WO2010000196A1 - 一种奥卡西平的化学合成方法 - Google Patents

一种奥卡西平的化学合成方法 Download PDF

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WO2010000196A1
WO2010000196A1 PCT/CN2009/072527 CN2009072527W WO2010000196A1 WO 2010000196 A1 WO2010000196 A1 WO 2010000196A1 CN 2009072527 W CN2009072527 W CN 2009072527W WO 2010000196 A1 WO2010000196 A1 WO 2010000196A1
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oxcarbazepine
iii
mass
cyano
nitro
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PCT/CN2009/072527
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English (en)
French (fr)
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苏为科
李坚军
蒋祖林
徐健康
宋刚
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浙江工业大学
浙江九洲药业股份有限公司
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Priority to EP09771966A priority Critical patent/EP2311812A4/en
Publication of WO2010000196A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010000196A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D223/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D223/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D223/18—Dibenzazepines; Hydrogenated dibenzazepines
    • C07D223/22—Dibenz [b, f] azepines; Hydrogenated dibenz [b, f] azepines
    • C07D223/24—Dibenz [b, f] azepines; Hydrogenated dibenz [b, f] azepines with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D223/26—Dibenz [b, f] azepines; Hydrogenated dibenz [b, f] azepines with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, attached to the ring nitrogen atom having a double bond between positions 10 and 11
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/08—Antiepileptics; Anticonvulsants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D223/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D223/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D223/18—Dibenzazepines; Hydrogenated dibenzazepines
    • C07D223/22—Dibenz [b, f] azepines; Hydrogenated dibenz [b, f] azepines
    • C07D223/24—Dibenz [b, f] azepines; Hydrogenated dibenz [b, f] azepines with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D223/28—Dibenz [b, f] azepines; Hydrogenated dibenz [b, f] azepines with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, attached to the ring nitrogen atom having a single bond between positions 10 and 11

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a chemical synthesis method of oxcarbazepine.
  • Oxcarbazepine is a keto-based derivative of carbamazepine. It is a new type of anti-epileptic drug developed in recent years. It is superior to carbamazepine in the treatment of epilepsy. It does not cause cross-reactions with other anti-epileptic drugs. In the past few years, some countries in the world have used oxcarbazepine instead of carbamazepine to treat refractory epilepsy, intractable trigeminal neuralgia and affective disorder, and have achieved good therapeutic effects. Prior to the present invention, the chemical synthesis methods for oxcarbazepine are mainly as follows: 1.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a process cartridge with reasonable rationality and high reaction yield.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
  • the organic solvent may be selected from one of the following: dichlorodecane, decyl alcohol, ethanol, toluene, ethyl acetate, nitrobenzene, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, 2-mercaptotetrahydrofuran, nitroguanidine alkyl.
  • the organic solvent is decyl alcohol, ethanol, toluene or 2-mercaptotetrahydrofuran.
  • the nickel content of the Raney nickel catalyst is generally 40 to 90%, preferably RHE series Raney nickel.
  • the amount of Raney nickel catalyst recommended is 5-cyano-11-nitro-5 H dibenzoaza ( ⁇ )
  • the mass is 0.01 to 0.50 times, preferably 0.05 to 0.30 times.
  • the compound of the formula ( ⁇ ) produced in the present invention needs to be hydrolyzed by adding hydrochloric acid having a mass fraction of 20 to 36.5%, and the amount of hydrochloric acid added is: HC1 and 5-cyano- 11-nitro-5 H in hydrochloric acid
  • the amount ratio of the substance of the benzoazepine (III) is from 0.8 to 3.0:1, preferably from 1.0 to 2.0:1.
  • the mass of the organic solvent is preferably 2 to 20 times the mass of 5-cyano-11-nitro-5H dibenzoazepine (III).
  • the reduction reaction time is preferably 2 to 15 hours.
  • the hydrolysis reaction conditions are as follows: the reaction is carried out at room temperature for 5 to 10 hours.
  • the oxcarbazepine product can be obtained by the following method: The reaction liquid is concentrated under reduced pressure until the solvent is substantially distilled, and the 5-cyano-11-nitrate having a mass of about the structure as shown in the formula (III) is added. The water of the base -5H dibenzoazepine is twice the mass of water, cooled to 5 ° C ⁇ 10 ° C, stirred for 30 minutes, suction filtered, and the filter residue is washed with a small amount of cold ethanol to obtain a white solid, that is, the oxcarbazepine .
  • the Raney nickel catalyst used in the present invention may be a commercially available product or may be prepared by itself according to a conventional method.
