WO2010075669A1 - 一种自冷式晶闸管阀 - Google Patents

一种自冷式晶闸管阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010075669A1
WO2010075669A1 PCT/CN2009/001509 CN2009001509W WO2010075669A1 WO 2010075669 A1 WO2010075669 A1 WO 2010075669A1 CN 2009001509 W CN2009001509 W CN 2009001509W WO 2010075669 A1 WO2010075669 A1 WO 2010075669A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
thyristor
self
resistor
plate
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PCT/CN2009/001509
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汤广福
蓝元良
王华锋
栾洪州
李志麒
于海玉
王华昕
张静
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中国电力科学研究院
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Application filed by 中国电力科学研究院 filed Critical 中国电力科学研究院
Priority to US12/679,297 priority Critical patent/US8149577B2/en
Publication of WO2010075669A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010075669A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
    • H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of thyristor valves, and more particularly to a self-cooling thyristor valve for an ultrahigh voltage fault current limiter. Background technique
  • the Super High Voltage Fault Current Limiter uses a self-cooling thyristor, which is a critical device in resonant, fast switching, hybrid, and other fault current limiters. It mainly functions as a fast switch. .
  • the principle of the resonant fault current limiter is shown in Figure 1. It mainly consists of reactor L, capacitor C and fast bypass switch K (can be used as a type of switch such as thyristor valve, spark gap, fast mechanical switch, or a combination thereof).
  • the power frequency inductance of the reactor L is the same as the capacitance of the capacitor C.
  • the switch K Under normal operating conditions, the switch K is in an open state (the thyristor is in a blocking state), the capacitor C and the inductor L are in a power frequency series resonance state, and the total impedance Almost zero, when the fault is detected, the switch K is quickly closed (the thyristor is turned on quickly), and the capacitor is bypassed, which is equivalent to connecting the inductor L in the line to limit the current.
  • the existing thyristor valves for flexible AC transmission devices and DC transmission devices are designed to take into account the normal operation of the thyristor valves for a long time, so a relatively expensive and complicated cooling system device must be provided, which reduces the reliability of the entire device.
  • the thyristor valve does not need to withstand the fault current for a long time, so there must be reliable protection measures to protect the thyristor valve.
  • the thyristor valve described in the patent of the present invention takes into account the operating conditions of the fault current limiter for a long time to withstand the fault current, and at the same time adopts a self-cooling heat dissipation design to improve the operational reliability of the thyristor valve and the entire device. Summary of the invention
  • a self-cooling thyristor valve adopts a horizontal structure composed of a frame, and the frame is divided into upper and lower layers by an intermediate beam, and the bottom of the frame is supported by an insulator, wherein A transverse plate is respectively connected between the two vertical plates of the frame, and a resistor is connected to the horizontal plate, and the resistor is respectively connected to the high potential plate and the capacitor through the two wires; the upper layer of the frame is provided with a thyristor and a heat sink.
  • thyristor strings a series of thyristor strings, the two ends of the thyristor string are pressed by a press-fit mechanism, and the thyristor string passes through each of the energy-carrying current transformers, and a high-potential plate having the same amount is disposed on both sides of the thyristor, and the high-potential plate is One side is connected to the frame, and the current-carrying current transformer is connected to the high-potential plate; the lower layer of the frame is provided with a capacitor and a resistor connected to the bottom plate of the frame; and the top of the frame is provided with a fiber slot.
  • a fiber optic box is provided outside the frame.
  • the thyristor is preferably a 6-inch thyristor.
  • the capacitor is a damped capacitor
  • the resistor is preferably a static grading resistor
  • the frame is preferably made of a 10 mm thick epoxy board.
  • the pressing mechanism comprises a butterfly spring, a flange I, a guiding rod and an urging pressing mechanism, and the butterfly spring, the flange I and the guiding rod connected to the flange I are arranged at one end of the thyristor
  • the other end of the thyristor valve string is provided with an afterburning pressing mechanism, wherein the forcing pressing mechanism comprises a top pressing block and a pressing rod, the top pressing rod outer sleeve is connected with a guiding sleeve, and the connecting sleeve end portion is connected with a method.
  • a force plate is connected to the end of the flange by a force bolt, and one end of the pressing bar and the top pressing block and one end of the force plate and the top pressing bar are spherical heads.
