WO2010005052A2 - Management method for storage battery of electric vehicle - Google Patents

Management method for storage battery of electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010005052A2
WO2010005052A2 PCT/JP2009/062528 JP2009062528W WO2010005052A2 WO 2010005052 A2 WO2010005052 A2 WO 2010005052A2 JP 2009062528 W JP2009062528 W JP 2009062528W WO 2010005052 A2 WO2010005052 A2 WO 2010005052A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
storage battery
electric vehicle
management method
exchange
battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2009/062528
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
見敏 石井
Original Assignee
Ishii Mitoshi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ishii Mitoshi filed Critical Ishii Mitoshi
Priority to JP2010519816A priority Critical patent/JPWO2010005052A1/en
Publication of WO2010005052A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010005052A2/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B60K2001/0461—Removal or replacement of the energy storages from the side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/30—Preventing theft during charging
    • B60L2270/36—Preventing theft during charging of vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for managing a large-capacity storage battery in an electric vehicle. More specifically, the battery of an electric vehicle storage battery can be replaced in a short time and with simple work, and the amount of electric power used can be settled. It relates to the management method.
  • Patent Document 2 a technology related to a standardized exchangeable secondary battery that includes a watt hour meter that can control the input / output power amount is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 2). Furthermore, a technique related to an electrode connection structure of a vehicular storage battery that improves the efficiency of replacement work of the storage battery is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 3). In addition, by renting a battery that can be charged and discharged, and collecting the rental fee, the data related to charging or discharging by the battery borrower is measured, and the rental fee is calculated according to this usage data. A fee collection method is known (for example, see Patent Document 4).
  • the battery is charged or replaced, and the power supply is charged according to the battery usage status.
  • an automobile power supply service system including service means and a service management center for managing power supply service means (see, for example, Patent Document 5).
  • a power supply charging system and a power supply charging method for reducing the initial cost of a battery in an electric vehicle are also known (see, for example, Patent Document 6).
  • Patent Document 7 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-16706 JP 2004-303702 A Utility Model Registration No. 2557531 JP 2002-291110 A JP 2002-140398 A JP 2007-108922 A JP 2007-116799 A
  • the battery cannot be replaced in a time equivalent to or less than the current refueling time of gasoline or the like, and can be replaced with a simple work. It was not a thing.
  • the concave electrode joint provided in the vehicle body side joint is only connected to the convex electrode of the battery pack, and the use environment such as vibration may be bad. There is a problem that there is a possibility that a problem occurs in reliability.
  • the technique of Patent Document 2 is a technique in which the practical part is unknown as to how the replaceable secondary battery is attached to the electric vehicle.
  • Patent Document 3 has a rail-shaped electrode connection portion corresponding to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the storage battery, and there is a problem that the replacement operation is still not easy.
  • the techniques of Patent Documents 4 to 6 are for reducing the price of a storage battery from the present state, they are still insufficient. In other words, in order to increase the spread of electric vehicles, there is still a technology that requires improvement to make the price of electric vehicles including storage batteries equal to or lower than that of internal combustion engine vehicles. Furthermore, electric vehicles have problems such as “charging for a long time” and “short travel distance”, and it has been necessary to solve them.
  • Patent Document 7 displays the remaining battery level and the estimated distance traveled, it is easy for the driver to see and is not easily visible on the map.
  • this technology provides detailed location information for battery charging stations by searching for nearby charging stations based on the location and address on the map, information on charging capacity, holding battery, etc., and the location of the traveling vehicle.
  • the driver does not see a display that is easy to see. There is no warning when the battery needs to be charged.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and achieves the following object.
  • the objective of this invention is providing the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle which can aim at the spread expansion by providing an electric vehicle cheaply.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for managing storage batteries in an electric vehicle, in which the storage battery usage fee can be settled and replaced in a short time.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a storage battery management method for an electric vehicle that displays the replacement distance of the storage battery on a screen of a car navigation system or the like in an electric vehicle.
  • the storage battery management method for an electric vehicle is a storage battery management method for an electric vehicle equipped with a standardized and detachably replaceable storage battery, and the storage battery management company that manages the storage battery is a standard
  • the storage battery management company, the storage battery management company lends the storage battery to an electric vehicle manufacturing company that manufactures the electric vehicle, or an electric vehicle owner that owns the electric vehicle, and the storage battery management company
  • a storage battery exchange station and / or storage battery exchange shelf device for exchanging the used storage battery with a small remaining amount of charge and the charged storage battery fully charged or almost fully charged along the road
  • the electric vehicle owner pays out the used power charge and storage battery maintenance charge of the loaned battery at the time of replacement of the storage battery. And wherein the door.
  • the method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle according to the second aspect of the present invention is the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the storage battery and / or the electric vehicle includes a battery control unit that controls the storage battery.
  • the method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle according to a third aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the first aspect, the electric vehicle is provided with an identification member for identifying the owner of the electric vehicle.
  • the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle of the present invention 4 is the present invention 1
  • the storage battery has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a connection terminal is provided on a surface orthogonal to a moving direction for attaching and detaching the storage battery to and from the electric vehicle.
  • the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle of the fifth aspect of the present invention is the second aspect of the present invention.
  • the storage battery is provided with a thermometer for measuring the temperature of the storage battery, and the storage battery control unit, when the storage battery reaches a predetermined temperature or more, or when a predetermined temperature state continues for a predetermined time, Control is performed to generate a predetermined signal as an abnormal situation and stop the operation of the storage battery.
  • a battery management method for an electric vehicle wherein the storage battery exchange or the storage battery exchange shelf device includes a battery exchange side control unit capable of collecting data of the storage battery control unit, The battery replacement side control unit calculates the power consumption charge and the storage battery maintenance charge of the storage battery every time the storage battery is replaced or by integration every predetermined period.
  • a seventh aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle according to the second aspect, wherein the storage battery management company is provided with a management computer capable of collecting data of the storage battery control unit. Alternatively, the power consumption charge of the storage battery and the storage battery maintenance charge are calculated for each predetermined period.
  • the storage battery management method for an electric vehicle according to the present invention 8 includes, in the present invention 7, wireless communication between the battery exchange side control unit provided in the storage battery exchange or the storage battery replacement shelf device and the management computer.
  • a communication line is provided, and data related to the storage battery is transmitted to and received from the management computer via the communication line.
  • a ninth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle according to the first to eighth aspects, wherein when the electric vehicle owner owns the electric vehicle, the owner of the electric vehicle is registered and the electric vehicle is stolen. When an abnormal situation including an accident occurs, the possession registration of the electric vehicle is canceled, and the storage battery whose owner is unknown is controlled so as not to operate.
  • a method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, wherein the electric vehicle owner registers a savings account or a credit card for settlement with the storage battery management company. Alternatively, payment is made from the credit card.
  • a storage battery management method for an electric vehicle wherein the electric vehicle acquires position information from a GPS, searches for a destination based on the position information, and displays it on a map.
  • the car navigation system includes a position measurement unit for acquiring the position information from the GPS, searches for map data based on the position information, and determines a route to the destination.
  • a route search unit for searching and a display unit for displaying the route as a result of searching by the position information, the map, and the route search unit, the route search unit from the travelable distance calculation unit, Obtaining distance data indicating the travelable distance, acquiring the position information indicating the current position of the electric vehicle from the position positioning unit, and The distance marker indicating the scope of the travelable distance of the motor vehicle, on the basis of the distance data, and displaying on the map displayed on the screen of the display unit.
  • the storage battery management method for an electric vehicle according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention is the storage battery switching station and / or the storage battery replacement shelf device within the range of the travelable distance from the current position of the electric vehicle according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention.
  • One or more of the routes up to are displayed.
  • the distance mark is displayed in a circle having the current position of the electric vehicle as a center point and the travelable distance being a radius. It is characterized by that.
  • the method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle according to the present invention 14 is as follows: In the present invention 13, when the storage battery exchange station and / or the storage battery replacement shelf device is within a predetermined number within the circle, A circle is highlighted and displayed, or the route search unit issues an alarm.
  • the present invention enables mass production of storage batteries by ordering a large number of standardized storage batteries by a storage battery management company, and can achieve a significant cost reduction. Moreover, by lending this storage battery to an electric vehicle manufacturer or an electric vehicle owner free of charge, the price of the electric vehicle can be greatly reduced. In other words, the storage battery and the electric vehicle can be provided at a low cost, which can contribute to the spread of electric vehicles.
  • the long-term charging and short mileage issues that have been involved in electric vehicles over the years are also among the storage battery exchange stations and storage battery exchange shelf devices installed in various locations along the road. This can be solved by quickly replacing a used storage battery and a charged storage battery in a storage battery exchange, a storage battery exchange shelf device, or the like.
  • the storage battery has a configuration in which connection terminals are arranged on a surface orthogonal to the moving direction for attachment / detachment (withdrawal / removal), and the storage battery can be replaced and the amount of power used can be adjusted in a short time. It became so.
  • the standardized storage battery is managed by the storage battery management company and maintained.
  • a storage battery management company can collect used storage batteries and charge them efficiently in a factory or the like. That is, overcharging can be prevented, charging can be performed at an appropriate charging speed, and the life of the storage battery is not reduced. In other words, an engineer who is an expert can perform careful maintenance and use it for a long period of time.
  • the storage battery exchange station and / or storage battery exchange shelf device for exchanging the storage battery is displayed on the screen, and the storage battery exchange station and / or storage battery exchange shelf device nearest to or near the electric vehicle. The route to was displayed. This makes it easier for the driver to see when and where to replace the storage battery, greatly reducing the stress and burden.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing a storage battery management system in an electric vehicle of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an external view showing an outline of a storage battery mounted on an electric vehicle.
  • FIG. 3 is an external view showing an outline of the electric vehicle.
  • FIG. 4 is an external view showing an outline of a storage battery storage device for inserting a storage battery.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an outline of a storage battery control unit provided in the storage battery.
  • FIG. 6 is an external view showing an outline of a storage battery exchange shelf device installed in a storage battery exchange.
  • FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an outline of an electric vehicle equipped with a car navigation system.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a screen on the display unit of the car navigation system.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing Example 1 of the operation of the car navigation system.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating Example 2 of the operation of the car navigation system.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing a storage battery management system in an electric vehicle of the present invention.
  • 2 is an external view showing an outline of a storage battery mounted in an electric vehicle
  • FIG. 3 is an external view showing an outline of the electric vehicle
  • FIG. 4 is an outline of a storage battery storage device for inserting the storage battery.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an outline of a storage battery control unit provided in the storage battery.
  • FIG. 6 is an external view showing an outline of a storage battery exchange shelf device installed in a storage battery exchange.
  • a storage battery 1 suitable for use in the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
  • a large-capacity storage battery for example, a lithium ion secondary battery or a nickel metal hydride battery
  • a standardized battery as much as possible.
  • the large-capacity standardized storage battery 1 is described in detail by the present applicant in PCT / JP2008 / 56562 (filed on April 2, 2008).
  • PCT / JP2008 / 56562 filed on April 2, 2008.
  • an outline thereof will be described.
  • the storage battery 1 has a front surface (a surface corresponding to a lid 11 side of a storage battery storage device 110 described later) 3 and a rear surface (a surface corresponding to the back side of a main body 10 of a storage battery storage device 110 described later) 2. It is a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the storage battery 1 may be a rectangular parallelepiped having a width of 400 mm, a height of 200 mm, and a depth of 980 mm, a weight of 784 N (80 kgf), a voltage of 100 V, a current of 100 A, and the like.
  • the voltage of the storage battery may be 200V or the like.
  • the storage battery 1 may be used in an electric vehicle of any manufacturer in the world using the standardized product.
  • a plug terminal 4a on the positive (positive) side made of a conductor (for example, metal) is provided on the rear surface 2.
  • a holding terminal 5 b on the negative (negative) pole side made of a conductor (for example, metal) is provided on the front surface 3.
  • the outer peripheral part of the storage battery 1 is good to be formed with the material (for example, synthetic resin etc.) provided with electrical insulation.
  • the storage battery 1 may be formed of a material having electrical insulation only in the vicinity of the insertion terminal 4a and the holding terminal 5b.
  • the plug terminal 4a and the sandwiching terminal 5b of this form are of a knife switch type adapted to the maximum current of the storage battery 1.
  • the insertion terminal 4a is a plate-like member that protrudes from a flat rectangular parallelepiped casing of the storage battery 1, and has a tapered guide portion at the tip. The tapered guide portion facilitates insertion into the main body side clamping terminal 14b (see FIG. 4).
  • the sandwiching terminal 5b is disposed on the other side surface of the casing, and the other side surface is a side surface facing the one side surface on which the insertion terminal 4a is disposed.
  • the sandwiching terminal 5b is composed of two plate-like members protruding in parallel from the other side surfaces, and the two plate-like members are an upper side terminal and a lower side terminal, respectively. Between the upper side terminal and the lower side terminal of the clamping terminal 5b, the lid side insertion terminal 15a is formed in a shape that can be inserted.
  • the sandwiching terminal 5b and / or the lid-side plug-in terminal 15a has a tapered guide portion formed on the tip side in order to facilitate the mutual insertion.
  • a handle 6 for pulling out the storage battery 1 from the storage battery storage device 110 is provided on the front surface (other side surface) 3 of the storage battery 1.
  • the storage battery 1 is provided with a storage battery control unit 20 as shown in FIG.
  • the storage battery control unit 20 may install all of the elements described below on the electric vehicle 100 side or only a part of its functions. Since these are connected by communication means, the function described below does not change depending on where they are physically arranged.
  • the storage battery control unit 20 is provided with a CPU 21 as information processing means for performing various data processing, and a ROM 23 and a RAM 24 are connected to the CPU 21 as a main storage device via a bus 22 (see FIG. 5). .
  • the CPU 21 operates in accordance with the system program and data stored in the ROM 23 and the program and data loaded into the RAM 24 (read into the memory).
  • an OS operating system
  • a display control program 23a for displaying characters and figures on the display unit 27, and a storage battery are replaced as a charged storage battery.
  • Storage battery power consumption calculation program 23b for calculating the amount of power used from the moment the vehicle is used to the present, and a travelable distance calculation for calculating the distance that the electric vehicle can travel from the remaining charge amount remaining in the storage battery 1
  • a program 23c a temperature graph display control program 23d for displaying temperature data in a graph, a data transmission / reception program 23e for transmitting / receiving various data via the data transmission / reception unit 33, and a power consumption amount for a predetermined period (for example, 1 Storage battery power consumption integration program 23f etc. for integration every month) A.
  • the storage battery control unit 20 can perform the processing for calculating the power consumption of the storage battery 1 by executing the storage battery power consumption calculation program 23b.
  • the storage battery control unit 20 can perform a calculation process of the travelable distance of the storage battery 1 by executing the travelable distance calculation program 23c.
  • the storage battery use power amount integration program 23f the use power amount of the storage battery 1 can be integrated.
  • the temperature graph display control program 23d, the data transmission / reception program 23e, and the like it is possible to perform processing according to the programs. These programs may be stored in other storage means such as a hard disk.
  • this storage means may be anything that can store each program and can be loaded into the RAM.
  • a battery remaining capacity meter 31 for measuring the remaining capacity of the storage battery 1 and a thermometer 32 for measuring the surface temperature of the storage battery 1 and the like are connected to the bus 22 via an interface.
  • the bus 22 has a remaining capacity data memory 28 for storing remaining capacity data for each predetermined condition (for example, a predetermined time), and temperature data when a predetermined condition (for example, a predetermined temperature range is exceeded). ), A temperature data memory 29 for storage is connected.
  • the data of the temperature data memory 29 can be displayed as a graph on the display unit 27 by executing the temperature graph display control program 23d. Further, the remaining capacity memory 28 stores a remaining charge amount when the storage battery 1 is stored in the electric vehicle 100 as the charged storage battery 1. When the temperature of the storage battery 1 rises above a preset temperature, or when a predetermined temperature state continues for a predetermined time, the storage battery control unit 20 issues a danger signal indicating danger for a predetermined time. , Stop energization. The electric vehicle 100 stops after a predetermined time.
  • the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 operates the steering wheel so as to bring the electric vehicle 100 toward the end of the road for safety.
  • the storage battery control unit 20 ensures safety so that a fire or the like does not occur from the storage battery 1.
  • control is performed such as suppressing an excessive current flow so that the life of the storage battery 1 is not significantly reduced.
  • This temperature data is stored in the temperature data memory 29 as the relationship between the passage of time and the temperature change. In this way, it becomes easy to solve a problem when an abnormal situation occurs in the storage battery 1.
  • the temperature data memory 29 may be stored endlessly for a predetermined time like a flight recorder used in an aircraft. Further, when a predetermined condition is exceeded, storage may be started and only a predetermined time may be stored. On the display unit 27, the amount of charge (electric power) (KWH) remaining in the storage battery 1, the amount of charge (electric power) (KWH) when the battery is replaced as a charged storage battery, used (consumed) ) Used (consumed) power consumption (KWH), storage battery temperature (° C.), and other data can be displayed by key operation of the input unit 26.
  • KWH electric power
  • KWH storage battery temperature
  • the display data is one type selected from the remaining charge amount (KWH), the charge amount at the time of replacement (KWH), the used (consumed) power consumption amount (KWH), the storage battery temperature (° C.), and the like.
  • the above data may be used.
  • the remaining charge amount (remaining power amount) can be obtained from the voltage value, current value, etc. between the terminals.
  • a so-called battery remaining capacity meter (battery remaining capacity device) or the like can be used.
  • a battery remaining capacity meter (battery remaining capacity device) is known in Japanese Patent No. 4092659, Japanese Patent No. 3778060, Japanese Patent No. 3692192, and the like, and detailed description thereof is omitted in the present invention.
  • the consumed (used) electric energy can be obtained by calculating the difference between the data of the battery remaining capacity meter 31 when it is replaced as a charged storage battery and the data from the current battery remaining capacity meter 31.
  • the storage battery control unit 20 transmits / receives data to / from the storage battery exchange 73 or the battery exchange side control unit 73a of the storage battery exchange shelf device 500 (see FIGS. 1 and 6) and the control unit of the electric vehicle 100.
  • a data transmission / reception unit (for example, an antenna, a magnetic coil, etc.) 33 is provided.
  • the data transmission / reception unit 33 is a non-contact type battery exchange side control unit 73a, via a battery exchange side control unit 73a and a data transmission / reception unit (not shown) provided in the control unit of the electric vehicle 100. Transmission / reception can be performed between the control unit of the electric vehicle 100 and the storage battery control unit 20.
  • the storage battery 1 is managed by the storage battery management company 70.
  • the storage battery management company 70 orders a large number of storage batteries 1 standardized for the electric vehicle 100 from the storage battery manufacturer 71.
  • the storage battery management company 70 purchases and manages all the storage batteries 1 produced by the storage battery manufacturer 71.
  • the storage battery management company 70 lends the storage battery 1 to the electric vehicle manufacturer 72 free of charge.
  • the electric vehicle 100 manufactured by the electric vehicle manufacturer 72 is bought by the electric vehicle owner 80 with the storage battery 1 built-in.
  • the storage battery management company 70, the storage battery manufacturer 71, the electric vehicle manufacturer 72, etc. are referred to as “company” for convenience in the present invention, but legally defined as a corporation, limited company, public organization, NPO, etc. It does not mean a single organization, but an organization or individual that performs such a function.
  • the electric vehicle owner 80 can purchase the electric vehicle 100 in which the storage battery 1 lent free of charge is built. Therefore, the electric vehicle owner 80 can purchase the electric vehicle 100 at a significantly lower price than before. That is, the electric vehicle owner 80 can purchase the electric vehicle 100 at a lower price than a gasoline vehicle, a diesel vehicle, or the like that incorporates many parts including engine-related precision parts such as engine blocks and cylinders.
  • the storage battery management company 70 considers the convenience of the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 and replaces the storage battery exchange 73 and the storage battery replacement shelf device 500 with main roads (for example, main roads, highways, national roads, Set up multiple places at predetermined locations along prefectural roads.
  • main roads for example, main roads, highways, national roads, Set up multiple places at predetermined locations along prefectural roads.
  • a plurality of storage battery exchanges 73 and storage battery exchange shelf devices 500 are installed on a main road at predetermined distances (intervals).
  • a storage station 73 and a storage battery exchange shelf device 500 are installed in a gas station, a convenience store, a parking lot provided in a company / shop / government / street corner, etc., a highway service area, a road station, etc. .
  • the large storage battery exchange 73 may be provided with a storage battery exchange shelf device 500 provided with a charging device.
  • the storage battery exchange shelf apparatus 500 which is not equipped with the charging device in the small storage battery exchange 73. Moreover, what installed only the storage battery exchange shelf apparatus 500 may be sufficient as what corresponds to a storage battery exchange place.
  • the person in charge of the storage battery management company 70 collects the used storage battery 1, supplies and distributes the charged storage battery 1, and arranges it. .
  • the used storage battery 1 performs a charging operation in a charging factory 74 equipped with a charging facility.
  • a large storage battery exchange station (storage battery exchange shelf apparatus 500 equipped with a charging device) 73, etc.
  • the storage battery is charged under the optimum conditions with inexpensive power such as nighttime power.
  • electric power electric power (electricity) generated by natural energy such as wind power, sunlight, and wave power may be used.
  • the used storage battery 1 can be efficiently charged at the charging factory 74, the large storage battery exchange 73, or the like. That is, overcharging can be prevented, charging can be performed at an appropriate charging speed, and the life of the storage battery is not reduced.
  • the charged storage battery 1 is arranged in the storage battery exchange shelf device 500. By doing in this way, this electric vehicle 100 can reduce running cost.
