WO2010046958A1 - 植物の水耕栽培方法 - Google Patents
植物の水耕栽培方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010046958A1 WO2010046958A1 PCT/JP2008/068937 JP2008068937W WO2010046958A1 WO 2010046958 A1 WO2010046958 A1 WO 2010046958A1 JP 2008068937 W JP2008068937 W JP 2008068937W WO 2010046958 A1 WO2010046958 A1 WO 2010046958A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nutrient solution
- plant
- cultivation
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- stage
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
- A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Definitions
- the present invention is a method of supplying a nutrient solution to a plant to be hydroponically cultivated, wherein the nutrient solution of the plant is improved by finely controlling the nutrient solution to be supplied according to the growth state of the plant, and the nutrient solution It relates to what can reduce the total amount of use.
- each cultivation shelf is arranged in parallel with respect to the nutrient solution supply device, and is collectively from the tank. After supplying the nutrient solution to each cultivation shelf and giving the nutrients to the plants, the waste liquid discharged from each cultivation shelf is collected in a tank, and the components are adjusted as appropriate. It distributes (Patent Document 1). JP-A-2005-21065
- plants take in nitrogen in the form of nitric acid, but if nitric acid is added more than necessary, nitric acid accumulates in the plant body, and when such nitrate nitrogen is absorbed by the human body, it becomes nitrite nitrogen in the human body. It may be reduced and combined with hemoglobin to form methemoglobin, causing hypoxia (methemoglobinemia).
- methemoglobinemia hypoxia
- nitrate nitrogen is easily reduced by microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract and is susceptible to methemoglobinemia (Maynard et al., 1976).
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and by finely controlling the nutrient solution to be supplied according to the growth state of the plant, the nutritional state of the plant is improved and the total amount of nutrient solution used is reduced.
- the main objective of the present invention is to provide a hydroponic cultivation method that can disperse the danger at the time of disease occurrence.
- the hydroponics method according to the present invention is a method of hydroponics by supplying a nutrient solution to a plant, and in the initial stage of cultivation, it is cultivated without supplementing a novel nutrient solution, and the middle stage of cultivation At the stage, the plant is cultivated while supplementing with a new nutrient solution corresponding to the naturally reduced nutrient solution, and at a later stage of cultivation, a new nutrient solution with a larger volume than the naturally reduced nutrient solution is added. It is cultivated while being supplemented, and the amount of nutrient solution supplemented in the latter stage is increased as the number of cultivation days elapses.
- the process of cultivating plants from seeds to a harvestable state is as follows: (1) Seeds are seeded in a medium (urethane, rock wool, etc.), moistened, and slightly fertilized for about 6 to 14 days. Sowing process, (2) widening the interval between individuals to 5-7 cm, raising seedlings by immersing the roots in the circulating medium, (3) planting seedlings grown to 10-15 cm on the harvest line
- the planting process consists of 14 to 16 days growing and harvesting.
- the present invention is applied to the seedling-planting process or the planting process.
- the present invention has the configuration as described above, it is possible to finely control the nutrient solution to be supplied according to the growth state of the plant, so that the nutrient solution is supplied collectively to a large number of plants having different growth conditions.
- the nutritional state of the plant is remarkably improved, and the total amount of nutrient solution required from the start of plant cultivation to harvesting can be reduced as compared with the batch supply method.
- the taste of the plant is greatly improved when the plant is used for food.
- the nutrient solution is supplied to the plant while being circulated, and a plurality of tanks are provided in the circulation channel of the nutrient solution. It is preferable to discharge the nutrient solution from the tank located upstream and to replenish the tank located most downstream with a new nutrient solution.
- a new nutrient solution to be replenished to the most downstream tank is provided with the circulation channel. Is preferably configured to be replenished from the nutrient solution preparation device via a different flow path.
- the present invention makes it possible to finely control the nutrition according to the growth state of the plant, but it is preferable to supply only water to a plant that has grown sufficiently and refrained from harvesting. By doing in this way, the nitrate nitrogen accumulate
- the leaving period is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 day.
- water and ammonia may be manually supplied to prepare low-concentration aqueous ammonia, and the plant may be cultivated with the low-concentration aqueous ammonia.
- the nutritional state of the plant is remarkably improved, and the total amount of nutrient solution required from the start of plant cultivation to harvesting can be reduced as compared with the batch supply method.
- FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of a nutrient solution supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the nutrient solution supply system 1 is a system for supplying a nutrient solution to a plant that is hydroponically cultivated, and as shown in FIG. A flow path 11, a first tank 12 and a second tank 13 provided on the flow path for temporarily storing a nutrient solution, and a nutrient tank 21 for replenishing the second tank 13 with a new nutrient solution are provided. Is.
