WO2010006588A2 - Verfahren und vorrichtung für die analyse von biogas - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung für die analyse von biogas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010006588A2 WO2010006588A2 PCT/DE2009/000982 DE2009000982W WO2010006588A2 WO 2010006588 A2 WO2010006588 A2 WO 2010006588A2 DE 2009000982 W DE2009000982 W DE 2009000982W WO 2010006588 A2 WO2010006588 A2 WO 2010006588A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- biogas
- sound
- sound waves
- sound wave
- measuring
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0011—Sample conditioning
- G01N33/0014—Sample conditioning by eliminating a gas
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/02—Analysing fluids
- G01N29/024—Analysing fluids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/222—Constructional or flow details for analysing fluids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/021—Gases
- G01N2291/0215—Mixtures of three or more gases, e.g. air
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for the analysis of biogas.
- Biogas plants are known and proven in various embodiments. In such biogas plants, fermentation of biomass such as green waste, food residues, manure or specially grown agricultural products such as maize or the like takes place.
- water vapor and hydrogen sulphide also develop to a considerable extent, naturally depending on the biomass reaching for fermentation.
- the biogas produced in biogas plants can be used by internal combustion engines to generate electricity or for the combined generation of electricity and heat.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device with which the methane content in a biogas can be determined inexpensively but with sufficient accuracy.
- Process step a cooling of a biogas volume flow to a predetermined temperature below the condensation temperature of the water vapor contained in the biogas.
- the thus preconditioned biogas is then applied in a measuring room with the sound waves of a directed sound source. From a measurement of the transit time between the emission and the reception of the sound waves, the wave propagation velocity can be determined in a known path traveled by the sound waves and off this is the methane content and / or the carbon dioxide content of the biogas.
- the measurement takes place within a biogas stream or within a part volume flow separated for measurement purposes.
- the biogas produced at the temperatures mentioned above is saturated with water vapor.
- the water vapor contained condenses partially. Since the temperature is kept constant, the water vapor content is set by this thermostating of the biogas to a constant, dependent only on the temperature value and thereby completely eliminates the dependence of the speed of sound in the biogas of the temperature and the water vapor content.
- the propagation speed of the sound waves in the biogas conditioned in this way depends only on the volume fractions of the components methane and carbon dioxide. Therefore, according to the invention, the preconditioned biogas can be acted upon by sound waves of a directed sound wave in a measuring space. From the measurement of the transit time between the emission and the reception of the sound waves and the fixed, traveled path of the sound waves, the wave propagation speed can be determined and from this the composition of the biogas.
- a desulfurization is made, in particular a removal of the hydrogen sulfide content.
- known methods can be used. It may be thought to desulfurize only the separated volume flow used for the analysis and / or to desulfurize the entire biogas produced.
- the temperature difference between the biogas to be supplied to a cooling and the predetermined temperature for the analysis should be selected such that the conditions for condensation of the water vapor content can be reliably achieved. This is the case at a predetermined temperature of 20 0 C to 35 ° C regularly. In particular, it is envisaged that in a mesophilic fermentation at a temperature of 37 ° C resulting biogas is cooled to a predetermined temperature of 25 ° C for the analysis.
- This predetermined temperature should be kept as constant as possible during a measurement in order not to falsify measurement results.
- the sound waves should penetrate the medium biogas as undisturbed as possible in order to carry out a precise analysis. Therefore, frequencies of the sound waves lying in the ultrasonic range have proven to be successful.
- the path of the sound waves is to be dimensioned sufficiently large.
- the emitted sound waves are reflected before they are received. Due to this simple measure, the distance traveled by the sound waves but predetermined path can be made long even in small measuring spaces compared to its individual dimensions. It can also be thought that the sound waves are reflected in itself, whereby a combined training of sound wave transmitter and sound wave receiver is possible, in particular using piezoelectric elements.
- Claim 9 a device intended for the analysis of biogas, which has a tube-like measuring space, which is sealed gas-tight at both ends, which is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet for the biogas, and at one end centrally has a sound wave transmitter and a sound wave receiver and the other centrally has a sound wave reflector.
- the device is mechanically robust and can be produced inexpensively.
- the device with a corresponding length of the tubular measuring space, allows exact measurements, since the double length of the tube-like measuring space is available as a predetermined path for the sound waves.
- the gas inlet and the gas outlet are each attached radially and / or tangentially to the end of the measuring space.
- a piezzo sound wave transmitter is used for generating, in particular an ultrasonic signal.
- a piezoelectric element is provided for generating and for receiving the sound waves, as they are used, for example, for ultrasonic distance measurement.
- Such a measure also reduces the costs of the device according to the invention since it is possible to dispense with the use of special components in the biogas analysis device according to the invention.
- the sound wave reflector which is designed as a simple, flat plate and in particular as a reflection octane, for example, by three, each oriented at an angle of 90 degrees to each other, interconnected, simple sheet metal plates.
- a Reflection octant will reflect occurring sound waves on a path parallel to the inlet direction, so that only small demands on its positioning must be made.
- the piezoelectric element of the sound wave transmitter generates a short ultrasonic pulse, which propagates in particular parallel to the tube axis.
- This ultrasonic pulse is reflected at the reflection octant and reflected back to the piezo element, which now functions as a sound sensor. From the transit time between the emission of the ultrasonic pulse and the arrival of the reflection wave and the known, traveled path, the speed of sound can be determined from the unambiguous on the composition of the biogas in terms of the proportions of methane and carbon dioxide content, since all other influences excluded by the preconditioning of the biogas.
- the path of the sound waves between the sound wave transmitter and the sound wave receiver is between 200 mm and 2000 mm.
- a measuring chamber of round cross-section so that can be made of commercially available tubes for the formation of the measuring space.
