WO2010079206A1 - Capteur d'humidité à accumulation - Google Patents

Capteur d'humidité à accumulation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010079206A1
WO2010079206A1 PCT/EP2010/050134 EP2010050134W WO2010079206A1 WO 2010079206 A1 WO2010079206 A1 WO 2010079206A1 EP 2010050134 W EP2010050134 W EP 2010050134W WO 2010079206 A1 WO2010079206 A1 WO 2010079206A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
moisture
sensor device
layer
absorbing layer
electrode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/050134
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010079206A4 (fr
Inventor
Heiko Fietzek
Ulrike Heckenberger
Meinhard Meyer
Jürgen STEINWANDEL
Original Assignee
Eads Deutschland Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eads Deutschland Gmbh filed Critical Eads Deutschland Gmbh
Publication of WO2010079206A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010079206A1/fr
Publication of WO2010079206A4 publication Critical patent/WO2010079206A4/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
    • G01N27/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity
    • G01N27/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity by using hygroscopic materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to condition and corrosion monitoring for example for aircraft.
  • the invention relates to a sensor device for an aircraft, in which an accumulated moisture as a measure of possible corrosion changes a capacitance of a capacitor arrangement and thus allows conclusions about a state of corrosion.
  • the condition of the aircraft in particular the extent of corrosion, must be monitored to ensure the safety of the aircraft. This can be done with the help of a so-called corrosion monitoring.
  • corrosion monitoring In this case, mechanical, electrical or electrochemical probes or sensors are exposed to the same conditions as the aircraft itself. Due to climatic and environmental influences, changes in measured variables of the probes or sensors can be caused. These changes can be detected and read out. Accordingly, it can be concluded from the changes in the measured quantities on the extent of corrosion.
  • probes or sensors In the case of the conventionally used electrical or electrochemical probes or sensors, it is possible to detect a momentary change in the measured variables of the probes or sensors and thus to determine or calculate the instantaneous corrosion load / u.
  • these probes or sensors can also have reversible effects that can cancel a change in the measured variable once caused, for example, by evaporation of a moisture once absorbed. Probes or sensors of this type must be read out continuously in order to determine the corrosion load over the service life and possibly the entire service life of the aircraft via the permanent change of the measured variables.
  • a sensor device for state and corrosion monitoring comprises: a capacitor arrangement having a first electrode, a second electrode, a moisture-absorbing layer, which is arranged with respect to the first electrode and the second electrode such that the capacitor arrangement changes its capacity when the moisture-absorbing layer absorbs moisture, and a moisture diffusion diffusion-reducing barrier which covers the moisture-absorbing layer.
  • the capacitance of the capacitor arrangement can be changed by means of a liquid storage in a moisture-absorbing layer.
  • the moisture present on the sensor device over a certain period of time accumulates in the moisture-absorbing layer and in this way changes its relative permittivity. Since water has a relative dielectric constant of about 81, even a slight absorption of water leads to a change in the measured value of the capacitance value, provided that the wasscraufikide part is in a position close to the capacitor array.
  • the moisture-absorbing layer can be arranged both between the first and the second electrode, as well as in its vicinity, in which case the inhomogeneous region of the capacitor arrangement contributes to the capacitance change.
  • a cover of the moisture-absorbing Layer through a moisture diffusion-inhibiting barrier can on the one hand prevent over-rapid saturation of the moisture-absorbing layer and thus allow an extension of the period of use; however, such a barrier may also prevent or at least slow down the delivery of moisture once absorbed.
  • a sensor device described above thus allows an integral statement about the moisture that is exposed to this sensor device and thus also an analogously arranged component over at least one service interval or over the entire life of the aircraft.
  • the data used to determine the load or corrosion can be read in each case during the execution of the usual service and maintenance. As a result, costs for additional wiring and stationary readout devices can be avoided.
  • valuable space in the aircraft which would be necessary for the devices and cables, can be saved. Furthermore, maintenance of additional equipment and cables is not necessary.
  • a sensor device for state and corrosion monitoring wherein the capacitor arrangement is formed as an interdigital capacitor and the first electrode and the second electrode are formed in a surface, wherein the moisture-absorbing layer areally and electrically isolated to the first electrode and the second electrode is disposed on the surface.
  • the electrodes engage in one another in a comb-like or meandering manner.
