WO2010073535A1 - 高強度コークスの製造方法 - Google Patents
高強度コークスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010073535A1 WO2010073535A1 PCT/JP2009/006862 JP2009006862W WO2010073535A1 WO 2010073535 A1 WO2010073535 A1 WO 2010073535A1 JP 2009006862 W JP2009006862 W JP 2009006862W WO 2010073535 A1 WO2010073535 A1 WO 2010073535A1
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- coal
- caking filler
- pulverized coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
- C10B57/06—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition containing additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing high strength coke by adding a caking filler to coal classified into pulverized coal and coarse coal.
- coke is required to have a required strength to ensure air permeability in the blast furnace.
- high-quality strong caking coal has been depleted as a resource for a long time. Therefore, in order to be able to produce high-strength coke even when low-quality non-slightly caking coal is used as raw coal, a caking filler that enhances the strength of coke is used.
- Patent Documents 1 to 4 Conventionally, techniques such as Patent Documents 1 to 4 have been proposed regarding methods of using such a caking filler in the production of coke.
- Patent Document 1 classifies raw coal containing non-finely coking coal into pulverized coal and coarse coal, and kneads by adding a caking filler to the classified pulverized coal. And the method of the pretreatment which mixes the kneaded pulverized coal with coarse-grained coal is indicated.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that after the raw coal is dried, it is classified into pulverized coal and coarse coal, and the caking filler is classified into the classified pulverized coal. Is added and kneaded, and a method of cooling the pulverized coal and the coarse coal during or after the classification when performing the pretreatment for mixing the kneaded pulverized coal with the coarse coal is disclosed.
- Patent Literature 3 classifies raw coal including non-fine caking coal into pulverized coal less than 0.3 mm and coarse coal larger than 0.3 mm, and classified pulverized coal.
- the pre-treatment of adding the binder to the granule and mixing the granulated coal with the coarse coal the addition amount of the binder and the kneading time are adjusted to adjust the particle size distribution of the granulated coal A method is disclosed.
- Patent Document 4 describes the amount of tar added to pulverized coal after classifying raw coal into pulverized coal and coarse coal at a classification point according to its particle size distribution. The method of determining according to the content rate of the fine powder which causes dust is disclosed.
- JP-A-10-183136 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-116970 JP 2003-226879 A JP 2001-72982 A
- Patent Documents 2 and 4 do not particularly disclose a technique for improving coke strength.
- the methods disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 3 are intended to improve coke strength.
- these methods do not always provide a sufficient coke strength improvement effect. Therefore, in order to produce coke with further improved strength, it is necessary to further study a method for adding a caking filler.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing coke using a raw material obtained by classifying raw coal into pulverized coal and coarse coal having a particle size larger than that of pulverized coal, adding a caking filler to pulverized coal, and kneading.
- a method for improving coke strength is provided.
- a method for producing high-strength coke is a raw material obtained by adding and kneading a caking filler to a blended coal classified into pulverized coal and coarse coal, and for each type of the blended coal, A change in the expansion rate of the pulverized coal when the caking filler is added and a change in the expansion
- the expansion rate of the pulverized coal and the expansion rate of the coarse coal change in the same way.
- the caking filler in the same ratio may be added to the pulverized coal and the coarse coal.
- the expansion rate of the pulverized coal and the expansion rate of the coarse coal change differently.
- the caking supplement to the pulverized coal when the expansion rate of the pulverized coal when the caking filler is added is the same as the expansion rate of the coarse coal when the caking filler is not added.
- the addition rate A0 of the material, and the addition rate A2 of the caking filler to the pulverized coal when the total amount of the caking filler used is added to the pulverized coal and (a) the addition rate A0 is When the addition rate A2 or more, the caking filler is added only to the pulverized coal, and (b) when the addition amount A0 is equal to or less than the addition rate A2, the addition rate A0
- the caking filler is added to the pulverized coal, and then the caking filler is added.
- Serial may be added to adjust the remaining caking filling material so that the respective expansion coefficients of the pulverized coal and the coarse coal is the same.