- the flow path 11 has an upstream end opened as a nutrient solution outlet 111 on the wall surface of the cultivation shelf 32, and a downstream end opened as a nutrient solution supply port 112 on the wall surface of the cultivation shelf 32. And it is comprised so that a nutrient solution may circulate through the cultivation shelf 32 and the flow path 11.
- the first tank 12, the second tank 13, and the pump 14 are connected in series in this order in the flow path 11, and from the cultivation shelf 32 through the discharge port 111.
- the nutrient solution that has flowed out flows into the first tank 12, where it is temporarily stored.
- the drain 15 is provided in the first tank 12, and when the nutrient solution stored in the first tank 12 is forcibly discharged, the valve 16 is opened and discharged from the drain 15.
- a second tank 13 is connected to the downstream side of the first tank 12, and when a predetermined amount or more of the nutrient solution is stored in the first tank 12, the nutrient solution in excess of the certain amount is stored in the first tank 12. 2 flows into the tank 13.
- the second tank 13 is configured such that a new nutrient solution can be replenished from the nutrient solution tank 21, and a nutrient solution that has flowed in from the first tank 12 and a new solution that has been replenished from the nutrient solution tank 21. Is mixed in the second tank 13. This mixed nutrient solution is sucked by the pump 14, flows through the flow path 11, and is supplied again to the cultivation shelf 32 through the supply port 112.
- the mixed nutrient solution supplied to each cultivation shelf 32 is consumed by the plant and flows out from the discharge port 111 again.
- the nutrient solution tank 21 is provided with various sensors (not shown), and each sensor concentration, pH, amount, etc. of the nutrient solution are measured by the sensor.
- the information processing device 22 includes an external storage device such as a CPU, an internal memory, and an HDD, a communication interface such as a modem, an input unit such as a display, a mouse and a keyboard, and the like in a predetermined area such as the internal memory or the external storage device. Data analysis is performed by operating the CPU and its peripheral devices according to the set program.
- the information processing device 22 may be a general-purpose computer or a dedicated device.
- the nutrient solution components are adjusted based on the analysis result by the information processing apparatus 22, and a new nutrient solution is prepared in the nutrient solution tank 21.
- the prepared nutrient solution is sucked by the pump 24 and replenished to the second tank 13 through the supply path 23.
- a water tank 25 is further connected to the supply path 23, and the nutrient solution tank 21 and the water tank 25 are left to be switched by a valve.
- the cultivation shelf 32 that circulates the nutrient solution in the present embodiment constitutes a shelf unit 3 including a plurality of stages of cultivation shelves 32, and the shelf unit 3 includes a plurality of support columns 31.
- the plant has a cultivation shelf 32 for growing plants supported by the support column 31 and a light irradiation device 33 for illuminating the plants growing on the cultivation shelf 32.
- the cultivation shelf 32 is provided only on one side of the support 31, but the cultivation shelf 32 may be provided on both sides of the support 31.
- the number of cultivation shelves 32 installed in one shelf unit 3 is not particularly limited, and can be set as appropriate.
- the cultivation shelf 32 has a substantially box shape with an upper surface opened so that a plurality of cultivation pallets 3P can be placed in a line. And the supply port 112 for taking in nutrient solution is provided in the one end part, and the discharge port 111 for discharging
- the number of cultivation pallets 3P arranged on the cultivation shelf 32 can be appropriately changed according to the vegetables V to be cultivated.
- the number of plants V to be cultivated is 6 in each cultivation pallet 3P, this number is not particularly limited.
- the light irradiation device 33 is provided on the lower surface of each cultivation shelf 32, and uses, for example, a fluorescent light or a light emitting diode that emits white light as a light source. And in this embodiment, it is comprised so that an irradiation period and a duty ratio can be controlled with the main apparatus for growth control which is not shown in figure. Thereby, the plant currently growing on the cultivation shelf 32 of the lower stage can be suitably illuminated by each light irradiation device 33.
- the nutrient solution circulating in the nutrient solution supply system 1 is not particularly limited.
- nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, lime, sulfur, iron, boron, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, copper, chlorine, silicon Liquid fertilizer obtained by appropriately mixing each nutrient such as cobalt, vanadium, aluminum, selenium, etc. with water according to the type of plant to be cultivated and the growth state.
- valve 16 is closed and the pump 24 is also stopped to replenish a certain amount of the nutrient solution halfway. Simply circulate without doing anything.
