WO2009128548A1 - 熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム - Google Patents
熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009128548A1 WO2009128548A1 PCT/JP2009/057802 JP2009057802W WO2009128548A1 WO 2009128548 A1 WO2009128548 A1 WO 2009128548A1 JP 2009057802 W JP2009057802 W JP 2009057802W WO 2009128548 A1 WO2009128548 A1 WO 2009128548A1
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- thermoelectric
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- steam
- heat
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
- H02J2310/12—The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
- H02J2310/14—The load or loads being home appliances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
- H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
- H02J2310/62—The condition being non-electrical, e.g. temperature
- H02J2310/64—The condition being economic, e.g. tariff based load management
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
- Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
- Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
- Y04S20/242—Home appliances
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a simulation system for thermoelectric equipment. More specifically, a plurality of thermoelectric devices are connected, and at least electric power and fuel (hereinafter referred to as “supplied energy”) are supplied, and at least of electric power, low cold water, cold water, hot water, hot water supply, high pressure steam and low pressure steam.
- supply energy at least electric power and fuel
- the air conditioner simulation system of Patent Document 1 constructs a model by individually combining simulated elements representing thermoelectric equipment. This individual combination refers to the second group of cells of each simulation element. Therefore, the construction of the model requires at least specialized knowledge that can determine the coupling relationship and the coupling order of each thermoelectric device, and the simulation could not be started easily. Also, external conditions such as “outside air wet bulb temperature, air flow rate, coil inlet / outlet air temperature” are given, and fluctuations occurring in the input / output relationship in the function of the constructed model are converged. Therefore, it is not considered at all to obtain the operating condition in accordance with the target value of the heat load actually required.
- thermoelectric supply optimization system disclosed in Patent Document 2
- an objective function is set and optimization is performed after giving equipment constraints and supply-demand balance constraints.
- Patent Documents 3 and 4 using genetic algorithms Patent Document 5 regarding cost minimization of cogeneration, Patent Document 6 regarding determination of main / thermal main operation, Patent Document regarding selection from existing energy generation facilities The same applies to 7.
- thermoelectric devices definitions between thermoelectric devices are individually set, and these definitions are extremely complicated.
- some patent documents use genetic algorithms (Patent Documents 3 and 4) and stepwise load factor settings such as 25, 50, and 75% (Patent Document 5). Yes.
- it is impossible to set operating conditions corresponding to an arbitrary load factor and it was not possible to obtain operating conditions that match the actual situation.
- the object of the present invention is to easily construct a thermoelectric facility, and to bring the operating condition including the load factor closer to the actual situation by accurately bringing any one of the combined energy close to the target value.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a simulation system for a thermoelectric facility that performs simulation.
- thermoelectric equipment simulation system is characterized in that a plurality of thermoelectric devices are connected, at least electric power and fuel (supply energy) are supplied, at least electric power, low cold water, cold water, hot water, Operating conditions of the thermoelectric equipment in the thermoelectric equipment that manufactures at least any two types of hot water supply, high-pressure steam and low-pressure steam (combined total energy) and supplies them to the utilization equipment, and the amount of energy used and / or the combined total
- a thermoelectric facility simulation system for determining the relationship with the amount of energy produced, an energy load setting unit for setting the amount of total composite energy required by the facility to be used for each time zone on a daily basis, and each thermoelectric device in advance
- the thermoelectric device is selected by operating the operation condition section and associating the thermoelectric devices with each other and the combined total energy.
- thermoelectric facility capable of freely constructing a system configuration of a thermoelectric facility in which each thermoelectric device and each thermoelectric device and the combined total energy are associated with each other, and setting process conditions of the thermoelectric facility and the utilization facility
- a process condition setting unit ; an operation condition setting unit for setting operation availability and operation priority for each thermoelectric device according to time period; and the composite result of operating the thermoelectric equipment according to the operation condition of the operation condition setting unit
- a calculation unit that calculates at least a production amount of total energy, and any one of the thermoelectric devices includes a partial load characteristic, and the calculation unit sets any production amount of the combined total energy in the energy load setting unit.
- the convergence calculation is performed by changing the load factor of the thermoelectric device so that the target value is converged.
- the system construction setting unit associates each thermoelectric device in advance and between each thermoelectric device and the combined total energy, it is possible to freely construct the system configuration of the thermoelectric facility even if it is not a skilled person. Can do.
- each thermoelectric device and each thermoelectric device are associated with the combined total energy. Then, the load factor is changed and convergence calculation is performed.
- thermoelectric facility including a gas turbine cogeneration
- the load factor is changed so as to approach the target supply power so that no reverse power flow occurs
- the change in the amount of low-pressure steam causes the equipment included in the thermoelectric facility to Since the internal power consumption also fluctuates and the target power generation amount itself fluctuates, it cannot be converged by the conventional system described above.
- the power energy balance is taken and the supplied power to the outside from which the internal power consumption is subtracted is the target value. (Including zero for internal consumption only).
- convergence calculation is performed in order to solve the problem associated with the interaction between the low-pressure steam and the electric power, but the problem of the interaction in the other two types of energy can be solved similarly.
- the combined total energy may be calculated in the order of steam energy before electric power energy and other energy before this steam energy.
- cold water and hot water can be produced from steam energy, and steam energy can be generated during the production process of electric power energy, so that energy loss can be reduced and rational calculation can be performed.
- the convergence calculation is preferably a convergence calculation by an algebraic equation numerical calculation method.
- thermoelectric devices are classified according to the system as at least a power generation system, a boiler system, a cold water system, a hot water system, a low chilled water system, and a hot water supply system, and share the load of the balance result of the series when selected. As a result, the system can be rationally constructed.
- the system configuration setting unit arbitrarily sets multiple thermoelectric devices of the same model, models with different capabilities, models with different energy for operation, or models with different manufacturers, and operates each according to the operating conditions of the operating condition setting unit It is possible to make it. Thereby, rational selection and operation setting of each device are possible.
- thermoelectric equipment includes a power generation system device having a waste heat boiler
- the power generation system device is operated with priority on the heat load
- the steam load necessary for the thermoelectric facility and / or the utilization facility is discharged from the power generation system device.
- the convergence calculation may be performed so that the amount of steam generated from the thermal boiler does not exceed, and the power generation load factor (power generation amount of each power generation system) for each time zone of the power generation system equipment may be set.
- thermoelectric equipment includes a power generation system device having a waste heat boiler, and the power generation system device is operated with priority on power load, the amount of power from the generator of the power generation system device does not reversely flow back to the power company as surplus electricity
- the power generation load factor (power generation amount of each power generation system) for each time zone of the power generation system device may be set by performing convergence calculation.
- the thermoelectric equipment includes a steam generator including a gas engine, a waste water injection type absorption chiller, and other chilled water type equipment, and the waste water injection type absorption refrigerator is manufactured based on the number of operating units and the load factor under the operating conditions.
- Calculate the amount of chilled water heat generated calculate the amount of chilled water heat generated by the exhaust-heated water absorption type absorption refrigerator that can be generated by the amount of heat discharged from the gas engine, and if this generated amount of chilled water heat is insufficient for the amount of chilled water heat
- the number of operating and / or load factor of the other chilled water system equipment is changed according to the operating conditions so that the amount of chilled water heat is supplemented by the other chilled water system equipment,
- the convergence rate is calculated by changing the load factor of the steam generating device so that it converges to the required steam amount of the other chilled water device at the load factor, and the number of operating units for each time zone of the chilled water device and / or It may be set load rate.
- the thermoelectric equipment comprises a steam generator including a gas engine, a hot water recovery heat exchanger, and other hot water system equipment, and the amount of hot water produced by the hot water recovery heat exchanger based on the number of operating units and load factor in the operating conditions.
- the number of operating units and / or load factor of the other hot water units is changed according to the operating conditions, and the amount of operating steam and / or load factor of the steam generating device is changed. Convergence calculation is performed by changing the load factor of the steam generating device so that it converges to the required steam volume of other hot water system devices, and the number of operated hot water system devices and / or the load factor may be set.
- the equipment includes the low cold water system, cold water system, hot water system, hot water supply system equipment, steam generating equipment and power generation system equipment, the operating condition setting section of the power / boiler has a minimum power purchase control designation section, and is purchased from an electric power company.
- the convergence calculation may be performed so that the electric power becomes the specified minimum power purchase amount, and the number of operating devices and / or the load factor for each time zone of the power generation system device may be set.
- the thermoelectric device has a plurality of heat source devices for any load of the combined total energy, and the overall heat balance is calculated by changing the outlet temperature of the device with a load factor exceeding 100% among the heat source devices.
- the load factor of each heat source device may be calculated again, and the outlet temperature may be changed repeatedly until the load factor of all the heat source devices becomes 100% or less. In that case, you may set the exit temperature of the apparatus in which the load factor exceeds 100% among each heat source apparatus to the temperature from which the said load factor becomes 100%.
- thermoelectric equipment it is possible to solve the problems associated with the outlet temperature setting.
- each setting unit can be recorded and stored in an electronic recording medium as a case file.
- the supply energy may further include at least one of low cold water, cold water, hot water, hot water supply, high pressure steam and low pressure steam.
- the heat exhausted from the thermoelectric equipment may be radiated to the external use water, or an air-cooled heat pump that collects heat from the air to generate heat and / or an electric heat pump system that generates heat from the external use water by heat collection may be included.
- the present invention can be implemented as a computer program realized by each of the above-described mechanisms by being read into a computer and a storage medium storing the computer program.
- the apparatus further includes a display control unit that displays and controls thermoelectric equipment as a flow diagram in which a plurality of types of thermoelectric devices, the supplied energy, and the combined total energy are connected in advance through connection lines and associated with each other. Based on the association to the selected thermoelectric device by selecting the device, the system configuration of the thermoelectric equipment is constructed, and the selected thermoelectric device and the connection line and the associated combined total energy and supply energy are identified. It may be displayed as possible.
- the device data of the selected thermoelectric device may be set using either a device template file read from the DB server or a device template file modified by the user. It is also possible to set a thermoelectric device for which no device data is input.
- thermoelectric devices displayed in an identifiable manner the fact that the setting change has been completed may be displayed in a identifiable manner on the thermoelectric devices for which the device data of the thermoelectric device has been set.
- thermoelectric device includes a heat source device
- the calculation determination unit has insufficient capability of the device set by the operation condition setting unit.
- the number of heat source devices having the lowest operation priority set in the operation condition setting unit so that the convergence calculation is completed is increased, and the calculation unit is changed. It is desirable to perform convergence calculation again based on the number of devices.
- the calculation unit performs calculation with the required number according to the priority order.
- the calculation determination unit may display the increased operating condition of the heat source device together with at least the type of the heat source device that has increased.
- thermoelectric facility For the power load set in the energy load setting unit in the thermoelectric facility, select whether to use only the power load used in the utilization facility or the power load used in both the utilization facility and the thermoelectric facility.
- the steam load it has a setting unit that can select and switch between the steam load used in the equipment used or the steam load used in both the equipment used and the thermoelectric equipment. Also good.
