WO2009110254A1 - 電界効果トランジスタ及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
電界効果トランジスタ及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009110254A1 WO2009110254A1 PCT/JP2009/050837 JP2009050837W WO2009110254A1 WO 2009110254 A1 WO2009110254 A1 WO 2009110254A1 JP 2009050837 W JP2009050837 W JP 2009050837W WO 2009110254 A1 WO2009110254 A1 WO 2009110254A1
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- H01L29/66409—Unipolar field-effect transistors
- H01L29/66446—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an active layer made of a group 13/15 material, e.g. group 13/15 velocity modulation transistor [VMT], group 13/15 negative resistance FET [NERFET]
- H01L29/66462—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an active layer made of a group 13/15 material, e.g. group 13/15 velocity modulation transistor [VMT], group 13/15 negative resistance FET [NERFET] with a heterojunction interface channel or gate, e.g. HFET, HIGFET, SISFET, HJFET, HEMT
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- H01L29/7783—Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface with confinement of carriers by at least two heterojunctions, e.g. DHHEMT, quantum well HEMT, DHMODFET using III-V semiconductor material
- H01L29/7785—Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface with confinement of carriers by at least two heterojunctions, e.g. DHHEMT, quantum well HEMT, DHMODFET using III-V semiconductor material with more than one donor layer
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a field effect transistor using a nitride semiconductor and a manufacturing method thereof. More particularly, the present invention relates to a normally-off (enhancement) type field effect transistor and a method for manufacturing the normally-off field type transistor, and a method for manufacturing the field effect transistor having a configuration capable of realizing low on-resistance.
- Nitride-based semiconductors such as GaN, AlGaN, InGaN, InAlN, and InAlGaN have the characteristics of having high dielectric breakdown strength, high thermal conductivity, and high electron saturation speed. Because of this feature, nitride-based semiconductor materials are promising as semiconductor materials for use in the production of power devices for power control such as high-frequency devices or switching elements. In recent years, field effect transistors using nitride-based semiconductor materials The development of practical use is actively underway.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of a structure proposed as a normally-off (enhancement) type field effect transistor using a nitride-based semiconductor material (see Patent Document 1).
- a configuration of a normally-off type field effect transistor using a nitride semiconductor according to the technique illustrated in FIG. 8 will be briefly described.
- a buffer layer 12 and a channel layer 13 made of, for example, i-GaN are sequentially stacked on the semi-insulating substrate 11.
- a first electron supply layer 14a and a second electron supply layer 14b made of, for example, AlGaN having a larger band gap than the channel layer 13 are formed so as to be separated from each other.
- a pair of contact layers 16a and 16b made of, for example, n-GaN doped with an n-type impurity such as Si at a high concentration of 5 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 or more are formed on both sides.
- a source electrode S is formed on the contact layer 16a, and a drain electrode D is formed on the contact layer 16b.
- a gate electrode G made of, for example, Ta-Si on the insulating layer 15 is formed, constitute a gate portion G 0.
- the electron supply layer under portions of the gate electrode G is not present, directly under the gate electrode G, i.e. the channel layer located between the first and second electron supply layer 14a, 14b No two-dimensional electron gas is generated in 13.
- a predetermined bias voltage is applied to the gate electrode G, an electron inversion distribution layer is generated at the channel layer 13 located immediately below the insulating layer 15.
- the inversion distribution layer connects the two-dimensional electron gas 6 generated under the first and second electron supply layers 14a and 14b, whereby a drain current flows between the source electrode S and the drain electrode D.
- the transistor is turned on.
- the normally-off (enhancement) type field effect transistor having the configuration shown in FIG. 8 has a plurality of configuration problems as described below.
- the first problem is the structure of the gate portion G 0 shown in FIG. 8, for utilizing the inversion layer of electrons to the transistor in the on state, the source in the on state - drain resistance, the so-called There is a problem that the on-resistance becomes high.
- a two-dimensional electron gas is formed by an AlGaN / GaN heterojunction using a currently manufactured relatively good quality epitaxial layer, a high mobility of 1500 cm 2 / Vs or more can be obtained.