- the valve 16 is closed, and a new nutrient solution having a volume corresponding to the nutrient solution that is naturally reduced is sucked up by the pump 24 from the nutrient solution tank 21. To replenish the second tank 13.
- the nutrient solution accumulated in the first tank 12 is forcibly discharged by opening the valve 16 to reduce the amount of liquid in the first tank 12. Then, a new nutrient solution is sucked up from the nutrient solution tank 21 by the pump 24 and the second tank 13 is replenished with a new nutrient solution having a volume corresponding to the sum of the nutrient solution that has been naturally reduced and the nutrient solution that has been forcibly discharged. To do. And the amount of nutrient solution discharged
- the valve 16 is closed and the pump 24 is stopped, and the first tank 12 and the second tank 13 are manually or manually
- the first tank 12 and the second tank 13 are manually or manually
- cleaning process at the time of a plant harvest can be skipped by supplying only water and growing.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
- the number of times that the nutrient solution is forcibly discharged from the first tank 12 and the number of times that the new nutrient solution is replenished to the second tank 13 is not particularly limited, and may be once a day, or more frequently. You may adjust the nutrient solution more finely.
- a filter, a filtration device, a purification device, or the like may be provided on the flow path 11.
- the 1st tank 12 and the 2nd tank 13 may be integrated, and the inside of one tank is divided into two or more chambers by the partition plate, and functions as the 1st tank 12 and the 2nd tank 13.
- You may comprise as follows. At this time, while ensuring the movement of the liquid from the first tank 12 to the second tank 13, the liquid is excessively flowed from the first tank 12 to the second tank 13 or a new nutrient supplemented to the second tank 13.
- the height of the partition plate is slightly lower than the liquid surface or that the partition plate is appropriately perforated.
- first tank 12 and the second tank 13 may be further separated so that the new nutrient solution replenished to the second tank 13 does not flow back to the first tank 12 and is discharged.
- One or two or more tanks may be interposed between the two.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and may be configured by appropriately combining some or all of the various configurations described above without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
- Example 1 As cruciferous plants, Mizuna, Komatsuna, Arugula, Mibuna, etc. were cultivated as follows. First, in the initial stage of cultivation, the plant is cultivated without replenishing the nutrient solution. Cultivated while cultivated while supplementing with a new nutrient solution of the amount that was naturally reduced by forcibly discharging the nutrient solution at the later stage. The nutrient solution was circulated at a flow rate of 0.87 L / s, and replenishment was performed once a day.
- EC represents the conductivity of the nutrient solution and correlates with the concentration of the nutrient solution.
- replenisher amount of 10% means that the amount corresponding to 10% of the circulating nutrient solution in addition to the naturally reduced amount is replaced with a new nutrient solution, and the replenisher amount is 20%. That is, it means that the amount of liquid corresponding to 20% of the circulating nutrient solution in addition to the natural decrease is replaced with a new nutrient solution.
- Example 2 Lettuce, chrysanthemum, etc. (Asteraceae) were cultivated in addition to Mizuna, Komatsuna, arugula, mibuna, etc. (Brassicaceae) under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- For plants of the family Asteraceae use nutrient solutions having the composition shown in Table 3 at the start of cultivation, and use nutrient solutions of the same composition as those used for cruciferous plants as supplementary nutrient solutions did.
- the cultivation process is shown in Table 4.
- the present invention it is possible to finely adjust the nutritional state according to the growth state of the plant, and when the plant is edible, the taste is remarkably improved. Moreover, compared with the conventional batch supply method, since the total amount of the nutrient solution used from the cultivation start to harvest can also be reduced, it is excellent also from a cost side.
