WO2009136532A1 - ころ軸受用保持器、ころ軸受およびころ軸受用保持器の製造方法 - Google Patents
ころ軸受用保持器、ころ軸受およびころ軸受用保持器の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009136532A1 WO2009136532A1 PCT/JP2009/057363 JP2009057363W WO2009136532A1 WO 2009136532 A1 WO2009136532 A1 WO 2009136532A1 JP 2009057363 W JP2009057363 W JP 2009057363W WO 2009136532 A1 WO2009136532 A1 WO 2009136532A1
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- roller
- column
- pair
- roller bearing
- portions
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
- F16C33/54—Cages for rollers or needles made from wire, strips, or sheet metal
- F16C33/542—Cages for rollers or needles made from wire, strips, or sheet metal made from sheet metal
- F16C33/543—Cages for rollers or needles made from wire, strips, or sheet metal made from sheet metal from a single part
- F16C33/546—Cages for rollers or needles made from wire, strips, or sheet metal made from sheet metal from a single part with a M- or W-shaped cross section
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
- B21D28/24—Perforating, i.e. punching holes
- B21D28/30—Perforating, i.e. punching holes in annular parts, e.g. rims
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/10—Making other particular articles parts of bearings; sleeves; valve seats or the like
- B21D53/12—Making other particular articles parts of bearings; sleeves; valve seats or the like cages for bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
- F16C33/54—Cages for rollers or needles made from wire, strips, or sheet metal
- F16C33/541—Details of individual pockets, e.g. shape or roller retaining means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
- F16C33/54—Cages for rollers or needles made from wire, strips, or sheet metal
- F16C33/542—Cages for rollers or needles made from wire, strips, or sheet metal made from sheet metal
- F16C33/543—Cages for rollers or needles made from wire, strips, or sheet metal made from sheet metal from a single part
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
- F16C19/44—Needle bearings
- F16C19/46—Needle bearings with one row or needles
- F16C19/463—Needle bearings with one row or needles consisting of needle rollers held in a cage, i.e. subunit without race rings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
- Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a roller bearing retainer manufactured by press working, a needle roller bearing provided with the roller bearing retainer, and a method for manufacturing the roller bearing retainer.
- Cage and roller type needle roller bearings composed of rollers and cages are often used for idler bearings for automobile transmissions and connecting rod large end bearings for motorcycle engines.
- the present applicant has already proposed the following technique.
- a roller bearing cage described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-18258 is a machined cage, and a pocket is used as a claw for preventing a roller from coming off to the outer diameter side of the cage.
- An outer claw is formed in the middle part of the column part by machining, for example, when machining to cut out.
- inner claws are formed at both ends of the column portion by ironing as a claw for preventing the roller from coming off to the inner diameter side of the cage.
- the roller bearing retainer described in Japanese Patent No. 3665653 is a rolling process retainer that prevents the roller from coming out of the pocket after the step of punching the strip steel into the pocket.
- a retaining nail is formed.
- the steel strip placed horizontally is ironed downward by an upper claw taking-out jig to form a roller pawl on the lower side of the column portion. Further, ironing is performed upward by a lower nail take-out jig, and a roller pawl is formed on the upper side of the column portion.
- the steel strip is rolled to form an annular cage in which the lower roller pawl side of the column portion described above is disposed on the outer diameter side.
- JP 2000-18258 A Japanese Patent No. 3665653
- the present invention provides a roller bearing retainer that can be manufactured with simpler processing equipment and a smaller number of processing steps.
- a roller bearing retainer includes a pair of ring-shaped ring portions and a plurality of column portions connecting the pair of ring portions to each other, and a roller between adjacent column portions is provided.
- the roller bearing retainer is formed with a pocket for housing the first portion, and the column portion is unevenly distributed radially inward on the wall surface facing the pocket to prevent the roller from falling off radially inward.
- a roller stopper, and a second roller stopper that is unevenly distributed radially outward to prevent the roller from falling off radially outward.
- the first and second roller stoppers are respectively provided from one radial side. It is formed only by processing.
- the jig for forming the first roller stopper and the second roller are formed. It becomes possible to arrange
- the jig for forming the first roller stopper and the jig for forming the second roller stopper can be combined to form the inner and outer diameter roller stoppers in the same process. become. Therefore, the number of processing steps can be reduced as compared with the conventional case.
- the formation of the first and second roller stoppers is not limited to processing from either the radially outer side or the inner side, but is preferably formed only by processing from the radially outer side. . Thereby, the first and second roller stoppers can be easily formed.
- the first roller stopper is inserted into the pocket from the radially outer side by a processing jig. It is a burnish claw formed by squeezing the wall surface facing the pocket of the pillar part. As a result, it is possible to prevent the roller from falling off inward in the radial direction with the burnish claw.
- the second roller stopper is caulked on the outer diameter surface of the column portion by a processing jig. It is a caulking nail that is formed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the rollers from coming off radially outward with the caulking claw.
- the shape of the column portion is not limited to one embodiment, but preferably, the column central portion positioned relatively radially inward in the axial central region and the diameter relatively in the axial end region.
- a pair of column end portions positioned on the outer side in the direction, and a pair of column inclined portions positioned between the column center portion and each of the pair of column end portions, the first roller stopper portion being the second center portion, The roller stopper is provided at each of the pair of column ends. This makes it possible to reduce the weight while increasing the strength of the cage.
- the thickness of each part of the column center part, the pair of column end parts, and the pair of column inclined parts is smaller than the thickness of the boundary part between adjacent parts.