  • the storage battery management company 70 is a company that manages the management of the storage battery 1, lends it, and settles the amount of power used (consumed).
  • the storage battery management company 70 orders and purchases the storage battery 1 from the storage battery manufacturer 71.
  • the storage battery management company 70 pays a storage battery manufacturer 71 for the storage battery manufacturing.
  • Storage battery management company 70 lends storage battery 1 to electric vehicle manufacturer 72 free of charge.
  • the electric vehicle manufacturer 72 manufactures the electric vehicle 100.
  • the storage battery 1 is built in the electric vehicle 100 and assembled.
  • An IC tag (electronic tag) (not shown), which is an identification member for identifying the electric vehicle owner 80 who owns the electric vehicle 100, is attached to the electric vehicle 100 at a predetermined position.
  • the IC tag data can be read by an IC tag reader (not shown) or the like, and the electric vehicle owner 80 can be specified by this data.
  • the electric vehicle owner 80 purchases and owns the electric vehicle 100 with the built-in storage battery 1 lent free of charge. At this time, the electric vehicle owner 80 makes a contract with the storage battery management company 70 and notifies the account number, name, etc. of the deposit and saving for payment. In addition, the electric vehicle owner 80 reports the possession registration of the electric vehicle 100.
  • the storage battery management company 70 stores and registers the account number and name of the electric vehicle owner 80 in the management computer 70a.
  • the registration computer 70a also registers the notification of possession registration of the electric vehicle, the data (identification data) of the IC tag attached to the electric vehicle, and the like.
  • the storage battery management company 70 installs a storage battery exchange 73 and a storage battery exchange shelf device 500.
  • the storage battery exchange shelf device 500 of the storage battery exchange 73 is provided with a battery exchange side control unit 73a.
  • the battery replacement side control unit 73a may be provided for each storage battery replacement shelf device 500, or may be provided for a plurality of storage battery replacement shelf devices. Further, the plurality of storage battery exchange shelf devices 500 installed in the storage battery exchange 73 may be provided as a common one (in other words, the battery exchange side control unit of the storage battery exchange).
  • the battery exchange side control unit 73a and the management computer 70a are connected by a communication line 78 such as the Internet, a telephone line, and a wireless line. That is, the battery exchange side control unit 73a and the management computer 70a can exchange data with each other via the communication line 78. Further, the storage battery management company 70 performs a collection and delivery operation of the storage battery 1, a maintenance operation of the storage battery 1, a settlement operation of the amount of electric power used (consumed), a payment operation of a charge of the storage battery exchange 73, and the like. Information on the storage battery 1 is transmitted to and received from the management computer 70 a of the storage battery management company 70 via the communication line 78.
  • a communication line 78 such as the Internet, a telephone line, and a wireless line. That is, the battery exchange side control unit 73a and the management computer 70a can exchange data with each other via the communication line 78. Further, the storage battery management company 70 performs a collection and delivery operation of the storage battery 1, a maintenance operation of the storage battery 1,
  • This payment operation may be made by paying by bank transfer from the account of the deposit and saving of the electric vehicle owner 80 according to a contract between the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 and the storage battery management company 70.
  • the account transfer may be performed every time the storage battery 1 is replaced, or the account transfer may be performed every predetermined period (for example, one month).
  • the storage battery management company 70 may notify the settlement amount confirmation before performing the account transfer. In this case, the replacement time of the storage battery 1 may be further shortened.
  • this checkout work may use a credit card, debit card, prepaid card, member's card (dedicated card for battery replacement), and the like. Even if a credit card, a debit card, a prepaid card, or the like is used, the replacement time of the storage battery 1 can be shortened, and it becomes a safety measure for the storage battery exchange 73.
  • credit cards, debit cards, etc. can be read by reading information data such as credit cards, debit cards, etc. into a card reader provided in the storage battery exchange shelf device 500, handy terminal, etc. Check it out.
  • a storage battery storage device 110 is disposed below the front side seat 102 and below the rear side seat 103.
  • the storage battery storage device 110 is provided so that the storage battery 1 can be taken out and inserted from the side of the electric vehicle 100 when the front door 104 and the rear door 105 are opened.
  • the storage battery storage device 110 includes a main body 10 and a lid body 11.
  • the body 10 is provided with a lid 11 that swings around a hinge spindle 12 so as to be openable and closable.
  • the opening 13 is one surface of the main body 10, and the storage battery 1 can be taken in and out from the opening 13.
  • the lid body 11 is formed with a bolt hole 11h for closing the lid body 11 that opens and closes and allowing the shaft portion of a bolt (not shown) to pass through when the lid body 11 is fixed to the main body 10.
  • the main body 10 is provided with a screw hole 10 h for fixing the lid 11 to the main body 10.
  • the lid 11 is fixed to the main body 10 by screwing the screw portion of the bolt into the screw hole 10h.
  • Main body side clamping terminals 14 b and 14 b into which the insertion terminals 4 a and 4 a of the storage battery 1 are inserted are provided on the end face on the back side of the main body 10 of the storage battery storage device 110.
  • the main body side clamping terminals 14 b and 14 b are connected to the positive electrode side of the electrical component of the electric vehicle 100.
  • the body side clamping terminals 14b and 14b are made of an elastically deformable material.
  • the lid 11 has lid-side insertion terminals 15 a and 15 a protruding therefrom, and the lid-side insertion terminals 15 a and 15 a are connected to the negative pole side of the electrical component of the electric vehicle 100.
  • the lid-side insertion terminals 15 a and 15 a of the lid 11 are connected to the holding terminals 5 b and 5 b of the storage battery 1. That is, the sandwiching terminals 5b and 5b are formed of an elastically deformable material.
  • both terminals are connected.
  • connection terminals (clamping terminals, plug-in terminals) were provided on both the front surface and the rear surface of the storage battery, it was connected to either the front surface or the rear surface of the storage battery.
  • a terminal (clamping terminal, plug-in terminal) may be provided.
  • connection terminals need only be provided on at least one of the surfaces orthogonal to the moving direction for attaching and detaching (removing) the storage battery to and from the storage battery storage device.
  • the storage battery storage device may also change the position where the connection terminal is provided, corresponding to the position of the connection terminal of the storage battery.
  • Data transmitted from the data transmission / reception unit 33 of the storage battery control unit 20 of the storage battery 1 is a driving operation side display unit of the electric vehicle 100 via an automobile side data transmission / reception unit (not shown) and a control device (not shown). 101.
  • the data transmitted from the data transmitting / receiving unit 33 can confirm, for example, the remaining charge amount, the distance that can be traveled with the remaining charge amount, and the like to the person operating the electric vehicle 100. Is displayed near the handle.
  • the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 who is driving the electric vehicle 100 can check the remaining charge amount of the storage battery 1 and the travelable distance from the screen.
  • the storage battery management company 70 replaces a charged storage battery 1 with a storage battery exchange 73 for replacing the used storage battery 1 and a storage battery replacement shelf device 500 with main roads (for example, main roads, highways, national roads, At predetermined positions along the prefectural roads, etc., at intervals of a predetermined distance.
  • the storage battery control unit 20 executes the storage battery power consumption calculation program 23b, thereby performing a process for replacing the charged storage battery stored in the remaining capacity data memory 28 and the current battery remaining capacity meter 31.
  • the amount of used (consumed) power used (consumed) is calculated based on the remaining charge amount data and the like.
  • the amount corresponding to the calculated power consumption may be settled. This settlement may be performed each time the storage battery 1 is replaced, or the amount of power used (consumed) may be integrated to be performed every predetermined period (for example, one month).
  • the storage battery replacement shelf device 500 will be described below with reference to FIG.
  • the storage battery exchange shelf device 500 of this embodiment includes a charging device (charging function) provided in a large storage battery exchange 73.
  • the storage battery exchange shelf device 500 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, is formed in a shelf shape, and a shelf body 500a in which each storage unit stores the storage battery 1 is formed, and the storage battery 1 is supplied with electric power to be charged.
  • a charging control device (not shown) for displaying various information, an input unit (not shown) for inputting various operation commands, a charging control device, an input unit, a display unit, etc.
  • Battery replacement control unit 73a see FIG. 1) and the like.
  • the battery exchange side control unit 73a is provided with a data transmission / reception unit 33 of the storage battery 1 and a battery exchange side data transmission / reception unit 73b for transmitting and receiving data.
  • the battery exchange side data transmitting / receiving unit 73b is provided for each storage unit 502 of the shelf body 500a. That is, when the storage battery 1 is stored in the storage unit 502 of the shelf body 500a, data can be transmitted / received between the data transmission / reception unit 33 of the storage battery 1 and the data transmission / reception unit 73b of the battery replacement side control unit 73a. ing. Further, the battery exchange side control unit 73a can perform data transmission / reception in a non-contact manner with the electric vehicle 100 side via a data transmission / reception means (not shown).
  • the storage battery exchange shelf device 500 is provided with a plurality of storage units 502 that can store the storage batteries 1 one by one.
  • the shelf main body 500a has storage units 502 of 4 rows horizontally and 5 columns vertically. Is provided. That is, the storage battery exchange shelf device 500 of this embodiment can accommodate a maximum of 20 storage batteries 1 at the same time.
  • Each storage unit 502 is provided with a charging device side terminal (not shown) connected to the insertion terminal and the holding terminal of the storage battery 1.
  • the charging device side terminal is connected to a storage battery charging device (not shown) controlled by a charging control device (not shown).
  • each storage unit 502 of the shelf body 500a includes a battery presence sensor (not shown) for detecting whether or not the storage battery 1 is stored. If the charging control device detects that the used storage battery 1 is stored by the output of the battery presence / absence sensor, the charging control device causes the storage battery charging device to charge the storage battery 1. When the storage battery 1 is fully charged or almost fully charged, the charging control device stops the operation of the storage battery charging device and outputs a charged signal.
  • this output signal it is possible to display which storage battery 1 in which storage unit 502 is a charged storage battery.
  • this display is provided with an indicator lamp 503 corresponding to each storage unit 502 to indicate that there is a charged storage battery 1.
  • the indicator lamp 503 is in a blinking state while the storage battery 1 is being charged, and is in a lighting state when the charging is completed.
  • the indicator lamp may indicate a state indicating that charging is completed or being charged by a color change. Further, when the storage battery 1 is being charged, the corresponding indicator lamp 503 may be lit in red, and when charging is completed, it may be lit in green.
  • a cooling fan may be provided on the upper rear surface of the shelf body 500a.
  • the shelf body 500a is provided with a display unit 510 that displays each operation status and the state of the storage battery charging device.
  • the display unit 510 can display the state of the storage battery charging device, the operation procedure, and the like.
  • “Preparing” is displayed on the display unit 510. If the storage unit 502 is empty, “No. storage unit is empty” is displayed. Next, when there is a charged storage battery 1, “how many storage units have a charged storage battery” is displayed on the display unit 510.
  • the storage battery 1 can be replaced as follows.
  • the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 feels anxiety when the remaining charge amount (or travelable distance) of the storage battery 1 displayed on the driving operation side display unit 101 is insufficient while the electric vehicle 100 is traveling. Then, it travels to the nearest storage battery exchange 73 and the storage battery exchange shelf device 500 and parks. In the case of an electric vehicle that can be charged by plug-in at home, it may be charged at home.
  • the bolts fixed to the main body 10 of the electric vehicle 100 are loosened and removed, and the lid 11 is opened.
  • the connection state between the holding terminals 5 b and 5 b of the storage battery 1 and the insertion terminals 15 a and 15 a of the lid 11 is released.
  • the handle 6 is grasped and pulled out, and the used storage battery 1 whose charging amount is reduced from the opening 13 is taken out.
  • the connection state between the plug-in terminals 4a and 4a and the body-side clamping terminals 14b and 14b is released.
  • the inside of the main body 10 becomes empty.
  • the used storage battery 1 is fully charged, or the charged storage battery 1 charged to a substantially fully charged state is inserted into the main body 10 of the storage battery storage device 110, and the insertion terminals 4a and 4a of the storage battery 1 are connected.
  • the main body side clamping terminals 14b and 14b of the main body 10 are connected.
  • the holding terminals 5b and 5b of the storage battery 1 and the lid-side insertion terminals 15a and 15a of the lid 11 are connected, and the replacement operation of the storage battery 1 is completed in a short time.
  • a replacement cart or the like may be used.
  • the technology relating to the replacement cart is disclosed in detail by the present applicant in (WO 2008/123543 A1).
  • the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 feels uneasy about the remaining charge amount (travelable distance) of the electric vehicle 100
  • the storage battery exchange station 73 and the storage battery replacement shelf device 500 charge the storage battery 1 that has been charged. Can be replaced quickly.
  • the vehicle may be departed immediately without paying off for payment of used (consumed) electric energy, and thereafter, from the savings and savings account that the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 has notified to the storage battery management company 70.
  • Checkout is completed by direct debit or by credit card.
  • the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 can replace the storage battery 1 and immediately resume traveling.
  • a person in charge (engineer) of the storage battery management company 70 performs operations such as settlement of used (consumed) electric energy, collection and delivery, and charging of the used storage battery 1.
  • the replacement work of the storage battery 1 can be completed in a short time since the replacement work of the storage battery 1 has no refueling time for an internal combustion engine vehicle (gasoline vehicle).
  • the electric vehicle owner 80 immediately cancels the registration of the possession of the electric vehicle 100 to the storage battery management company 70.
  • the management computer 70a is input that the notification of canceling the registration of possession registration has been issued from the electric vehicle owner 80. That is, the notification of possession registration of the electric vehicle is deleted from the data regarding the electric vehicle owner 80 stored in the management computer 70a.
  • the data of the IC tag is transmitted to the management computer 70a when the storage battery 1 is replaced, the notification of possession registration of the electric vehicle is deleted on the management computer 70a side. Cannot be confirmed.
  • the data of the IC tag is transmitted to the management computer 70a via, for example, the data input / output means, the control unit 73a, and the communication line 78. Since the exchanged charged storage battery 1 cannot be confirmed by the electric vehicle owner 80 of the mounted electric vehicle 100 or the vehicle body of the electric vehicle 100, the electric vehicle 100 is controlled by controlling so that the switch is not turned on. Do not run.
  • the owner of the electric vehicle cannot be confirmed in the management computer 70a, it can be confirmed in the storage battery management company 70, and the effect of preventing theft is obtained.
  • confirmation of the presence / absence of notification of possession registration may be performed by the battery replacement side control unit 73a and the storage battery control unit 20.
  • the battery replacement side control unit 73a and the storage battery control unit 20 are connected to the management computer 70a via the communication line 78 and the like, and can confirm the data in the management computer 70a. That's fine.
  • the state that cannot be confirmed is transmitted to the management computer 70a of the storage battery management company 70, it can be confirmed by the storage battery management company 70 and there is an effect of preventing theft.
  • the electricity charge including all of these is less than half the gasoline cost.
  • the cost of the storage area 1 is not generated, and the electric vehicle 100 can be provided to the electric vehicle owner 80 at a reduced price.
  • the electric vehicle owner 80 may pay the cost equivalent to the amount of power used for charging the storage battery 1 as a container free of charge. If the price of the electric vehicle 100 is reduced by renting the storage battery 1 free of charge, the electricity cost corresponding to this fuel cost will be 1 ⁇ 2 or less compared to the fuel (gasoline) cost of a conventional gasoline car, etc. 100 can be spread and expanded.
  • the storage battery 1 can be used for a long time by the storage battery management company 70 performing detailed maintenance with specialized technology.
  • the power consumption includes insurance / maintenance costs for storage battery 1, but if it is divided as long-term depreciation of storage batteries over 10 years, the amount per month is a small share, and the storage / storage insurance / maintenance costs etc. Even if it is included, it will not be a significant amount of money.
  • the storage battery 1 starts from a lead storage battery and has evolved into a CADNICA battery and a nickel-metal hydride battery. Currently, a lithium ion battery is said to be an excellent storage battery. However, technological progress is steadily progressing.
  • the storage battery is a standardized storage battery and is managed collectively by the storage battery management company 70, even if new types of high-performance storage batteries are developed and released, they can be gradually adopted according to customer requirements. Therefore, mass production processing can be performed in the best form currently available.
  • the electric vehicle 100 is friendly to the earth in order to reduce carbon dioxide gas, which is one of the measures for preventing global warming, it is not widely used at present.
  • One of the big problems is that there is no storage battery for electric vehicles that can be supplied at low cost. Therefore, if a storage battery is owned by a storage battery management company as a container for supplying power and the storage battery is lent to a user such as an electric vehicle, the fuel ( For example, it is approximately 1/20 of gasoline), and it is less than fuel cost even if it includes 10-20 years of depreciation of storage battery and insurance, maintenance, repair, and tax. The following prices can be set.
  • the storage battery 1 for the electric vehicle 100 When the storage battery 1 for the electric vehicle 100 is privately owned, the storage battery 1 increases the price of the electric vehicle 100 because the storage battery 1 is expensive. Further, when the storage battery 1 is managed by an individual, there is a possibility that a short-time charge or a momentary heat generation trouble may occur, and the lifetime may be shortened.
  • the electric vehicle 100 does not have an expensive engine that is one of the main components, and can be sold cheaply without an expensive storage battery cost. Therefore, the electric vehicle 100 can be provided much cheaper than a conventional internal combustion engine vehicle.
  • FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an outline of a car navigation system 200 mounted on the electric vehicle 100.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a screen of the display unit 205 of the car navigation system 200.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the car navigation system 200.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the car navigation system.
  • the car navigation system 200 receives position information from the GPS satellite 202 via the antenna 201.
  • the GPS Global Positioning System
  • the GPS Global Positioning System
  • the GPS Global Positioning System
  • the car navigation system 200 searches for a road route to a destination based on position information received from the GPS satellite 202, and displays the searched route on a map.
  • the car navigation system 200 includes a position positioning unit 203, a route search unit 204, and a display unit 205.
  • the antenna 201 receives signals from three to four GPS satellites 202, and the position positioning unit 203 of the car navigation system 200. Performs signal processing to identify current position information.
  • the route search unit 204 searches the map data based on the position information received by the position measurement unit 203 and searches for a route to the destination.
  • Map data is stored as a database in a recording unit (not shown) of the car navigation system 200.
  • the display unit 205 displays position information of the current position, a map, and a route obtained as a result of search by the route search unit.
  • the display unit 205 also includes an input interface for a user such as a driver (for example, an electric vehicle owner (user)) driving the electric vehicle 100 to input a destination or the like.
  • the route search unit 204 is connected to the storage battery control unit 20 (see FIGS. 1 and 5).
  • the route search unit 204 receives distance data indicating a travelable distance from the storage battery control unit 20 (see FIGS. 1 and 5). Specifically, the route search unit 204 is connected to the data transmission / reception unit 33 (see FIG. 5) of the storage battery control unit 20 and acquires distance data. In addition, the route search unit 204 is connected to the control unit of the electric vehicle 100 and can acquire distance data. The route search unit 204 acquires position information indicating the current position of the electric vehicle 100 from the position positioning unit. The route search unit 204 calculates a distance mark indicating the range of the distance that the electric vehicle can travel based on the distance data, and transmits the distance mark to the display unit 205.
  • the display unit 205 displays the current position, map, and distance mark of the electric vehicle 100 received from the route search unit 204 on the screen.
  • FIG. 8 shows the display unit 205.
  • the display unit 205 includes a map display area 210, an information display area 211, and an operation area 212.
  • the information display area 211 displays a graph 213 indicating the remaining capacity (remaining capacity) of the storage battery (battery) 1 and other information in a text format or the like. In the example of the screen, the remaining capacity of the storage battery 1, the travelable distance, the storage battery exchange 73, the storage battery exchange shelf device 500, the destination, and the like are illustrated.
  • the operation area 212 provides an interface for operating the car navigation system 200 and includes a plurality of buttons and the like.
  • the button 214 displays a menu for displaying the main screen of the car navigation system 200.
  • a button 215 is a button for changing another display format. This is for selecting a display format other than that illustrated in FIG.
  • the button 216 is a button for returning to the previous operation.
  • the button 218 is used to select the item selected with the cursor.
  • the map display area 210 is for displaying a map and displaying necessary information thereon.
  • a road 220 is displayed on the map.
  • a mark 221 indicating the current position of the electric vehicle 100 marks 222a, 222b and 222c indicating the storage battery exchange, and circular marks 223 and 224 indicating the travelable distance are displayed.
  • a route 225 searched by the route search unit 204 is also displayed.
  • Circular marks 223 and 224 indicating the travelable distance are displayed with the current position of the electric vehicle as a center point.
  • the current position of the electric vehicle is a mark 221, and the mark 221 is the center point of the circular marks 223 and 224.
  • the circular marks 223 and 224 are circular with a radius that can be traveled.
  • the circular mark 223 is displayed during normal traveling, and is displayed when there are two or more storage battery exchange stations 73 (or storage battery replacement shelf devices 500) within the travelable distance.
  • the number of storage battery exchanges 73 becomes one in the circular mark 223, it changes to the circular mark 224 and is highlighted.
  • This highlighting also has the meaning of warning the driver. The driver sees this highlighting and is convenient to know at a glance that the storage battery 1 must be replaced immediately.
  • this highlighting can be freely designed such that the circular mark 223 or the circular mark 224 is turned on or the displayed color is changed.
  • a route 225 indicates a route from the electric vehicle 100 to the nearest storage battery exchange 73. If the driver drives the electric vehicle 100 along the route 225, the driver can arrive at the storage battery exchange 73 before the storage battery 1 is completely discharged, and the storage battery can be reliably replaced.
  • the size of the circular mark 223 or the circular mark 224 becomes smaller as the travelable distance becomes shorter.