- the diameter of such, the measuring space forming tube should be between 7.5 cm and 12.5 cm, in particular 10 cm, so that a sufficiently large volume flow can be measured.
- the method and the device according to the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, whose single figure diagrammatically explains the method and an embodiment of a Biogas analyses Vorrichrung reproduces.
- a volumetric flow is first separated according to the invention, indicated by the line 2 with the compressor 3.
- Desulfurization of the separated biogas volumetric flow is provided as the following process step in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, for example in a wet process, indicated by a scrubber or absorber tower 4.
- Other processes are nevertheless suitable, since the desulfurization, the separation of the hydrogen sulphide fraction, only the further preconditioning of the biogas is used.
- the entire, the biogas plant withdrawn biogas can be subjected to desulfurization.
- Such a preconditioning of the biogas is used for the subsequent cooling of the biogas to a constant, predetermined temperature of, for example, 25 ° C., so that portions of the water contained in the biogas condense out. Cooling takes place in the illustrated embodiment by using a compression refrigeration system 6 with indicated capacitor. 5
- a Peltier cooling element in a separated for an analysis and correspondingly low volume flow can alternatively be used for cooling, a Peltier cooling element. After desulfurization and cooling to the predetermined operating temperature of 25 ° C., the influence of a variable water vapor content and an impurity by hydrogen sulphide are eliminated for an analysis, so that the propagation velocity of sound in the biogas preconditioned in this way only depends on the ratio of the methane. and carbon dioxide levels.
- the preconditioned biogas is fed to a biogas analyzer 7.
- the biogas analyzer 7 is tube-like and has a measuring space 8 of round cross section and for example a diameter of 10 cm and a length of 50 cm.
- the gas inlet 9 and the gas outlet 10 takes place radially end side of the measuring chamber 8, alternatively tangentially.
- the end faces 11,12 which complete the measuring chamber 8 gas-tight at both ends, undisturbed for receiving a sensor available.
- the sensor system consists essentially of a combined sound wave transmitter 13 and a sound wave receiver 14, which preferably operate in the ultrasonic range and more preferably have a piezoelectric element for this purpose.
- a sound wave reflector 15 is arranged on the front side 12. This is formed in the embodiment by a three, in each case at an angle of 90 ° to each other oriented plates having reflective octant, which reflects parallel to the Meßraumachse 16 emitted ultrasonic pulses of the sound wave transmitter 13 parallel to the inlet direction and sends back in the direction of the sound wave receiver 14. From the transit time between the emission of the ultrasonic wave and the arrival of the reflected wave and the path traveled by the sound wave can be concluded that the speed of sound and from this clearly on the composition of the biogas from methane and carbon dioxide.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112009001666T DE112009001666A5 (de) | 2008-07-14 | 2009-07-10 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Analyse von Biogas |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008032841.3 | 2008-07-14 | ||
DE200810032841 DE102008032841A1 (de) | 2008-07-14 | 2008-07-14 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Analyse von Biogas |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010006588A2 true WO2010006588A2 (de) | 2010-01-21 |
WO2010006588A3 WO2010006588A3 (de) | 2010-03-18 |
Family
ID=41328961
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2009/000982 WO2010006588A2 (de) | 2008-07-14 | 2009-07-10 | Verfahren und vorrichtung für die analyse von biogas |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (2) | DE102008032841A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2010006588A2 (de) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3111415A1 (de) * | 1981-03-24 | 1982-10-07 | VIA Gesellschaft für Verfahrenstechnik mbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | Messgas-kuehleinrichtung |
JPS61172047A (ja) * | 1985-01-25 | 1986-08-02 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | フイルタ付ガス検知素子 |
EP0291630A2 (de) * | 1987-05-15 | 1988-11-23 | Gröger & Obst Mess- und Regeltechnik GmbH | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Aufbereitung eines zu analysierenden Gases |
DE8712814U1 (de) * | 1987-09-23 | 1989-01-19 | VIA Gesellschaft für Verfahrenstechnik mbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | Meßgaskühleinrichtung |
US6346142B1 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2002-02-12 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | System for removing water from a gaseous sample |
US20040099045A1 (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2004-05-27 | Proton Energy Systems | Combustible gas detection systems and method thereof |
DE102006030964A1 (de) * | 2006-07-03 | 2008-01-10 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Konzentrationen von Komponenten eines Gasgemisches |
-
2008
- 2008-07-14 DE DE200810032841 patent/DE102008032841A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-07-10 DE DE112009001666T patent/DE112009001666A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-07-10 WO PCT/DE2009/000982 patent/WO2010006588A2/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3111415A1 (de) * | 1981-03-24 | 1982-10-07 | VIA Gesellschaft für Verfahrenstechnik mbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | Messgas-kuehleinrichtung |
JPS61172047A (ja) * | 1985-01-25 | 1986-08-02 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | フイルタ付ガス検知素子 |
EP0291630A2 (de) * | 1987-05-15 | 1988-11-23 | Gröger & Obst Mess- und Regeltechnik GmbH | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Aufbereitung eines zu analysierenden Gases |
DE8712814U1 (de) * | 1987-09-23 | 1989-01-19 | VIA Gesellschaft für Verfahrenstechnik mbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | Meßgaskühleinrichtung |
US6346142B1 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2002-02-12 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | System for removing water from a gaseous sample |
US20040099045A1 (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2004-05-27 | Proton Energy Systems | Combustible gas detection systems and method thereof |
DE102006030964A1 (de) * | 2006-07-03 | 2008-01-10 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Konzentrationen von Komponenten eines Gasgemisches |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102008032841A1 (de) | 2010-01-28 |
DE112009001666A5 (de) | 2011-04-07 |
WO2010006588A3 (de) | 2010-03-18 |
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