  • the flange I and the flange II are both connected to the fixing plate.
  • the urging bolts are six, evenly distributed on the circumference of the urging disk centered on the center of the disk, and the guide sleeve and the flange II are positioned and kept concentric by the rim.
  • the resistor adopts a damping resistor, and includes four non-inductive resistors and a casing.
  • the upper portions of the four non-inductive resistors are sleeved with an upper mounting hoop, and the lower portion is sleeved with a lower mounting hoop.
  • the upper and lower portions of each of the two non-inductive resistors The mounting hoops are connected by screws to realize the parallel connection of the two non-inductive resistors.
  • the two upper screws are respectively crimped to a wire connected to the outer casing, and the lower two screws are respectively crimped with a wire.
  • the wire passes through the outlet of the lower end of the non-inductive resistor and is respectively connected to the high potential plate and the capacitor, and the non-inductive electricity
  • the resistance jacket is connected to the outer casing.
  • the heat sink adopts a heat pipe type heat sink, and includes a heat sink base body.
  • the heat sink base body is provided with a channel, the channel is coupled with the heat pipe, and both ends of the channel are provided with through holes penetrating the heat sink base body,
  • a lifting ring is arranged on both sides of the base of the radiator, and the base body is connected with the fixing plate through the lifting ring.
  • the thyristor valve of the present invention adopts a 6-inch thyristor component, which has the characteristics of low thermal impedance and high surge current withstand capability, and represents the advanced manufacturing level of the current thyristor component;
  • the pressing mechanism of the thyristor valve of the invention has reasonable structure and convenient installation, and has small force during pre-tightening, thereby ensuring reliable operation and feasibility.
  • the press-fit mechanism adopts two spherical joints to ensure balanced and reliable force during the compaction process and after compaction, which ensures the stability of the thyristor string after compression and operation, and ensures the thyristor and the heat sink. Electrical, thermal, mechanical contact and stable reliability of the entire valve structure;
  • the heat pipe type heat sink used in the thyristor valve of the invention adopts an embedded heat pipe type structure, which reduces the volume of the heat sink and has the characteristics of low thermal resistance, and satisfies the requirement of absorbing the thyristor to generate energy in a short time;
  • the damping resistor used in the thyristor valve of the present invention has a reasonable structural design, reduces the surface temperature of the large dissipative power damping resistor, eliminates the influence of the heating element on other surrounding components, and improves the overall reliability of the thyristor valve.
  • the thyristor valve of the invention can meet the electromagnetic compatibility requirement under the condition of strong electromagnetic field environment, and adopts the energy-receiving mode with the main voltage and the current as the auxiliary to ensure the energy requirement of the continuous trigger condition.
  • Figure 1 is a working principle diagram of the fault current limiter
  • Figure 2 is a front view of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a rear view of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a right side view of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a left side view of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a plan view of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of voltage and current hybrid energy extraction according to the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a damping resistor
  • Figure 8a is a schematic view of the internal structure of the damping resistor
  • Figure 8b is a front view of the damping resistor
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the heat sink, Figure 9a is a front view of the heat sink, and Figure 9b is a longitudinal sectional view of Figure 9a;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of the mechanism of the press-fit mechanism
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the TE board and the CT coil
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the damping resistor and the damping capacitor and the TE board, where:
  • 61-Thyristor 62-heat sink, 63-heat radiator base, 64-channel, 65-heat pipe, 66-through hole, 67-ring, 68-hook;
  • a self-cooling thyristor valve adopts a horizontal structure consisting of a frame 1.
  • the frame is divided into upper and lower layers by the intermediate beam 2, and four frames for supporting the frame are mounted at the bottom of the frame.
  • Insulator 13 The first and last frame 1 is made of gusseted aluminum, which ensures the rigidity of the structure and reduces the weight of the frame.
  • Two thyristor strings 6 are mounted on the upper layer of the frame 1 and are mounted on the beam 2. Both ends of the thyristor string are pressed by the press-fit mechanism 5, and there are 11 thyristors and 12 heat sinks in each thyristor string. In series, two thyristor strings pass through the cores of six energetic CTs at the same time. The six energetic CTs 7 are evenly distributed around the outer circumferences of the two thyristor strings and are not in contact with the thyristor strings, and correspond to the two sides of the thyristor strings.