- the thickness of the boundary portion can be made thicker than other portions, and the durability against stress concentration can be improved. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain a high-strength roller bearing retainer.
- roller skew can be prevented and wear and seizure of the wall surface can be prevented.
- a rib portion extending radially inward from each of the pair of ring portions is further provided, and the thickness of the pair of ring portions and the flange portion is smaller than the thickness of the boundary portion between the ring portion and the flange portion.
- the roller bearing according to the present invention includes the roller bearing retainer according to the present invention and a plurality of rollers accommodated in a pocket. According to the present invention, a roller bearing that can be manufactured with a smaller number of processing steps can be obtained.
- a roller bearing retainer comprising: a pocket to be accommodated; and first and second roller stoppers that are unevenly distributed on a radially inner side and a radially outer side on a wall surface facing the pocket of the pillar portion to prevent the rollers from falling off.
- the cylindrical member is processed only from one radial direction to form the first roller stopper, and the cylindrical member is processed only from the radial one side to form the second roller stopper.
- the first and second roller stoppers can be formed by processing from only one side, and a roller bearing that can be manufactured with fewer processing steps than before can be obtained. .
- the step of forming the first roller stopper and the step of forming the second roller stopper are performed simultaneously.
- the time required for processing can be shortened, and a roller bearing cage that is advantageous in terms of cost can be manufactured in a short time.
- the first roller stopper that is radially inward and the second roller stopper that is radially outward are formed only by processing from one side in the radial direction. For this reason, it is possible to simplify the processing equipment for the roller stopper as compared with the prior art. Moreover, it becomes possible to manufacture a roller bearing retainer with fewer processing steps than in the past. Therefore, it is possible to provide a roller bearing that is advantageous in terms of cost.
- FIG. 1 It is a perspective view which shows the roller bearing retainer which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the needle roller bearing which employ
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the step shown in FIG. 16.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 17 and viewed from the direction of the arrow, showing a state in which the first roller stopper is formed by burnishing.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 17 and viewed from the direction of the arrow, showing a state in which the second roller stopper is formed by caulking.
- It is a perspective view which shows the cage for roller bearings concerning other embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the needle roller bearing which employ
- FIG. 25 is a modified example of the roller bearing retainer shown in FIG. 21 and corresponds to FIG. 24. It is a figure which shows a pre-processing process. It is the figure which looked at the inner mold for necking from the axial direction. It is a figure which shows a post-processing process.
- FIGS. 1 is a perspective view of the cage 13
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the needle roller bearing 11
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the shape of the column portion 15 of the cage 13
- FIG. 4 is an arrow IV in FIG. It is an arrow view seen from the direction.
- the needle roller bearing 11 includes a plurality of needle rollers 12 and a cage 13 that holds the plurality of needle rollers 12.
- the retainer 13 includes a pair of ring-shaped ring portions 14 and a plurality of column portions 15 that connect the pair of ring portions 14 to each other.
- a pocket 20 for accommodating the needle rollers 12 is formed between the adjacent column portions 15.
- annular ring portion refers only to an integral ring portion that is continuous in the circumferential direction. That is, it should be understood that a ring portion in which both ends are joined by welding or the like is not included.
- the column portion 15 includes a column central portion 16 positioned relatively radially inward in the axial central region, a pair of column end portions 17 positioned relatively radially outward in the axial end region, and A column central portion 16 and a pair of column inclined portions 18 positioned between each of the column end portions 17 are included.
- the wall surfaces 16 b, 17 b, 18 b of the column portion 15 facing the pocket 20 guide the rotation of the needle roller 12.
- the wall surface 16b of the column central portion 16 is provided with a first roller stopper 16a that prevents the needle rollers 12 from falling off, a non-contact portion 16c, and an oil groove 16d.
- a second roller stopper 17 a that prevents the needle rollers 12 from falling off is provided on the wall surface 17 b of the column end portion 17.
- the first roller stoppers 16a are provided at two locations in the column central portion 16. More specifically, it is located at both axial ends of the column center portion 16 and is unevenly distributed radially inward of the wall surface 16 b of the column center portion 16 facing the pocket 20. Then, the needle rollers 12 are prevented from falling off inward in the radial direction.
- the second roller stopper 17a is provided at each of the pair of column ends 17. More specifically, it is unevenly distributed on the radially outer side of the wall surface 17 b of the column end portion 17 facing the pocket 20. Then, the needle rollers 12 are prevented from falling off radially outward.
- first and second roller stoppers 16a and 17a even if the needle roller 12 has a small diameter, the needle roller 12 retains the cage while ensuring a sufficient play amount of the needle roller 12. It is possible to effectively prevent the dropout from 13.
- the wall surface 16b is located in the column center portion 16 and is positioned between the two first roller stopper portions 16a.
- the wall surface 17b is located at the column end 17 and is adjacent to the second roller stopper 17a.
- the wall surface 18b is in the column inclined portion 18, and is located between the first roller stopper 16a and the wall surface 17b.
- the wall surfaces 16b, 17b, and 18b constitute a plane having the same height.
- the wall surfaces 16b, 17b, 18b facing each other across the pocket 20 are parallel to each other. Thereby, the needle roller 12 can be rotated stably.
- the non-contact portion 16c is provided in a region adjacent to the first and second roller stoppers 16a in the radial direction. Since the non-contact part 16c is recessed from the wall surfaces 16b, 17b, 18b, it faces the needle roller 12 with a predetermined gap. The non-contact portion 16c is inclined such that a predetermined gap increases as the distance from the first roller stopper portion 16a increases in the radial direction.
