WO2009110758A2 - Etcs 단말기의 통신영역 제한 장치 - Google Patents
Etcs 단말기의 통신영역 제한 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009110758A2 WO2009110758A2 PCT/KR2009/001102 KR2009001102W WO2009110758A2 WO 2009110758 A2 WO2009110758 A2 WO 2009110758A2 KR 2009001102 W KR2009001102 W KR 2009001102W WO 2009110758 A2 WO2009110758 A2 WO 2009110758A2
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- obu
- rssi
- etcs
- ask
- control block
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
- H04B17/318—Received signal strength
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
- G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
- G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a communication area limiting apparatus of an ETCS terminal, and more particularly, to an ETCS terminal for increasing the communication success rate in the communication area of the ETCS terminal by precisely adjusting the reception performance of the ETCS terminal.
- the Electric Toll Collection System is referred to as a high pass system, which is an uninterrupted toll collection system using a 5.8 GHZ wireless communication system, which reduces traffic, improves environmental pollution, and computerizes traffic systems. It is a basic configuration system that implements an Intelligent Transport System (ITS) that can achieve the effect.
- ITS Intelligent Transport System
- the ETCS communication system uses an amplitude shift keying (ASK) method of the 5.8GHZ band, and there are two types of passive type and active type, and the active type has the advantage of easy implementation of ITS as well as ETCS. .
- ASK amplitude shift keying
- ECS electronic toll collection system
- an electric toll collection system includes an onboard unit (OBU) 110, a first vehicle detector 120, a second vehicle detector 125, A first roadside device (RSU1) 130 and a second roadside device (RSU2) 135 are provided.
- OBU onboard unit
- RSU1 first roadside device
- RSU2 second roadside device
- the OBU 110 is a terminal mounted in a vehicle and transmits or receives a radio frequency (RF) with the RSUs 130 and 135 which are terminals installed on a roadside.
- the vehicle detectors 120 and 125 are merely devices for recognizing a vehicle type and are not related to RF (Radio Frequency) transmission or reception.
- the OBU 110 collects tolls while sequentially passing through the first vehicle detector 120, the second vehicle detector 125, the first roadside device RSU1 130, and the second roadside device RSU2 135. Perform the necessary procedures.
- the section indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1 represents the communication area 150, which means a section that can be transmitted or received between the OBU 110 and the RSUs 130 and 135, and is optimized in consideration of road conditions. This item does not change after installing ETCS on the roadside.
- the communication area 150 is strictly limited to be a certain distance to minimize the malfunction of the ETCS, but according to the needs of the user through the transmission power (power) adjustment of the RSU (130, 135) and the antenna ease of adjustment desired 150 may be formed.
- the communication area 150 should not exceed the position of the first vehicle detector 120, and for example, an area other than the communication area 150, for example, the OBU 110 and the RSU before the first vehicle detector 120. If transmission or reception occurs between 130 and 135, it is treated as a malfunction. That is, only the case where transmission or reception between the OBU 110 and the RSUs 130 and 135 is performed in the communication area 150 is processed as a normal operation.
- the performance of the OBU 110 must be excellent, and as the transmission and reception performance of the OBU 110 decreases with respect to the determined communication area 150, the possibility of malfunction of the ETCS is reduced. It can be seen that increases.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of a transmitter or a receiver for a conventional electronic billing system (ETCS).
- ECS electronic billing system
- the conventional ETCS includes an antenna 100, an RF transmitter, a receiver 200, a baseband transmitter, and a receiver 300.
- the RF transmitter / receiver 200 includes an RF receiver 210, an RF transmitter 220, and an RF switch 230.
- the RF receiver 210 includes a low noise amplifier 212, a down conversion mixer 214, a filter 216, and an ASK demodulator 218.
- the low noise amplifier 212 amplifies the RF signal.
- the down conversion mixer 214 down converts the amplified RF signal to an intermediate frequency (IF) signal.
- the filter 216 filters noise of the down-converted signal.