  • the specific synthesis method of conventional Raney nickel is as follows: In a reactor of 5 L or more, 50 g of nickel-aluminum alloy containing 30 to 50% of nickel and 500 ml of distilled water are added, and solid sodium hydroxide is added under constant stirring (no cooling is required) . At the beginning of the addition of sodium hydroxide, there is an induction period of about 0.5 to 1 minute (in this case, no reaction), and then the reaction becomes very intense. The rate and amount of sodium hydroxide added is maintained to maintain a vigorous boiling of the reaction without overflowing the container. When sodium hydroxide is added to about 80 g and the addition is continued without reaction, the addition of the base is stopped.
  • the invention uses 5-cyano-11-nitro-5H dibenzoazepine as a starting material, and is obtained by hydrogen reduction and concentrated hydrochloric acid hydrolysis to obtain oxcarbazepine product, which avoids some environmentally-friendly materials. Use of substances with safety hazards;
  • the method for synthesizing the oxcarbazepine of the present invention has a reasonable process and a reaction High rate, good product purity, basically no waste, suitable for industrial production.
  • the Raney nickel catalyst used in the following Examples 1-18 was Raney nickel type RTH-2110 manufactured by Zhuji Huaneng Catalyst Co., Ltd.; the concentrated hydrochloric acid used in Examples 1-16 was a hydrochloric acid having a mass fraction of 36.5%.
  • Feeding amount of 5 - cyano-11-nitro - 5 H dibenzazepine (hereinafter called feed tube III) 26.3 g (Ol mol) , Raney nickel in an amount of 0.263 g (0.01 times the mass of the starting material III)
  • the organic solvent is toluene, the amount of which is 10 times the mass of the raw material, and the hydrogen pressure is 5 atmospheres.
  • the reduction reaction temperature was reflux temperature, the reduction reaction time was 4 hours, and the hydrolysis reaction time was 5 hours.
  • Other operations were the same as in Example 1 to obtain oxcarbazepine 23.2 g, product yield 92.0%, purity 99.1%.
  • the reduction reaction temperature was reflux temperature, the reduction reaction time was 2 hours, and the hydrolysis reaction time was 5 hours.
  • Other operations were the same as in Example 1 to obtain 21.6 g of oxcarbazepine, the product yield was 85.7 %, and the purity was 98.8 %.
  • the amount of 5-cyano-11-nitro-5H dibenzoazepine (III) is 26.3 g (0.1 mol), and the amount of Raney nickel is 0.20 times the mass of the raw material, and the organic solvent is ethyl acetate.
  • the amount is 8 times the mass of the raw material III, the hydrogen pressure is 15 atmospheres, and the mole number of HC1 in the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1.5 times the mole of the raw material III.
  • the reduction reaction temperature was the reflux temperature of ethyl acetate, the reduction reaction time was 10 hours, and the hydrolysis reaction time was 8 hours.
  • the other operation was the same as in Example 1, and 22.7 g of oxcarbazepine was obtained.
  • the product yield was 90.0%, and the purity was 98.6 %.
  • the dosage is 5-cyano-11-nitro-5H dibenzoaza(III) 26.3 g (0.1 mol), the amount of Raney nickel is 0.20 times the mass of the raw material III, and the organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran.
  • the mass of the raw material III is 8 times, the hydrogen pressure is 15 atmospheres, and the number of moles of HC1 in the concentrated hydrochloric acid is twice the number of moles of the raw material.
  • the reduction reaction temperature was the reflux temperature of tetrahydrofuran, the reduction reaction time was 10 hours, and the hydrolysis reaction time was 8 hours.
  • the other operation was the same as in Example 1 to obtain 22.4 g of oxcarbazepine, the product yield was 88.9 %, and the purity was 98.9 %.
  • the amount of the raw material is 20 times the mass of the raw material III, the hydrogen pressure is 20 atmospheres, and the mole number of the HCl in the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1.5 times the mole of the raw material III.
  • the reduction reaction temperature is the reflux temperature of 2-mercaptotetrahydrofuran, the reduction reaction time is 15 hours, the hydrolysis reaction time is 10 hours, and the other operation is the same as in Example 1 to obtain 22.0 g of oxcarbazepine, the product yield is 87.3 %, and the purity is 99.0%. .
  • the dosage is 5-cyano-11-nitro-5H dibenzoaza(III) 26.3 g (0.1 mol), the amount of Raney nickel is 0.20 times the mass of the raw material, and the organic solvent is decyl alcohol. It is 10 times the mass of the raw material III, the hydrogen pressure is 10 atm, and the number of moles of HCl in the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1.5 times the mole of the raw material III.