  • the apparent size of the circular mark 223 or the circular mark 224 depends on the scale on which the map is displayed.
  • the thickness of the line between the circular mark 223 and the circular mark 224 is preferably increased as the traveling distance becomes shorter.
  • ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Alarms can be displayed by voice or text on the screen instead of highlighting or in combination with highlighting.
  • the text alert can be displayed in the map display area 210 and / or the information display area 211.
  • the size of the text and the display message may be changed depending on the length of the travel distance. For example, the text size should increase as the travel distance decreases. As the mileage becomes shorter, the displayed message also says, “The storage battery replacement time is approaching.”, “The storage battery replacement is necessary”, “Replace the storage battery immediately”, “Emergency storage battery replacement”, etc. It is recommended to raise the warning level.
  • the route search unit 204 first acquires the remaining capacity (remaining amount) information of the storage battery 1 from the storage battery control unit 20 (step 10). And the route search part 204 acquires the data regarding the distance (A) which can be drive
  • the route search unit 204 sends the travelable distance (A) to the display unit 205, and the display unit 205 displays the travelable distance on the map (step 13). Further, the route search unit 204 searches the map for the range of the travelable distance (A), sends data indicating the display range to the display unit 205, and the display unit 205 displays this on the map ( Step 13). The route search unit 204 checks whether or not the travelable distance (A) is within the warning range (step 14). In this example, the alarm range is indicated by a distance L. This distance L is the distance to the second closest storage battery exchange or the nearest storage battery exchange.
  • the distance L may be a predetermined distance. For example, when the travelable distance (A) becomes 10 km or less, the route search unit 204 may recognize this as the alarm range. If A is shorter than L, it is determined as an alarm range, and the display unit 205 highlights on the map (step 15). Alternatively, the route search unit 204 issues an alarm (step 15). The highlighting is as described in the description of FIG.
  • the alarm to be generated is preferably a sound generation means and an alarm sound is generated.
  • the sound generation means may be any device, but in particular, a speaker (not shown) built in the car navigation system 200, another sound device connected to the car navigation system 200, and the like can be exemplified.
  • the next processing may be an original function of the car navigation system 200 such as destination search.
  • the next processing may be an original function of the car navigation system 200 such as destination search.
  • the processes from the first step 10 to step 15 are repeated.
  • the flowchart of FIG. 10 shows another example of the operation of the car navigation system.
  • the process before step 19 is the process of steps 10 to 15 in FIG.
  • the route search unit 204 acquires data related to the storage battery exchange 73 (step 20).
  • the route search unit 204 searches for the closest storage battery exchange 73 within the travelable distance using the travelable distance data acquired in Step 11 (Step 21).
  • the position of the storage battery exchange 73 is displayed (step 22).
  • a route to the nearest storage battery exchange 73 is searched (step 23). It is preferable to search for one or more routes to the nearest storage battery exchange 73, preferably two or more routes. In the example of FIG. 8, only the route 225 to the mark 222a indicating the nearest storage battery exchange is illustrated. Here, the route to the mark 222c indicating the storage battery exchange may be searched and displayed.
  • the route search unit 204 transmits the searched route 225 to the display unit 205, and the display unit 205 displays the route 225 to the storage battery exchange 73 on the map information display unit 210 (step 24).
  • the process proceeds to the next process (step 25). This next processing is step 16 in FIG.
  • the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. It goes without saying that changes can be made without departing from the scope and purpose of the present invention. For example, it is described that the calculation of the electric energy used by the owner of the electric vehicle is performed by the storage battery control unit, but the battery exchange side control unit of the storage battery exchange (or storage battery exchange shelf device), storage battery management You may do this with a company management computer. That is, the remaining charge amount when it is replaced as a charged storage battery, the remaining charge amount when it is replaced as a used storage battery, and identification data that can identify the electric vehicle owner are shared via a communication line. If possible, the same processing can be performed.
  • the storage battery management method for an electric vehicle according to the present invention can reduce carbon dioxide emissions, contribute to the spread of environmentally friendly electric vehicles, transport industry using electric vehicles, manufacture and sales of electric vehicles Can be used in various industries such as manufacturing, storage battery manufacturing, sales, and environmental industries.

Description

電気自動車の蓄電池の管理方法Electric vehicle storage battery management method
　本発明は、電気自動車における大型大容量の蓄電池の管理方法に関する。更に詳しくは、短時間に、かつ、簡単な作業で蓄電池の交換、使用電力料金の精算ができるとともに、電気自動車を安価に提供して普及の拡大を図ることができる、電気自動車の蓄電池の電池管理方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for managing a large-capacity storage battery in an electric vehicle. More specifically, the battery of an electric vehicle storage battery can be replaced in a short time and with simple work, and the amount of electric power used can be settled. It relates to the management method.
　現在、地球温暖化が進み、この温暖化が異常気象、砂漠化、氷河、北極海の氷等の減少による陸地、島等の海岸線近傍、低地等が水没する現象の原因の一つになっていると言われている。
　従来より、地球温暖化防止対策の一つとして、二酸化炭素（ＣＯ２）の削減が提唱され、そのため施策が推し進められている。一方、経済発展が著しい新興国等において、内燃機関自動車（例えば、ガソリン自動車、ディーゼル自動車）が普及しようとしている。化石燃料（例えば、原油、天然ガス、石炭）は、埋蔵量が有限の資源であり、消費量が増大することにより枯渇することへの懸念がある。 Currently, global warming has progressed, and this warming has become one of the causes of submergence of land, islands, coastal areas, lowlands, etc. due to abnormal weather, desertification, glaciers, arctic ice loss, etc. It is said that there is.
Conventionally, reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) has been proposed as one of the measures for preventing global warming, and measures have been promoted accordingly. On the other hand, internal combustion engine vehicles (for example, gasoline vehicles, diesel vehicles) are about to spread in emerging countries where economic development is remarkable. Fossil fuels (for example, crude oil, natural gas, coal) are resources with limited reserves, and there is a concern that they will be depleted as consumption increases.
　また、これらのことによって化石燃料の一つである原油の価格が高騰し、それに伴って、ガソリン、軽油等の価格も高騰している。その対策の一つとして、穀物（例えば、とうもろこし）等からアルコール（例えば、バイオエタノール）を抽出して、代替エネルギーをするいわゆるバイオ燃料が提案されている。しかし、このバイオ燃料は、食糧となる穀物を使用することが多い。また、高値で売買可能なバイオ燃料になる穀物の耕作面積が増大することによって、従来から耕作されている食糧穀物の耕作面積が減少すると言われている。 Also, due to these factors, the price of crude oil, one of the fossil fuels, has soared, and the price of gasoline, light oil, etc. has also soared. As one of the countermeasures, so-called biofuels that extract alcohol (eg, bioethanol) from cereals (eg, corn) or the like to provide alternative energy have been proposed. However, this biofuel often uses grain as food. Moreover, it is said that the cultivated area of food grains that have been conventionally cultivated decreases as the cultivated area of cereals that become biofuels that can be bought and sold at high prices increases.
　このことにより、穀物価格の高騰、食糧不足等を生じさせ、貧困層の人々に、食糧危機、飢餓等を発生させるおそれが懸念されている。また、現在使用されている内燃機関自動車を電気自動車にすると、地球上の二酸化炭素排出量を２分の１に削減できる可能性がある等と言われている。すなわち、火力発電所は、発電効率が良く、送電効率、モーターの効率等を全て含めて考慮しても、内燃機関自動車より効率が良いためであり、電気自動車の普及が熱望されている。しかしながら、内燃機関と蓄電池を併用したいわゆるハイブリッド型自動車の普及は拡大しているが、電気自動車はまだ高額なものであり、普及拡大が思うように進んでいないのが現実である。 This raises concerns that the price of cereals will increase, food shortages will occur, and the poor will suffer from food crises and hunger. In addition, it is said that if an internal combustion engine vehicle currently used is an electric vehicle, the amount of carbon dioxide emissions on the earth may be reduced by half. That is, a thermal power plant has good power generation efficiency and is more efficient than an internal combustion engine vehicle even when all of power transmission efficiency, motor efficiency, etc. are taken into consideration, and the popularization of electric vehicles is eagerly desired. However, although the spread of so-called hybrid type vehicles that use an internal combustion engine and a storage battery in combination is increasing, the fact is that electric vehicles are still expensive and have not progressed as expected.
　電気自動車が高額となる要因は、次にある。まず、大型大容量の蓄電池の価格が高価格であり、従って電気自動車の価格が高額となってしまうことである。また、ガソリン、軽油等の給油時間と比べ蓄電池への充電時間が長時間かかってしまうとともに、一回の充電で走行できる走行距離もまだ不満足なものであった。しかしながら、地球環境のことを考えると、このようなことを早急に解決して、電気自動車の普及拡大を図ることが要望されている。また、電気自動車の蓄電池の充電方法としては、夜間電力を利用すること等の種々の方法、システムが提案されている。 The following are the reasons why electric cars are expensive. First of all, the price of large-capacity storage batteries is high, and therefore the price of electric vehicles is high. In addition, it takes a long time to charge the storage battery compared to the time for refueling gasoline, light oil, etc., and the travel distance that can be traveled by one charge is still unsatisfactory. However, considering the global environment, it is desired to solve such a problem as soon as possible and to promote the spread of electric vehicles. In addition, as a method for charging a storage battery of an electric vehicle, various methods and systems such as using nighttime power have been proposed.
　これらの方法、システムにおいて、この蓄電池への迅速な充電方法は、技術的にも必ずしも確立していない。言い換えると、電気自動車に関する技術は、まだ確立したものでなく、改良、改善の余地が多く残されたものである。電気自動車等に使用される大型大容量の蓄電池は、走行時に強い振動に曝される等環境で用いられる。このため、電気自動車の本体には、大型大容量蓄電池をしっかり固着する必要がある。また、大型大容量の蓄電池は、交換作業を行うとき、容易に、かつ、短時間に交換できるものが好ましい。 In these methods and systems, a method for quickly charging the storage battery has not been technically established. In other words, the technology related to electric vehicles has not been established yet, and there is much room for improvement and improvement. Large-capacity storage batteries used for electric vehicles and the like are used in an environment where they are exposed to strong vibrations during traveling. For this reason, it is necessary to firmly adhere a large-scale large-capacity storage battery to the main body of the electric vehicle. Further, it is preferable that the large-capacity storage battery can be easily replaced in a short time when the replacement work is performed.
　更に、電気自動車は、一回の充電量における走行距離が短く、積載量が少ない自動車等により用途が限定される。そのうえ、蓄電池の充電に時間や手間がかかる問題もある。また、現時点では、少量生産で、蓄電池の価格が非常に高いこと等により、電気自動車の価格が、内燃機関自動車の価格より高いという問題点がある。更に、特許文献を基に、従来の技術を説明する。形状・インターフェースを統一規格化したバッテリーパックを電気自動車の床下に装着し、ガソリンスタンド等で充電済みのバッテリーパックを、放電された空のバッテリーパックと交換する、電気自動車における着脱式バッテリーに関する技術が知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 Furthermore, the use of electric vehicles is limited by vehicles that have a short mileage at a single charge and a small load. In addition, there is a problem that it takes time and labor to charge the storage battery. At the present time, there is a problem that the price of the electric vehicle is higher than the price of the internal combustion engine vehicle due to the small amount of production and the price of the storage battery is very high. Furthermore, conventional techniques will be described based on patent documents. A battery pack with a standardized shape and interface is mounted under the floor of an electric vehicle, and a battery pack that has been charged at a gas station or the like is replaced with a discharged battery pack. It is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
　また、電力計を内蔵し、入出力電力量を管理できる電力量計付きで、規格化された交換式二次電池に関する技術も知られている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。更に、蓄電池の交換作業の効率を向上させる車両用蓄電池の電極接続構造に関する技術も知られている（例えば、特許文献３参照）。また、充放電が可能なバッテリーをレンタルして、そのレンタル料金を徴収する方法で、バッテリーの借用者による充電又は放電に関するデータを計測し、この使用データに応じてレンタル料金を算出するバッテリーのレンタル料金徴収方法が知られている（例えば、特許文献４参照）。 Also, a technology related to a standardized exchangeable secondary battery that includes a watt hour meter that can control the input / output power amount is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 2). Furthermore, a technique related to an electrode connection structure of a vehicular storage battery that improves the efficiency of replacement work of the storage battery is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 3). In addition, by renting a battery that can be charged and discharged, and collecting the rental fee, the data related to charging or discharging by the battery borrower is measured, and the rental fee is calculated according to this usage data. A fee collection method is known (for example, see Patent Document 4).
　更に、バッテリー管理メータを有する契約対象のバッテリーと、バッテリー管理メータによるバッテリーの利用状況を示す計測結果に従って、バッテリーの充電又は交換を行うとともに、バッテリーの利用状況に応じた利用料金の精算を行う給電サービス手段と、給電サービス手段の管理等を行うサービス管理センタとを備えた自動車の給電サービスシステムも知られている（例えば、特許文献５参照）。電気自動車において、バッテリーのイニシャルコストを低減させる給電課金システム及び給電課金方法も知られている（例えば、特許文献６参照）。 Furthermore, according to the contracted battery having the battery management meter and the measurement result indicating the battery usage status by the battery management meter, the battery is charged or replaced, and the power supply is charged according to the battery usage status. There is also known an automobile power supply service system including service means and a service management center for managing power supply service means (see, for example, Patent Document 5). A power supply charging system and a power supply charging method for reducing the initial cost of a battery in an electric vehicle are also known (see, for example, Patent Document 6).
　また、電気自動車のバッテリーの使用料金、管理費、所有者の確認等を行うことができ、更に、送受信装置とＧＰＳとによる位置情報端末から通信回線を介し、充電スタンド情報提供システムと接続し、誘導することができる、電気自動車のバッテリー管理システムも知られている（例えば、特許文献７参照）。
特開２００１－１６７０６号公報 特開２００４－３０３７０２号公報 実用新案登録第２５５７５３１号公報 特開２００２－２９１１１０号公報 特開２００２－１４０３９８号公報 特開２００７－１０８９２２号公報 特開２００７－１１６７９９号公報 In addition, it is possible to check the usage fee of the electric vehicle battery, management fee, owner confirmation, etc., and connect to the charging station information provision system via the communication line from the location information terminal by the transmission and reception device and GPS, An electric vehicle battery management system that can be guided is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 7).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-16706 JP 2004-303702 A Utility Model Registration No. 2557531 JP 2002-291110 A JP 2002-140398 A JP 2007-108922 A JP 2007-116799 A
　しかしながら、前述した特許文献等に記載された方法では、現状のガソリン等の給油時間と同等、又はそれ以下の時間でバッテリーの交換作業を行うことができず、かつ、簡単な作業で交換可能なものでなかった。特許文献１の技術のものは、車体側接合部に設けられた凹型電極接合部と、バッテリーパックの凸型電極とが接続されているだけであり、振動等の使用環境が悪いこともあって、信頼性に問題が生じる恐れがあるという問題点がある。特許文献２の技術のものは、交換式二次電池を電気自動車にどのように取り付けるのか実用化の部分が不明の技術である。 However, in the method described in the above-mentioned patent documents, the battery cannot be replaced in a time equivalent to or less than the current refueling time of gasoline or the like, and can be replaced with a simple work. It was not a thing. In the technique of Patent Document 1, the concave electrode joint provided in the vehicle body side joint is only connected to the convex electrode of the battery pack, and the use environment such as vibration may be bad. There is a problem that there is a possibility that a problem occurs in reliability. The technique of Patent Document 2 is a technique in which the practical part is unknown as to how the replaceable secondary battery is attached to the electric vehicle.
　特許文献３の技術のものは、蓄電池の正電極、負電極に対応するレール状の電極接続部を備えており、まだまだ交換動作が簡単でないという課題がある。特許文献４～６の技術は、現状より、蓄電池の価格を安価にするためのものではあるが、まだ不十分なものである。すなわち、電気自動車の普及拡大のためには、まだまだ、蓄電池を含む電気自動車の価格を、内燃機関自動車と同等、又はそれ以下にするための改良をしなければならない課題がある技術である。更に、電気自動車は、「長時間にわたる充電」、「走行距離が短い」等の課題があり、これを解決する必要があった。 The technique of Patent Document 3 has a rail-shaped electrode connection portion corresponding to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the storage battery, and there is a problem that the replacement operation is still not easy. Although the techniques of Patent Documents 4 to 6 are for reducing the price of a storage battery from the present state, they are still insufficient. In other words, in order to increase the spread of electric vehicles, there is still a technology that requires improvement to make the price of electric vehicles including storage batteries equal to or lower than that of internal combustion engine vehicles. Furthermore, electric vehicles have problems such as “charging for a long time” and “short travel distance”, and it has been necessary to solve them.
　特許文献７の技術は、バッテリーの残量、走行距離の目安が表示されるものの、ドライバにとって、見やすくし、地図上に、一目でわかるようにしていない。そして、更に、この技術では、バッテリーの充電スタンドについて、地図上の位置や住所、充電能力、保持バッテリー等の情報、走行自動車の位置関係から近隣の各充電スタンドを探して、詳しい位置情報を提供しているが、ドライバに見やすくした表示が見当たらない。バッテリーの充電が必須であるときの警告等も行っていない。 Although the technology of Patent Document 7 displays the remaining battery level and the estimated distance traveled, it is easy for the driver to see and is not easily visible on the map. In addition, this technology provides detailed location information for battery charging stations by searching for nearby charging stations based on the location and address on the map, information on charging capacity, holding battery, etc., and the location of the traveling vehicle. However, the driver does not see a display that is easy to see. There is no warning when the battery needs to be charged.
　本発明は、前述した課題を解決するためになされたもので、次の目的を達成する。
　本発明の目的は、電気自動車を安価に提供して普及拡大を図ることができる電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法を提供することにある。
　本発明の他の目的は、電気自動車において、蓄電池使用料の精算、蓄電池交換が短時間で行える電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法を提供することにある。
　本発明の更に他の目的は、電気自動車において、蓄電池の交換距離を、カーナビゲーションシステム等の画面上に見やすくし表示する電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and achieves the following object.
The objective of this invention is providing the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle which can aim at the spread expansion by providing an electric vehicle cheaply.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for managing storage batteries in an electric vehicle, in which the storage battery usage fee can be settled and replaced in a short time.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a storage battery management method for an electric vehicle that displays the replacement distance of the storage battery on a screen of a car navigation system or the like in an electric vehicle.
　本発明は、前記目的を達成するために次の手段をとる。
　本発明１の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、規格化され、着脱自在に交換可能な蓄電池が搭載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法であって、前記蓄電池を管理する蓄電池管理会社は、規格化された前記蓄電池を所有し、前記蓄電池管理会社は、前記蓄電池を、前記電気自動車を製造する電気自動車製造会社、又は、前記電気自動車を所有する電気自動車所有者に貸与し、前記蓄電池管理会社は、充電量が残り少ない使用済の前記蓄電池と、満充電又はほぼ満充電に充電された充電済の前記蓄電池とを交換するための蓄電池交換所、及び／又は、蓄電池交換棚装置を、道路沿いの所定の位置に複数設置し、前記電気自動車所有者は、前記蓄電池の交換時に、貸与された前記蓄電池の使用電力料金と蓄電池保全料金とを精算することを特徴とする。 The present invention takes the following means in order to achieve the object.
The storage battery management method for an electric vehicle according to the first aspect of the invention is a storage battery management method for an electric vehicle equipped with a standardized and detachably replaceable storage battery, and the storage battery management company that manages the storage battery is a standard The storage battery management company, the storage battery management company lends the storage battery to an electric vehicle manufacturing company that manufactures the electric vehicle, or an electric vehicle owner that owns the electric vehicle, and the storage battery management company A storage battery exchange station and / or storage battery exchange shelf device for exchanging the used storage battery with a small remaining amount of charge and the charged storage battery fully charged or almost fully charged along the road The electric vehicle owner pays out the used power charge and storage battery maintenance charge of the loaned battery at the time of replacement of the storage battery. And wherein the door.
　本発明２の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、本発明１において、前記蓄電池及び／又は前記電気自動車には、前記蓄電池の制御を行う電池制御部が具備され、前記蓄電池制御部には、前記電気自動車所有者が使用した使用電力量を演算するための使用電力量演算部、及び／又は、前記蓄電池に充電されている充電量で走行可能な距離を演算するための走行可能距離演算部が設けられていることを特徴とする。
　本発明３の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、本発明１において、前記電気自動車には、前記電気自動車所有者を識別するための識別部材が具備されていることを特徴とする。 The method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle according to the second aspect of the present invention is the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the storage battery and / or the electric vehicle includes a battery control unit that controls the storage battery. A power consumption calculation unit for calculating the power consumption used by the owner of the electric vehicle and / or a travelable distance calculation unit for calculating a distance that can be traveled with the amount of charge charged in the storage battery. It is provided.
The method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle according to a third aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the first aspect, the electric vehicle is provided with an identification member for identifying the owner of the electric vehicle.
　本発明４の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、本発明１において、
　前記蓄電池は、略直方体をしたものであり、前記蓄電池を前記電気自動車に対して着脱するための移動方向に対して直交する面に、接続用端子が設けられたものであることを特徴とする。
　本発明５の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、本発明２において、
　前記蓄電池には、この蓄電池の温度を計測するための温度計を設け、前記蓄電池制御部は、前記蓄電池が所定の温度以上に達したとき、又は所定の温度状態が所定の時間継続したとき、異常事態として所定の信号を発生し、前記蓄電池の作動を停止するように制御することを特徴とする。 The management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle of the present invention 4 is the present invention 1,
The storage battery has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a connection terminal is provided on a surface orthogonal to a moving direction for attaching and detaching the storage battery to and from the electric vehicle. .