- the ASK Demodulator 218 demodulates the received signal by an Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) method and outputs a digital signal to the baseband transmitting and receiving unit 300.
- ASK Amplitude Shift Keying
- the RF transmitter 220 includes an up conversion mixer 222 and a power amplifier 224.
- the up conversion mixer 222 up-converts the signal input from the baseband transmitting and receiving unit 300 into an RF signal, and the power amplifier 224 amplifies the RF signal into a signal having a desired output level.
- VCO voltage controlled oscillator
- PLL phase locked loop
- FIG. 3 illustrates the communication success rate of the electronic toll collection system (ETCS) according to the performance of the on-vehicle device (OBU).
- ECS electronic toll collection system
- OBU on-vehicle device
- 350 is the minimum communication success rate in the communication area 150
- 310 is the communication success rate when the transmission and reception performance of the OBU 110 exceeds the standard
- 330 is the OBU 110 Communication success rate when the transmission and reception performance is insufficient compared to the reference
- 320 represents the communication success rate when the transmission and reception performance of the OBU 110 is optimized in accordance with the standard.
- the 350 indicates that the communication success rate of the ETCS terminal is less than or equal to the minimum communication success rate, and the ETCS terminal is malfunctioned.
- the 310 transmits and receives before a section other than the communication area, that is, the position of the vehicle detector 1 120.
- the 330 is a case where the transmission and reception performance of the OBU 110 is insufficient compared to the reference.
- a section 340 is also generated in which the communication success rate is sharply reduced within the communication area.
- the OBU 110 passes the ETCS section at high speed, a probability of malfunction occurs is increased.
- the 320 is stable even when the OBU 110 transmits and receives in a high speed passage since the transmission and reception performance of the OBU 110 does not deviate from the communication area 150 and there is no communication success rate reduction section in the communication area 150 unlike the case of 310. It can be maintained.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an OBU transmitter output signal obtained by deteriorating a transmitter performance of a conventional OBU.
- the left figure of FIG. 4 illustrates a general OBU transmitter output signal
- the OBU 110 output signal is a signal modulated by an ASK method and output at a predetermined level or more.
- the quality of the output signal is represented by a Modulation Index 412, which is defined as the difference between the Carrier component 410 and the amplitude variation component 414.
- FIG. 4 shows the output signal of the OBU 110 transmitter obtained by degrading the transmitter performance of the OBU 110.
- the amplitude of the amplitude shift component 424 is reduced while the carrier component 420 is maintained. It can be seen that the decrease.
- Degrading the OBU 110 transmission performance in a manner of lowering the Modulation Index 422 of the OBU 110 transmission signal may degrade the reception performance of the receivers of the RSUs 130 and 135, and thus the OBU 110 and the RSU. It can be seen that it is possible to limit the communication area 150 between (130, 135).
- the OBU 110 for the ETCS operates in a manner that a transmission is always performed when it is received.
- the receiver of the OBU 110 since the performance of the receiver of the OBU 110 is not limited, the receiver of the OBU 110 may be recognized as a normal receiver even before entering the communication area 150, and there is a state in which the transmitter of the OBU 110 also outputs. Done. That is, the communication between the OBU 110 and the RSUs 130 and 135 is not only successful before the communication area, and generates an unnecessary operation state. As a result, the OBU 110 generates an ETCS in an area other than the communication area 150. In addition to generating noise that hinders performance, the OBU 110 has a problem of reducing the efficiency of reception and transmission switching when entering the communication area 150.
- the present invention has been made in an effort to provide an apparatus for limiting a communication area of an ETCS terminal capable of precisely controlling the reception sensitivity of the ETCS terminal in a limited communication area.
- the communication area limiting device of the ETCS terminal for achieving the above technical problem, in the electronic toll collection system (ETCS) of the vehicle-mounted device (OBU) equipped with an antenna, RF receiver, RF transmitter and baseband transmission, receiver Receiving the OBU comprising the Digital Control Block and the RSSI Control Block as a component to limit the reception performance of the OBU to the receiving end of the ASK Demodulator constituting one of the RF receivers so as to be transmitted or received only in a communication range of a certain range.
