WO2010063842A2 - Générateur d'une machine de refroidissement - Google Patents

Générateur d'une machine de refroidissement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010063842A2
WO2010063842A2 PCT/EP2009/066440 EP2009066440W WO2010063842A2 WO 2010063842 A2 WO2010063842 A2 WO 2010063842A2 EP 2009066440 W EP2009066440 W EP 2009066440W WO 2010063842 A2 WO2010063842 A2 WO 2010063842A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
generator
tube
intake
end plate
jacket
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/066440
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010063842A3 (fr
Inventor
Alexander Teusser
Ulrich Barth
Original Assignee
Solarcool Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Solarcool Ag filed Critical Solarcool Ag
Priority to EP09768027A priority Critical patent/EP2356383A2/fr
Publication of WO2010063842A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010063842A2/fr
Publication of WO2010063842A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010063842A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F25B39/026—Evaporators specially adapted for sorption type systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/10—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type with inert gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F25B39/028—Evaporators having distributing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of cooling machines and more particularly to the field of Diffusion-Absorption Cooling Machines.
  • the invention relates to a refrigerating unit, which can be operated by means of a thermal solar system as energy source, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a refrigerating unit which can be operated by means of a thermal solar system as energy source, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • US patent 7201017 to Barth et al which teaches a refrigerating unit having an expeller, a triple heat exchanger, a condenser, an evaporator, a gas heat exchanger, an absorber, and a fuel reservoir which are actively connected to form a closed fuel circuit with one another.
  • Such a diffusion-absorption refrigerating unit is suitable to be operated by means of various energy sources.
  • a thermal solar system as well as another heat transfer medium circuit can be used for the alternative or enhancing energizing of the refrigerating unit.
  • a diffusion-absorption refrigerating unit is thus advantageously suitable, in a manner which is flexible and favorable for operation, to be energized with thermal energy by means of a thermal solar system as well as, if needed or desired, by additional or alternative energy sources.
  • the refrigerating unit is characterized by comprising solely non-moving parts (i.e., for example, no pumps and/or compressors).
  • the refrigeration unit is maintenance-friendly, relatively favorable from the standpoint of cost and can be operated, at least nearly without noise.
  • the unit can be actively connected to an expeller formed as a gas bubble pump for the desorption and vaporization of a fuel contained in a solution.
  • a gas bubble pump is particularly suitable for desorbing and vaporizing, in a manner which is effective and favorable for operation, a fuel contained in a solution such as, for example, ammonia (NH3) in an ammonia-rich solution.
  • a gas bubble pump permits an efficient heat transfer accomplished by means of a thermal energy source, which is a prerequisite for reliable and effective desorption and vaporization of the fuel (ammonia).
  • the performance of the generator of the unit disclosed in US patent 7201017 has to be further improved in terms of efficiency. It is thus an object of the invention to provide a refrigeration unit having improved performance over the refrigeration unit disclosed in the prior art.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional side view illustration of a lower part of a generator, according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional side-view illustration a lower part of a generator, according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional side-view illustration of an upper part of a generator, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional side-view illustration of an upper part of a generator, according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional side-view illustration of an upper part of a generator, according to a yet alternative embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional side-view illustration of an pipe communicating with a refrigerant (vapor) outlet of an upper part of a generator according to an embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional side view illustration of a unitary component assembly evaporator - gas heat exchanger - absorber, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional side view illustration of an impelling unit, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional side view illustration of a pre-cooling configuration before the evaporator. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • the present invention discloses a generator of a cooling machine which is a tube-in-tube heat exchanger housing a plurality of ascending tubes surrounded by a generator jacket tube forming a jacket cavity.
  • the plurality of ascending tubes is operative to receive a refrigerant-solvent solution via a solution intake of the generator jacket tube.
  • the jacket cavity is operative to receive a heating medium via a heating intake of the generator jacket tube, and the plurality of ascending tubes is held in a fixed position within the generator jacket tube by a lower end plate and/or an upper end plate.
  • the ascending tubes are constructively arranged with the heating intake and the generator jacket tube such that at least some lower portion the ascending tubes remain substantially unheated by the heating medium provided from the heating intake.
  • the generator has an insulating configuration that provides insulation between the heating intake and a lower portion of the plurality of ascending tubes.
  • the heating intake is located at a distance above the solution intake such that heating of the refrigerant-solvent solution takes place at a distance above the solution intake to minimize the quantity of bubbles in the refrigerant-solvent solution leaving the plurality of ascending tubes through their lower opening.