  • These branches or turns of the individual electrodes can, for example, be in the range of a few micrometers. Due to the strong inhomogeneity, the sensitivity of the capacitor can be increased even for minor changes from the outside.
  • An interdigital capacitor can be arranged flat on a surface or Obei surface. This surface can be flat or curved.
  • the dnterdigitalkondensatoranssen can muster by simple convincedsluic. This can be done either on a substrate, but also on the component itself.
  • the component not the capacitor form, but the capacitor assembly can be adapted to the component. It is understood that certain isolation conditions must be met to ensure the function of the capacitor.
  • the moisture-absorbing layer is flat on the surface
  • Elekrodenan extract Due to the proximity of the moisture-absorbing layer to the dielectric-relevant part of the capacitor, the capacitance value of the capacitor is measurably changed upon moisture absorption.
  • the distances can be in the range of a few micrometers, for example between 10 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m. Due to the surface coverage of the moisture-absorbing layer, a sufficient measurability and measurement accuracy is possible.
  • a sensor device for state and corrosion monitoring wherein between the first electrode and the second electrode on the one hand and the moisture-absorbing layer on the other hand, a moisture-impermeable layer is provided.
  • the moisture-absorbing layer may be arranged such that the moisture from both surface sides of the moisture-absorbing layer has access to the moisture-absorbing layer.
  • a sensor device with a much smaller height is possible if the moisture-absorbing layer rests directly on the electrodes, only by a moisture-impermeable layer separated.
  • the moisture-diffusion-barrier is then provided only on the side facing away from the moisture-impermeable layer side of the moisture-absorbing layer.
  • the planar electrode assembly is accessible from both sides for moisture, either on both sides of a moisture-absorbing layer may be provided which is each isolated to the electrode assembly by a moisture-impermeable layer, or the moisture-absorbing layer only electrically isolated to the electrode assembly, but of be accessible to both sides of the ambient humidity. In the latter case, the barrier is covered from both sides of the moisture-absorbing layer. The moisture absorption then takes place from one side through the electrode arrangement.
  • a highly moisture-absorbing material is usually provided a material that has a high affinity for water and the once absorbed water does not give off easily. Such a material absorbs the water, for example, absorbing. A limitation of the water absorption can then take place through the barrier, which limits the access of moisture. Once passed through the barrier, the highly moisture-absorbing layer then absorbs the water sometimes completely, as far as its moisture absorption capacity allows.
  • a sensor device for state and corrosion monitoring is provided, wherein the moisture-absorbing layer comprises a polymer with incorporated particles of a highly moisture-absorbing material.
  • a sensor device for state and corrosion monitoring wherein the moisture-absorbing layer is designed to absorb moisture irreversibly.
  • the moisture-absorbing material or, more generally, the moisture-absorbent material may also be used.
  • Moisture-absorbent materials include, for example, hydrophilic materials such as zeolites, silica gels, calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), and alkali hydroxides. These materials may have the property of absorbing water molecules from the environment by absorption or adsorption. For example, moisture from the environment, in particular in the form of water vapor from the air, can be bound by hygroscopic materials.
  • the hygroscopic materials may be contained or embedded as particles in another material of the layer.
  • the hygroscopic materials can be arranged in the immediate vicinity of the electrode geometry.
  • the layer thickness in which the hygroscopic materials are contained can be found in the Be range of a few microns, for example, about 10 to 50 microns.
  • a sensor device for state and corrosion monitoring is provided, wherein a moisture-transporting layer is provided between the moisture diffusion-reducing barrier and the moisture-absorbing layer.
  • the moisture transporting layer can provide some dampening of moisture wicking and also result in even distribution of moisture to the moisture absorbent material. Furthermore, the transport layer can serve as a carrier for the diffusion-reducing barrier.
  • a sensor device for state and corrosion monitoring wherein the moisture-transporting layer comprises a polymer.
  • the transport layer and the moisture-absorbing layer can be represented only by a partial accumulation of moisture-absorbent material in an otherwise homogeneous polymer matrix.
  • the production costs for the stratification can be reduced by using only the polymer as starting material and subsequently changing the different ranges in their properties by further steps.
  • a sensor device for condition and corrosion monitoring wherein the polymer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of polysulfone and phthalocyanine.
