US2145232A - Steel tower member - Google Patents
Steel tower member Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2145232A US2145232A US150136A US15013637A US2145232A US 2145232 A US2145232 A US 2145232A US 150136 A US150136 A US 150136A US 15013637 A US15013637 A US 15013637A US 2145232 A US2145232 A US 2145232A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tower
- members
- leg
- web
- flanges
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
- E04H12/08—Structures made of specified materials of metal
- E04H12/10—Truss-like structures
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to structural steel towers, such as oil well derricks, wind-mill, wind-power, and transmission towers, vertical radiators, and the like. More particularly, my pres- 5 ent invention relates to'certain new and useful improvements in some of the tower-forming members and has for its primary object the 'provision of tower-forming members so co-operatively formed and shaped as to enable assembly and erection of a rigid, strong, durable tower on the ground, as it is said, quickly, expeditiously, conveniently, economically, with the consumption of little labor, and with the elimination of the usual drilling, fitting, and riveting operations in the field or on the ground.
- Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the lower portion of a steel tower embodying in its construction leg-members of my invention
- Figure 2 is a front'elevational View portion of the tower
- Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary horizontal sectional view of the tower, taken approximately along the line 3-3, Figure 1;-
- Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary elevational view, illustrating a leg-joint of the tower
- Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view of a legjoint, taken approximately along the line 55, Figure 4;
- Figure 6 is an enlarged fragmentary front elevational view, illustrating the top leg-joint of the tower.
- Figure '7 is a horizontal sectional view of the top leg-joint, taken approximately along the line 1--'I, Figure 6.
- the present tower is preferably in the form of a three-sided structure and, accordingly, in the present instance, comprises three upstanding legs A preferably in converging relation, as shown, each formed preferably of a series of endwise connected or joined structural steel or other metallic members I transversely inter-connected in tower-formation by a plurality of vertically spaced, horizontally disposed girts B and intermediate struts C, each of the legs A being embedded at its lower extremity, as at D,'in the ground or in a conventionally formed concrete foundation or footing,
- Each of the leg-members I which are preferably fabricated in any convenient lengths and of any desirable size, thickness, and strength, includes integrally a central longitudinally extend- Ing web a and opposed longitudinally extending flanges b, b', projecting angularly outwardly from the opposite longitudinal margins of the web a, the planes of the flanges b, b, being, respectively, disposed at angles of approximately 120 from the plane of the web a and, correspondingly, at an angle of a proximately 60 to each other, and each of the flanges b, 6', being preferably at the mill or foundry provided with a plurality of lon-' gitudinally spaced transversely aligned apertures 0, c, as best seen in Figure 3 and for purposes presently appearing.
- Each of the leg-members I is further symmetrically transversely enlarged or bulged, as at d, for a short distance inwardly of its one extremity, as best seen in Figure 4, so as to fit overlappingly upon, and precisely conform at its inner face e with the outer face e of, the normal end 11 of the next adjacent leg-member I, to which it is attached or united in the formation of the tower, as best seen in Figures 4 and 5, the amount of the enlargement d of the end-portion of each member I being preferably such that the connected or united membersjl of a leg A will be substantially in axial alignment except at the specific joints therebetween.
- legforming members I may be endwise bolted or joined together in the formation of a substantially unitary leg A of desired length, the component members I being all substantially in axial alignment. It has been found that this unique type of joint structure results in considerably decreased shear stresses against the connecting bolts and an attendant increase in structural strength, rigidity, and durability.
- the girts B which are preferably in the form of flat or angle strips apertured at their respective opposite ends for bolt-accommodation, are preferably arranged in horizontally disposed, triangular sets, vertically spaced at suitable intervals upwardly of the tower A, each girt B being at its opposite extremities disposed fiatwise upon suitable gusset-plates G, which are, in turn, secured upon the flanges b, b, respectively, of the leg-members I, the flanges b, b, gusset-plates G, and girts B being most conveniently secured each to the other by bolts 2, 2', or other suitable attachment means inserted through the apertures c, c, as best seen in Figure 3.
- the girts B are hence angularly disposed in a horizontal plane with respect to each other at an angle of approximately 60, and it may be stated that the unique angular formation and relative arrangement of the leg-members I is such as not only to enable convenient placement of the strips B and C upon the flanges b of the respective leg-members I without any bending or distortion or the strips, but also to freely permit the insertion of the bolts 2 through the flanges b and the placement and threading thereupon of the securing nuts 3 without interference the one with the other.