- thermoelectric equipment By designating time in the operating conditions and selecting any of the displayed thermoelectric equipment, the supplied energy and the combined total energy, the calculation result of the computing unit at the designated time of the operating conditions is displayed. Also good.
- thermoelectric facility According to the characteristics of the simulation system for a thermoelectric facility according to the present invention, it is possible to easily construct a thermoelectric facility, and actual conditions of operation conditions including a load factor can be obtained by accurately bringing any one of the composite total energy close to the target value. It is now possible to simulate the approach.
- thermoelectric device set in the power cost and system construction setting section Furthermore, it is now possible to easily make these settings even for non-experts by inputting from the database the device performance input to the thermoelectric device set in the power cost and system construction setting section. Then, the conditions and parameters set in each setting unit are recorded and stored as a case file in an electronic recording medium, and shared by a network or the like, thereby enabling rational energy-saving consulting for users.
- thermoelectric equipment used as the object of the simulation system concerning the present invention. It is a block diagram of the thermoelectric equipment which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention.
- (A), (b) is a figure which shows an example of the display form of the flowchart of a thermoelectric installation. It is a business data flow figure of the simulation system concerning the present invention. It is a hardware block diagram of the simulation system which concerns on this invention. It is a software block diagram of the simulation system according to the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows the setting procedure of each setting part. It is a figure which shows an example of thermoelectric load data.
- FIG. 9B is a diagram corresponding to FIG. It is an example of the graph of an annual electric power balance. It is an example of the graph of an annual low pressure steam balance. It is an example of a graph of an annual cold water balance. It is a block diagram which shows the relationship between a gas engine, a warm water absorption refrigerator, and another cold water system apparatus. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the amount of cold water manufacture of each chilled water type apparatus shown in FIG. 11, and a load factor. It is a flowchart of the load factor calculation of chilled water system equipment. It is a block diagram of each cold water system apparatus.
- FIG. 1a illustrates a general system diagram of a thermoelectric facility that is an object of the present invention.
- the thermoelectric facility M is composed of a plurality of thermoelectric devices.
- the thermoelectric facility M illustrated in the figure includes steam R (high pressure steam R1 and low pressure steam R2), fossil fuel and other fuels (hereinafter simply referred to as “fuel”) R3, electric power R4, as shown in Table 1a below.
- Steam R5 and hot water R6 are supplied, steam S (high-pressure steam S1 and low-pressure steam S2), cold water S3 and 4, hot water S5 and 6, hot water supply S7, electric power S8 are manufactured and used facilities (buildings, factories, district heating and cooling, etc.) To be supplied.
- thermoelectric devices are roughly the power generation system device M100, the boiler system device M200, the chilled water system device M300, the hot water system device M400, the low chilled water system device M500, the hot water supply system device M600, the cooling tower system device M700 (group cooling tower), and the heat storage system.
- the devices are classified into systems M800 and pump system M900, and the above-described thermoelectric equipment is constructed by appropriately combining them.
- the thermoelectric devices included in each system M100 to 900 are listed in Table 1b, for example.
- Table 1b is only an example, for example, a low chilled water type electric turbo chiller or a low chilled water type electric heat pump may be provided as the low chilled water type device so that the low chilled water is supplied.
- GENELINK registered trademark
- a heat source device means the thing remove
- the simulation system 1 is configured as shown in FIG. 2a, and a plurality of user terminals 2 and an administrator terminal 3 are connected to the DB server 4 through a network 5.
- the hardware configuration of the user terminal 2 and the administrator terminal 3 is configured as shown in FIG. 2b and Table 1c.
- the hardware of each terminal generally includes a user interface 6, a CPU 7, and the like, and performs processing by operating data and programs 7x to 7z.
- the user interface 6 includes a monitor 6a, a keyboard 6b, and a mouse 6c, and is used by the user to operate buttons and input fields on a display screen described later.
- the user interface 6 is connected to the CPU 7, the temporary storage memory 7b, the HDD 7c, the network adapter 7d and the like through a bus 7a such as a data bus and an address bus.
- the CPU 7, the temporary storage memory 7b, the HDD 7c, and the like form a calculation unit 7p in cooperation with each other, and operate the data, application program, and the like.
- the database group 100 of the DB server 4 (hereinafter, “database” is abbreviated as “DB”) includes a power charge DB 101, an environmental load DB 102, and a device performance DB 103.
- DB 101 information related to the price of supplied energy such as a power charge is stored and stored.
- the environmental load DB 102 stores environmental load data (unit environmental load) created from various published data.
- the equipment performance DB 103 includes the equipment partial load characteristics, changes in equipment efficiency due to the outside air temperature and wet bulb temperature, internal power consumption, and restrictions on equipment built into the system, etc. , Stored by ability, and incorporated into the system of FIG.
- the user of this system accesses the DB server 4 through the network 5 such as TCP / IP, and reads and reads the power charge data file 101a, the environmental load data file 102a, and the manufacturer / device data template file 103a from each DB 101-103. Save as data 100a. By reading these data, it is possible to use data that is not described in the catalog, data of updated devices, data of new models, and the like.
- the power rate data and the environmental load data can be manually changed to the evaluation data unique to each user and can be simulated, and stored in the case file 106.
- conditions and parameters set in each setting unit described later can be recorded as a case file in the HDD 7c which is an electronic recording medium.
- the electronic recording medium is not limited to the HDD 7c, and various removable disks such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, and a RAM can be used as the electronic recording medium.
- Each read data 100a can be corrected by the user in this system.
- equipment performance data of absorption chillers coefficient of performance, COP, abbreviation of CoefficientCoOf Performance, the same applies hereinafter
- COP coefficient of performance
- CoefficientCoOf Performance abbreviation of CoefficientCoOf Performance
- thermoelectric load file 104 a processing application 7y and a load creation application 7z are operated.
- the load creation application 7 z creates a thermoelectric load according to the situation and stores it in the thermoelectric load file 104. Then, these can be operated, and the simulation data that has been corrected to the data matched to the energy system evaluated by the user and stored can be stored as the case file 106 and the thermoelectric load file 104.
- output can be performed as an output graph, a form display 155, a simple print 156, and a file (table format) 157. The user can read the case file 106 at any time and evaluate the energy saving effect and the like.
- any one of the thermoelectric devices of the energy system includes partial load characteristics
- the calculation unit 7p has a load factor of the thermoelectric device such that any production amount of the combined total energy becomes a target value set by the energy load setting unit. Change convergence to calculate convergence.
- the calculating part 7p is provided with the calculation determination part 7q which determines the number of thermoelectric devices and changes the number so that convergence calculation may be completed.
- thermoelectric device For example, if an excessive number or an inappropriate type of thermoelectric device is selected in the operating condition setting unit 40, it can be assumed that the convergence calculation does not converge to the target value. In such a case, in the heat source device, only the number corresponding to the heat load is started in accordance with the set priority order, and the calculation unit 7p performs convergence calculation again based on the number.
- the power generation system equipment can be processed by purchasing electricity and is configured not to automatically start up in order to reduce the load of convergence calculation.
- the calculation determination unit 7q is set. Increase one heat source device with the lowest priority and perform convergence calculation again. Repeat until this convergence calculation is complete, and increase the number to match the load.
- the heat source device with the lowest priority is considered to be less important in the system configuration of the normal thermoelectric facility, and the influence on the entire thermoelectric facility is small.
- recalculation can be easily performed. Thereby, it is possible to perform a simulation quickly without greatly affecting the entire thermoelectric facility.
- calculation determination unit 7q displays the increased type of the heat source device and the increased operation time (operating condition) of the heat source device on the screen together with the increased number of units. Thereby, the user can set the optimal operation plan and construct the system of the thermoelectric facility with reference to the simulation result.
- the individual data 100b such as a case file created by the user is stored in the individual data group 110 of the DB server.
- This case file is read from the administrator terminal 3 and a case study is performed.
- the case file that is the result of the consulting is stored again in the individual data group 110, and the user refers to it again.
- the use of the administrator terminal 3 and the DB server 4 as consultants and the user of this system can implement energy saving measures in a form that can be seen with a common simulation tool.
- FIG. 1b shows a block flow of the thermoelectric equipment M in the present embodiment.
- the thermoelectric equipment M is constituted by a gas turbine cogeneration M120, a low pressure boiler M220, an absorption chiller M310, and a turbo chiller M350.
- the gas turbine cogeneration M120 includes an exhaust heat boiler M120a.
- the software configuration of the simulation system 1 is roughly the energy load setting unit 10, the basic condition setting unit 20, the system construction setting unit 30, the operation condition setting unit 40, and the operation result output unit 50.
- the DB group 100 stores various data read by each setting unit, and includes a power charge DB 101, an environmental load DB 102, and a device performance DB 103.
- the basic condition setting unit 20 includes a utility cost setting unit 21, a process condition setting unit 22, an environmental load setting unit 23, and a temperature data setting unit 24.
- the utility cost setting unit 21 includes a power cost setting unit 21a and a fuel cost setting unit 21b. Utility costs are determined by multiplying the amount of energy used and the price of energy.
- FIG. 3 shows a setting procedure of each setting unit of the simulation system.
- the energy load is set by the energy load setting unit 10 (S201).
- the process condition of the heat medium is set by the process condition setting unit 22 (S202).
- the environmental load data and the utility cost are set by reading from the environmental load DB 102 and the power charge DB 101 by the environmental load setting unit 23 and the utility cost setting unit 21 (S203, 204).
- the system construction setting unit 30 selects the thermoelectric device and reads the device performance data to construct the thermoelectric facility (S206, 207), and the operation condition setting unit 40 sets the operation condition in the constructed thermoelectric facility. (S208).
- thermoelectric equipment The construction status of the thermoelectric equipment is appropriately displayed on the flowchart via the display control unit 70.
- the conditions set in the above steps can be appropriately stored as individual data 100b such as the user device template file 103b, the thermoelectric load file 104, and the case file 106 by the case file etc. creation unit 60.
- individual data 100b such as the user device template file 103b, the thermoelectric load file 104, and the case file 106 by the case file etc. creation unit 60.
- various settings of the DB group 100 are set in each step described above, various settings can be performed using the stored individual data 100b.
- the time unit and / or yearly simulation is executed by the calculation unit 7p (S209).
- the result is output by the operation result output unit 50 in the form of a graph or a form as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 (S210). It is also possible to perform simulation repeatedly by changing the conditions. In such a case, operation priority, operation availability and minimum power purchase, change of electric power, heat main, etc. (S211) are performed under operating conditions, and addition, change, deletion, etc. of equipment for comparative study (S212) are system Do it in the build settings. Then, the simulation is executed again and output (S209, 210).
- the energy balance step is abbreviated as “EB”.
- the general processing procedure is as follows: cold water EB (S01), hot water EB (S02), low pressure steam EB (S03), high pressure steam EB (S04), gas engine exhaust hot water EB (S05), hot water supply EB. (S06) and electric power EB (S07).
- S01 cold water EB
- S02 hot water EB
- S03 low pressure steam EB
- S04 high pressure steam EB
- S05 gas engine exhaust hot water EB
- S05 hot water supply EB.
- S06 electric power EB
- the energy load setting unit 10 sets the amount of composite energy required by the facility to be used for each time period, by month, by day, and by pattern.