- the two-dimensional electron gas is a carrier responsible for current transport, a field effect transistor having a low on-resistance can be realized by the high mobility of the two-dimensional electron gas. Since the two-dimensional electron gas 6 is formed in the channel layer 13 below the first and second electron supply layers 14a and 14b shown in FIG. 8, the resistance in this region is relatively small.
- the gate portion G 0 of Figure 8 in the configuration using the inversion layer of electrons, when the transistor is turned on, the resistance of the gate immediately below, so-called channel resistance, use of 2-dimensional electron gas This is 30 times as large as that of the configuration, and causes a significant increase in on-resistance.
- the channel resistance occupies most of the on-resistance, and therefore the field effect transistor having the configuration of FIG. Not suitable for manufacturing pressure-resistant products.
- the gate length (Lg) can be shortened and the channel resistance can be reduced by reducing the distance between the first and second electron supply layers 14a and 14b.
- the gate length (Lg) is shortened, there is a trade-off relationship that the channel resistance is reduced while the drain withstand voltage is lowered.
- the on-resistance cannot be reduced while maintaining a high withstand voltage. . That is, with the configuration shown in FIG. 8, it is extremely difficult to achieve a low on-resistance while maintaining a sufficient breakdown voltage.
- the second problem is that it is a lateral surface device in which both the source electrode S and the drain electrode D are formed on the semiconductor surface, so that it is difficult to reduce the on-resistance per device area.
- the source ⁇ The region between the gates and between the gate and the drain is a low resistance region.
- the gate-drain region is formed of such a low resistance region, it is necessary to increase the distance in order to maintain a high gate breakdown voltage.
- a gate-drain distance of about 20 ⁇ m is required.
- source electrode 10 ⁇ m Source-gate distance 2 ⁇ m
- gate length (Lg) 3 ⁇ m gate length 3 ⁇ m
- drain electrode 10 ⁇ m drain electrode 10 ⁇ m
- the distance (20 ⁇ m) and the drain electrode (10 ⁇ m) occupy 2/3.
- the lateral surface device as shown in FIG. 8 requires a large gate-drain distance because it is necessary to maintain a high gate breakdown voltage, and the drain electrode must also be disposed on the semiconductor surface.
- the area of these drain regions occupying is extremely large. Since the on-resistance of a device is normally defined per device area, an increase in area means an increase in on-resistance per device area. That is, in the configuration as shown in FIG. 8, it is difficult to reduce the on-resistance of the transistor.
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems.
- the object of the present invention is to realize a low on-resistance and low power consumption while maintaining a high breakdown voltage even in a normally-off (enhancement) type configuration of a field effect transistor using a nitride semiconductor and a manufacturing method thereof. It is an object to provide a field effect transistor having a simple structure and a method of manufacturing the same.
- the main factors that make it difficult to reduce the on-resistance are firstly that an inversion distribution layer having low mobility is used in the channel of the gate part, and secondly.
- the lateral surface device is difficult to reduce the device area.
- the field effect transistor according to the present invention has a drift layer formed of at least n-type or i-type Al X Ga 1-X N (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.3) on the substrate through an appropriate buffer layer from the substrate side.
- An epitaxially grown nitride-based semiconductor multilayer structure a gate electrode formed on part of the surface of the channel layer via an insulating film, and at least adjacent to one side in the plane direction of the region where the gate electrode is formed, and the n + -type connections area over a portion of the drift layer is n-type impurity doped at a concentration of at least 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm -3 from a portion of the channel layer, the relative to the gate electrode n + Type contact It has a source electrode formed on the surface of the semiconductor layer opposite to the connecting region and a drain electrode formed on the back surface of the substrate.
- the field effect transistor according to the present invention has a drift layer formed of at least n-type or i-type Al X Ga 1-X N (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.3) on the substrate through an appropriate buffer layer from the substrate side.
- a nitride-based semiconductor multilayer structure is formed, a gate electrode is formed on part of the surface of the channel layer via an insulating film, and adjacent to one side in the plane direction of the region where the gate electrode is formed.
