Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
  • A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
  • A61K36/25—Araliaceae (Ginseng family), e.g. ivy, aralia, schefflera or tetrapanax
  • A61K36/258—Panax (ginseng)
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
  • A61K36/82—Theaceae (Tea family), e.g. camellia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
  • A61K36/906—Zingiberaceae (Ginger family)
  • A61K36/9066—Curcuma, e.g. common turmeric, East Indian arrowroot or mango ginger
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
  • A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/24—Antidepressants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia

Definitions

• the present invention relates to combinations of extracts from different plants which always have a red-bush extract together with at least one further extract from another plant.
• the extract combination can be used for the prevention and / or treatment of dementia.
• the combinations of extracts from different plants serve in the broadest sense as food, in particular as a food supplement and as a medicament, in particular for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders of the central nervous system.
• the term pharmaceutically effective also includes those effects which lead to a subjective improvement of the condition, and a drug regulatory approval does not necessarily have to be required.
• rooibos tea Due to the aforementioned health-promoting flavonoids and its good taste, the rooibos tea is widespread.
• Other ingredients of the Rooibos are phenolic acids, essential oil, vitamin C and numerous minerals, especially iron.
• DE 10 2005 004 438 discloses a rooibos extract which, compared to the usual aspalathin content of 1 to 3% by weight, has an increased content of more than 5% by weight, with a simultaneously low chlorophyll content of less than 0.4% by weight. %, having.
• the rooibos extract is obtained by extraction from unfermented rooibos raw material using a mixture of 80 parts of ethanol and 20 parts of water.
• the rooibos extract with a high aspalathin content should be used because of the strong antioxidant, anti-irritant and antimicrobial effect especially for cosmetic use, for example, as a hair, skin or oral care products.
• a starting point of the present invention was the search for drugs for the treatment of central nervous system diseases, such as dementias, Parkinson's disease, depression and pain. These diseases are difficult to treat, and the drugs used in this case, such as tacrine, galantamine or nefopam have a wide spectrum of side effects.
• Dementia diseases include Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular dementia, and other causes of dementia (Prick's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and other rare causes), with Alzheimer's disease being the most common form of dementia. The earlier severe separation of vascular dementia and Alzheimer's dementia has recently been abandoned.
• Cholinesterase inhibitors are usually combined with a calcium / NMDA antagonist, but even here no clear therapeutic progress in terms of higher response rates and / or greater efficacy has been achieved.
• statins for the initial stage of the disease, no authorization has been issued by any authority, as no positive benefit-risk balance for one of the previously approved substances has been proven.
• statins for which epidemiological studies have demonstrated a significant prevention effect against Alzheimer's disease: statins, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and estrogens.
• Etiopathologically in about 5-10% of all cases, genetic causes are assumed in M. Alzheimer's dementia. A number of pathophysiological causes are discussed for the remaining 90-95%.
• the neuronal damage observed in each case can have a number of causes: (i) a disturbed cellular calcium homeostasis, (ii) increased free oxygen radicals formed, (iii) accumulations of ⁇ -amyloid, (iv) lack of growth factors, ( v) inflammatory processes, (vi) inducers programmed cell death (apoptosis), (vii) disturbance of the transmitter systems of the cholinergic, dopaminergic or glutamatergic signaling pathways, and (viii) secondary sequelae of infections with Chlamydia pneumoniae and herpes simplex or cytomegalovirus.
• South African patent application 2003/3674 describes compositions containing extracts obtained either from fermented and / or unfermented rooibos (Aspalathus linearis).
• the extracts described there are said to be antioxidant and inactivate harmful free radicals.
• An object of the invention is therefore to provide combinations of extracts from various plants for the treatment and / or prevention of these diseases.
• these drugs or compositions should have no or only negligible side effects in order to use them effectively as a preventive can.
• the present invention relates to a combination of extracts from various plants containing a combination of an extract obtained from unfermented rooibos together with at least one further extract obtained from fermented rooibos, ginseng, green tea and / or turmeric.
• the combination according to the invention is preferably a combination of dry extracts.
• the extracts preferably have a moisture content of ⁇ 5 wt%, more preferably ⁇ 4 wt%, most preferably ⁇ 2 wt%.
• the combination contains extracts from the following medicinal or food plants:
• the compound of the formula I is also referred to below as aspacate for short.