The management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle of the fifth aspect of the present invention is the second aspect of the present invention.
The storage battery is provided with a thermometer for measuring the temperature of the storage battery, and the storage battery control unit, when the storage battery reaches a predetermined temperature or more, or when a predetermined temperature state continues for a predetermined time, Control is performed to generate a predetermined signal as an abnormal situation and stop the operation of the storage battery.
　本発明６の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、本発明２において、前記蓄電池交換所又は前記蓄電池交換棚装置には、前記蓄電池制御部のデータを収集可能な電池交換側制御部が具備され、前記電池交換側制御部は、前記蓄電池を交換する都度、又は、所定の期間毎に積算して、前記蓄電池の前記使用電力料金と前記蓄電池保全料金とを計算することを特徴とする。
　本発明７の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、本発明２において、前記蓄電池管理会社には、前記蓄電池制御部のデータを収集可能な管理コンピュータが具備され、前記管理コンピュータは、蓄電池交換の都度、又は、所定の期間毎に積算して、前記蓄電池の前記使用電力料金と前記蓄電池保全料金とを計算することを特徴とする。 According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery management method for an electric vehicle according to the second aspect, wherein the storage battery exchange or the storage battery exchange shelf device includes a battery exchange side control unit capable of collecting data of the storage battery control unit, The battery replacement side control unit calculates the power consumption charge and the storage battery maintenance charge of the storage battery every time the storage battery is replaced or by integration every predetermined period.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle according to the second aspect, wherein the storage battery management company is provided with a management computer capable of collecting data of the storage battery control unit. Alternatively, the power consumption charge of the storage battery and the storage battery maintenance charge are calculated for each predetermined period.
　本発明８の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、本発明７において、前記蓄電池交換所又は前記蓄電池交換棚装置に具備された電池交換側制御部と前記管理コンピュータとの間には、無線を含む通信回線が具備され、前記管理コンピュータには前記通信回線を介して、前記蓄電池に関するデータが送受信されることを特徴とする。
　本発明９の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、本発明１から８において、前記電気自動車所有者は、前記電気自動車を所有したとき、前記電気自動車の所持登録を行うとともに、前記電気自動車の盗難、事故を含む異常事態が発生したとき、前記電気自動車の所持登録を取り消し、前記電気自動車所有者が不明となった前記蓄電池は、作動しないように制御されることを特徴とする。 The storage battery management method for an electric vehicle according to the present invention 8 includes, in the present invention 7, wireless communication between the battery exchange side control unit provided in the storage battery exchange or the storage battery replacement shelf device and the management computer. A communication line is provided, and data related to the storage battery is transmitted to and received from the management computer via the communication line.
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle according to the first to eighth aspects, wherein when the electric vehicle owner owns the electric vehicle, the owner of the electric vehicle is registered and the electric vehicle is stolen. When an abnormal situation including an accident occurs, the possession registration of the electric vehicle is canceled, and the storage battery whose owner is unknown is controlled so as not to operate.
　本発明１０の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、本発明１から８において、前記電気自動車所有者は、決済するための預貯金口座又はクレジットカードを、前記蓄電池管理会社側に登録し、前記預貯金口座又は前記クレジットカードから精算することを特徴とする。 According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, wherein the electric vehicle owner registers a savings account or a credit card for settlement with the storage battery management company. Alternatively, payment is made from the credit card.
　本発明１１の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、本発明２において、前記電気自動車は、ＧＰＳから位置情報を取得し、前記位置情報に基づいて目的地を検索して、地図上に表示するためのカーナビゲーションシステムを有し、前記カーナビゲーションシステムは、前記ＧＰＳから前記位置情報を取得するための位置測位部、前記位置情報に基づいて、地図データを検索して、前記目的地までのルートを検索するルート検索部、及び、前記位置情報、前記地図、及び、前記ルート検索部で検索した結果の前記ルートを表示する表示部からなり、前記ルート検索部は、前記走行可能距離演算部から、前記走行可能な距離を示す距離データを取得し、前記位置測位部から、前記電気自動車の現在位置を示す前記位置情報を取得し、前記電気自動車の前記走行可能な距離の範囲を示す距離マークを、前記距離データに基づいて、前記表示部の画面に表示される前記地図の上に表示することを特徴とする。 According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage battery management method for an electric vehicle according to the second aspect, wherein the electric vehicle acquires position information from a GPS, searches for a destination based on the position information, and displays it on a map. The car navigation system includes a position measurement unit for acquiring the position information from the GPS, searches for map data based on the position information, and determines a route to the destination. A route search unit for searching, and a display unit for displaying the route as a result of searching by the position information, the map, and the route search unit, the route search unit from the travelable distance calculation unit, Obtaining distance data indicating the travelable distance, acquiring the position information indicating the current position of the electric vehicle from the position positioning unit, and The distance marker indicating the scope of the travelable distance of the motor vehicle, on the basis of the distance data, and displaying on the map displayed on the screen of the display unit.
　本発明１２の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、本発明１１において、前記電気自動車の前記現在位置から、前記走行可能な距離の範囲以内の前記蓄電池交換所、及び／又は、前記蓄電池交換棚装置までの１以上の前記ルートを表示することを特徴とする。
　本発明１３の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、本発明１１又は１２において、前記距離マークは、前記電気自動車の前記現在位置を中心点とし、前記走行可能な距離が半径とする円形で表示されることを特徴とする。 The storage battery management method for an electric vehicle according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention is the storage battery switching station and / or the storage battery replacement shelf device within the range of the travelable distance from the current position of the electric vehicle according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention. One or more of the routes up to are displayed.
In a storage battery management method for an electric vehicle according to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the eleventh or twelfth aspect of the present invention, the distance mark is displayed in a circle having the current position of the electric vehicle as a center point and the travelable distance being a radius. It is characterized by that.
　本発明１４の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、本発明１３において、前記円形内に前記蓄電池交換所、及び／又は、前記蓄電池交換棚装置が所定数以内になると、警告を示すように、前記円形が強調されて表示される、又は、前記ルート検索部が警報を発することを特徴とする。 The method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle according to the present invention 14 is as follows: In the present invention 13, when the storage battery exchange station and / or the storage battery replacement shelf device is within a predetermined number within the circle, A circle is highlighted and displayed, or the route search unit issues an alarm.
　本発明は、蓄電池管理会社が規格化された蓄電池を大量に発注することで、蓄電池の大量生産を可能にして、大幅なコスト低減を図ることができる。また、この蓄電池を無償で電気自動車製造会社、又は電気自動車所有者等に貸与することで、電気自動車の価格を大幅に低下させることができる。言い換えると、蓄電池及び電気自動車を安価に提供させることができ、電気自動車の普及拡大に貢献することができる。 The present invention enables mass production of storage batteries by ordering a large number of standardized storage batteries by a storage battery management company, and can achieve a significant cost reduction. Moreover, by lending this storage battery to an electric vehicle manufacturer or an electric vehicle owner free of charge, the price of the electric vehicle can be greatly reduced. In other words, the storage battery and the electric vehicle can be provided at a low cost, which can contribute to the spread of electric vehicles.
　また、長年、電気自動車がかかえてきた課題である「長時間充電」、「走行距離が短い」等も、道路沿いの各地に複数設置された蓄電池交換所、蓄電池交換棚装置のうち、最寄りの蓄電池交換所、蓄電池交換棚装置等において、使用済の蓄電池と充電済の蓄電池とを素早く交換できることにより解決することができる。更に、蓄電池は、着脱（出し入れ）のための移動方向に対して直交する面に接続用端子を配置した構成のものであり、短時間に蓄電池の交換、使用電力量の精算を行うことができるようになった。 In addition, the long-term charging and short mileage issues that have been involved in electric vehicles over the years are also among the storage battery exchange stations and storage battery exchange shelf devices installed in various locations along the road. This can be solved by quickly replacing a used storage battery and a charged storage battery in a storage battery exchange, a storage battery exchange shelf device, or the like. Furthermore, the storage battery has a configuration in which connection terminals are arranged on a surface orthogonal to the moving direction for attachment / detachment (withdrawal / removal), and the storage battery can be replaced and the amount of power used can be adjusted in a short time. It became so.
　そして、電気自動車の普及拡大が図れることにより、二酸化炭素（ＣＯ２）排出量を削減でき、地球温暖化防止に貢献できる。更に、規格化された蓄電池は、蓄電池管理会社が一括管理するとともにメンテナンスを行う。蓄電池管理会社は、使用済の蓄電池を回収し、工場等で効率よく充電することができる。すなわち、過充電を防止し、適正な充電速度で充電させることができ、蓄電池の寿命を低下させることがない。言い換えると、専門家である技術者が、行き届いたメンテナンスを行い、長期間に亘って使用することが可能になる。 And by spreading the use of electric vehicles, it is possible to reduce carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions and contribute to the prevention of global warming. Furthermore, the standardized storage battery is managed by the storage battery management company and maintained. A storage battery management company can collect used storage batteries and charge them efficiently in a factory or the like. That is, overcharging can be prevented, charging can be performed at an appropriate charging speed, and the life of the storage battery is not reduced. In other words, an engineer who is an expert can perform careful maintenance and use it for a long period of time.
　また、価格が安価な夜間電力（深夜電力）、又は風力、太陽光、波力等の自然エネルギーで発生させる電力（電気）を活用すると、地球環境に優しく、地球温暖化防止、二酸化炭素削減等にさらに、貢献することができる。蓄電池の交換距離を、カーナビゲーションシステム等の画面上に、ドライバが蓄電池交換の時期や場所を見やすくし、そのためのドライバのストレス、負担を大幅に低減した。同時に、画面上に、蓄電池を交換するための蓄電池交換所、及び／又は、蓄電池交換棚装置を表示し、電気自動車から最寄り、又は、近くにある蓄電池交換所、及び／又は、蓄電池交換棚装置までのルートを表示した。これにより、ドライバが蓄電池交換の時期や場所を見やすくし、そのためのストレス、負担を大幅に低減した。 In addition, by using inexpensive nighttime power (midnight power) or power (electricity) generated by natural energy such as wind power, sunlight, wave power, etc., it is friendly to the global environment, preventing global warming, reducing carbon dioxide, etc. In addition, you can contribute. The battery replacement distance on the screen of the car navigation system etc. makes it easier for the driver to see the time and place for battery replacement, greatly reducing the driver's stress and burden. At the same time, the storage battery exchange station and / or storage battery exchange shelf device for exchanging the storage battery is displayed on the screen, and the storage battery exchange station and / or storage battery exchange shelf device nearest to or near the electric vehicle. The route to was displayed. This makes it easier for the driver to see when and where to replace the storage battery, greatly reducing the stress and burden.
図１は、本発明の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理システムを模式的に示した説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing a storage battery management system in an electric vehicle of the present invention. 図２は、電気自動車に搭載される蓄電池の概要を示した外観図である。FIG. 2 is an external view showing an outline of a storage battery mounted on an electric vehicle. 図３は、電気自動車の概要を示した外観図である。FIG. 3 is an external view showing an outline of the electric vehicle. 図４は、蓄電池を挿入するための蓄電池収納装置の概要を示した外観図である。FIG. 4 is an external view showing an outline of a storage battery storage device for inserting a storage battery. 図５は、蓄電池に設けられる蓄電池制御部の概要を示すブロック図である。FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an outline of a storage battery control unit provided in the storage battery. 図６は、蓄電池交換所に設置される蓄電池交換棚装置の概要を示す外観図である。FIG. 6 is an external view showing an outline of a storage battery exchange shelf device installed in a storage battery exchange. 図７は、カーナビゲーションシステムを搭載した電気自動車の概要を示す概念図である。FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an outline of an electric vehicle equipped with a car navigation system. 図８は、カーナビゲーションシステムの表示部の画面の例を示す図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a screen on the display unit of the car navigation system. 図９は、カーナビゲーションシステムの動作の例１を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing Example 1 of the operation of the car navigation system. 図１０は、カーナビゲーションシステムの動作の例２を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating Example 2 of the operation of the car navigation system.
　１…蓄電池
　２０…蓄電池制御部
　７０…蓄電池管理会社
　７１…蓄電池製造メーカー
　７２…電気自動車製造メーカー
　７３…蓄電池交換所
　７８…通信回線
　８０…電気自動車所有者
　１００…電気自動車
　１１０…蓄電池収納装置
　５００…蓄電池交換棚装置
　２００…カーナビゲーションシステム
　２０３…位置測位部
　２０４…ルート検索部
　２０５…表示部
　２１０…地図情報表示部
　２２３…円形マーク（通常表示）
　２２４…円形マーク（強調表示）
　２２５…ルート（一番近い蓄電池交換所まで） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Storage battery 20 ... Storage battery control part 70 ... Storage battery management company 71 ... Storage battery manufacturer 72 ... Electric vehicle manufacturer 73 ... Storage battery exchange 78 ... Communication line 80 ... Electric vehicle owner 100 ... Electric vehicle 110 ... Storage battery storage device 500 ... Storage battery exchange shelf apparatus 200 ... Car navigation system 203 ... Position positioning unit 204 ... Route search unit 205 ... Display unit 210 ... Map information display unit 223 ... Circular mark (normal display)
224 ... Circular mark (highlighted)
225 ... Route (to the nearest battery exchange)
　以下、図面に基づいて、本発明の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法の実施の形態を説明する。図１は、本発明の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理システムを模式的に示した説明図である。図２は、電気自動車に搭載される蓄電池の概要を示した外観図、図３は、電気自動車の概要を示した外観図、図４は、蓄電池を挿入するための蓄電池収納装置の概要を示した外観図である。図５は、蓄電池に設けられる蓄電池制御部の概要を示すブロック図である。図６は、蓄電池交換所に設置される蓄電池交換棚装置の概要を示す外観図である。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a storage battery management method for an electric vehicle according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing a storage battery management system in an electric vehicle of the present invention. 2 is an external view showing an outline of a storage battery mounted in an electric vehicle, FIG. 3 is an external view showing an outline of the electric vehicle, and FIG. 4 is an outline of a storage battery storage device for inserting the storage battery. FIG. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an outline of a storage battery control unit provided in the storage battery. FIG. 6 is an external view showing an outline of a storage battery exchange shelf device installed in a storage battery exchange.
　まず、本発明で使用するのに好適な蓄電池１について、図２に従って、説明を行う。電気自動車用の大型大容量の蓄電池（例えば、リチウムイオン二次電池、ニッケル水素電池）１は、可能な限り規格で統一化されたものを使用するとよい。大型大容量の規格化された蓄電池１に関しては、本出願人が、ＰＣＴ／ＪＰ２００８／５６５６２（２００８年４月２日出願）において、詳細に説明を行っている。ここでは、本実施の形態の説明の理解を容易にするために、その概略の説明を行う。蓄電池１は、前面（後述する蓄電池収納装置１１０の蓋体１１側に対応する面）３と、後面（後述する蓄電池収納装置１１０の本体１０の奥側に対応する面）２とを備えた略直方体の形状をしたものである。 First, a storage battery 1 suitable for use in the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As a large-capacity storage battery (for example, a lithium ion secondary battery or a nickel metal hydride battery) 1 for an electric vehicle, it is preferable to use a standardized battery as much as possible. The large-capacity standardized storage battery 1 is described in detail by the present applicant in PCT / JP2008 / 56562 (filed on April 2, 2008). Here, in order to facilitate understanding of the description of the present embodiment, an outline thereof will be described. The storage battery 1 has a front surface (a surface corresponding to a lid 11 side of a storage battery storage device 110 described later) 3 and a rear surface (a surface corresponding to the back side of a main body 10 of a storage battery storage device 110 described later) 2. It is a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
　例えば、蓄電池１は、幅４００ｍｍ、高さ２００ｍｍ、奥行き９８０ｍｍの直方体で、重量７８４Ｎ（８０ｋｇｆ）、電圧１００Ｖ、電流１００Ａ等とするとよい。なお、蓄電池の電圧は２００Ｖ等であってもよい。更に、蓄電池１は、理想的には規格が統一されれば、統一された規格品を用いて世界のどのメーカーの電気自動車でも使用可能とするとよい。蓄電地１には、導体（例えば、金属）で形成されたプラス（正）極側の差込端子４ａが、後面２に設けられている。導体（例えば、金属）で形成されたマイナス（負）極側の挟持端子５ｂが、前面３に設けられている。蓄電池１の外周部は、電気的絶縁性を備えた材料（例えば、合成樹脂等）で形成されているとよい。 For example, the storage battery 1 may be a rectangular parallelepiped having a width of 400 mm, a height of 200 mm, and a depth of 980 mm, a weight of 784 N (80 kgf), a voltage of 100 V, a current of 100 A, and the like. The voltage of the storage battery may be 200V or the like. Furthermore, if the standard is ideally unified, the storage battery 1 may be used in an electric vehicle of any manufacturer in the world using the standardized product. In the electrical storage ground 1, a plug terminal 4a on the positive (positive) side made of a conductor (for example, metal) is provided on the rear surface 2. A holding terminal 5 b on the negative (negative) pole side made of a conductor (for example, metal) is provided on the front surface 3. The outer peripheral part of the storage battery 1 is good to be formed with the material (for example, synthetic resin etc.) provided with electrical insulation.
　なお、蓄電池１は、差込端子４ａ、挟持端子５ｂの近傍のみを電気的絶縁性を備えた材料で形成したものであってもよい。この形態の差込端子４ａ、挟持端子５ｂは、蓄電池１の最大電流に適合させたナイフスイッチ式のものである。差込端子４ａは、蓄電池１の平たい長方体状の一側面の筐体から突出した板状部材であり、先端部にテーパ状案内部が形成されている。このテーパ状案内部は、本体側挟持端子１４ｂ（図４参照）への差込を容易にするものである。挟持端子５ｂは、前記筐体の他の側面に配置されており、この他の側面は、差込端子４ａが配置された前記一側面と対向する側面である。 In addition, the storage battery 1 may be formed of a material having electrical insulation only in the vicinity of the insertion terminal 4a and the holding terminal 5b. The plug terminal 4a and the sandwiching terminal 5b of this form are of a knife switch type adapted to the maximum current of the storage battery 1. The insertion terminal 4a is a plate-like member that protrudes from a flat rectangular parallelepiped casing of the storage battery 1, and has a tapered guide portion at the tip. The tapered guide portion facilitates insertion into the main body side clamping terminal 14b (see FIG. 4). The sandwiching terminal 5b is disposed on the other side surface of the casing, and the other side surface is a side surface facing the one side surface on which the insertion terminal 4a is disposed.
　挟持端子５ｂは、この他の側面から平行に突出した２枚の板状部材とからなるものであり、２枚の板状部材はそれぞれ上部側端子と下部側端子となる。挟持端子５ｂの上部側端子と下部側端子の間に、蓋側差込端子１５ａが差し込み可能な形状に形成されている。挟持端子５ｂ及び／又は蓋側差込端子１５ａは、相互の差し込みを容易にするために、先端側にテーパ状案内部が形成されている。蓄電池１の前面（他の側面）３には、蓄電池１を蓄電池収納装置１１０から引き出すための取手６が設けられている。 The sandwiching terminal 5b is composed of two plate-like members protruding in parallel from the other side surfaces, and the two plate-like members are an upper side terminal and a lower side terminal, respectively. Between the upper side terminal and the lower side terminal of the clamping terminal 5b, the lid side insertion terminal 15a is formed in a shape that can be inserted. The sandwiching terminal 5b and / or the lid-side plug-in terminal 15a has a tapered guide portion formed on the tip side in order to facilitate the mutual insertion. A handle 6 for pulling out the storage battery 1 from the storage battery storage device 110 is provided on the front surface (other side surface) 3 of the storage battery 1.
　また、蓄電池１には、図５に示すような蓄電池制御部２０が設けられている。ただし、この蓄電池制御部２０は、以下に説明する要素の全てを電気自動車１００側に、又はその機能の一部のみを設置しても良い。これらは通信手段で接続されているので、物理的にどちらに配置するか否かは以下に説明する機能に変わりはない。蓄電池制御部２０には、種々のデータ処理を行う情報処理手段としてのＣＰＵ２１が設けられており、ＣＰＵ２１にはバス２２を介して主記憶装置としてＲＯＭ２３及びＲＡＭ２４が接続されている（図５参照）。 Further, the storage battery 1 is provided with a storage battery control unit 20 as shown in FIG. However, the storage battery control unit 20 may install all of the elements described below on the electric vehicle 100 side or only a part of its functions. Since these are connected by communication means, the function described below does not change depending on where they are physically arranged. The storage battery control unit 20 is provided with a CPU 21 as information processing means for performing various data processing, and a ROM 23 and a RAM 24 are connected to the CPU 21 as a main storage device via a bus 22 (see FIG. 5). .