- a chilled water load, a power load, a chilled water supply temperature, and a chilled water return temperature are set as the outside air temperature, wet bulb temperature, and thermoelectric load data.
- the outside air temperature is related to the intake temperature of the gas turbine, and the intake air temperature is a parameter of the gas turbine power generation amount.
- the intake air temperature is defined as the outside air temperature + the arbitrary temperature, for example, + 2 ° C.
- the wet bulb temperature affects the cooling water temperature and becomes a variable of the absorption chiller and turbo chiller performance (COP) and is related to power consumption and fossil fuel consumption.
- the cooling water temperature is defined as a wet bulb temperature + an arbitrary temperature, for example, + 5 ° C.
- the outside air temperature and the wet bulb temperature are set using data downloaded from the HP of the Japan Meteorological Agency, for example.
- river water temperature, sea water temperature, sewage / well water temperature, etc. can be set monthly for each time zone.
- Thermoelectric load data such as chilled water load, low chilled water load, hot water load, low pressure steam, high pressure steam, hot water supply load, electric power load, etc., if the thermoelectric equipment is already in operation, is collected at the time of operation. Can be set using.
- this energy load setting can be set with 24 hours of data for 12 months up to a maximum of eight patterns of each month, and further, the load on the summer design day and the winter design day can be set.
- the summer design date is a maximum load of cold heat that is predicted, for example, a load that is increased by 15% in August, or the like.
- the winter design day is the maximum heat load that is predicted, for example, a 15% increase in February.
- the supply temperature and return temperature of cold water, low cold water, and hot water can be set in the same manner.
- outside air temperature and wet bulb temperature can also be set in the temperature data setting unit 24. It is possible to select whether to use the outside air temperature and wet bulb temperature of the energy load setting unit 10 or the temperature data setting unit 24. This makes it possible to quickly examine the case where the installation location is different by switching the outside air temperature and the wet bulb temperature. Further, the temperature data setting unit 24 sets the river water temperature, the seawater temperature, etc. in addition to the outside air temperature and the wet bulb temperature.
- the process condition setting unit 22 sets the heat medium process conditions such as basic conditions, fuel data, types of recovered steam such as electric system / steam system and gas turbine.
- the process condition setting unit 22 selects whether to use the temperature difference of the heat medium, the outside air temperature, and the wet bulb temperature of the energy load setting unit 10, and each of the supply temperature and the return temperature of the cold water, the hot water, and the low cold water.
- the conditions of high pressure and low pressure steam pressure MpaG, steam enthalpy kJ / kg, enthalpy of return water kJ / kg, steam recovery rate%) are set.
- the steam pressure is set, and when either saturated steam or superheated steam is selected as the steam type, it is determined whether the steam pressure is superheated steam or saturated steam. .
- saturated steam the saturated steam enthalpy is calculated based on the set pressure, and the calculation result is input as the steam enthalpy.
- superheated steam when the superheated steam temperature is input, the superheated steam enthalpy is calculated, and the calculation result is input as the steam enthalpy.
- each pressure of a high pressure steam and a low pressure steam can be set separately, and all the calculation procedures are the same.
- the minimum bypass amount is set to 0
- the pressure of the low pressure (saturated) steam is set to 0.785 MpaG which is the steam condition of the absorption refrigerator
- the enthalpy of the low pressure (saturated) steam 2770.9 kJ / kg which is the calculation result of is input.
- thermoelectric load data In the fuel process conditions, set the calorific value and specific gravity of gas, heavy oil, kerosene and other oils.
- power load of thermoelectric load data For the electric system and steam system, set the power load of thermoelectric load data, breakdown of low-pressure steam load, supply destination of generated power, gas turbine and additional gas turbine, gas engine recovery steam type, and power recovery by steam decompression To do.
- the breakdown of the power load of the thermoelectric load data selects whether the power load set by the energy load setting unit 10 is a power load supplied to other than the thermoelectric facility or a power load including the power of the thermoelectric facility. By setting the load other than the thermoelectric facility, the power load set by the energy load setting unit 10 is set as the power supplied to the utilization facility.
- the breakdown of the low-pressure steam load in the thermoelectric load data is to select whether the low-pressure steam load is a steam load supplied to other than the thermoelectric equipment or a steam load generated in the thermoelectric equipment.
- the set steam load is the steam supplied to the use equipment.
- the total steam load steam load from the steam generator
- thermoelectric equipment M which concerns on this embodiment, since there is no pressure reduction from a high pressure steam to a low pressure steam, it has not set.
- Each recovery steam type selects whether the steam generated from the power generation system equipment (gas turbine, additional gas turbine, gas engine) is low-pressure steam or high-pressure steam. For example, when “low pressure steam” is set, it is specified that the steam supply destination from the exhaust heat boiler M120a of the gas turbine M120 is supplied to the low pressure steam side.
- the power supply destination is set to determine where to supply and use the electricity generated by the power generation system equipment, to bear the power of the thermoelectric equipment and the use equipment, to bear the power of the thermoelectric equipment only, and to the use equipment only choose from one of the burdens of power. For example, when “the power burden of the thermoelectric facility and the customer (utilization facility)” is selected, electric power is supplied to both the utilization facility and the thermoelectric facility. Electricity is generated with respect to the total power, and the shortage is set to be purchased.
- the power is balanced so that the power generation equipment generates power according to the amount of power consumed by the thermoelectric equipment.
- the power is balanced so that the power generation equipment generates power according to the amount of power other than the heat source. In other words, the amount of power generated by the power generation system device varies depending on the determination of the supply destination of the generated power.
- thermoelectric facility M As shown in FIG. 6, assuming that the amount of power E1 consumed by the thermoelectric facility M, the amount of power E2 consumed by the utilization facility F, and the amount of power generated Ea (Ea1 to Ea3) of the power generation equipment M100, only the thermoelectric facility M
- Ea1> E1 the convergence calculation is performed so that no reverse tide occurs.
- the convergence calculation is performed so that no reverse tide occurs if Ea3> E2. That is, the amount of power to be converged is different. This also applies to steam.
- the energy evaluation is performed by selecting the power load by using only the power load used in the use facility or by selecting the power load used in both the use facility and the thermoelectric facility.
- the steam load can be switched and selected by selecting whether it is only the steam load used in the use facility or the steam load used in both the use facility and the thermoelectric facility. can do.
- the basic conditions are set to the target temperature difference of cold water, the low-pressure steam pressure, and the enthalpy thereof.
- the setting of the fuel data is a setting of the lower gas calorific value and specific gravity.
- the condition setting of the electric system / steam system is a setting in which the breakdown of the electric power load is set only to a load (utilization equipment) other than the thermoelectric equipment, and the breakdown of the steam load is set only to supply other than the thermoelectric (use equipment).
- the type of recovered steam such as gas turbine is set to low pressure steam.
- the environmental load data setting unit 23 sets the environmental load data. Specifically, the power consumption, fossil fuel, and other fuel consumptions obtained under the conditions set by the energy load setting unit 10, the basic condition setting unit 20, the system construction setting unit 30, and the operation condition setting unit 40
- the environmental load data (unit environmental load) is multiplied to set the environmental load (primary energy, CO 2 , NOx, SOx).
- the data to be set includes CO 2 , NOx, SOx emission basic units and crude oil equivalent values for each of electric power, gas, kerosene, heavy oil, and other oils.
- the primary energy conversion value is further set for the electric power. Moreover, electric power can be set for every time slot
- the power cost setting unit 21a and the fuel cost setting unit 21b set the power and fuel cost.
- the power cost setting unit 21a sets the power cost determined according to the power contract type, the added type of the selected contract, and the power consumption amount.
- the power contract type is set by selecting one from the contract types of high-voltage / special high-voltage power, seasonal / hourly power, and hourly power. For example, in the case of a high-voltage / special high-voltage power contract, the basic charge unit price, contract power, power factor and monthly pay-per-charge for the high-voltage / special high-voltage power contract are set.
- the selection clause is added by appropriately selecting the selection clause from the peak power adjustment contract, reserve power contract, heat storage adjustment contract, self-supplied power supply, and ancillary service.
- the fuel cost setting unit 21b sets the cost of fossil fuel and other fuels.
- the basic rate of the gas rate is set as a fixed rate basic rate for summer and winter, items to be set for each basic flow rate, and a summer rate and winter rate for each month.
- the unit price for heavy oil, kerosene, and other oils is set on a monthly basis in the oil fuel fee column.
- the system construction setting unit 30 constructs the system configuration of the thermoelectric equipment M.
- a gas turbine generator, a low pressure boiler, an absorption refrigerator, and a turbo refrigerator are selected and set.
- This system construction setting unit 30 arbitrarily sets a plurality of thermoelectric devices of the same model, models with different capabilities, models with different energy for operation, or models with different manufacturers, and sets each according to the operating conditions of the operating condition setting unit 40. It is possible to operate.
- Each performance data of the thermoelectric device is stored in the device performance DB 103 of the DB group 100, and is set by reading this performance data in the device data reading (S207).
- the device performance DB 103 is sorted and stored by device, manufacturer, model number, fuel, capacity, and performance for each device system described above.
- the performance data is read by selecting these classifications via the system construction setting unit 30 and the display control unit 70.
- the display control unit 70 displays a flow chart as shown in FIG. 1a and constructs a thermoelectric equipment system on the flow chart.
- This flow chart shows a plurality of types of thermoelectric equipment that can constitute the thermoelectric equipment M, supply energy that is supplied to the thermoelectric equipment M and received by each thermoelectric equipment, and composite total energy that is manufactured by the thermoelectric equipment M and supplied to the use equipment Is previously connected by a connection line.
- thermoelectric devices specify the energy to be received and the energy to be manufactured and supplied depending on the type of the thermoelectric device. Therefore, a thermoelectric facility in which each thermoelectric device and energy received and / or manufactured by the thermoelectric device are connected in association with a connection line can be created in advance as a flow diagram. Connection lines are allocated for each energy received and / or manufactured.
- thermoelectric equipment M By selecting a thermoelectric device on the flow chart as described above, the set thermoelectric device and energy are displayed in an identifiable manner, so that the relationship between the thermoelectric device and energy can be visually understood. Therefore, it is possible to construct a system of the thermoelectric equipment M without being an advanced expert.
- the solid line of FIG. 1b shows the internal electric power in each apparatus M120, M220, M310. This internal power contributes to the change of the energy balance, and the energy balance is maintained by the convergence calculation.
- the flow diagrams shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b are merely examples, and can be set as appropriate. A plurality of types of flow diagrams may be created and stored in advance.
- each component such as a thermoelectric device is displayed lightly.
- setting of the device data of the low pressure boiler M220 is started.
- the setting of the device data is performed using, for example, a device data template file (device performance data) 103a read and stored from the device performance DB 103. It is also possible to make settings using a user-specific device template file 103b that is manually corrected and stored by the user.
- thermoelectric device from which the device data has been read is displayed darker than the initial display as shown in FIG. 1c (a), and is displayed so as to be distinguishable from other thermoelectric devices. As a result, the user can visually recognize the status of system construction and can easily confirm it.