  • TE boards 8 There are two rows of TE boards 8, the number of TE boards in each row is the same as the number of thyristors, one side of the TE board is connected with the frame 1, and two CT coils 14 are wound around the iron cores 15 of each energy-taking CT, as shown in the figure.
  • Fig. 11 except for the two ends (one CT coil at each end), the incoming and outgoing lines are respectively connected to the corresponding terminals of one TE board, and the other CT coils are connected to the corresponding terminals of one TE board on both sides, which is TE.
  • the board triggers the thyristor to provide energy;
  • the inner lower layer of the frame 1 is provided with a damping capacitor 9 and a static voltage equalizing resistor 10 of the same number as the thyristors.
  • a transverse plate 3 is respectively connected between the two vertical plates of the frame 1, and the damping resistor 4 is riveted to the horizontal plate 3 by mounting bolts.
  • the two transverse plates are provided with a total of the same number of damping resistors as the thyristors. There are 5 on the left horizontal plate 3 and six on the right horizontal plate 3. Damping resistor 4 is used together with damping capacitor, so there are 5 damping capacitors on the left side of the bottom plate of the frame and 6 damping capacitors on the right side.
  • the two wires from the outlet of the damping resistor are respectively The damper capacitor is connected to the corresponding terminal of the TE board, and each of the static grading resistors 10 is respectively connected to the corresponding thyristor anode and the corresponding terminal of the TE board through two wires.
  • the optical fiber slot 11 installed at the upper end of the frame is used for the fiber-optic wiring of the CT board, which is convenient for the circuit installation and maintenance, and prevents the influence of other devices on the optical fiber, thereby improving the reliability of the system.
  • a fiber optic fiber optic housing 12 is housed in the lower portion of the frame.
  • the damping resistor 4 adopts four 200W non-inductive resistors 41 with a resistance of 50 ⁇ , and the upper and lower portions of the four non-inductive resistors are sleeved with an upper mounting hoop 42 and a lower mounting hoop 43, two of which are The upper mounting hoops 42 of the non-inductive resistor are fastened by screws 44 and the lower mounting hoops are also fastened by screws 45.
  • the other two non-inductive resistors are also connected in this way, that is, two inductive resistors are connected in parallel.
  • a wire 47 is crimped at the joint of the two upper mounting ferrules 42, that is, at the screw 44, and a wire 47 is crimped at the other screw 44.
  • the movable end 47a of the two wires 47 is passed through the nut 410.
  • the nut is connected to the bolt 411 at the top of the outer casing 46, that is, the non-inductive resistor connected in series by the wire 47 is connected in series with the outer casing, so that the midpoint potential of the outer casing and the non-inductive resistor are the same, thereby reducing the insulation between the resistor and the outer casing. Strength requirements.
  • the connection of the lower mounting collars 43 of the two non-inductive resistors in parallel, that is, the crimping at the screw 45 The root wire 48 passes through the movable end 48a of the wire 48 through the wire lead-out hole 413 provided on one of the non-inductive resistors, and is led out from the wire-out port 49 of the non-inductive resistor, and is similarly crimped to the other screw 45.
  • the movable end 48a of the wire 48 also passes through the wire lead-out hole 412 and the outlet port 49 provided on the non-inductive resistor in turn, and the two wires 48 led out from the two non-inductive resistor outlet ports 49 are respectively connected to the high-potential plate 8 And damping capacitor 9. As shown in Fig.
  • a casing 46 is provided on the non-inductive resistor casing, and the casing is made of a metal material having good electrical conductivity such as stainless steel or copper.
  • the surface of the outer casing is provided with a heat dissipation hole 413.
  • a mounting bracket 414 is mounted on one side of the housing, and the mounting bracket 414 of the damping resistor is riveted to the frame 1 by mounting bolts 415.
  • a gasket 416 is disposed between the mounting bracket and the mounting bolt, and the gasket is also made of a metal material having good electrical conductivity such as stainless steel or copper.
  • the heat sink is an in-line heat pipe type heat sink
  • the heat sink base 63 is an aluminum base body.
  • the base body is formed by two upper and lower squares, and the upper square is slightly smaller than the square below.
  • the heat pipe 65 is three straight strip heat pipes
  • the radiator base body is provided with three channels 64, three heat pipes are respectively coupled with three channels, and two ends of the three channels 64 are respectively provided through the aluminum radiator.
