 Device for thermal treatment, in particular thermal decomposition of waste oil mixtures WO2010106009A1 (en)

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