  • the reduction reaction temperature is the reflux temperature of decyl alcohol, and the reduction reaction time is 8 hours.
  • the reaction time was 10 hours, and the other operations were the same as those in Example 1, and 20.0 g of oxcarbazepine was obtained.
  • the product yield was 91.2%, and the purity was 99.1%.
  • the dosage is 5-cyano-11-nitro-5H dibenzoaza (III) 26.3 g (0.1 mol), the amount of Raney nickel is 0.20 times the mass of the raw material, and the organic solvent is ethanol. 10 times the mass of the raw material III, the hydrogen pressure is 10 atm, and the number of moles of HC1 in the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1.5 times the mole of the raw material III.
  • the reduction reaction temperature was the reflux temperature of ethanol, the reduction reaction time was 8 hours, and the hydrolysis reaction time was 8 hours.
  • Other operations were the same as in Example 1 to obtain 22.7 g of oxcarbazepine, the yield of the product was 90.0%, and the purity was 99.0%.
  • the amount is 10 times the mass of the raw material III, the hydrogen pressure is 10 atmospheres, and the mole number of the HC1 in the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1.5 times the mole of the raw material III.
  • the reduction reaction temperature was the reflux temperature of isopropanol, the reduction reaction time was 10 hours, and the hydrolysis reaction time was 8 hours.
  • the other operation was the same as in Example 1 to obtain 22.5 g of oxcarbazepine, the product yield was 89.20%, and the purity was 98.7%.
  • the dosage is 5-cyano-11-nitro-5H dibenzoaza (III) 26.3 g (0.1 mol), the amount of Raney nickel is 0.30 times the mass of the raw material, and the organic solvent is acetone. 10 times the mass of the raw material III, the hydrogen pressure is 10 atm, and the HC1 in the concentrated hydrochloric acid The number is 1.5 times the number of moles of the starting material III.
  • the reduction reaction temperature was the reflux temperature of acetone, the reduction reaction time was 12 hours, and the hydrolysis reaction time was 8 hours.
  • the other operation was the same as in Example 1 to obtain 22.8 g of oxcarbazepine, the yield of the product was 90.4%, and the purity was 99.2%.
  • the amount thereof is 10 times the mass of the raw material III, the hydrogen pressure is 10 atm, and the number of moles of HC1 in the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1.0 times the mole of the raw material III.
  • the reduction reaction temperature is the reflux temperature of nitrodecane
  • the reduction reaction time is 6 hours
  • the hydrolysis reaction time is 8 hours
  • the other operation is the same as in Example 1, obtaining oxcarbazepine 23. lg, product yield 91.6 %, purity 99.0% .
  • the dosage is 5-cyano-11-nitro-5H dibenzoaza(III) 26.3 g (0.1 mol), the amount of Raney nickel is 0.30 times the mass of the raw material, and the organic solvent is nitro. It is 10 times the mass of the raw material III, the hydrogen pressure is 5 atm, and the number of moles of HCl in the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 3.0 times the mole of the raw material III.
  • the reduction reaction temperature was 120 °C
  • the reduction reaction time was 6 hours
  • the hydrolysis reaction time was 5 hours.
  • the other operation was the same as in Example 1 to obtain 22.3 g of oxcarbazepine, the product yield was 88.4%, and the purity was 98.6 %.
  • the reduction reaction temperature was the reflux temperature of toluene, the reduction reaction time was 12 hours, and the hydrolysis reaction time was 10 hours.
  • the other operation was the same as in Example 1 to obtain 23.0 g of oxcarbazepine, the yield of the product was 91.2%, and the purity was 98.7 %.
  • the dosage is 5-cyano-11-nitro-5H dibenzoaza(III) 26.3 g (0.1 mol), the amount of Raney nickel is 0.30 times the mass of the raw material III, and the organic solvent is benzene. It is 10 times the mass of the raw material III, the hydrogen pressure is 5 atm, and the number of moles of HCl in the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 3.0 times the mole of the raw material III.
  • the reduction reaction temperature was 40 Q C, the reduction reaction time was 15 hours, and the hydrolysis reaction time was 10 hours.
  • Other operations were the same as in Example 1, and oxcarbazepine was obtained in an amount of 21.6 g, and the product yield was 85.7 %, and the purity was 98.5%.
  • the dosage is 5-cyano-11-nitro-5H dibenzoaza(III) 26.3 g (0.1 mol), the amount of Raney nickel is 0.50 times the mass of the raw material III, and the organic solvent is toluene. It is 10 times the mass of the raw material III, the hydrogen pressure is 5 atm, and the number of moles of HCl in the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 3.0 times the mole of the raw material III.