　ＣＰＵ２１は、ＲＯＭ２３に記憶されているシステムプログラム及びデータと、ＲＡＭ２４にロード（メモリ中に読み込むこと）されたプログラム及びデータに従って動作する。このようにＲＡＭ２４にロードされるプログラムとしては、基本プログラムであるＯＳ（オペレーティング・システム）、表示部２７に対して文字や図形の表示を行う表示制御プログラム２３ａ、蓄電池が充電済の蓄電池として交換されたときから現在まで使用した使用電力量を演算する蓄電池使用電力量演算プログラム２３ｂ、現在、蓄電池１に残存している残存充電量から電気自動車が走行可能な距離を演算するための走行可能距離演算プログラム２３ｃ、温度データをグラフ表示するための温度グラフ表示制御プログラム２３ｄ、データ送受信部３３を介して各種データの送受信を行うためのデータ送受信プログラム２３ｅ、使用電力量を所定の期間毎（例えば、１ヶ月毎）に積算するための蓄電池使用電力量積算プログラム２３ｆ等がある。 The CPU 21 operates in accordance with the system program and data stored in the ROM 23 and the program and data loaded into the RAM 24 (read into the memory). As a program loaded into the RAM 24 in this manner, an OS (operating system) which is a basic program, a display control program 23a for displaying characters and figures on the display unit 27, and a storage battery are replaced as a charged storage battery. Storage battery power consumption calculation program 23b for calculating the amount of power used from the moment the vehicle is used to the present, and a travelable distance calculation for calculating the distance that the electric vehicle can travel from the remaining charge amount remaining in the storage battery 1 A program 23c, a temperature graph display control program 23d for displaying temperature data in a graph, a data transmission / reception program 23e for transmitting / receiving various data via the data transmission / reception unit 33, and a power consumption amount for a predetermined period (for example, 1 Storage battery power consumption integration program 23f etc. for integration every month) A.
　すなわち、蓄電池制御部２０は、蓄電池使用電力量演算プログラム２３ｂを実行処理することで、蓄電池１の使用電力量の演算処理を行うことができる。蓄電池制御部２０は、走行可能距離演算プログラム２３ｃを実行処理することで、蓄電池１の走行可能距離の演算処理を行うことができる。更に、蓄電池使用電力量積算プログラム２３ｆを実行処理することで、蓄電池１の使用電力量の積算処理を行うことができる。その他、温度グラフ表示制御プログラム２３ｄ、データ送受信プログラム２３ｅ等を実行処理することで、各々、そのプログラムに従った処理を行うことができる。なお、これらプログラムは、ハードディスク等他の記憶手段に記憶されていてもよい。 That is, the storage battery control unit 20 can perform the processing for calculating the power consumption of the storage battery 1 by executing the storage battery power consumption calculation program 23b. The storage battery control unit 20 can perform a calculation process of the travelable distance of the storage battery 1 by executing the travelable distance calculation program 23c. Furthermore, by executing the storage battery use power amount integration program 23f, the use power amount of the storage battery 1 can be integrated. In addition, by executing the temperature graph display control program 23d, the data transmission / reception program 23e, and the like, it is possible to perform processing according to the programs. These programs may be stored in other storage means such as a hard disk.
　すなわち、この記憶手段は、各プログラムを記憶可能であるとともに、ＲＡＭにロードできるものであればよい。また、バス２２には、インターフェースを介して、蓄電池１の残存容量を計測するための電池残存容量計３１、蓄電池１の表面温度等を計測するための温度計３２が接続されている。更に、バス２２には、残存容量データを所定の条件（例えば、所定の時間）毎に記憶するための残存容量データメモリ２８、温度データを所定の条件（例えば、所定の温度範囲を超えた時）の時、記憶するための温度データメモリ２９が接続されている。 That is, this storage means may be anything that can store each program and can be loaded into the RAM. In addition, a battery remaining capacity meter 31 for measuring the remaining capacity of the storage battery 1 and a thermometer 32 for measuring the surface temperature of the storage battery 1 and the like are connected to the bus 22 via an interface. Further, the bus 22 has a remaining capacity data memory 28 for storing remaining capacity data for each predetermined condition (for example, a predetermined time), and temperature data when a predetermined condition (for example, a predetermined temperature range is exceeded). ), A temperature data memory 29 for storage is connected.
　この温度データメモリ２９のデータは、温度グラフ表示制御プログラム２３ｄを実行処理することで、表示部２７にグラフ表示することができる。また、残存容量メモリ２８には、充電済の蓄電池１として、蓄電池１が電気自動車１００に収納されたときの残存充電量が記憶される。蓄電池制御部２０は、蓄電池１の温度が、予め設定された設定温度以上に上昇したとき、又は所定の温度状態が所定の時間継続したとき、危険であることを示す危険信号を所定時間発するとともに、通電を停止させる。電気自動車１００は、所定時間後、停止する。 The data of the temperature data memory 29 can be displayed as a graph on the display unit 27 by executing the temperature graph display control program 23d. Further, the remaining capacity memory 28 stores a remaining charge amount when the storage battery 1 is stored in the electric vehicle 100 as the charged storage battery 1. When the temperature of the storage battery 1 rises above a preset temperature, or when a predetermined temperature state continues for a predetermined time, the storage battery control unit 20 issues a danger signal indicating danger for a predetermined time. , Stop energization. The electric vehicle 100 stops after a predetermined time.
　電気自動車所有者（利用者）８０は、安全のために、電気自動車１００を道路端に寄せるようなハンドル操作をすることが好ましい。蓄電池制御部２０は、蓄電池１から火災等が発生しないように安全を図っている。また、蓄電池１の寿命が大幅に低下しないように過度な電流の流れを抑制する等の制御をしている。この温度データは、時間経過と温度変化の関係として、温度データメモリ２９に記憶させておく。このようにすると、蓄電池１に異常事態が発生したときの問題解決が容易となる。 It is preferable that the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 operates the steering wheel so as to bring the electric vehicle 100 toward the end of the road for safety. The storage battery control unit 20 ensures safety so that a fire or the like does not occur from the storage battery 1. In addition, control is performed such as suppressing an excessive current flow so that the life of the storage battery 1 is not significantly reduced. This temperature data is stored in the temperature data memory 29 as the relationship between the passage of time and the temperature change. In this way, it becomes easy to solve a problem when an abnormal situation occurs in the storage battery 1.
　なお、温度データメモリ２９は、航空機に使用されているフライトレコーダのようにエンドレスで所定の時間分記憶されていてもよい。また、所定の条件を超えたとき、記憶を開始して、所定の時間のみ記憶するようにしてもよい。表示部２７には、蓄電池１に残存する充電量（電力量）（ＫＷＨ）、充電済の蓄電池として交換されたとき充電量（電力量）（ＫＷＨ）、電気自動車が走行することによって使用（消費）された使用（消費）電力量（ＫＷＨ）、蓄電池の温度（℃）等のデータが、入力部２６のキー操作によって表示できる。 The temperature data memory 29 may be stored endlessly for a predetermined time like a flight recorder used in an aircraft. Further, when a predetermined condition is exceeded, storage may be started and only a predetermined time may be stored. On the display unit 27, the amount of charge (electric power) (KWH) remaining in the storage battery 1, the amount of charge (electric power) (KWH) when the battery is replaced as a charged storage battery, used (consumed) ) Used (consumed) power consumption (KWH), storage battery temperature (° C.), and other data can be displayed by key operation of the input unit 26.
　言い換えると、表示データは、残存する充電量（ＫＷＨ）、交換時の充電量（ＫＷＨ）、使用（消費）された使用電力量（ＫＷＨ）、蓄電池の温度（℃）等から選択される１種以上のデータであってもよい。残存充電量（残存電力量）は、端子間の電圧値、電流値等から求めることができる。この計器は、例えば、電池残存容量計（電池残存容量装置）等と呼ばれているものが使用できる。電池残存容量計（電池残存容量装置）は、特許第４０９２６５９号公報、特許第３７７８０６０号公報、特許第３６９２１９２号公報等で公知なものであり、本発明では詳細な説明を省略する。 In other words, the display data is one type selected from the remaining charge amount (KWH), the charge amount at the time of replacement (KWH), the used (consumed) power consumption amount (KWH), the storage battery temperature (° C.), and the like. The above data may be used. The remaining charge amount (remaining power amount) can be obtained from the voltage value, current value, etc. between the terminals. As this meter, for example, a so-called battery remaining capacity meter (battery remaining capacity device) or the like can be used. A battery remaining capacity meter (battery remaining capacity device) is known in Japanese Patent No. 4092659, Japanese Patent No. 3778060, Japanese Patent No. 3692192, and the like, and detailed description thereof is omitted in the present invention.
　また、消費（使用）された電力量は、充電済の蓄電池として交換された時の電池残存容量計３１のデータと、現在の電池残存容量計３１からのデータとの差を計算して求めればよい。蓄電池制御部２０には、蓄電池交換所７３、又は蓄電池交換棚装置５００（図１及び６参照）の電池交換側制御部７３ａ、及び、電気自動車１００の制御部との間で、データの送受信を行うためのデータ送受信部（例えば、アンテナ、磁気コイル等）３３を設けている。データ送受信部３３は、電池交換側制御部７３ａ、及び、電気自動車１００の制御部に設けられたデータ送受信部（図示せず）を介して、データを非接触で、電池交換側制御部７３ａ、電気自動車１００の制御部と、蓄電池制御部２０との間で、送受信することができる。 Further, the consumed (used) electric energy can be obtained by calculating the difference between the data of the battery remaining capacity meter 31 when it is replaced as a charged storage battery and the data from the current battery remaining capacity meter 31. Good. The storage battery control unit 20 transmits / receives data to / from the storage battery exchange 73 or the battery exchange side control unit 73a of the storage battery exchange shelf device 500 (see FIGS. 1 and 6) and the control unit of the electric vehicle 100. A data transmission / reception unit (for example, an antenna, a magnetic coil, etc.) 33 is provided. The data transmission / reception unit 33 is a non-contact type battery exchange side control unit 73a, via a battery exchange side control unit 73a and a data transmission / reception unit (not shown) provided in the control unit of the electric vehicle 100. Transmission / reception can be performed between the control unit of the electric vehicle 100 and the storage battery control unit 20.
　このデータ送受信には、電波、電磁波、光（例えば、赤外光）等を利用するとよい。なお、データ送受信は、蓄電池制御部２０と、電池交換側制御部７３ａ、電気自動車１００の制御部との間に、接点、コネクタ等を設け、この接点、コネクタ等を介してデータを送受信してもよい。以下、図１に従って、電気自動車における蓄電池の管理システムについて、説明を行う。この蓄電池１は、蓄電池管理会社７０が管理する。蓄電池管理会社７０は、蓄電池製造メーカー７１に電気自動車１００用に規格化された蓄電池１を大量に発注する。 For this data transmission / reception, radio waves, electromagnetic waves, light (for example, infrared light) or the like may be used. For data transmission / reception, contacts, connectors, and the like are provided between the storage battery control unit 20, the battery replacement side control unit 73a, and the control unit of the electric vehicle 100, and data is transmitted / received via the contacts, connectors, etc. Also good. Hereinafter, a storage battery management system in an electric vehicle will be described with reference to FIG. The storage battery 1 is managed by the storage battery management company 70. The storage battery management company 70 orders a large number of storage batteries 1 standardized for the electric vehicle 100 from the storage battery manufacturer 71.
　このように、規格化された蓄電池１を大量生産することで、蓄電池１の製造コストを大幅に低下させることができる。また、蓄電池管理会社７０は、蓄電池製造メーカー７１で生産された蓄電池１を全品買い取り、管理所有する。また、蓄電池管理会社７０は、この蓄電池１を電気自動車製造メーカー７２に無償で貸与する。電気自動車製造メーカー７２で製造された電気自動車１００は、この蓄電池１を内蔵した状態で、電気自動車所有者８０に買い取られる。 Thus, by mass-producing the standardized storage battery 1, the manufacturing cost of the storage battery 1 can be greatly reduced. In addition, the storage battery management company 70 purchases and manages all the storage batteries 1 produced by the storage battery manufacturer 71. In addition, the storage battery management company 70 lends the storage battery 1 to the electric vehicle manufacturer 72 free of charge. The electric vehicle 100 manufactured by the electric vehicle manufacturer 72 is bought by the electric vehicle owner 80 with the storage battery 1 built-in.
　蓄電池管理会社７０、蓄電池製造メーカー７１、電気自動車製造メーカー７２等を、本発明では便宜的にそれぞれ「会社」と称しているが、株式会社、有限会社、公共団体、ＮＰＯ等の法的に定義された単一の組織を意味するものではなく、そのような機能を果たす組織、個人を意味する。言い換えると、電気自動車所有者８０は、無償で貸与された蓄電池１が内蔵された電気自動車１００を購入することができる。従って、電気自動車所有者８０は、従来より大幅に安い価格で、電気自動車１００を購入することができる。すなわち、電気自動車所有者８０は、電気自動車１００を、エンジンブロック、シリンダ等エンジン関係の精密部品を含む部品を多数内蔵しているガソリン自動車、ディーゼル自動車等より低価格で購入することができる。 The storage battery management company 70, the storage battery manufacturer 71, the electric vehicle manufacturer 72, etc. are referred to as “company” for convenience in the present invention, but legally defined as a corporation, limited company, public organization, NPO, etc. It does not mean a single organization, but an organization or individual that performs such a function. In other words, the electric vehicle owner 80 can purchase the electric vehicle 100 in which the storage battery 1 lent free of charge is built. Therefore, the electric vehicle owner 80 can purchase the electric vehicle 100 at a significantly lower price than before. That is, the electric vehicle owner 80 can purchase the electric vehicle 100 at a lower price than a gasoline vehicle, a diesel vehicle, or the like that incorporates many parts including engine-related precision parts such as engine blocks and cylinders.
　更に、蓄電池管理会社７０は、電気自動車所有者（利用者）８０の利便性を考慮し、蓄電池交換所７３、蓄電池交換棚装置５００を、主要な道路（例えば、幹線道路、高速道路、国道、県道等）沿いの所定の位置に複数設置する。言い換えると、蓄電池交換所７３、蓄電池交換棚装置５００は、主要な道路に、所定の距離（間隔）毎に、複数設置される。例えば、給油スタンド、コンビニエンスストア、出入りの多い会社・商店・官庁・街角等に設けられた駐車場、高速道路のサービスエリア、道の駅等に蓄電池交換所７３、蓄電池交換棚装置５００を設置する。蓄電池交換所７３のうち、大型の蓄電池交換所７３には、充電装置を備えた蓄電池交換棚装置５００を設置しておくとよい。 Further, the storage battery management company 70 considers the convenience of the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 and replaces the storage battery exchange 73 and the storage battery replacement shelf device 500 with main roads (for example, main roads, highways, national roads, Set up multiple places at predetermined locations along prefectural roads. In other words, a plurality of storage battery exchanges 73 and storage battery exchange shelf devices 500 are installed on a main road at predetermined distances (intervals). For example, a storage station 73 and a storage battery exchange shelf device 500 are installed in a gas station, a convenience store, a parking lot provided in a company / shop / government / street corner, etc., a highway service area, a road station, etc. . Among the storage battery exchanges 73, the large storage battery exchange 73 may be provided with a storage battery exchange shelf device 500 provided with a charging device.
　又、小型の蓄電池交換所７３には、充電装置を備えていない蓄電池交換棚装置５００を設置するとよい。又、蓄電池交換所に相当するものとして蓄電池交換棚装置５００のみを設置したものであってもよい。小型の蓄電池交換所７３の場合、蓄電池交換棚装置５００のみ設置の場合には、蓄電池管理会社７０の担当者が、使用済の蓄電池１の回収、充電済の蓄電池１の供給配送、配置を行う。使用済の蓄電池１は、充電設備を備えた充電工場７４等において充電作業を行う。 Moreover, it is good to install the storage battery exchange shelf apparatus 500 which is not equipped with the charging device in the small storage battery exchange 73. Moreover, what installed only the storage battery exchange shelf apparatus 500 may be sufficient as what corresponds to a storage battery exchange place. In the case of the small storage battery exchange 73, when only the storage battery replacement shelf device 500 is installed, the person in charge of the storage battery management company 70 collects the used storage battery 1, supplies and distributes the charged storage battery 1, and arranges it. . The used storage battery 1 performs a charging operation in a charging factory 74 equipped with a charging facility.
　充電工場７４、大型の蓄電池交換所（充電装置を備えた蓄電池交換棚装置５００）７３等では、夜間電力等安価な電力によって、蓄電池に最適な条件で充電される。この電力は、風力、太陽光、波力等の自然エネルギーで発生させる電力（電気）を活用してもよい。使用済の蓄電池１は、充電工場７４、大型の蓄電池交換所７３等で効率よく充電することができる。すなわち、過充電を防止し、適正な充電速度で充電させることができ、蓄電池の寿命を低下させることがない。 In a charging factory 74, a large storage battery exchange station (storage battery exchange shelf apparatus 500 equipped with a charging device) 73, etc., the storage battery is charged under the optimum conditions with inexpensive power such as nighttime power. As this electric power, electric power (electricity) generated by natural energy such as wind power, sunlight, and wave power may be used. The used storage battery 1 can be efficiently charged at the charging factory 74, the large storage battery exchange 73, or the like. That is, overcharging can be prevented, charging can be performed at an appropriate charging speed, and the life of the storage battery is not reduced.
　言い換えると、専門家である技術者が、行き届いたメンテナンスを行い、長期間に亘って使用することが可能になる。充電済の蓄電池１は、蓄電池交換棚装置５００に配置される。このようにすることで、この電気自動車１００は、ランニングコストを低減することができる。蓄電池管理会社７０は、蓄電池１の管理、貸与、使用（消費）電力代の精算等を行う会社である。蓄電池管理会社７０は、蓄電池製造メーカー７１に、蓄電池１を注文し購入する。蓄電池管理会社７０は、蓄電池製造メーカー７１に、蓄電池製造に対する対価を支払う。 In other words, an engineer who is an expert can perform careful maintenance and use it for a long period of time. The charged storage battery 1 is arranged in the storage battery exchange shelf device 500. By doing in this way, this electric vehicle 100 can reduce running cost. The storage battery management company 70 is a company that manages the management of the storage battery 1, lends it, and settles the amount of power used (consumed). The storage battery management company 70 orders and purchases the storage battery 1 from the storage battery manufacturer 71. The storage battery management company 70 pays a storage battery manufacturer 71 for the storage battery manufacturing.
　蓄電池管理会社７０は、電気自動車製造メーカー７２に、蓄電池１を無償で貸与する。電気自動車製造メーカー７２は、電気自動車１００を製造する。この時、電気自動車１００には、蓄電池１が内蔵され、組み立てられる。電気自動車１００には、この電気自動車１００を所有する電気自動車所有者８０を識別するための識別部材である図示しないＩＣタグ（電子タグ）が所定の位置に取り付けられている。このＩＣタグのデータは、図示しないＩＣタグリーダー等によって読み取ることができ、このデータによって電気自動車所有者８０を特定できる。 Storage battery management company 70 lends storage battery 1 to electric vehicle manufacturer 72 free of charge. The electric vehicle manufacturer 72 manufactures the electric vehicle 100. At this time, the storage battery 1 is built in the electric vehicle 100 and assembled. An IC tag (electronic tag) (not shown), which is an identification member for identifying the electric vehicle owner 80 who owns the electric vehicle 100, is attached to the electric vehicle 100 at a predetermined position. The IC tag data can be read by an IC tag reader (not shown) or the like, and the electric vehicle owner 80 can be specified by this data.
　電気自動車所有者８０は、無償で貸与された蓄電池１が内蔵された電気自動車１００を購入して所有する。このとき、電気自動車所有者８０は、蓄電池管理会社７０と契約し、支払いのための預貯金の口座番号、氏名等を通知する。また、電気自動車所有者８０は、電気自動車１００の所持登録の届け出を行う。蓄電池管理会社７０は、電気自動車所有者８０の口座番号、氏名等を管理コンピュータ７０ａに記憶・登録させておく。また、登録コンピュータ７０ａには、電気自動車の所持登録の届け出があったこと、電気自動車に取り付けたＩＣタグのデータ（識別データ）等も登録される。 The electric vehicle owner 80 purchases and owns the electric vehicle 100 with the built-in storage battery 1 lent free of charge. At this time, the electric vehicle owner 80 makes a contract with the storage battery management company 70 and notifies the account number, name, etc. of the deposit and saving for payment. In addition, the electric vehicle owner 80 reports the possession registration of the electric vehicle 100. The storage battery management company 70 stores and registers the account number and name of the electric vehicle owner 80 in the management computer 70a. In addition, the registration computer 70a also registers the notification of possession registration of the electric vehicle, the data (identification data) of the IC tag attached to the electric vehicle, and the like.
　蓄電池管理会社７０は、蓄電池交換所７３、蓄電池交換棚装置５００を設置する。蓄電池交換所７３の蓄電池交換棚装置５００には、電池交換側制御部７３ａが設けられている。この電池交換側制御部７３ａは、一台の蓄電池交換棚装置５００毎に設けられていてもよく、複数台の蓄電池交換棚装置に一台設けられていても良い。更に、蓄電池交換所７３に設置された複数の蓄電池交換棚装置５００全体に、共通のもの（言い換えると、蓄電池交換所の電池交換側制御部）として設けられていてもよい。 The storage battery management company 70 installs a storage battery exchange 73 and a storage battery exchange shelf device 500. The storage battery exchange shelf device 500 of the storage battery exchange 73 is provided with a battery exchange side control unit 73a. The battery replacement side control unit 73a may be provided for each storage battery replacement shelf device 500, or may be provided for a plurality of storage battery replacement shelf devices. Further, the plurality of storage battery exchange shelf devices 500 installed in the storage battery exchange 73 may be provided as a common one (in other words, the battery exchange side control unit of the storage battery exchange).