  • the plurality of ascending tubes extends downwardly from the lower end plate towards the solution intake thus forming a lower generator tube protrusion minimizing the probability that bubbles that are possibly generated in the refrigerant-solvent solution move downward towards into collecting chamber of the generator.
  • the generator includes a blank plate located between the heating intake and said solution intake and mechanically coupled with the ascending tubes, e.g., by point welding.
  • the blank plate covers the cross-sectional area of the jacket cavity formed by the generator jacket tube to divide the jacket cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity.
  • the blank plate has an insulating effect which minimizes the amount of energy transferred to the lower portion of the ascending tubes.
  • the plurality of ascending tubes is coupled in a gastight and pressure tight manner with the lower end plate.
  • the lower end plate covers a cross-sectional area of said jacket cavity and thus prevents escape of bubbles out of the bottom of the plurality ascending tubes into the jacket cavity.
  • the blank plate is located closer to the heating intake than to the solution intake.
  • the generator includes deflection panels which protrude in a horizontally staggering and vertically spaced manner with respect to one another upwardly starting from the heating intake into the generator jacket tube, wherein the deflection panels have a vertical distance between one another and which cover partially the cross-sectional area.
  • the generator includes a plurality of upper generator tube protrusions extending beyond an upper end plate, which is located between the heating intake and a solvent outlet being above the upper end plate.
  • the upper surface of the upper end plate together with the generator jacket tube the constitute a solvent reservoir or collecting chamber operative to receive solvent leaving the plurality of ascending tubes from the top, and wherein the upper generator tube protrusions prevent backflow of the solvent leaving a first ascending pipe into a second ascending pipe.
  • the upper end plate includes a collecting plate to which the plurality of upper generator tube protrusions is mechanically coupled.
  • a pipe is communicating with a refrigerant outlet of the generator, wherein the pipe is shaped such to prevent backflow of condensed refrigerant vapor into the generator.
  • the pipe extends downwardly from said refrigerant outlet.
  • the pipe has a projection in height leading to another connection, wherein the projection is implemented by incorporating a kink at the outlet of the pipe.
  • a generator 1100 is configured similarly to a shell and tube heat exchanger comprising a plurality of perpendicularly upright interior ascending tubes 1160 which are surrounded by a generator jacket tube 1105.
  • a heating medium (not shown) required for heating a solvent (not shown) flows in a jacket cavity 1199 (provided, e.g., over a heating intake 1140), whereas refrigerant-solvent solution flows in ascending tubes 1160.
  • the refrigerant is separated from the solvent as a result of the heating.
  • the refrigerant which has been transferred to the gaseous phase rises upwards in ascending tubes 1160 and at the same time conveys the refrigerant-solvent solution upwards.
  • ascending tubes 1160 are constructively arranged with heating intake 1140 and generator jacket tube 1105 such that at least a lower portion 1161 of said ascending tubes 1160 remain substantially unheated.
  • generator 1100 has an insulating configuration that provides insulation between heating intake 1140 and a lower portion 1161 of the plurality of ascending tubes 1160.
  • heating by the external medium may not be performed at the lower commencement of ascending tubes 1160 but only from a certain height H thereabove, in order to minimize the quantity of bubbles in said refrigerant-solvent solution at a location in ascending tubes 1160 which may be at least approximately in alignment with solution intake 1110.
  • This may be constructively implemented, for example, by mechanically coupling a lower generator tube protrusion 1130 to ascending tubes 1160 which projects into lower collecting chamber 1120 of generator 1100.
  • a blank panel 1175 may be employed covering the entire free inner cross-sectional area of generator jacket cavity 1199.
  • the position of blank panel 1175 is below the heating intake 1140 (or heating outlet 1140 depending on the direction of flow of the heating medium through generator jacket cavity 1199).
  • blank panel 1175 forms a dead space 1650 of a specified size through which no flow of heating medium takes place.
  • blank plate 1175 is located closer to heating intake 1140 than to solution intake 1110.
  • ascending tubes 1160 depart from lower end plate 1151 such that lower end plate 1151 covers said cross-sectional area, thus preventing escape of bubbles, which are nevertheless generated, out of the bottom of ascending tubes 1160 into a jacket cavity 1199 formed by jacket tube 1105 and ascending tubes 1160.
  • generator 1100 includes deflection panels 1170 which protrude in a horizontally staggering and vertically spaced manner with respect to one another upward starting from heating intake 1140 into generator jacket tube 1105. Deflection panels 1170 may have a vertical distance between one another and partially cover the cross-sectional area of jacket cavity 1199 i.e., they partially protrude in a horizontal manner into generator jacket tube 1105.
  • generator 1100 features at the upper end of ascending tubes 1160, upper generator tube protrusions 1165 of a specific height H may be provided at the piping beyond upper generator end plate 1152. Upper generator tube protrusion 1165 may prevent any backflow of the conveyed refrigerant-solvent solution into ascending tubes 1160.
  • the gaseous refrigerant is separated from the liquid refrigerant-solvent solution.
  • the refrigerant-solvent solution is collected by a collecting plate 1153 in order to then leave generator 1100 in the direction of a solution heat exchanger through a solvent outlet 1190.
  • the gaseous refrigerant flows into refrigerant outlet 1180.