  • Example 16 The reduction reaction temperature was 40 Q C, the reduction reaction time was 15 hours, and the hydrolysis reaction time was 5 hours.
  • the other operation was the same as in Example 1 to obtain 21.8 g of oxcarbazepine, the product yield was 86.5 %, and the purity was 98.6 %.
  • Example 16 The reduction reaction temperature was 40 Q C, the reduction reaction time was 15 hours, and the hydrolysis reaction time was 5 hours.
  • the other operation was the same as in Example 1 to obtain 21.8 g of oxcarbazepine, the product yield was 86.5 %, and the purity was 98.6 %.
  • the dosage is 5-cyano-11-nitro-5H dibenzoaza(III) 26.3 g (0.1 mol), the amount of Raney nickel is 0.40 times the mass of the raw material III, and the organic solvent is toluene. It is 10 times the mass of the raw material III, the hydrogen pressure is 10 atm, and the number of moles of HCl in the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 0.8 times the mole of the raw material III.
  • the reduction reaction temperature was 80 °C
  • the reduction reaction time was 15 hours
  • the hydrolysis reaction time was 8 hours.
  • Other operations were the same as in Example 1 to obtain 22.8 g of oxcarbazepine, the product yield was 90.4%, and the purity was 98.9 %.
  • the dosage is 5-cyano-11-nitro-5H dibenzoaza(III) 26.3 g (0.1 mol), the amount of Raney nickel is 0.30 times the mass of the raw material, and the organic solvent is decyl alcohol. It is 10 times the mass of the raw material III, the hydrogen pressure is 10 atm, and the number of moles of HCl in 20% hydrochloric acid (mass fraction) is 1.2 times the mole of the raw material III.
  • the reduction reaction temperature was reflux temperature, the reduction reaction time was 10 hours, and the hydrolysis reaction time was 10 hours.
  • Other operations were the same as in Example 1 to obtain 23.6 g of oxcarbazepine, the product yield was 93.6 %, and the purity was 98.9 %.
  • the dosage is 5-cyano-11-nitro-5H dibenzoaza(III) 26.3 g (0.1 mol), the amount of Raney nickel is 0.20 times the mass of the raw material, and the organic solvent is decyl alcohol. It is 8 times the mass of the raw material III, the hydrogen pressure is 15 atm, and the mole number of HC1 in the 20% hydrochloric acid (mass fraction) is 1.5 times the mole of the raw material III.
  • the reduction reaction temperature is the reflux temperature
  • the reduction reaction time is 12 hours
  • the hydrolysis reaction The time was 10 hours, and the other operations were the same as those in Example 1, and 23.8 g of oxcarbazepine was obtained.
  • the product yield was 94.4%, and the purity was 99.0%.

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Description

说 明 书 一种奥卡西平的化学合成方法
(一）技术领域
本发明涉及一种奥卡西平的化学合成方法。
(二） 背景技术
奥卡西平是卡马西平的酮基衍生物， 是近年开发的新型抗癫痫 药， 对癫痫病的疗效优于卡马西平， 与其他抗癫痫药物合用也不发 生交叉不良反应。过去几年中， 国际上已有一些国家在临床上采用奥 卡西平替代卡马西平， 治疗难治性癫痫、顽固性三叉神经痛和情感性 精神障碍， 并取得了良好的治疗效果。在本发明给出之前， 有关奥卡 西平的化学合成方法主要为： 1·以 10-曱氧基-亚氨基芪为原料法， 与 氰酸钠 （或氰酸） 酰化、 水解反应， 得到奥卡西平 （ IN 2004MU00663, PCT2005092862 ) 。 该工艺存在的主要问题为使用了 环保安全隐患很大的氰化物。 2.以卡马西平为原料经氧化重排合成奥 卡西平 (JP2004175761), 该反应主要存在收率较低， 不利于产业化生 产。