  • the polymer layer may have, for example, polysulfones and / or phthalocyanines in its water-absorbing region.
  • the highly hygroscopic particles can be embedded or arranged in the water-absorbing region of the polymer layer. This may be followed by another water-absorbing region of the polymer layer, which has no hygroscopic particles.
  • a sensor device for state and corrosion monitoring is provided, wherein the moisture diffusion barrier diffusion barrier is formed as a separate layer.
  • Such a separate barrier layer can be subjected to a separate production process and then applied to a carrier material. This allows to adapt the barrier material according to the requirements of a barrier.
  • a sensor device for state and corrosion monitoring wherein the moisture diffusion barrier comprises a material from a group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, modified polytetrafluorethylene, polyethylene and polypropylene.
  • polyletrafluoroethylene when designed as a micromembrane, has an impermeability to the liquid state of matter of water, but permeability to the gaseous state. In this way, for example, an effective protection against upcoming liquids can be achieved, in particular if the sensor device is exposed to direct weather influences such as rain.
  • a sensor device for state and corrosion monitoring wherein the moisture diffusion-reducing barrier is formed by a modified surface of a moisture diffusion-reducing barrier-bearing layer.
  • a surface treatment By a surface treatment, a direct modification of the Tiägermatcrials be made without a subsequent application of the Barricrematerials would be necessary.
  • the subsequent surface treatment is simple and integral in terms of production, so that, for example, detachment of the layers can also be avoided.
  • a sensor device for condition and corrosion monitoring wherein the modified surface is a plasma treated surface.
  • the plasma treatment allows the surfaces to be modified evenly and effectively, it can be done with relatively simple
  • Plasma generating devices such as Elektrodenan elbowcn made.
  • the layer thickness is low, so that the overall height can also be kept low,
  • a sensor device for state and corrosion monitoring wherein the Scnsorvo ⁇ chtung invention further comprises an inductance, wherein the capacitor arrangement and the inductance are formed as parts of a resonant circuit.
  • the resonant circuit can be excited to vibrate from the outside. Assuming constancy of the inductance, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit provides information about the capacitance value of the capacitor arrangement. The capacitance value in turn gives, with known geometry of the capacitor arrangement, information about the effective relative dielectric constant of the capacitor and thus about the degree of the stored moisture. Thus, the resonance frequency is directly linked to the amount of stored moisture.
  • the resonant circuit may include an identification integrated circuit (IDIC). The individual components of the resonant circuit can be connected in series or in parallel.
  • an RFID is provided with a resonant circuit with a sensor device according to the invention.
  • the Radio Frequency Identifier RFID enables identification of objects equipped with RFID components.
  • An RFID component odci RFID tag with a resonant circuit may be incorporated in a structure to be monitored or attached to it.
  • an RFID tag with a sensor device according to the invention can be arranged on a metallic outer surface of an aircraft.
  • a passive RFID tag may be excited to vibrate and then itself emit energy corresponding to a particular frequency, the resonant frequency. The radiated sequence can be detected. Subsequently, certain changes, such as a change in the capacitance of the capacitor arrangement, can be derived therefrom.
  • the configuration of the sensor device as an RFID resonant circuit may be advantageous, since in this way the information about the extent of the corrosion that has been integrated or irreversibly recorded in the moisture-wetting layer of the capacitor arrangement can be wirelessly interrogated and transmitted.
  • the capacity change data can be retrieved when needed, for example, during a service operation.
  • the sensor device according to the invention may be arranged, for example, at one or more points of the aircraft, which come into contact with the outside air and thus with the humidity.
  • the sensor device can be arranged on an aircraft skin of the wings or the fuselage of an aircraft.
  • the sensor device can be arranged on devices and devices, such as antennas, which are located on the outside
  • Fig. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device
  • Interdigital capacitor with a stored moisture-absorbing material Interdigital capacitor with a stored moisture-absorbing material.
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device with an interdigital capacitor with bilateral moisture-removing layers.
  • Fig. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of the invention with interdigital capacitor with a one-sided moisture-absorbing
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show an exemplary embodiment of an RFID with a sensor device according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device in a sectional view.
  • a support surface 7 which may be for example a board or a component, for example, an aircraft, is a
  • the capacitance value of the capacitor arrangement with the electrodes 21, 22 is changed.