- “identifiable” refers to an aspect in which a thermoelectric device that has not been read and a thermoelectric device that has been read can be visually distinguished on the display screen. As shown in b), the line thickness, color change, or both color and shade may be changed. In the above setting, the device data may be directly input and set.
- the selected low-pressure boiler M220 is connected to the fuel R3 as received energy and the steam S2 as production energy through a connection line associated in advance. Therefore, by selecting the low pressure boiler M220, the fuel R3 and the steam S2 are interlocked with the selection, and the connection line and energy are also displayed in an identifiable manner. Further, the low pressure header H2 to which the steam S2 is supplied from the low pressure boiler M220 is also displayed so as to be identifiable. Thereby, the flow of energy can be grasped visually on the flow. And the thermoelectric equipment M is constructed
- thermoelectric device from which the device data has been read there are items that are manually set by the user when performing the simulation, so there may be a case where there is a leakage in the setting items. Therefore, when the reading and setting are normally completed, the display control unit 70 displays the completion of the setting change on the thermoelectric device as a completion display so as to be further identifiable.
- completion display indicates that among thermoelectric devices that are displayed in an identifiable manner, thermoelectric devices that have been successfully read and set, and thermoelectric devices that have undergone configuration omission are displayed in a more identifiable manner. , Refers to an embodiment in which these can be distinguished.
- the display includes a display (warning display) of a thermoelectric device having a setting omission in a mode different from a normally set thermoelectric device.
- the completion display only needs to be a mode in which the normal setting thermoelectric device can be distinguished from other thermoelectric devices, and in addition to the display shading and line thickness, the color change or both the color and shading may be changed. Absent. As a result, a warning can be given visually to the user, and normal setting can be completed. Further, when the setting is corrected, the display mode may be changed to display completion. In addition, it is also possible to display in a further distinguishable manner according to the importance of the item of setting omission.
- the display control unit 70 displays the number and basic capabilities of the thermoelectric device on the flow diagram. For example, as shown in the figure, the design capability, the number, and the manufacturer name are displayed for each model of the low-pressure boiler M220 set in the display window 71. With this information, at least the setting state of the thermoelectric device can be easily confirmed on the flow.
- the operation conditions are set in the operation condition setting unit 40 for each thermoelectric device of the thermoelectric equipment M for which the system construction is completed. Note that the flow diagram and the above information can be output and printed as appropriate.
- the device classification set on the initial screen may be selected, and the device may be selected on the selection screen for each device classification.
- a chilled water system is selected from a list as shown in Table 1b, and an absorption refrigerator is selected, and all models having product names, model numbers, fuel types, etc. of all manufacturers are displayed. Then, the manufacturer is selected, and various devices on which the device name, model number, capability, and the like are displayed are displayed.
- a list necessary for selecting equipment such as cooling capacity (KW, URST) and COP is displayed according to the capacity of the selected model. Check the main specifications, common conditions, remarks, etc. of the equipment and select the equipment. .
- thermoelectric equipment M is constructed.
- each thermoelectric device is classified, even if it is a thermoelectric equipment provided with various thermoelectric devices as shown in Tables 1a and b, it can be easily and freely read by reading from the device performance DB 103. Equipment can be built.
- thermoelectric equipment that constitutes the thermoelectric equipment is classified by series and organized by equipment type, so at least equipment classified by series as power generation system, boiler system, cold water system, hot water system, low chilled water system and hot water supply system Is selected and the device data is read, it is regarded as the device selected for that system, and between each thermoelectric device and between each thermoelectric device and the combined total energy system and supply energy according to the function of each system Can be set. As a result, each device is properly connected when it is read, and can play a role of sharing the load of the balance result of the series. However, in the selection of the device, only the thermoelectric facility is configured, and the device is operated according to the priority order set by the operation condition setting unit 40.
- the equipment performance data of the gas turbine cogeneration M120 includes the operating load ratio%, power generation efficiency%, and exhaust heat boiler heat recovery percentage% for each gas turbine intake air temperature (for example, 0 ° C, 15 ° C, 30 ° C) as shown in Table 2. Includes relationships. Based on this relationship, the performance of the time is determined by the outside air temperature set in the energy load setting unit 10. By setting as shown in Table 2, the power generation efficiency and heat recovery rate are determined at an intake air temperature of 15 ° C. and a load factor as illustrated in FIG. 5 by a multivariate regression equation model with the explanatory variables as intake air temperature and load factor. Is done.
- the intake air temperature can be changed, and the performance curve for each temperature can be displayed in the same graph as in FIG. 5 by changing the intake air temperature.
- the power generation efficiency and the heat recovery rate are determined based on the intake air temperature and the load factor by this regression equation.
- the output limit setting sets the operation lower limit, the upper limit, the intake air temperature at the start of the limit, the value of the ratio% to the rated output, and whether the output limit approximation is linear approximation or quadratic curve approximation.
- the power consumption of the auxiliary machine sets the output% of the rated load and partial load (at 50% load operation).
- the gas to gas weight ratio% is set. Set how many minutes the energy loss at startup (equivalent to rated operation (15 ° C load factor 100%)) corresponds.
- the main engine capacity / number / fuel, NOx value, capacity per gas turbine and the amount of water consumed will be set.
- it is set where the heat exhausted from the gas turbine is exhausted. Since the power generation output decreases as the outside air temperature increases, intake air cooling can be set.
- intake air cooling can be set.
- thermoelectric installation shown in FIG. 1b since it does not employ
- the equipment performance data of the gas turbine cogeneration M120 is read by the system construction setting unit 30 by selecting the power generation system, capability, manufacturer, etc. from the equipment performance DB 103. Data is set by reading this data.
- the connection destination of the steam generated from the cogeneration exhaust heat boiler is supplied to the low-pressure steam set by the type of the recovered steam of the gas turbine and the additional cooking gas turbine in the process condition setting unit 22.
- the generated low pressure steam pressure and enthalpy are generated at the low pressure steam pressure of 0.785 MpaG and the low pressure steam enthalpy of 2770.9 kJ / kg set by the process condition setting unit 22.
- the equipment performance data of the low pressure boiler M220 sets the thermal efficiency% at a plurality of arbitrary load factors% of the low pressure boiler. Similarly to the above, the blowdown amount, the capacity / number / fuel of the main engine, the NOx value, the power consumption of the auxiliary machine, and the energy loss at startup are set. Similarly to the above, the performance data of the low-pressure boiler M220 device is set by reading the data. The connection destination of the steam generated from the low pressure boiler and the pressure and enthalpy of the low pressure steam are set under the conditions set in the process condition setting unit 22 as described above.
- the equipment performance data of the absorption chiller M310 sets COPs during cold water mode operation at an arbitrary plurality of partial load factors. By setting these, similarly to the above regression equation, the relationship between the COP in each mode and the changing COP% is set using the cooling water temperature as a parameter. In addition, design temperature differences between cold water and cooling water are set.
- the cooling water temperature can be set to, for example, a wet bulb temperature + 5 ° C. by assigning an arbitrary temperature to the outside air wet bulb temperature, river water, and seawater temperature data, and the lower limit value at which the device can be operated is also set. Further, the CPO and outlet temperature in each mode may be added to the parameters. The same applies to the following devices.
- the relationship between the cold water mode COP and the COP% changing with the cooling water temperature as a parameter and the relationship with the cooling tower capacity with the wet bulb temperature as a parameter are obtained by the above regression equation.
- the relationship between the outside air wet bulb temperature of the attached cooling tower and the cooling capacity is set using the above regression equation.
- the power consumption of the pump is set.
- the power consumption of the pump sets the heads of the cold water pump and the cooling water pump. Since the head varies depending on the equipment, enter it manually. Further, the flow rate control method of the pump is set to a constant flow rate, for example. Furthermore, the power consumption and the energy loss at the time of starting of the auxiliary machine of an absorption refrigerator are set similarly to the above.
- the pump efficiency and the like are automatically calculated and set.
- motor efficiency is calculated similarly.
- the specific gravity is 1 because cold water and cooling water are also water.
- the pump capacity It is calculated by internal calculation from the amount of heat processed by the thermoelectric machine and the temperature difference.
- the pump efficiency is obtained using the obtained pump capacity.
- the A efficiency of JISJB8313 is approximated by a logarithmic cubic expression of the pump capacity.
- the motor shaft power is obtained, and the motor margin is calculated based on the pump shaft power.
- the pump head refers to the value entered above.
- the required motor power is calculated from the obtained motor margin ratio and motor shaft power.
- the motor efficiency is calculated based on the calculated required motor power.
- the motor and pump total efficiency is calculated from the obtained motor efficiency and pump efficiency, and the calculation result is set as the pump efficiency.
- the pump capacity, pump shaft power, and required motor power obtained in the above steps are stored as internal data.
- a place to exhaust the exhaust heat generated from the absorption refrigerator will be set. It is possible to select between exhaust heat from the attached cooling tower or exhaust heat from the group cooling tower. Also, instead of the exhaust heat from these cooling towers, direct heat exhaust from river water / sea water and indirect exhaust heat from river water / sea water (via a heat exchanger), which are the external water W shown in FIG. It is also possible to select.
- the external use water W includes river water / seawater, sewage, well water, sewage treated water, and the like. When river water / seawater is selected, heat is exhausted using the temperature data set by the temperature data setting unit 24 of the basic condition setting unit 20.
- seawater is selected and exhausted to seawater and radiated to the sea under the described temperature conditions.
- the water pump M960 of FIG. 1a is added to the thermoelectric equipment to exchange heat of the exhaust heat and similarly radiated to the sea.
- thermoelectric equipment is equipped with a heat pump such as an air-cooled heat pump or an electric heat pump
- a heat pump such as an air-cooled heat pump or an electric heat pump
- Air-cooled heat pumps are devices that produce hot water (heat) from the outside air temperature (air).
- the electric heat pump is a device that can also extract hot water (heat) from the cooling tower or the external use water W. Since hot water is used for heating and has a heavy load in winter, the COP of an air-cooled heat pump that collects heat from air with a low outside air temperature is small and the efficiency is low.
- the external use water W is higher than the outside air temperature even in winter, it is possible to efficiently produce heat with a high COP by collecting heat from the external use water W with an electric heat pump.
- the heat collection source of the electric heat pump is set by selecting river water / sea water.
- the performance data of the absorption refrigerator M310 is also set by reading the data in the same manner as described above.
- the supply of steam, the pressure and enthalpy of low-pressure steam are the same as described above.
- the equipment performance data of the turbo chiller M350 sets the capacity and number of main machines. Further, the partial load factor and the COP during the cold water operation are set, and the relationship between the cold water COP and the COP% that changes with the cooling water temperature as a parameter is set. Set the design cold water temperature difference, cooling water temperature difference and cooling water temperature. These settings are the same as those of the absorption refrigerator. Similarly, the relationship between the COP changing with the cold water COP and the load factor as a parameter and the relationship between the COP% changing with the cold water COP and the cooling water temperature as a parameter are also obtained by a regression equation. The pump efficiency and the waste heat destination are also set in the same manner as the absorption refrigerator, and are set by reading the device data.