- the non-contact part 16c is provided in the area
- the oil groove 16d is provided on both axial sides of the first roller stopper 16a.
- the oil groove 16d has a shape extending in the radial direction and is further recessed than the non-contact portion 16c. Thereby, the quantity of the lubricating oil which flows to radial direction can be increased, and the oil permeability of the radial direction of the holder
- the improvement in oil permeability contributes to the removal of wear powder and the suppression of the temperature rise of the needle roller bearing 11.
- the thickness t1 of the column center portion 16, the column end portion 17, and the column inclined portion 18 (hereinafter collectively referred to as “linear portion”) is set to be substantially equal.
- the thickness t2 of the boundary portion between the column central portion 16 and the column inclined portion 18 and the boundary portion between the column end portion 17 and the column inclined portion 18 (hereinafter collectively referred to as “boundary portion”) is a straight line. It is thicker than the thickness t1 of the portion (t1 ⁇ t2). Thereby, the intensity
- the wall thickness refers to a thickness dimension between the inner diameter surface and the outer diameter surface.
- the thickness t1 of the straight portion and the radius of curvature r of the boundary portion satisfy the relationship r ⁇ t1. If the curvature radius r of the boundary portion is reduced, the axial length of the linear portion adjacent to the boundary portion can be increased, that is, the surface area of the linear portion can be increased. As a result, the contact surface pressure during rotation of the bearing can be reduced.
- the cage 13 is an outer diameter side guide (housing guide)
- the outer diameter surface of the column end portion 17 comes into contact with the housing (not shown). Therefore, if the curvature radius r of the boundary portion between at least the column end portion 17 and the column inclined portion 18 is within the above range, the contact surface pressure between the outer diameter surface of the column end portion 17 and the housing is reduced. can do.
- the surface roughness Ra of the outer diameter surfaces of the ring portion 14 and the column end portion 17 is set to 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 0.3 ⁇ m or less. Thereby, the abrasion by the contact of the outer diameter surface of the ring part 14 and the column end part 17 and the housing can be prevented.
- Surface roughness Ra refers to arithmetic average roughness.
- the cage 13 is an inner diameter side guide (rotary axis guide)
- the inner diameter surface of the column central portion 16 and the rotation axis are in contact. Therefore, if the curvature radius r of the boundary portion between at least the column central portion 16 and the column inclined portion 18 is within the above range, the contact surface pressure between the inner diameter surface of the column central portion 16 and the rotating shaft is reduced. can do.
- the surface roughness Ra of the inner diameter surface of the column central portion 16 may be set to 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 0.3 ⁇ m or less.
- R part is formed in the convex side (side where tensile stress acts at the time of bending) and the concave side (side where compressive stress acts at the time of bending), respectively.
- the curvature radius on the convex side is always larger than the curvature radius on the concave side. Therefore, “the radius of curvature r of the boundary portion” in this specification refers to the radius of curvature on the convex side.
- the “thickness t2 of the boundary portion” refers to the length of a line segment connecting the central portion on the convex side and the central portion on the concave side.
- the outer diameter surface of the column central portion 16 is located on the radially outer side than the inner diameter surface of the column end portion 17.
- the pitch circle 12 a of the needle roller 12 is located on the radially inner side from the outer diameter surface of the column central portion 16 and on the radially outer side from the inner diameter surface of the column end portion 17.
- the needle roller 12 contacts each of wall surface 16b, 17b, 18b.
- the skew of the needle roller 12 can be effectively prevented by increasing the contact area between the needle roller 12 and the wall surfaces 16b, 17b, 18b.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing a modification of the cage 13 and corresponds to FIG.
- the same reference number as FIG. 4 is attached
- the outer diameter surface of the column center portion 16 is located on the radially inner side with respect to the inner diameter surface of the column end portion 17.
- the pitch circle 12 a of the needle roller 12 is located on the radially outer side from the outer diameter surface of the column center portion 16 and on the radially inner side from the inner diameter surface of the column end portion 17. In this case, the needle roller 12 is guided only on the wall surface 18 b of the column inclined portion 18. If it is set as the above-mentioned composition, since the 1st roller stop part 16a and the 2nd roller stop part 17a are arranged away in the diameter direction, drop-off of needle roller 12 can be prevented appropriately.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing main manufacturing steps of the cage 13, and includes first to sixth steps. 7 to 10 are explanatory views showing details of the first step, FIGS. 11 to 14 are explanatory views showing details of the second step, and FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing details of the third step. 16 to 20 are explanatory diagrams showing details of the fifth step.
- a steel plate (carbon steel) having a carbon content of 0.15 wt% or more and 1.1 wt% or less is used as a starting material for the cage 13.
- a steel plate (carbon steel) having a carbon content of 0.15 wt% or more and 1.1 wt% or less is used as a starting material for the cage 13.
- SCM415 or S50C having a carbon content of 0.15 wt% or more and 0.5 wt% or less, or SAE1070 or SK5 having a carbon content of 0.5 wt% or more and 1.1 wt% or less is because carbon steel having a carbon content of less than 0.15 wt% is hard to form a carburized hardened layer by quenching, and it is necessary to perform carbonitriding to obtain the required hardness for the cage 13. Because.
- the carbonitriding process has a higher equipment cost than each quenching process described later, and as a result, the manufacturing cost of the needle roller bearing 11 increases.
- a sufficient carburized hardened layer may not be obtained even by carbonitriding, and surface-origin type peeling may occur early.
- the workability of carbon steel having a carbon content exceeding 1.1 wt% is significantly reduced.
