WO2009156827A1 - Pylône en treillis évolutif et ses composants - Google Patents

Pylône en treillis évolutif et ses composants Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009156827A1
WO2009156827A1 PCT/IB2009/006035 IB2009006035W WO2009156827A1 WO 2009156827 A1 WO2009156827 A1 WO 2009156827A1 IB 2009006035 W IB2009006035 W IB 2009006035W WO 2009156827 A1 WO2009156827 A1 WO 2009156827A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
basic
additional
diagonal braces
lattice tower
tower
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2009/006035
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2009156827A8 (fr
Inventor
Johannes Cornellus NORTJÉ
Original Assignee
Hedinger, Johan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hedinger, Johan filed Critical Hedinger, Johan
Priority to BRPI0914329A priority Critical patent/BRPI0914329A2/pt
Priority to CN2009801238809A priority patent/CN102076921A/zh
Priority to US13/000,946 priority patent/US20110126488A1/en
Publication of WO2009156827A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009156827A1/fr
Publication of WO2009156827A8 publication Critical patent/WO2009156827A8/fr
Priority to ZA2011/00154A priority patent/ZA201100154B/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
    • E04H12/08—Structures made of specified materials of metal
    • E04H12/10—Truss-like structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1207—Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an upgradable lattice tower of the general type commonly used for supporting elevated loads that often assume the form of wireless transmission equipment, especially wireless transmitters and antenna.
  • the principles of the invention are, however, also applicable to other lattice towers such as may be used for the purpose of supporting water tanks or the like, or any other elevated loads, and such lattice towers are intended to fall within the scope of this invention.
  • the invention also relates to components of such lattice towers.
  • lattice tower as used in this specification is intended to mean a tower having a latticed framework type of structure typically comprising generally upright leg elements (that may converge somewhat over at least a generally lower part of the height of the tower) that are generally arranged in plan view at the comers of a polygon, most commonly a square or triangle, and interconnecting horizontal struts and diagonal braces interconnecting the leg elements.
  • tower structures are employed for the purpose of supporting wireless transmission equipment with a monopole being typically favoured for relatively low heights and lattice towers being favoured for their cost effectiveness for higher applications, typically tower heights in the range of from 20 to 100 metres.
  • Wireless telecommunications traffic has increased dramatically in recent times and added to cell phones are wireless Internet communications and other protocols such as WiMAX and Wi-Fi. This has resulted in a tremendous increase in wireless traffic.
  • Tower structures used to support wireless transmission equipment are designed to carry predetermined loads, and for reasons of cost, it is not generally practical to construct towers that can support unknown additional loads at a later date.
  • the load on a tower is determined inter alia by the weight of the wireless transmission equipment, in particular antennas, and the external forces that may be expected to be exerted on the equipment and tower by the elements, in particular wind, snow and ice.
  • a lattice tower comprising generally upright leg elements (that may converge somewhat over at least a generally lower part of the height of the tower) that are arranged in plan view at the corners of a polygon with horizontal struts and diagonal braces interconnecting the leg elements, the lattice tower being characterised in that it has associated therewith a first and basic arrangement of leg elements (herein termed basic leg elements), horizontal struts (herein termed basic horizontal struts) and diagonal braces (herein termed basic diagonal braces) providing a first and basic predetermined load carrying capacity of the tower and wherein at least selected basic leg elements and/or basic horizontal struts and/or basic diagonal braces are provided with attachment formations whereby additional leg elements and/or additional horizontal struts and/or additional diagonal braces may be secured to the basic leg elements and/or basic horizontal struts and/or basic diagonal braces to provide an increased predetermined load carrying capacity of the lattice tower.
  • basic leg elements herein termed basic leg elements
  • leg elements, horizontal struts and diagonal braces to all be of a standard metal section, typically an angle section with the various leg elements, horizontal struts and diagonal braces having the same or different cross-sectional dimensions; for the attachment of each of the leg elements to each other and to the horizontal struts and diagonal braces to be by way of bolts and, as appropriate, connecting plates in which instance the attachment formations whereby additional leg elements and/or additional horizontal struts and/or additional diagonal braces may be secured to the basic leg elements and/or basic horizontal struts and/or basic diagonal braces are holes for accommodating bolts passing therethrough; and for the components of the lattice tower to be reversible as regards their ends.