- the performance data and the like can be arbitrarily changed for each of the above device performance data, and the system construction setting unit 30 can add a comment such as the reason for the change. Further, the changed device performance data can be saved as the device template file 103b. Furthermore, the main specification table of the device can be confirmed at any time and used as device data.
- the operation condition setting unit 40 sets operation feasibility and / or operation priority for each thermoelectric device for each month, day, and time period in the operation condition setting (S208).
- the operation plan of the thermoelectric device is constructed by setting the operation conditions. As shown in FIG. 7, a daytime operation plan for the power generation equipment and boiler equipment is set. In this setting screen, the daytime time (for example, from 8:00 to 22:00) is divided into two arbitrary time zones, and up to the sixth priority is arbitrarily set for each time zone according to the state of each load. .
- the figure is merely an example of setting, and the number of settable time zones and the priority order can be appropriately increased or decreased.
- the operation method is selected and set between power load priority and heat load priority.
- the operation of the low pressure boiler and the gas turbine cogeneration is set from 8 o'clock to 18 o'clock, and the operation of the power generation system equipment is given priority to the power load.
- the operation of the low-pressure boiler gas turbine cogeneration is set, and the operation method of the power load is selected for the operation of the power generation system equipment.
- the item for setting the minimum amount of electric power purchased in the daytime defines the minimum amount of electric power purchased from the electric power company, and is set to 0 KW in FIG.
- select and set the load sharing method for power generation equipment that specifies the operation control method for multiple power generation equipment.
- This figure shows an example in which “partial load only for the last machine” is set. “Last machine only partial load” is set when the power generation amount is adjusted by partial load operation of the device specified at the end of the operation priority. Also, “all GT / all GE same load operation” and “last model only uniform load” can be set. “All GT / all GE same load operation” is set when the power generation amount is adjusted by operating all the set generator gas turbines and gas engines at the same load.
- the setting of “Uniform load only for the last model” is that there are multiple devices with the last priority specified by multiple generators, and the power generation amount is adjusted by the multiple devices with the last priority.
- various generator control methods can be considered.
- the night time (for example, from 22:00 to 8:00) can be set in the same manner as described above. Daytime and nighttime time zones can be freely changed, and daylight saving time can also be handled.
- the daytime time (from 8 o'clock to 22:00) is divided into arbitrary four time zones, and the maximum priority is set for each time zone according to the load situation. Note that the number and priority of the set time zones can be appropriately increased or decreased as described above. In addition to the priority order, the outlet temperature of each device is also set. Low cold water system equipment can be set in the same way.
- Each received amount sets a plurality of arbitrary time zones, and sets the received amount in each time zone. For example, assuming that a maximum of 1 t / h of low-pressure steam is received from a day and night waste incineration facility, when the amount of low-pressure steam used by the thermoelectric facility is smaller than 1 t / h, only the amount of steam necessary for the thermoelectric facility is accepted.
- thermoelectric equipment can be set by the operation condition setting unit 40 while referring to the energy load set by the energy load setting unit 10.
- the equipment used in the daytime of the power generation boiler is a gas turbine and a low pressure boiler, and the power generation system equipment is automatically set to have priority over the boiler.
- the gas turbine is set as a priority.
- the minimum power purchase amount is set to 0 KW.
- the facility used in the daytime of cold water warm water is made into an absorption refrigerator and an electric turbo refrigerator, and the setting which gives priority to an absorption refrigerator is performed.
- only the absorption refrigerator is set at night. These are set for 12 months.
- Monthly, daily, and pattern-specific operating conditions created as described above can be duplicated, overwriting the daily operating conditions for other months, or partially modified if necessary, to quickly create operating conditions. Can do.
- the operation result output unit 50 outputs the simulation results as time zones and / or as annual calculations.
- Output formats include graphs and forms.
- FIGS. 9a and 9c show the power balance results
- FIGS. 9b and 9d show the steam balance results.
- FIGS 10a-c show graphs of annual power balance, annual low-pressure steam balance, and annual cold water balance.
- the power purchase amount E1 the power generation amount E2 of GT cogeneration, the power consumption amount E3 of the thermoelectric facility, and the power consumption amount E4 other than the thermoelectric facility are displayed for each month.
- the steam generation amount B1 of the low pressure boiler, the steam generation amount B2 of the GT cogeneration, and the steam consumption amount B3 of the absorption refrigerator are displayed. From these graphs, it can be seen that the reverse power E5 and surplus steam B4 are not generated throughout the year.
- thermoelectric equipment for example, power generation system equipment
- primary energy / environmental load summary for example, system COP / CO 2 emission intensity
- maximum value table for example, maximum value table
- electric power steam cumulative load curve Etc. are also possible.
- the output is not limited to these examples, and output can be performed from various viewpoints.
- the display control unit 70 performs a simulation result at the designated operation time. Can also be displayed.
- the daytime and nighttime time zones are set in units of one hour, and the priority order of the thermoelectric device is set for each time zone.
- a simulation is performed according to the operating conditions set in units of one hour. Therefore, by specifying the operation time, the simulation result in a specific time zone including that time can be easily grasped.
- the unit of operation time is 1 hour, but it is only an example, and can be set as appropriate, for example, 30 minutes, 15 minutes, and the like.
- the operation condition setting by the operation condition setting unit 40 (S208) and the simulation calculation procedure by the calculation unit 7p will be described below with reference to FIGS. These consist of the steps S01 to 07 in FIG. 8a, and each step corresponds to FIG. 8b to e.
- the main (power priority) operation is an operation in which no reverse power flow occurs in the power
- the heat main (heat load priority) operation is an operation in which, for example, no steam is released.
- Cold water EB (S01, Fig. 8b)
- the cold water heat load and the return temperature difference are read (S11), and the required cold water flow rate is calculated (S12).
- the number of operating refrigerators satisfying both the cold water heat load and the cold water flow rate is determined based on the operating priority of the refrigerator (S13), and the operating load factor and COP of each operating refrigerator are calculated. (S14). In this calculation, if the cold water outlet temperature setting is the same, the uniform load factor is assumed.
- the amount of cold production of each chiller to be operated, consumption of electric power, fuel, and steam, cooling tower exhaust heat, heat recovery HP heat recovery heat amount, etc. are calculated (S15), and the process proceeds to the hot water energy balance step (S2). To do.
- the cooling tower exhaust heat can also be exhausted to the above external water.
- the first priority is set in advance as an absorption refrigerator, and the second priority is set as a turbo refrigerator.
- the cold water load value, supply temperature, and return temperature of the energy load setting unit 10 are read (S11).
- the number of operating units is determined by comparing with the maximum cold water supply amount (S13). Since the required flow rate is the maximum amount of cold water delivered> the required flow rate, the number of absorption refrigerators is determined as one.
- the COP is determined to be 1.287 in consideration of the correction of the cooling temperature.
- Low-pressure steam EB (S03, Fig. 8c)
- the low-pressure process steam heat load is read (S31a)
- the low-pressure process steam amount is calculated (S31b).
- the low-pressure steam consumption amount is calculated from the sum of the low-pressure process steam amount and the low-pressure steam amount for driving the thermoelectric device (S31c), and it is determined whether or not the power generation system device is low-pressure steam recovery (S32a).
- the number of low-pressure boilers that satisfy the low-pressure boiler load is determined based on the operation priority of the low-pressure boiler (S33a), and the operation load factor of each low-pressure boiler to be operated is calculated (part of one unit only) (Load factor) (S33b), the steam production amount of each low-pressure boiler to be operated, the consumption of electric power and fuel, and the like are calculated (S33c).
- the low-pressure boiler load S2 is obtained by subtracting the low-pressure steam acceptance from the low-pressure steam consumption, and the steam generation amount, power consumption, fuel, etc. of the low-pressure boiler are calculated. (S32b).
- the amount of low-pressure steam received can also accept exhaust steam from the outside. Then, it is determined whether the main operation or the main heat operation (S34).
- the electric power EB steps of S35a to S35f and S71 to S73 surrounded by a one-dot chain line are executed.
- the electric power EB (S07) is shown in FIG. 8d, but will be described here for the convenience of understanding.
- the operating equipment and the number of operating equipment are set from the target power generation amount (S35a), and the power generation system equipment is set to the maximum load factor (100%) (S35b).
- the steps S35c to S35f, 71, 73 are executed, and if the surplus power is within a certain error range (for example, 1 kW) (S73), the process ends and the process proceeds to the subsequent steps.
- a certain error range for example, 1 kW
- the load factor P1 of the power generation equipment is changed as will be described later, and the steps S35c to S35f and 71 to 74 are repeated until the surplus steam is within the error range ( Convergence) calculation.
- steps S37a to S38b are executed.
- Steps S37a to S37c are the same as S35a to S35c in the main operation, respectively, but the gas turbine cogeneration M120 corresponds to both the power generation system equipment and the steam generation equipment.
- the steps S37c to S38b are repeatedly executed until the surplus steam falls within the constant error range ⁇ .
- the number of repetitions is one, and the process proceeds to the next step.
- the required number of refrigerators and load factor are obtained from the cold water load and the temperature difference of the cold water, and the absorption refrigerator M310 is determined as one. Then, the required low-pressure steam amount S2 (t / h) is obtained from the load factor at this time (S32b).
- the difference between the in-system power consumption Ea and the minimum power purchase amount W1 (Ea-W1) kW is set as the target power generation amount, and from this, the number of operating units such as the gas turbine cogeneration M120 is determined (S35a).
- the in-system power consumption Ea includes the internal power consumption of devices such as M120, M220, M310, and M350 and the power load S8.
- the load factor of power generation equipment such as the gas turbine M120 is set to 100% (S35b). Then, the power generation amount G1 (kW / h), the recovered steam amount S1 (t / h), the internal power consumption, the fuel consumption amount and the like in the set gas turbine are obtained from the relational expression 1 etc. (S35c).
- G1 ⁇ Ea ⁇ W1 in which the GT cogeneration determines whether or not the power generation of the GT cogeneration is insufficient only in the first loop of S35c to S71 and S73, the insufficient power is purchased and the calculation ends.
- G1> Ea ⁇ W1 it is determined whether ABS (G1 ⁇ (Ea ⁇ W1)) is within an allowable error range ⁇ .
- the allowable error range ⁇ is within ⁇ 1 kW, and if within the error range, the calculation ends.
- the ABS in the figure is a function that excludes the sign +-from the numerical value.
- the load factor P1 is changed and the recovered steam amount S1 is changed, the internal power consumption is changed with the change in the operating conditions of the GT cogeneration and other equipment, and the in-system power consumption Ea is also changed.
- the initial purpose of preventing reverse tide in main driving cannot be achieved. Therefore, until convergence is performed in S73, it is necessary to perform convergence calculation by repeating S35c to S71 through the load factor P1 change in S74 as follows.
- Equation 1 the relationship between the GT cogeneration load factor P and the exhaust heat recovery rate S% is expressed by Equation 1
- the relationship between the load factor P and the power generation efficiency G% is expressed by Equation 2.
- the difference between the power generation amount kW at Pmid% and the target power generation amount kW is 1 kW or less as an allowable error.