(三）发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种工艺筒单合理、反应收率高、 产品纯度好、基本无三废的 "一锅法" 合成奥卡西平的化学合成方法。 为解决上述技术问题， 本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种结构如式 (I)所示的奥卡西平的化学合成方法， 所述的方法 如下： 在反应器中加入结构如式 (ΠΙ)所示的 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯 并氮杂、 雷尼镍催化剂和有机溶剂， 通入氢气， 使氢气压力达到 2 ~ 20个大气压， 控制温度在 40°C ~ 120°C进行还原反应， 充分反应后 过滤， 所得滤液加质量分数为 20 ~ 36.5%的盐酸水解， 充分水解后 反应液经浓缩、 冷却结晶得到所述的奥卡西平。
在上述反应过程中， 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 (III)先在雷 尼镍催化下被氢气还原得到结构如式 (II)所示的 5-氰基 -11-氨基 -5 H 二苯并氮杂， 5-氰基 -11-氨基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 (II)再用浓盐酸水解得 到式 (I)化合物即奥卡西平。 反应方程式如下：
Figure imgf000004_0001
III II
下面对本发明的技术方案作具体说明。
本发明中， 所述的有机溶剂可选自下列之一： 二氯曱烷、 曱醇、 乙醇、曱苯、乙酸乙酯、硝基苯、丙酮、四氢呋喃、 2-曱基四氢呋喃、硝基 曱烷。 优选有机溶剂为曱醇、 乙醇、 曱苯或 2-曱基四氢呋喃。
所述的雷尼镍催化剂中镍含量一般在 40 ~ 90%, 优选 RTH系列 雷尼镍。 雷尼镍催化剂的用量推荐为 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 (ΠΙ)质量的 0.01 ~ 0.50倍, 优选为 0.05 ~ 0.30倍。
在本发明中生成的式 (Π)化合物需要加入质量分数为 20 ~ 36.5% 的盐酸进行水解， 加入的盐酸的用量为： 盐酸中的 HC1与 5-氰基- 11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 (III)的物质的量比为 0.8 - 3.0: 1 , 优选为 1.0 - 2.0： 1。
所述的有机溶剂质量用量推荐为 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮 杂 (III)质量的 2 ~ 20倍。
本发明中， 所述的还原反应时间推荐为 2 ~ 15小时。所述的水解 反应条件为： 在常温下反应为 5 ~ 10小时。
进一步， 充分水解后， 可具体采用如下方法得到奥卡西平产品： 反应液先减压浓缩至溶剂基本蒸完， 加入质量约为结构如式 (III)所 示的 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂质量 2倍的水， 冷却至 5°C ~ 10°C, 搅拌 30分钟， 抽滤， 滤渣用少量冷乙醇洗涤， 得类白色固体 即所述的奥卡西平。
本发明使用的雷尼镍催化剂， 可以是市售商品， 也可以按照常 规方法自行制备。
常规雷尼镍具体合成方法如下： 在 5L以上的反应器中， 加入 50 g含镍 30 ~ 50 %的镍铝合金和 500ml蒸馏水， 在不断搅拌下， 加 入固体的氢氧化钠 (不需要冷却)。在开始加入氢氧化钠时， 约有 0.5 ~ 1分钟诱导期 (此时， 不反应）， 然后反应会变得非常激烈。 加入氢氧 化钠的速度及数量以维持反应激烈沸腾而不溢出容器为度。当加入氢 氧化钠达 80 g左右， 继续加入而不再反应时， 停止加碱。 静止 10分 钟， 再于 70°C的水浴上保温 30分钟. 海绵状镍沉于瓶底。 倾去上清 液， 在振摇下， 用倾析法洗涤 2 ~ 3次， 干燥后得产品。
具体推荐所述的合成反应按照如下步骤进行：
( 1 ) 在反应器中加入结构如式 (III)所示的 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H 二苯并氮杂、雷尼镍催化剂和有机溶剂， 所述的雷尼镍催化剂中镍含 量为 40 ~ 90 % , 所述雷尼镍催化剂的用量为 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二 苯并氮杂 (III)质量的 0.05 ~ 0.30倍； 以氮气置换空气三次后， 通入氢 气， 使氢气压力达到 2 ~ 20个大气压， 升温到 40°C ~ 120°C反应 2 ~ 15小时， 反应完毕后过滤， 滤液保留；
( 2 )所得滤液加质量分数为 20 ~ 36.5%的盐酸水解， 所加入的 盐酸中 HC1的物质的量为 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 (III)的物质 的量的 1.0 ~ 2.0倍， 在常温下反应为 5小时后， 反应液先减压浓缩 至溶剂基本蒸完， 加入质量约为 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 (ΙΠ) 质量 2倍的水， 冷却至 5°C ~ 10°C , 搅拌 30分钟， 抽滤， 滤渣用少 量冷乙醇洗涤， 得类白色固体即所述的奥卡西平。
与现有技术相比， 本发明的有益效果体现在：
a)本发明以 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂为起始原料， 经氢气 还原、浓盐酸水解制得奥卡西平产品， 从原料上避免了一些可能导致 环保安全隐患的物质的使用；
b)本发明采用一锅法操作， 工艺筒单合理、 反应收率高、 产品纯 度好。
综上， 本发明所述的奥卡西平的合成方法工艺筒单合理、反应收 率高、 产品纯度好、 基本无三废， 适于工业化生产。
(四 )具体实施方式：
以下以具体实施例来说明本发明的技术方案， 但本发明的保护范 围不限于此：
下列实施例 1-18使用的雷尼镍催化剂为诸暨市华能催化剂有限 公司生产的 RTH-2110型号的雷尼镍； 实施例 1-16使用的浓盐酸为 质量分数 36.5%的盐酸。
实施例 1
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5H二苯并氮杂 （下面筒称原料 III) 26.3 g(O.l mol), 雷尼镍的用量为 0.263g (为原料 III质量的 0.01倍） ， 有机溶剂为曱苯， 其用量为原料 ΠΙ质量的 10倍， 氢气压力为 5个 大气压。
