WO2010071374A2 - 무선통신 시스템에서 펨토셀의 운영방법 - Google Patents
무선통신 시스템에서 펨토셀의 운영방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010071374A2 WO2010071374A2 PCT/KR2009/007575 KR2009007575W WO2010071374A2 WO 2010071374 A2 WO2010071374 A2 WO 2010071374A2 KR 2009007575 W KR2009007575 W KR 2009007575W WO 2010071374 A2 WO2010071374 A2 WO 2010071374A2
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- femtocell
- terminal
- csg
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- base station
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
- H04W36/0061—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link of neighbour cell information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/04—Reselecting a cell layer in multi-layered cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0203—Power saving arrangements in the radio access network or backbone network of wireless communication networks
- H04W52/0206—Power saving arrangements in the radio access network or backbone network of wireless communication networks in access points, e.g. base stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
- H04W52/243—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account interferences
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
- H04W52/243—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account interferences
- H04W52/244—Interferences in heterogeneous networks, e.g. among macro and femto or pico cells or other sector / system interference [OSI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
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- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W36/249—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters according to timing information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
- H04W36/302—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data due to low signal strength
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W36/304—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data due to measured or perceived resources with higher communication quality
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/28—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using user profile, e.g. mobile speed, priority or network state, e.g. standby, idle or non transmission
- H04W52/288—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using user profile, e.g. mobile speed, priority or network state, e.g. standby, idle or non transmission taking into account the usage mode, e.g. hands-free, data transmission, telephone
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to wireless communication, and more particularly, to a method of operating a femtocell.
- Femtocell refers to a very small mobile communication base station used indoors, such as home or office. Femtocells are used in a similar sense to pico-cells, and femtocells are used to have more advanced functions than picocells.
- a femtocell is connected to an IP network, which is widely used in homes and offices, and provides a mobile communication service by accessing a core network of a mobile communication system through an IP network.
- a femtocell is connected to a core network of a mobile communication system through a digital subscriber line (DSL).
- DSL digital subscriber line
- the user of the mobile communication system may be provided with a service through an existing macro-cell outdoors, and may be provided with a femtocell indoors.
- Femtocell improves indoor coverage of mobile communication system by compensating for deterioration of existing macro-cell service in buildings, and provides high-quality services to specific users. Voice services and data services can be provided.
- femtocells can provide new services that are not provided by macrocells, and the deployment of femtocells can accelerate fixed-mobile convergence (FMC) and reduce industrial infrastructure costs.
- FMC fixed-mobile convergence
- a femtocell is a personal communication device that an individual can install in a home or office and only a specific user can access. In general, communication equipment installed in a home or office is continuously turned on even when it is not used. In order to reduce the interference between the femtocell and the macrocell, the femtocell may use a different frequency band from the macrocell. When a terminal that cannot access a femtocell is located in a femtocell cell region, the terminal cannot use the frequency band assigned to the femtocell and must use a different frequency band regardless of whether the femtocell frequency band is used. Accordingly, there may be a restriction on the use of radio resources for the terminal adjacent to the femtocell, and limited radio resources may not be used efficiently.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently operating a femtocell.
- a method of providing a service to a closed subscriber group (CSG) terminal belonging to a specific terminal group and a non-CSG terminal not included in the specific terminal group is provided. And triggering a change to an operation mode providing a service only to the CSG terminal, and instructing the non-CSG terminal to change the operation mode to handover.
- CSG closed subscriber group
- the CSG terminal and the non-specific terminal group are not included in the CSG terminal and an operation mode in which a service is provided only to a closed subscriber group (CSG) terminal belonging to a specific terminal group. And triggering a change to an operation mode for providing a service to the CSG terminal, and informing the CSG terminal or the non-CSG terminal of the change of the operation mode.
- CSG closed subscriber group
- a method for performing a handover process may include determining a handover criterion and performing a handover according to the handover criterion. Determining and performing a handover process to a macrocell or an adjacent femtocell, wherein the handover criterion includes a state in which the connected femtocell is powered off, whether the data rate of the connected femtocell is below a threshold, and a service policy of the femtocell. At least one.
- the femtocell can be operated efficiently and the restriction on the terminal adjacent to the femtocell can be reduced.
- the frequency band of the femtocell that is not being used can be utilized, thereby providing a high data rate service.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication system.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a structure of a radio frame.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of a frame structure.
- FIG. 5 shows a method of switching an operation mode of a femtocell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 shows a method of switching an operation mode of a femtocell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is an example illustrating an arrangement relationship between a macrocell and a femtocell.
- FIG. 8 shows a method of switching an operation mode of a femtocell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating elements of a terminal.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating elements of a femtocell.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication system including a mobile femtocell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an operation mode of a femtocell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a handover process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- CDMA code division multiple access
- FDMA frequency division multiple access
- TDMA time division multiple access
- OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
- SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
- CDMA may be implemented with a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000.
- TDMA may be implemented with wireless technologies such as Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE).
- GSM Global System for Mobile communications
- GPRS General Packet Radio Service
- EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
- OFDMA may be implemented in a wireless technology such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16e (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), and the like.
- UTRA is part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS).
- 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) is part of an Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using E-UTRA, and employs OFDMA in downlink and SC-FDMA in uplink.
- IEEE 802.16m is an evolution of IEEE 802.16e.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication system.
- Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various communication services such as voice and packet data.
- a general wireless communication system includes a user equipment (UE) and a base station (BS).
- the terminal may be fixed or mobile, and may be referred to in other terms, such as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), and a wireless device.
- MS mobile station
- UT user terminal
- SS subscriber station
- a base station generally refers to a fixed station for communicating with a terminal, and may be referred to as other terms such as Node-B, Base Transceiver System, and Access Point.
- One or more cells may exist in one base station.
- the base station may be divided into a femto base station 20 and a macro base station 60 according to a cell coverage or deployment scheme.
- the cell of the femto base station 20 has a smaller size than the cell of the macro base station 60. All or some of the cells of the femto base station 20 may overlap with the cells of the macro base station 60. As such, a structure in which a small range of cells are overlapped and disposed in a wide range of cells is called a hierarchical cell structure.
- the femto base station 20 may be referred to by other terms such as a femto-cell, a home node-B, a home eNode-B, and a closed subscriber group (CSG) cell.
- the macro base station 60 may be referred to as a macro-cell by distinguishing it from a femtocell.
- the femto base station 20 is connected to a femto gateway 30 through an Iuh interface.
- Iuh interface means an interface between the femto base station 20 and the femto gateway 30 through the IP network.
- the femto gateway 30 is an entity managing at least one femto base station 20.
- the femto gateway 30 may perform registration, authentication, and security procedures of the femto base station 20 so that the femto base station 20 may access the core network 90 of the wireless communication system.
- the macro base station 60 is connected to a radio network control (RNC) 70 via an Iub interface.
- RNC 70 is an entity managing at least one macro base station 60 and connects the macro base station 60 to the core network 90.
- the macro base station 60 is connected to the core network 90 by a dedicated line, while the femto base station 20 is connected to the core network 90 through an IP network.
- the femto base station 20 is shown as being connected to the core network 90 through the femto gateway 30, the femto base station 20 may be connected to the core network 90 through the femto gateway 30.
- a terminal connected to the femto base station 20 is called a femto UE 10, and a terminal connected to the macro base station 60 is called a macro UE 50.
- the femto terminal 10 may be a macro terminal 50 through a handover to a macro base station, and the macro terminal 50 may be a femto terminal 10 through a handover to a femto base station.