- the maximum number of convergence calculations is set to 20, but the number of convergences can be set as appropriate. If converged, the process proceeds to the next step (S36a).
- the binary search method is only an example of a convergence calculation method using an algebraic equation numerical calculation method.
- the convergence calculation method by the algebraic equation numerical calculation method is a numerical calculation of an equation that does not include differential / integral, such as a high-order algebraic equation, a fractional equation, an irrational equation, or a transcendental equation.
- Newton-Raphson method binary search method, regular-falsi method, Bearstow-Hitchcock method, phosphorus method, Bernoulli method, Graffe method, or the like may be used. Each of these methods can be used for all convergence calculations in the present invention.
- the first priority is set as the absorption refrigerator M310
- the second priority is set as the turbo refrigerator M350.
- the chilled water load value, supply temperature, and return temperature difference are read from the energy load setting unit 10 to calculate a necessary flow rate corresponding to the load energy of the chilled water.
- the required flow rate is obtained from cold water load ⁇ ⁇ (cold water return temperature ⁇ cold water supply temperature) ⁇ 4.186605 ⁇ .
- the number of absorption refrigerators is determined as one.
- the cold water production amount, power consumption amount, steam consumption amount, and cooling tower exhaust heat amount of the first priority absorption refrigerator M310 are calculated.
- the number of low-pressure boilers M220 and the load factor are determined from the steam consumption of the absorption refrigerator M310, and the gas consumption and power consumption of the low-pressure boiler M220 are calculated.
- the relationship between the power generation amount G1 of the first gas turbine generator, the required power Ea in the system, and the minimum power purchase amount W1 of the operating condition setting unit 40 is compared.
- the reverse power E5 from 8 o'clock to 9 o'clock is viewed, the reverse power is 162 KW. This corresponds to G1> Ea ⁇ W1.
- Convergence calculation is performed by sequentially changing the load factor to Pmid described above so that the amount of power from the generator does not flow back to the power company as surplus electricity. If G1 ⁇ Ea ⁇ W, the convergence calculation is completed.
- the absorption refrigerator is determined as one unit.
- the gas turbine is operated at a load of 100%, the surplus steam B4 is generated at 0.8 t / h from 18:00 to 19:00 as shown in FIG. 9B so that the above ABS (S1-S2) ⁇ ⁇ is satisfied.
- the load factor P1 is obtained.
- Table 3a shows the calculation results of the first GT cogeneration power generation, load factor, etc.
- Table 3b shows the calculation formula used for this.
- Table 4 shows the result of the convergence calculation between power generation and steam balance.
- Formula 3-3 corresponds to Formula 1
- Formula 3-4 corresponds to Formula 2 above.
- thermoelectric facility shown in FIG. 1b As an example, and another balance calculation step shown in FIG. 8a is performed depending on the configuration of the thermoelectric facility. In the following, steps other than those described above will be described.
- High-pressure steam EB (S03) Since this is substantially the same except that the “low pressure steam” in the low pressure steam EB of S03 is replaced with “high pressure steam”, illustration is omitted. However, the amount that is reduced in pressure by the header and accepted as low-pressure steam is different from the point that it does not become surplus steam in the previous step S35e.
- the gas engine exhaust hot water EB (S05) is executed after the reference C through the high-pressure steam EB (S04) not shown in detail from the reference B of the low-pressure steam EB (S03).
- “Gas engine exhaust water EB (S05, FIG. 8d)” First, in the previous chilled water EB (S01), the operating number and load factor of each chilled water system device are calculated, and the chilled water calorific value (production amount Ma) A of the waste water injection type absorption chiller and other chilled water system devices are calculated. The amount of cold water heat is determined (S13 to S15). Further, in the previous hot water EB (S02), the number of operating hot water systems and the load factor are calculated, and the hot water heat quantity B of the hot water recovery heat exchanger is determined (S23 to S25).
- the waste warm water charging type absorption refrigerator is operating (S51a). If it is in operation, the amount of warm water discharged from the gas engine is calculated, and the generated cold water heat amount A 'of the exhaust-temperature-water-absorbing absorption refrigerator that can be generated by the amount of discharged warm water is calculated (S52a). Then, it is determined whether the generated cold water heat amount A 'is insufficient with respect to the previous cold water heat amount A (S53a). On the other hand, when the amount is insufficient, the operating number and load factor of the other chilled water devices are determined based on the operation priority of the chilled water devices so that the chilled water calorie is produced by the other chilled water devices (S54a), and S55a.
- the load factor of the steam generating device is changed (S58), and the process returns to step S52a through the route of the code SR57a. Steps S52a to S58 are repeated until the insufficient amount of cold water is eliminated and the error is within the error range ⁇ .
- the convergence factor is calculated by changing the load factor of the steam generating device so that the generated steam amount S1 converges to the required steam amount S2, and the operating number and / or load factor of the chilled water system that can balance the chilled water and the steam is determined. decide. If the difference is within the error range ⁇ , the process proceeds to hot water supply EB (S06).
- the hot water recovery heat exchanger is operating (S51b).
- the procedure of steps S52b to 58 and path SR57b enclosed by a broken line in the figure is performed. This procedure is the same as that for the chilled water system equipment described above.
- the convergence rate is calculated by changing the load factor of the steam generating equipment, and the number of hot water system equipment and / or the load factor that can balance both hot water and steam is determined. To do.
- the hot water recovery heat exchanger is not operating, the process proceeds to hot water supply EB (S06).
- thermoelectric facility illustrated in FIG. 11 includes a gas engine M150, a hot water absorption refrigerator M320 as an exhaust warm water input type absorption refrigerator, and an absorption refrigerator M310 as another cold water system device.
- gas engine M150 a hot water absorption refrigerator M320 as an exhaust warm water input type absorption refrigerator
- absorption refrigerator M310 as another cold water system device.
- the number of operating devices and the load factor Lp are calculated for the chilled water load C, and the chilled water calorie (production amount Ma) A is determined as A1.
- the load factor of the absorption refrigerator M310 is changed to a2 'so as to produce the cold water heat quantity A2' supplementing the insufficient heat quantity x.
- the absorption refrigerator M310 cannot compensate for the insufficient heat amount y.
- the absorption refrigerator M310 ′ is newly started up, and each absorption refrigerator is configured so as to supplement the insufficient heat amount y with two absorption refrigerators. Is changed to a2 ′′, d1.
- the load factor of the gas engine M150 is determined so that the difference between the generated steam amount S1 and the required steam amount S2 falls within a predetermined error range ⁇ (S55a to 58).
- a minimum operating load factor is defined for the gas engine M150, and operation is not performed below the load factor.
- steam is supplied from another steam generating device such as a low pressure boiler, and the load factor of the steam generating device is changed so that the generated steam amount S1 of the steam generating device converges to the required steam amount S2 (S58).
- Hot water supply EB (S06, Fig. 8e) First, a hot water supply heat load, a hot water supply temperature, and a water supply temperature are read (S61), and a water supply flow rate and a hot water storage tank temperature are calculated (S62). Next, the number of hot water heaters operating / stopped and the number of operating / stops are determined based on the temperature in the hot water storage tank (S63), and the hot water heater additional operation is performed so that the hot water storage tank heat storage expires at a specified time (S64). Then, the production heat amount and power / fuel consumption of each hot water heater to be operated are calculated (S65), and the process proceeds to the next power EB (S07).
- Electric Power EB (S07)
- the main operation is performed after the above-described S71 (S72), and is substantially as described in the previous low-pressure steam EB.
- the power purchase amount is calculated (S75), and the process ends.
- the load factor P1 is reset in the main operation, it is set to return to (K) before S35c of the low-pressure steam EB03 for convenience of explanation.
- the initial position of the cold water EB01 It may be set to return to K ′). It makes sense to reset the conditions and adjust the operating state again in all systems of equipment, so that the specific combined total energy converges to the target value.
- FIG. 9a and 9b show graphs when the GT cogeneration is operated at 100% load with the thermoelectric equipment of FIG. 1b.
- the power load value set by the energy load setting unit 10 is input to the power column other than the heat source, and the thermoelectric The electric power required for the facility is input to the thermoelectric power column as a result of simulation.
- the reverse power E5 is generated in the time zone from 8:00 to 10:00 and from 21:00 to 22:00.
- FIG. 9b is a steam balance simulation result when reverse tide is permitted in the main.
- the low-pressure steam load value set in the energy load setting unit 10 is 0 in the low-pressure steam load column.
- the steam usage amount necessary for the thermoelectric equipment M is input to the low-pressure steam total column as a simulation result.
- surplus steam is generated from 18:00 to 22 hours.
- the operation condition setting unit 40 sets the power load priority from 8:00 to 18:00 and the thermoelectric load priority from 18:00 to 22:00 when surplus steam is generated. Then, the convergence calculation as described above is performed, and as shown in FIGS. 9c and 9d, the reverse power and surplus steam are eliminated and become zero in all time zones.
- each device related devices are incorporated in each device model, and are operated and calculated according to the operating conditions (load factor) for each device or within the range of the conditions if there are limiting conditions. For example, it is operated considering the auxiliary power of the absorption chiller, the chilled water pump, the cooling water pump, the individual cooling tower as the related equipment of the absorption chiller, the start-up loss as the constraint condition, the lower limit value of the operable cooling water temperature, etc. The amount of steam, electric power, water usage, and output cold water amount are calculated.
- one absorption chiller if the chilled water flow rate of the load setting unit is insufficient, another chiller (for example, an electric turbo chiller) rises in the order of the chillers set by the operating condition setting unit 40 and balances the amount of chilled water. . If the cold water balance is still not achieved, the last device in the priority order is configured to automatically start and balance.
- another chiller for example, an electric turbo chiller
- the steam supplied to the absorption refrigerator is configured to be supplied from steam generated in the boiler system and the power generation system from the required steam balance. Both the boiler system and the power generation system are modeled in the same manner as the cold water system, and the rising steam amount and the power generation amount are balanced in the order set by the operation condition setting unit 40. If steam and electricity are still not balanced, the last heat source device in the priority order is configured to be started and balanced.
- the system balance calculation procedure assembles the thermoelectric balance in the order of each series, for example, in the order of cold water, hot water, low pressure steam, high pressure steam, hot water supply, and electric power.
- the convergence calculation is performed by the multivariable algebraic equation numerical analysis method, and the thermoelectric balance of all systems is calculated.
- the output of the device that is operated and output with the load of each device is organized into necessary information and output by the operation result output unit 50 as described above.
- the output is performed in the graph format or the form format based on the output by time zone and the annual calculation output as described above.
- the thermoelectric facility in FIG. 14 includes a plurality of cold water and hot water devices m001 and m002 to m00n such as the absorption chiller M310 and the hot water heat exchanger M410. These devices are connected in parallel, and the chilled water or hot water at the outlet merges and is sent to the chilled water load S1 or the bypass flow path mBP, which is a “customer”, and collected.
- the refrigeration equipment has a design capability QikW, an actual capability QAikW, a design temperature difference ⁇ Ti ° C., and a flow rate Fim 3 / h.