  • Still further features of the invention provide for the components of the lattice tower to be pre-marked as regards which component is to be attached to another component, such marking optionally involving the use of colour coding and/or numbering; for predetermined sets of additional components to be designed to provide predetermined increases in the predetermined load carrying capacity of the tower such that one, and preferably at least two, predetermined stages of upgrade are provided; for an upgrade to include a stepwise addition of foundation material to a foundation of the basic lattice tower; and for the lattice tower to have three or four symmetrically arranged legs.
  • An upgrade may be achieved by the introduction of additional struts and additional diagonal braces that have the effect of reducing, typically halving, the span or buckling length of the basic components.
  • An upgrade may also be achieved through doubling up of predetermined leg elements, predetermined horizontal struts and diagonal braces using parallel offset additional leg elements, additional horizontal struts and additional diagonal braces.
  • holes for bolts in the leg sections are all located with a constant backmarking so that angle sections of different cross-sectional sizes can have their corners aligned both longitudinally (in butted end on end relationship) and in juxtaposed relationship.
  • a foot arrangement for each leg may comprise an anchor plate with a foot for the basic leg sections and an additional attachment for additional leg sections.
  • a foot arrangement for each leg may comprise an anchor plate composed of a plurality of separate parts each having at least one attachment hole and upstanding flanges between which flanges of an end of a leg section may be secured so that the separate parts of the anchor plate are secured together in use.
  • a system for the upgrading of the load carrying capacity of a lattice tower wherein a basic arrangement of leg elements (herein termed basic leg elements), horizontal struts (herein termed basic horizontal struts) and diagonal braces (herein termed basic diagonal braces) may be assembled that is designed to provide a first and basic predetermined load carrying capacity of a lattice tower and wherein one or more increased load carrying capacities of the tower may be implemented by adding to the basic arrangement at least selected additional leg elements and/or additional horizontal struts and/or additional diagonal braces and that may be secured to the basic leg elements and/or basic horizontal struts and/or basic diagonal braces to provide one or more predetermined increased load carrying capacities of the tower.
  • basic leg elements herein termed basic leg elements
  • horizontal struts herein termed basic horizontal struts
  • diagonal braces herein termed basic diagonal braces
  • the invention also provides components of a lattice tower that are particularly adapted for use in a lattice tower or system as defined above.
  • a first upgrade may be achieved by the introduction of additional struts and additional diagonal braces that have the effect of halving the span or buckling length of the basic components and by adding to an existing cement foundation platform.
  • a second upgrade may be achieved through doubling up of predetermined leg elements and predetermined horizontal struts and diagonal braces using parallel offset additional leg elements, additional horizontal struts and additional diagonal braces and by adding further to the foundation platform.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating one embodiment of lattice tower to which the invention has been applied;
  • Figure 2 is a front elevation thereof
  • Figure 3 is a front elevation thereof after having a first upgrade has been applied thereto;
  • Figure 4 is a front elevation of after having a second upgrade applied has been a thereto;
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged elevation of the lower part of the lattice tower illustrated in Figures 1 and 2;
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged elevation of an upper part of the lattice tower illustrated in Figures 1 and 2;
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged elevation of the lower part of the lattice tower illustrated in Figure 3 with the first upgrade applied thereto;
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged elevation of an upper part of the lattice tower illustrated in Figure 3 with the first upgrade applied thereto;
  • Figure 9 is an enlarged perspective view of the lower part of the lattice tower illustrated in Figures 3 and 7 with the first upgrade applied thereto;
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged perspective view of an upper part of the lattice tower illustrated in Figures 3 and 8 with the first upgrade applied thereto;
  • Figure 11 is an enlarged elevation of the lower part of the lattice tower illustrated in Figure 4 with the second upgrade applied thereto;
  • Figure 12 is an enlarged elevation of an upper part of the lattice tower illustrated in Figure 4 with the second upgrade applied thereto;
  • Figure 13 is an enlarged perspective view of the lower part of the lattice tower illustrated in Figures 4 and 11 with the second upgrade applied thereto;
  • Figure 14 is an enlarged perspective view of an upper part of the lattice tower illustrated in Figures 4 and 12 with the second upgrade applied thereto;
  • Figure 15 is a more enlarged perspective view illustrating one upgradable foot of the tower
  • Figure 16 is a schematic end view of a leg section having the second upgrade applied thereto;
  • Figure 17 is a more enlarged perspective view corresponding to Figure 14 and showing more clearly the horizontal struts to which a second upgrade has been applied;
  • Figure 18 is a perspective view of an alternative foot arrangement (with all fasteners removed) without a second upgrade leg section attached thereto;
  • Figure 19 the same as Figure 18 but with a second upgrade leg section attached thereto;
  • Figure 20 is a perspective view of the foot shown in Figure 19 from the outside thereof; and, Figure 21 is a perspective view of the foot shown in Figure 19 from the inside thereof.