- the femto base station 20 may be connected to the IP network by wire or wirelessly.
- Wireless LAN, ZigBee, power line communication (PLC), home phone networking alliance (HomePNA), RS-485, etc. for connection between femto base station 20 and IP network
- PLC power line communication
- HomePNA home phone networking alliance
- RS-485 etc.
- a femto base station wirelessly connected to an IP network is called a wireless femtocell.
- the wireless femtocell can use a battery for the user's convenience, and there is a need for a method of reducing power consumption due to battery use.
- a mode of the femto base station 20 may be set.
- the femto base station 20 may provide a service in an idle mode, an active mode, or the like.
- the wireless femtocell has a WLAN function and can be used integrated with a wireless AP.
- the wireless femtocell may be installed in a vehicle.
- a femtocell installed in a vehicle having mobility is called a mobile femto-cell.
- the femto gateway 30 may be configured in association with the macro base station 60.
- one femto gateway 30 may correspond to one macro base station 60.
- one femto gateway 30 may correspond to each sector among a plurality of sectors of the macro base station 60.
- the cell area of the macro base station 60 may be divided into a plurality of areas, and one femto gateway 30 may correspond to each divided area or a group of areas.
- a plurality of macro base stations 60 may be bundled into a group, and one femto gateway 30 may correspond to one macro base station group.
- one femto gateway 30 may correspond to one tracking area.
- the femto gateway 30 may define a management range of the femto gateway 30 regardless of the macro base station 30 or the tracking area.
- the femto base station 20 or the macro base station 60 When the femto base station 20 or the macro base station 60 performs a self organization process, the femto base station 20 or the macro base station 60 transmits the configuration information of the femto gateway 30 to the core network 90. ) Can be requested.
- the core network 90 may provide configuration information of the femto gateway 30 to the femto base station 20 or the macro base station 60.
- the femto base station 20 or the macro base station 60 may provide configuration information of the femto gateway 30 to the femto terminal 10 or the macro terminal 50 as necessary.
- Configuration information of the femto gateway 30 may be identifier (identifier) information of the femto gateway 30.
- the macro base station 60 may use FFR (Fractional Frequency Reuse) to increase the efficiency of radio resources.
- the macro base station 60 may determine the FFR factor in consideration of the arrangement structure of the femto base station 20.
- the macro base station 60 may determine a threshold for the placement of the femto base station 20, and may assign a low FFR factor to the macro terminal 50 when the placement of the femto base station 20 is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold.
- the threshold for the placement of the femto base station 20 may be the number, density, etc. of the femto base station 20 disposed in a predetermined area.
- the macro base station 60 may have a plurality of sectors, and different frequency bands may be used for each sector.
- the femto base station 20 included in each sector may use a frequency band used in another sector. Accordingly, interference between the macro base station 60 and the femto base station 20 can be mitigated.
- FFR between the femto base station 20 may be performed through the air interface or femto gateway 30 configured between the femto base station 20.
- adjacent femto base stations 20 may allocate frequency bands so that interference can be minimized by exchanging information on FFRs used by the adjacent femto base stations 20.
- the femto base station 20 may request a frequency band to be applied to the FFR to the femto gateway 30, the femto gateway 30 to the femto base station 20 in consideration of the arrangement of the femto base station 20 to the FFR You can allocate the frequency band to apply.
- Information about the femto base station 20 may be broadcast from the macro base station 60 or the femto base station 20.
- the macro terminal 50 or the femto terminal 10 may obtain the information of the adjacent femto base station 20 by monitoring the broadcast message of the femto base station 20.
- System information of the femto base station 20 may be multicast or unicast without being broadcast from the macro base station 60 or the femto base station 20.
- the cell ID set of the macro base station 60 and the femto base station 20 may be provided with different specific symbols or sequences.
- the femto terminal 10 or the macro terminal 50 in the RRC_IDLE state or the RRC_CONNECTED state may perform cell selection or cell reselection using an autonomous search function.
- the femto terminal 10 or the macro terminal 50 in the RRC_IDLE state or the RRC_CONNECTED state may perform cell selection or cell reselection by manual selection.
- the automatic search function is a method in which a UE performs cell search for cell selection or cell reselection without a command from a base station or allocation of a gap for cell search.
- Passive discovery is a method of performing cell selection or cell reselection by allocating a gap for cell discovery from a base station.
- the terminal in the RRC_CONNECTED state may inform the network of the need for the measurement gap for automatic discovery, and the network may assign the measurement gap to the terminal.
- the UE in the RRC_IDLE state may select the highest rank cell according to the best cell principle for the femto base station 20 to which it can connect.
- the terminal may report information indicating an appropriate femto base station to which it can connect to the serving base station.
- the serving base station refers to a femto base station or a macro base station that provides a communication service in a terminal.
- the terminal may identify an appropriate femto base station to access based on its own white list. A list of femto base stations that can be connected to white, and information about the state of the femto base station. The white list may be provided from a higher layer.
- the femto base station 20 or the macro base station 60 may transmit a cell indicator (eg. 1 bit) indicating whether the femto base station or a femto base station using a specific physical cell ID (PCI).
- PCI physical cell ID
- the cell indicator may be transmitted through a broadcast message or a paging message.
- downlink means communication from the base station to the terminal
- uplink means communication from the terminal to the base station.
- a transmitter may be part of a base station and a receiver may be part of a terminal.
- a transmitter may be part of a terminal and a receiver may be part of a base station.
- CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
- WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
- TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
- FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
- SC-FDMA Single-Carrier FDMA
- Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access Various multiple access schemes can be used.
- the hierarchical cell structure may be a radio frame structure of at least one of a macro cell and a femtocell.
- a radio frame may consist of 10 subframes, and one subframe may consist of two slots. Slots in a radio frame are numbered slots 0 through 19. The time taken for one subframe to be transmitted is called a transmission time interval (TTI). TTI may be referred to as a scheduling unit for data transmission.
- TTI may be referred to as a scheduling unit for data transmission.
- one radio frame may have a length of 10 ms
- one subframe may have a length of 1 ms
- one slot may have a length of 0.5 ms.
- the subframe may be divided into two slots in the time domain.
- a slot may be a unit for allocating radio resources in a time domain and a frequency domain.
- One slot may include a plurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain and at least one subcarrier in the frequency domain. For example, one slot may include 7 or 6 OFDM symbols.
- the subframe may include a plurality of resource blocks (RBs).
- Resource block is a basic unit of radio resources allocated to the terminal.
- the RB may include a plurality of subcarriers.
- a resource block may be a region consisting of 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain and two slots in the time domain.
- Ten subframes may constitute one radio frame.
- a frequency band is divided into three parts, two parts on both sides can be used as a control area, and an intermediate part can be used as a data area. Since the control region and the data region use different frequency bands, the frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is performed. This is merely an example, and arrangement of the control region and the data region on the subframe is not limited. In addition, the number of subframes included in the radio frame or the number of slots included in the subframe and the number of OFDM symbols included in the slot may be variously changed.
- FDM frequency division multiplexing
- Slots allocated to each terminal may be frequency hopping on a subframe. That is, one of two slots allocated to one terminal may be allocated in one frequency band, and the other may be allocated to be alternately allocated in the other frequency band. A frequency diversity gain can be obtained by transmitting a control region for one terminal through slots allocated to different frequency bands.
- multiple users may be multiplexed by code division multiplexing (CDM).