  • generator 1100 may include collecting plate 1153 which may be fastened on upper generator end plate 1152 adjacent to upper generator tube protrusion 1165. Collecting plate 1153 includes holes at the points at which ascending tubes 1160 are coupled with upper generator end plate 1152.
  • upper generator tube protrusions 1165 may be fixedly coupled with collecting plate 1153. Upper generator tube protrusions 1165 with collecting plate 1153 may thus form a collecting chamber in which the conveyed solution can be collected to prevent backflow of the solution into ascending tubes 1160.
  • a pipe 1197 coupled with a refrigerant outlet 1180 may have a kink 1198, which passes the refrigerant vapor downwards only over a specified section. Only then is the connection made to a dephlegmator or to the gas inlet of the condenser via connection 1600.
  • a collecting chamber 615 for the refrigerant-rich auxiliary gas may have to be provided between absorber 620 and gas heat exchanger 610 for connection of absorber 620 with gas heat exchanger 610.
  • From collecting chamber 615 at least one bypass tube 640 passes by its absorber head 622 into the lower region of absorber 620.
  • the refrigerant-rich auxiliary gas is distributed there to individual absorber tubes 625.
  • At least one transfer tube 630 passes through collecting chamber 615 which passes the low-refrigerant auxiliary gas from absorber head 622 into gas heat exchanger 610.
  • Lower end plate 616 of collecting chamber 615 is provided with openings (not shown) through which unvapohsed refrigerant can pass into absorber 620.
  • Gas heat exchanger tubes 650 are guided seamlessly as far as lower gas heat exchanger end plate 611 to connect evaporator 1000 with gas heat exchanger 610. Accordingly, the continuation of gas heat exchanger tubes 650 are evaporator tubes 1115.
  • the lower evaporator end plate 612 thus constitutes then at the same time upper gas heat exchanger end plate 612.
  • Evaporator tubes 1115 are connected in a gastight manner and in a pressure-tight manner to the required extent to the upper evaporator end plate (not shown) and to lower evaporator end plate 612 and lower gas heat exchanger end plate 611 by suitable means such as, for example, welding, soldering, bonding or rolling.
  • An impelling unit 700 of a cooling system is in an embodiment of the invention a tube-in-tube heat exchanger having at least one perpendicularly upright interior ascending pipe 720, which is surrounded by the impelling unit's jacket wall 710.
  • the refrigerant-rich solution coming from the solution heat exchanger or absorber flows via opening 702 from bottom to top in ascending pipe(s) 720 exits via opening 703 to generator 1100.
  • the refrigerant-low solution received from generator 1100 via opening 701 flows from top to bottom in counterflow via opening 704 to the solution heat exchanger or absorber.
  • the refrigerant-low solution transfers heat to the refrigerant-rich solution.
  • Refrigerant e.g., Ammonia
  • Refrigerant is thereby converted into the gaseous phase collected in vapor dome 730 and flows via gas opening 705 to the dephlegmator (not shown) or condenser (not shown).
  • the rich-refrigerant solution flows away in the direction of generator 1000. It is important that the outflow takes place at a lower level than the liquid level of refrigerant- rich solution in the reservoir of absorber 620.
  • the main function of the impelling unit is the one of a solution heat exchanger, i.e., in the case of the embodiment of the invention, facilitating heat transfer from the rich solution to the poor solution.
  • Pre-cooling of the refrigerant before the evaporator is the one of a solution heat exchanger, i.e., in the case of the embodiment of the invention, facilitating heat transfer from the rich solution to the poor solution.
  • a connecting tube may be communicatively coupled between a condenser 950 and an evaporator head 900 which is dimensioned so that in addition to the refrigerant 930 liquefied in the condenser, a gas phase 940 can also coexist. This serves to provide the necessary pressure compensation between condenser 950 and evaporator head 900.
  • a pre-cooling of a refrigerant 930 takes place due to partial evaporation of refrigerant 930.
  • the pre-cooling can be further increased by communicatively coupling a separate gas line 910 parallel to and above connecting tube 920.
  • Gas line 910 is coupled with evaporator head 900 and the transition between condenser 950 and evaporator head 900. Alternatively, gas line 910 can also run inside connecting tube 920. Suitable measures should be taken to prevent any penetration of liquid refrigerant 930 into gas line 910. [0054] It should be noted that the present invention may be employed in association with various energy sources, including but not limited to, any type of passive energy sources such as, for example, e.g., solar energy, process heat, and the like. In some embodiments, the cooling machine may be employed as a heating pump.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un générateur (1100) d'une machine de refroidissement qui est un échangeur de chaleur à double tube contenant une pluralité de tubes ascendants (1160) entourés par un tube enveloppe de générateur (1105) formant une cavité d'enveloppe (1199). Les tubes ascendants (1160) sont conçus pour recevoir une solution riche en fluide frigorigène via une entrée de solution (1110) du tube enveloppe de générateur (1105). La cavité d'enveloppe (1199) est conçue pour recevoir un fluide de chauffage via une entrée de chauffage (1140) et les tubes ascendants (1160) sont maintenus dans une position fixe dans le tube enveloppe de générateur (1105) par une plaque d'extrémité inférieure (1151) et/ou une plaque d'extrémité supérieure (1152). L'invention est caractérisée en ce que les tubes ascendants (1160) ont un agencement structural tel que l'entrée de chauffage (1140) et le tube enveloppe de générateur (1105) sont disposés pour qu'au moins une partie inférieure (1161) des tubes ascendants (1160) reste sensiblement non chauffée par le fluide de chauffage provenant de l'entrée de chauffage (1140).
PCT/EP2009/066440 2008-12-04 2009-12-04 Générateur d'une machine de refroidissement WO2010063842A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09768027A EP2356383A2 (fr) 2008-12-04 2009-12-04 Generateur d'une machine de refroidissement