- intermediate struts C which are also preferably in the form of flat or angle strips, are arranged in horizontally disposed triangular sets, positioned preferably midway between successive sets of girts, each intermediate strut C being at its extremities fitted upon and secured to the leg-members I in the same manner as the girts B.
- the tower is preferably further provided with a plurality of diagonally extendin wind-brace members 6, which are suitably bolted or otherwise secured to the leg-members I, preferably between the gusset-plates G and the girts B at the point of juncture between the struts B and the leg-members I, as best seen in Figures 1 and 3, a spacing washer or shim F being placed around the bolt 2' between the gusset-plates G and the girts B to compensate the thickness of the two overlying braces 6 around the other bolt 2, and it may again be stated in this connection that, by reason of the particular and unique crosssectional shape of the leg-members I, the attaching-bolts 2 may be readily tightened in place Without interference one with the other.
- each of the leg-forming members I of a set adjacent the upper end of a particular tower is bent intermediate its length, as shown at f, to provide a relatively short vertically sidedtop tower section s, and each of such leg-members I is also shaped at its upper extremity to receive and for jointed connection with a conventional form of stub tower. as best seen in Figures 2, 6, and '7.
- each legmember I at its upper extremity is upset or deformed, as at g, to have merely a conventional right angular cross-section, as at h, to accordingly conform, and for jointed connection, with a standard angle iron stub-tower, as will be understood.
- a conventional form of mounting ladder E may be bolted or otherwise secured vertically along one side of the tower for convenience in the installation of machinery, inspection, or other purpose.
- I providestructural members so uniquely co-operatively shaped and formed as described as to enable the erection quickly, economically, and inexpensively of an exceptionally strong, rigid tower, and which members may also be readily disassembled at minimum cost and with minimum labor.
- a metallic member having a central longitudinally extending web and a pair of opposed longitudinally extending flanges formed integrally with, and angularly extending divergently outwardly from, the web, the web having a width substantially equal to one-third the transverse distance between the outer margins of the flanges.
- a metallic member having a central longitudinally extending web and a pair of opposed longitudinally extending flanges formed integrally with, and extending outwardly from, the web at an angle of approximately 60 to each other, said web having a width substantially equal to onethird the transverse distance between the outer margins of the flanges.
- a structural steel member having a central longitudinally extending structural self-supporting web, and a pair of opposed longitudinally extending flanges formed integral with, and extending outwardly from, opposed margins of the web at an angle of approximately 120 to the web, said flanges being of substantially the same thickness as the web and said web having a width substantially equal to one-third the transverse distance between the outer margins of the flanges.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Suspension Of Electric Lines Or Cables (AREA)
Description
Jan. 31, 1939. c. BAUER I STEEL TOWER MEMBER Filed June 24, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet l Jan. 31, 1939. c BAUER STEEL TOWER MEMBER Filed June 24, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. Ga/{BM TTORNEY.
Patented Jan. 31, 1939 PATENT OFFICE STEEL TOWER MEMBER Carl Bauer, St. Louis, Mo., assignor to Missouri Rolling Mill Corporation, St. Louis, Mo., a corporation of Missouri Application June 24, 1937, Serial No. 150,136
3 Claims.
This invention relates generally to structural steel towers, such as oil well derricks, wind-mill, wind-power, and transmission towers, vertical radiators, and the like. More particularly, my pres- 5 ent invention relates to'certain new and useful improvements in some of the tower-forming members and has for its primary object the 'provision of tower-forming members so co-operatively formed and shaped as to enable assembly and erection of a rigid, strong, durable tower on the ground, as it is said, quickly, expeditiously, conveniently, economically, with the consumption of little labor, and with the elimination of the usual drilling, fitting, and riveting operations in the field or on the ground.
And with the above and other objects in view, my invention resides in the novel features of form, construction, arrangement, and combination of parts presently described and pointed out in the 30 claims.
In the accompanying drawings (2 sheets) Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the lower portion of a steel tower embodying in its construction leg-members of my invention;
Figure 2 is a front'elevational View portion of the tower;
Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary horizontal sectional view of the tower, taken approximately along the line 3-3, Figure 1;-
Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary elevational view, illustrating a leg-joint of the tower;
Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view of a legjoint, taken approximately along the line 55, Figure 4;
Figure 6 is an enlarged fragmentary front elevational view, illustrating the top leg-joint of the tower; and
Figure '7 is a horizontal sectional view of the top leg-joint, taken approximately along the line 1--'I, Figure 6.