　この電池交換側制御部７３ａと管理コンピュータ７０ａとは、インターネット、電話回線、無線等通信回線７８で接続されている。即ち、電池交換側制御部７３ａと管理コンピュータ７０ａとは、通信回線７８により、データを相互に送受信することができる。更に、蓄電池管理会社７０は、蓄電池１の集配業務、蓄電池１のメンテナンス業務、使用（消費）電力量の精算業務、蓄電池交換所７３の手数料の支払い業務等を行う。蓄電池１の情報は、通信回線７８を介して、蓄電池管理会社７０の管理コンピュータ７０ａに送受信される。 The battery exchange side control unit 73a and the management computer 70a are connected by a communication line 78 such as the Internet, a telephone line, and a wireless line. That is, the battery exchange side control unit 73a and the management computer 70a can exchange data with each other via the communication line 78. Further, the storage battery management company 70 performs a collection and delivery operation of the storage battery 1, a maintenance operation of the storage battery 1, a settlement operation of the amount of electric power used (consumed), a payment operation of a charge of the storage battery exchange 73, and the like. Information on the storage battery 1 is transmitted to and received from the management computer 70 a of the storage battery management company 70 via the communication line 78.
　この精算業務は、電気自動車所有者（使用者）８０と蓄電池管理会社７０との契約によって、電気自動車所有者８０の預貯金の口座から口座振替で支払うようにするとよい。この場合、蓄電池１を交換する毎に口座振替を行っても、所定の期間（例えば、１ヶ月）毎に口座振替を行ってもよい。蓄電池管理会社７０からは、口座振替を行った後に、口座振替を行った精算金額の通知を行う。又、蓄電池管理会社７０は、口座振替を行う前に、精算金額の確認の通知を行ってもよい。このようにすると、蓄電池１の交換時間の短縮が更に図れてよい。 This payment operation may be made by paying by bank transfer from the account of the deposit and saving of the electric vehicle owner 80 according to a contract between the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 and the storage battery management company 70. In this case, the account transfer may be performed every time the storage battery 1 is replaced, or the account transfer may be performed every predetermined period (for example, one month). From the storage battery management company 70, after the account transfer is performed, the settlement amount for which the account transfer has been performed is notified. In addition, the storage battery management company 70 may notify the settlement amount confirmation before performing the account transfer. In this case, the replacement time of the storage battery 1 may be further shortened.
　また、この精算業務は、クレジットカード、デビットカード、プリペイドカード、メンバーズカード（蓄電池交換用専用カード）等を使用してもよい。クレジットカード、デビットカード、プリペイドカード等を利用しても、蓄電池１の交換時間の短縮を図ることができ、蓄電池交換所７３の安全対策にもなる。又、クレジットカード、デビットカード等は、蓄電池交換棚装置５００、ハンディターミナル等に設けられたカードリーダーに、クレジットカード、デビットカード等の情報データを読み取らすとともに、暗証番号等を入力することで本人確認をするとよい。 In addition, this checkout work may use a credit card, debit card, prepaid card, member's card (dedicated card for battery replacement), and the like. Even if a credit card, a debit card, a prepaid card, or the like is used, the replacement time of the storage battery 1 can be shortened, and it becomes a safety measure for the storage battery exchange 73. In addition, credit cards, debit cards, etc. can be read by reading information data such as credit cards, debit cards, etc. into a card reader provided in the storage battery exchange shelf device 500, handy terminal, etc. Check it out.
　この認証がとれた後に、精算作業が成立する。プリペイドカードの場合には、チャージしている金額等の情報を読み取らせればよい。チャージされている金額で精算できれば、精算作業が終了する。次に、図３、４に従って、蓄電池１を内蔵する電気自動車１００について説明を行う。電気自動車１００は、前部側座席１０２の下部及び後部側座席１０３の下部に、蓄電池収納装置１１０が配置されている。蓄電池収納装置１１０は、前部側ドア１０４、後部側ドア１０５を開けると、電気自動車１００の側面から蓄電池１の取り出し、挿入ができるように設けられている。 After this certification is obtained, the checkout work is completed. In the case of a prepaid card, information such as the amount charged may be read. If the payment can be made with the charged amount, the checkout operation is completed. Next, the electric vehicle 100 incorporating the storage battery 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. In the electric vehicle 100, a storage battery storage device 110 is disposed below the front side seat 102 and below the rear side seat 103. The storage battery storage device 110 is provided so that the storage battery 1 can be taken out and inserted from the side of the electric vehicle 100 when the front door 104 and the rear door 105 are opened.
　この蓄電池収納装置１１０は、本体１０と蓋体１１とからなっている。本体１０には、蝶番の支軸１２を中心に揺動する蓋体１１が開閉可能に設けられている。開口部１３は、本体１０の一面であり、開口部１３より蓄電池１の出し入れが可能である。蓋体１１を閉めることで、開口部１３は密閉され本体１０の中に蓄電池１が収納される。蓋体１１には、開閉動作する蓋体１１を閉め、本体１０にこれを固定するときボルト（図示せず）の軸部を貫通させるためボルト穴１１ｈを形成されている。また、本体１０には、蓋体１１を本体１０に固定するためのねじ穴１０ｈを設けている。 The storage battery storage device 110 includes a main body 10 and a lid body 11. The body 10 is provided with a lid 11 that swings around a hinge spindle 12 so as to be openable and closable. The opening 13 is one surface of the main body 10, and the storage battery 1 can be taken in and out from the opening 13. By closing the lid 11, the opening 13 is sealed and the storage battery 1 is stored in the main body 10. The lid body 11 is formed with a bolt hole 11h for closing the lid body 11 that opens and closes and allowing the shaft portion of a bolt (not shown) to pass through when the lid body 11 is fixed to the main body 10. Further, the main body 10 is provided with a screw hole 10 h for fixing the lid 11 to the main body 10.
　ボルトのねじ部をねじ穴１０ｈにねじ込むことで、蓋体１１は本体１０に固定される。蓄電池収納装置１１０の本体１０の奥側の端面には、蓄電池１の差込端子４ａ、４ａが差し込まれる本体側挟持端子１４ｂ、１４ｂが設けられている。本体側挟持端子１４ｂ、１４ｂは、電気自動車１００の電装部のプラス極側に接続されている。又、本体側挟持端子１４ｂ、１４ｂは、弾性変形可能な材料で形成され、本体側挟持端子１４ｂ、１４ｂに、差込端子４ａ、４ａが差し込まれると、両方の端子が接続状態となる。 The lid 11 is fixed to the main body 10 by screwing the screw portion of the bolt into the screw hole 10h. Main body side clamping terminals 14 b and 14 b into which the insertion terminals 4 a and 4 a of the storage battery 1 are inserted are provided on the end face on the back side of the main body 10 of the storage battery storage device 110. The main body side clamping terminals 14 b and 14 b are connected to the positive electrode side of the electrical component of the electric vehicle 100. The body side clamping terminals 14b and 14b are made of an elastically deformable material. When the insertion terminals 4a and 4a are inserted into the body side clamping terminals 14b and 14b, both terminals are connected.
　蓋体１１は、蓋側差込端子１５ａ、１５ａを突設し、蓋側差込端子１５ａ、１５ａは、電気自動車１００の電装部のマイナス極側に接続されている。そして、蓋体１１を閉めると、蓄電池１の挟持端子５ｂ、５ｂに、蓋体１１の蓋側差込端子１５ａ、１５ａが接続される。即ち、挟持端子５ｂ、５ｂは、弾性変形可能な材料で形成され、挟持端子５ｂ、５ｂに、差込端子１５ａ、１５ａが差し込まれると、両方の端子が接続状態となる。なお、この説明では、蓄電池の前面と後面の両方に接続用端子（挟持端子、差込端子）を設けた形態のもので説明を行ったが、蓄電池の前面、後面のどちらか一方に接続用端子（挟持端子、差込端子）を設けたものであってもよい。 The lid 11 has lid-side insertion terminals 15 a and 15 a protruding therefrom, and the lid-side insertion terminals 15 a and 15 a are connected to the negative pole side of the electrical component of the electric vehicle 100. When the lid 11 is closed, the lid-side insertion terminals 15 a and 15 a of the lid 11 are connected to the holding terminals 5 b and 5 b of the storage battery 1. That is, the sandwiching terminals 5b and 5b are formed of an elastically deformable material. When the insertion terminals 15a and 15a are inserted into the sandwiching terminals 5b and 5b, both terminals are connected. In addition, in this description, although the explanation was made with a configuration in which connection terminals (clamping terminals, plug-in terminals) were provided on both the front surface and the rear surface of the storage battery, it was connected to either the front surface or the rear surface of the storage battery. A terminal (clamping terminal, plug-in terminal) may be provided.
　この場合、一方の接続用端子がプラス極側に、他方の接続用端子がマイナス極側になる。言い換えると、蓄電池を蓄電池収納装置に着脱（出し入れ）するための移動方向に対して直交する面の少なくともどちらか一方に接続用端子が設けられていればよい。また、この場合、蓄電池収納装置も、蓄電池の接続用端子の位置に対応して、接続用端子を設ける位置を変更すればよい。蓄電池１の蓄電池制御部２０のデータ送受信部３３より送信されるデータは、自動車側データ送受信部（図示せず）、制御装置（図示せず）を介して、電気自動車１００の運転操作側表示部１０１に表示される。 In this case, one connection terminal is on the positive pole side and the other connection terminal is on the negative pole side. In other words, the connection terminals need only be provided on at least one of the surfaces orthogonal to the moving direction for attaching and detaching (removing) the storage battery to and from the storage battery storage device. In this case, the storage battery storage device may also change the position where the connection terminal is provided, corresponding to the position of the connection terminal of the storage battery. Data transmitted from the data transmission / reception unit 33 of the storage battery control unit 20 of the storage battery 1 is a driving operation side display unit of the electric vehicle 100 via an automobile side data transmission / reception unit (not shown) and a control device (not shown). 101.
　運転操作側表示部１０１には、データ送受信部３３より送信されたデータが、電気自動車１００を運転操作している人に、例えば、残存充電量、残存充電量で走行可能な距離等を確認できるようにハンドル近傍に表示される。このことにより、電気自動車１００を運転している電気自動車所有者（利用者）８０は、蓄電池１の残存充電量、走行可能距離等の確認が画面からできる。蓄電池管理会社７０は、充電済の蓄電池１と、使用済の蓄電池１とを交換するための蓄電池交換所７３、蓄電池交換棚装置５００を、主要な道路（例えば、幹線道路、高速道路、国道、県道等）沿いの所定の位置に、所定の距離毎に間隔を持って配置している。 In the driving operation side display unit 101, the data transmitted from the data transmitting / receiving unit 33 can confirm, for example, the remaining charge amount, the distance that can be traveled with the remaining charge amount, and the like to the person operating the electric vehicle 100. Is displayed near the handle. As a result, the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 who is driving the electric vehicle 100 can check the remaining charge amount of the storage battery 1 and the travelable distance from the screen. The storage battery management company 70 replaces a charged storage battery 1 with a storage battery exchange 73 for replacing the used storage battery 1 and a storage battery replacement shelf device 500 with main roads (for example, main roads, highways, national roads, At predetermined positions along the prefectural roads, etc., at intervals of a predetermined distance.
　このように配置することで、電気自動車１００のハンドル近傍に表示された残存充電量（走行可能距離）が少なくなったとき、最寄りの蓄電池交換所７３、蓄電池交換棚装置５００において、充電済の蓄電池１と使用済の蓄電池１とを交換することができる。蓄電池制御部２０は、蓄電池使用電力量演算プログラム２３ｂを実行処理することで、残存容量データメモリ２８に記憶された充電済の蓄電池として交換された時の充電量と、現在の電池残存容量計３１の残存充電量のデータ等に基にして、使用（消費）した使用（消費）電力量を計算する。 By arranging in this way, when the remaining charge amount (travelable distance) displayed in the vicinity of the handle of the electric vehicle 100 decreases, the charged storage batteries are stored in the nearest storage battery exchange 73 and storage battery exchange shelf device 500. 1 and the used storage battery 1 can be exchanged. The storage battery control unit 20 executes the storage battery power consumption calculation program 23b, thereby performing a process for replacing the charged storage battery stored in the remaining capacity data memory 28 and the current battery remaining capacity meter 31. The amount of used (consumed) power used (consumed) is calculated based on the remaining charge amount data and the like.
　この計算された使用電力量に相当する金額等を精算すればよい。この精算は、蓄電池１の交換毎に行ってもよく、所定の期間（例えば、１ヶ月）毎に行うために使用（消費）電力量を積算してもよい。図６に従って、以下に、蓄電池交換棚装置５００について説明を行う。この実施の形態の蓄電池交換棚装置５００は、大型の蓄電池交換所７３に配備される充電装置（充電機能）を備えたものである。蓄電池交換棚装置５００は、直方体をなし、棚状に形成され各々の収納部に蓄電池１を収納する棚状収納部５０２が形成された棚本体５００ａと、蓄電池１に電力を供給して充電するための充電制御装置（図示せず）、各種情報を表示するための表示部５１０、各種操作指令等入力するための入力部（図示せず）、充電制御装置、入力部、表示部等を制御するための電池交換側制御部７３ａ（図１参照）等から構成されている。 The amount corresponding to the calculated power consumption may be settled. This settlement may be performed each time the storage battery 1 is replaced, or the amount of power used (consumed) may be integrated to be performed every predetermined period (for example, one month). The storage battery replacement shelf device 500 will be described below with reference to FIG. The storage battery exchange shelf device 500 of this embodiment includes a charging device (charging function) provided in a large storage battery exchange 73. The storage battery exchange shelf device 500 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, is formed in a shelf shape, and a shelf body 500a in which each storage unit stores the storage battery 1 is formed, and the storage battery 1 is supplied with electric power to be charged. A charging control device (not shown) for displaying various information, an input unit (not shown) for inputting various operation commands, a charging control device, an input unit, a display unit, etc. Battery replacement control unit 73a (see FIG. 1) and the like.
　電池交換側制御部７３ａには、蓄電池１のデータ送受信部３３と、データの送受信を行うための電池交換側データ送受信部７３ｂが設けられている。電池交換側データ送受信部７３ｂは、棚本体５００ａの収納部５０２毎に設けられている。即ち、棚本体５００ａの収納部５０２に蓄電池１が収納されたとき、蓄電池１のデータ送受信部３３と電池交換側制御部７３ａのデータ送受信部７３ｂとの間で、データの送受信を行えるようになっている。また、電池交換側制御部７３ａは、図示していないデータ送受信手段を介して、電気自動車１００側との間で、データの送受信を非接触で行うことができるようになっている。 The battery exchange side control unit 73a is provided with a data transmission / reception unit 33 of the storage battery 1 and a battery exchange side data transmission / reception unit 73b for transmitting and receiving data. The battery exchange side data transmitting / receiving unit 73b is provided for each storage unit 502 of the shelf body 500a. That is, when the storage battery 1 is stored in the storage unit 502 of the shelf body 500a, data can be transmitted / received between the data transmission / reception unit 33 of the storage battery 1 and the data transmission / reception unit 73b of the battery replacement side control unit 73a. ing. Further, the battery exchange side control unit 73a can perform data transmission / reception in a non-contact manner with the electric vehicle 100 side via a data transmission / reception means (not shown).
　蓄電池交換棚装置５００には、蓄電池１を１つずつ収納可能な複数の収納部５０２が設けられており、例えば、棚本体５００ａにはそれぞれ横に４列、縦に５段の収納部５０２が設けられている。即ち、この実施の形態の蓄電池交換棚装置５００は、最大２０個の蓄電池１を同時に収容可能である。各収納部５０２には、蓄電池１の差込端子、挟持端子と接続される充電装置側端子（図示せず）が配置されている。充電装置側端子は、充電制御装置（図示せず）に制御される蓄電池充電装置（図示せず）に接続されている。 The storage battery exchange shelf device 500 is provided with a plurality of storage units 502 that can store the storage batteries 1 one by one. For example, the shelf main body 500a has storage units 502 of 4 rows horizontally and 5 columns vertically. Is provided. That is, the storage battery exchange shelf device 500 of this embodiment can accommodate a maximum of 20 storage batteries 1 at the same time. Each storage unit 502 is provided with a charging device side terminal (not shown) connected to the insertion terminal and the holding terminal of the storage battery 1. The charging device side terminal is connected to a storage battery charging device (not shown) controlled by a charging control device (not shown).
　また、収納部５０２には、開閉自在な扉が設けられている。扉を設けることで、収納部５０２内への塵埃、ゴミ等の侵入を遮断して、電気的なショート等を防ぎ安全性の向上を図っている。棚本体５００ａの各収納部５０２には、蓄電池１が収納されているか否かを検出するための電池有無センサ（図示せず）を備えている。充電制御装置は、この電池有無センサの出力によって、使用済の蓄電池１が収納されたことを検出したならば、蓄電池充電装置に蓄電池１の充電を行なわせる。充電制御装置は、蓄電池１が、充電が完了して、満充電又はほぼ満充電に充電された場合、蓄電池充電装置の稼働を停止させるとともに、充電済の信号を出力する。 In addition, the storage portion 502 is provided with a door that can be opened and closed. By providing the door, intrusion of dust, debris, and the like into the storage portion 502 is blocked, and an electrical short circuit is prevented to improve safety. Each storage unit 502 of the shelf body 500a includes a battery presence sensor (not shown) for detecting whether or not the storage battery 1 is stored. If the charging control device detects that the used storage battery 1 is stored by the output of the battery presence / absence sensor, the charging control device causes the storage battery charging device to charge the storage battery 1. When the storage battery 1 is fully charged or almost fully charged, the charging control device stops the operation of the storage battery charging device and outputs a charged signal.
　この出力信号により、どの収納部５０２にある蓄電池１が充電済の蓄電池であるかを表示できる。又、この表示は、各収納部５０２に対応して表示灯５０３を設け、充電済の蓄電池１があることを表示する。この表示灯５０３は、蓄電池１の充電中には、点滅状態とし、充電完了時に点灯状態とする。他の表示方法としては、表示灯は色の変化によって充電完了又は充電中である旨の状態を表ししてもよい。更には、蓄電池１が充電中の時は、これに対応する表示灯５０３を赤色に点灯させ、充電完了した時は、緑色に点灯させるようにしてもよい。 By this output signal, it is possible to display which storage battery 1 in which storage unit 502 is a charged storage battery. In addition, this display is provided with an indicator lamp 503 corresponding to each storage unit 502 to indicate that there is a charged storage battery 1. The indicator lamp 503 is in a blinking state while the storage battery 1 is being charged, and is in a lighting state when the charging is completed. As another display method, the indicator lamp may indicate a state indicating that charging is completed or being charged by a color change. Further, when the storage battery 1 is being charged, the corresponding indicator lamp 503 may be lit in red, and when charging is completed, it may be lit in green.
　又、棚本体５００ａの上部側背面には冷却用のファンを設けるとよい。棚本体５００ａには、各操作状況や蓄電池充電装置の状態を表示する表示部５１０が設けられている。表示部５１０は、蓄電池充電装置の状態の表示や、操作手順等が表示できる。収納部５０２に充電済の蓄電池１が無い場合には、表示部５１０に「準備中」が表示される。また、収納部５０２に空きがある場合には「何番収納部が空」と表示する。次に、充電済の蓄電池１がある場合は、表示部５１０に「何番収納部に充電済の蓄電池あり」等を表示する。 Also, a cooling fan may be provided on the upper rear surface of the shelf body 500a. The shelf body 500a is provided with a display unit 510 that displays each operation status and the state of the storage battery charging device. The display unit 510 can display the state of the storage battery charging device, the operation procedure, and the like. When there is no charged storage battery 1 in the storage unit 502, “Preparing” is displayed on the display unit 510. If the storage unit 502 is empty, “No. storage unit is empty” is displayed. Next, when there is a charged storage battery 1, “how many storage units have a charged storage battery” is displayed on the display unit 510.
　充電済の蓄電池１が複数あるときは、先に充電が完了した蓄電池１から順に利用されるように誘導するとよい。この蓄電池１は、次のように交換することができる。電気自動車所有者（利用者）８０は、電気自動車１００走行中に、運転操作側表示部１０１に表示される蓄電池１の残存充電量（又は、走行可能距離）が不足していると不安を感じたら、最寄りの蓄電池交換所７３、蓄電池交換棚装置５００まで走行し駐車する。なお、自宅でプラグインで充電できる電気自動車の場合であれば、自宅で充電してもよい。 When there are a plurality of charged storage batteries 1, it may be guided to be used in order from the storage battery 1 that has been charged first. The storage battery 1 can be replaced as follows. The electric vehicle owner (user) 80 feels anxiety when the remaining charge amount (or travelable distance) of the storage battery 1 displayed on the driving operation side display unit 101 is insufficient while the electric vehicle 100 is traveling. Then, it travels to the nearest storage battery exchange 73 and the storage battery exchange shelf device 500 and parks. In the case of an electric vehicle that can be charged by plug-in at home, it may be charged at home.
　蓄電池１を交換するには、最初に電気自動車１００の本体１０に固定されたボルトを緩めて外し、蓋体１１を開ける。蓋体１１を開けることで蓄電池１の挟持端子５ｂ、５ｂと、蓋体１１の差込端子１５ａ、１５ａとの接続状態を解除する。取手６をつかんで引き出し、開口部１３より充電量が少なくなった使用済の蓄電池１を取り出す。このとき、差込端子４ａ、４ａと、本体側挟持端子１４ｂ、１４ｂとの接続状態が解除される。本体１０内が空となる。次に、使用済の蓄電池１を満充電、又はほぼ満充電状態に充電された充電済の蓄電池１を蓄電池収納装置１１０の本体１０内に挿入するとともに、蓄電池１の差込端子４ａ、４ａと本体１０の本体側挟持端子１４ｂ、１４ｂとを接続状態にする。 To replace the storage battery 1, first, the bolts fixed to the main body 10 of the electric vehicle 100 are loosened and removed, and the lid 11 is opened. By opening the lid 11, the connection state between the holding terminals 5 b and 5 b of the storage battery 1 and the insertion terminals 15 a and 15 a of the lid 11 is released. The handle 6 is grasped and pulled out, and the used storage battery 1 whose charging amount is reduced from the opening 13 is taken out. At this time, the connection state between the plug-in terminals 4a and 4a and the body-side clamping terminals 14b and 14b is released. The inside of the main body 10 becomes empty. Next, the used storage battery 1 is fully charged, or the charged storage battery 1 charged to a substantially fully charged state is inserted into the main body 10 of the storage battery storage device 110, and the insertion terminals 4a and 4a of the storage battery 1 are connected. The main body side clamping terminals 14b and 14b of the main body 10 are connected.