- the gate electrode to form a doped n + type connection regions from a part at a concentration n-type impurity of 1 ⁇ 10 of 18 cm -3 or more over a portion of the drift layer of at least the channel layer, the gate electrode
- the n + -type connected to form a source electrode on the opposite side of the semiconductor layer surface area, and forms a drain electrode on the substrate back surface against.
- a field effect transistor using a nitride semiconductor has a structure capable of realizing low on-resistance and low power consumption while maintaining a high breakdown voltage even in a normally-off (enhancement) type configuration.
- a field effect transistor and its manufacturing method can be obtained.
- the field effect transistor according to the present invention has a nitride-based semiconductor multilayer structure epitaxially grown on a substrate through an appropriate buffer layer.
- the nitride-based semiconductor multilayer structure includes, from the substrate side, at least a drift layer made of n-type or i-type Al X Ga 1-X N (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.3), and i-type Al Y Ga 1 ⁇
- an electron supply layer made of n-type Al Y Ga 1 -YN, and a channel layer made of i-type GaN or InGaN are sequentially stacked.
- a gate electrode is formed on a part of the surface of the channel layer through an insulating film.
- the n-type impurity is doped at a concentration of 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 or more from at least a part of the channel layer to a part of the drift layer.
- An n + type connection region is formed.
- a source electrode is formed on the surface of the semiconductor layer opposite to the n + -type connection region with respect to the gate electrode. Further, a drain electrode is formed on the back surface of the substrate.
- the electron supply layer is formed on the opposite side to the gate electrode formed on the surface of the channel layer via the insulating film, that is, below the channel layer. For this reason, when a predetermined bias voltage is applied to the gate electrode to turn on the transistor, the channel layer / electron is added directly below the gate in addition to the inversion distribution layer of electrons formed at the insulating film / channel layer interface. A two-dimensional electron gas having a high mobility is accumulated at the supply layer interface. That is, in the normally-off type field effect transistor shown in FIG. 8, current transport directly under the gate electrode was carried out only by the inversion distribution layer of electrons having a low mobility, whereas in the present invention, current transport directly under the gate electrode was performed.
- the inversion distribution layer and the two-dimensional electron gas are assumed. Further, the channel resistance can be greatly reduced by two points: the increase in carriers due to the addition of the two-dimensional electron gas to the inversion distribution layer and the high mobility of the newly added two-dimensional electron gas. .
- the breakdown voltage of the transistor is determined by the thickness of the drift layer and the n-type impurity concentration.
- the thickness of the drift layer is increased in order to ensure a high breakdown voltage.
- the area of the device does not change.
- the drain electrode is formed on the back surface of the substrate, the device area is less than half that of the lateral surface device, so that the on-resistance per device area can be greatly reduced.
- the vertical transistor structure according to the present invention makes it possible to increase the resistance of the drift region compared to the lateral surface device. As a result, the on-resistance can be reduced.
- the field effect transistor according to the present invention has a structure capable of realizing a low on-resistance and low power consumption while maintaining a high breakdown voltage even in a normally-off (enhancement) type configuration.
- the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific examples. The following specific examples are examples of the best embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of the field effect transistor according to the first embodiment.
- the nitride semiconductor used in the field effect transistor according to the first embodiment has the following layered structure.
- a buffer layer 102 On the substrate 101, a buffer layer 102, a drain contact layer 103 made of n-type GaN doped with Si of 2 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 with a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m, a drift layer 104 made of GaN with a thickness of 2.5 ⁇ m, Barrier layer 105 made of undoped Al 0.15 Ga 0.85 N with a thickness of 15 nm, electron made of n-type Al 0.15 Ga 0.85 N doped with 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 of Si with a thickness of 5 nm Supply layer 106, channel layer 107 made of undoped GaN having a thickness of 10 nm, and source contact layer 108 made of n-type Al 0.2 Ga 0.8 N doped with 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 of Si having a thickness of 15 nm.
- the source contact layer 108 is formed of n-type Al 0.2 Ga 0.8 N, but may be formed of n-type or i-type Al Z Ga 1-Z N (Z> Y).