Abstract
Description
11・・・流路
12・・・第1タンク
13・・・第2タンク
15・・・ドレイン
21・・・養液タンク
アブラナ科の植物としてミズナ、コマツナ、ルッコラ、ミブナ等を、次のようにして栽培した。まず、栽培初期段階においては養液を補充せずに栽培し、養液が徐々に減少してきた中期段階においては、自然減少した分の養液に相当する液量の新規な養液を補充しながら栽培し、後期段階においては、強制的に養液を排出して自然減少した分以上の液量の新規な養液を補充しながら栽培した。養液は流速0.87L/sで循環させ、補充を行なう場合は1日に1回行なった。
実施例1と同様の条件でミズナ、コマツナ、ルッコラ、ミブナ等(アブラナ科)に加えて、レタス、キクナ等(キク科)を栽培した。キク科の植物に対しては、栽培開始時は表3に記載の組成を有する養液を使用し、補充用養液としては、アブラナ科の植物に使用したものと同じ組成の養液を使用した。栽培経過は表4に示した。
Claims (6)
- 植物に養液を供給して水耕栽培する方法であって、
栽培の初期段階においては、新規な養液を補充せずに栽培し、
栽培の中期段階においては、自然減少した養液に相当する液量の新規な養液を補充しつつ栽培し、
栽培の後期段階においては、自然減少した養液よりも多くの液量の新規な養液を補充しつつ栽培するものであり、
前記後期段階において補充する養液の液量は、栽培日数の経過に従い増やされる水耕栽培方法。 - 前記後期段階において、養液を排出しつつ新規な養液を補充する請求項1記載の水耕栽培方法。
- 前記養液を循環させつつ植物に供給するものであって、前記養液の循環流路に複数のタンクを設け、前記複数のタンクのうち、最も上流に位置するタンクから養液を排出し、最も下流に位置するタンクに新規な養液を補充する請求項2記載の水耕栽培方法。
- 前記最も下流に位置するタンクに補充される新規な養液は、前記循環流路とは異なる流路を介して養液調製装置から補充される請求項3記載の水耕栽培方法。
- 更に、収穫を控えた植物に対し水分のみを供給する工程を有する請求項1記載の水耕栽培方法。
- 前記水分のみを供給する工程に次いで、水を排出した後で前記収穫を控えた植物を放置する工程を有する請求項5記載の水耕栽培方法。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2008/068937 WO2010046958A1 (ja) | 2008-10-20 | 2008-10-20 | 植物の水耕栽培方法 |
KR1020117011378A KR20110084424A (ko) | 2008-10-20 | 2008-10-20 | 식물의 수경재배 방법 |
EP08877524A EP2351482A4 (en) | 2008-10-20 | 2008-10-20 | HYDROPONIC CULTURE METHOD OF A PLANT |
JP2010534612A JPWO2010046958A1 (ja) | 2008-10-20 | 2008-10-20 | 植物の水耕栽培方法 |
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PCT/JP2008/068937 WO2010046958A1 (ja) | 2008-10-20 | 2008-10-20 | 植物の水耕栽培方法 |
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WO2010046958A1 true WO2010046958A1 (ja) | 2010-04-29 |
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PCT/JP2008/068937 WO2010046958A1 (ja) | 2008-10-20 | 2008-10-20 | 植物の水耕栽培方法 |
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EP (1) | EP2351482A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2010046958A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20110084424A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010046958A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013123403A (ja) * | 2011-12-15 | 2013-06-24 | Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd | 植物栽培装置 |
WO2015155914A1 (ja) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-10-15 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 低カリウム野菜の水耕栽培方法および低カリウム野菜 |
Families Citing this family (3)
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KR101411531B1 (ko) * | 2012-05-25 | 2014-06-24 | (주)휴럼 | 바나듐을 함유하는 새싹유채의 재배방법 및 이의 방법으로 재배된 새싹유채와 이를 포함하는 당뇨용 기능성 조성물 |
GR1008102B (el) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-02-04 | Γεωργιος Σαλαχας | Πληρως αυτοματοποιημενο συστημα αεροπονικης καλλιεργειας φυτων |
KR101701394B1 (ko) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-02-01 | (주)우성하이텍 | 배액 측정장치 |
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- 2008-10-20 EP EP08877524A patent/EP2351482A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-10-20 KR KR1020117011378A patent/KR20110084424A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-10-20 JP JP2010534612A patent/JPWO2010046958A1/ja active Pending
- 2008-10-20 WO PCT/JP2008/068937 patent/WO2010046958A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPH0888A (ja) * | 1994-06-21 | 1996-01-09 | C I Kasei Co Ltd | 植物栽培システムおよび植物の水切りシステム、並びに植物栽培用および植物の水切り栽培用障害情報伝達システム |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013123403A (ja) * | 2011-12-15 | 2013-06-24 | Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd | 植物栽培装置 |
WO2015155914A1 (ja) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-10-15 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 低カリウム野菜の水耕栽培方法および低カリウム野菜 |
JP6051414B2 (ja) * | 2014-04-11 | 2016-12-27 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 低カリウム葉菜の水耕栽培方法および低カリウム葉菜 |
JP2018139616A (ja) * | 2014-04-11 | 2018-09-13 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 低カリウム葉野菜 |
JP2018139617A (ja) * | 2014-04-11 | 2018-09-13 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 低カリウム葉野菜 |
JP2018161137A (ja) * | 2014-04-11 | 2018-10-18 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 低カリウム葉野菜 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2351482A1 (en) | 2011-08-03 |
JPWO2010046958A1 (ja) | 2012-03-15 |
EP2351482A4 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
KR20110084424A (ko) | 2011-07-22 |
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