- the starting material for the cage 13 may be SPC having a carbon content of 0.15 wt% or less. This facilitates burnishing and caulking, which will be described later.
- the cylindrical member 22 is formed from the flat steel plate as the starting material.
- a cup-shaped member 21 is obtained from a steel plate by deep drawing.
- a bottom wall 21a is formed at one axial end portion (upper side in FIG. 7) of the cup-shaped member 21, and an outward flange portion 21b is formed at the other axial end portion (lower side in FIG. 7).
- the surface roughness Ra of the outer diameter surface or inner diameter surface of the cup-shaped member 21 is set to 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 0.3 ⁇ m or less by ironing.
- the bottom wall 21a of the cup-shaped member 21 is removed by punching.
- the bottom wall 21a cannot be completely removed by punching, and an inward flange portion 21c is formed at one end of the cup-shaped member 21 in the axial direction.
- the inward flange portion 21c is raised in the axial direction by burring. Further, referring to FIG. 10, the outward flange portion 21b is removed by cutting the other axial end portion of the cup-shaped member 21 by trimming.
- the cylindrical member 22 shown in FIG. 10 can be formed.
- the outer diameter size of the cylindrical member 22 obtained in the above process matches the outer diameter size of the column central portion 16.
- the thickness of the cylindrical member 22 obtained in the above process is t.
- the cylindrical member 22 is deformed in the radial direction to form the column central portion 16, the pair of column end portions 17, and the pair of column inclined portions 18.
- an outer mold 24 for expanding press that restrains the outer diameter surface of the cylindrical member 22
- a pair of expanding presses that restrain the inner diameter surface of the cylindrical member 22.
- the outer mold 24 has a cylindrical space 23a for receiving the cylindrical member 22 therein.
- the surface of the outer mold 24 facing the cylindrical space 23a has a small diameter portion 23b that matches the outer diameter size of the column central portion 16, a large diameter portion 23c that matches the outer diameter size of the column end portion 17, and a small diameter portion 23b.
- the large diameter part 23c it is comprised by the inclination part 23d which corresponds to the inclination angle of the column inclination part 18. As shown in FIG.
- the first inner mold 25 is a columnar member that is inserted from one end of the hollow cylindrical member 22 in the axial direction (the upper side in FIG. 11).
- the first inner mold 25 includes a small diameter portion 25a that matches the inner diameter size of the column center portion 16, a large diameter portion 25b that matches the inner diameter size of the column end portion 17, and the small diameter portion 25a and the large diameter portion 25b. It is comprised with the inclination part 25c which corresponds to the inclination angle of the column inclination part 18.
- the second inner mold 26 has the same configuration, and is inserted from the other axial end of the cylindrical member 22 (lower side in FIG. 11).
- the outer mold 24 is constituted by, for example, first to fourth divided outer molds 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d that are radially divided at intervals of 90 °.
- the first to fourth divided outer dies 24a to 24d can be moved in the radial direction of the cylindrical member 22 by a moving jig 27, respectively.
- the first and second inner dies 25 and 26 are movable in the axial direction of the cylindrical member 22, respectively.
- the cylindrical member 22 can be put in and out of the cylindrical space 23a. That is, retreat means moving in a direction away from the cylindrical member 22.
- the column center portion 16, the pair of column end portions 17, and the pair of column inclined portions 18 are formed. Since the cylindrical member 22 is stretched by the expansion press, the thickness t1 of the pair of column end portions 17 and the pair of column inclined portions 18 after the second step is thinner than the thickness t of the cylindrical member 22. (T1 ⁇ t). Further, since the cylindrical member 22 is radially compressed by the outer mold 24 and the inner molds 25 and 26, the thickness t1 of the column central portion 16 after the end of the second step is equal to the thickness t of the cylindrical member 22. It is thinner (t1 ⁇ t).
- the wall thickness t1 comprehensively represents the wall thickness of the column center portion 16, the pair of column end portions 17, and the pair of column inclined portions 18, and the thicknesses of these 16, 17, 18 are the same. It doesn't mean that there is.
- the boundary portion is thickened by the thickening process.
- a pair of cylindrical compression jigs 28 and 29 are used for the thickening process. Specifically, in a state where the cylindrical member 22 is constrained by the outer mold 24 and the inner molds 25 and 26 (a state where the expansion press is performed), both end surfaces in the axial direction of the cylindrical member 22 by the pair of compression jigs 28 and 29. Compress from both sides.
- the wall thickness does not change.
- a minute gap is formed between the boundary portion and the outer mold 24 and the inner molds 25 and 26.
- the thickness t2 of the boundary portion after the third step is thicker than the thickness t of the cylindrical member 22 obtained in the first step (t1 ⁇ t ⁇ t2). Accordingly, the thickness of the column portion 15 is not increased overall to improve the strength, but the thickness of the straight portion is reduced, and the thickness of the boundary portion where stress concentration occurs is selectively increased. Improve strength. Therefore, the cage 13 can be reduced in weight.
- the radius of curvature r of the boundary portion is also smaller than the thickness t1 of the straight portion.
- the pocket 20 and the oil groove 16d are formed in the cylindrical member 22.
- a plurality of pockets 20 and oil grooves 16d are formed on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical member 22 by punching using a punch and a die.
- the punch includes a rectangular portion corresponding to the pocket 20 and a protruding portion corresponding to the oil groove 16d that protrudes in the circumferential direction from the rectangular portion. In this way, by subjecting the cylindrical member 22 to pocket removal, the wall surfaces 16b, 17b, 18b facing each other across the pocket 20 are parallel to each other.