Referring now in more detail and by reference characters to the drawings, which illustrate a preferred embodiment of my invention, the present tower is preferably in the form of a three-sided structure and, accordingly, in the present instance, comprises three upstanding legs A preferably in converging relation, as shown, each formed preferably of a series of endwise connected or joined structural steel or other metallic members I transversely inter-connected in tower-formation by a plurality of vertically spaced, horizontally disposed girts B and intermediate struts C, each of the legs A being embedded at its lower extremity, as at D,'in the ground or in a conventionally formed concrete foundation or footing,
of the upper as will be understood and as best seen in Figures 1 and 2.
Each of the leg-members I, which are preferably fabricated in any convenient lengths and of any desirable size, thickness, and strength, includes integrally a central longitudinally extend- Ing web a and opposed longitudinally extending flanges b, b', projecting angularly outwardly from the opposite longitudinal margins of the web a, the planes of the flanges b, b, being, respectively, disposed at angles of approximately 120 from the plane of the web a and, correspondingly, at an angle of a proximately 60 to each other, and each of the flanges b, 6', being preferably at the mill or foundry provided with a plurality of lon-' gitudinally spaced transversely aligned apertures 0, c, as best seen in Figure 3 and for purposes presently appearing.
Each of the leg-members I is further symmetrically transversely enlarged or bulged, as at d, for a short distance inwardly of its one extremity, as best seen in Figure 4, so as to fit overlappingly upon, and precisely conform at its inner face e with the outer face e of, the normal end 11 of the next adjacent leg-member I, to which it is attached or united in the formation of the tower, as best seen in Figures 4 and 5, the amount of the enlargement d of the end-portion of each member I being preferably such that the connected or united membersjl of a leg A will be substantially in axial alignment except at the specific joints therebetween.
Thus, it will be apparent that a plurality of legforming members I may be endwise bolted or joined together in the formation of a substantially unitary leg A of desired length, the component members I being all substantially in axial alignment. It has been found that this unique type of joint structure results in considerably decreased shear stresses against the connecting bolts and an attendant increase in structural strength, rigidity, and durability.
The girts B, which are preferably in the form of flat or angle strips apertured at their respective opposite ends for bolt-accommodation, are preferably arranged in horizontally disposed, triangular sets, vertically spaced at suitable intervals upwardly of the tower A, each girt B being at its opposite extremities disposed fiatwise upon suitable gusset-plates G, which are, in turn, secured upon the flanges b, b, respectively, of the leg-members I, the flanges b, b, gusset-plates G, and girts B being most conveniently secured each to the other by bolts 2, 2', or other suitable attachment means inserted through the apertures c, c, as best seen in Figure 3. The girts B are hence angularly disposed in a horizontal plane with respect to each other at an angle of approximately 60, and it may be stated that the unique angular formation and relative arrangement of the leg-members I is such as not only to enable convenient placement of the strips B and C upon the flanges b of the respective leg-members I without any bending or distortion or the strips, but also to freely permit the insertion of the bolts 2 through the flanges b and the placement and threading thereupon of the securing nuts 3 without interference the one with the other.
Likewise, the intermediate struts C, which are also preferably in the form of flat or angle strips, are arranged in horizontally disposed triangular sets, positioned preferably midway between successive sets of girts, each intermediate strut C being at its extremities fitted upon and secured to the leg-members I in the same manner as the girts B.
As shown, the tower is preferably further provided with a plurality of diagonally extendin wind-brace members 6, which are suitably bolted or otherwise secured to the leg-members I, preferably between the gusset-plates G and the girts B at the point of juncture between the struts B and the leg-members I, as best seen in Figures 1 and 3, a spacing washer or shim F being placed around the bolt 2' between the gusset-plates G and the girts B to compensate the thickness of the two overlying braces 6 around the other bolt 2, and it may again be stated in this connection that, by reason of the particular and unique crosssectional shape of the leg-members I, the attaching-bolts 2 may be readily tightened in place Without interference one with the other.
As best seen in Figure 2, each of the leg-forming members I of a set adjacent the upper end of a particular tower is bent intermediate its length, as shown at f, to provide a relatively short vertically sidedtop tower section s, and each of such leg-members I is also shaped at its upper extremity to receive and for jointed connection with a conventional form of stub tower. as best seen in Figures 2, 6, and '7. Since it is conventional practice to fabricate such stub towers from standard shaped angle iron, each legmember I at its upper extremity is upset or deformed, as at g, to have merely a conventional right angular cross-section, as at h, to accordingly conform, and for jointed connection, with a standard angle iron stub-tower, as will be understood.