- a communication area limiting device of an ETCS terminal further comprising a performance limiting device.
- the communication area limiting device of the ETCS terminal for achieving the above technical problem, in the electronic toll collection system (ETCS) of the vehicle-mounted device (OBU) equipped with an antenna, RF receiver, RF transmitter and baseband transmission, receiver Receiving the OBU comprising the Digital Control Block and the RSSI Control Block as a component to limit the reception performance of the OBU to the receiving end of the ASK Demodulator constituting one of the RF receivers so as to be transmitted or received only in a communication range of a certain range.
- a communication area limiting device of an ETCS terminal further comprising a performance limiting device.
- ECS electronic toll collection system
- FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of a transmitter or a receiver for a conventional electronic billing system (ETCS).
- ECS electronic billing system
- FIG. 3 illustrates the communication success rate of the electronic toll collection system (ETCS) according to the performance of the on-vehicle device (OBU).
- ECS electronic toll collection system
- OBU on-vehicle device
- FIG. 4 illustrates an OBU transmitter output signal obtained by deteriorating a transmitter performance of a conventional OBU.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a configuration of a communication area limiting apparatus of an ETCS terminal according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating RSSI in order to explain a method of controlling reception performance of an OBU according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating RSSI and demodulated ASK output signals according to reception performance control of the OBU of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a configuration of a communication area limiting apparatus of an ETCS terminal according to the present invention.
- the communication area limiting apparatus of the present invention is an on-vehicle device equipped with an antenna 100, RF transmission, receiving unit 200, baseband transmission, receiving unit 300 and OBU terminal memory 400 Configure the OBU Electronic Toll Collection System (ETCS).
- the RF transmitter and receiver 200 includes a conventional RF receiver 210, an RF transmitter 220, and an RF switch 230, in addition to a receiver performance limiter 240 of an on-vehicle device (OBU).
- the reception performance limiter 240 serves as a configuration circuit corresponding to a feature of the present invention and restricts reception performance of an OBU, and includes a digital control block 242 and an RSSI control block 244.
- the RSSI Control Block 244 is a circuit for generating a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) output signal proportional to the magnitude of the received signal, and is controlled by the Digital Control Block 242.
- RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator
- the RSSI Control Block 244 may be adjusted by the Digital Control Block 242, and may adjust the output signal of the ASK Demodulator 218 according to the adjusted RSSI threshold or an optimal signal value of reference reception sensitivity.
- the output signal is sent to the baseband transmitter and receiver 300.
- the optimized digital control value of the RSSI threshold value or the reference reception sensitivity is stored in the OBU terminal memory 400.
- each of the antenna 100, the RF transmission and reception unit 200, the baseband transmission and the reception unit 300 has already been described with reference to FIG. 2, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating RSSI in order to explain a method of controlling reception performance of an OBU according to the present invention.
- reference numeral 610 denotes a reference reception sensitivity of an OBU, 611 an RSSI, 620 an RSSI threshold value (RSI), and 613 an RSSI slope.
- the reference reception sensitivity 610 should have a very small variation in reception sensitivity when applied between individual OBUs.
- the RSSI threshold 620 serves as a reference value for determining whether the magnitude of the received signal of the OBU is larger or smaller than the RSSI threshold 620 and is adjusted by the RSSI control block 244.
- FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating RSSI and demodulated ASK output signals according to reception performance control of the OBU of the present invention.
- reference numeral 610 denotes a reference reception sensitivity (Pref) of an OBU
- 730 denotes an RSSI
- 740 denotes a demodulated ASK output signal.
- the RSSI 730 is generated by the RSSI Control Block 244. When the received signal is larger than the RSSI threshold value RSSIth1 corresponding to the reference reception sensitivity 610, the RSSI 730 becomes Logic Level High and the size of the received signal. If is less than the RSSI threshold value RSSIth1, the Logic Level Low becomes.