　その後、蓋体１１を閉めることで、蓄電池１の挟持端子５ｂ、５ｂと、蓋体１１の蓋側差込端子１５ａ、１５ａとを接続状態にし、蓄電池１の交換作業を短時間で終了させることができる。蓄電池１の交換作業を行い易くするためには、交換用台車等を使用するとよい。この交換用台車等に関する技術については、本出願人が（ＷＯ　２００８／１２３５４３　Ａ１）で詳細に開示している。このように、電気自動車所有者（利用者）８０は、電気自動車１００の残存充電量（走行可能距離）に不安を感じたら、蓄電池交換所７３、蓄電池交換棚装置５００で充電済の蓄電池１に、素早く交換することができる。 Thereafter, by closing the lid 11, the holding terminals 5b and 5b of the storage battery 1 and the lid-side insertion terminals 15a and 15a of the lid 11 are connected, and the replacement operation of the storage battery 1 is completed in a short time. Can do. In order to facilitate the replacement work of the storage battery 1, a replacement cart or the like may be used. The technology relating to the replacement cart is disclosed in detail by the present applicant in (WO 2008/123543 A1). As described above, when the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 feels uneasy about the remaining charge amount (travelable distance) of the electric vehicle 100, the storage battery exchange station 73 and the storage battery replacement shelf device 500 charge the storage battery 1 that has been charged. Can be replaced quickly.
　即ち、蓄電池１に、長時間の充電を行う間待つことがない。又、このとき、使用（消費）電力量支払いのための精算等の行為なしで直ちに発車してもよく、後は電気自動車所有者（利用者）８０が蓄電池管理会社７０に届け出した預貯金口座から口座振替して、又はクレジットカードで精算業務は完了する。例えば、多くの場所に、充電済の蓄電池１を置くだけの蓄電池交換棚装置５００を設置すると、電気自動車所有者（利用者）８０は蓄電池１を交換して直ちに走行を再開が可能となる。この蓄電池１の交換後は、蓄電池管理会社７０の担当者（技術者）が、使用（消費）電力量精算、集配、使用済の蓄電池１への充電等の作業を行う。 That is, there is no need to wait while charging the storage battery 1 for a long time. At this time, the vehicle may be departed immediately without paying off for payment of used (consumed) electric energy, and thereafter, from the savings and savings account that the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 has notified to the storage battery management company 70. Checkout is completed by direct debit or by credit card. For example, if the storage battery exchange shelf device 500 that only places the charged storage battery 1 is installed in many places, the electric vehicle owner (user) 80 can replace the storage battery 1 and immediately resume traveling. After the replacement of the storage battery 1, a person in charge (engineer) of the storage battery management company 70 performs operations such as settlement of used (consumed) electric energy, collection and delivery, and charging of the used storage battery 1.
　要するに、蓄電池１の交換作業は、内燃機関自動車（ガソリン自動車）の給油時間がないので短時間で蓄電池１の交換作業が終了することが可能となる。電気自動車所有者８０は、電気自動車１００が盗難等にあったら直ちに蓄電池管理会社７０へ行った電気自動車１００の所持登録の届け出を取り消す。蓄電池管理会社７０では、管理コンピュータ７０ａに、電気自動車所有者８０から所持登録の届け出を取り消すという通知が出されたことを入力する。すなわち、管理コンピュータ７０ａ内に記憶されている電気自動車所有者８０に関するデータから、電気自動車の所持登録の届け出が削除される。 In short, the replacement work of the storage battery 1 can be completed in a short time since the replacement work of the storage battery 1 has no refueling time for an internal combustion engine vehicle (gasoline vehicle). If the electric vehicle 100 is stolen, the electric vehicle owner 80 immediately cancels the registration of the possession of the electric vehicle 100 to the storage battery management company 70. In the storage battery management company 70, the management computer 70a is input that the notification of canceling the registration of possession registration has been issued from the electric vehicle owner 80. That is, the notification of possession registration of the electric vehicle is deleted from the data regarding the electric vehicle owner 80 stored in the management computer 70a.
　このようにしておくと、蓄電池１交換時に、ＩＣタグのデータを管理コンピュータ７０ａに送信したとき、管理コンピュータ７０ａ側では、この電気自動車の所持登録の届け出が削除されているので、電気自動車所有者の確認がとれない。なお、ＩＣタグのデータは、例えば、データ入出力手段、制御部７３ａ、通信回線７８を介して、管理コンピュータ７０ａに送信される。交換した充電済の蓄電池１は、搭載した電気自動車１００の電気自動車所有者８０の確認、又は電気自動車１００の車体の確認がとれないので、スイッチがオンしないように制御することで電気自動車１００は走行しない。 In this manner, when the data of the IC tag is transmitted to the management computer 70a when the storage battery 1 is replaced, the notification of possession registration of the electric vehicle is deleted on the management computer 70a side. Cannot be confirmed. The data of the IC tag is transmitted to the management computer 70a via, for example, the data input / output means, the control unit 73a, and the communication line 78. Since the exchanged charged storage battery 1 cannot be confirmed by the electric vehicle owner 80 of the mounted electric vehicle 100 or the vehicle body of the electric vehicle 100, the electric vehicle 100 is controlled by controlling so that the switch is not turned on. Do not run.
　この場合、管理コンピュータ７０ａにおいて電気自動車所有者の確認がとれないことがわかるので、蓄電池管理会社７０において確認でき盗難防止の効果がある。また、このような所持登録の届け出の有無の確認は、電池交換側制御部７３ａ、蓄電池制御部２０で行ってもよい。この場合、ＩＣタグのデータを読み取ったとき、電池交換側制御部７３ａ、蓄電池制御部２０が、通信回線７８等を介して管理コンピュータ７０ａと接続し、管理コンピュータ７０ａ内のデータとの確認をとればよい。この場合も、この確認をとれない状態が蓄電池管理会社７０の管理コンピュータ７０ａに送信されるため、蓄電池管理会社７０において確認でき盗難防止の効果がある。 In this case, since it can be seen that the owner of the electric vehicle cannot be confirmed in the management computer 70a, it can be confirmed in the storage battery management company 70, and the effect of preventing theft is obtained. In addition, confirmation of the presence / absence of notification of possession registration may be performed by the battery replacement side control unit 73a and the storage battery control unit 20. In this case, when the IC tag data is read, the battery replacement side control unit 73a and the storage battery control unit 20 are connected to the management computer 70a via the communication line 78 and the like, and can confirm the data in the management computer 70a. That's fine. Also in this case, since the state that cannot be confirmed is transmitted to the management computer 70a of the storage battery management company 70, it can be confirmed by the storage battery management company 70 and there is an effect of preventing theft.
　この蓄電池の管理方法では、規格が統一された蓄電池１を、全て、蓄電池管理会社７０の所有にしている。そのことで、蓄電池交換所７３、蓄電池交換棚装置５００において、蓄電池１を交換し、使用（消費）しただけの使用（消費）電力量の精算をすればよい。また、蓄電池１は、専門家である技術者により、行き届いたメンテナンスが可能となり、長期間に亘って使用することが可能になる。このため、使用（消費）電力料金、蓄電池代（複数年の長期償却が可能であり、１ヶ月当たりの費用に分割すると僅かな費用になる）、蓄電池の保険、メンテナンス代を加算しても、電気自動車の普及を阻害するような費用とはならない。 In this storage battery management method, all storage batteries 1 whose standards are unified are owned by the storage battery management company 70. Therefore, in the storage battery exchange 73 and the storage battery exchange shelf device 500, the storage battery 1 may be replaced and the used (consumed) power amount just used (consumed) may be settled. Further, the storage battery 1 can be carefully maintained by an engineer who is an expert, and can be used for a long period of time. For this reason, even if you add the usage (consumption) power charge, storage battery cost (long-term depreciation for multiple years is possible and it will be a small expense when divided into costs per month), storage battery insurance, maintenance fee, The cost will not hinder the spread of electric vehicles.
　すなわち、これらを全て含めた電力料金が、ガソリン代の半額以下にすることが十分可能である。このように蓄電池１を電気自動車メーカー７２等に無償貸与することで、蓄電地１の費用が発生せず、電気自動車１００を割安で電気自動車所有者８０に提供できる。言い換えると、電気自動車所有者８０は、容器としての蓄電池１が無償貸与され、充電等に使用された使用電力相当分等の費用を支払えばよい。蓄電池１を無償貸与することで電気自動車１００の価格が安価になれば、従来のガソリン自動車等の燃料（ガソリン）代に比べ、この燃料代に相当する電気代が１／２以下となり、電気自動車１００の普及拡大が図れる。 That is, it is possible that the electricity charge including all of these is less than half the gasoline cost. By thus lending the storage battery 1 to the electric vehicle manufacturer 72 or the like free of charge, the cost of the storage area 1 is not generated, and the electric vehicle 100 can be provided to the electric vehicle owner 80 at a reduced price. In other words, the electric vehicle owner 80 may pay the cost equivalent to the amount of power used for charging the storage battery 1 as a container free of charge. If the price of the electric vehicle 100 is reduced by renting the storage battery 1 free of charge, the electricity cost corresponding to this fuel cost will be ½ or less compared to the fuel (gasoline) cost of a conventional gasoline car, etc. 100 can be spread and expanded.
　蓄電池管理会社７０が、専門技術で細部にわたって行き届いたメンテナンスを行うことで、蓄電池１は長期の使用が可能となる。使用電力代には、蓄電池１の保険・保全代等が含まれるが、蓄電池十数年の長期償却として分割すると、１ヶ月当たりの金額は僅かな分担であり、蓄電池１の保険・保全代等を含めてもたいした金額とはならない。蓄電池１は、鉛蓄電池から始まりカドニカ電池、ニッケル水素電池へと発展し、現在、リチウムイオン電池が性能の優れた蓄電池といわれている。しかしながら、技術の進歩は日進月歩である。 The storage battery 1 can be used for a long time by the storage battery management company 70 performing detailed maintenance with specialized technology. The power consumption includes insurance / maintenance costs for storage battery 1, but if it is divided as long-term depreciation of storage batteries over 10 years, the amount per month is a small share, and the storage / storage insurance / maintenance costs etc. Even if it is included, it will not be a significant amount of money. The storage battery 1 starts from a lead storage battery and has evolved into a CADNICA battery and a nickel-metal hydride battery. Currently, a lithium ion battery is said to be an excellent storage battery. However, technological progress is steadily progressing.
　莫大な資金を投資して大量生産を始めた後、更に優れた蓄電池が開発されていくことを予想すると思い切った行動がとれない。しかし、蓄電池を規格化された蓄電池とし、蓄電池管理会社７０で一括管理しておけば、新しい種類の高性能の蓄電池が開発、発売されても、漸次、顧客の要望に合わせて採用していけるので、今ある最高の形で量産加工を行うことができる。電気自動車１００は、地球温暖化防止対策の一つである二酸化炭酸ガス削減を実施するため、地球に優しいが、現在普及していない。 After investing a huge amount of money and starting mass production, it is impossible to take drastic action if we expect that a better storage battery will be developed. However, if the storage battery is a standardized storage battery and is managed collectively by the storage battery management company 70, even if new types of high-performance storage batteries are developed and released, they can be gradually adopted according to customer requirements. Therefore, mass production processing can be performed in the best form currently available. Although the electric vehicle 100 is friendly to the earth in order to reduce carbon dioxide gas, which is one of the measures for preventing global warming, it is not widely used at present.
　この大きな問題の一つは、安価で供給可能な電気自動車用の蓄電池がないことである。そのため、蓄電池を電力供給用の容器として蓄電池管理会社が所有し、蓄電池を電気自動車等の利用者に貸与した場合、使用電力量（又は、走行距離）に相当する電力料金として換算すると、燃料（例えば、ガソリン）の約２０分の１の計算になり、蓄電池の１０～２０年の原価償却料と、この間の保険費用、保守費用、修理費用及び税金を含んでも、燃料費より安い１／２以下の価格が設定できる。 One of the big problems is that there is no storage battery for electric vehicles that can be supplied at low cost. Therefore, if a storage battery is owned by a storage battery management company as a container for supplying power and the storage battery is lent to a user such as an electric vehicle, the fuel ( For example, it is approximately 1/20 of gasoline), and it is less than fuel cost even if it includes 10-20 years of depreciation of storage battery and insurance, maintenance, repair, and tax. The following prices can be set.
　電気自動車１００用の蓄電池１は、個人の所有とした場合、蓄電池１が高価格のため電気自動車１００の価格を押し上げ電気自動車１００の普及拡大を阻害してしまう。また、蓄電池１を個人の管理とした場合、短時間充電や瞬間充電の発熱トラブル等を生じさせ、寿命時間が短くなる恐れがある。電気自動車１００は、主部品の一つである高価なエンジン等がなく、高価な蓄電池代もないと安く販売できるので、従来の内燃機関自動車より格段に安く提供できる。 When the storage battery 1 for the electric vehicle 100 is privately owned, the storage battery 1 increases the price of the electric vehicle 100 because the storage battery 1 is expensive. Further, when the storage battery 1 is managed by an individual, there is a possibility that a short-time charge or a momentary heat generation trouble may occur, and the lifetime may be shortened. The electric vehicle 100 does not have an expensive engine that is one of the main components, and can be sold cheaply without an expensive storage battery cost. Therefore, the electric vehicle 100 can be provided much cheaper than a conventional internal combustion engine vehicle.
　［カーナビゲーションシステムによる蓄電池交換所等の表示］
　図７は、電気自動車１００に搭載されたカーナビゲーションシステム２００の概要を示す概念図である。図８は、カーナビゲーションシステム２００の表示部２０５の画面の例を示す図である。図９は、カーナビゲーションシステム２００の動作の例を示すフローチャートである。図１０は、カーナビゲーションシステムの動作の例を示すフローチャートである。カーナビゲーションシステム２００は、アンテナ２０１を介して、ＧＰＳ衛星２０２から、位置情報を受信する。ＧＰＳ（Global Positioning System）は、全地球測位システムと呼ばれ、衛星から発信される信号を受信して、位置座標を特定するシステムである。 [Display of storage battery exchanges, etc. by car navigation system]
FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an outline of a car navigation system 200 mounted on the electric vehicle 100. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a screen of the display unit 205 of the car navigation system 200. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the car navigation system 200. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the car navigation system. The car navigation system 200 receives position information from the GPS satellite 202 via the antenna 201. The GPS (Global Positioning System) is called a global positioning system, and is a system that receives a signal transmitted from a satellite and specifies position coordinates.
　カーナビゲーションシステム２００は、ＧＰＳ衛星２０２から受信した位置情報に基づいて、目的地までの道路ルートを検索して、検索されたルートを、地図上に表示するものである。カーナビゲーションシステム２００は、位置測位部２０３、ルート検索部２０４、表示部２０５からなる。図中は、ＧＰＳ衛星２０２は、一基のみを例示しているが、実際上は、アンテナ２０１は、３ないし４基のＧＰＳ衛星２０２の信号を受信し、カーナビゲーションシステム２００の位置測位部２０３は、これを信号処理して、現在位置情報を特定する。 The car navigation system 200 searches for a road route to a destination based on position information received from the GPS satellite 202, and displays the searched route on a map. The car navigation system 200 includes a position positioning unit 203, a route search unit 204, and a display unit 205. In the figure, only one GPS satellite 202 is illustrated, but in actuality, the antenna 201 receives signals from three to four GPS satellites 202, and the position positioning unit 203 of the car navigation system 200. Performs signal processing to identify current position information.
　ルート検索部２０４は、位置測位部２０３で受信した位置情報に基づいて、地図データを検索して、目的地までのルートを検索する。地図データは、カーナビゲーションシステム２００の記録部（図示せず。）内にデータベースとして格納されている。表示部２０５は、現在位置の位置情報、地図、及び、ルート検索部で検索した結果のルートを表示するものである。表示部２０５は、電気自動車１００を運転しているドライバ（例えば、電気自動車所有者（利用者）など）等のユーザが、目的地等を入力するための入力インターフェースも備えている。ルート検索部２０４は、蓄電池制御部２０（図１及び図５を参照）に接続される。 The route search unit 204 searches the map data based on the position information received by the position measurement unit 203 and searches for a route to the destination. Map data is stored as a database in a recording unit (not shown) of the car navigation system 200. The display unit 205 displays position information of the current position, a map, and a route obtained as a result of search by the route search unit. The display unit 205 also includes an input interface for a user such as a driver (for example, an electric vehicle owner (user)) driving the electric vehicle 100 to input a destination or the like. The route search unit 204 is connected to the storage battery control unit 20 (see FIGS. 1 and 5).
　ルート検索部２０４は、蓄電池制御部２０（図１及び図５を参照）から、走行可能な距離を示す距離データを受信する。具体的には、ルート検索部２０４は、蓄電池制御部２０のデータ送受信部３３（図５を参照）と接続され、距離データを取得する。また、ルート検索部２０４は、電気自動車１００の制御部に接続され、距離データを取得することもできる。ルート検索部２０４は、位置測位部から、電気自動車１００の現在位置を示す位置情報を取得する。ルート検索部２０４は、電気自動車の走行可能な距離の範囲を示す距離マークを、距離データに基づいて、計算し、表示部２０５に送信する。 The route search unit 204 receives distance data indicating a travelable distance from the storage battery control unit 20 (see FIGS. 1 and 5). Specifically, the route search unit 204 is connected to the data transmission / reception unit 33 (see FIG. 5) of the storage battery control unit 20 and acquires distance data. In addition, the route search unit 204 is connected to the control unit of the electric vehicle 100 and can acquire distance data. The route search unit 204 acquires position information indicating the current position of the electric vehicle 100 from the position positioning unit. The route search unit 204 calculates a distance mark indicating the range of the distance that the electric vehicle can travel based on the distance data, and transmits the distance mark to the display unit 205.
　表示部２０５は、ルート検索部２０４から受信した、電気自動車１００の現在位置、地図、距離マークを重ねて画面に表示する。図８には、表示部２０５が図示されている。表示部２０５は、地図表示領域２１０、情報表示領域２１１、操作領域２１２からなっている。情報表示領域２１１は、蓄電池（バッテリー）１の残存容量（残量）を示すグラフ２１３や、その他の情報をテキスト形式等で表示する。画面の例では、蓄電池１の残存容量、走行可能な距離、蓄電池交換所７３、蓄電池交換棚装置５００、目的地等を例示している。操作領域２１２は、カーナビゲーションシステム２００の操作するときのインターフェースを提供するもので、複数のボタン等を有する。 The display unit 205 displays the current position, map, and distance mark of the electric vehicle 100 received from the route search unit 204 on the screen. FIG. 8 shows the display unit 205. The display unit 205 includes a map display area 210, an information display area 211, and an operation area 212. The information display area 211 displays a graph 213 indicating the remaining capacity (remaining capacity) of the storage battery (battery) 1 and other information in a text format or the like. In the example of the screen, the remaining capacity of the storage battery 1, the travelable distance, the storage battery exchange 73, the storage battery exchange shelf device 500, the destination, and the like are illustrated. The operation area 212 provides an interface for operating the car navigation system 200 and includes a plurality of buttons and the like.
　例えば、ボタン２１４は、カーナビゲーションシステム２００のメイン画面を表示するメニューを表示するものである。また、ボタン２１５は、他の表示形式を変えるためのボタンである。図６に例示した以外の表示形式を選択するためのものである。ボタン２１６は、直前の操作に戻るためのボタンである。ボタン２１７は、画面上のカーソルを上下左右に移動させるためのボタンで、４個ある。ボタン２１８は、カーソルで選択されたものを選択するものである。地図表示領域２１０は、地図を表示し、その上に必要な情報を表するためのものである。 For example, the button 214 displays a menu for displaying the main screen of the car navigation system 200. A button 215 is a button for changing another display format. This is for selecting a display format other than that illustrated in FIG. The button 216 is a button for returning to the previous operation. There are four buttons 217 for moving the cursor on the screen up, down, left and right. The button 218 is used to select the item selected with the cursor. The map display area 210 is for displaying a map and displaying necessary information thereon.
　地図上には、まず、道路２２０が表示される。そして、地図上には、例えば、電気自動車１００の現在位置を示す印２２１、蓄電池交換所を示すマーク２２２ａ、２２２ｂ、及び、２２２ｃ、走行可能な距離を示す円形マーク２２３、２２４が表示されている。又、ルート検索部２０４で検索したルート２２５も表示される。走行可能な距離を示す円形マーク２２３、２２４は、電気自動車の現在位置を中心点とし表示されている。電気自動車の現在位置は、印２２１であり、印２２１が円形マーク２２３、２２４の中心点となる。 First, a road 220 is displayed on the map. On the map, for example, a mark 221 indicating the current position of the electric vehicle 100, marks 222a, 222b and 222c indicating the storage battery exchange, and circular marks 223 and 224 indicating the travelable distance are displayed. . A route 225 searched by the route search unit 204 is also displayed. Circular marks 223 and 224 indicating the travelable distance are displayed with the current position of the electric vehicle as a center point. The current position of the electric vehicle is a mark 221, and the mark 221 is the center point of the circular marks 223 and 224.