- the caking filler is added to the coarse coal and pulverized coal at the optimum addition ratio that improves the coke strength most. Since it mix
- the addition rate of the caking prosthetic material to the pulverized coal in the case of using the coal blend Y1 and Y2 is a graph showing the relationship between the intensity DI 0.99 15 of the manufactured coke. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the addition rate of the caking filler to pulverized coal at the time of using blended coal Y1, and the specific volume of coarse-grained coal and pulverized coal. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the addition rate of a caking filler, and a specific volume about the coarse coal and pulverized coal of coal C2. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the addition rate of a caking filler, and a specific volume about the coarse-grained coal and pulverized coal of coal D2.
- the classification point of coking coal varies depending on the particle size distribution of the coking coal, and is generally set to 0.3 to 0.6 mm. From the viewpoint of suppressing problems such as carry-over, it is preferable that 0.3 mm or less of raw coal is pulverized coal and a raw coal larger than 0.3 mm is coarse coal with a classification point of 0.3 mm.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the relationship between the addition rate of the caking filler to pulverized coal and the DI improvement effect ⁇ DI.
- coke is produced by changing the distribution ratio of the caking filler to coarse coal and pulverized coal, and the coke strength DI is examined.
- the raw coal is composed of 15 mass% pulverized coal and 85 mass% coarse coal, and 3 mass% caking filler is added to the raw coal.
- ⁇ DI corresponding to the increased amount of coke strength DI per 1 mass% of the caking filler added is used as an index representing the DI improvement effect.
- ⁇ DI is the difference between the strength DI of the coke produced by adding the caking filler and the strength DI of the coke produced without adding the caking filler, and the addition ratio (mass percentage) of the caking filler. It is calculated by dividing by 3.
- the caking filler in the data at the left end, is uniformly added by 3 mass% each to the coarse coal and pulverized coal. Moreover, the data on the right end add caking filler only to pulverized coal. As the addition rate of the caking filler to pulverized coal increases, the value of the DI improvement effect ⁇ DI increases. When the addition rate of the caking filler to the pulverized powder reaches 14 mass%, the value of the DI improvement effect ⁇ DI is Become the maximum. If the addition rate of the caking filler to fine powder is 14 mass% or more, the value of DI improvement effect (DELTA) DI falls as the addition rate of the caking filler to pulverized coal increases.
- DI improvement effect (DELTA) DI falls as the addition rate of the caking filler to pulverized coal increases.
- the addition rate of caking filler is 0.9 mass%.
- FIG. 2A and FIG. 3A show the relationship between the addition ratio of the caking filler to pulverized coal when various blended coals are used and the strength DI 150 15 of the produced coke.
- Table 1 shows the blending conditions of coal constituting the coal blends X1 to X3 used in FIG. 2A
- Table 2 shows the properties of the coals C1 to C5 constituting the coal blend.
- Table 3 shows the blending conditions of coal constituting the coal blends Y1 and Y2 used in FIG.
- Table 4 shows the properties of the coals D1 to D3 constituting the coal blend.
- Table 2 and Table 4 show the ratio VM of volatile components during coke production.
- Table 1 and Table 3 a plurality of coals are mixed and used in the blended coal.
- a single coal for example, only C1 can be used as the raw coal.
- a single coal is called a blended coal.
- the effect of improving the coke strength is enhanced by adding more caking filler to pulverized coal than coarse coal.
- the optimal point of the distribution ratio of caking filler to coarse coal and pulverized coal differs depending on the coal type, and coke strength is improved by distributing more than a predetermined amount of caking filler to coarse coal. It turned out that the effect to do may become high.
- Coal is a heterogeneous substance composed of a melting structure (vitrinite) and a non-melting structure (inertite).
- vitrinite is softer than inert knit, and thus is easily concentrated in pulverized coal, and inert knit tends to be concentrated in coarse coal.
- vitrinite to be melted is concentrated in the pulverized coal, the pulverized coal is small in size, and thus has a characteristic that gas easily escapes from the inside of the particle during melting and hardly expands.
- the expansion characteristics of pulverized coal and coarse-grained coal are determined by the balance between the ratio of the vitrinite and inertite structure and the size of the coal. Moreover, in the pulverized coal and coarse coal after classification, since the ratio of the vitrinite and inertite structures differs depending on the coal type, the coke strength is considered to change depending on the coal type as shown in FIGS. 2A and 3A. It is done.
- FIGS. 2B and 3B The results obtained by examining the expansion characteristics of coarse coal and pulverized coal for the blended coal used in FIGS. 2A and 3A are shown in FIGS. 2B and 3B, respectively.