在 500 mL压力釜反应器中， 投入以上的物料， 置换空气三次， 通氢气达到制定压力， 升温到 40°C, 还原反应 5小时， 反应完毕后， 过滤， 滤渣用 2倍于原料 III质量的溶剂清洗， 滤液合并， 滴加浓盐 酸的量为 8.3 mL (O.l mol) , 保温反应 5小时， 减压浓缩至溶剂基 本蒸完， 加水 50mL, 冷却至 5°C-10°C静置结晶， 搅拌 30分钟， 抽 滤， 少量冷乙醇洗涤， 得类白色固体即奥卡西平， 干燥即得成品 22.1g, 收率为 87.6%, 纯度为 99.0%。
实施例 2
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 （ III ) 26.3 g(0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 III质量的 0.02倍， 有机溶剂为曱苯， 其用量为原 料 III质量的 2倍， 氢气压力为 10个大气压， 浓盐酸中的 HC1的摩 尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 0.8倍。
还原反应温度为回流温度， 还原反应时间为 4小时， 水解反应 时间为 5小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 23.2g, 产品收率 92.0 % , 纯度 99.1 %。
实施例 3
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 （ III ) 26.3 g(0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 III质量的 0.10倍,有机溶剂为二氯曱烷， 其用量 为原料 III质量的 8倍， 氢气压力为 15个大气压， 浓盐酸中的 HC1 的摩尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 1.2倍。
还原反应温度为回流温度， 还原反应时间为 2小时， 水解反应 时间为 5小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 21.6g, 产品收率 85.7 % , 纯度 98.8 %。
实施例 4
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 （ III ) 26.3 g(0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 ΠΙ质量的 0.20倍，有机溶剂为乙酸乙酯， 其用量 为原料 III质量的 8倍， 氢气压力为 15个大气压， 浓盐酸中的 HC1 的摩尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 1.5倍。
还原反应温度为乙酸乙酯的回流温度， 还原反应时间为 10小时, 水解反应时间为 8小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 22.7g, 产品收率 90.0 % , 纯度 98.6 %。 实施例 5
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 （ III ) 26.3 g(0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 III质量的 0.20倍，有机溶剂为四氢呋喃， 其用量 为原料 III质量的 8倍， 氢气压力为 15个大气压， 浓盐酸中的 HC1 的摩尔数为原料 ΠΙ摩尔数的 2倍。
还原反应温度为四氢呋喃的回流温度， 还原反应时间为 10小时， 水解反应时间为 8小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 22.4g, 产品收率 88.9 % , 纯度 98.9 %。
实施例 6
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 （ III ) 26.3 g(0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 ΠΙ质量的 0.20倍，有机溶剂为 2-曱基四氢呋喃， 其用量为原料 III质量的 20倍， 氢气压力为 20个大气压， 浓盐酸中 的 HC1的摩尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 1.5倍。
还原反应温度为 2-曱基四氢呋喃的回流温度， 还原反应时间为 15小时， 水解反应时间为 10小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西 平 22.0g, 产品收率 87.3 % , 纯度 99.0 % 。
实施例 7
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 （ III ) 26.3 g(0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 ΠΙ质量的 0.20倍，有机溶剂为曱醇， 其用量为原 料 III质量的 10倍， 氢气压力为 10个大气压， 浓盐酸中的 HC1的摩 尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 1.5倍。
还原反应温度为曱醇的回流温度， 还原反应时间为 8小时， 水 解反应时间为 10小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 23.0g, 产 品收率 91.2 % , 纯度 99.1 % 。
实施例 8
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 （ III ) 26.3 g(0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 ΠΙ质量的 0.20倍，有机溶剂为乙醇， 其用量为原 料 III质量的 10倍， 氢气压力为 10个大气压， 浓盐酸中的 HC1的摩 尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 1.5倍。
还原反应温度为乙醇的回流温度， 还原反应时间为 8小时， 水 解反应时间为 8小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 22.7g, 产 品收率 90.0 % , 纯度 99.0 % 。
实施例 9