- CDM code division multiplexing
- the structure of the radio frame is merely an example, and the number of subframes included in the radio frame or the number of slots included in the subframe may be variously changed.
- the frame structure may include at least one of a macro cell and a femtocell.
- a superframe includes a superframe header and four frames (frames, F0, F1, F2, and F3).
- the size of each superframe is 20ms and the size of each frame is illustrated as 5ms, but is not limited thereto.
- the superframe header may be disposed at the earliest in the superframe, and a common control channel is assigned to the superframe header.
- the common control channel is a channel used for transmitting control information that can be commonly used by all terminals in a cell, such as information on frames or system information of a superframe.
- a synchronization channel for transmitting a synchronization signal may be arranged in the superframe header or adjacent to the superframe header.
- the synchronization signal may include cell information such as a cell ID.
- One frame includes a plurality of subframes (Subframe, SF0, SF1, SF2, SF3, SF4, SF5, SF6, SF7).
- Each subframe may be used for uplink or downlink transmission.
- the subframe may consist of 6 or 7 OFDMA symbols, but this is only an example.
- a time division duplexing (TDD) scheme or a frequency division duplexing (FDD) scheme may be applied to the frame.
- TDD time division duplexing
- FDD frequency division duplexing
- each subframe is used for uplink transmission or downlink transmission at different times at the same frequency. That is, the subframes in the frame of the TDD scheme are classified into an uplink subframe and a downlink subframe in the time domain.
- each subframe is used for uplink transmission or downlink transmission at different frequencies at the same time. That is, subframes in the frame of the FDD scheme are divided into an uplink subframe and a downlink subframe in the frequency domain. Uplink transmission and downlink transmission occupy different frequency bands and may be simultaneously performed.
- the subframe includes at least one frequency partition.
- the frequency partition is composed of at least one Physical Resource Unit (PRU).
- PRU Physical Resource Unit
- the frequency partitions may include Contiguous / Localized PRUs and / or Distributed / non-contiguous PRUs. Frequency partitioning may be used for other purposes such as Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) or Multicast and Broadcast Services (MBS).
- FFR Fractional Frequency Reuse
- MBS Multicast and Broadcast Services
- a PRU is defined as a basic physical unit for resource allocation that includes a plurality of physically contiguous OFDMA symbols and a plurality of physically contiguous subcarriers.
- the number of OFDM symbols included in the PRU may be equal to the number of OFDMA symbols included in one subframe. For example, when one subframe consists of 6 OFDMA symbols, the PRU may be defined with 18 subcarriers and 6 OFDMA symbols.
- Logical Resource Units are basic logical units for distributed resource allocation and localized resource allocation. The LRU is defined by a plurality of OFDMA symbols and a plurality of subcarriers and includes pilots used in a PRU. Thus, the appropriate number of subcarriers in one LRU depends on the number of pilots assigned.
- DRUs Distributed Resource Units
- the DRU includes subcarrier groups distributed in one frequency partition.
- the physical size of the DRU is equal to the physical size of the PRU.
- the minimum physically contiguous subcarrier units forming each subcarrier group distributed in the DRU may be one or more subcarriers.
- Contiguous Resource Units or Localized Resource Units may be used to obtain frequency selective scheduling gains.
- the CRU includes a local subcarrier group.
- the physical size of the CRU is equal to the physical size of the PRU.
- CRUs and DRUs may be supported in a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) manner in the frequency domain.
- FDM frequency division multiplexing
- the entire subcarriers used in the bandwidth of the system constitute PRUs.
- One PRU includes 18 subcarriers in the frequency domain and may consist of 6 OFDMA symbols or 7 OFDMA symbols in the time domain.
- the number of OFDM symbols included in the PRU depends on the type of subframe.
- Subframe types include subframe type-1 including 6 OFDM symbols and subframe type-2 including 7 OFDMA symbols, but are not limited thereto, and include various numbers of OFDM symbols such as 5 OFDMA symbols and 9 OFDMA symbols.
- the subframe type may be defined.
- the PRUs are divided into subbands and minibands according to a predetermined PRU partitioning method (S110).
- Subband refers to a unit of a continuous PRU or a minimum unit forming a CRU in the frequency domain.
- the size of the frequency domain of the subband may be 4 PRUs.
- Miniband refers to a unit of a distributed PRU or a unit forming a DRU.
- the size of the frequency band of the miniband may be one PRU or an integer multiple of the PRU.
- the entire PRU may be selected in units of 4 PRUs, which are subband sizes, and allocated to subbands and minibands.
- the PRU belonging to the subband is called PRU SB and the PRU belonging to the miniband is called PRU MB .
- the total number of PRUs is equal to the sum of the number of PRU SBs and the number of PRU MBs .
- the PRU SBs of the subbands and the PRU MBs of the minibands are reordered.
- the PRU SBs of the subbands are numbered from 0 to (number-1 of PRU SBs ), and the PRU MBs of the minibands are numbered from 0 to (number-1 of PRU MBs ).
- the PRU MB of the miniband is miniband permutated to mix in the frequency domain so as to guarantee frequency diversity in each frequency partition (S120). That is, the numbering PRU MB is the PPRU MS (permuted PRU-MS) mixed according to a predetermined permutation (or mapping rules).
- the PRU SB and PRU MB are then allocated to one or more frequency partitions.
- a cell-specific resource mapping process such as CRU / DRU allocation, sector specific permutation, subcarrier permutation, etc. is performed for each frequency partition.
- the base size of CRUs that are physically continuous in the frequency domain is 4 CRUs. That is, a frequency band that is physically continuous in the frequency domain may be guaranteed only in units of 4 PRUs.
- Some PRUs of 4 PRUs contiguous in the frequency domain may be allocated to user data or control signals using radio resources of sizes smaller than 4 PRUs.
- user data or control signals using radio resources larger than 4 PRUs cannot be allocated consecutive PRUs of 4 PRUs or more in the frequency domain. That is, a channel requiring more than 4 PRUs of consecutive PRUs is not supported.
- data includes user data and control signals.
- data includes user data and control signals.
- radio resources that require continuous PRUs of 4 PRUs or less, there is a restriction in that allocation in the frequency domain should be limited only to the region to which the subband is allocated.
- the bandwidth of the wireless communication system may be divided into a plurality of frequency partitions, wherein the divided frequency partitions may include a frequency partition for data and / or control signals of a macrocell, a frequency partition for a broadcast channel of a macrocell, and a frequency for a femtocell. May be assigned to a compartment or the like.
- the frequency partition for the data and / or control signal of the macrocell may be allocated to be jointly used as the frequency partition for the femtocell, but the frequency partition for the broadcast channel of the macrocell may not be assigned as the frequency partition for the femtocell. have.
- the operation mode of the femtocell is divided into (1) public mode, (2) private mode, and (3) flexible private mode.
- the public mode is a mode in which a femtocell operates like a normal base station. That is, the femtocell in the public mode may allow access to all terminals, such as a macrocell. The femtocell in the public mode may be opened to a terminal requesting access and provide a service. The femtocell in the public mode is called a public femtocell.
- the private mode is a mode in which a femtocell provides a service only to a specific terminal.
- a terminal or a group of terminals that can access a femtocell in a private mode is called a closed subscriber group (CSG).
- the femtocell in the private mode may provide a service only to terminals of the CSG associated with it.
- the femtocell in the private mode is closed to the connection of the terminal to allow the connection.