  • first and second upgrades are not intended to mean an order in which the upgrades should be applied to a basic lattice tower and indeed components described as belonging to a second upgrade can be applied before components that are described as belonging to the first upgrade.
  • the order of upgrading is thus dependent on the increase in load bearing capacity to be achieved and the design of the lattice tower
  • lattice towers produced according to the invention are as follows:
  • the complete structure is preferably assembled using one common size of nut and bolt and using a number of common predrilled connector plates as may be required. No welding whatsoever is thus required at any stage, either during initial erection or later upgrading.
  • the components of a lattice tower can thus be flat packed and transported at low cost. All components are pre-drilled with all holes necessary to secure not only the components of the basic lattice tower together, but also to attach any additional components necessary in order to achieve a first and/or second upgrade as described in more detail below.
  • the components are all symmetrical so that the ends are reversible and the components can easily be manufactured using CNC punching techniques. All components are common in this preferred implementation of the invention, made of angle iron that is typically galvanised or otherwise surface treated to inhibit corrosion. As regards the leg sections, it is also convenient to bend these from flat metal plate cut to the required shape followed by bending the desired section of the legs. Thus, for a three legged structure the metal plate may be bent along a longitudinal line so that the two flanges extend at an angle of about 60° to each other to correspond roughly sides of the triangular lattice tower whilst in the instance of it square cross-section tower into planters can extend at about 90° to each other.
  • the holes in the leg sections are all located with a constant backmarking (that is a fixed distance from the corner or toe-end of the angle section) so that angle sections of different cross-sectional sizes can have their corners aligned both longitudinally (in butted end on end relationship) and in juxtaposed relationship.
  • This also enables connector plates to be used to connect collinear leg sections that are standard to all the joints, irrespective of whether the same size of angle section is used or not.
  • the constant back marking ensures that the legs remain in line.
  • This has obvious advantages when analyzing the strength of the tower. For example, if it is decided to use a larger profile angle iron on a doubled up section of the legs (to increase the load bearing capacity even further), the larger profile can be accommodated due to the constant back mark without the larger profile interfering with other components of the structure. All the struts, braces and leg elements may be pre-marked, numbered, and optionally colour-coded in order to facilitate on-site assembly.
  • a lattice tower is constructed from components made and bolted together as described above and comprises generally upright basic leg elements (2) that converge somewhat over a lower part of the height of the tower and that are arranged in plan view at the corners of a square, in this instance.
  • the leg elements are interconnected by a series of vertically spaced basic horizontal struts (3) and basic diagonal braces (4).
  • the general dimensions of such a tower are widely variable but simply by way of example, in the instance of a 45 metre high lattice tower, the footprint could be a square having a side of about 5 metres.
  • the leg elements are preferably about 2 metres long and using conventional design principles, thus provides for a maximum length of diagonal brace of about 3.7 metres.
  • the attachment of collinear leg elements to each other is achieved using suitable connector plates and multiple bolts securing the connector plates to the flanges of the leg elements that are arranged in butt joint fashion.