• Preferred salts are the potassium, sodium, ammonium or gluconate salts.
• the esters of acetic acid, formic acid or propionic acid are preferred. Particularly preferred are the esters of fatty acids such as C 10 to C 18 fatty acids, which may optionally also have one, two or three double bonds.
• the esters of fatty acids have hydrophobic residues that affect the lipophilic ratio of these esters.
• Preferred derivatives are coupling products of the compound according to formula I to ferulic acid, quinic acid, caffeic acid, gluconic acid or chlorogenic acid.
• the compound of the formula I is preferably used in its natural form or as a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, more preferably in its natural form according to formula I.
• esters are formic, acetic, propionic, glutaric, tartaric or succinic acid esters.
• Preferred salts are the salts with cationic, organic or inorganic counterions, in particular alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts or else salts with pharmaceutically acceptable acids such as succinates, citrates, tartrates.
• red-bush extract of unfermented red-bush with a content of the compound of the formula I of at least 1% by weight, preferably at least 1.5% by weight, particularly preferably at least 2.0% by weight, particularly preferably and most preferably at least 5% by weight.
• the red bush extract used according to the invention is produced by
• This drug is extracted with water or alcohol-water mixtures containing at least 40% (v / v) water. Preference is given to using mixtures of 10-60%, preferably 10-50%, preferably 15-40%, more preferably 15-25% and particularly preferably 20% methanol or 25-60%, preferably 30-50%, particularly preferably 30% ( Vol./Vol.) Ethanol used. The rest of the mix is water.
• an extract with a content of compound of the formula I of 0.05 to 0.4, depending on the charge of the drug used of up to 2.5-5 wt .-% can be achieved.
• the extract is preferably obtained by an optimized extractant, namely 20% methanol or 30% ethanol in water.
• the pure alcohol can first be added to the drug and, after a soaking phase of at least 30 minutes, the appropriate amount of water added.
• This extractant is optimized for the most complete extraction of the compound of formula I and at the same time high yield of total flavonoids.
• the extract differs from the hitherto commercially available extracts for internal use in tea beverages (purely aqueous extraction) by higher levels of the compound of formula I; of the extract for external use in cosmetics (80% ethanolic, Rapps) by the ratio of flavonoid groups to each other.
• the ethanol 80% extract was optimized for the highest possible aspalathin content.
• the ratio of the 3 flavonoid groups is changed by the relatively lipophilic extraction compared to the initial state in the drug. This is particularly evident in the ratio of the vitexin-like to the rutoside-like flavonoids.
• the 3 flavonoid groups be obtained in the extract in the same ratio as possible in the starting drug (taking into account the natural fluctuation range of the drug, process differences and differences from batch to batch). This ratio is then comparable to the ratio in the usual high quality (low fermentation grade) green rotbusch tea beverages.
• An extract with an even higher content of compound of the formula I and total flavonoids can be obtained by obtaining a high proportion of the substance from the previously described extract by further purification with size exclusion chromatography (Sephadex (or similar) column).
• Size exclusion chromatography Sephadex (or similar) column.
• an extract can be achieved which comprises: Compound of the formula I content:> 3%, preferably> 5%.
• Salary Aspalathin-like > 20%, preferably> 25%.
• extracts can be obtained by the preferred extraction method summarized in Table 1.
• Vitexin is the aglycone of apigenin, eg, vitexin (apigenin-8-C-glucoside), isovitexin (apigenin-6-C-glucoside), orientin (luteolin-8-C-glucoside), isoorientin (luteolin-6-C-glucoside ). Content [% [I Rutoside-Substance A-Vitexin Drug / Extract
• Flavonoids content - substance of formula I, rutoside group, substance A and vitexin group based on the drug used and based on the different prepared extracts (starting from the drug CH G310807SA).
• The% contents in each case represent average values from at least 2 extract work-ups.
• brackets is inserted in each case by what percentage or by how many times the corresponding flavonoid in comparison to the drug is contained in the respective extract.
• the invention also relates to the use of the combination of the plant extracts as a medicament or dietary supplement.
• the dietary supplement or medicament contains the rooibos extract in an amount of at least 25 mg, more preferably at least 50 mg, even more preferably at least 75 mg per dosage unit of the medicament.