- the femtocell in the private mode is called a private femtocell.
- the flexible private mode is a mode for providing a service to a terminal of a CSG associated with it and a non-CSG terminal not included in the CSG.
- the flexible private mode may be referred to as a mode that performs a combination of a public mode and a private mode.
- the femtocell in the flexible private mode may provide services for the CSG terminal and the non-CSG terminal differently.
- the femtocell in the flexible private mode may provide a priority to the non-CSG UE by granting access priority to the CSG UE.
- a femtocell in flexible private mode is called a flexible private femtocell.
- the operation mode of the femtocell may be changed according to the owner's or operator's policy or the femtocell's service status.
- the femtocell in the private mode may be switched to the flexible private mode according to the coordination of the owner or operator or the service situation of the femtocell.
- the femtocell of the flexible private mode may be switched to the private mode according to the coordination of the owner or operator or the service situation of the femtocell.
- a femtocell in a private mode shows a procedure of switching to a flexible private mode and an access procedure of a non-CSG terminal according to a femtocell's operation mode change.
- the operation mode change of the femtocell may be performed according to whether an operation mode change trigger is generated (S210).
- the operation mode change trigger from the private mode to the flexible private mode may be determined according to the request of the CSG terminal or the non-CSG terminal or the service status of the femtocell.
- the private femtocell may consider changing the operation mode according to the access request of the non-CSG terminal.
- the private femtocell may consider switching to the flexible private mode when the current data rate is low compared to the maximum data rate that it can provide.
- switching to the flexible private mode may be considered when all CSG terminals located in the private femtocell are in the idle mode or the sleep mode or when there is no CSG terminal in the private femtocell. Can be.
- the data rate provided to the CSG terminal located in the private femtocell is less than or equal to a certain threshold, switching to the flexible private mode may be considered. If the remaining bandwidth other than the bandwidth allocated to the CSG terminal among the bandwidth of the private femtocell is greater than or equal to the threshold, switching to the flexible private mode may be considered.
- the femtocell that determines the change of the operation mode transmits an operation mode change message to a femto GW or a core network (CN) of the wireless communication system (S220).
- the operation mode change message may include a cell ID of the femtocell, a CSG ID, a CSG list, and operation mode information of the femtocell. Changing the operation mode may mean a new configuration of the femtocell.
- the operation mode change information may be included in the configuration message of the femtocell.
- the femto gateway or the core network may transmit a confirmation message in response to the operation mode change message to the femtocell (S230).
- the confirmation message for the operation mode change message may be omitted depending on the system.
- the femtocell switches to the flexible private mode (S240).
- a flexible private femtocell may be accessed by a non-CSG terminal as well as a CSG terminal.
- the flexible private femtocell may provide access and services in preference to non-CSG UEs by granting access priority to CSG UEs.
- the femtocell that has switched to the flexible private mode transmits an operation mode notification message (S250).
- the operation mode notification message may include a 1-bit or 1-bit indicator indicating the operating mode of the femtocell. For example, if the bit value of the indicator is 0, it may indicate a private mode and if it is 1, it may indicate a flexible private mode. On the contrary, if the bit value of the indicator is 0, it may indicate a flexible private mode and if it is 1, it may indicate a private mode.
- the operation mode notification message may be transmitted through a ranging message or a paging message or a broadcast message or a synchronization signal or system information.
- an indicator indicating an operation mode of the femtocell may be added to a ranging message, a paging message, a broadcast message, a synchronization signal, system information, etc. to indicate notification or change of the operation mode of the femtocell.
- the phase shift of the ranging message, the paging message, the broadcast message, the synchronization signal, and the system information may notify the change of the operation mode of the femtocell without additional bits.
- an indicator indicating an operation mode of a femtocell may be masked and transmitted to a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) added to a ranging message, a paging message, a broadcast message, a synchronization signal, and system information.
- CRC cyclic redundancy check
- the operation mode notification message may be transmitted through a higher layer message such as a radio resource control (RRC) message, a media access control (MAC) message, or an L1 / L2 message.
- RRC radio resource control
- MAC media access control
- L1 / L2 message an L1 / L2 message.
- the operation mode notification message may be broadcasted.
- the private femtocell may transmit the CSG ID and the flexible private femtocell may not notify the UE of the operation mode of the femtocell by not transmitting the CSG ID.
- the femtocell may be informed by using different cell IDs when the femtocell is in the private mode and the flexible private mode. That is, the cell ID may be divided into a cell ID for the private mode and a cell ID for the flexible private mode.
- the cell ID of the femtocell may be a part of the cell ID of the existing macrocell or a newly configured cell ID. Some of the cell IDs of the femtocell may be used as cell IDs for the private mode, and the other part may use the flexible private mode. Can be used as a cell ID for.
- the non-CSG terminal receiving the operation mode notification message indicating the switch to the flexible private mode may transmit a bandwidth request to the flexible private femtocell for access (S260).
- the non-CSG terminal may not be connected to a femtocell in a private mode and may be an idle mode or a terminal accessing a macro cell to perform communication.
- the bandwidth request may be a message or bandwidth request indicator that includes information required for bandwidth allocation.
- Information required for bandwidth allocation includes a terminal ID and a flow ID scheduling type.
- the bandwidth request message may be a MAC message.
- the non-CSG terminal and the CSG terminal may have a white list (whist list) indicating the CSG list or the accessible cell, the non-CSG terminal and the CSG terminal is the operation mode notification to inform the switch to the flexible private mode When the message is received, it can update its own CSG list or white list information.
- the flexible flexible femtocell transmits an UL grant message in response to the bandwidth request (S270).
- the uplink grant message may include confirmation of the bandwidth request message, radio resource information (location, size, etc.), UE ID, and the like for uplink transmission.
- the flexible private femtocell may grant access and allow access to a non-CSG terminal through an authentication procedure.
- the flexible private femtocell may transmit non-CSG terminal information requesting access to a femto gateway or a core network (S280).
- the femto gateway or the core network may acquire information on the non-CSG terminal to perform location information update and paging of the non-CSG terminal.
- the non-CSG terminal receiving the uplink grant message may transmit uplink data through the allocated uplink radio resource (S290).
- a femtocell in a flexible private mode shows a procedure of switching to a private mode and an access procedure of a non-CSG terminal according to a femtocell's operation mode switching.
- an operation mode change of a femtocell may be performed according to whether an operation mode change trigger is generated (S310).
- the operation mode change trigger from the flexible private mode to the private mode may be determined according to the request of the CSG terminal or the service status of the femtocell.
- the flexible private femtocell may consider changing the operation mode according to the access request of the CSG terminal. Since the flexible private femtocell gives access priority to the CSG terminal, when the CSG terminal requests access, the flexible private femtocell may consider changing the operation mode to the private mode.
- the data rate for the CSG terminal is increased, so that the service for the non-CSG terminal may affect the service for the CSG terminal.
- Switching to private mode may be considered.
- the data rate provided to the CSG terminal located in the flexible private femtocell is more than a certain threshold, switching to the private mode may be considered.
- the remaining bandwidth except the bandwidth allocated to the CSG terminal among the bandwidths of the flexible private femtocell is less than or equal to the threshold, switching to the private mode may be considered.
- the femtocell that determines the change of the operation mode transmits an operation mode change message to a femto GW or a core network (CN) of the wireless communication system (S320).
- the operation mode change message may include a cell ID of the femtocell, a CSG ID, a CSG list, and operation mode information of the femtocell. Changing the operation mode may mean a new configuration of the femtocell.