- the output signal 740 outputs only when the received signal size of the OBU is larger than the RSSI threshold value RSSIth2 corresponding to the reference reception sensitivity 610, and the size of the received signal is greater than the RSSI threshold value RSSIth2. If it is small, no output signal is generated.
- the communication area limiting apparatus of the present invention has been applied to the OBU, it can be applied to the RSU as necessary.
- the communication area limiting device is implemented by applying to the RSU, the method applied to the OBU described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7, that is, a method of limiting the communication area of the RSU by adjusting the RSSI slope 611 or RSSI threshold (RSSIth)
- RSSIth RSSI threshold
- the user adjusts the RSSI slope 611 and the RSSI threshold RSSIth2 by the RSSI Control Block 244 adjusted by the Digital Control Block 242 to bring the reception sensitivity of the OBU to a desired level. Since it can be precisely adjusted, transmission and reception between the OBU and the RSU can be realized only in the communication area 150.
- the RSSI Control Block 244 does not generate a demodulated output signal at the receiver of the OBU for an input signal below the reference reception sensitivity 610 through the RSSI 630 function, and the reference reception sensitivity 610. In case of abnormality, it can be adjusted to generate the transmission output of the OBU.
- the communication area limiting apparatus of the present invention is controlled by a digital control method, it is possible to implement an auto-calibration function during the production of the OBU, and to receive the RSSI threshold or the reference reception obtained by the experiment during the production of the OBU.
- the digital control value optimized for the sensitivity is stored in the OBU terminal memory 400 so that it can be easily implemented.
- the communication area limiting device may be implemented by applying to the RSU as well as the OBU, and in this case, may be implemented by applying the same method applied to the above-described OBU.
- the Electric Toll Collection System is referred to as a high-pass system, which is an uninterrupted toll collection system using a wireless communication system of 5.8 GHZ, and the present invention relates to the application of such a system.
- ITS Intelligent Transport System
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 안테나, RF 수신부, RF 송신부 및 Baseband 송, 수신부를 부착한 차량탑재장치(OBU)의 전자요금징수시스템(ETCS)에 있어서,상기 RF 수신부의 일구성을 이루는 ASK Demodulator의 수신단에 상기 OBU의 수신 성능을 제한하여 일정한 범위의 통신영역에서만 송신 또는 수신이 되도록 작동하도록 Digital Control Block 및 RSSI Control Block을 구성요소로 하는 OBU의 수신 성능 제한장치를 더 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 ETCS 단말기의 통신영역 제한 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 RSSI Control Block은,RSSI 문턱값 또는 RSSI 기울기를 조정하여, 상기 ASK Demodulator에서 발생되는 진폭변이변조(ASK) 출력신호를 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 ETCS 단말기의 통신영역 제한 장치.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 진폭변이변조(ASK) 출력신호는상기 OBU의 수신신호 입력강도(Input power)가 상기 RSSI 문턱값에 대응하는 기준수신감도(Pref) 보다 큰 경우에만 출력되는 것을 특징으로 하는 ETCS 단말기의 통신영역 제한 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 RF 송신부는,상기 RSSI 문턱값에 대응하는 기준수신감도(Pref) 이상일 경우에만 송신신호를 발송하는 것을 특징으로 하는 ETCS 단말기의 통신영역 제한 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 Baseband 송, 수신부의 일측단에 RSSI 문턱값 또는 기준수신감도(Pref)의 디지털제어값(Digital Control Value)을 저장하는 OBU 단말기 메모리를 더 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 ETCS 단말기의 통신영역 제한 장치.