  • the through hole 4 of the base 63 is provided with three through holes at the position where the upper end of the heat sink base 1 is aligned with the channel 3, and three through holes 66 are also provided at the position where the lower end is aligned with the groove 64, so that the heat pipe will absorb The heat pipe is exported in time.
  • the heat sink is suspended from the fixing plate 510 on both sides of the thyristor string through the slings 67 on both sides.
  • four hangers for hooking the thyristor may be installed on the lower part of the radiator base. Hook 68.
  • the press-fit mechanism 5 includes a butterfly spring 51, a flange I 52, a guide rod 53 and an afterburning mechanism, a butterfly spring 51, a flange 152 and a flange I.
  • the guiding rod 53 is disposed at one end of the thyristor string, and the other end of the thyristor string is provided with an urging pressing mechanism, and the urging pressing mechanism comprises a top pressing block 54 and a pressing rod 55, and the top pressing rod is sheathed
  • the guide sleeve 56 is connected to a flange II 57 at the end of the guide sleeve by a screw 512, and a force plate 59 is connected to the end of the flange II 57 via six urging bolts 58.
  • the six urging bolts 58 are evenly distributed.
  • the end of the pressing plate 55 and the pressing block 54 is a spherical head 55a, and the end of the force applying plate 59 and the pressing rod 55 is also a spherical head.
  • 59a, the flange I 52 and the flange II 57 are fixed by bolts
  • the plate 510, the guide sleeve 56 and the flange II 57 are positioned by the stop 511 and are kept concentric.
  • the thyristor valve of the present invention adopts a voltage and current mixing and energy-taking mode in use: that is, in the valve blocking state, if the valve terminal voltage reaches a certain value, the working power of the TE board is obtained through the damping branch;
  • the thyristor string transmits the power to the slab through the energy-carrying CT, that is, the TE board obtains the working power supply, and the energy is taken.