- the operation mode change information may be included in the configuration message of the femtocell.
- the femto gateway or the core network may transmit a confirmation message to the femtocell in response to the operation mode change message (S330).
- the confirmation message for the operation mode change message may be omitted depending on the system.
- the flexible flexible femtocell transmits an operation mode change message to the terminal (S340).
- the operation mode change message transmitted to the terminal is a message for notifying that the flexible private femtocell switches to the private mode after a certain time.
- the operation mode change message may be multicast or unicast to non-CSG terminals that are broadcast or connected to all terminals.
- the operation mode change message may be transmitted several times at regular intervals before the operation mode is changed.
- the operation mode change message may include information on when to switch to the private mode.
- the operation mode change message may include a 1-bit or 1-bit indicator indicating the change of the operation mode of the femtocell.
- the operation mode change message may be transmitted through a ranging message or a paging message or a broadcast message or a synchronization signal or system information.
- an indicator indicating a change in the operation mode of the femtocell may be added to a ranging message, a paging message, a broadcast message, a synchronization signal, system information, etc. to indicate a change or notification of the operation mode of the femtocell.
- the phase shift of the ranging message, the paging message, the broadcast message, the synchronization signal, and the system information may notify the change of the operation mode of the femtocell without additional bits.
- an indicator indicating an operation mode of the femtocell may be masked to a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) added to a ranging message, a paging message, a broadcast message, a synchronization signal, and system information to indicate a change in the operation mode.
- CRC cyclic redundancy check
- the operation mode change message may be transmitted through a higher layer message such as a radio resource control (RRC) message, a media access control (MAC) message, or an L1 / L2 message.
- RRC radio resource control
- MAC media access control
- the non-CSG terminal receiving the operation mode change message indicating the switch to the private mode performs a handover to the macro cell or another femtocell adjacent to the device (S350). That is, the operation mode change message for notifying the switch to the private mode may be a message indicating a handover to a non-CSG terminal that is connected.
- the non-CSG UE may update its CSG list or white list information.
- the flexible flexible femtocell transmits an operation mode change message to the terminal, and then changes the operation mode to the private mode (S360).
- the change to the private mode may be made after a predetermined time after sending the operation mode change message.
- FIG. 7 is an example illustrating an arrangement relationship between a macrocell and a femtocell.
- a femtocell may be disposed in a cell region of the macrocell 160, which is called an overlapped femto-cell 120.
- the femtocell may be disposed outside the cell area of the macrocell 160, which is referred to as a non-overlapped femto-cell.
- the non-overlap femtocell may be an independent femtocell in which the system does not belong to the cell region of any other base station, or may be a semi-independent femtocell belonging to the cell region of the base station of another system.
- the overlap femtocell 120 and the non-overlap femtocell 130 may change the operation mode as necessary as described above.
- the non-CSG terminal may perform handover to the macro cell even when the non-CSG terminal is connected to the handover when switching from the flexible private mode to the private mode.
- the non-overlap femtocell 130 when a non-CSG UE is handed over when switching from the flexible private mode to the private mode, the non-CSG UE performs a handover to a macro cell or another femtocell. Since it cannot be performed, the non-CSG terminal may not receive a communication service.
- a communication service for a non-CSG terminal should be considered.
- FIG. 8 shows a method of switching an operation mode of a femtocell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- a procedure of switching from a flexible private mode to a private mode and an access procedure of a non-CSG terminal according to an operation mode switching are shown.
- the operation mode change of the femtocell may be performed according to whether an operation mode change trigger occurs (S410).
- the operation mode change trigger from the flexible private mode to the private mode may be determined according to the request of the CSG terminal or the service status of the femtocell.
- the flexible private femtocell may consider changing the operation mode according to the access request of the CSG terminal. Since the flexible private femtocell gives access priority to the CSG terminal, when the CSG terminal requests access, the flexible private femtocell may consider changing the operation mode to the private mode.
- a flexible private femtocell provides a service to a CSG terminal and a non-CSG terminal
- the data rate for the CSG terminal is increased so that the service for the non-CSG terminal can affect the service for the CSG terminal.
- Switching to private mode may be considered.
- the data rate provided to the CSG terminal located in the flexible private femtocell is greater than or equal to a certain threshold
- switching to the private mode may be considered.
- the remaining bandwidth except the bandwidth allocated to the CSG terminal among the bandwidths of the flexible private femtocell is less than or equal to the threshold, switching to the private mode may be considered.
- the femtocell that determines the change of the operation mode transmits an operation mode change message to a femto GW or a core network (CN) of the wireless communication system (S420).
- the operation mode change message may include a cell ID of the femtocell, a CSG ID, a CSG list, and operation mode information of the femtocell. Changing the operation mode may mean a new configuration of the femtocell.
- the operation mode change information may be included in the configuration message of the femtocell.
- the femto gateway or the core network may transmit a confirmation message in response to the operation mode change message to the femtocell (S430).
- the femto gateway may inform that the femtocell is a non-overlap femtocell in consideration of the placement relationship of the femtocell.
- the non-overlap femtocell information may be included in the acknowledgment message and transmitted from the femto gateway or the core network to the femtocell.
- the femtocell may know in advance that it is a non-overlap femtocell, and thus, the non-overlap femtocell information may not be transmitted from the femto gateway or the core network.
- the confirmation message for the operation mode change message may be omitted depending on the system.
- the femtocell transmits the service coordination message to the non-CSG terminal (S440).
- the service coordination message may be a message indicating that the data rate for the non-CSG terminal will be reduced.
- the service coordination message may be multicast or unicast to non-CSG terminals that are broadcasting or accessing all terminals.
- the service coordination message may be transmitted several times at regular intervals before the data rate adjustment for the non-CSG terminal.
- the service adjustment message may include information on when the data rate is adjusted.
- the service adjustment message may include one bit or one or more indicators indicating the adjustment of the data rate. For example, if the bit value of the indicator is 0, it may indicate that there is no adjustment of the data rate and if it is 1, it may indicate that adjustment of the data rate is performed.
- the service coordination message may be transmitted through a ranging message or a paging message or a broadcast message or a synchronization signal or system information.
- an indicator indicating adjustment of the data rate of the femtocell may be added to the ranging message, paging message, broadcast message, synchronization signal, system information, etc. to indicate adjustment of the data rate of the femtocell.
- the phase shift of the ranging message, the paging message, the broadcast message, the synchronization signal, and the system information may inform the adjustment of the data rate of the femtocell without additional bits.
- an indicator indicating an adjustment of the data rate of the femtocell may be masked to a CRC added to a ranging message, a paging message, a broadcast message, a synchronization signal, and system information to indicate an adjustment of the data rate.
- the service coordination message may be transmitted through an upper layer message such as an RRC message or a MAC message or an L1 / L2 message.
- the non-CSG terminal receiving the service coordination message transmits an acknowledgment message to the femtocell (S450).
- the non-CSG UE first verifies whether to handover to a macrocell or another femtocell adjacent thereto.
- the non-CSG terminal transmits an acknowledgment message to the femtocell when it wants to receive a low data rate service from the current femtocell.
- a non-CSG terminal having decided to handover to a macrocell or another femtocell adjacent thereto may perform handover to the macrocell or another femtocell without transmitting an acknowledgment message.
- the femtocell provides a service by reducing the data rate for the non-CSG terminal (S460).