If desired and as shown, a conventional form of mounting ladder E may be bolted or otherwise secured vertically along one side of the tower for convenience in the installation of machinery, inspection, or other purpose.
Thus, by my present invention, I providestructural members so uniquely co-operatively shaped and formed as described as to enable the erection quickly, economically, and inexpensively of an exceptionally strong, rigid tower, and which members may also be readily disassembled at minimum cost and with minimum labor.
It should be understood that changes and modifications in the form, construction, arrangement, and combination of the several members of the tower may be made and substituted for those herein shown and described without departing from the nature and principle of my invention.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,
1. A metallic member having a central longitudinally extending web and a pair of opposed longitudinally extending flanges formed integrally with, and angularly extending divergently outwardly from, the web, the web having a width substantially equal to one-third the transverse distance between the outer margins of the flanges.
2. A metallic member having a central longitudinally extending web and a pair of opposed longitudinally extending flanges formed integrally with, and extending outwardly from, the web at an angle of approximately 60 to each other, said web having a width substantially equal to onethird the transverse distance between the outer margins of the flanges.
3. A structural steel member having a central longitudinally extending structural self-supporting web, and a pair of opposed longitudinally extending flanges formed integral with, and extending outwardly from, opposed margins of the web at an angle of approximately 120 to the web, said flanges being of substantially the same thickness as the web and said web having a width substantially equal to one-third the transverse distance between the outer margins of the flanges.
CARL BAUER.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US150136A US2145232A (en) | 1937-06-24 | 1937-06-24 | Steel tower member |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US150136A US2145232A (en) | 1937-06-24 | 1937-06-24 | Steel tower member |
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US2145232A true US2145232A (en) | 1939-01-31 |
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US150136A Expired - Lifetime US2145232A (en) | 1937-06-24 | 1937-06-24 | Steel tower member |
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Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2761531A (en) * | 1951-02-19 | 1956-09-04 | Beatty Bros Ltd | Sectional mast |
US3959946A (en) * | 1973-06-27 | 1976-06-01 | Electric Power Transmission Pty. Limited | Pole structure |
FR2642141A1 (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1990-07-27 | Pechiney Aluminium | Metal section for a supporting structure and structure thus obtained |
US6108996A (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 2000-08-29 | Mcginnis; Henry J. | Apparatus and method for retrofitting towers exchanger |
US20060277843A1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-12-14 | Tracy Livingston | Structural tower |
US20070095008A1 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-05-03 | General Electric Company | Wind turbine assembly tower and method for constructing the same |
US20070151194A1 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2007-07-05 | Tracy Livingston | Lifting system and apparatus for constructing wind turbine towers |
US20080078083A1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-04-03 | Tracy Livingston | Drive pin system for a wind turbine structural tower |
US20080080946A1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-04-03 | Tracy Livingston | Expansion pin system for a wind turbine structural tower |
US20080078128A1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-04-03 | Tracy Livingston | Lifting system and apparatus for constructing and enclosing wind turbine towers |
US20090294219A1 (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-03 | David Oliphant | Wind tower service lift |
US20090308006A1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-17 | Tindall Corporation | Base support for wind-driven power generators |
US20100242406A1 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-09-30 | Wind Tower Systems, Llc | Structural shape for wind tower members |
US20110126488A1 (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2011-06-02 | Johan Hedinger | Upgradable lattice tower and components thereof |
US20110265419A1 (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2011-11-03 | Seccional Brasil SA | Metallic tower |
US20120210659A1 (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2012-08-23 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | safety blanket |
US20130263542A1 (en) * | 2012-04-04 | 2013-10-10 | Ramiro Guerrero | Structural assembly formed of composite materials |
CN103410670A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-11-27 | 南京飓能电控自动化设备制造有限公司 | Trussed wind turbine tower and wind turbine unit with same |
US11286680B2 (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2022-03-29 | Itc Consulting Inc. | Reinforcement device for existing structure and incidental facility attaching device |
US20230272634A1 (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2023-08-31 | Shandong University | Bolt-bearing circumferential device for reinforcing and correcting angle irons of transmission tower |
-
1937
- 1937-06-24 US US150136A patent/US2145232A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (38)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2761531A (en) * | 1951-02-19 | 1956-09-04 | Beatty Bros Ltd | Sectional mast |