• the combination with the red bush extract with the increased proportion of the compound of the formula I for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders of the central nervous system preferably for the treatment of dementias, Parkinson's disease, Depression and pain, more preferably Alzheimer's disease.
• the process for isolating the chemical compound is described in detail in Example 1, the structural formula is given in formula I.
• the compound of the formula I has both similarities to the structure of aspalathin and catechin (4o »2) - phloroglucinols ( Figure 1).
• the novel compound according to formula I has a high molecular weight of 740.66 g / mol.
• Such high molecular weight natural products are usually not used for drug screening, as they can pass the blood-brain barrier poorly due to their molecular weight. For the brain action or for the treatment of diseases of the central nervous system, such substances are therefore considered rather unsuitable.
• the pharmacological activity of the compound of the invention according to formula I was compared in the context of the present invention with the known ingredients of the red-bush extract, such as aspalathin, catechin or (-) - epicatechin.
• the experimental investigations unexpectedly show that the effect of the compound according to formula I can not be achieved with approximately equimolar amounts of aspalathin, catechin or (-) - epicatechin, although the compound according to formula I exhibits structural similarities to these natural substances.
• the novel compound according to formula I according to the invention has a higher pharmacological activity than these known ingredients of the red-bush extract and is therefore particularly suitable for use as a medicament.
• this novel compound with advantageous pharmacological activities makes it possible, in particular, to prepare a medicament based on the compound of the formula I in combination with other active ingredients.
• active ingredients namely the other plant extracts, have the disease in other ways favorable influencing properties.
• flavonoids contained in rooibos and ingredients in the overall composite.
• ingredients which have an antioxidant effect are suitable here.
• ingredients are suitable which have an antioxidant and / or neuroprotective and / or nerve function activating (nerve stimulus transmission activating) and / or cognitive performance-improving and / or memory-improving effect.
• the classic anti-dementia agents such as tacrine and galactamine, primarily provide for enhancement of nerve stimulus transmission, but have e.g. no neuroprotective effect.
• the antioxidant effect is only one aspect of the intended range of action in this combination.
• the special feature of the green rotbusch is the cognitive improvement and the memory improvement.
• the green bush already works synergistically with the other components.
• Green tea causes e.g. preventing the plaque formation of proteins on the nerve cells and is also neuroprotective. Ginseng promotes a new formation of nerve fibers.
• the combination of all these effects is a particular aspect of the invention.
• different groups of substances have been selected in order to open up the possibility of achieving the best possible effects via different bioavailabilities in the tissues and different mechanisms of action.
• a rooibos extract is prepared according to the invention, which has a content of the compound of formula I of at least 10, more preferably at least 20 wt .-%.
• the total flavonoid content in the unfermented rooibos extract is at least 17% by weight.
• a process according to the invention for the preparation of the compound of the formula I has the following steps (see also Example 1):
• the moisture content of the provided red-bushed raw material is 4 to 5% or less, since in this way an autofermentation of the starting material is prevented.
• the rooibos raw material is preferably soon subjected to extraction and not stored for a long time.
• the compound according to formula I, its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, derivatives and esters, as well as the red bush extract according to the invention are in particular for the prevention and / or treatment of diseases of the central nervous system, preferably dementias, Parkinson's disease, depressions, pain conditions and as Cell protection antioxidant or "radical scavenger" suitable.
• diseases of the central nervous system preferably dementias, Parkinson's disease, depressions, pain conditions and as Cell protection antioxidant or "radical scavenger" suitable.
• the treatment of Alzheimer's disease is particularly preferred.
• the extract of the invention serves to improve the thinking / memory performance, even if a disease / dementia (not yet) is recognizable.
• the rooibos extracts with the compound according to formula I are used both directly as such or as their ester or derivative in combination with further active compounds.
• Suitable derivatives, salts, complexes and esters and their preparation are known to the person skilled in the art.
• the preparation of pharmaceutically acceptable salts is also known to those skilled in the art.
• Suitable salt formers are all customary pharmaceutically acceptable acids or anions.
• couplings to acids such as ferulic acid, quinic acid, caffeic acid, gluconic acid, chlorogenic acid and related compounds are possible. In particular, coupling to gluconic acid is preferred.
• the coupling products of the compound according to formula I to the above acids are referred to as pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives.
• the compound is used as molecule according to formula I.
• the dietary supplements or drugs are administered orally, wherein, for example, topical, parenteral, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, nasal, inhalation, rectal or transdermal administration is possible.