- the femtocell may maintain the flexible private mode without switching to the private mode and only lower the data rate for the non-CSG terminal. If the acknowledgment message is not received from the femtocell, the femtocell may switch to the private mode.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating elements of a terminal.
- the terminal 200 includes a processor 210, a memory 220, an RF unit 230, a display unit 240, and a user interface unit. , 250).
- the processor 210 implements the layers of the air interface protocol to provide a control plane and a user plane. Functions of the layers may be implemented through the processor 210.
- the processor 210 may process the access procedure according to the operation mode of the femtocell described above.
- the processor 210 may implement an operation of a terminal according to a function of a femtocell, which will be described later.
- the memory 220 is connected to the processor 210 to store a terminal driving system, an application, and a general file.
- the memory 220 may include a universal subscriber identity module (USIM).
- USIM universal subscriber identity module
- the memory 220 may store a cell ID, a CSG ID, a CSG list, a white list, and the like for accessing a macrocell or femtocell.
- the display unit 240 displays various information of the terminal, and may use well-known elements such as liquid crystal display (LCD) and organic light emitting diodes (OLED).
- the user interface 250 may be a combination of a well-known user interface such as a keypad or a touch screen.
- the RF unit 230 is connected to the processor 210 and transmits and / or receives a radio signal.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating elements of a femtocell.
- the femtocell 300 includes a processor 310, a memory 320, an RF unit 330, an IP protocol unit 340, and a user. And an interface unit 350.
- the processor 310 implements the layers of the air interface protocol to provide a control plane and a user plane. Functions of the layers may be implemented through the processor 310.
- the processor 310 may manage the operation mode of the femtocell described above.
- the processor 310 may distinguish between the CSG terminal and the non-CSG terminal by using the information stored in the memory 320.
- the processor 310 may implement a function of a femtocell to be described later.
- the memory 320 is connected to the processor 310 to store a femtocell driving system, an application, and a general file.
- the memory 320 may store a CSG ID, a CSG list, a white list, and the like for distinguishing the CSG terminal and the non-CSG terminal.
- the IP interface unit 340 supports access to an IP network, and includes a wireless LAN, ZigBee, power line communication (PLC), home phone networking alliance (HomePNA), and RS.
- Well-known modules such as -485 can be used.
- the user interface 350 may be a combination of a well-known user interface such as a keypad or a touch screen. The user may adjust / change the operation mode of the femtocell using the user interface unit 350.
- the RF unit 230 is connected to the processor 310 and transmits and / or receives a radio signal.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication system including a mobile femtocell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a mobile femto-cell 230 refers to a femtocell having mobility because it is installed in a vehicle such as an aircraft, a ship, a train, or a vehicle.
- a femtocell having no mobility because it is installed in a home or an office is referred to as a fixed femto-cell 220.
- the mobile femtocell 230 may configure an air interface X2 with an adjacent macrocell 260 or a fixed femtocell 220 according to the movement of the vehicle.
- the mobile femtocell 230 may configure an interface S1 with the core network 290 of the wireless communication system.
- the mobile femtocell 230 can access the core network 290 through an IP network (backbone network).
- the macro cell 260 and the fixed femtocell 220 also form an interface S1 with the core network 290.
- the mobile femtocell 230 transmits information on a terminal connected to itself to the adjacent fixed femtocell 220 or the adjacent macrocell 260, white list information of each terminal, and the like through the air interface X2 or the backbone network S1. I can tell you. For example, when the mobile femtocell 230 moves and approaches the fixed femtocell 220 or the macrocell 260, request the configuration of the air interface X2 to the fixed femtocell 220 or the macrocell 260. When the air interface X2 is configured, information about a terminal connected to itself through the air interface X2 and white list information of each terminal may be transmitted.
- the mobile femtocell 230 notifies its access to the fixed femtocell 220 or the macrocell 260 through the backbone network S1 configured with the core network 290, and accesses to itself through the backbone network S1.
- Information about the terminal and white list information of each terminal may be transmitted.
- the fixed femtocell 220 or the macrocell 260 is connected to the mobile femtocell 230, the information on the terminal, the white list information of each terminal, etc. through the air interface (X2) or backbone network (S1) mobile femtocell 230 ), And the mobile femtocell 230 may inform information about a terminal connected to itself through a wireless interface X2 or a backbone network S1, white list information of each terminal, and the like.
- the mobile femtocell 230 may broadcast its system information to the adjacent fixed femtocell 220, the adjacent macrocell 260, or the adjacent terminal (not shown).
- the mobile femtocell 230 may transmit its system information in a multicast scheme or a unicast scheme.
- the mobile femtocell 230 may transmit an indicator for cell division through system information.
- the indicator for cell division is an indicator (eg, using a 1-bit indicator) for discrimination from the fixed femtocell 220 and / or the macrocell 260.
- the mobile femtocell 230 may use the characteristic cell ID for cell division.
- a portion of an existing physical cell ID may be used or a PCI provided separately.
- the mobile femtocell 230 may use a predetermined specific frequency band, and thus, the mobile femtocell may be identified.
- the mobile femtocell 230 may hold information on a departure point and a destination, and when the terminal arrives at a destination while retaining information on terminals connected to the mobile station, the fixed femtocell 220 of the destination is located. Or it may be delivered to the macro cell 260. Information on the connected terminals may be transmitted through the air interface X2 or the backbone network S1 configured with the fixed femtocell 220 or the macrocell 260.
- the mobile femtocell 230 may not inform the fixed femtocell 220 or the macrocell 260 that are located on the path about the terminals. Meanwhile, the mobile femtocell 230 may provide a white list for the fixed femtocell 220 or the macrocell 260 of the destination to the terminal boarding the vehicle.
- the terminal information of the occupant may be provided to the mobile femtocell 230 installed in the vehicle, and thus the mobile femtocell 230 may restrict access. That is, the mobile femtocell 230 may obtain the terminal information on the vehicle and generate and use the CSG terminal list. Information about the mobile femtocell 230 installed in the vehicle may be provided to the terminal of the occupant as a white list, and the terminal may record the mobile femtocell 230 on the white list. The terminal may access the mobile femtocell 230 using the white list.
- the mobile femtocell 230 may configure an interface X2 between an adjacent macrocell, a micro-cell, a mobile / fixed femtocell, a pico-cell, and a base station.
- the mobile femtocell 230 may be a public femtocell that allows access of all terminals or a private femtocell or a flexible femtocell in a flexible private mode that allows access of a predetermined terminal.
- the mobile femtocell 230 may charge a service fee by sending accessing user information to a network.
- the terminal may request an authentication token for access to the mobile femtocell 230 through the mobile femtocell 230, the adjacent fixed femtocell 220, or the macrocell 260, and the corresponding cell may be charged or not authenticated by the terminal.
- the cell may grant an authentication token for access to the mobile femtocell 230 to a terminal capable of accessing the mobile femtocell 230.
- the terminal may perform an access process to the mobile femtocell 230 using the granted authentication token.
- the authentication token that allows access to the mobile femtocell 230 may be maintained or expired according to conditions such as a predetermined time, section, area, and the like.
- the information on the connectivity to the mobile femtocell 230 described above may be transmitted to the corresponding terminal in a broadcast, multicast, or unicast manner.
