Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
  • C04B28/001—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing unburned clay
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
  • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
  • C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
  • C04B2111/00543—Coating or impregnation materials for wet surfaces
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
  • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
  • C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials

Definitions

• the invention relates to stabilised mud plaster with low vapour resistance, particularly intended for exterior use.
• Mud or mud mixtures with other additives suitable for use in construction containing clay or dust particles as a binding agent and sand or gravel particles with additives as filling agent, also called grog, mixed in an appropriate ratio, are in the area of construction called unburnt clay.
• Unburnt clay is used in making bricks, blocks, mortar and plaster, or it is poured or rammed in a formwork. Unburnt clay is characterised by low resistance to the effects of water. This low resistance is the result of clay heaving when in contact with water and its shrinkage when drying out. These effects may be prevented by compaction, choice of suitable clay, dispersed reinforcement, use of additives, also called binders, stabilizers, stabilizing binders or a combination thereof.
• Lime or cement, or a combination thereof is mostly used as a binder and stabilizer, usually amounting to 3% - 6% of unburnt clay mass.
• these binders considerably increase vapour resistance, make the product less air-permeable and less vapour-permeable and change the product colour.
• they are used when making bricks, blocks and ramming clay into formwork. Increased vapour resistance is undesirable when unburnt clay is used for exterior plastering on straw insulation, where it could cause vapour condensation on straw/exterior plaster contact area.
• Air-permeable siding is used instead of plaster, e.g. larch wood, or a lime plaster is applied, which, however, is not very convenient due to its higher vapour resistance and longer seasoning, or unburnt clay mortar without stabilizers is used, which is protected against the effects of rain by a suitable architectural design.
• plaster e.g. larch wood
• lime plaster is applied, which, however, is not very convenient due to its higher vapour resistance and longer seasoning, or unburnt clay mortar without stabilizers is used, which is protected against the effects of rain by a suitable architectural design.
• Bitumen is also used as a stabilizing binder amounting to 3% - 6% of unburnt clay mass. However, these reduce strength, increase vapour resistance and change the product colour.
• the aim of the invention was to develop such a composition of unburnt clay, and/or the ratio of its additives, that would eliminate the disadvantages of the current solutions mentioned above completely, or at least to a certain extent.
• stabilized clay plaster with low vapour resistance particularly used as wall plaster
• the total plaster weight is the weight of the material before water is added to achieve required consistence.
• the dispersion powder is chosen either from the group of terpolymers on the basis of ethylene, vinyl laurate, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, vinyl ester, or a combination thereof, or from the group of copolymers on the basis of vinyl acetate, ethylene or a combination thereof, or it is a combination of a stabilizer chosen from the group of copolymers on the basis of vinyl acetate, ethylene and a hydrophobic agent, which is zinc stearate.
• the invention is characterised in that the stabilized mud plaster, before water is added, contains 98 percent by weight of unburnt clay and 2 percent by weight of stabilizing hydrophobic dispersion powder selected from the group of terpolymers on the basis of ethylene, vinyl laurate, vinyl chloride.
• An alternative preferred embodiment is characterised in that the stabilized mud plaster, before water is added, contains 99 percent by weight of unburnt clay and 1 percent by weight of stabilizing hydrophobic dispersion powder selected from the group of terpolymers on the basis of vinyl acetate, vinyl ester, ethylene.
• the stabilized mud plaster before water is added, contains 97 percent by weight of unburnt clay and 1.5 percent by weight of stabilizing dispersion powder selected from the group of copolymers on the basis of vinyl acetate, ethylene and 1.5 percent by weight of a hydrophobic agent, which is zinc stereate.
• the advantage and increased efficiency of the present invention is high clay stabilization without increasing vapour resistance.
• the principle of stabilization is based on double protection here. On one hand, it is higher tensile strength, because the forces generated by clay heaving particularly in the surface layer are absorbed, on the other hand, it is hydrophobization preventing water penetration into deeper layers.
• the stabilizing hydrophobic dispersion powder, as described in this invention unlike cement and lime, increases tensile strength considerably without significant increase in the vapour resistance of the mud plaster.
• the agent of hydrophobic effects is either the stabilizing hydrophobic dispersion powder or stabilizing dispersion powder with a hydrophobic agent.
• the stabilizing hydrophobic dispersion powder or stabilizing dispersion powder with a hydrophobic agent is gauged to prevent penetration of water in liquid phase and enable passage of water vapour.
• This kind of stabilization preserves the required properties, i.e. does not increase vapour resistance, prevents water penetration, does not change the product colour, does not generate dangerous properties and enables recycling.
• the stabilizing hydrophobic dispersion powder in the mud plaster is also efficient in a small quantity, let us say from 0.25 percent by weight of clay, when moderate stabilization against the effects of water is achieved. On the other hand, with the dosage exceeding 3 percent by weight of clay, the tensile strength and the pressure strength is improved considerably. Neither of these extreme examples will be used in a large scale.
• Unburnt clay with the viscosity, i.e. tensile strength in wet condition, exceeding 250g/5cm 2 and the drying shrinkage in length below 2% is mixed with the stabilizing hydrophobic dispersion powder in the ratio of 98 percent by weight of clay to 2 percent by weight of stabilizing hydrophobic dispersion powder.
• the dispersion powder is selected from the group of terpolymers on the basis of ethylene, vinyl laurate, vinyl chloride, or a combination thereof. Water is added to achieve the required consistence.
• Unburnt clay with the viscosity, i.e. tensile strength in wet condition, exceeding 250g/5cm2 and the drying shrinkage in length below 2% is mixed with the stabilizing hydrophobic dispersion powder in the ratio of 99 percent by weight of clay to 1 percent by weight of stabilizing hydrophobic dispersion powder selected from the group of terpolymers on the basis of vinyl acetate, vinyl ester, ethylene or a combination thereof.. Water is added to achieve the required consistence.
• Unburnt clay with the viscosity, i.e. tensile strength in wet condition, exceeding 250g/5cm2 and the drying shrinkage in length below 2% is mixed with the stabilizing hydrophobic dispersion powder in the ratio of 97 percent by weight of clay to 1.5 percent by weight of stabilizing dispersion powder selected from the group of copolymers on the basis of vinyl acetate, ethylene or a combination thereof and 1.5 percent by weight of a hydrophobic agent, which is zinc stereate. Water is added to achieve the required consistence.
• mud plaster in the form of dry mix.
• Minimum application thickness is 5 mm. It can be applied on straw insulation, mud wall (incl. reconstruction), smooth background with bonding agent. Plaster is applied on background levelled by unburnt clay without stabilisation, or directly.
• plaster made in-situ. Minimum application thickness is 5 mm. It can be applied on straw insulation, mud wall (incl. reconstruction), smooth background with bonding agent. Plaster is applied on background levelled by unburnt clay without stabilisation, or directly.
• the stabilized mud plaster according to this invention can be industrially- produced as dry mix or made in-situ following the manual.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-10-23 CZ CZ20080663A patent/CZ302139B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2009
  • 2009-10-22 WO PCT/CZ2009/000125 patent/WO2010045899A2/en active Application Filing

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