WO2010046606A1 - Procédé de préparation d'un matériau composite thermoplastique à base de nanotubes, notamment de carbone - Google Patents
Procédé de préparation d'un matériau composite thermoplastique à base de nanotubes, notamment de carbone Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010046606A1 WO2010046606A1 PCT/FR2009/052034 FR2009052034W WO2010046606A1 WO 2010046606 A1 WO2010046606 A1 WO 2010046606A1 FR 2009052034 W FR2009052034 W FR 2009052034W WO 2010046606 A1 WO2010046606 A1 WO 2010046606A1
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- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/005—Reinforced macromolecular compounds with nanosized materials, e.g. nanoparticles, nanofibres, nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods or nanolayered materials
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- B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- B29C48/29—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in liquid form
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- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
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- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
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- C08J2353/00—Characterised by the use of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2353/02—Characterised by the use of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers of vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
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- C08J2371/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
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Definitions
- thermoplastic composite material based on nanotubes, in particular carbon
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of composite materials based on nanotubes, in particular carbon, the composite materials thus obtained, as well as their use for the manufacture of composite products.
- Carbon nanotubes have particular crystalline structures, tubular, hollow and closed, composed of atoms regularly arranged in pentagons, hexagons and / or heptagons, obtained from carbon.
- CNTs generally consist of one or more coiled graphite sheets.
- One-sided nanotubes Single Wall Nanotubes or SWNTs
- Multi Wall Nanotubes or MWNTs are thus distinguished.
- CNTs are commercially available or can be prepared by known methods. There are several methods of synthesis of CNTs, including electrical discharge, laser ablation and chemical vapor deposition or CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) which ensures the production of large quantities of carbon nanotubes and therefore obtaining them at a cost price compatible with their massive use.
- This process consists precisely in injecting a source of carbon at relatively high temperature over a catalyst which may itself consist of a metal such as iron, cobalt, nickel or molybdenum, supported on an inorganic solid such as alumina, silica or magnesia.
- Carbon sources can include methane, ethane, ethylene, acetylene, ethanol, methanol or even a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen (HIPCO process).
- the CNTs have both excellent stiffness (measured by the Young's modulus), comparable to that of steel, while being extremely light. In addition, they have excellent electrical and thermal conductivity properties that allow to consider using them as additives to impart these properties to various materials, including macromolecular.
- Some solutions have been proposed to facilitate the dispersion of CNTs in a polymer matrix. These include sonication, which has only a temporary effect, or ultrasonication which has the effect of partially cutting the nanotubes and creating oxygenated functions that can affect some of their properties.
- Another solution consisted in carrying out a dispersion of NTC in a solvent and a monomer and carrying out an in situ polymerization leading to the production of functionalized NTC. This solution is however complex and can be expensive depending on the products used.
- the grafting operations may damage the structure of the nanotubes and, consequently, their electrical and / or mechanical properties.
- the composite material obtained contains 7 to 15% of CNT and is intended to be used as such in the form of a tube or to be shaped in the form of granules. It would therefore be desirable to have a means of dispersing larger amounts of CNTs in any polymer matrix, and not just a polyamide matrix, so that NTC-heavy masterbatches capable of preparing to be used for the manufacture of various mechanical and electronic parts in different polymers.
- the subject of the present invention is thus a process for preparing a composite material containing from 10 to 50% by weight of nanotubes, comprising:
- thermoplastic polymer (c) mixing the molten thermoplastic polymer and the nanotubes, the method further comprising adding at least one plasticizer to the mixer, in a weight ratio of 10 to 400% by weight, relative to the weight of nanotubes used. at least 50% of the weight of the plasticizer being introduced upstream of or into the melting zone of the polymer, it being understood that, in the case where the plasticizer, the thermoplastic polymer and the nanotubes are introduced simultaneously or successively into the same hopper
- the polymer is in the form of a powder / granule mixture ranging from 10:90 to 100: 0, preferably predominantly in powder form.
- the process according to the invention is carried out in a mixer which is advantageously a compounding device.
