WO2009112409A2

WO2009112409A2 - Prefinished structural element

Info

Publication number: WO2009112409A2
Application number: PCT/EP2009/052559
Authority: WO
Inventors: Georg Triebel
Original assignee: Kappema Gmbh
Priority date: 2008-03-11
Filing date: 2009-03-04
Publication date: 2009-09-17
Also published as: DE102008013733A1; WO2009112409A3

Abstract

The present invention relates to a prefinished structural element, in particular for the erection of walls of buildings, comprising at least two parallel cast wall elements (11, 12), which are spaced apart from one another, and which form a cavity to be emptied between them, and corrugated plates (15) made of glass-fiber-reinforced plastic, which connects said wall elements and at least partially protrude into the casting compound. In order to achieve a higher stability relative to thrust forces occurring between the wall elements and the corrugated plates in such a prefinished structural element, the present invention proposes that at least partial planar areas (17) are provided on the corrugated plates (15), which are a fixed component of the corrugated plate and which anchor the corrugated plates in the casting compound of the wall elements.

Description

Prefabricated component

The present invention relates to a prefabricated component, in particular for the creation of walls or ceilings of buildings, comprising at least two parallel spaced apart cast wall elements which form between them a hollow cavity to be poured and these wall elements connecting and at least partially projecting into the casting material of the wall elements Plastic corrugated sheets.

A prefabricated component with the features mentioned is known from DE 10 2006 021 781 A1. Such prefabricated components comprise two parallel spaced-apart wall elements, which are usually cast in the factory from concrete, the concrete also each having an internal reinforcement. The two wall elements form virtually the outer shell or the inner shell of a building to be created from the wall (or ceiling) of a building. The cavity between the two factory-cast wall elements is then poured on site at the site usually also made of concrete. As further support elements, the components have corrugated sheets of glass-fiber reinforced plastic, which on the one hand partially extend into the cavity between the two wall elements and, on the other hand, are partially cast into the casting compound of the wall elements during the factory production of the wall elements. In order to provide a structural element with supporting elements which are suitable for high loads and can be used in a corrosive environment, said document proposes the use of GRP rods which are elastically fixed to the corrugated sheets. This attachment is usually done by gluing or welding the GRP rods to the also made of GRP corrugated sheet.

Unfortunately, it has been shown in practice that the GRP rods previously used on the corrugated sheets do not fulfill the desired effect. These are comparatively elastic and bend, so that they can absorb no shear stresses but only tensile stresses. Only the corrugated sheets themselves therefore absorb shear stresses. When changing shear stresses occurred, it could therefore happen that the corrugated sheet was released from the concrete of the casting material. The desired stability and load-bearing capacity of the components is therefore not achieved in practice and the values required by the standards for such prefabricated components, on which load tests are also carried out, are not achieved. The use of steel reinforcement in the usually existing in these prefabricated components insulating layers is out of the question, since the steel then comes into contact with moisture and is not protected against corrosion. In these cases, the use of stainless steel reinforcement would be required, but this has the disadvantage that E- delstahl conducts heat or cold and thus cold or thermal bridges are formed in the wall element, whereby the insulation effect to be achieved by the insulation layer is undermined.

This is where the present invention starts. The object of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated component, in particular for the creation of walls or ceilings of buildings of the type mentioned above, which meets the requirements for a higher load capacity and also consists of consistently corrosion-resistant materials.

The solution to this problem provides a prefabricated component, in particular for the creation of walls or ceilings of buildings of the aforementioned type with the characterizing features of the main claim.

According to the invention it is provided that at least partially planar areas are provided with the corrugated plates, which anchor the corrugated sheets in the casting of the wall elements. In contrast to the aforementioned prior art no stabilizing elements are used according to the invention, which are subsequently attached by a joining operation such as gluing or welding to the corrugated sheets. Rather, the procedure according to the invention is that corrugated sheets are produced which already receive the aforementioned areal areas during the production process. These areal areas thus preferably form integral components of the corrugated sheets. They are, for example, integrally formed with the corrugated sheets or at least connected by the plastic-technical manufacturing process with the corrugated sheets, that they form part of the corrugated sheets. As a result, the forces which occur when the prefabricated component is loaded are introduced into the corrugated sheets over the areal areas and are distributed virtually uniformly in the corrugated sheets in all directions. The corrugated sheet itself can absorb very high forces due to the material and its manufacture and due to the corrugated structure. This arrangement can thus absorb both thrust and tensile forces.