- the mobile femtocell 230 may divide all or part of a channel (frequency band) used by the macrocell 260. Alternatively, the mobile femtocell 230 may use a specific frequency band distinguished from the frequency band used by the macrocell 260. The mobile femtocell 230 may use the same frequency band as the channel used by the fixed femtocell 220, use only some frequency bands, or use specific frequency bands that do not overlap each other. Information on a channel (frequency band) used by the mobile femtocell 230 may be transmitted through a broadcast message or may be transmitted in a multicast or unicast manner. The mobile femtocell 230 may configure an interface (X2) between adjacent mobile / fixed femtocells and a base station to exchange information about a channel or exchange channel information through a backbone network.
- X2 interface
- the terminal may identify the mobile femtocell 230 through an indicator indicating the mobile femtocell 230 or a specific PCID, and may know the frequency band used by the mobile femtocell 230.
- Synchronization between the mobile femtocell 230 and the macrocell 260 may be performed in a GPS-based manner, a precision timing protocol (PTP) -based scheme, or an air interface-based scheme.
- the mobile femtocell 230 may acquire information about the macro cell 260 from an adjacent terminal to perform synchronization.
- the macro cell 260 may transmit a specific pilot pattern according to a predetermined period, and the mobile femtocell 230 may receive the specific pilot pattern and perform synchronization with the macro cell 260.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an operation mode of a femtocell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- an operation mode of the femtocell may be defined and operated.
- the femtocell may be in a power on state and a power off state. In the power-on state of the femtocell, the femtocell may operate in an active mode, an idle / sleep mode, a power adjust mode, or the like.
- the power off state of a femtocell includes a scheduled power off and a sudden power off state.
- the active mode refers to a state in which a femtocell provides a communication service to a terminal
- the idle / sleep mode refers to a state in which no communication service is provided to a terminal.
- the power control mode refers to a state in which the femtocell controls the DL / UL power. For example, a femtocell adjusts the DL / UL power according to the operation in the active mode or the idle / sleep mode, or adjusts the DL / UL power to mitigate the inter-cell interference according to the automatic configuration of the adjacent femtocell or the change of the operation mode. Can be.
- the scheduled power off state is a case in which the femtocell can perform its own power off state
- the sudden power off state means a case in which the femtocell cannot schedule its power off state.
- the femtocell may perform a process of switching to a predetermined power off state when the connection with the IP network is lost or when the transmission rate of the IP network falls below a predetermined minimum transmission rate.
- the femtocell may perform a process of switching to a sudden power off state when the power is suddenly cut off or the air interface with the terminal is cut off.
- Femtocells in idle / sleep mode transmit system information at longer intervals than femtocells in active mode.
- the femtocell in the idle mode may transmit system information at a longer period than the femtocell in the sleep mode.
- the femtocell may switch to the idle mode or the sleep mode when all terminals of the service target leave the cell station of the femtocell or handover to another femtocell or macrocell. Alternatively, when all the modes of the service target terminals of the service target are switched to the idle mode or the sleep mode, the femtocell may switch to the idle mode or the sleep mode.
- the femtocell may switch the operation mode to the idle / sleep mode after a predetermined mode change time.
- the mode change time may be a time required for the femtocell to switch the operation mode or a time for delaying the change of the operation mode after a predetermined time.
- the femtocell determines to switch the operation mode, it can inform the femto gateway or the core network of the operation mode switch.
- the switching of the operation mode of the femtocell may be transmitted to the femto gateway or the core network through the configuration message of the femtocell.
- the femtocell may be switched to the active mode at the request of the terminal.
- the terminal may request that the femtocell switch to the active mode based on its own white list.
- the white list of the terminal may be provided from a higher layer.
- the femtocell in the idle / sleep mode may wake up at regular intervals to monitor whether there is a terminal to serve around, and the terminal may request to switch to the active mode in a cycle in which the femtocell wakes up.
- the terminal may request to switch the femtocell to the active mode with the macrocell including the cell area of the femtocell, and the macrocell may request the femtocell to switch to the active mode.
- the operation mode of the femtocell may be switched by the femto gateway or the core network.
- the femtocell in the active mode may inform the terminal that it is not serving the femto gateway or the core network, and the femto gateway or the core network may instruct the femtocell to switch to the idle / sleep mode.
- the femto gateway or the core network may check the service state of the adjacent femtocell, and instruct the change of the operation mode of the femtocell according to the situation of the adjacent femtocell.
- the femto gateway or core network may instruct the femtocells to operate in the active mode.
- the femto gateway or core network may instruct the change of the operation mode of the femtocell in consideration of the mobility of the neighboring femtocell and the surrounding terminals. For example, the femto gateway or the core network may determine whether there is a terminal approaching the femtocell, and instruct the femtocell in the idle / sleep mode to operate in the active mode.
- the femto gateway or core network may instruct the femtocell to change the operation mode at the request of an adjacent femtocell. For example, when an adjacent femtocell requests to switch the operation mode of a specific femtocell to the idle / sleep mode, the femto gateway or the core network confirms whether the femtocell can switch to the idle / sleep mode and instructs the switching of the operation mode. can do.
- the femtocell is connected to the mobile core network through the IP network of the home or office.
- the IP network is a common network used by a large number of users.
- the femtocell suddenly loses network access or the network transmission rate drops below the threshold while providing communication service to the terminal. Can be.
- the user may turn off the femtocell or the femtocell may be turned off due to a power failure. Sudden power off of the femtocell may not guarantee the continuity of the voice service and may deteriorate the quality of the data service.
- the terminal When the connection with the femtocell is disconnected, the terminal must perform handover to the adjacent femtocell or macrocell to receive continuous communication service.
- the femtocell may periodically transmit information indicating its power on in the active mode and / or idle / sleep mode. If the terminal does not receive information indicating power on of the femtocell, the terminal may recognize the sudden power off of the femtocell, and when the sudden power off of the femtocell is recognized, the UE performs handover to an adjacent femtocell or macrocell. On the other hand, the UE monitors the system information from the femtocell, broadcast signal, etc.
- the UE which recognizes the sudden power off of the femtocell, may update state information of the femtocell on its own white list.
- the femtocell may inform the target base station of state information of the femtocell while performing a handover to an adjacent femtocell or macrocell.
- the UE monitors system information from the femtocell, a broadcast signal, and the like, if a signal is not transmitted for a predetermined time or a signal is transmitted below a threshold transmission rate, the UE may notify the sudden power off of the femtocell to an adjacent femtocell or macrocell.
- the critical transmission rate of the femtocell may be a predetermined value and may be determined differently according to the type of communication service. For example, the threshold transmission rate may be set high for a real time communication service and the threshold transmission rate may be set low for a non-real time communication service.
- the macrocell may store a list of terminals accessing a femtocell located within its cell coverage, and may preferentially allow access to a terminal attempting handover due to a sudden power off of the femtocell. For example, due to a sudden power off of the femtocell, a UE attempting handover may perform a non-competition based handover or a handover using an identifier previously assigned from a macrocell.
- Transmission power control of femtocells is the most important way to reduce interference with macrocells or adjacent femtocells. Although research on how to determine the maximum transmission power and the minimum transmission power of the femtocell has been conducted, there is no concrete proposal for a method of determining the transmission power of the femtocell in consideration of the operation mode of the femtocell.
- the femtocell can adjust the transmission power as well as the transmission period of the system information and the broadcast signal according to the operation mode.
- the femtocell in the active mode can provide a communication service by increasing the transmission power
- the femtocell in the idle sleep / mode can transmit the required signal by lowering the transmission power.
- the transmission power is adjusted according to the operation mode of the femtocell means that the cell coverage of the femtocell is changed according to the operation mode.