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing how the roller stoppers 16a and 17a are formed by the jigs 60 to 72.
- FIG. FIG. 17 is a partial sectional view showing the cylindrical member 22 and the processing table 61 of FIG.
- a cylindrical working table 61 is coaxially inserted from one axial direction into the cylindrical member 22 in which the pocket 20 is formed.
- the processing table 61 includes an inner diameter surface of the column central portion 16, an inner diameter surface of one column inclined portion 18, an inner diameter surface of one column end portion 17, and an inner diameter of one ring portion 14. Supports these in contact with the surface.
- a cylindrical processing table 65 is coaxially inserted into the cylindrical member 22 from the other axial direction. As shown in FIG. 17, the work table 65 is biased by a spring 67 so as to advance from the cylinder-shaped work table base 66. Then, the tip protrusion 65 t of the processing table 65 inserted into the cylindrical member 22 engages with the tip recess 61 u of the processing table 61, so that the processing table 65 has an inner diameter surface of the other column inclined portion 18 and the other column end portion 17. These are in contact with and support the inner diameter surface of the other ring portion 14.
- the base end 68 of the jig 60 is engaged with an actuator 71 and an actuator 72 that move the jig 60 forward and backward toward the work table 61.
- the burnishing jig 62 is provided at two positions with an axial interval at the tip of the jig 60. This interval is slightly smaller than the axial dimension of the column central portion 16, and the burnishing jig 62 forms the first roller stoppers 16 a at both ends of the column central portion 16 only by processing from one side in the radial direction.
- the crimping jig 63 is also provided at two positions with a gap in the axial direction at the tip of the jig 60. This interval is the same as the distance between the pair of column end portions 17, 17, and the caulking jig 63 has a second roller stopper 17 a at the pair of column end portions 17, 17 only by processing from one side in the radial direction. Form each one.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing the cross section taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 17 and viewed from the direction of the arrow, and schematically shows burnishing with the burnishing jig 62.
- the processing table 61 includes a guide surface 61 a for guiding the burnishing jig 62, and the guide surfaces 61 a facing each other in parallel form a guide groove 61 g corresponding to the pocket 20.
- the circumferential width of the guide groove 61g is narrower by 2 ⁇ W1 than the circumferential width of the pocket 20. That is, the guide surface 61 a is positioned in front of the wall surface of the column central portion 16 facing the pocket 20 by a width W1.
- the circumferential width of the tip end portion 62a of the burnishing jig 62 is the same as the groove width of the guide groove 61g, and the wall surface of the tip end portion 62a coincides with the guide surface 61a.
- the guide groove 61g receives the tip 62a.
- the base portion 62b of the burnishing jig 62 that supports the tip end portion 62a has a larger circumferential width than the tip end portion 62a, and the wall surface 62c of the base portion 62b increases in the circumferential width as the distance from the tip end portion 62a increases. Inclined.
- the circumferential width on the distal end side of the base 62b is 2 ⁇ W2 wider than the circumferential width of the pocket 20. That is, the front end side of the wall surface 62 c is located behind the wall surface of the column central portion 16 facing the pocket 20 by a width W2.
- a step 62d is provided between the tip of the wall surface 62c and the wall surface of the tip portion 62a. The step 62d is a wall surface inclined more steeply than the wall surface 62c.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing the cross section taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 17 and viewed from the direction of the arrow, and schematically shows how the burnishing jig 62 is pushed into the pocket 20 by burnishing.
- the wall surface 62c of the burnishing jig 62 extends the wall surface of the column central portion 16 by W2 in the circumferential direction, and pushes it inward in the radial direction so as to be the first roller stopper 16a (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a burnishing claw 16a).
- the non-contact part 16c is formed.
- the non-contact portion 16 c is formed in a shape that is inclined along the end surface 62 c on the radially outer side of the column central portion 16. Further, the first roller stopper 16a is formed to protrude by a width W1 on the inner side in the radial direction of the column central portion 16.
- FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing the cross section taken along the line BB shown in FIG. 17 and the direction of the arrow, and shows a state where the caulking tool 63 is pressed against the column end portion 17 by caulking.
- the caulking tool 63 compresses and deforms the outer diameter surface of the column end portion 17 and narrows the width of the pocket 20 on the radially outer side to make the second roller stopper 17a (hereinafter also referred to as caulking claw 17a). Form.
- the first roller stopper 16a and the second roller stopper 17a are formed only by processing from the outside in the radial direction of the cylindrical member 22 processed into the roller bearing retainer 13. Is done.
- the first roller stopper 16a and the second roller stopper 17a may be formed separately in terms of time, but preferably are simultaneously formed by a jig 60 as shown in FIGS. . This shortens the time required for processing and improves the manufacturing efficiency of the roller bearing retainer 13.
- the first roller stopper 16a and the second roller stopper 17a may be formed only by processing the roller bearing retainer 13 from the radially inner side.
- the radially inner roller stopper is a caulking claw
- the radially outer roller stopper is a burnishing claw.
- heat treatment is performed to impart predetermined mechanical properties such as surface hardness to the cage 13.
- it is necessary to select an appropriate method depending on the carbon content of the starting material in order for the cage 13 to obtain a cured layer having a sufficient depth. Specifically, in the case of a material having a carbon content of 0.15 wt% or more and 0.5 wt% or less, carburizing and quenching treatment is performed, and in the case of a material having a carbon content of 0.5 wt% or more and 1.1 wt% or less. Performs bright quenching or induction quenching.