- compounding device an apparatus conventionally used in the plastics industry for the melt blending of thermoplastic polymers and additives in order to produce composites.
- the polymeric composition and the additives are mixed using a high shear device, for example a co-rotating twin-screw extruder or co-kneader.
- the melt generally comes out of the apparatus in solid physical form agglomerated, for example in the form of granules, or in the form of rods which, after cooling, are cut into granules.
- co-mixers ® BUSS MDK 46 examples of suitable co-mixers according to the invention are co-mixers ® BUSS MDK 46 and those of the series BUSS ® MKS or MX, sold by
- BUSS AG which all consist of a screw shaft provided with fins, arranged in a heating sleeve optionally consisting of several parts and whose inner wall is provided with kneading teeth adapted to cooperate with the fins to produce shear the kneaded material.
- the shaft is rotated and provided with an oscillating movement in the direction axial, by a motor.
- co-kneaders may be equipped with a granule manufacturing system, adapted for example to their outlet orifice, which may consist of an extrusion screw or a pump.
- the co-kneaders which can be used according to the invention preferably have an L / D screw ratio ranging from 7 to 22, for example from 10 to 20, while the co-rotating extruders advantageously have an L / D ratio ranging from 15 to 56, for example from 20 to 50.
- the compounding step is generally carried out at a temperature ranging from 30 to 32O 0 C, for example from 70 to 300 ° C.
- This temperature which is greater than the glass transition temperature (Tg) in the case amorphous thermoplastic elastomers and at the melting temperature, in the case of semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers, is a function of the polymer specifically used and generally mentioned by the supplier of the polymer.
- the nanotubes that may be used according to the invention may be carbon nanotubes (hereafter CNTs) or nanotubes based on boron, phosphorus or nitrogen, or nanotubes containing several of these elements or at least one of them. of these elements in combination with carbon. It is advantageously carbon nanotubes. They may be of the single-wall, double-wall or multi-wall type.
- the double-walled nanotubes can in particular be prepared as described by FLAHAUT et al in Chem. Corn. (2003), 1442.
- the multi-walled nanotubes may themselves be prepared as described in WO 03/02456.
- the nanotubes used according to the invention usually have a mean diameter ranging from 0.1 to 200 nm, preferably from 0.1 to 100 nm, more preferably from 0.4 to 50 nm and better still from 1 to 30 nm. nm, for example from 3 to 30 nm, and advantageously a length of more than 0.1 microns and advantageously from 0.1 to 20 microns, for example about 6 microns. Their length / diameter ratio is advantageously greater than 10 and most often greater than 100.
- These nanotubes therefore comprise in particular nanotubes known as "VGCF" (carbon fibers obtained by chemical vapor deposition or Vapor Grown Carbon Fibers).
- the carbon nanotubes according to the invention are preferably multi-walled carbon nanotubes and may for example comprise from 5 to 15 sheets and more preferably from 7 to 10 sheets.
- crude carbon nanotubes is especially commercially available from Arkema under the trade name Graphistrength® ® C100.
- the nanotubes may be purified and / or treated (in particular oxidized) and / or milled before being used in the process according to the invention. They can also be functionalized by solution chemistry methods such as amination or reaction with coupling agents.
- the CNTs are advantageously in the form of a powder.
- the purification operation may also be carried out at a temperature ranging from 90 to 120 ° C., for example for a period of 5 to 10 hours. This operation may advantageously be followed by rinsing steps with water and drying the purified nanotubes.
- Another way of purifying the nanotubes, intended in particular to remove the iron and / or magnesium they contain, is to subject them to a heat treatment at more than 1,000 0 C.
- the oxidation of the nanotubes is advantageously carried out by putting them in contact with a solution of sodium hypochlorite containing from 0.5 to 15% by weight of NaOCl and preferably from 1 to 10% by weight of NaOCl, for example in a weight ratio of nanotubes to sodium hypochlorite ranging from 1: 0.1 to 1: 1.