- the expansion characteristic was evaluated by specific volume.
- the expansion characteristics can also be evaluated by the expansion rate.
- the specific volume of coal is obtained by using a method described in, for example, JP-A-2005-194358.
- the specific volume V (cm 3 / g) of coal is the coal volume ⁇ V (cm 3 ) at the maximum expansion measured by a dilatometer defined by JIS M 8801, or JIS M 8801 It can be obtained from the following equation (1) or (2) from the expansion coefficient b (%) measured by a specified dilatometer.
- V ⁇ V / w (1)
- V 0.96 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (1 + b / 100) / w (2)
- w is the amount (g) of coal charged into the dilatometer.
- FIG. 3A shows the specific volume relationship between the coarse coal and the pulverized coal of the blended coal Y1, but the blended coal Y2 also showed the same correspondence as the blended coal Y1.
- caking filler when caking filler is added, caking supplement to be carried by pulverized coal and coarse coal so that the specific volume of pulverized coal and the specific volume (expansion rate) of coarse coal become the same. It was found that the mixing ratio of the materials should be adjusted.
- the ratio of coarse coal in blended coal used to produce coke is (100-F) mass%
- the ratio of pulverized coal is Fmass%
- the addition rate of caking filler to the entire blended coal Is Cmass%.
- the difference in expansion coefficient is preferably 15% or less unless the difference in expansion coefficient cannot be compensated by the addition of a caking filler.
- the blending ratio of the caking filler to pulverized coal and coarse coal can be adjusted by the method shown below.
- A2 100 ⁇ C / F (3) (I) When A0 ⁇ A2 (in the case of FIG. 5B) When the difference between the specific volume of the coarse coal and the specific volume of the pulverized coal is large and the addition rate A0 is equal to or higher than the addition rate A2, the caking filler is added only to the pulverized coal. At this time, the addition rate of the caking filler to pulverized coal is A2 mass%.
- the amount of caking filler for pulverized coal and coarse coal is reduced so that the difference in expansion rate between pulverized coal and coarse coal when the caking filler is added is smaller than a predetermined value.
- Adjust caking ratio and add caking filler is determined as follows. If the difference in expansion rate between pulverized coal and coarse coal when the caking filler is added cannot be made the same, the difference between pulverized coal and coarse coal is minimized so that this difference is minimized. It is preferable to add the caking filler by adjusting the blending ratio of the caking filler. In this case, for example, a caking filler is added only to pulverized coal.
- the difference in expansion rate between pulverized coal and coarse coal when the caking filler is added can be made the same, this difference is 15% of the expansion rate of coarse coal.
- the caking filler by adjusting the blending ratio of the caking filler with respect to the pulverized coal and the coarse coal so as to be not more than%.
- the mixing ratio of the caking filler to the pulverized coal and the coarse coal is adjusted with the goal that the expansion rates of the pulverized coal and the coarse coal are the same (the difference between the expansion rates is 0). To do.
- this invention can implement by the same method irrespective of the kind of caking filler materials normally used, such as tar, pitch, and heavy oil.
- the expansion rate of pulverized coal and coarse coal was controlled using the addition rate of caking filler, but the expansion rate of pulverized coal and coarse coal was controlled using the addition amount of caking filler.
- Example 1 Using the blended coal Y1 shown in Table 3, the classification point was set to 0.3 mm, and the mixture was classified into pulverized coal and coarse coal. Ratio of caking filler to be supported on each of pulverized coal and coarse coal under conditions of 20% by mass of pulverized coal F and 3% by mass of caking filler addition ratio (to charcoal ratio) C relative to the total blended coal Adjusted. These pulverized coal and coarse coal were mixed and subjected to dry distillation in a coke oven to produce coke. These conditions and the measurement results of coke strength DI 150 15 are shown in Table 5.
- Example 1 of Table 5 added caking filler by the same ratio to pulverized coal and coarse-grained coal according to this invention.
- the coke strength DI 150 15 was 85 or more, which is the target strength.
- the coking strength DI 150 15 is the target strength because more caking filler was added to pulverized coal than to coarse coal. It was lower than 85.