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 （ III ) 26.3 g(0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 ΠΙ质量的 0.20倍，有机溶剂为异丙醇， 其用量为 原料 III质量的 10倍， 氢气压力为 10个大气压， 浓盐酸中的 HC1的 摩尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 1.5倍。
还原反应温度为异丙醇的回流温度， 还原反应时间为 10小时， 水解反应时间为 8小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 22.5g, 产品收率 89.20 % , 纯度 98.7 %。
实施例 10
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 （ III ) 26.3 g(0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 ΠΙ质量的 0.30倍，有机溶剂为丙酮， 其用量为原 料 III质量的 10倍， 氢气压力为 10个大气压， 浓盐酸中的 HC1的摩 尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 1.5倍。
还原反应温度为丙酮的回流温度， 还原反应时间为 12小时， 水 解反应时间为 8小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 22.8g, 产 品收率 90.4 % , 纯度 99.2 % 。
实施例 11
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 ( III ) 26.3 g (0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 ΠΙ质量的 0.30倍，有机溶剂为硝基曱烷， 其用量 为原料 III质量的 10倍， 氢气压力为 10个大气压， 浓盐酸中的 HC1 的摩尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 1.0倍。
还原反应温度为硝基曱烷的回流温度， 还原反应时间为 6小时， 水解反应时间为 8小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 23. lg, 产品收率 91.6 % , 純度 99.0 % 。
实施例 12
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 ( III ) 26.3 g (0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 ΠΙ质量的 0.30倍，有机溶剂为硝基， 其用量为原 料 III质量的 10倍， 氢气压力为 5个大气压， 浓盐酸中的 HC1的摩 尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 3.0倍。
还原反应温度为 120 °C , 还原反应时间为 6小时， 水解反应时 间为 5小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 22.3g , 产品收率 88.4 % , 纯度 98.6 %。
实施例 13
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 ( III ) 26.3 g (0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 III质量的 0.30倍，有机溶剂为曱苯， 其用量为原 料 III质量的 20倍， 氢气压力为 10个大气压， 浓盐酸中的 HC1的摩 尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 2.0倍。
还原反应温度为曱苯的回流温度， 还原反应时间为 12小时， 水 解反应时间为 10小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 23.0g, 产 品收率 91.2 % , 纯度 98.7 % 。
实施例 14
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 ( III ) 26.3 g (0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 III质量的 0.30倍，有机溶剂为曱苯， 其用量为原 料 III质量的 10倍， 氢气压力为 5个大气压， 浓盐酸中的 HC1的摩 尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 3.0倍。
还原反应温度为 40 QC, 还原反应时间为 15小时， 水解反应时 间为 10小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 21.6g, 产品收率 85.7 % , 纯度 98.5 %。
实施例 15
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 ( III ) 26.3 g (0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 III质量的 0.50倍，有机溶剂为曱苯， 其用量为原 料 III质量的 10倍， 氢气压力为 5个大气压， 浓盐酸中的 HC1的摩 尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 3.0倍。
还原反应温度为 40 QC, 还原反应时间为 15小时， 水解反应时 间为 5小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 21.8g , 产品收率 86.5 % , 纯度 98.6 %。 实施例 16
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 ( III ) 26.3 g (0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 III质量的 0.40倍，有机溶剂为曱苯， 其用量为原 料 III质量的 10倍， 氢气压力为 10个大气压， 浓盐酸中的 HC1的摩 尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 0.8倍。