• the combination according to the invention contains not only the rooibos extract of unfermented drug but also at least one, preferably at least two and more preferably at least three extracts from other plants, wherein in particular the respective amount moves relative to a dose unit in the following ranges:
• Green Rooibos extract 10-2000 mg, preferably 100-600 mg, more preferably
• 75 mg green tea extract 50-2000 mg, preferably 50-500, preferably 100-200, more preferably
• the content and ratio of other flavonoids may change.
• highly enriched Aspacat extracts contain even more flavonoids of the red bush, but much less and no longer in the original proportions.
• the extract like the starting drug, contains the following flavonoids:
• Extract water and mixtures of water with alcohol.
• Ethyl ketone is possible.
• alcohol can be used: ethanol, methanol,
• Propanol-1, propanol-2 with preference being given to: ethanol or methanol 0-90%, preferably
• Particularly preferred is 80% ethanol. Obtained thereby caffeine-containing extracts.
• Catechins epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epicatechin gallate, catechin, gallocatechin,
• Epigallocatechin among others Theanine, caffeine, theophylline, theobromine.
• EGCG > 10% preferred:> 25% (calculated as EGCG)
• Extractives Mixtures of water with alcohol and or acetone, pure alcohols or one of the following ketones: ethyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and supercritical
• Curcuminoids curcumin, desmethoxy-curcumin, bis-demethoxy-curcumin and optional
• total curcuminoids > 1%, preferably> 10%, particularly preferred:
• a preferred extractant is an ethanol-water mixture with 40% ethanol.
• Extract water and mixtures of water with alcohol.
• alcohols can be used: ethanol, methanol, propanol
• Protopanaxadiols ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and others
• Protopanaxatriole ginsenoside Rg1, Rg2, Rf, among others
• auxiliaries are known to the person skilled in the art and include, for example, fillers, disintegrants, lubricants, binders, wetting agents, etc.
• Suitable lubricants are e.g. Silicate, talc, stearic acid, magnesium or calcium stearate and / or polyethylene glycols.
• starches for example, starches, gum arabic, gelatin, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose or polyvinylpyrrolidone can be used as binders.
• Digestion agents are, for example, starch, alginic acid, alginates or sodium starch glycolates, intumescent mixtures.
• wetting agents for example, lecithin, polysorbates or lauryl sulfates can be used.
• dyes and sweeteners may also be included in the formulations.
• the pharmaceutical preparations may be prepared in known manner, e.g. by mixing, granulating, tabletting, sugar coating or coating coating processes.
• liquid dispersions and / or solutions for oral administration may be e.g. Beverages, drops, syrups, emulsions and suspensions.
• the syrup may contain as carrier eg sucrose or sucrose with glycerine and / or mannitol and / or sorbitol.
• the suspensions and the emulsions may contain as carriers, for example, a natural resin, agar, sodium alginate, pectin, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol.
• the suspensions or solutions for intramuscular injections may contain, together with the active ingredient, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, e.g. sterile water, olive oil, ethyl oleate, glycols, e.g. Propylene glycol, and, if desired, an appropriate amount of lidocaine hydrochloride.
• a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier e.g. sterile water, olive oil, ethyl oleate, glycols, e.g. Propylene glycol, and, if desired, an appropriate amount of lidocaine hydrochloride.
• solutions for intravenous injection or infusion may be used as carriers e.g. contain sterile water or they may preferably be in the form of sterile, aqueous, isotonic saline solutions.
• the suppositories may contain, together with the active ingredient, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, e.g. Cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol, a polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester or lecithin.
• a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier e.g. Cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol, a polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester or lecithin.
• compositions for topical application e.g. Creams, lotions or pastes can be prepared by mixing the active ingredient with a conventional oily or emulsifying carrier.
• the combination according to the invention can comprise an unfermented red-bush extract as well as the compound according to the invention of formula I or its salts, derivatives and esters in conventional amounts in the dietary supplements or drugs.
• 0.02 to 1% by weight of the compound according to the invention of formula I or its salts are used in solution.