The at least partially planar regions are preferably located on the outside of the corrugated sheets, so that they project beyond the outer end edges of the corrugated sheets to the outside. Each corrugated plate preferably has a plurality of spaced-apart areas of this type on each outer side. When anchoring a corrugated sheet in the casting material of one of Wall elements in the context of the production of the component therefore protrude the projecting area areas further into the casting compound as the end edge of the corrugated plate itself.

In the context of the present invention, the waffles used in the component preferably consist of a glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP), but other thermosets may also be used as material for the corrugated sheets, in particular also other fiber reinforced plastics reinforced, for example, with carbon fibers ,

If in the present application of corrugated plates is mentioned, it should not be so restrictive that they are plates that have an arcuate waveform in the side view. Although such corrugated sheets are preferably considered. Alternatively, however, it is also possible, for example, to use plates which, viewed in the side view, have a zig-zag course, that is, for example, plates with a triangular profile, trapezoidal profile, rectangular profile, sawtooth profile or the like. For the sake of simplicity, such plastic plates, which are not planar but have a structure of the type mentioned, should be covered by the term "corrugated plates" as used herein.

According to a development of the task solution, it is preferably provided that the at least partially planar areas on the corrugated sheets are tabs or tongues. These tabs or tongues may, for example, taper from the connection to the corrugated plate. For example, they can gradually become narrower and taper slightly. Moreover, it is advantageous if, according to a preferred variant of the invention, the at least partially planar regions of the corrugated sheets themselves are curved in the transverse direction, that is to say in the direction transverse to their outgoing end, or are profiled, for example, are curved in a similar manner to the corrugated form. The pointed tongues, tongues or blades of the areal areas have a further advantage, which is that when the corrugated plate is pressed into the casting mass of the wall element, obstacles such as stones or the like no longer disturb the concrete and the pointed area of the area seeks its way ,

The at least partially planar areas of the corrugated sheet are poured into the casting compound of the respective wall element (usually concrete) and thus anchored. In the wall element is usually in the casting material a reinforcement (for example, iron or steel reinforcement of the usual type) available. The pouring of the two-dimensional regions of the corrugated plate is preferably carried out in such a way that the planar region extends beyond the reinforcement into the wall element. This has the significant advantage that the Corrugated plate can not solve from the concrete and there is the further advantage that one thereby the distance, which the corrugated plate itself (that is, the end edge, without taking into account the above area areas) extends into the casting material, can choose less. The coverage of the corrugated sheet with concrete is therefore lower, which can be saved in the production of the prefabricated structural element concrete, which of course leads to a significant cost advantage.

A particularly advantageous preferred variant of the task solution is given when a number of spaced corrugated sheets is arranged in the direction of the width of the prefabricated component at intervals. Furthermore, it is preferably the case that the corrugated sheets each extend over at least part of the height of the prefabricated component.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the corrugated sheets are sanded. They may also be textured and / or have barbs or undercuts, thereby improving the retention of the corrugated sheet in the concrete of the casting material. Furthermore, it is preferably advantageous to apply a coating of a suitable material before sanding on the corrugated sheet in order to protect the glass fiber in the plastic of the corrugated sheet. The alkaline medium of the concrete is indeed quite aggressive and there is otherwise the risk that the glass fiber is attacked by alkaline constituents of the concrete.

The features mentioned in the dependent claims relate to preferred developments of the task solution according to the invention. Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Showing:

Figure 1 is a simplified schematic partial view of a prefabricated component according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of a corrugated plate used for the component.

First, reference is made to Figure 1 and based on this explains the basic structure of a prefabricated component according to the invention. The total with the reference Character 10 designated component comprises two parallel spaced cast wall elements 1 1, 12, which are usually made of concrete or a casting compound having comparable properties. The two wall elements 1 1, 12 are each only a few inches thick and between them remains through the distance a cavity 13, which is generally wider than the respective material thickness of the two wall elements. The two

Wall elements 1 1, 12 thus form virtually two shells that determine the outer and the inner wall shell of the prefabricated wall element in the later installed state. Characterized in that a cavity 13 is located between the two wall elements 1 1, 12, the prefabricated wall elements 10 is reduced to a minimum weight and the transport and handling at the construction site to the intended installation is simplified. Only after the positioning of the wall element 10, the cavity 13 is then on-site with a casting material, usually also poured concrete and thus the compact building wall (or ceiling) is created.