- Example 2 Using the blended coal X3 shown in Table 1, the classification point was set to 0.3 mm and classified into pulverized coal and coarse coal. The ratio of the caking filler carried on each of the pulverized coal and the coarse coal was adjusted under the condition that the pulverized coal ratio F was 20 mass% and the addition rate C of the caking filler relative to the entire blended coal was 3 mass%. These pulverized coal and coarse coal were mixed and subjected to dry distillation in a coke oven to produce coke. These conditions and the measurement results of coke strength DI 150 15 are shown in Table 6.
- FIG. 7 shows that the specific volume of the pulverized coal when the caking filler is added is the same as the specific volume of the coarse coal when the caking filler is not added (addition rate of caking filler is 0 mass%).
- A0 was 10 mass%.
- A2 was 15 mass% when the addition rate A2 of the caking filler with respect to pulverized coal at the time of adding the whole quantity of caking filler to pulverized coal using (3) Formula mentioned above was calculated
- the addition rate A0 is larger than A2
- A1 was determined to be 2 and B1 was determined to be 0.75 so as to satisfy the relationship of the above-described expression (4).
- the addition rate A0 + A1 of the caking filler to the pulverized coal is 12 mass%, the coarse particles so that the specific volume of the pulverized coal and the coarse coal when the caking filler is added is the same.
- the addition rate B1 of the caking filler to charcoal was set to 0.75 mass%.
- the coke strength DI 150 15 was 85 or more, which is the target strength.
- the coke strength DI 150 15 is the target strength. It was lower than 85.
- Example 3 Using blended coal X3, the classification point was set to 0.3 mm and classified into pulverized coal and coarse coal. The ratio of the caking filler carried on each of the pulverized coal and the coarse coal was adjusted under the condition that the pulverized coal ratio F was 30 mass% and the addition rate C of the caking filler to the entire blended coal was 2.4 mass%. . These pulverized coal and coarse coal were mixed and subjected to dry distillation in a coke oven to produce coke. These conditions and the measurement results of coke strength DI 150 15 are shown in Table 7.