还原反应温度为 80 °C , 还原反应时间为 15小时， 水解反应时 间为 8小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 22.8g , 产品收率 90.4 % , 纯度 98.9 %。
实施例 17
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 ( III ) 26.3 g (0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 ΠΙ质量的 0.30倍，有机溶剂为曱醇， 其用量为原 料 III质量的 10倍， 氢气压力为 10个大气压， 20%盐酸（质量分数） 中的 HC1的摩尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 1.2倍。
还原反应温度为回流温度， 还原反应时间为 10小时， 水解反应 时间为 10小时， 其它操作同实施例 1 , 得奥卡西平 23.6g, 产品收率 93.6 % , 纯度 98.9 %。
实施例 18
投料量 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 ( III ) 26.3 g (0.1 mol),雷 尼镍的用量为原料 ΠΙ质量的 0.20倍，有机溶剂为曱醇， 其用量为原 料 III质量的 8倍， 氢气压力为 15个大气压， 20%盐酸（质量分数） 中的 HC1的摩尔数为原料 III摩尔数的 1.5倍。
还原反应温度为回流温度， 还原反应时间为 12小时， 水解反应 时间为 10小时， 其它操作同实施例 1, 得奥卡西平 23.8g, 产品收率 94.4 % , 纯度 99.0%。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种结构如式 (I)所示的奥卡西平的化学合成方法， 其特征在于所 述的方法为： 在反应器中加入结构如式 (III)所示的 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂、雷尼镍催化剂和有机溶剂， 通入氢气， 使氢气压力达 到 2 ~ 20个大气压， 控制温度在 40°C ~ 120°C进行还原反应， 充分反 应后过滤， 所得滤液加质量分数为 20 ~ 36.5%的盐酸水解， 充分水 解后反应液经浓缩、 冷却结晶得到所述的奥卡西平；
Figure imgf000015_0001
2、 如权利要求 1所述的奥卡西平的化学合成方法， 其特征在于所述 的有机溶剂为下列之一： 二氯曱烷、曱醇、乙醇、曱苯、乙酸乙酯、硝基 苯、 丙酮、 四氢呋喃、 2-曱基四氢呋喃、 硝基曱烷。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的奥卡西平的化学合成方法， 其特征在于所述 的雷尼镍催化剂的用量为 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 (III)质量的 0.01 ~ 0.50倍。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的奥卡西平的化学合成方法， 其特征在于所述 的盐酸中的 HC1与 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 (III)的物质的量比 为 0.8 ~ 3.0: 1。
5、 如权利要求 2所述的奥卡西平的化学合成方法， 其特征在于所述 的有机溶剂质量用量为 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 (III)质量的 2 ~ 20倍。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的奥卡西平的化学合成方法， 其特征在于所述 的还原反应时间为 2 ~ 15小时。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的奥卡西平的化学合成方法， 其特征在于所述 的水解反应条件为： 在常温下反应 5 ~ 10小时。
8、 如权利要求 1所述的奥卡西平的化学合成方法， 其特征在于所述 的雷尼镍催化剂中镍含量在 40 ~ 90%。
9、如权利要求 1 ~ 8之一所述的奥卡西平的化学合成方法， 其特征在 于充分水解后， 反应液先减压浓缩至溶剂基本蒸完， 加入质量约为 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 (III)质量 2倍的水， 冷却至 5°C- 10°C, 搅拌 30分钟， 抽滤， 滤渣用少量冷乙醇洗涤， 得类白色固体 即所述的奥卡西平。
10、如权利要求 5所述的奥卡西平的化学合成方法， 其特征在于所述 的合成反应按照如下步骤进行：
( 1 )在反应器中加入结构如式 (III)所示的 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯 并氮杂、雷尼镍催化剂和有机溶剂， 所述的雷尼镍催化剂中镍含量为 40 ~ 90 % , 所述雷尼镍催化剂的用量为 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并 氮杂 (III)质量的 0.05 ~ 0.30倍； 以氮气置换空气三次后， 通入氢气， 使氢气压力达到 2 ~ 20个大气压， 升温到 40°C ~ 120°C反应 2 - 15小 时， 反应完毕后过滤， 滤液保留；
( 2 )所得滤液加质量分数在 20 ~ 36.5%的盐酸水解， 所加入的盐酸 中 HC1的物质的量为 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 H二苯并氮杂 (III)的物质的量 的 1·0~2·0倍， 在常温下反应为 5小时后， 反应液先减压浓缩至溶 剂基本蒸完， 加入质量约为 5-氰基 -11-硝基 -5 Η二苯并氮杂 (III)质量 2倍的水， 冷却至 5°C~10°C, 搅拌 30分钟， 抽滤， 滤渣用少量冷
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CN108101844A (zh) * 2018-03-14 2018-06-01 常州沃腾化工科技有限公司 10,11-二氢-10氧代-5H-二苯并[b,f]氮杂*-5-甲酰胺的制备方法
CN110563652B (zh) * 2018-06-06 2021-01-22 新发药业有限公司 一种中间体化合物、卡马西平及其衍生物及奥卡西平及其衍生物的制备方法
CN111285805A (zh) * 2018-12-10 2020-06-16 重庆圣华曦药业股份有限公司 一种奥卡西平的制备方法

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