- the refrigerator outlet temperature Ti ° C. the customer sends temperature TF ° C., customer load heat QLMJ / h, customer temperature difference .DELTA.TL ° C., consumer return temperature TR ° C., customer load flow FLm 3 / h, the bypass flow rate FBPm 3 / h, refrigerator inlet temperature TR ′ ° C., refrigerator load factor LFi%, upper limit load factor LHFi%, and corrected outlet temperature Ti ′ ° C.
- the flow rate (Fi) is determined from the design capability (Qi) and design temperature difference ( ⁇ Ti) of each chilled water system device (S91, Formula 6-1).
- a consumer feed temperature (TF) is obtained from the flow rate (Fi) and outlet temperature (Ti) of each chilled water system equipment (S92, Formula 6-2).
- the return temperature (TR) from the consumer is obtained from the customer feed temperature (TF) and the temperature difference ( ⁇ TL) of the load (S93, Formula 6-3).
- the load flow (FL) of the customer is obtained from the load heat (QL) of the customer and the temperature difference ( ⁇ TL) (S94, Formula 6-4).
- the refrigerator inlet temperature (TR ') is obtained from the return temperature (TR), flow rate, bypass flow rate (FBP), and bypass chilled water temperature (TF) from the customer (S95, equations 6-5, 6-6).
- the load factor (LFi) is obtained from the temperature difference (TR-Ti) and the design temperature difference ( ⁇ Ti) of each chilled water system device (S96, Formula 6-7). It is determined whether or not the load factor (LFi) of each refrigerator ⁇ the device upper limit load factor (LHFi) (S97). If there is a device exceeding the upper limit load factor, the outlet temperature is corrected assuming that the corresponding chilled water system device operates at the upper limit load factor (LHFi) (Ti) (S98, Formula 6-8). Then, the flow of S91 to S97 is repeated, and if all the chilled water system equipments satisfy the load factor (LFi) of each refrigerator ⁇ the device upper limit load factor (LHFi), the above routine is terminated.
- the leftmost column indicates the set iteration count
- St indicates the setting
- Cr indicates the correction.
- the refrigerator outlet temperature Ti ° C and the customer feed temperature TF ° C are entered in the columns corresponding to m001 to 003, respectively.
- values common to the devices are displayed for each number of iterations.
- the outlet temperature is reset to 5.54 ° C., which is 100%, and the first iteration is entered. Since this is 102.1%, the outlet temperature is reset to 5.65 ° C., which is further 100%.
- the outlet temperature may be reset so that the load factor becomes an arbitrary value lower than 100%, but it is convenient for handling to reset the outlet temperature so that the load factor becomes 100% or less. is there. This is because the routine of FIG. 13 is incorporated into the routine of FIGS.
- the convergence calculation was performed with the minimum power purchase amount being 0 kW (a state where the reverse power flow is zero).
- the minimum power purchase amount can be appropriately set in a low-chilled water system, a cold water system, a hot water system, a hot water supply system device, and a thermoelectric facility including a steam generating device and a power generation system device.
- the purchased power is set to 100 kW in the minimum power purchase amount column, which is the minimum power purchase control designation part provided in the operating condition setting unit 40 of the power / boiler, the power is set with the number of operating power generation devices and the load factor as parameters.
- Convergence calculation is performed so that the amount of power purchased from the company is the specified minimum amount of power, and the number of operating units and load factor for each time zone of the power generation equipment are set.
- This convergence calculation is not different from the convergence calculation in the above embodiment, and only the numerical value of the power generation amount differs depending on whether the purchased power to be converged is 0 KW or 100 KW.
- the convergence calculation is performed using the value of 827.35 KW as the next base point judgment value so that the purchased power becomes 0 kW.
- the present invention is a thermoelectric facility in which a plurality of thermoelectric devices are connected, and at least electric power and fossil fuel are supplied, and electric power, low cold water, cold water, hot water, hot water supply, high pressure steam and low pressure steam are produced and supplied to utilization facilities. It can be used as a simulation system for thermoelectric equipment that simulates the amount of energy used to produce any of the combined total energy.
- the present invention relates to power consumption, fossil fuel and other fuel consumption, and environmental load data setting unit obtained under the conditions of the energy load setting unit, the basic condition setting unit, the system construction setting unit, and the operation condition setting unit. It can be used as a system for simulating the environmental load (primary energy, CO 2 , NOx, SOx) by multiplying each unit environmental load.
- the present invention can be used for operation diagnosis by simulation of the current state of thermoelectric equipment, energy saving by changing the operation method, improvement by equipment renewal, energy saving, evaluation of environmental load reduction, and consultation.
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Abstract
Description
図1aに本発明の対象となる熱電設備の一般的システム図を例示する。熱電設備Mは複数の熱電機器より構成される。同図に例示する熱電設備Mには、次の表1aの如く、蒸気R(高圧蒸気R1及び低圧蒸気R2)、化石燃料及びその他燃料(以下、単に「燃料」という。)R3、電力R4、冷水R5、温水R6が供給され、蒸気S(高圧蒸気S1及び低圧蒸気S2)、冷水S3,4、温水S5,6、給湯S7、電力S8が製造され利用設備(ビル、工場、地域冷暖房等)に供給される。
この設定手順は、図2c及び図3に示すように、まず、エネルギー負荷設定部10によりエネルギー負荷を設定する(S201)。次に、プロセス条件設定部22により熱媒のプロセス条件を設定する(S202)。そして、環境負荷設定部23及びユーティリティーコスト設定部21により環境負荷DB102及び電力料金等DB101から読み込むことで環境負荷データ及びユーティリティーコストを設定する(S203,204)。これらを設定後、システム構築設定部30において、熱電機器を選択して機器性能データを読み込むことにより熱電設備を構築し(S206,207)、その構築した熱電設備における運転条件を運転条件設定部40により設定する(S208)。熱電設備の構築状況は適宜表示制御部70を介してフロー図に表示される。上記各ステップで設定した条件は、ケースファイル等作成部60によりユーザー機器テンプレートファイル103b、熱電負荷ファイル104及びケースファイル106等の個別データ100bとして適宜保存することができる。また、上記各ステップにおいてDB群100の各種データを利用して設定したが、保存している個別データ100bを利用して各種設定を行うことも可能である。
同図に示すように、一般的処理手順は、冷水EB(S01)、温水EB(S02)、低圧蒸気EB(S03)、高圧蒸気EB(S04)、ガスエンジン排温水EB(S05)、給湯EB(S06)、電力EB(S07)からなる。このように、複合全エネルギーは、電力エネルギーの前に蒸気エネルギー、この蒸気エネルギーの前にその他のエネルギーの順で、上記各ステップでの設定条件に基づいて順次計算される。
図1aに示すように、フロー図の初期表示は、熱電機器等の各構成要素が薄く表示される。そして、例えば、低圧ボイラM220を選択すると、低圧ボイラM220の機器データの設定が開始される。この機器データの設定は、例えば機器性能DB103から読込み保存した機器データテンプレートファイル(機器性能データ)103aを利用して行われる。また、ユーザーが適宜手動で修正し保存したユーザー専用の機器テンプレートファイル103bを利用して設定することも可能である。
ガスタービンコージェネM120の機器性能データは、表2に示す如きガスタービンの吸気温度別(例えば0℃、15℃、30℃)における運転負荷率%と発電効率%、排熱ボイラ熱回収率%の関係を含んでいる。この関係により、エネルギー負荷設定部10において設定された外気温度でその時間の性能が決定される。表2に示す如き設定を行うことで、説明変数を吸気温度と負荷率とした多変量回帰式モデルにより、図5に例示する如き吸気温度15℃及び負荷率で発電効率及び熱回収率が決定される。また、吸気温度は変更可能であり、吸気温度を変更することで温度毎の性能カーブを図5と同様のグラフで表示することができる。このように、設定した温度以外の温度性能については、この回帰式により吸気温度及び負荷率で発電効率及び熱回収率が決定される。