- FIG. 7 shows that the specific volume of the pulverized coal when the caking filler is added is the same as the specific volume of the coarse coal when the caking filler is not added (addition rate of caking filler is 0 mass%).
- A0 was 10 mass%.
- A2 was 8 mass%.
- a method for further improving coke strength in a method for producing coke using raw materials obtained by classifying raw coal into pulverized coal and coarse coal having a particle size larger than that of pulverized coal and adding a caking filler to pulverized coal. Can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2008年12月22日に、日本に出願された特願2008-326387号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
このため、従来、原料炭を発塵しやすい粒径の微粉炭と微粉炭より粒径が大きな粗粒炭とに分級し、この微粉炭に粘結補填材(タール、ピッチ類、重質油など)を加えて擬似粒子化した後、コークス炉に装入する方法が行われている。
粘結補填材の蒸発にともなう臭気の発生を防止する技術として、特許文献2には、原料炭を乾燥した後に微粉炭と粗粒炭とに分級し、分級された微粉炭に粘結補填材を添加して混練し、その混練された微粉炭を粗粒炭に混合する事前処理を行う際、分級中あるいは分級後に微粉炭と粗粒炭とを冷却する方法が開示されている。
発塵を効果的に防止する技術として、特許文献4には、原料炭をその粒度分布に応じた分級点で微粉炭と粗粒炭とに分級した後、微粒炭へのタールの添加量を粉塵の原因となる微粉の含有割合に応じて決定する方法が開示されている。
そこで、本発明者らは、粗粒炭及び微粉炭への粘結補填材の添加とコークス強度との関係について検討した。
その結果、本発明者らは、微粉炭だけではなく、粗粒炭にも粘結補填材を添加することによりコークス強度が向上する場合があること、コークス強度が最も向上する粗粒炭及び微粉炭への粘結補填材の添加割合は、配合炭の種類によって異なることを新たに見出した。
そのような知見に基づく本発明の要旨は、以下のとおりである。
(2)上記(1)に記載の高強度コークスの製造方法では、前記粘結補填材を添加した時に前記微粉炭の膨張率と前記粗粒炭の膨張率とが同じ変化をする場合には、前記微粉炭と前記粗粒炭とに対し同じ比率の前記粘結補填材を添加してもよい。
(3)上記(1)に記載の高強度コークスの製造方法では、前記粘結補填材を添加した時に前記微粉炭の膨張率と前記粗粒炭の膨張率とが異なる変化をする場合には、前記粘結補填材を添加した時の前記微粉炭の膨張率が、前記粘結補填材を添加しない時の前記粗粒炭の膨張率と同一になるときの前記微粉炭に対する前記粘結補填材の添加率A0、及び、使用する前記粘結補填材の全量を前記微粉炭に添加した場合の前記微粉炭に対する前記粘結補填材の添加率A2を求め、(a)前記添加率A0が前記添加率A2以上である場合には、前記微粉炭にのみ前記粘結補填材を添加し、(b)前記添加量A0が前記添加率A2以下である場合には、前記添加率A0の前記粘結補填材を前記微粉炭に添加し、その後、前記粘結補填材を添加した時の前記微粉炭と前記粗粒炭とのそれぞれの膨張率が同じになるように残りの粘結補填材を調整して添加してもよい。
本発明者らは、種々の割合で粘結補填材を添加させた粗粒炭と微粉炭とを用いて製造されたコークスのコークス強度を調べた。これらのコークスは、原料炭を粗粒炭と微粉炭とに分級し、粗粒炭と微粉炭とに粘結補填材を添加して混練した後、粗粒炭と微粉炭とを混合して製造した。
図1では、粗粒炭及び微粉炭に対する粘結補填材の分配割合を変えてコークスを製造し、コークス強度DIを調べている。なお、原料炭を微粉炭が15mass%、粗粒炭が85mass%の割合で構成し、原料炭に対して3mass%の粘結補填材を添加している。
図1では、DI向上効果を表す指数として、添加された粘結補填材1mass%あたりのコークス強度DIの増加量に相当するΔDIを用いた。ここで、ΔDIは、粘結補填材を添加して製造したコークスの強度DIと粘結補填材を添加しないで製造したコークスの強度DIとの差を粘結補填材の添加率(質量百分率)である3で割って求めている。
なお、ΔDIが最大になるように粘結補填材を添加した場合、微粉炭に対する粘結補填材の添加率は、2.1mass%(=15mass%×0.14)であり、粗粒炭に対する粘結補填材の添加率は、0.9mass%である。