  • Each of the lowermost leg elements (2), as shown in Figure 5, is supported by a concrete foundation (5) by way of a foot (6) that is itself anchored to the foundation.
  • the basic lattice tower is the simplest form of the tower and all the components are provided with additional holes for receiving bolts and that may be required in order to achieve the upgrades described below.
  • a first upgrade may be achieved by introducing additional horizontal struts (7) and additional diagonal braces (8) at predetermined positions selected to provide the required increased load carrying capacity of the lattice tower. Effectively these additional horizontal struts and additional diagonal braces, at least in this embodiment of the invention, have the effect of halving the unsupported span or buckling length of the associated components to which they are attached.
  • the first upgrade also involves the addition of foundation material (9) that is appropriate to the additional load to be accommodated by the upgraded lattice tower, particularly the cantilever load imposed on the tower by wind forces.
  • a second upgrade may be achieved by doubling up on predetermined basic leg elements, predetermined basic horizontal struts and predetermined basic diagonal braces using parallel offset additional leg elements (10), additional horizontal struts (11 ), and additional diagonal braces (12) and by adding yet another quantity of concrete (13) to the foundation platform.
  • the additional leg elements are orientated with the corners (14) of the angle sections spaced apart and the flanges (15) extending in opposite directions. Securing of the additional leg elements to the basic leg elements is achieved using flat connector plates (16) orientated alternately at 90° to each other and spaced apart appropriately to provide composite leg section having the required strength.
  • each foot (6) is prefabricated with an additional angle sectioned attachment (17) that enables the additional leg element to be secured in butt end relationship with it, and thus to the foundation, as in the case of the lowermost basic leg element. Both the original foot (6) and the additional angle sectioned attachment (17) are thus both secured to the usual anchor plate (18) that is secured in the normal way to the foundation.
  • the gap between the corners of the leg elements allows for optimal force transfer between the inner and outer legs. This space also creates space for supporting brackets for existing and future antenna and other transmission equipment. It is to be noted that existing antennas and other transmission equipment are not affected when adding additional leg elements As shown most clearly in Figure 17, doubling up of a horizontal strut is achieved by bolting an oppositely directed angle section of the additional horizontal strut (11 ) to the outside of the supporting flange of the associated basic leg element using the same bolts as are used to secure the basic horizontal strut (3) to the inside of the same supporting flange.
  • the foot described with particular reference to Figures 15 and 16 is a substantially conventional foot arrangement adapted for upgrading in accordance with this invention.
  • problems are sometimes experienced with corrosion of foot arrangements and considerable difficulty may be experienced in replacing such a foot arrangement. It may therefore, in view of the anticipated longer service life of a basic lattice tower made according to the present invention, be preferred to use the foot arrangement described below with reference to Figures 18 to 21 of the accompanying drawings, in spite of the fact that it may be more costly.
  • the conventional anchor plate that has four holes for attachment to foundation anchors is composed of four separate parts (20, 21 , 22, 23) each of which has one attachment hole and upstanding attachment flanges secured to its edges that are adjacent, in the assembled condition, an edge of an adjacent part of the composite anchor plate. Because the lowermost leg section is inclined to the vertical, and also in order to provide attachment points for diagonal braces, each of the four parts of this attachment flange arrangement is different.
  • the innermost part (20) of the composite anchor plate has attached to it extended attachment flanges (24) that have provision not only for securing the lower end of a lowermost leg section (2) between them and attachment flanges (25) on the two lateral parts (21, 22) of the composite anchor plate, but also for the lower ends of diagonal braces (4), as shown in Figure 21.
  • the outermost part (23) of the composite anchor plate has attachment flanges (26) only for attachment to a lowermost second upgrade leg section (10). It will be understood that with this foot arrangement, replacement of individual parts thereof is substantially facilitated when compared to replacement of a foot arrangement as described with reference to Figures 15 and 16. It is to be mentioned that shims (27) may be used between the adjacent flanges in between which the leg sections are clamped in order to accommodate varying thicknesses of leg section and also, possibly, construction tolerances.