- the list of neighboring femtocells may be changed, and radio resources used between neighboring femtocells may be allocated differently. That is, when the cell coverage of the femtocell is changed, the interference structure between the femtocells may be changed, and the power of the femtocell may be adjusted to adjust the interference structure.
- the femtocell adjusts to a predetermined transmission power according to active mode or idle / sleep mode, adjusts transmission power by directly measuring interference with neighboring cells, or adjusts transmission power based on an interference measurement report of a terminal, You can adjust the transmit power as directed.
- the femtocell may broadcast the information on the system information or transmit the information to the specific terminal in a multicast or unicast manner.
- the power control mode of the femtocell takes into account the on / off of the femtocell power source, which can be changed from time to time. For example, if the second femtocell is installed through automatic configuration at a point immediately adjacent to the first femtocell securing proper cell coverage, the first femtocell and the second femtocell need to adjust cell coverage to reduce interference between femtocells. There is.
- femtocells can either (a) establish an interface between femtocells to exchange transmit power information with each other, or (b) provide their transmit power information via a network and receive a transmit power adjustment message from the network. By adjusting its own cell coverage, or (c) adjusting its own cell coverage according to the interference report of the UE.
- the femtocell may broadcast information, such as a start time of the power off state and a duration of the scheduled power off state, to the terminals in order to switch to the scheduled power off state.
- the femtocell may inform the femto gateway or the core network of information such as the start time of the power off state and the duration of the scheduled power off state, and the core network may inform the femtocell or the macrocell of an adjacent femtocell.
- the terminal may record the scheduled power off state of the femtocell on its white list.
- the terminal may inform the femtocell or the macrocell of the predetermined power off state of the femtocell.
- the adjacent femtocell or macrocell may receive the scheduled power off state of the femtocell through a report from the terminal or the core network, and record it in its neighbor base station list.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a handover process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a terminal accessing a femtocell determines a defined handover criterion (S510).
- the terminal determines the handover criteria to determine whether to perform a handover process to a macro cell or an adjacent femtocell.
- Handover from a femtocell to a macrocell or an adjacent femtocell is called outbound handover.
- the criteria of outbound handover may be defined as follows.
- Power off state of the femtocell The UE performs handover to a macrocell or an adjacent femtocell when the femtocell is turned off.
- Threshold of data rate of femtocell The terminal performs handover to a macrocell or an adjacent femtocell when the femtocell's data rate falls below a predetermined threshold.
- the threshold may be a lowest threshold that is absolutely determined regardless of the type of communication service, or may be a service-based threshold that is relatively determined according to the type of service (eg, VoIP, data packet, MBS, etc.).
- Femtocell Service Policy When the usage condition of the UE is released according to the femtocell service policy, the UE performs handover to a macrocell or an adjacent femtocell. At this time, the femtocell may request the terminal to perform handover according to the service policy.
- the service policy of a femtocell may be a type of service, a usage time, etc., which are provided to a terminal in a chargeable femtocell, and may be a movement path or an area in a mobile femtocell.
- the terminal performs a handover process to a macro cell or an adjacent femtocell according to the determination result of the handover criterion (S520).
- the terminal may set at least one of the above handover criteria as its own handover criterion, and if the set handover criterion corresponds, the terminal performs an outbound handover process.
- a processor such as a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or the like according to software or program code coded to perform the function.
- ASIC application specific integrated circuit
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Abstract
Description
Claims (6)
- 무선통신 시스템에서 펨토셀의 운영방법에 있어서,특정 단말 그룹에 속하는 CSG(closed subscriber group) 단말 및 상기 특정 단말 그룹에 포함되지 않는 non-CSG 단말에게 서비스를 제공하는 운영모드에서 상기 CSG 단말에게만 서비스를 제공하는 운영모드로의 변경이 트리거(trigger)되는 단계; 및상기 non-CSG 단말에게 운영모드의 변경을 지시하여 핸드오버시키는 단계를 포함하는 무선통신 시스템에서 펨토셀의 운영방법.
- 제1 항에 있어서, 상기 CSG 단말은 상기 non-CSG 단말보다 우선적으로 접속할 수 있는 접속 우선권을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선통신 시스템에서 펨토셀의 운영방법.
- 제1 항에 있어서, 상기 운영모드의 변경을 펨토 게이트웨이 또는 핵심망으로 알리는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선통신 시스템에서 펨토셀의 운영방법.
- 무선통신 시스템에서 펨토셀의 운영방법에 있어서,특정 단말 그룹에 속하는 CSG(closed subscriber group) 단말에게만 서비스를 제공하는 운영모드에서 상기 CSG 단말 및 상기 특정 단말 그룹에 포함되지 않는 non-CSG 단말에게 서비스를 제공하는 운영모드로의 변경이 트리거(trigger)되는 단계; 및상기 CSG 단말 또는 상기 non-CSG 단말에게 운영모드의 변경을 알리는 단계를 포함하는 무선통신 시스템에서 펨토셀의 운영방법.
- 제4 항에 있어서, 상기 non-CSG 단말로부터 접속 요청을 수신하면 상기 non-CSG 단말의 정보를 펨토 게이트웨이 또는 핵심망으로 알리는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선통신 시스템에서 펨토셀의 운영방법.
- 마크로셀 및 펨토셀을 포함하는 계층적 셀 구조의 무선통신 시스템에서 핸드오버 과정을 수행하는 방법에 있어서,핸드오버 기준을 판단하는 단계; 및상기 핸드오버 기준에 따라 핸드오버를 결정하여 마크로셀 또는 인접 펨토셀로 핸드오버 과정을 수행하는 단계를 포함하고, 상기 핸드오버 기준은 접속된 펨토셀의 전원이 꺼진 상태, 접속된 펨토셀의 데이터율이 임계치 이하인지 여부 및 펨토셀의 서비스 정책 중 적어도 어느 하나인 핸드오버 과정을 수행하는 방법.
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EP09833652.2A EP2378810A4 (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2009-12-17 | METHOD OF OPERATING A FEMTOCELL IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM |
EP17191484.9A EP3277026B1 (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2009-12-17 | Method for operating femtocell in wireless communication system |
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CN200980150597.5A CN102246561B (zh) | 2008-12-17 | 2009-12-17 | 操作无线通信系统中的毫微微小区的方法 |
JP2011542012A JP5564059B2 (ja) | 2008-12-17 | 2009-12-17 | 無線通信システムにおけるフェムトセルの運営方法 |
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US16/269,613 US20190174426A1 (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2019-02-07 | Method for operating femtocell in wireless communication system |
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CN102246561B (zh) | 2014-06-04 |
EP3277026A1 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
KR101285849B1 (ko) | 2013-07-12 |
US20180167893A1 (en) | 2018-06-14 |
JP5564059B2 (ja) | 2014-07-30 |
EP2378810A2 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
CN102246561A (zh) | 2011-11-16 |
US20110244870A1 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
WO2010071374A3 (ko) | 2010-10-14 |
ES2834022T3 (es) | 2021-06-16 |
US10244486B2 (en) | 2019-03-26 |
US20140179324A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
US8630650B2 (en) | 2014-01-14 |
EP3277026B1 (en) | 2020-09-09 |
US20190174426A1 (en) | 2019-06-06 |
KR20110111374A (ko) | 2011-10-11 |
JP2012512591A (ja) | 2012-05-31 |
EP2378810A4 (en) | 2014-09-03 |
KR20100070279A (ko) | 2010-06-25 |
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