  • the capacitance value of the electrodes 21, 22 is determined not only by the homogeneous region lying between the electrodes, but also by the inhomogeneous region, which is located above the electrodes in the view shown in FIG.
  • the moisture-absorbing layer 24 is arranged in the embodiment shown in FIG. If the sensor device 10 shown in FIG. 1 now absorbs moisture in its moisture-absorbing layer 24, the capacitance value of the capacitor arrangement 20 changes, which in turn can be used as a measure of moisture absorption in a moisture-absorbing layer 24.
  • the moisture-absorbing layer 24 is covered with a moisture diffusion-reducing barrier 26.
  • the electrodes 21, 22 are arranged in one plane in FIG. 1, the electrodes 21, 22 may also be arranged in a curved surface which follows, for example, the curvature or the external shape of a component. In this way, the sensor device can be adapted to a component whose corrosion behavior is to be monitored.
  • a moisture-impermeable layer 23 is provided between the moisture-absorbing layer 24 and the electrodes 21, 22, which prevents an uncontrolled absorption of moisture by the moisture-absorbing layer 24.
  • the layer 23 is also electrically insulating, so that the electrodes 21, 22 are not short-circuited by the moisture-absorbing layer 24, in particular if the moisture-absorbing layer 24 becomes conductive due to the absorption of moisture.
  • Presence of the transport layer 25 may both be a separately formed layer, as well as in a modified surface of a carrier layer. In the latter case, the moisture diffusion-reducing barrier is made substantially thinner.
  • the carrier layer for the diffusion-reducing barrier 26 both the transport layer 25 and the moisture-absorbing layer 24 can serve.
  • a surface modification can be done for example by a plasma treatment.
  • the layers shown in the figures need not necessarily have a uniform thickness, but may also have different thicknesses. Furthermore, the thickness can also be configured over the surface area.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the electrodes 21, 22 are again arranged on a surface 7.
  • Moisture-absorbing materials are embedded in the moisture-absorbing layer 24 in the form shown in FIG. 3, for example in the form of particles 27.
  • the moisture-absorbing layer 24 and the transport layer 25 can be configured in a common polymer matrix, wherein only in the moisture-absorbent layer 24, the moisture-absorbing particles 27 are provided.
  • the layers 24 and 25 may be configured separately even when providing moisture-absorbing material or particles 27, as it is written in Figures 1 and 2.
  • a moisture diffusion-reducing barrier 26 is again provided which In this embodiment, it may be configured both as a separate layer and as a surface-modified layer.
  • a polymer matrix may be provided in which a moisture-absorbing material 27 is provided in a specific layer, in an overlying layer only the polymer matrix without an interposed moisture-absorbing material as transport layer 25 is provided , and the polymer matrix is surface-modified on its surface such that the surface-modified surface is a moisture diffusion-reducing barrier 26.
  • a moisture-absorbing material 27 is provided in a specific layer, in an overlying layer only the polymer matrix without an interposed moisture-absorbing material as transport layer 25 is provided , and the polymer matrix is surface-modified on its surface such that the surface-modified surface is a moisture diffusion-reducing barrier 26.
  • This barrier may, for example, constitute a separate layer but also a modified surface of a carrier material.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is suitable, for example, for an upright mounting which allows a moisture absorption from both sides of the capacitor arrangement. In this way, the sensitivity of the capacitor arrangement is increased.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 essentially represents a duplication of the sensor devices shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, which is designed to be mirrored doubled with respect to the plane 7.
  • the concrete embodiment shown in FIG. 5 corresponds to the doubled arrangement according to FIG. 1.
  • the arrangements shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 can likewise be designed to be doubled in an analogous manner.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, in which the moisture-absorbing layer 24 is provided in the immediate vicinity of the electrodes 21, 22.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 does not have a moisture-impermeable layer 23. Rather, the moisture-diffusion-reducing barrier 26 covers the moisture-receiving layer on both sides. In this way, a moisture absorption is possible not only from the side facing away from the electrodes 21, 22 side of the moisture-absorbing layer 24, but also on the electrodes 21, 22 side facing, quasi through the electrode assembly.
  • the electrodes 21, 22 can directly adjoin the moisture diffusion-reducing barrier 26, thus the Arrangement of the moisture absorption layer 24 and the moisture diffusion-reducing barrier 26 can serve as a support for the electrode arrangement 21, 22.