- the oxidation is advantageously carried out at a temperature of less than 60 ° C. and preferably at ambient temperature, for a duration ranging from a few minutes to 24 hours. This oxidation operation may advantageously be followed by filtration and / or centrifugation, washing and drying steps of the oxidized nanotubes.
- the nanotubes be used in the process according to the invention in the raw state. It has indeed been demonstrated that a preliminary surface treatment of the nanotubes was not necessary. Without being bound by this theory, the Applicant believes that the plasticizer, which is introduced into the process according to the invention before contacting the nanotubes with the molten polymer, is absorbed on the surface of the nanotubes, which has the effect of:
- nanotubes obtained from raw materials of renewable origin in particular of plant origin, as described in document FR 2 914 634.
- the amount of nanotubes used according to the invention represents from 10 to 50% by weight, preferably between 15% and up to 50% by weight, for example between 5% and up to 40% by weight, and more preferably from 20 to 50% by weight, for example from
- the nanotubes (raw or crushed and / or purified and / or oxidized and / or functionalized by a non-plasticizing molecule) are brought into contact with at least one thermoplastic polymer.
- thermoplastic polymer means a polymer which melts when the heater and that can be put and shaped in the molten state.
- This thermoplastic polymer may especially be chosen from: homo- and copolymers of olefins such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers, styrene-butadiene-alkyl methacrylate (or SBM) copolymers; polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutadiene and polybutylene; acrylic homo- and copolymers and alkyl poly (meth) acrylates such as poly (methyl methacrylate); homo- and copolyamides; polycarbonates; polyesters including poly (ethylene terephthalate) and poly (butylene terephthalate); polyethers such as polyphenylene ether, polyoxymethylene, polyethylene oxide or polyethylene glycol and polyoxypropylene; polystyrene; copolymers of styrene and maleic anhydride; polyvinyl chloride; fluorinated polymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene and
- the polymer is chosen from homo- and copolyamides.
- PA homopolyamides
- PA-6, PA-II and PA-12 obtained by polymerization of an amino acid or a lactam, PA-6.6, PA-4.6, PA-6.10, PA-6.12, PA-6.14, PA 6-18 and PA-10.10 obtained by polycondensation of a diacid and a diamine, as well as aromatic polyamides such as polyarylamides and polyamides; polyphthalamides.
- PA He, PA-12, aromatic PA are in particular available from the company Arkema under the trade name Rilsan ®.
- Copolyamides can be obtained from various starting materials: (i) lactams, (ii) aminocarboxylic acids or (iii) equimolar amounts of diamines and dicarboxylic acids. Obtaining a copolyamide requires choosing at least two different starting materials from those mentioned above. The copolyamide then comprises at least these two units. It can thus be a lactam and an aminocarboxylic acid having a different number of carbon atoms, or two lactams having different molecular weights, or a lactam combined with an equimolar amount of a diamine and a dicarboxylic acid.
- the lactams (i) may in particular be chosen from lauryllactam and / or caprolactam.
- the aminocarboxylic acid (ii) is advantageously chosen from ⁇ , ⁇ -amino carboxylic acids, such as 11-aminoundecanoic acid or 12-aminododecanoic acid.
- the precursor (iii) may in particular be a combination of at least one aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic C 6 -C 36 dicarboxylic acid, such as adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, brassylic acid, n-dodecanedioic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid or 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid with at least one aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, arylaliphatic or aromatic diamine C 4 -C 22 / - such as hexamethylenediamine, piperazine, 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane, m-xylylenediamine or p-xylylenediamine; it being understood that said diacid (s) carboxylic (s) and diamine (s) are used, when present, in equimolar amount.
- Such copolyamides are in particular marketed under the trade name Plate
- the polymer may be chosen from styrene-butadiene-alkyl methacrylate, especially C 1 -C 8 (or SBM) copolymers, in particular:
- Such copolymers are especially available in powder form from the company ARKEMA under the trade name Nanostrength® E41; 2) core-shell type copolymers consisting of a core coated with one or more barks, the core of which contains a homo- or copolymer of butadiene, styrene and / or alkyl methacrylate, especially C 1 to C Cs, especially a copolymer of butadiene and styrene, and at least one bark, and preferably each of the barks, contains a homo- or copolymer of styrene and / or alkyl methacrylate, in particular Ci-Cs.