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Description

一种自冷式晶闸管阀 技术领域
本发明涉及晶闸管阀领域， 具体地说是涉及一种超高压故障电流限制器用 自冷式晶闸管阀。 背景技术
随着电力系统的发展， 新的电源不断接入电力系统或者电力系统子网相互 联接， 这样就增加了系统的短路容量， 导致某些故障点的故障电流超出了该处 开关的遮断容量， 但更换或更新开关一般非常昂贵并且十分耗时， 因此人们利 用当前的各种技术和措施进行故障电流的限制。
超高压故障电流限制器（Fault Current Limiter, 缩写为 FCL)用自冷式晶闸 管阔是谐振型、 快速开关型、 混合型等故障电流限制器中十分关键的设备， 主 要起到一个快速开关的作用。 谐振型故障电流限制器原理如图 1所示， 主要由 电抗器 L、 电容器 C及快速旁路开关 K (可采用如晶闸管阀、 火花间隙、 快速 机械开关等类型的开关或其组合） 组成， 电抗器 L的工频感抗与电容器 C的容 抗大小相同， 正常工作条件下， 开关 K处于打开状态 （晶闸管处于阻断状态）， 电容 C和电感 L处于工频串联谐振状态， 总的阻抗几乎为零， 当检测到故障后， 开关 K迅速闭合（晶闸管快速导通）， 电容被旁路， 相当于在线路中接入电感 L 从而起到限流作用。
现有柔性交流输电装置和直流输电装置用晶闸管阀设计是考虑到在正常情 况下， 晶闸管阀长时间运行， 因此必须配备一套较为昂贵和复杂的冷却系统设 备， 这样就降低了整个设备的可靠性； 在异常情况下， 晶闸管阀也不需要长时 间承受故障电流， 因此必须有可靠的保护措施对晶闸管阀进行保护。 本发明专 利所介绍的晶闸管阀考虑到故障电流限制器的长时间承受故障电流的运行工况 要求， 同时又采用自冷式散热设计， 提高了晶闸管阀及整个设备的运行可靠性。 发明内容
为了克服现有技术中存在的上述缺陷， 本发明的目的在于提供一种结构紧 凑、 体积小、 整体可靠性高的自冷式晶闸管阀。
为实现上述发明目的， 本发明采用下述技术方案： 一种自冷式晶闸管阀， 采用由框架组成的卧式结构， 框架通过中间横梁分隔成上、 下两层， 框架底部 采用绝缘子支撑， 其中所述框架的两两竖板间分别连接有横板， 横板上挂接有 电阻， 电阻通过两根导线分别与高电位板和电容连接； 所述框架内上层设有由 晶闸管和散热器间隔串联组成的晶闸管串， 晶闸管串的两端通过压装机构压紧， 晶闸管串穿过各取能电流互感器， 在晶闸管的两侧对应的设有与其数量相等的 高电位板， 高电位板的一侧与框架连接， 所述取能电流互感器与高电位板相连 接； 所述框架内下层设有与框架底板相连接的电容和电阻； 框架内顶部设有光 纤槽。
较优地， 框架外侧设有光纤盒。
所述晶闸管以采用 6英寸晶闸管为佳。
所述电容以采用阻尼电容为佳， 所述电阻以采用静态均压电阻为佳。
所述框架以采用 10mm厚的环氧板为佳。
所述压紧机构包括蝶簧、 法兰盘 I、 导向杆和加力顶压机构， 所述蝶簧、 法 兰盘 I及连接在法兰盘 I上的导向杆设置在晶闸管阔串的一端，在晶闸管阀串的 另一端设置有加力顶压机构， 所述加力顶压机构包括一顶压块和顶压杆， 顶压 杆外套接一导向套，在导向套端部连接一法兰盘 II，在法兰盘的端部通过加力螺 栓连接一加力盘， 所述顶压杆与顶压块触接的一端及加力盘与顶压杆触接的一 端均为球形头， 所述法兰盘 I与法兰盘 II均与固定板相连接。
所述加力螺栓为六根， 均匀分布在加力盘以盘中心为圆心的圆周上， 所述 导向套与法兰盘 II通过止口定位且保持同心。
所述电阻采用阻尼电阻， 包括四根无感电阻和外壳， 四根无感电阻的上部 均套接有上部安装箍、 下部均套接有下部安装箍， 每两个无感电阻的上、 下部 安装箍间均通过螺钉连接以实现两个无感电阻的并联， 在上部的两个螺钉处分 别压接一与外壳连接的导线， 在下部的两个螺钉处分别压接一导线， 这两根导 线通过无感电阻下端的出线口穿出后分别与高电位板和电容相连， 所述无感电 阻外套接有外壳。
所述散热器采用热管式散热器， 包括散热器基体， 在散热器基体中设有槽 道， 槽道与热管相耦合， 槽道的两端设有贯穿于散热器基体的通孔， 所述散热 器基体的两侧设有吊环， 基体通过吊环将散热器与固定板连接。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1、 本发明晶闸管阀采用 6英寸晶闸管元件， 它具有低热阻抗和高浪涌电流 耐受能力的特点， 代表当前晶闸管元件先进制造水平；