　円形マーク２２３、２２４は、走行可能な距離を半径とする円形である。この例では、円形マーク２２３は、通常走行時に表示されるものであり、走行可能な距離内に蓄電池交換所７３（又は蓄電池交換棚装置５００）が２以上あるときに表示される。蓄電池交換所７３が円形マーク２２３内に１個になったとき、円形マーク２２４に変わり、強調表示される。この強調表示は、ドライバに対する警告する意味合いもある。ドライバは、この強調表示を見て、蓄電池１を至急交換しなければならないことを一目でわかる、利便性がある。また、この強調表示は、円形マーク２２３又は円形マーク２２４が点灯したり、その表示される色を変化させたり、等のように、自由自在に設計できるものである。 The circular marks 223 and 224 are circular with a radius that can be traveled. In this example, the circular mark 223 is displayed during normal traveling, and is displayed when there are two or more storage battery exchange stations 73 (or storage battery replacement shelf devices 500) within the travelable distance. When the number of storage battery exchanges 73 becomes one in the circular mark 223, it changes to the circular mark 224 and is highlighted. This highlighting also has the meaning of warning the driver. The driver sees this highlighting and is convenient to know at a glance that the storage battery 1 must be replaced immediately. In addition, this highlighting can be freely designed such that the circular mark 223 or the circular mark 224 is turned on or the displayed color is changed.
　そして、ルート２２５は、電気自動車１００から一番近い蓄電池交換所７３までのルートを示している。ドライバは、このルート２２５に沿って電気自動車１００を運転すれば、蓄電池１が完全に放電する前に、蓄電池交換所７３に到着することができ、蓄電池交換を確実に行うことができる。円形マーク２２３又は円形マーク２２４は、走行可能距離が短くなるに従って、その大きさは小さくなっていく。むろん、円形マーク２２３又は円形マーク２２４の見かけの大きさは、地図を表示するスケールにもよる。円形マーク２２３と円形マーク２２４の線の太さは、走行距離が短くなるにつれて、太くするとよい。 A route 225 indicates a route from the electric vehicle 100 to the nearest storage battery exchange 73. If the driver drives the electric vehicle 100 along the route 225, the driver can arrive at the storage battery exchange 73 before the storage battery 1 is completely discharged, and the storage battery can be reliably replaced. The size of the circular mark 223 or the circular mark 224 becomes smaller as the travelable distance becomes shorter. Of course, the apparent size of the circular mark 223 or the circular mark 224 depends on the scale on which the map is displayed. The thickness of the line between the circular mark 223 and the circular mark 224 is preferably increased as the traveling distance becomes shorter.
　強調表示の代わりに、また、強調表示と合わせて、警報を音声で、又は、画面上にテキストで表示することが可能である。テキストによる警報は、地図表示領域２１０及び／又は情報表示領域２１１で表示できる。テキストの大きさ、表示メッセージは、走行距離の長さによって変更するとよい。例えば、走行距離が短くなるにつれて、テキストの大きさが大きくなるとよい。表示メッセージも、走行距離が短くなるにつれて、「蓄電池交換時期が近づいています。」、「蓄電池交換が必要です」、「蓄電池を至急交換してください」、「緊急蓄電池交換」等のように、警告レベルを上がるようにするとよい。 ・ ・ ・ Alarms can be displayed by voice or text on the screen instead of highlighting or in combination with highlighting. The text alert can be displayed in the map display area 210 and / or the information display area 211. The size of the text and the display message may be changed depending on the length of the travel distance. For example, the text size should increase as the travel distance decreases. As the mileage becomes shorter, the displayed message also says, “The storage battery replacement time is approaching.”, “The storage battery replacement is necessary”, “Replace the storage battery immediately”, “Emergency storage battery replacement”, etc. It is recommended to raise the warning level.
　図９のフローチャートは、カーナビゲーションシステム２００の動作の例を示している。ルート検索部２０４は、最初に、蓄電池１の残存容量（残量）情報を、蓄電池制御部２０から取得する（ステップ１０）。そして、ルート検索部２０４は、蓄電池制御部２０から、走行可能な距離（Ａ）に関するデータを取得する（ステップ１１）。ルート検索部２０４は、位置測位部２０３から、位置情報を取得する（ステップ１２）。位置情報は、アンテナ２０１の現在位置のデータである。言い換えると、電気自動車１００の現在位置になる。 9 shows an example of the operation of the car navigation system 200. The route search unit 204 first acquires the remaining capacity (remaining amount) information of the storage battery 1 from the storage battery control unit 20 (step 10). And the route search part 204 acquires the data regarding the distance (A) which can be drive | worked from the storage battery control part 20 (step 11). The route search unit 204 acquires position information from the position positioning unit 203 (step 12). The position information is data on the current position of the antenna 201. In other words, the current position of the electric vehicle 100 is obtained.
　ルート検索部２０４は、走行可能な距離（Ａ）を表示部２０５へ送り、表示部２０５は、走行可能な距離を地図上に表示する（ステップ１３）。又、ルート検索部２０４は、走行可能な距離（Ａ）の範囲を地図上に検索し、その表示範囲を示すデータを表示部２０５へ送り、表示部２０５は、これを地図上に表示する（ステップ１３）。ルート検索部２０４は、走行可能な距離（Ａ）が警報範囲であるか否かを確認する（ステップ１４）。この例では、警報範囲が距離Ｌで示されている。この距離Ｌは、二番目に近い蓄電池交換所又は一番近い蓄電池交換所までの距離である。 The route search unit 204 sends the travelable distance (A) to the display unit 205, and the display unit 205 displays the travelable distance on the map (step 13). Further, the route search unit 204 searches the map for the range of the travelable distance (A), sends data indicating the display range to the display unit 205, and the display unit 205 displays this on the map ( Step 13). The route search unit 204 checks whether or not the travelable distance (A) is within the warning range (step 14). In this example, the alarm range is indicated by a distance L. This distance L is the distance to the second closest storage battery exchange or the nearest storage battery exchange.
　又、この距離Ｌは、所定の距離であっても良い。例えば、走行可能な距離（Ａ）が１０ｋｍ以下になった時、ルート検索部２０４がこれを警報範囲と認定してもよい。ＡがＬより短いと、警報範囲と判定し、表示部２０５は、地図上に、強調表示をする（ステップ１５）。又は、ルート検索部２０４が警報を発する（ステップ１５）。強調表示は、図８の説明で説明した通りである。発生される警報は、音声発生手段で、警報音が発生されると良い。音声発生手段は、任意の装置でよいが、特に、カーナビゲーションシステム２００に内蔵されているスピーカ（図示せず）、カーナビゲーションシステム２００に接続されている他の音声装置等が例示できる。 The distance L may be a predetermined distance. For example, when the travelable distance (A) becomes 10 km or less, the route search unit 204 may recognize this as the alarm range. If A is shorter than L, it is determined as an alarm range, and the display unit 205 highlights on the map (step 15). Alternatively, the route search unit 204 issues an alarm (step 15). The highlighting is as described in the description of FIG. The alarm to be generated is preferably a sound generation means and an alarm sound is generated. The sound generation means may be any device, but in particular, a speaker (not shown) built in the car navigation system 200, another sound device connected to the car navigation system 200, and the like can be exemplified.
　そして、次の処理に移る（ステップ１６）。次の処理は、目的地検索等のカーナビゲーションシステム２００の本来の機能であると良い。この処理後、最初のステップ１０からステップ１５の処理が繰り返し行われる。図１０のフローチャートは、カーナビゲーションシステムの動作の他の例を示す。ステップ１９の前の処理は、図９のステップ１０～１５の処理である。ルート検索部２０４は、蓄電池交換所７３に関するデータを取得する（ステップ２０）。ルート検索部２０４は、ステップ１１で取得した走行可能な距離のデータを用い、走行可能な距離内で、最も近い蓄電池交換所７３を検索する（ステップ２１）。 Then, the process proceeds to the next process (step 16). The next processing may be an original function of the car navigation system 200 such as destination search. After this process, the processes from the first step 10 to step 15 are repeated. The flowchart of FIG. 10 shows another example of the operation of the car navigation system. The process before step 19 is the process of steps 10 to 15 in FIG. The route search unit 204 acquires data related to the storage battery exchange 73 (step 20). The route search unit 204 searches for the closest storage battery exchange 73 within the travelable distance using the travelable distance data acquired in Step 11 (Step 21).
　蓄電池交換所７３の位置を表示する（ステップ２２）。最寄りの蓄電池交換所７３までのルートを検索する（ステップ２３）。最寄りの蓄電池交換所７３までのルートは、１以上、できれば、２以上のルートを検索すると良い。図８の例では、一番近い蓄電池交換所を示すマーク２２２ａまでのルート２２５のみを例示している。ここで、蓄電池交換所を示すマーク２２２ｃまでのルートを検索して表示すると良い。そして、ルート検索部２０４は、検索されたルート２２５を、表示部２０５へ送信し、蓄電池交換所７３へのルート２２５を、表示部２０５が地図情報表示部２１０上に表示する（ステップ２４）。次の処理に移行する（ステップ２５）。この次の処理は、図９のステップ１６である。 The position of the storage battery exchange 73 is displayed (step 22). A route to the nearest storage battery exchange 73 is searched (step 23). It is preferable to search for one or more routes to the nearest storage battery exchange 73, preferably two or more routes. In the example of FIG. 8, only the route 225 to the mark 222a indicating the nearest storage battery exchange is illustrated. Here, the route to the mark 222c indicating the storage battery exchange may be searched and displayed. The route search unit 204 transmits the searched route 225 to the display unit 205, and the display unit 205 displays the route 225 to the storage battery exchange 73 on the map information display unit 210 (step 24). The process proceeds to the next process (step 25). This next processing is step 16 in FIG.
　以上、本発明の実施の形態について説明を行ったが、本発明はこの実施の形態に限定されることはない。本発明の目的、趣旨を変更しない範囲内で変更が可能であることはいうまでもない。例えば、電気自動車所有者の使用電力量の積算計算等は、蓄電池制御部で行っていると説明しているが、蓄電池交換所（又は、蓄電池交換棚装置）の電池交換側制御部、蓄電池管理会社の管理コンピュータで行ってもよい。すなわち、充電済の蓄電池として交換された時の残存充電量と、使用済の蓄電池として交換されたときの残存充電量と、電気自動車所有者を識別できる識別データ等が、通信回線を介して共有できれば同じ処理を行うことができる。 Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. It goes without saying that changes can be made without departing from the scope and purpose of the present invention. For example, it is described that the calculation of the electric energy used by the owner of the electric vehicle is performed by the storage battery control unit, but the battery exchange side control unit of the storage battery exchange (or storage battery exchange shelf device), storage battery management You may do this with a company management computer. That is, the remaining charge amount when it is replaced as a charged storage battery, the remaining charge amount when it is replaced as a used storage battery, and identification data that can identify the electric vehicle owner are shared via a communication line. If possible, the same processing can be performed.
　本発明の電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法は、二酸化炭素の排出量削減ができ、環境に優しい電気自動車の普及拡大を図ることに貢献でき、電気自動車を使用する運輸産業、電気自動車の製造、販売業、蓄電池の製造、販売業、環境産業などの各産業で利用することができる。 The storage battery management method for an electric vehicle according to the present invention can reduce carbon dioxide emissions, contribute to the spread of environmentally friendly electric vehicles, transport industry using electric vehicles, manufacture and sales of electric vehicles Can be used in various industries such as manufacturing, storage battery manufacturing, sales, and environmental industries.

Claims (14)

  1. 　規格化され、着脱自在に交換可能な蓄電池が搭載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法であって、
    　前記蓄電池を管理する蓄電池管理会社は、規格化された前記蓄電池を所有し、
    　前記蓄電池管理会社は、前記蓄電池を、前記電気自動車を製造する電気自動車製造会社、又は、前記電気自動車を所有する電気自動車所有者に貸与し、
    　前記蓄電池管理会社は、充電量が残り少ない使用済の前記蓄電池と、満充電又はほぼ満充電に充電された充電済の前記蓄電池とを交換するための蓄電池交換所、及び／又は、蓄電池交換棚装置を、道路沿いの所定の位置に複数設置し、
    　前記電気自動車所有者は、前記蓄電池の交換時に、貸与された前記蓄電池の使用電力料金と蓄電池保全料金とを精算する
    　ことを特徴とする電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法。     A storage battery management method in an electric vehicle equipped with a standardized and detachable storage battery,
    The storage battery management company that manages the storage battery owns the standardized storage battery,
    The storage battery management company lends the storage battery to an electric vehicle manufacturing company that manufactures the electric vehicle, or an electric vehicle owner that owns the electric vehicle,
    The storage battery management company has a storage battery exchange station for exchanging the used storage battery with a small remaining amount of charge and the charged storage battery fully charged or almost fully charged, and / or a storage battery replacement shelf device. Are installed at predetermined locations along the road,
    The method of managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle, wherein the electric vehicle owner pays out a power usage fee and a storage battery maintenance fee of the loaned battery when the storage battery is replaced.
  2. 　請求項１に記載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法において、
    　前記蓄電池及び／又は前記電気自動車には、前記蓄電池の制御を行う電池制御部が具備され、
    　前記蓄電池制御部には、前記電気自動車所有者が使用した使用電力量を演算するための使用電力量演算部、及び／又は、前記蓄電池に充電されている充電量で走行可能な距離を演算するための走行可能距離演算部が設けられている
    　ことを特徴とする電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法。     In the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle according to claim 1,
    The storage battery and / or the electric vehicle includes a battery control unit that controls the storage battery,
    The storage battery control unit calculates a used power amount calculation unit for calculating the used power amount used by the electric vehicle owner and / or a distance that can be traveled by a charge amount charged in the storage battery. A storage battery management method for an electric vehicle, characterized in that a travelable distance calculation unit is provided.
  3. 　請求項１に記載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法において、
    　前記電気自動車には、前記電気自動車所有者を識別するための識別手段が具備されている
    　ことを特徴とする電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法。     In the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle according to claim 1,
    The electric vehicle is provided with identification means for identifying the owner of the electric vehicle. A method of managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle.
  4. 　請求項１に記載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法において、
    　前記蓄電池は、略直方体をしたものであり、前記蓄電池を前記電気自動車に対して着脱するための移動方向に対して直交する面に、接続用端子が設けられたものである
    　ことを特徴とする蓄電池の管理方法。     In the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle according to claim 1,
    The storage battery has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a connection terminal is provided on a surface orthogonal to a moving direction for attaching and detaching the storage battery to and from the electric vehicle. Storage battery management method.
  5. 　請求項２に記載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法において、
    　前記蓄電池には、この蓄電池の温度を計測するための温度計を設け、
    　前記蓄電池制御部は、前記蓄電池が所定の温度以上に達したとき、又は所定の温度状態が所定の時間継続したとき、異常事態として所定の信号を発生し、前記蓄電池の作動を停止するように制御する
    　ことを特徴とする電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法。     In the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle described in Claim 2,
    The storage battery is provided with a thermometer for measuring the temperature of the storage battery,
    The storage battery control unit generates a predetermined signal as an abnormal situation when the storage battery reaches or exceeds a predetermined temperature, or when a predetermined temperature state continues for a predetermined time, and stops the operation of the storage battery. A method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle.
  6. 　請求項２に記載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法において、
    　前記蓄電池交換所又は前記蓄電池交換棚装置には、前記蓄電池制御部のデータを収集可能な電池交換側制御部が具備され、
    　前記電池交換側制御部は、前記蓄電池を交換する都度、又は、所定の期間毎に積算して、前記蓄電池の前記使用電力料金と前記蓄電池保全料金とを計算する
    　ことを特徴とする電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法。     In the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle described in Claim 2,
    The storage battery exchange or the storage battery exchange shelf device includes a battery exchange side control unit capable of collecting data of the storage battery control unit,
    In the electric vehicle, the battery replacement side control unit calculates the power consumption charge and the storage battery maintenance charge of the storage battery every time the storage battery is replaced or by integration every predetermined period. Storage battery management method.
  7. 　請求項２に記載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法において、
    　前記蓄電池管理会社には、前記蓄電池制御部のデータを収集可能な管理コンピュータが具備され、
    　前記管理コンピュータは、蓄電池交換の都度、又は、所定の期間毎に積算して、前記蓄電池の前記使用電力料金と前記蓄電池保全料金とを計算する
    　ことを特徴とする電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法。     In the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle described in Claim 2,
    The storage battery management company includes a management computer capable of collecting data of the storage battery control unit,
    The management computer calculates the power consumption fee and the storage battery maintenance fee of the storage battery every time the storage battery is replaced or every predetermined period, and calculates the storage battery in the electric vehicle.
  8. 　請求項７に記載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法において、
    　前記蓄電池交換所又は前記蓄電池交換棚装置に具備された電池交換側制御部と前記管理コンピュータとの間には、無線を含む通信回線が具備され、
    　前記管理コンピュータには前記通信回線を介して、前記蓄電池に関するデータが送受信される
    　ことを特徴とする電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法。     In the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle according to claim 7,
    Between the battery exchange side controller provided in the storage battery exchange or the storage battery exchange shelf device and the management computer, a communication line including radio is provided,
    A method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle, wherein data relating to the storage battery is transmitted to and received from the management computer via the communication line.
  9. 　請求項１から８のいずれか１項に記載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法において、
    　前記電気自動車所有者は、前記電気自動車を所有したとき、前記電気自動車の所持登録を行うとともに、前記電気自動車の盗難、事故を含む異常事態が発生したとき、前記電気自動車の所持登録を取り消し、
    　前記電気自動車所有者が不明となった前記蓄電池は、作動しないように制御される
    　ことを特徴とする電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法。     In the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle described in any one of Claims 1-8,
    The owner of the electric vehicle performs possession registration of the electric vehicle when the electric vehicle is owned, and cancels possession registration of the electric vehicle when an abnormal situation including theft or accident of the electric vehicle occurs.
    The storage battery in the electric vehicle is controlled such that the storage battery in which the electric vehicle owner is unknown is controlled not to operate.
  10. 　請求項１から８のいずれか１項に記載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法において、
    　前記電気自動車所有者は、決済するための預貯金口座又はクレジットカードを、前記蓄電池管理会社側に登録し、
    　前記預貯金口座から口座振替で又は前記クレジットカードから精算する
    　ことを特徴とする電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法。     In the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle described in any one of Claims 1-8,
    The electric vehicle owner registers a savings account or a credit card for settlement on the storage battery management company side,
    A method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle, wherein the account is transferred from the deposit / savings account or from the credit card.
  11. 　請求項２に記載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法において、
    　前記電気自動車は、ＧＰＳから位置情報を取得し、前記位置情報に基づいて目的地を検索して、地図上に表示するためのカーナビゲーションシステムを有し、
    　前記カーナビゲーションシステムは、
    　前記ＧＰＳから前記位置情報を取得するための位置測位部、
    　前記位置情報に基づいて、地図データを検索して、前記目的地までのルートを検索するルート検索部、及び、
    　前記位置情報、前記地図、及び、前記ルート検索部で検索した結果の前記ルートを表示する表示部
    　からなり、
    　前記ルート検索部は、
    　　前記走行可能距離演算部から、前記走行可能な距離を示す距離データを取得し、
    　　前記位置測位部から、前記電気自動車の現在位置を示す前記位置情報を取得し、
    　　前記電気自動車の前記走行可能な距離の範囲を示す距離マークを、前記距離データに基づいて、前記表示部の画面に表示される前記地図の上に表示する
    　ことを特徴とする電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法。     In the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle described in Claim 2,
    The electric vehicle has a car navigation system for acquiring position information from GPS, searching for a destination based on the position information, and displaying the destination on a map.
    The car navigation system includes:
    A position measurement unit for obtaining the position information from the GPS;
    Based on the position information, search for map data, a route search unit for searching for a route to the destination, and
    The position information, the map, and a display unit that displays the route as a result of searching in the route search unit,
    The route search unit
    From the travelable distance calculation unit, obtain distance data indicating the travelable distance,
    From the position measurement unit, obtaining the position information indicating the current position of the electric vehicle,
    A distance mark indicating the range of the travelable distance of the electric vehicle is displayed on the map displayed on the screen of the display unit based on the distance data. Management method.
  12. 　請求項１１に記載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法において、
    　前記電気自動車の前記現在位置から、前記走行可能な距離の範囲以内の前記蓄電池交換所、及び／又は、前記蓄電池交換棚装置までの１以上の前記ルートを表示する
    　ことを特徴とする電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法。     In the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle according to claim 11,
    In the electric vehicle, the one or more routes from the current position of the electric vehicle to the storage battery exchange station and / or the storage battery exchange shelf device within the range of the travelable distance are displayed. Storage battery management method.
  13. 　請求項１１又は１２に記載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法において、
    　前記距離マークは、前記電気自動車の前記現在位置を中心点とし、前記走行可能な距離が半径とする円形で表示される
    　ことを特徴とする電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法。     In the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle described in Claim 11 or 12,
    The distance mark is displayed in a circular shape with the current position of the electric vehicle as a center point and the travelable distance as a radius. The method of managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle.
  14. 　請求項１３に記載された電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法において、
    　前記円形内に前記蓄電池交換所、及び／又は、前記蓄電池交換棚装置が所定数以内になると、警告を示すように、前記円形が強調されて表示される、又は、前記ルート検索部が警報を発する
    　ことを特徴とする電気自動車における蓄電池の管理方法。     In the management method of the storage battery in the electric vehicle according to claim 13,
    When the storage battery exchange and / or the storage battery exchange shelf device is within a predetermined number within the circle, the circle is highlighted and displayed as a warning, or the route search unit issues an alarm. A method for managing a storage battery in an electric vehicle characterized by the above.
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