- the heart can be coated with an inner bark made of polystyrene and an outer bark of PMMA.
- core-shell copolymers are in particular described in WO 2006/106214.
- a core-bark SBM copolymer that can be used in the present invention is especially marketed by the company Arkema under the trade name Durastrength® E920.
- the polymeric composition used according to the invention may contain, in addition to the thermoplastic polymer, various additives, intended in particular to promote the subsequent dispersion of the composite material in a liquid formulation, such as polymeric dispersants, in particular carboxymethyl cellulose, acrylic polymers, the polymer sold by LUBRIZOL under the trade name Solplus® DP310 and functionalized amphiphilic hydrocarbons, such as the product marketed by TRILLIUM SPECIALTIES under the trade name Trilsperse® 800, surfactants such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate, and their mixtures.
- the polymeric composition may also contain fillers, for example graphene-based fillers other than nanotubes (especially fullerenes), silica or calcium carbonate.
- this polymeric composition is brought into contact with the aforementioned nanotubes and with at least one plasticizer.
- adipates especially dialkyl, for example di (2-ethylhexyl), sebacates, especially dialkyl and in particular dioctyl, glycol or glycerol benzoates, dibenzyl ethers, chloroparaffins, functionalized amphiphilic hydrocarbons, such as the product marketed by TRILLIUM SPECIALTIES under the trade name Trilsperse® 800, propylene carbonate, sulphonamides, in particular alkyl sulphonamides, aryl sulphonamides and arylalkyl sulphonamides, the aryl group of which is optionally substituted with at least one alkyl group containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms, such as benzene sulfonamides and toluene sulfonamides, said sulfonamides being N-substituted or N, N-disubstituted by at least
- plasticizer used according to the present invention will be a function of the chemical nature of the matrix to be reinforced by the nanotubes.
- Table 1 gives, as an indication, some examples of particularly suitable plasticizer / polymer matrix combinations.
- thermoplastic polymer melting the thermoplastic polymer, and (c) mixing the molten thermoplastic polymer and the nanotubes, the method further comprising adding at least one plasticizer to the mixer, selected from phthalates and nitrile resins, in a weight ratio of 10 to 400% by weight, based on the weight of nanotubes used, at least 50% of the weight of the plasticizer being introduced upstream of or in the melting zone of the polymer.
- at least one plasticizer selected from phthalates and nitrile resins
- At least 50% of the weight of the plasticizer used is introduced into the mixer upstream of or in the melting zone of the polymer.
- This composite material can either be used as is, or be used as a masterbatch and thus diluted in a polymer matrix to form a composite product.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the resistivity curve as a function of the temperature of a composite product obtained according to the invention and a comparative composite product based on PA-12;
- the composite product manufactured according to the invention (MB with BBSA) has electrical conduction properties at a lower temperature than the comparative composite product (MB without BBSA).
- the invention thus makes it possible to obtain composite products under milder process conditions, preserving the polymer matrix.
- the formulation 3A was more viscous and resulted in a power consumption of 5.7-5.8 kW for the co-kneader, which exceeded after 10 h of compounding the nominal power indicated by the manufacturer (6.0 kW) , thus requiring to reduce the flow rate to 10 kg / h.
- the temperature of the material in the last zone of the co-kneader rose to about 32O 0 C.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to continuously manufacture materials composites strongly dosed in NTC without degrading the polymer matrix nor polluting the equipment.
- the use of the composite material manufactured according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the manufacturing temperature of the composite product by 20 ° C., while giving the latter the same electrostatic dissipation properties.
- the ingredients of formulation 5A all solid, were introduced into a single hopper.
- the ingredients of the formulation 5B were partly introduced into the same hopper (polycarbonate and nanotubes) and partly injected with a gravimetric dosing pump, equipped with a liquid heating system at 80 ° C., in the first zone of the co-kneader corresponding to the beginning of the melting of the polymer.