2、 本发明晶闸管阀采用的压装机构结构合理、 安装方便， 预紧时用力小， 保证了操作的可靠及可行性。 同时压装机构采用两个球面连接， 保证了压紧过 程中及压紧后阔串受力均衡、 可靠， 保证了晶闸管串压紧后及运行中的稳定性， 更保证了晶闸管、 散热器之间的电、 热、 机械接触及整个阀结构的稳定可靠性;
3、 本发明晶闸管阀采用的内嵌热管型散热器， 采用内嵌热管式结构， 减小 了散热器的体积， 具有低热阻抗的特点， 满足吸收晶闸管阔在短时内产生能量 的要求；
4、 本发明晶闸管阀采用的阻尼电阻， 结构设计合理， 降低大耗散功率阻尼 电阻的表面温度， 排除了发热元件对周围其他器件的影响， 提高晶闸管阀的整 体可靠性。
5、 本发明晶闸管阀可满足强电磁场环境条件下的电磁兼容要求， 并且采用 电压为主、 电流为辅的取能方式， 保证连续触发条件的能量需求。 附图说明
图 1 为故障电流限制器的工作原理图；
图 2 为本发明的主视图；
图 3 为本发明的后视图；
图 4 为本发明的右视图；
图 5 为本发明的左视图；
图 6 为本发明的俯视图；
图 7 为本发明电压电流混合取能的原理图， 图 8 为阻尼电阻的结构示意图， 图 8a为阻尼电阻的内部结构示意图， 图 8b为阻尼电阻的主视图；
图 9 为散热器的结构示意图， 图 9a为散热器的主视图， 图 9b图 9a的纵向 剖视图；
图 10 为压装机构的机构示意图，
图 11 为 TE板与 CT线圈的连接示意图；
图 12 为阻尼电阻与阻尼电容和 TE板的连接示意图， 其中：
1-框架， 2-横梁， 3-横板， 4-电阻， 5-压装机构， 6-晶闹管串， 7-取能电流互 感器（简称取能 CT)， 8-高电位板（简称 TE板）， 9-电容， 10-电阻， 11-光纤槽， 12-光纤盒， 13-绝缘子， 14-电流互感器的线圈 （简称 CT线圈）， 15-电流互感器 的铁芯 （铁芯）；
41-无感电阻， 42-上部安装箍， 43-下部安装箍， 44-螺钉， 45-螺钉， 46-外 壳， 47-导线， 47a-活动端， 48-导线， 48a-活动端， 49-出线口， 410-螺母， 411- 螺栓， 412-导线引出孔， 413-散热孔， 414-安装架， 415-安装螺栓， 416-垫片；
51-蝶簧， 52-法兰盘 I, 53-导向杆； 54-顶压块， 55-顶压杆， 55a-球形头， 56-导向套， 57-法兰盘 II， 58-加力螺栓， 59-加力盘； 59a-球形头； 510-固定板； 511-止口， 512-螺钉；
61-晶闸管， 62-散热器， 63-散热器基体， 64-槽道， 65-热管， 66-通孔， 67- 吊环， 68-吊钩; 具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例， 对本发明进行详细说明。
如图 2-6所示，一种自冷式晶闸管阀采用由框架 1组成的卧式结构，框架通 过中间横梁 2被分隔成上、 下两层， 框架底部安装有四个用于支撑框架的绝缘 子 13。 首尾框架 1采用角铝悍接而成， 更保证了结构强度刚度， 又减轻了框架 的重量。
在框架 1内部上层装有两个晶闸管串 6， 均安装在横梁 2上， 晶闸管串的两 端均通过压装机构 5压紧， 每个晶闸管串中有 11个晶闸管和 12个散热器间隔 串联组成， 两个晶闸管串同时穿过六个取能 CT的铁芯 15， 六个取能 CT 7均匀 分布在两个晶闸管串外周且不与晶闸管串接触， 且在晶闸管串的两侧对应的设 有两排 TE板 8， 每排 TE板的数量与晶闸管的数量相同， TE板的一侧与框架 1 连接， 各取能 CT的铁芯 15上分别缠绕着两个 CT线圈 14， 如图 11所示， 除端 部两个 (每端各一个 CT线圈)的进出线分别连接到一个 TE板的相应端子外， 其 余 CT线圈进出线均连接到两边各一个 TE板的相应端子， 为 TE板触发晶闸管 提供能量；
框架 1内部下层装有与晶闸管数量相同的阻尼电容 9和静态均压电阻 10。 框架 1的两两竖板间分别连接有横板 3， 阻尼电阻 4通过安装螺栓铆接在横板 3 上， 如图 6所示， 两个横板上总共装有与晶闸管数量相同的阻尼电阻 4, 左侧横 板 3上装有 5个， 右侧横板 3上装有 6个。 阻尼电阻 4与阻尼电容配合使用， 所以在框架内部底板左侧装有 5个阻尼电容， 右侧装有 6个阻尼电容， 如图 12 所示， 阻尼电阻从出线口引出的两条导线分别与阻尼电容和 TE板相应端子连 接， 每个静态均压电阻 10通过两根导线分别连接相对应的晶闸管阳极和 TE板 相应端子。
安装在框架内上端的光纤槽 11用于 CT板的光纤布线， 既便于对电路安装 检修， 又防止其他器件对光纤的影响， 提高了系统的可靠性。 为了便于对光纤 的整理， 在框架外下部安装有用于收纳光纤光纤盒 12。