  • a moisture transport layer 25 can also be provided in an analogous manner, which can be provided on the moisture-absorbing layer 24 both on one side and on both sides.
  • a polymer matrix may be provided in which a moisture-absorbing material, for example in the form of particles 27, is embedded in a specific layer 24.
  • a moisture transporting layer 25 may be provided in the polymer matrix. By modifying the surface, the polymer matrix may also form the moisture diffusion-reducing barrier, which barrier may be provided both directly on the moisture-receiving layer and on the moisture-transporting layer 25.
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 may all represent capacitor arrangements of an interdigital capacitor, in which the corresponding electrodes mesh in the form of elongated electrodes in a comb or meander shape, in order to represent a capacitor-carrying capacitor arrangement.
  • a capacitor arrangement can be formed, in particular, on a surface 7, so that the layered electrode arrangement otherwise customary for plate capacitors can be dispensed with.
  • an interdigital condenser has a relatively small or no homogeneous region, but essentially only inhomogeneous regions.
  • FIG. 7 shows an arrangement of a sensor device with a capacitor arrangement 20 and an inductance arrangement 30.
  • Both the inductance arrangement 30 and the capacitor arrangement 20 are designed such that they can be formed on a surface or a plane. This makes such an arrangement suitable for attaching these, for example, to circuit boards having a relatively low height.
  • Such an interconnection of inductance and capacitor represents a resonant circuit, which forms a characteristic resonant circuit frequency with an unchanged geometry. This resonant circuit frequency is essentially dependent on the inductance and the capacitance.
  • Capacitor assembly 20 according to the embodiments described above, provided with a moisture-absorbing layer 24, the resonant circuit frequency can be changed by changing the capacitance of the capacitor assembly 20.
  • Such an arrangement is shown in FIG. Essentially, the geometry of both the

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif capteur (1) permettant de contrôler l'état et le degré de corrosion dans des avions par exemple, lequel dispositif comprend un dispositif condensateur (20) et une couche fixant l'humidité (24). Le dispositif condensateur (20) est conçu pour présenter une capacité variable en fonction de l'absorption d'eau par la couche fixant l'humidité (24). La couche fixant l'humidité (24) peut être disposée sur le dispositif condensateur (20) de manière que l'absorption d'eau soit irréversible. On obtient ainsi un capteur d'humidité à accumulation.
PCT/EP2010/050134 2009-01-08 2010-01-08 Capteur d'humidité à accumulation WO2010079206A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009004393.4 2009-01-08
DE200910004393 DE102009004393A1 (de) 2009-01-08 2009-01-08 Akkumulierender Feuchtesensor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010079206A1 true WO2010079206A1 (fr) 2010-07-15
WO2010079206A4 WO2010079206A4 (fr) 2010-09-16

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Cited By (2)

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WO2013021363A1 (fr) 2011-08-11 2013-02-14 Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd Dérivés de quinazoline-2,4-dione
CN110044976A (zh) * 2019-04-17 2019-07-23 淮阴师范学院 用于检测q235碳钢腐蚀的叉指电容式传感器

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DE102014015188A1 (de) * 2014-10-15 2015-04-23 Daimler Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Trocknungselements in einer Batterie
DE102017202631A1 (de) 2017-02-17 2018-08-23 Leoni Kabel Gmbh Überwachungssystem sowie Kabel
CN107884457B (zh) * 2017-09-28 2019-07-12 东南大学 一种基于超材料结构的湿度传感器

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US3350941A (en) * 1965-05-20 1967-11-07 Johnson Service Co Humidity sensing element
EP0010771A1 (fr) * 1978-11-06 1980-05-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Capteur d'humidité capacitif
US4481813A (en) * 1981-10-28 1984-11-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Dew sensor
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013021363A1 (fr) 2011-08-11 2013-02-14 Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd Dérivés de quinazoline-2,4-dione
US8916573B2 (en) 2011-08-11 2014-12-23 Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Quinazoline-2,4-dione derivatives
CN110044976A (zh) * 2019-04-17 2019-07-23 淮阴师范学院 用于检测q235碳钢腐蚀的叉指电容式传感器

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WO2010079206A4 (fr) 2010-09-16

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