US3959946A (en) * | 1973-06-27 | 1976-06-01 | Electric Power Transmission Pty. Limited | Pole structure |
FR2642141A1 (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1990-07-27 | Pechiney Aluminium | Metal section for a supporting structure and structure thus obtained |
US6108996A (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 2000-08-29 | Mcginnis; Henry J. | Apparatus and method for retrofitting towers exchanger |
US20060277843A1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-12-14 | Tracy Livingston | Structural tower |
US20100226785A1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2010-09-09 | Wind Tower Systems, Llc | Structural tower |
US7735290B2 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2010-06-15 | General Electric Company | Wind turbine assembly tower |
US20070095008A1 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-05-03 | General Electric Company | Wind turbine assembly tower and method for constructing the same |
AU2006203181B2 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2012-02-23 | General Electric Company | Wind turbine assembly tower and method for constructing the same |
US20070151194A1 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2007-07-05 | Tracy Livingston | Lifting system and apparatus for constructing wind turbine towers |
US7877934B2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2011-02-01 | Wind Tower Systems, Llc | Lifting system and apparatus for constructing wind turbine towers |
US20080078128A1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-04-03 | Tracy Livingston | Lifting system and apparatus for constructing and enclosing wind turbine towers |
US20100236161A1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2010-09-23 | Wind Tower Systems, Llc | Lifting system and apparatus for constructing and enclosing wind turbine towers |
US20080078083A1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-04-03 | Tracy Livingston | Drive pin system for a wind turbine structural tower |
US8069634B2 (en) | 2006-10-02 | 2011-12-06 | General Electric Company | Lifting system and apparatus for constructing and enclosing wind turbine towers |
US20080080946A1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-04-03 | Tracy Livingston | Expansion pin system for a wind turbine structural tower |
US8016268B2 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2011-09-13 | Wind Tower Systems, Llc | Wind tower service lift |
US20090294219A1 (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-03 | David Oliphant | Wind tower service lift |
US20090307998A1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-17 | Tindall Corporation | Base support for wind-driven power generators |
US8734705B2 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2014-05-27 | Tindall Corporation | Method for fabrication of structures used in construction of tower base supports |
US20090308006A1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-17 | Tindall Corporation | Base support for wind-driven power generators |
US20090308019A1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-17 | Tindall Corporation | Method and apparatus for fabrication of structures used in construction of tower base supports |
US8322093B2 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2012-12-04 | Tindall Corporation | Base support for wind-driven power generators |
US8458970B2 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2013-06-11 | Tindall Corporation | Base support for wind-driven power generators |
US8516774B2 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2013-08-27 | Tindall Corporation | Methods for constructing a base structure for a support tower |
US20110126488A1 (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2011-06-02 | Johan Hedinger | Upgradable lattice tower and components thereof |
US20100242406A1 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-09-30 | Wind Tower Systems, Llc | Structural shape for wind tower members |
US8910446B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2014-12-16 | Ge Wind Energy, Llc | Structural shape for wind tower members |
US20110265419A1 (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2011-11-03 | Seccional Brasil SA | Metallic tower |
US8534025B2 (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2013-09-17 | Seccional Brasil SA | Metallic tower |
US20120210659A1 (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2012-08-23 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | safety blanket |
US8707656B2 (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2014-04-29 | Vestas Wing Systems A/S | Safety blanket |
US20130263542A1 (en) * | 2012-04-04 | 2013-10-10 | Ramiro Guerrero | Structural assembly formed of composite materials |
CN103410670A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-11-27 | 南京飓能电控自动化设备制造有限公司 | Trussed wind turbine tower and wind turbine unit with same |
CN103410670B (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2016-06-01 | 南京高传机电自动控制设备有限公司 | Truss type wind-driven generator tower frame and there is the wind power generating set of this pylon |
US11286680B2 (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2022-03-29 | Itc Consulting Inc. | Reinforcement device for existing structure and incidental facility attaching device |
US20230272634A1 (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2023-08-31 | Shandong University | Bolt-bearing circumferential device for reinforcing and correcting angle irons of transmission tower |
US11802414B2 (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2023-10-31 | Shandong University | Bolt-bearing circumferential device for reinforcing and correcting angle irons of transmission tower |
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