- the temperature setpoints were similar for the two formulations (zone 1 / zone 2 of the co-kneader: 300/260 ° C. and 310/270 ° C.).
- These composite materials can be diluted up to 2-3% by weight of NTC in a polymer matrix based on polycarbonate, ABS resin or ABS / styrene copolymer, for the manufacture of conductive materials and flame retardants (that is to say having a VO index at UL94 fire test and LOI greater than 32%).
- the use of the composite material manufactured according to the invention makes it possible to reduce by 20 ° C. the manufacturing temperature of the composite product, while giving the latter the same properties of electrostatic dissipation.
- Example 3 was repeated except that the plasticizer was fully introduced into the co-kneader downstream of the PA-6 melting zone.
- a precomposite containing 50% by weight of propylene glycol and 50% by weight of carbon nanotubes was introduced into the first doser of a CLEXTRAL BC21 co-rotating twin-screw extruder.
- a mixture of powders consisting of 40% by weight of poly (ethylene glycol) (CLARIANT PEG 1500, 40% by weight of CLARIANT carboxymethyl cellulose and 20% by weight of dodecyl was introduced.
- benzene sodium sulfonate was introduced into the first doser of a CLEXTRAL BC21 co-rotating twin-screw extruder.
- the compounding was carried out at a set temperature of 100 ° C., with a rotational speed of the screw of 600 rpm and at a flow rate of 10 kg / h.
- the masterbatch obtained which contained (to be completed)% by weight of CNT, was conditioned in the solid state without granulation at the die outlet. It may be introduced into a solvent formulation after being impregnated for a few hours at room temperature with a mixture of solvents present in said formulation.
- the solid ingredients of the formulations 10A and 10B were in part (polymer and nanotubes) introduced into the same feed hopper and in part (plasticizer) injected with a gravimetric dosing pump into the first zone of the co-kneader corresponding to the melting of the polymer.
- the pump was equipped with a liquid heating system at 160 ° C. for formulation 8A and at 100 ° C. for formulation 8B.
- the temperature setpoints were similar for the two formulations (zone 1 / zone 2 of the co-kneader: 220/200 ° C.).
- the material temperature did not exceed 24O 0 C despite the high content of CNT (30%). It emerges from this example that the process according to the invention makes it possible to continuously manufacture composite materials with a high NTC content without degrading the polymer matrix.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/125,629 US20110201731A1 (en) | 2008-10-22 | 2009-10-22 | Method for preparing a thermoplastic composite material containing nanotubes particularly carbon nanotubes |
EP09760201A EP2344575A1 (fr) | 2008-10-22 | 2009-10-22 | Procédé de préparation d'un matériau composite thermoplastique à base de nanotubes, notamment de carbone |
CN2009801517690A CN102264809A (zh) | 2008-10-22 | 2009-10-22 | 制备含有纳米管、特别是碳纳米管的热塑性复合材料的方法 |
JP2011532692A JP2012506475A (ja) | 2008-10-22 | 2009-10-22 | ナノチューブ、特にカーボンナノチューブを含む熱可塑性複合材料の製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0857173 | 2008-10-22 | ||
FR0857173A FR2937324B1 (fr) | 2008-10-22 | 2008-10-22 | Procede de preparation d'un materiau composite a base de nanotubes, notamment de carbone |
FR0951843A FR2937323B1 (fr) | 2008-10-22 | 2009-03-23 | Procede de preparation d'un materiau composite thermoplastique a base de nanotubes, notamment de carbone |
FR0951843 | 2009-03-23 | ||
US23547109P | 2009-08-20 | 2009-08-20 | |
US61/235,471 | 2009-08-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010046606A1 true WO2010046606A1 (fr) | 2010-04-29 |
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ID=40622289
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PCT/FR2009/052034 WO2010046606A1 (fr) | 2008-10-22 | 2009-10-22 | Procédé de préparation d'un matériau composite thermoplastique à base de nanotubes, notamment de carbone |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110201731A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2344575A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2012506475A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20110057254A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102264809A (fr) |