- the carburizing and quenching process is a heat treatment method utilizing the phenomenon that carbon dissolves in high-temperature steel, and a surface layer (carburized hardened layer) with a large amount of carbon can be obtained while the amount of carbon in the steel is low. . Thereby, the surface is hard, the inside is soft, and the property with high toughness is obtained. Moreover, the equipment cost is low compared with the carbonitriding equipment.
- Bright quenching refers to quenching performed while preventing oxidation of the steel surface by heating in a protective atmosphere or vacuum.
- the equipment cost is low compared with carbonitriding equipment and carburizing and quenching equipment.
- Induction hardening is a method of making a hardened hardened layer by rapidly heating and rapidly cooling the steel surface using the principle of induction heating. Compared to other quenching treatment facilities, there is a merit that the equipment cost is significantly lower and that the gas is not used in the heat treatment process, so that it is environmentally friendly. It is also advantageous in that a partial quenching process can be performed.
- the cage 13 shown in FIG. 1 is completed by the first step S11 to the sixth step S16 described so far.
- the surface roughness Ra of the outer diameter surface of the cage 13 is already 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 0.3 ⁇ m or less in the ironing process when the cylindrical member 22 is formed (S11). Therefore, an independent grinding process as a finishing process can be omitted.
- the cage 13 can be formed by executing the first to sixth steps S11 to S16 described above. Then, the needle roller 12 shown in FIG. 2 is completed by press-fitting the needle roller 12 into the pocket 20 of the cage 13.
- the first and second roller stoppers 16a and 17a are formed only by processing from one side in the radial direction, so that the jig for forming the first roller stopper 16a is formed.
- 62 and the jig 63 forming the second roller stopper can be disposed on the same side as viewed from the cage 13. Therefore, the processing equipment for the roller stoppers 16a and 17a can be simplified.
- the jig 62 for forming the first roller stopper 16a and the jig 63 for forming the second roller stopper 17a are grouped into a jig 60, and two types of roller stoppers are formed in the same step S15. 16a and 17a can be formed.
- the number of processing steps can be reduced as compared with the conventional case. Further, by providing the roller stoppers 16a and 17a on the wall surfaces 16b and 17b facing the pockets of the column part 15, even if the roller has a small diameter, the roller can be retained while ensuring a sufficient play amount of the roller. It is possible to prevent the container 13 from falling off.
- the roller stoppers 16a and 17a are formed by burnishing and caulking, so that the roller stopper is formed by machining by cutting as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-18258.
- the strength of the roller stopper is greater than that of the conventional cage forming the portion, which is advantageous in durability performance.
- the cage 13 is formed from the cylindrical member 22 which is seamless in the circumferential direction, so that the steel strip is rolled and welded as described in Japanese Patent No. 3665653. Therefore, the strength is higher than that of the conventional cage that is joined together, and the durability is advantageous.
- the first and second roller stoppers 16 a and 17 a are formed only by processing from the radially outer side of the cage 13. It is possible to easily form the roller stopper 16a on the inner side in the direction and the roller stopper 17a on the outer side in the radial direction.
- the first roller stopper 16 a is formed in the pocket 20 of the column portion 15 (16) by a jig 62 used for burnishing inserted into the pocket 20 from the radially outer side. It is a burnish nail
- the second roller stopper 17a is a caulking claw formed by caulking the outer diameter surface of the column portion 15 (17) with a jig 63 used for caulking. As a result, the caulking claw 17a can prevent the rollers 12 from dropping out radially outward.
- the column portion 15 includes a column central portion 16 that is positioned relatively radially inward in the axial center region and a pair of columns that are positioned relatively radially outward in the axial end region. It includes end portions 17, 17 and a column center portion 16 and a pair of column inclined portions 18, 18 positioned between each of the pair of column end portions 17, 17.
- the second roller stopper 17a is provided at each of the pair of column end portions 17 and 17. This makes it possible to reduce the weight of the cage 13 while increasing the strength.
- the thickness t1 of each part of the column center part 16, the pair of column end parts 17 and 17, and the pair of column inclined parts 18 and 18 is greater than the thickness t2 of the boundary part between adjacent parts. small. Thereby, the intensity
- roller bearing 11 provided with the holder
- the manufacturing method of the cage 13 according to this embodiment includes a pair of ring-shaped ring portions 14, a plurality of column portions 15 that interconnect the pair of ring portions 14 and 14, and adjacent column portions 15.
- a pocket 20 for accommodating the roller 12 therebetween, and wall surfaces 16b, 17b facing the pocket 20 of the column portion 15 are first and second unevenly distributed on the radially inner side and the radially outer side to prevent the rollers from dropping off.
- a roller bearing retainer 13 including a roller stopper, a step of forming a pair of ring portions 14, 14, a plurality of column portions 15, and a pocket 20 in a cylindrical member 22 as a starting material; A process of forming the first roller stopper 16a by processing the cylindrical member 22 only from one radial direction, and a process of forming the second roller stopper 17a by processing the cylindrical member 22 only from one radial side. Including. Since the first roller stopper 16a unevenly distributed radially inward and the second roller stopper 17a unevenly distributed radially outward are formed by processing only from one side in the radial direction as described above, the number of processing steps is conventionally reduced. It is possible to manufacture the cage 13 that is advantageous in terms of cost.
- the process of forming the first roller stopper 16a and the process of forming the second roller stopper 17a are performed at the same time, thereby reducing the processing time. Therefore, the cage 13 which is advantageous in terms of cost can be manufactured.
- the retainer 33 further includes a pair of flange portions 19 extending radially inward from each of the pair of ring portions 14.