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11983808P 2008-12-04 2008-12-04
US61/119,838 2008-12-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010063842A2 true WO2010063842A2 (fr) 2010-06-10
WO2010063842A3 WO2010063842A3 (fr) 2010-08-12

Family

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2009/066436 WO2010063840A2 (fr) 2008-12-04 2009-12-04 Évaporateur d'une machine de refroidissement
PCT/EP2009/066440 WO2010063842A2 (fr) 2008-12-04 2009-12-04 Générateur d'une machine de refroidissement

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2009/066436 WO2010063840A2 (fr) 2008-12-04 2009-12-04 Évaporateur d'une machine de refroidissement

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EP (2) EP2359078A2 (fr)
WO (2) WO2010063840A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9194617B2 (en) 2013-11-27 2015-11-24 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals Intermittent absorption refrigeration system equipped with a waste energy storage unit
US8881539B1 (en) 2013-12-20 2014-11-11 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals Hybrid storage absorption refrigeration system
IT202100018314A1 (it) * 2021-07-12 2023-01-12 Milano Politecnico Deflemmatore per un generatore di vapore refrigerante per macchine termiche ad assorbimento, e relativo generatore comprendente un tale deflemmatore

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH127366A (de) * 1927-07-02 1928-09-01 Escher Wyss Maschf Ag Kälteanlage mit senkrecht angeordnetem Langrohrverdampfer.
GB548519A (en) * 1941-09-09 1942-10-13 Charles Alfred Payne Improvements relating to boilers of continuous absorption refrigerating machines
DE3229321A1 (de) * 1982-08-05 1984-02-09 ASK Technische Entwicklungen GmbH + Co Betriebs-KG, 8580 Bayreuth Direkt-befeuerter austreiber fuer absorptionssysteme
JP2724275B2 (ja) * 1993-01-25 1998-03-09 株式会社東芝 気液二相流体分配器
JP2000161816A (ja) * 1998-11-25 2000-06-16 Paloma Ind Ltd 蒸発器
JP2001041608A (ja) * 1999-08-04 2001-02-16 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 吸収冷凍機の蒸発器及び吸収器
DE10028543B4 (de) * 2000-06-08 2013-10-02 Schneider Und Partner Ingenieurgesellschaft Kälteaggregat
KR100448994B1 (ko) * 2002-01-07 2004-09-18 엘지전선 주식회사 흡수식 냉온수기의 원통형 고온재생기

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of EP2356383A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010063842A3 (fr) 2010-08-12
EP2359078A2 (fr) 2011-08-24
WO2010063840A3 (fr) 2010-08-19
WO2010063840A2 (fr) 2010-06-10
EP2356383A2 (fr) 2011-08-17

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