このように、図1には、DI向上効果ΔDIの値が最大になるような粘結補填材の分配割合の最適点が存在することが示されている。
図2A及び図3Aに、種々の配合炭を用いた場合の微粉炭への粘結補填材の添加率と、製造されたコークスの強度DI150 15との関係を示す。なお、図2A及び図3Aでは、図1と同様の方法でコークスを製造し、コークス強度を調査している。
表1に図2Aで用いた配合炭X1~X3を構成する石炭の配合条件を、表2に配合炭を構成する各石炭C1~C5の性状をそれぞれ示す。また、表3に図3Aで用いた配合炭Y1及びY2を構成する石炭の配合条件を、表4に配合炭を構成する各石炭D1~D3の性状をそれぞれ示す。なお、参考のため、表2および表4中に、コークス製造時の揮発分の比率VMを示している。表1および表3では、配合炭に複数の石炭を混合して使用している。しかしながら、原料炭として単一の石炭(例えば、C1のみ)を用いることができる。この場合には、単一の石炭を配合炭と呼ぶ。
石炭は、溶融する組織(ビトリニット)と溶融しない組織(イナーチニット)とから構成されている不均質な物質である。一般的には、ビトリニットは、イナーチニットに比べ軟らかいため、微粉炭中に濃縮されやすく、イナーチニットは、粗粒炭中に濃縮されやすい傾向にある。また、溶融するビトリニットが微粉炭中に濃縮される一方で、微粉炭は、サイズが小さいため、溶融時に粒子内から外部にガスが抜けやすく、膨張しにくいという特性がある。
したがって、微粉炭及び粗粒炭の膨張特性は、ビトリニット及びイナーチニットの組織の比率と石炭のサイズとのバランスで決まると考えられる。また、原料炭中、分級後の微粉炭及び粗粒炭中において、炭種によりビトリニット及びイナーチニットの組織の比率が異なるため、図2A及び3Aに示すように、炭種によりコークス強度が変化すると考えられる。
図2A及び図3A中で用いた配合炭について、粗粒炭及び微粉炭の膨脹特性を調べた結果を、それぞれ図2B及び図3Bに示す。
図2B及び図3Bでは、膨脹特性を比容積により評価した。しかしながら、膨脹特性を膨脹率により評価することもできる。
V=ΔV/w・・・(1)
V=0.96・π・(1+b/100)/w・・・(2)
ここで、wは、ディラトメーターへの石炭装入量(g)である。
図2Aと図2Bとの比較及び図3Aと図3Bとの比較により、図2B及び図3Bにおける粗粒炭と微粉炭との比容積の値が等しくなる位置は、それぞれ、図2A及び図3Aにおけるピーク位置とほぼ対応していることが見出された。図2Bは、配合炭X3の粗粒炭と微粉炭との比容積の関係を示したが、配合炭X1及び配合炭X2も、配合炭X3と同様の対応関係を示した。また、図3Bは、配合炭Y1の粗粒炭と微粉炭との比容積の関係を示したが、配合炭Y2も、配合炭Y1と同様の対応関係を示した。
図4A及びBに得られた結果の1例を示す。配合炭の種類によって、粘結補填材を添加した時に、微粉炭の膨張率と粗粒炭の膨張率とが異なる変化をする図4Aのような配合炭と、微粉炭の膨張率と粗粒炭の膨張率とが同じ変化をする図4Bのような配合炭との2通りに分類できることが分かった。
一方、図4Bのように、粘結補填材を添加した時に微粉炭の膨張率と粗粒炭の膨張率とが同じ変化をする場合には、単純に、微粉炭と粗粒炭とに対し同じ比率の粘結補填材を添加すればよい。
さらに、粘結補填材を添加した時の微粉炭と粗粒炭とのそれぞれの膨張率の差が所定値よりも小さくなるように微粉炭と粗粒炭とに対する粘結補填材の配合比率を調整して粘結補填材を添加する。ここで、それぞれの膨張率の差を粘結補填材の添加によって埋め合わせることができない場合を除いて、膨張率の差は、15%以下であることが好ましい。例えば、以下に示す方法により、微粉炭と粗粒炭とに対する粘結補填材の配合比率を調整することができる。
(2)図5Cのように粘結補填材を添加した時に微粉炭の膨張率と粗粒炭の膨張率とが同じ変化をする場合には、微粉炭と粗粒炭とに対し同じ比率の粘結補填材を添加する。すなわち、微粉炭に対する粘結補填材の添加率をCmass%、粗粒炭に対する粘結補填材の添加率をCmass%にする。ここで、所定の添加量(例えば、15mass%)まで粘結補填材を添加する間のそれぞれの膨張率の差が15%以下である場合に、微粉炭の膨張率と粗粒炭の膨張率とが同じ変化をしていると判断する。
A2=100×C/F・・・(3)
(i)A0≧A2の場合(図5Bの場合)
粗粒炭の比容積と微粉炭の比容積との差が大きく、添加率A0が添加率A2以上である場合には、微粉炭にのみ粘結補填材を添加する。このとき、微粉炭に対する粘結補填材の添加率は、A2mass%である。
粗粒炭の比容積と微粉炭の比容積との差が(i)の場合よりも小さい場合は、微粉炭に粘結補填材を全量添加するのではなく、その差に応じて粗粒炭にも粘結補填材を添加する。
すなわち、添加量A0が添加率A2以下である場合には、まず、粘結補填材を添加した時の微粉炭の比容積が粘結補填材を添加しない時の粗粒炭の比容積と同一になるA0mass%の粘結補填材を微粉炭に添加する。さらに、粘結補填材を添加した時の微粉炭と粗粒炭とのそれぞれの比容積(膨張率)が同じになるように残りの粘結補填材を調整して添加する。なお、微粉炭の膨張率と粗粒炭の膨張率とが完全に同じになるように粘結補填材を調整することは、困難であるため、膨張率の差は、15%まで許容できる。