如图 8a所示， 阻尼电阻 4采用四个 200W、 阻值 50 Ω的无感电阻 41， 四个 无感电阻的上、下部均套接有上部安装箍 42和下部安装箍 43， 其中两个无感电 阻的上部安装箍 42间通过螺钉 44固紧且下部安装箍也通过螺钉 45固紧， 另外 两个无感电阻也按照此方法连接， 即实现了四个无感电阻的两两并联。 在两个 上部安装箍 42的连接处即螺钉 44处压接一根导线 47，在另外一螺钉 44处也压 接一根导线 47， 将两根导线 47的活动端 47a—并穿过螺母 410， 该螺母与外壳 46顶部的螺栓 411连接即通过导线 47实现了两两并联后的无感电阻与外壳串联 导通， 使得外壳与无感电阻的中点电位相同， 从而降低电阻与外壳间绝缘强度 的要求。 在并联的两个无感电阻的下部安装箍 43的连接处即螺钉 45处压接一 根导线 48，将导线 48的活动端 48a穿过其中一个无感电阻上所设置的导线引出 孔 413， 并从该无感电阻的出线口 49引出， 同样地将压接在另一螺钉 45处的导 线 48的活动端 48a也依次穿过一无感电阻上所设置的导线引出孔 412及出线口 49， 从两个无感电阻的出线口 49引出的两根导线 48分别连接高电位板 8和阻 尼电容 9。 如图 8b所示， 为了减小电阻本身发热对触发回路的影响， 在无感电 阻外套设有一外壳 46， 外壳采用不锈钢、 铜等导电性能佳的金属材料制成。 外 壳表面设有散热孔 413。 外壳的一侧装有安装架 414， 通过安装螺栓 415将阻尼 电阻的安装架 414与框架 1铆接。 另外为了增加相邻阻尼电阻之间的爬电距离， 在安装架与安装螺栓间设置垫片 416， 垫片同样采用不锈钢、铜等导电性能佳的 金属材料制成。
如图 9a和 9b所示， 所述散热器为内嵌热管型散热器， 散热器基体 63为铝 制基体， 基体采用上、 下两个方形一体成型的结构， 上面的方形略小于下面的 方形。 热管 65为三个直条状热管， 散热器基体中设有三个槽道 64， 三个热管分 别与三个槽道相耦合， 三个槽道 64 的两端分别设有贯穿于铝制散热器基体 63 的通孔 4即在散热器基体 1的上端对准槽道 3的位置设置三个通孔、 在其下端 对准槽道 64的位置也设有三个通孔 66， 这样便于热管将吸收的热管及时导出。 在使用时，散热器通过两侧的吊环 67悬挂于晶闸管串两侧的固定板 510上使用， 为了与晶闸管连接更紧密， 可以在散热器基体外的下部安装四个用于挂接晶闸 管的吊钩 68。
如图 10所示， 所述压装机构 5包括蝶簧 51、 法兰盘 I 52、 导向杆 53和加 力顶压机构， 蝶簧 51、法兰盘 1 52及连接在法兰盘 I上的导向杆 53设置在晶闸 管串的一端， 在晶闸管串的另一端设置有加力顶压机构， 所述加力顶压机构包 括一顶压块 54和顶压杆 55， 顶压杆外套接一导向套 56， 在所述导向套端部通 过螺钉 512连接一法兰盘 II 57， 在法兰盘 II 57的端部通过六根加力螺栓 58连 接一加力盘 59， 六根加力螺栓 58均匀分布在加力盘 59以盘中心为圆心的圆周 上； 顶压杆 55与顶压块 54触接的一端为球形头 55a， 加力盘 59与顶压杆 55触 接的一端也为球形头 59a， 所述法兰盘 I 52与法兰盘 II 57均通过螺栓连接固定 板 510， 导向套 56与法兰盘 II 57通过止口 511定位且保持同心。
如图 7所示， 本发明的晶闸管阀在使用时采用电压电流混合取能的方式： 即在阀阻断状态下， 若阀端电压达到一定值， TE板的工作电源通过阻尼支路获 取； 在阀导通状态下， 流过阀的电流达到一定值时， 晶闸管串通过取能 CT将电 源传给 ΊΈ板， 即 TE板获得工作电源， 完成取能。
最后应当说明的是： 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限 制， 尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明， 所属领域的普通技术人 员应当理解： 依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换， 而未 脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换， 其均应涵盖在本发明的权利 要求范围当中。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、一种自冷式晶闸管阀， 采用由框架（1 )组成的卧式结构， 框架通过中间 横梁 （2) 分隔成上、 下两层， 框架底部采用绝缘子 （13 ) 支撑， 其特征在于： 所述框架（1 )的两两竖板间分别连接有横板（3 )， 横板上挂接有电阻（4)， 电阻 （4) 通过两根导线分别与高电位板 （8) 和电容 （9) 连接；