- the thickness of the ring portion 14 and the thickness of the flange portion 19 in the axial direction are set to be substantially equal to the thickness t1 of the straight portion of the column portion 15.
- the thickness of the boundary portion between the ring portion 14 and the flange portion 19 is set to be substantially equal to the thickness t2 of the other boundary portion.
- the curvature radius of the boundary portion between the ring portion 14 and the flange portion 19 is set to be substantially equal to the curvature radius r of the other boundary portion.
- t1 ⁇ t2 is also established in this embodiment.
- strength of the root part of the collar part 19 improves.
- r ⁇ t1 is also established.
- the surface area of the outer diameter surface of the ring part 14 increases, when the retainer 33 is an outer diameter side guide, the contact surface pressure with the housing can be further reduced.
- another structure is common with the holder
- the manufacturing process of the cage 33 having the above-described configuration is common to the first step S11, the second step S12, the fourth step S14, and the fifth step S15 of the cage 13 shown in FIG. To do.
- the thickness increase processing corresponding to S13 in FIG. 6
- necking processing of the cage 33 will be described.
- the cylindrical member 42 that is the base of the retainer 33 is set between the outer die 44 for necking and the inner die 46, and the thickening process and the collar portion at the boundary portion are performed. 19 is formed (necking) at the same time.
- the flange portion 19 is formed through a two-step process including a pre-processing step of bending a predetermined angle with respect to the axial direction and a post-processing step of bending 90 ° with respect to the axial direction. And the thickening process of a boundary part is performed simultaneously with a post-processing process.
- the pretreatment step is a step of bending both axial end portions of the cylindrical member 42 to be the flange portion 19 inward with respect to the column end portion 17 by a predetermined angle (45 ° in this embodiment).
- a necking outer mold 44 hereinafter simply referred to as “outer mold 44”
- a necking inner mold 46 hereinafter simply referred to as “inner mold 46”
- a pair of necking jigs 48 and 49 Done.
- the outer die 44 has the same configuration as the outer die 24 for expansion press, and restrains the outer diameter surface of the cylindrical member 42. However, the axial length is shorter than the outer die 24 for the expansion press, and the both axial ends of the cylindrical member 42 serving as the flange portion 19 are not restrained.
- the inner mold 46 includes, for example, first to eighth divided inner molds 46a, 46b, 46c, 46d, 46e, 46f, 46g, and 46h that are radially divided at an angle of 45 °. Is done. Each of the first to eighth divided inner dies 46a to 46h is movable in the radial direction.
- the inner mold 46 has a small-diameter portion 45a that matches the inner diameter of the column central portion 16 in the axial central region of the outer diameter surface, and an inner diameter of the column end 17 in the axial end region.
- the first to eighth divided inner dies 46a to 46h when the first to eighth divided inner dies 46a to 46h are retracted inward in the radial direction, the first to eighth divided inner dies 46a to 46h can be put in and out of the cylindrical member 42.
- the first to eighth divided inner dies 46a to 46h when the first to eighth divided inner dies 46a to 46h are advanced radially outward, the inner diameter surface of the cylindrical member 42 can be constrained (state shown in FIG. 26).
- the divided inner dies 46a to 46h can be advanced by inserting the insertion jig 47.
- the necking jig 48 has a necking portion 48a along the inclination angle (45 °) of the flange portion 19 in the pretreatment process at the tip, and is movable in the axial direction of the cylindrical member 42.
- the necking jig 49 has the same configuration.
- the pair of necking jigs 48 and 49 are retracted in the axial direction, the cylindrical member 42 can be taken in and out of the cylindrical space.
- both ends in the axial direction of the cylindrical member 42 can be bent inward by a predetermined angle (45 °).
- the processing jigs in the post-processing step are the necking outer dies 54a to 54d (only 54a and 54c are shown) and the necking inner dies 56a to 56h (only 56a and 56e are shown) having the same configuration as that used in the pre-processing step.
- the insertion jig 57 and a pair of necking jigs 58 and 59 are used.
- the outer mold 44 and the outer mold 54 may be the same mold, and may be shared by the pretreatment process and the posttreatment process. The same applies to the insertion jig 47 and the insertion jig 57.
- the inner and outer diameter surfaces of the cylindrical member 42 are restrained in the same procedure as in the pre-processing step, and the collar portion 19 is compressed from the axial direction by the necking jigs 58 and 59. Thereby, the angle
- the cage 33 of the present embodiment further includes a flange portion 19 extending radially inward from each of the pair of ring portions 14 and 14, and the pair of ring portions 14 and 14 and the wall thickness t1 of the flange portion 19 have a ring thickness t1. It is smaller than the thickness t2 of the boundary portion between the portion 14 and the flange portion 19. Thereby, the intensity
- the retainers 13 and 33 are manufactured using a flat steel plate as a starting material.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and a cylindrical member such as a pipe material may be manufactured as a starting material. it can.
- the first step S11 shown in FIG. 6 can be omitted.
- cage roller type needle roller bearings 11 and 31 have been shown as embodiments of the present invention.
- the present invention further includes needle rollers further including at least one of an inner ring and an outer ring. It can also be applied to bearings.
- adopted the needle roller 12 as a rolling element was shown, not only this but a cylindrical roller and a rod-shaped roller may be sufficient.
- the needle roller bearings 11 and 31 according to the above-described embodiment are particularly used by using them as, for example, idler bearings for automobile transmissions, planetary gears for automobile transmissions, and connecting rod large end bearings for motorcycle engines. There is an advantageous effect.