In the two cast concrete wall elements 1 1, 12 each reinforcing elements 14 are incorporated, which usually the usual reinforcing elements made of iron or steel are used in sufficient size and quantity. The reinforcing elements 14 are embedded in the concrete of the wall elements 1 1, 12 and thus protected against corrosion. In addition, such a prefabricated component 10, for example, in the region of the inside of the outer wall member 12 having a layer of an insulating material 16, which is adjacent to the inside of the wall element 12, whereby the pouring cavity 13 is narrower.

In order to increase the stability of such a prefabricated component and the resilience against shear and tensile forces, corrugated sheets 15 are used according to the invention, which connect the two wall elements 1 1, 12 in the transverse direction and thus bridge the distance and the cavity 13. These corrugated plates 15 may each extend over only a portion of the height of such a device 10, the latter may be several meters high. The corrugated sheets 15 can be seen in the direction of the width of the wall element 10, wherein the width of the extension of the device 10 is perpendicular to the plane in Figure 1 is meant to be arranged at intervals, for example, at a distance of 30 cm, such a corrugated plate 15. The material thickness of the corrugated sheets 15 is usually in the range of a few mm, for example, a material thickness of about 2.5 mm has been proven. The width of the respective corrugated plate 15 is to be chosen so that the corrugated plate protrudes both on its left side and on its right side in each case in the wall element 1 1 and 12 and is thus cast in the casting material of both wall elements 1 1 and 12, whereby a composite of the two wall Elements 1 1, 12 and the corrugated sheets 15 is created and a static unit which is resilient, in particular against shear stresses, that is, relative movements of the two wall elements 1 1, 12 are mutually prevented in all three spatial directions. The component is accordingly stabilized against movements of the individual wall elements in the direction of the thickness of the component 10 as well as in the height direction (up or down) and width direction of the component (perpendicular to the plane). Thus, shearing movements of the wall elements during the maneuvering of the components and under load occurring after the installation of the components are prevented, as are movements in which both wall elements 11, 12 would move towards one another.

A further advantage results from the special configuration of the corrugated sheets 15, which will be explained in more detail below with reference to the detailed drawing of the corrugated sheet according to FIG. 2, and from the fact that the corrugated sheets 15 have permanently attached (for example integrally formed) flat regions 17, which extend so deeply into the casting compound of the two wall elements 1 1, 12 that they protrude below the reinforcing elements 14, as can be seen in FIG.

FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of a single corrugated plate 15 in the plan view shown slightly in perspective, wherein the corrugated plate 15 is shown as it is also in the installation situation, ie perpendicular (with the component 10 stationary) and between the two wall elements 11 and 12 of the device 10 extending, as the latter is shown in the figure 1. As indicated in the drawing, the corrugated plate 15 is corrugated in itself, so that wave peaks 15 a and 15 b troughs result, which alternate in each case. When built into the device 10 corrugated plate 15, the spatial arrangement is so that the wave crests and wave troughs above or below the plane in Figure 1 would extend if the plane of a median plane of the corrugated plate 15 would correspond. Wave crests and wave troughs thus extend in the direction of the width of the component 10. The corrugated sheet 15 itself connects the two wall elements 1 1 and 12 and thus extends transversely to the width direction, that is in the direction of the depth of the component 10 (in the drawing of FIG 1 from right to left.) The depth of such a device is, for example, a total of about 40 cm.

Referring again to Figure 2. The corrugated plate 15 shown there is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic. The areal regions 17 are preferably located on both sides outside of the corrugated plate 15, so that they extend beyond the outer end edge 15 c of the corrugated plate to the outside. It is about the height of the well plate Preferably, a plurality of these areal regions 17 are each provided at a distance from one another, in each case preferably a plurality of areal areas on both sides. The actual corrugated plate 15 and the, for example, molded-on areas 17, which in each case after completion of the production of the corrugated plate 15 are an integral part of the corrugated plate 15, form a single component. The sheet-like regions 15 can be formed or cast, for example, in the production of the corrugated sheet 15 or first the corrugated sheet is prepared by a conventional method for glass-fiber reinforced plastics and then the sheet-like regions 17 are laminated or laminated so that they harden in after In any case, an integral part of the corrugated sheet and no fracture-prone areas or weak points remain, so that a uniform force on the area 17 in the corrugated sheet 15 takes place. The easiest way is if the corrugated plate 15 made of fiberglass is produced in one piece with the flat areas 17 directly during production.