• the unfermented rooibos extract is preferably used in amounts corresponding to an amount of the compound according to formula I of 1 to 1000 mg, more preferably 10 to 600 mg, even more preferably 50 to 400 mg and most preferably 50 to 250 mg. If a rooibos extract is used which has a very high proportion of the compound according to formula I, such an extract may be used in medicines in nutritional supplements in an amount between 3 and 600 mg, preferably between 5 and 100 mg and more preferably between 10 and 50 mg per daily dose.
• the dietary supplements (foods) described above can be prepared by conventional methods and administered in a pharmaceutically acceptable form.
• the solid dietary supplement or pharmaceutical agents preferred according to the invention may additionally contain preferably 1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 1 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 10% by weight of fillers.
• Fillers may be one or more compounds which provide some of the material to achieve the required and desired tablet or capsule mass. It is possible, inter alia, to use microcrystalline cellulose in various particle sizes, in particular with an average particle size in the range from 20 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, in particular in the range from 50 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, such as e.g. about 100 microns, such as the well-known Avicel products such as Avicel PH-101 and PH-102. Other suitable fillers are e.g.
• Corn starch potato starch, lactose, cellactose (a mixture of cellulose and lactose), calcium phosphate, dextrose, mannitol, maltodextrin, isomalt, optionally also sorbitol and sucrose. If direct compression is foreseen, care should be taken in the selection of fillers to use grades suitable for direct compression of tablets. In the case of commercial products, this is stated by the manufacturer or can be checked by simple tests. The most preferred filler is microcrystalline cellulose (commercial products include Avicel, Vivapur and Emcocel).
• Suitable disintegrants are known in the art. Explosives are often referred to by the English term “Disintegrants”. Disintegrators preferred according to the invention are, for example, crospovidone (Kollidon CL) and starch or pregelatinized starch, in particular the commercial product "Starch 1500". Further suitable starches are commercially available, for example, under the names Lycatab PGS, Prejel and Sepistab ST 200 available. Furthermore, the known so-called “Super Disintegrants” can be used, such as croscarmellose sodium (eg Ac-Di-SoI, etc.) and sodium carboxymethyl starch (eg Explotab, Primojel, etc.). Particular preference is given to starches such as Starch 1500.
• the content of disintegrant is usually 1 to 25 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 20% by weight, in particular 2 to 15 wt .-%. Suitable ranges for the content of disintegrant are also e.g. 2 to 5 wt .-% or 15 to 20 wt .-%, depending on the disintegrants, fillers and other additives used.
• the lubricant composition may comprise one or more compounds which assist in the preparation and processing of the tablet.
• Useful lubricants include stearic acid and its derivatives, such as calcium stearate, and especially sodium stearyl fumarate (commercially available, for example, under the name Pruv) and magnesium stearate, glycerol mono-, di- and especially tristearate, hydrogenated vegetable oil (eg, Lubritab, Dynasan, Sterotext ) or a polyethylene glycol (eg Lutrol, Carbowax).
• the content of lubricant is usually 0.1 to 4 wt .-%, preferably 0.2 to 4% by weight.
• the pharmaceutical composition of the invention may comprise one or more flow regulators.
• Suitable flow control agents are magnesium trisilicate, talc, and especially silica (e.g., Aerosil). If the composition comprises a flow control agent, this is usually present in an amount of 0.5 to 5 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 4 wt .-%, in particular 2 to 3 wt .-% present.
• the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may also contain stabilizers for the active ingredient, such as ascorbic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, etc., preferably ascorbic acid and / or citric acid.
• stabilizers for the active ingredient such as ascorbic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, etc.
• the content of stabilizer is usually in the range of 0.1-10 wt .-%, preferably 0.5 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 3 wt .-%.
• the pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention may contain other customary pharmaceutically acceptable additives and auxiliaries, but they preferably contain no further excipients apart from those specified above (filler, disintegrant, lubricant and, if appropriate, flow regulator and stabilizer).
• fillers such as microcrystalline cellulose
• binders can also serve as binders. Also fillers with binder function therefore count in the context of this application to the fillers.
• the pharmaceutical composition according to the invention can be film-coated with one or more coating agents.
• coating agents are shellac or shellac blends, hypromellose (hydroxypropylmethylcellulose), polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and various methacrylic acid polymers (Eudragite), with hypromellose and particularly Eudragite, shellac or shellac blends being preferred.
• the coating of the tablets is carried out in the usual way.
• other conventional constituents of tablet coatings such as plasticizers, pigments, pore formers or suspension stabilizers may be present in the coating, such as e.g. Polyethylene glycol (PEG), talc or titanium dioxide and optionally also lactose.