  • the four parts making up a foot arrangement of this type can be fabricated by cutting and welding processes or they can be made as integral parts, the example by steel casting procedures.
  • Exercise of the invention also enables any component showing signs of corrosion to be removed and replaced as and when appropriate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Cable Installation (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un pylône en treillis (1) comportant des éléments de support globalement verticaux disposés dans une vue en plan aux angles d’un polygone avec des contrefiches horizontales et des jambes de force diagonales en intersection avec les éléments de support. Le pylône en treillis présente un premier agencement d’éléments de support de base (2), des contrefiches horizontales de base (3) et des jambes de force diagonales de base (4) fournissant une première capacité de charge de base prédéterminée du pylône. Des éléments sélectionnés de supports de base et/ou de contrefiches horizontales de base et/ou de jambes de force diagonales de base sont prévus pour des formations de fixation permettant la solidarisation d’éléments de supports additionnels (10) et/ou de contrefiches horizontales additionnelles (7) et/ou de jambes de force diagonales additionnelles (8) avec les éléments sélectionnés de supports de base et/ou de contrefiches horizontales de base et/ou de jambes de force diagonales de base pour fournir une capacité de charge prédéterminée accrue du pylône en treillis.
PCT/IB2009/006035 2008-06-24 2009-06-23 Pylône en treillis évolutif et ses composants WO2009156827A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BRPI0914329A BRPI0914329A2 (pt) 2008-06-24 2009-06-23 torre em treliça, sistema para aumentar a capacidade de suporte de carga de uma torre em treliça, e, componentes de uma torre em treliça em forma de kit
CN2009801238809A CN102076921A (zh) 2008-06-24 2009-06-23 可升级格构式塔架及其部件
US13/000,946 US20110126488A1 (en) 2008-06-24 2009-06-23 Upgradable lattice tower and components thereof
ZA2011/00154A ZA201100154B (en) 2008-06-24 2011-01-06 Upgradable lattice tower and components thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA200805491 2008-06-24
ZA2008/05491 2008-06-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009156827A1 true WO2009156827A1 (fr) 2009-12-30
WO2009156827A8 WO2009156827A8 (fr) 2010-04-01

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2009/006035 WO2009156827A1 (fr) 2008-06-24 2009-06-23 Pylône en treillis évolutif et ses composants

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20110126488A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102076921A (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0914329A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009156827A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201100154B (fr)

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CN108060818B (zh) * 2017-11-24 2019-10-22 安徽电通通信工程有限公司 一种双体式通信塔
CN109209004B (zh) * 2018-09-25 2020-07-31 中化二建集团第三安装工程有限公司 超高焊接型格构式塔架的施工方法

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WO2012089908A1 (fr) * 2010-12-28 2012-07-05 Pertti Niemi Mât à structure croisée
CN102102643A (zh) * 2011-03-31 2011-06-22 哈尔滨工业大学 风力发电机组用格构式空心钢管混凝土塔架
EP2759661A1 (fr) * 2011-09-08 2014-07-30 Linden Comansa, S.L. Tour modulaire
EP2759661A4 (fr) * 2011-09-08 2015-02-11 Linden Comansa S L Tour modulaire
FR3010114A1 (fr) * 2013-09-03 2015-03-06 Eddie Vigon Structure verticale pour support de panneaux
EP3430209A4 (fr) * 2016-03-15 2019-11-13 Piling And Concreting Australia (PCA) Pty Ltd Capuchon en acier destiné à une tour de transmission d'électricité
AU2017234380B2 (en) * 2016-03-15 2020-07-30 Micropile Holdings Pty Ltd A steel cap for an electricity transmission tower
EP3527752A1 (fr) * 2018-02-08 2019-08-21 Sociedad Española de Montajes Industriales, S.A. Procédé de construction pour construire des tours

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CN102076921A (zh) 2011-05-25
BRPI0914329A2 (pt) 2015-10-13
ZA201100154B (en) 2012-12-27
WO2009156827A8 (fr) 2010-04-01
US20110126488A1 (en) 2011-06-02

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