- a part of the source contact layer 108 on the surface is removed by etching, and a source electrode 109 and a protective film 110 are formed in a region where the source contact layer 108 remains.
- a gate insulating film 112 is formed so as to cover the region where the source contact layer 108 is removed by etching and the protection film 110.
- a gate electrode 111 is formed on the gate insulating film 112 so as to cover an end portion of the source contact layer 108.
- Si as an n-type impurity is doped by 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 or more from a part of the channel layer 107 to a part of the drift layer 104.
- An n + -type connection region 113 is formed.
- a trench groove reaching the drain contact layer 103 is formed from the back surface of the substrate 101, and a drain electrode 115 is formed so as to cover the trench groove and the back surface of the substrate 101.
- FIGS. 2A to 2F are cross-sectional views schematically showing manufacturing steps of the field effect transistor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- a buffer layer 102 is formed on a substrate 101 made of SiC, and Si is 2 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 doped with a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m. Further, the drain contact layer 103 made of n-type GaN, the drift layer 104 made of GaN having a thickness of 2.5 ⁇ m, the barrier layer 105 made of undoped Al 0.15 Ga 0.85 N having a thickness of 15 nm, and Si having a thickness of 5 nm.
- MOVPE metal organic vapor phase epitaxy
- n + type connection region 113 is formed using a photoresist mask in which an opening pattern is formed in a region where the n + type connection region 113 is to be formed.
- 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 2 of Si is implanted into a predetermined place with an energy of 70 keV by an ion implantation method. To do. Thereafter, the photoresist mask is removed, and annealing at 1200 ° C. is performed to form the n + type connection region 113.
- a Ti / Al (30/180 nm) electrode is formed at a predetermined location on the surface of the source contact layer 108 by vapor deposition / lift-off method, and then RTA (Rapid Thermal Anneal) is performed at 700 ° C. for 60 seconds.
- a source electrode 109 is obtained (FIG. 2B).
- a protective film 110 made of SiN having a thickness of 100 nm is formed by plasma CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition). Thereafter, the protective film 110 is etched by using a RIE (Reactive Ion Etching) method using a photoresist mask in which an opening pattern is formed in a region where the source contact layer 108 is removed. After removing the photoresist mask, the source contact layer 108 is removed by etching using an ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) dry etching method using the protective film 110 as an etching mask (FIG. 2C).
- RIE Reactive Ion Etching
- a gate insulating film 112 made of Al 2 O 3 having a thickness of 30 nm is formed by an ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) method. Thereafter, Ni / Au (30/300 nm) is formed at a predetermined location by using a vapor deposition / lift-off method to obtain the gate electrode 111 (FIG. 2D).
- an ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) dry etching method is performed using a metal mask made of Ni in which an opening pattern is formed at a predetermined location. As a result, a trench groove that penetrates the substrate 101 and the buffer layer 102 and reaches the drain contact layer 103 is formed (FIG. 2E). Finally, a drain electrode 115 is formed on the entire back surface of the substrate 101 by vapor deposition to complete a field effect transistor (FIG. 2F).
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are energy potential distribution diagrams of a cross section taken along line III (IV) -III '(IV') in FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows an energy potential distribution when a positive bias voltage equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold voltage (Vt) is applied to the gate electrode 111 (Vg> Vt> 0 V).
- the energy (EC) of the conduction band is lowered as shown in FIG.
- the energy (EC) of the conduction band is Fermi at three locations: the interface between the channel layer 107 and the gate insulating film 112, the interface between the channel layer 107 and the electron supply layer 106, and the interface between the barrier layer 105 and the drift layer 104.
- EF the level
- the inversion distribution layer 116 generated in the channel layer 107 and the two-dimensional electron gas 114 connects the two-dimensional electron gas 114 generated in the region where the source contact layer 108 is formed and the n + -type connection region 113, so that the field effect transistor has the source electrode 109. And the drain electrode 115 are turned on.
- the field effect transistor of the present invention configured as shown in FIG. 1 is a vertical field effect transistor in which the electron flow (current) in the ON state is in the vertical direction from the source electrode 109 on the front surface to the drain electrode 115 on the back surface. Function as.