• the tablet weight is not particularly limited, usually tablets of 100 mg to 500 mg using pure drugs and 500 mg to 1500 mg when using extracts and plant powders. In capsules amounts of 100 mg to 1000 mg are used.
• the dosage unit of the drug or nutritional supplement may include, for example:
• peroral dosage forms preferably 1 to 1000 mg, more preferably 40 to 800 mg, more preferably 150 to 500 mg, even more preferably 300 to 600 mg, red bush extract per daily dose.
• the daily dose can be administered, for example, in 1 to 3 single doses, preferably in two single doses, daily. It can also be provided that 1-10 single doses of rooibos extract containing the compound according to formula 1 are administered daily.
• parenteral dosage forms for example intravenously, subcutaneously, intramuscularly: preferably 3 to 60 mg, more preferably 10 to 30 mg, of active ingredient per daily dose.
• the daily dose may be administered, for example, in 1 to 3 single doses, preferably in a single dose daily.
• dosage forms for rectal administration preferably 40 to 80 mg, particularly preferably 60 mg, active compound according to formula I of the extract per daily dose.
• the daily dose may be administered, for example, in 1 to 3 single doses, preferably in a single dose daily.
• For dosage forms for application to the skin and mucous membranes for example solutions, lotions, emulsions, ointments, etc.: preferably 40 to 80 mg of active ingredient, more preferably 60 mg of active ingredient per single dose. If the content of compound of the formula I is based on the ready-to-use solution, lotion, emulsion or ointment, the proportion by weight, based on such ointment-type medicaments, is between 0.05 and 20% by weight, preferably between 0.2 and 1% by weight. % of compound of formula I with respect to the creamy preparation.
• the daily dose may be administered, for example, in 1 to 6 single doses, preferably in 1 to 3 single doses, daily.
• It may be 10-2000 mg, preferably 10-1000 mg, preferably 10-500 mg combination according to the invention per dose unit.
• Figure 1 shows the structural formula of aspalathin (1) and catechin (4o-2) -phloroglucinol (2).
• FIG. 2 shows the numbering of the atoms in the compound according to formula I.
• FIG. 3 shows a UV spectrum of the compound of the formula I.
• Figure 4 shows a UV spectrum of aspalathin.
• Figure 5 shows a UV spectrum of rutoside.
• Figure 6 shows a UV spectrum of orientin.
• Figure 7 shows a UV spectrum of homoorientin.
• Figure 8 shows a UV spectrum of vitexin.
• This raw material is extracted with a mixture of methanol and water in the ratio 50:50 (parts by volume) at 6O 0 C for 1 hour under rotation, wherein the ratio of raw material: solvent is 1: 7. Thereafter, the liquid is filtered from the plant parts and the plant parts extracted again in the same manner and filtered.
• the two filtrates are combined and freed from the methanol under reduced pressure (220 mbar) and 55 ° C.
• the remaining aqueous solution is diluted with water to 5 times the weight of the used amount of dried plant parts and subjected to a liquid-liquid distribution. 3 liters of the aqueous solution are shaken out 4 times with in each case 1.5 l of water-saturated n-butanol and the combined butanol phases are brought to dryness under reduced pressure.
• the yield is about 10% of the amount of dried plant parts used.
• the 50 g of butanol extract are dissolved in 400 ml of mobile phase and added to the separation column.
• the column is washed with a flow of 1, 8 ml / min, until 3 L eluate are drained.
• the column packing is removed after complete draining of the remaining mobile phase and stirred (extracted) in 3 L of 100% methanol for 10 minutes.
• the stationary phase is filtered off and the eluate is dried.
• Substance I is in fractions 41 to 52.
• the pooled fractions 41 to 52 are lyophilized. Yield about 125 mg of substance I from 4 g of methanol extract. Chromatographic purity about 97% (HPLC).
• the content of the compound according to formula I in red bush and preparations from red bush is determined by means of HPLC / DAD according to the method of the external standard.
• the substance of the compound according to formula I is determined by means of HPLC / DAD according to the method of the external standard.