FR (2) | FR2937324B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2010046606A1 (fr) |
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- 2009-10-22 US US13/125,629 patent/US20110201731A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2009-10-22 EP EP09760201A patent/EP2344575A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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Cited By (19)
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US8808580B2 (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2014-08-19 | Arkema France | Thermoplastic and/or elastomeric composite based on carbon nanotubes and graphenes |
US20110260116A1 (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2011-10-27 | Arkema France | Thermoplastic and/or elastomeric composite based on carbon nanotubes and graphenes |
CN103249769A (zh) * | 2010-10-12 | 2013-08-14 | 索维公司 | 包含聚(芳基醚酮)和石墨烯材料的聚合物组合物 |
WO2012059468A1 (fr) * | 2010-11-05 | 2012-05-10 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Composition de polyamide 12 contenant des nanotubes de carbone |
WO2012059467A1 (fr) * | 2010-11-05 | 2012-05-10 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Composition de polyamides présentant une faible concentration en groupes amide d'acide carboxylique et en carbone électroconducteur |
CN103282438A (zh) * | 2010-11-05 | 2013-09-04 | 赢创德固赛有限公司 | 包含碳纳米管的聚酰胺12组合物 |
US9524807B2 (en) | 2010-11-05 | 2016-12-20 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Polyamide 12 composition containing carbon nanotubes |
US9418773B2 (en) | 2010-11-05 | 2016-08-16 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Composition of polyamides with low concentration of carboxamide groups and electrically conductive carbon |
EP2635638B1 (fr) | 2010-11-05 | 2015-12-16 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Composition de polyamides présentant une faible concentration en groupes amide d'acide carboxylique et en carbone électroconducteur |
WO2012080626A2 (fr) | 2010-12-14 | 2012-06-21 | Arkema France | Procede d'introduction de nanocharges d'origine carbonique dans un metal ou un alliage |
JP2016145363A (ja) * | 2010-12-14 | 2016-08-12 | モレキュラー レバー デザイン エルエルシー | 改良型エラストマー調合物 |
CN102627847A (zh) * | 2012-04-11 | 2012-08-08 | 东华大学 | 一种可卷曲的无支撑碳纳米管气敏膜及其制备方法 |
WO2013182793A1 (fr) | 2012-06-04 | 2013-12-12 | Arkema France | Utilisation de nanocharges carbonées a très faible taux pour le renfort mécanique de matériaux composites charges a l'aide d'une charge conventionnelle |
WO2013182794A1 (fr) | 2012-06-04 | 2013-12-12 | Arkema France | Utilisation de nanocharges carbonees a tres faible taux pour la stabilisation uv de materiaux composites |
WO2013182792A1 (fr) | 2012-06-04 | 2013-12-12 | Arkema France | Matériau composite a très faible taux de nanocharges carbonées, son procédé de préparation et ses utilisations |
US9896564B2 (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2018-02-20 | Arkema France | Use of carbon-based nanofillers at a very low content for the UV stabilization of composite materials |
US10125243B2 (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2018-11-13 | Arkema France | Composite material having a very low content of carbon-based nanofillers, process for the preparation thereof and uses thereof |
WO2013190224A1 (fr) | 2012-06-22 | 2013-12-27 | Arkema France | Procede de fabrication d'un materiau fibreux pre-impregne de polymere thermoplastique |
RU2496812C1 (ru) * | 2012-08-01 | 2013-10-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Белгородский государственный технологический университет им. В.Г. Шухова" | Полимерно-битумное вяжущее и способ его получения |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2937323A1 (fr) | 2010-04-23 |
FR2937323B1 (fr) | 2011-02-25 |
FR2937324B1 (fr) | 2012-03-16 |
KR20110057254A (ko) | 2011-05-31 |
CN102264809A (zh) | 2011-11-30 |
EP2344575A1 (fr) | 2011-07-20 |
FR2937324A1 (fr) | 2010-04-23 |
JP2012506475A (ja) | 2012-03-15 |
US20110201731A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
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