所述框架内上层设有由晶闸管 （61 ) 和散热器 （62) 间隔串联组成的晶闸 管串 （6)， 晶闸管串的两端通过压装机构 （5 ) 压紧， 晶闸管串穿过各取能电流 互感器 （7)， 在晶闸管的两侧对应的设有与其数量相等的高电位板 （8)， 高电 位板的一侧与框架 （1 ) 连接， 所述取能电流互感器 （7) 与高电位板 （8) 相连 接；
所述框架内下层设有与框架底板相连接的电容 （9) 和电阻 （10);
框架内顶部设有光纤槽 （11 )。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的自冷式晶闸管阀， 其特征在于： 所述框架 （1 ) 外 侧设有光纤盒 （12)。
3、如权利要求 1或 2所述的自冷式晶闸管阀，其特征在于：所述晶闸管（61 ) 采用 6英寸晶闸管。
4、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的自冷式晶闸管阀， 其特征在于： 所述电容 （9) 采用阻尼电容， 所述电阻 （10) 采用静态均压电阻。
5、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的自冷式晶闸管阀， 其特征在于： 所述框架 （1 ) 采用 10mm厚的环氧板。
6、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的自冷式晶闸管阀， 其特征在于： 所述压紧机构 (5 ) 包括蝶簧 （51 )、 法兰盘 I (52)、 导向杆 （53 ) 和加力顶压机构， 所述蝶 簧（51 )、 法兰盘 I (52)及连接在法兰盘 I上的导向杆（53 )设置在晶闸管阀串 的一端， 在晶闸管阔串的另一端设置有加力顶压机构， 所述加力顶压机构包括 一顶压块 （54) 和顶压杆 （55 )， 顶压杆外套接一导向套 （56)， 在导向套端部 连接一法兰盘 II (57)，在法兰盘的端部通过加力螺栓（58)连接一加力盘（59)， 所述顶压杆 （55 ) 与顶压块 （54) 触接的一端及加力盘 （59) 与顶压杆 （55 ) 触接的一端均为球形头，所述法兰盘 I (52)与法兰盘 II (57)均与固定板（510) 相连接。
7、如权利要求 6所述的自冷式晶闸管阀， 其特征在于： 所述加力螺栓（58) 为六根， 均匀分布在加力盘 （59) 以盘中心为圆心的圆周上， 所述导向套 （56) 与法兰盘 II (57) 通过止口 （511 ) 定位且保持同心。
8、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的自冷式晶闸管阀， 其特征在于： 所述电阻（4) 采用阻尼电阻。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的自冷式晶闸管阀， 其特征在于： 所述阻尼电阻包括 四根无感电阻（41 )和外壳（46)，四根无感电阻的上部均套接有上部安装箍（42)、 下部均套接有下部安装箍 （43 )， 每两个无感电阻的上、 下部安装箍 （42、 43 ) 间均通过螺钉 （44、 45 ) 连接以实现两个无感电阻的并联， 在上部的两个螺钉 处分别压接一与外壳 （46)连接的导线 （47)， 在下部的两个螺钉处分别压接一 导线 （48)， 这两根导线通过无感电阻下端的出线口 （49) 穿出后分别与高电位 板 （8) 和电容 （9) 相连， 所述无感电阻外套接有外壳 （46)。
10、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的自冷式晶闸管阀， 其特征在于： 所述散热器 (62) 采用热管式散热器。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的自冷式晶闸管阔， 其特征在于： 所述热管式散热 器包括散热器基体 （63 )， 在散热器基体中设有槽道 （64)， 槽道与热管 （65 ) 相耦合， 槽道的两端设有贯穿于散热器基体的通孔（66)， 所述散热器基体（63 ) 的两侧设有吊环 （67)， 基体通过吊环 （67) 将散热器 （62) 与固定板 （510) 连接。
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US20110216518A1 (en) 2011-09-08
CN101452927B (zh) 2010-06-02

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