図7に示すように、発電機器、ボイラ機器の昼間の運転計画を設定する。この設定画面において、昼間の時間(例えば8時から22時)を任意の2つの時間帯に分け、その時間帯毎にそれぞれの負荷の状況に応じて任意に最大第六優先順位までを設定する。なお、同図は設定の一例に過ぎず、設定可能な時間帯の数及び優先順位は適宜増減可能である。例えば、8時から22時を6つの任意の時間帯に分割し、各時間帯において最大第8優先順位まで設定することも可能である。また、運転方式を電力負荷優先か熱負荷優先かを選択設定する。同図では8時から18時まで、低圧ボイラ、ガスタービンコージェネの運転を設定し、発電系機器の運転を電力負荷優先としている。18時から22時についても低圧ボイラガスタービンコージェネの運転を設定して、発電系機器の運転を熱負荷優先の運転方法を選定している。昼間の最低買電量を設定する項目は、電力会社から購入する最低買電電力量を規定するものであり、同図では0KWと設定してある。
まず、冷水熱負荷及び往還温度差の読み込み(S11)、必要冷水流量の計算を計算する(S12)。次に、冷凍機の運転優先順位に基づいて、冷水熱負荷と冷水流量の両者を満足する冷凍機の運転台数を決定し(S13)、運転する各冷凍機の運転負荷率及びCOPを計算する(S14)。この計算において、冷水出口温度設定が同じであれば均一負荷率とする。そして、運転する各冷凍機の冷熱製造量、電力・燃料・蒸気の消費量、冷却塔排熱、熱回収HPの温水回収熱量等を計算し(S15)、温水エネルギーバランスステップ(S2)に移行する。なお、冷却塔排熱は上述の外部利用水への排熱も可能である
同図に示すように、まず、低圧プロセス蒸気熱負荷の読み込み(S31a)、低圧プロセス蒸気量の計算する(S31b)。低圧蒸気消費量を低圧プロセス蒸気量と熱電機器駆動用低圧蒸気量との和から算出し(S31c)、発電系機器が低圧蒸気回収であるか否かを判断する(S32a)。低圧蒸気回収でない場合、低圧ボイラの運転優先順位に基づいて、低圧ボイラ負荷を満足する低圧ボイラの運転台数を決定し(S33a)、運転する各低圧ボイラの運転負荷率を計算(1台のみ部分負荷率)して(S33b)、運転する各低圧ボイラの蒸気製造量、電力・燃料の消費量などを計算する(S33c)。
S=f(T,P) 式1
G=g(T,P) 式2
図8aに示すように、温水熱負荷及び往還温度差を読み込み(S21)、必要温水流量の計算を計算する(S22)。次に、温水系機器の運転優先順位に基づいて、温水熱負荷と温水流量の両者を満足する温水系機器の運転台数を決定し(S23)、運転する各温水系機器の運転負荷率を計算する(S24)。この計算において、温水出口温度設定が同じであれば均一負荷率とし、熱回収HPの負荷率は他と異なる場合がある。そして、運転する各温水系機器の温熱製造量、電力・燃料・蒸気の消費量、採熱量などを計算し(S25)、先の低圧蒸気EB(S03)へ移行する。なお、採熱量は外部利用水(海水、河川水など)からの採熱も可能である。
これは、S03の低圧蒸気EBにおける「低圧蒸気」が「高圧蒸気」と置換される他はほぼ同様であるため図示省略する。但し、ヘッダーで減圧されて低圧蒸気として受け入れられる分量は、先のステップS35eにおける余剰蒸気とはならない点が異なる。低圧蒸気EB(S03)の符号Bから詳細を図示しない高圧蒸気EB(S04)を経て符号C以降にガスエンジン排温水EB(S05)が実行される。
まず始めに、先の冷水EB(S01)において、各冷水系機器の運転台数及び負荷率が計算され、排温水投入型吸収冷凍機の冷水熱量(製造量Ma)A及び他の冷水系機器の冷水熱量が決定される(S13~S15)。また、先の温水EB(S02)において、各温水系機器の運転台数及び負荷率が計算され、温水回収熱交換器の温水熱量Bが決定される(S23~S25)。
まず、給湯熱負荷、給湯供給温度、給水温度が読み込まれ(S61)、給水流量および貯湯タンク内温度を計算する(S62)。次に、貯湯タンク内温度により給湯機の運転/停止および運転/停止の台数を決定し(S63)、指定時刻に貯湯タンク蓄熱満了するよう給湯機追加運転する(S64)。そして、運転する各給湯機の製造熱量、電力・燃料の消費量を計算し(S65)、次の電力EB(S07)に移行する。
ここでは、上述のS71の次に電主運転か否かが判断されれ(S72)、大略先の低圧蒸気EBでの説明の通りである。熱主運転の場合は(S72),買電量を計算し(S75)、終了する。電主運転で負荷率P1を再設定した場合は、説明の便宜上低圧蒸気EB03のS35cの前(K)に戻るように設定したが、計算に矛盾を生じない限り、例えば冷水EB01の当初位置(K’)に戻るように設定しても構わない。条件を再設定し、再度全ての系統の機器において運転状態を再度調整し、特定の複合全エネルギーが目標値に収斂することに意味がある。
上記実施形態において、最低買電量を0KW(電力の逆潮が0となる状態)とし収斂計算を行った。しかし、低冷水系・冷水系・温水系・給湯系機器及び蒸気発生機器と発電系機器を備える熱電設備において最低買電量は適宜設定して行うことができる。例えば電力・ボイラの運転条件設定部40に設けた最低買電量制御の指定部である最低買電量欄に買電電力を100KWと設定した場合、発電系機器の運転台数及び負荷率をパラメータとして電力会社からの購入電力が指定した最低買電量となるように収斂計算を行い当該発電系機器の時間帯毎の運転台数及び負荷率を設定する。この収斂計算は上記実施形態での収斂計算と異ならず、収斂させる買電電力が0KWか100KWであるかの違いで発電量の数値が異なるだけである。上記シミュレーション計算の例では、総発電量827.35KW、最低買電量0KWであるので、827.35KWの数値を次の基点の判断値として、収斂計算をして買電電力が0KWとなるように100%負荷時の発電量1000KWから収斂計算をして低圧蒸気ボイラの負荷率とガスタービンの発熱量をバランスさせる。最低買電量が100KWであれば、827.35-100=727.35KWを次の基点の判断値として同様に収斂計算をして買電電力が100KWになるようにバランスさせる。
Claims (23)
- 複数の熱電機器が接続され、少なくとも電力及び燃料(以下、「供給エネルギー」という。)が供給され、少なくとも電力、低冷水、冷水、温水、給湯、高圧蒸気及び低圧蒸気のうち少なくともいずれか2種類のもの(以下、「複合全エネルギー」という。)を製造して利用設備に供給する熱電設備における前記熱電機器の運転条件と供給エネルギーの使用量及び/又は複合全エネルギーの製造量との関係を求める熱電設備のシミュレーションシステムであって、
日別で時間帯毎に利用設備で必要とされる複合全エネルギーの量を設定するエネルギー負荷設定部と、
予め各熱電機器間及び各熱電機器と前記複合全エネルギーとを関連づけると共に運転条件部の操作により熱電機器を選択することで各熱電機器間及び各熱電機器と前記複合全エネルギーとが関連づけられた熱電設備のシステム構成を自由に構築可能なシステム構築設定部と、
前記熱電設備及び前記利用設備のプロセス条件を設定するプロセス条件設定部と、
時間帯別の前記熱電機器毎の運転可否及び運転優先順位を設定する運転条件設定部と、
前記運転条件設定部の運転条件に従い前記熱電設備を運転させた結果の前記複合全エネルギーの製造量を少なくとも計算する演算部とを備え、
前記熱電機器のいずれかが部分負荷特性を含み、
前記演算部は前記複合全エネルギーのいずれかの製造量が前記エネルギー負荷設定部で設定した目標値に収斂するように当該熱電機器の負荷率を変更させて収斂計算を行う熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。 - 前記複合全エネルギーは、電力エネルギーの前に蒸気エネルギー、この蒸気エネルギーの前にその他のエネルギーの順で計算される請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記収斂計算は代数方程式数値計算法による収束計算である請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記各熱電機器は、少なくとも発電系、ボイラ系、冷水系、温水系、低冷水系及び給湯系として系統別に分類されており、選択されることにより、系列のバランス結果の負荷を分担する請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記システム構築設定部は同一機種、能力の異なる機種、動作のためのエネルギーが異なる機種又はメーカの異なる機種の熱電機器を複数台任意に設定し、前記運転条件設定部の運転条件に従い各々を動作させることが可能である請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記熱電設備が排熱ボイラを持つ発電系機器を備え、発電系機器を熱負荷優先で運転した場合に、熱電設備及び/又は利用設備で必要となる蒸気負荷を前記発電系機器の排熱ボイラから発生する蒸気量が越えないように収斂計算を行い当該発電系機器の時間帯毎の発電負荷率を設定する請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記熱電設備が排熱ボイラを持つ発電系機器を備え、発電系機器を電力負荷優先で運転した場合に、前記発電系機器の発電機からの電力量が余剰電気として電力会社に逆潮しないように収斂計算を行い当該発電系機器の時間帯毎の発電負荷率を設定する請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記熱電設備がガスエンジンを含む蒸気発生機器と排温水投入型吸収冷凍機と他の冷水系機器とを備え、前記運転条件における運転台数及び負荷率に基づき前記排温水投入型吸収冷凍機が製造する冷水熱量を計算し、前記ガスエンジンの排温水熱量で発生可能な排温水投入型吸収冷凍機の発生冷水熱量を計算し、この発生冷水熱量が前記冷水熱量に対して不足する場合に、不足する冷水熱量を前記他の冷水系機器で補うように前記運転条件に従って前記他の冷水系機器の運転台数及び/又は負荷率を変更し、前記蒸気発生機器の発生蒸気量が変更した運転台数及び/又は負荷率における前記他の冷水系機器の必要蒸気量に収斂するように前記蒸気発生機器の負荷率を変更させて収斂計算を行い、冷水系機器の時間帯毎の運転台数及び/又は負荷率を設定する請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記熱電設備がガスエンジンを含む蒸気発生機器と温水回収熱交換器と他の温水系機器とを備え、前記運転条件における運転台数及び負荷率に基づき前記温水回収熱交換器が製造する温水熱量を計算し、前記ガスエンジンの排温水熱量で発生可能な温水回収熱交換器の発生温水熱量を計算し、この発生温水熱量が前記温水熱量に対して不足する場合に、不足する温水熱量を前記他の温水系機器で補うように前記運転条件に従って前記他の温水系機器の運転台数及び/又は負荷率を変更し、前記蒸気発生機器の発生蒸気量が変更した運転台数及び/又は負荷率における前記他の温水系機器の必要蒸気量に収斂するように前記蒸気発生機器の負荷率を変更させて収斂計算を行い、温水系機器の時間帯毎の運転台数及び/又は負荷率を設定する請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記低冷水系・冷水系・温水系・給湯系機器及び蒸気発生機器と発電系機器を備え、前記電力・ボイラの運転条件設定部に最低買電量制御の指定部を備え、電力会社からの購入電力が指定した最低買電量となるように収斂計算を行い、当該発電系機器の時間帯毎の運転台数及び/又は負荷率を設定する請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記熱電機器が前記複合全エネルギーのいずれかの負荷に対する熱源機器を複数有し、
各熱源機器のうち負荷率が100%を超える機器の出口温度を変更することで全体の熱収支を計算して再度各熱源機器の負荷率を算出し、
全ての熱源機器の負荷率が100%以下となるまで出口温度の変更を繰り返し行う請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。 - 各熱源機器のうち負荷率が100%を超える機器の出口温度を当該負荷率が100%となる温度に設定する請求項11記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記各設定部へ設定された条件及びパラメータはケースファイルとして電子記録媒体に記録保存可能である請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記供給エネルギーがさらに低冷水、冷水、温水、給湯、高圧蒸気及び低圧蒸気のうち少なくともいずれかを含む請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 熱電設備から排熱される熱を外部利用水に放熱し、又は空気から熱を採熱して温熱を作る空冷ヒートポンプ及び/又は外部利用水から採熱で温熱を作る電動ヒートポンプシステムを含む請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 複数種の熱電機器と、前記供給エネルギーと、前記複合全エネルギーとを予め接続線で接続し関連づけたフロー図として熱電設備を表示し制御する表示制御部をさらに備え、そのフロー図において熱電機器が選択されることでその選択された熱電機器に対する前記関連づけに基づいて熱電設備のシステム構成を構築すると共に、選択された熱電機器及び前記接続線並びに関連づけられた複合全エネルギー及び供給エネルギーを識別可能に表示する請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記選択された熱電機器の機器データは、DBサーバから読み込んだ機器テンプレートファイル又はユーザーが修正した機器テンプレートファイルのいずれかを利用することで設定可能である請求項16記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 識別可能に表示された熱電機器の内、熱電機器の機器データの設定が完了した熱電機器に設定変更完了の旨をさらに識別可能に表示する請求項16記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記演算部による前記収斂計算の完了を判定する計算判定部をさらに備え、前記熱電機器は熱源機器を含み、前記計算判定部は、前記運転条件設定部で設定した機器の能力が不足し前記収斂計算が完了しないと判定した場合に、前記計算が完了するように前記運転条件設定部で設定した運転優先順位が最も低い熱源機器の台数を増加し、前記演算部が変更された熱源機器の台数に基づいて再度収斂計算を行う請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 熱源機器の台数を増加した場合に、前記計算判定部はその増加した熱源機器の運転条件を少なくとも増加した熱源機器の種別と共に表示する請求項19記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記熱電設備で前記エネルギー負荷設定部に設定された電力負荷について、利用設備で使用される電力負荷のみであるか、利用設備及び熱電設備の両方で使用される電力負荷であるかを切替え選択してエネルギー評価できる設定部を有する請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記熱電設備で前記エネルギー負荷設定部に設定された蒸気負荷について、利用設備で使用される蒸気負荷のみであるか、利用設備及び熱電設備の両方で使用される蒸気負荷であるかを切り替え選択してエネルギー評価できる設定部を有する請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
- 前記運転条件において時間を指定し、表示された前記熱電機器、前記供給エネルギー及び前記複合全エネルギーのいずれかを選択することで、当該運転条件の指定時間における前記演算部の計算結果を表示する請求項1記載の熱電設備のシミュレーションシステム。
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