- 복수의 노변장치(RSU) 각각에 부착된 안테나, RF 수신부, RF 송신부, 및 Baseband 송, 수신부를 구비하는 전자요금징수시스템(ETCS)에 있어서,상기 RF 수신부의 일구성을 이루는 ASK Demodulator의 수신단에 상기 노변장치(RSU)의 수신 성능을 제한하여 일정한 범위의 통신영역에서만 송신 또는 수신이 되도록 작동하도록 Digital Control Block 및 RSSI Control Block을 구성요소로 하는 RSU의 수신 성능 제한장치를 더 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 ETCS 단말기의 통신영역 제한 장치.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 RSSI Control Block은,RSSI 문턱값 또는 RSSI 기울기를 조정하여, 상기 ASK Demodulator에서 발생되는 진폭변이변조(ASK) 출력신호를 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 ETCS 단말기의 통신영역 제한 장치.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 진폭변이변조(ASK) 출력신호는상기 RSU의 수신신호 입력강도(Input power)가 상기 RSSI 문턱값에 대응하는 기준수신감도(Pref) 보다 큰 경우에만 출력되는 것을 특징으로 하는 ETCS 단말기의 통신영역 제한 장치.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 RF 송신부는,상기 RSSI 문턱값에 대응하는 기준수신감도(Pref) 이상일 경우에만 송신신호를 발송하는 것을 특징으로 하는 ETCS 단말기의 통신영역 제한 장치.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 Baseband 송, 수신부의 일측단에 RSSI 문턱값 또는 기준수신감도(Pref)의 디지털제어값(Digital Control Value)을 저장하는 RSU 단말기 메모리를 더 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 ETCS 단말기의 통신영역 제한 장치.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2010549576A JP5279849B2 (ja) | 2008-03-05 | 2009-03-05 | Etcs端末機の通信領域制限装置 |
CN200980107658XA CN101965590B (zh) | 2008-03-05 | 2009-03-05 | 电子收费系统(etcs)终端的通信范围限制装置 |
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KR10-2008-0020597 | 2008-03-05 | ||
KR1020080020597A KR101016938B1 (ko) | 2008-03-05 | 2008-03-05 | Etcs 단말기의 통신영역 제한 장치 |
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CN105791042A (zh) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-20 | 航天信息股份有限公司 | Etc系统中的通信质量测试方法 |
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- 2009-03-05 CN CN200980107658XA patent/CN101965590B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-03-05 WO PCT/KR2009/001102 patent/WO2009110758A2/ko active Application Filing
- 2009-03-05 JP JP2010549576A patent/JP5279849B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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KR20030030187A (ko) * | 2001-10-09 | 2003-04-18 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 요금자동징수시스템의 무선송수신장치 |
JP2006217020A (ja) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-08-17 | Epson Toyocom Corp | 受信装置 |
KR20060103784A (ko) * | 2005-03-28 | 2006-10-04 | 에스케이 텔레콤주식회사 | Dmb 수신 제한 장치 인식 시스템 및 방법 |
JP2007281947A (ja) * | 2006-04-07 | 2007-10-25 | Hitachi Ltd | 狭域通信用車載器 |
Cited By (5)
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CN102568043A (zh) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-07-11 | 博通集成电路(上海)有限公司 | 用于电子收费系统的方法和车载单元 |
CN102568043B (zh) * | 2010-12-23 | 2014-01-08 | 博通集成电路(上海)有限公司 | 用于电子收费系统的方法和车载单元 |
CN105791042A (zh) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-20 | 航天信息股份有限公司 | Etc系统中的通信质量测试方法 |
CN105791042B (zh) * | 2014-12-24 | 2020-11-17 | 航天信息股份有限公司 | Etc系统中的通信质量测试方法 |
CN114257740A (zh) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-29 | 上海应用技术大学 | 一种监控装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101965590A (zh) | 2011-02-02 |
CN101965590B (zh) | 2012-12-26 |
WO2009110758A3 (ko) | 2009-12-30 |
JP5279849B2 (ja) | 2013-09-04 |
JP2011517875A (ja) | 2011-06-16 |
KR101016938B1 (ko) | 2011-02-25 |
KR20090095323A (ko) | 2009-09-09 |
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