- This invention is advantageously used for roller bearing cages and needle roller bearings.
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 円環形状の一対のリング部と、前記一対のリング部を相互に連結する複数の柱部とを備え、隣接する前記柱部の間にころを収容するポケットが形成されているころ軸受用保持器であって、
前記柱部は、前記ポケットに対面する壁面に、径方向内側に偏在してころの径方向内側への脱落を防止する第1のころ止め部と、径方向外側に偏在してころの径方向外側への脱落を防止する第2のころ止め部とを含み、
前記第1および第2のころ止め部は、それぞれ径方向一方側からの加工のみによって形成される、ころ軸受用保持器。 - 前記第1および第2のころ止め部は、前記ころ軸受用保持器の径方向外側からの加工のみによって形成される、請求項1に記載のころ軸受用保持器。
- 前記第1のころ止め部は、前記ポケットに径方向外側から挿入される加工治具によって、前記柱部の前記ポケットに対面する壁面をしごいて形成されるバニシ爪である、請求項2に記載のころ軸受用保持器。
- 前記第2のころ止め部は、加工治具によって前記柱部の外径面をかしめて形成されるかしめ爪である、請求項2に記載のころ軸受用保持器。
- 前記柱部は、軸方向中央部領域で相対的に径方向内側に位置する柱中央部と、軸方向端部領域で相対的に径方向外側に位置する一対の柱端部と、前記柱中央部および前記一対の柱端部それぞれの間に位置する一対の柱傾斜部とを含み、
前記第1のころ止め部は前記柱中央部に、前記第2のころ止め部は前記一対の柱端部それぞれに設けられている、請求項1に記載のころ軸受用保持器。 - 前記柱中央部、前記一対の柱端部、および前記一対の柱傾斜部の各部の肉厚は、隣接する各部の境界部分の肉厚より小さい、請求項5に記載のころ軸受用保持器。
- 前記ころ軸受用保持器は、前記一対のリング部それぞれから径方向内側に延びる鍔部をさらに備え、
前記一対のリング部、および前記鍔部の肉厚は、前記リング部と前記鍔部との境界部分の肉厚より小さい、請求項1に記載のころ軸受用保持器。 - 請求項1に記載のころ軸受用保持器と、
前記ポケットに収容される複数のころとを備える、ころ軸受。 - 円環形状の一対のリング部と、前記一対のリング部を相互に連結する複数の柱部と、隣接する前記柱部の間にころを収容するポケットと、前記柱部の前記ポケットに対面する壁面に、径方向内側および径方向外側それぞれに偏在してころの脱落を防止する第1および第2のころ止め部とを備えるころ軸受用保持器の製造方法であって、
出発材料としての円筒部材に、前記一対のリング部、前記複数の柱部、および前記ポケットを形成する工程と、
前記円筒部材を径方向一方側からのみ加工して前記第1のころ止め部を形成する工程と、
前記円筒部材を径方向一方側からのみ加工して前記第2のころ止め部を形成する工程とを含む、ころ軸受用保持器の製造方法。 - 前記第1のころ止め部を形成する工程と前記第2のころ止め部を形成する工程とは、同時に行われる、請求項9に記載のころ軸受用保持器の製造方法。
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CN200980114622.4A CN102016335B (zh) | 2008-05-08 | 2009-04-10 | 滚子轴承用护圈、滚子轴承及滚子轴承用护圈的制造方法 |
US12/991,487 US20110091144A1 (en) | 2008-05-08 | 2009-04-10 | Roller bearing cage, roller bearing, and method for producing roller bearing cage |
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JP2008122057A JP5464821B2 (ja) | 2008-05-08 | 2008-05-08 | ころ軸受用保持器、ころ軸受およびころ軸受用保持器の製造方法 |
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JP (1) | JP5464821B2 (ja) |
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US9033587B1 (en) | 2013-01-29 | 2015-05-19 | Roller Bearing Company Of America, Inc. | Cage for a roller bearing and a method of manufacturing the same |
US20160363166A1 (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2016-12-15 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Radial cage for bearings having high rotational speeds |
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JP5703940B2 (ja) | 2011-04-28 | 2015-04-22 | トヨタ紡織株式会社 | 転がり軸受の加工方法及び加工装置 |
JP5886659B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-09 | 2016-03-16 | Ntn株式会社 | 保持器の加工方法 |
DE102013226750A1 (de) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-25 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Wälzlagerkäfigs |
GB2528244A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-01-20 | Skf Ab | Method for producing a cage of a roller bearing |
US9909620B2 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2018-03-06 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Radial roller cage with centerline guidance |
JP6163219B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-07-12 | Ntn株式会社 | 転がり軸受用保持器 |
DE102016211917A1 (de) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-04 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Wälzlagerkäfig oder Wälzlagerkäfigsegment |
JP6931422B2 (ja) | 2017-07-07 | 2021-09-01 | イノ−スピン エルエルシー | 半径方向壁のスルー作動式穿刺 |
DE102019204010A1 (de) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-01 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Lagerkäfig |
CN111486173B (zh) * | 2020-04-21 | 2022-08-23 | 绍兴富龙轴承有限公司 | 一种圆柱滚子轴承保持架处理工艺 |
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JP5464821B2 (ja) | 2014-04-09 |
US20110091144A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
KR20110003344A (ko) | 2011-01-11 |
CN102016335A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
KR101544630B1 (ko) | 2015-08-17 |
JP2009270641A (ja) | 2009-11-19 |
CN102016335B (zh) | 2014-09-24 |
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