• rooibos extract Approximately 125 mg rooibos extract are weighed together with about 25 mg ascorbic acid into a 25 mL volumetric flask, mixed with approx. 22 mL water, shaken vigorously, if necessary, treated in an ultrasonic bath and filled up to the mark with water. Dry extract extractant not water:
• rooibos extract Approximately 125 mg rooibos extract are weighed together with about 25 mg ascorbic acid into a 25 ml volumetric flask, mixed with approx. 2.5 ml methanol and treated in an ultrasonic bath for 10 min. Then make up to the mark with water, shake vigorously and treat again for 10 min. In an ultrasonic bath.
• Standard solution and analysis solution are chromatographed directly under each other under the same conditions.
• the UV spectra of the reference substance are compared with the substance detected for the same retention time in the analysis chromatogram and, if the peak agrees as the compound according to formula I, calculated according to the following calculation formula:
• Ultrasonic bath at 40 0 C extracted.
• the mixture is then topped up with water to the mark, vigorously shaken and extracted again for 10 min in an ultrasonic bath at 40 0 C.
• the content of substance 1 in various extracts was calculated using the known content in Extract 1 (G110907SA) (0.95%) by the following formula (F area, V volume, m mass, g content, ⁇ na analysis, Sf Standard): 1
• Flavonoids of the substance A group are characterized by UV maxima at 287 nm and 228 nm. All peaks which show a high degree of agreement with this spectrum (FIG. 4) are counted to this group and the content is calculated according to the following formula:
• the correction factor k f is 0.4.
• Flavonoids are assigned to this group by means of a rutoside comparison spectrum (FIG. 5). The content is calculated using the formula:
• Open column chromatography methanol as eluent; 65 test tubes with an average of 2.5 ml solution.
• Drip speed between 10 - 17 drops per
• Fractions 1-3 as well as mixtures and overlaps thereof, provide suitable extracts after drying.
• fraction 2 from example 5 by means of medium-pressure LC on an RP18 column.
• Example 7 Formulation of a Combination of 4 Plant Extracts for the Prevention and Treatment of Dementia Diseases:
• the unfermented red-bush extract according to Example 4 was used as the unfermented red-bush extract.
• Example 8 Formulations of a Combination of 4 Plant Extracts for the Prevention and Treatment of Dementia Diseases:
• Hard Gelatin Capsule 1 capsule contains (mg): Curcuma Extr. 15
• Example 9 Formulations of a Combination of 3 Plant Extracts for the Prevention and Treatment of Dementia Diseases:
• 1 capsule contains (mg):
• 1 capsule contains (mg):
• Example 11 Formulations of a Combination of 3 Plant Extracts for the Prevention and Treatment of Dementia Diseases:
• 1 capsule contains (mg):
• 1 capsule contains (mg):
• Example 13 Formulations of a Combination of 2 Plant Extracts for the Prevention and Treatment of Dementia Diseases:
• 1 capsule contains (mg):
• Example 15 Formulations of a Combination of 2 Plant Extracts for the Prevention and Treatment of Dementia Diseases:
• 1 capsule contains (mg):
• Hargelatine capsule 1 capsule contains (mg):
• Green tea extract (60% epigalocatechin gallate) 150 mg
• Aerosil 200 (q.s. for example: 0.14%) 0.5 mg
• a randomized, double-blind, human study was conducted to demonstrate the improvement in human memory performance by a green rooibos red-bush green tea ginseng capsule (described in Example 19).
• a comparator a placebo capsule containing only microcrystalline cellulose was administered.
• 2 x 3 hard capsules were given daily before breakfast and before lunch over a period of four weeks.
• the test was evaluated by quantitative-topographic EEGs at rest and in the presence of provocations.
• the subjects filled out questionnaires.
• the present study shows that after single administration of the capsules with extract of green rooibos, rooibos, green tea and ginseng, lower delta and alpha performance was achieved with closed eyes compared to placebo.
• the fronto-temporal brain region which is important for cognitive functions, there are statistically significant differences in the frequency pattern.
• the memory test occurs at the combined electrode positions F7, T3, Fz, T5 to an increased decrease of the delta and alpha 1 waves under Verum- conditions.
• the result of the study provides initial indications for improving cognitive performance by taking capsules containing a mixture of extracts of green rooibos, rooibos, green tea and ginseng after single dosing. It mainly memory processes seem to be affected. Even after repetitive administration, statistically significant differences to placebo administration could be documented one hour after administration, which should be interpreted in terms of a positive influence on memory functions.

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