FIG. 2 shows the shape of the areal regions 17, only one particularly advantageous form being shown here, which should be regarded as exemplary. These areal areas are in the form of tabs or tongues. Seen in plan view, it is about a blade shape, wherein first of the corrugated plate 15, starting portions 17 b of the flat areas with constant width are present and adjoin the end toward the end tapered sections 17 a, which is about a pointed

Shovel shape results. In itself, the flat areas 17 need not be flat, but may be curved in the transverse direction, so that they follow approximately the waveform. This results in an even better anchoring of the areal areas in the casting material of the wall elements, in which yes the respective externa ßeren end portions of the corrugated plate 15 and thus also the areal areas 17 are poured. Their relative arrangement after pouring into the wall elements 1 1, 12 results from FIG. 1. The end edge of the corrugated plate 15, also denoted by reference numeral 15 c in FIG. 2, terminates in front of the reinforcing elements 14, which extend further outward on the corrugated plate flat areas 17 thus extend deeper into the wall elements 1 1, 12, so that they reach below the reinforcement 14, whereby a particularly good bond between the corrugated sheets and the casting material of the wall elements 1 1, 12 is created (quasi-toothed anchoring .) The flat areas 17 are characterized by the fact that they are tapered, so dimensioned that they also fit between the struts of the baskets of a conventionally dimensioned reinforcement. In addition, the flat areas give way to obstacles due to the pointed shape when pressed into the casting compound. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 component

1 1 wall element

12 wall element 13 cavity

14 reinforcement

15 corrugated plate

15 a wave mountain

15 b wave trough 15 c frontal edge

16 insulation

17 areal areas

17 a tapered section

17 b section of constant width

Claims

claims

1 . Prefabricated component, in particular for the creation of walls or ceilings of buildings, comprising at least two parallel spaced cast wall elements which form between them a cavity to be emptied and these wall elements connecting and at least partially in the casting material of the wall elements protruding corrugated sheets of plastic, characterized characterized in that the corrugated sheets (15) firmly connected at least partially planar areas (17) are provided which anchor the corrugated sheets in the Gießmas- se of the wall elements (1 1, 12) tensile and shear resistant.

2. Prefabricated component according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least partially planar areas (17) are integral components of the corrugated sheets (15) which are provided in the manufacture of the corrugated sheets to these.

3. Prefabricated component according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least partially planar areas (17) on the corrugated sheets (15) are integrally formed.

4. Prefabricated component according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized marked, that the at least partially planar areas (17) are attached to the corrugated sheets tabs or tongues.

5. Prefabricated component according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least partially planar areas (17) taper at the ends and / or taper.

6. Prefabricated component according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the at least partially planar areas (17) seen in the transverse direction are curved or profiled in itself.

7. Prefabricated component according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least partially planar areas (17) on the corrugated sheets (15) in the region of wave troughs (15 b) and / or wave crests (15 a) are mounted.

8. Prefabricated component according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the at least partially planar areas (17) each have a corrugated plate (15) anchoring this corrugated plate in each case in two parallel wall elements (1 1, 12) of the prefabricated component (10).

9. Prefabricated component according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized marked, that a number of spaced corrugated sheets (15) in the width direction of the prefabricated component (10) is arranged at intervals to each other.

10. Prefabricated component according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the corrugated sheets (15) each extend over part of the height of the prefabricated component (10).

1 1. Prefabricated component according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the wall elements (1 1, 12) are each cast from concrete and have an internal reinforcement (14) and that the at least partially planar areas (17) to behind the Extend reinforcement into the wall elements.

12. Prefabricated component according to one of claims 1 to 1 1, characterized in that the corrugated sheets (15) are sanded and / or structured, and / or have barbs and / or undercuts.

13. Prefabricated component according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that on the surface of the corrugated plate (15) a coating is applied, preferably before the corrugated plate receives a sanding.