すなわち、残りの粘結補填材の微粉炭に対する配合割合A1及び粗粒炭に対する配合割合B1は、下記(4)式を満たすように、かつ、微粉炭の比容積と粗粒炭との比容積が同じになるように決定される。
F×(A0+A1)+(100-F)×B1=C×100・・・(4)
以上のように、本発明では、微粉炭と粗粒炭とに分級された配合炭に粘結補填材を添加して混練した原料を用いてコークスを製造する際に、粘結補填材を添加後の膨張特性(膨張率)について微粉炭と粗粒炭とでできる限り同じにすることで、石炭粒子の膨張のばらつきがなくなり、製造されたコークスが均質化される。そのため、コークス強度(DI)が向上すると考えられる。
したがって、本発明では、タール、ピッチ、重質油など通常用いられている粘結補填材の種別によらず同様の方法で実施できる。なお、上記では、粘結補填材の添加率を用いて微粉炭及び粗粒炭の膨張率を制御したが、粘結補填材の添加量を用いて微粉炭及び粗粒炭の膨張率を制御することもできる。
表3に示す配合炭Y1を用い、分級点を0.3mmとして微粉炭と粗粒炭とに分級した。微粉炭比率Fが20mass%、配合炭全体に対する粘結補填材の添加率(対炭比率)Cが3mass%の条件で、微粉炭と粗粒炭とのそれぞれに担持させる粘結補填材の比率を調整した。これらの微粉炭と粗粒炭とを混合し、コークス炉で乾留してコークスを製造した。これらの条件及びコークス強度DI150 15の測定結果を表5に示す。
これに対して、表5に示すように、比較例1および比較例2では、粗粒炭に比べて微粉炭に多く粘結補填材を添加したため、コークス強度DI150 15は、目標強度である85より低くなった。
表1に示す配合炭X3を用い、分級点を0.3mmとして微粉炭と粗粒炭とに分級した。微粉炭比率Fが20mass%、配合炭全体に対する粘結補填材の添加率Cが3mass%の条件で、微粉炭と粗粒炭とのそれぞれに担持させる粘結補填材の比率を調整した。これらの微粉炭と粗粒炭とを混合し、コークス炉で乾留してコークスを製造した。これらの条件及びコークス強度DI150 15の測定結果を表6に示す。
これに対して、表6に示すように、比較例3および比較例4では、粗粒炭または微粉炭に対する粘結補填材の添加率が不足したため、コークス強度DI150 15は、目標強度である85より低くなった。
配合炭X3を用い、分級点を0.3mmとして微粉炭と粗粒炭とに分級した。微粉炭比率Fが30mass%、配合炭全体に対する粘結補填材の添加率Cが2.4mass%の条件で、微粉炭と粗粒炭とのそれぞれに担持させる粘結補填材の比率を調整した。これらの微粉炭と粗粒炭とを混合し、コークス炉で乾留してコークスを製造した。これらの条件及びコークス強度DI150 15の測定結果を表7に示す。
これに対して、表7に示すように、比較例5では、微粉炭に対する粘結補填材の添加率が不足したため、コークス強度DI150 15は、目標強度である85より低くなった。
Claims (3)
- 微粉炭と粗粒炭とに分級された配合炭に粘結補填材を添加して混練した原料を用いた高強度コークスの製造方法であって、
前記配合炭の種類毎に、前記粘結補填材を添加した時の前記微粉炭の膨張率の変化及び前記粗粒炭の膨張率の変化をそれぞれ求め;
前記粘結補填材を添加した時の前記微粉炭と前記粗粒炭とのそれぞれの膨張率の差が所定値よりも小さくなるように前記微粉炭と前記粗粒炭とに対する前記粘結補填材の配合比率を調整して前記粘結補填材を添加する;
ことを特徴とする高強度コークスの製造方法。 - 前記粘結補填材を添加した時に前記微粉炭の膨張率と前記粗粒炭の膨張率とが同じ変化をする場合には、前記微粉炭と前記粗粒炭とに対し同じ比率の前記粘結補填材を添加することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高強度コークスの製造方法。
- 前記粘結補填材を添加した時に前記微粉炭の膨張率と前記粗粒炭の膨張率とが異なる変化をする場合には、前記粘結補填材を添加した時の前記微粉炭の膨張率が、前記粘結補填材を添加しない時の前記粗粒炭の膨張率と同一になるときの前記微粉炭に対する前記粘結補填材の添加率A0、及び、使用する前記粘結補填材の全量を前記微粉炭に添加した場合の前記微粉炭に対する前記粘結補填材の添加率A2を求め、
(a)前記添加率A0が前記添加率A2以上である場合には、前記微粉炭にのみ前記粘結補填材を添加し、
(b)前記添加量A0が前記添加率A2以下である場合には、前記添加率A0の前記粘結補填材を前記微粉炭に添加し、その後、前記粘結補填材を添加した時の前記微粉炭と前記粗粒炭とのそれぞれの膨張率が同じになるように残りの粘結補填材を調整して添加する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高強度コークスの製造方法。
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