- the channel layer 107 in the region below the gate electrode 111 includes the channel layer 107 and the electron supply layer 106 in addition to the inversion distribution layer 116 accumulated at the interface between the channel layer 107 and the gate insulating film 112.
- the two-dimensional electron gas 114 having a high mobility accumulates at the interface. That is, in the normally-off type field effect transistor shown in FIG.
- the channel layer 107 passes through the n + -type connection region 113 and the drift layer 104, and the back surface of the substrate.
- a vertical transistor structure in which electrons flow to the drain electrode 115 is employed. Therefore, the breakdown voltage of the transistor is determined by the thickness of the drift layer 104 and the n-type impurity concentration. In order to sufficiently increase the breakdown voltage of the transistor, it is necessary to increase the distance between the gate and the drain. In the lateral surface device, when the gate-drain distance is increased, the area of the device increases.
- the thickness of the drift layer 104 is increased in order to ensure a high breakdown voltage. Even so, the area of the device does not change. Furthermore, since the drain electrode 115 is formed on the back surface of the substrate, the device area can be reduced as compared with the lateral surface device. For example, in the field effect transistor according to the present embodiment, a breakdown voltage of 600 V can be obtained by configuring the drift layer 104 with undoped GaN having a thickness of 2.5 ⁇ m.
- each region is 18 ⁇ m in total including a source electrode 10 ⁇ m, a source-gate distance 2 ⁇ m, a gate length (Lg) 3 ⁇ m, and an n + type connection region 3 ⁇ m.
- the device area can be reduced by 60% with respect to the dimension (45 ⁇ m) of the lateral surface device.
- the barrier layer 105 and the drift layer below the gate electrode 111 are formed.
- the two-dimensional electron gas 114 is also accumulated at the interface with 104.
- the vertical transistor structure according to the present invention makes it possible to increase the resistance of the drift region compared to the lateral surface device. As a result, the on-resistance can be reduced.
- the field effect transistor according to the present invention configured as shown in FIG. 1 has the effect of reducing three of the channel resistance, device area, and drift region resistance as compared with the field effect transistor shown in FIG. As a result, the on-resistance was able to obtain a very small value of 3 m ⁇ cm 2 for a withstand voltage of 600V.
- the materials and manufacturing processes shown in this embodiment are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the substrate 101 not only SiC but also any substrate that can be used for epitaxial growth of a nitride-based semiconductor such as sapphire, GaN, Si, etc. can be used.
- the gate insulating film 112 not only Al 2 O 3 but also SiO 2 , SiN, SiON, AlN, MgO, Sc 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , HfO 2 , or a stacked structure thereof can be used.
- a method of forming the n + -type connection region 113 not only an ion implantation method but also an impurity addition method such as solid layer diffusion can be used.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of the field effect transistor according to the second embodiment.
- the nitride semiconductor used in the field effect transistor according to the second embodiment has the following layered structure.
- a buffer layer 202 On the substrate 201, a buffer layer 202, a drift layer 204 made of Al 0.03 Ga 0.97 N having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m, a barrier layer 205 made of undoped Al 0.2 Ga 0.8 N having a thickness of 15 nm, a thickness
- An electron supply layer 206 made of n-type Al 0.2 Ga 0.8 N doped with 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 of Si at 5 nm, and a channel layer made of undoped In 0.05 Ga 0.95 N with a thickness of 10 nm 207 is epitaxially grown in this order to form a laminated structure.
- a source contact region 216 doped with 2 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 or more of Si as an n-type dopant is formed in part of the surface channel layer 207.
- the source contact region 216 is doped with Si as an n-type impurity at a concentration of 2 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 or more, but is doped with an n-type impurity at a concentration of 2 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 or more. It only has to be done.
- a source electrode 209 is formed on the source contact region 216.
- a gate insulating film 212 is formed on the surface of the channel layer 207.
- a gate electrode 211 is formed on the surface of the gate insulating film 212 so as to be adjacent to the source contact region 216.
- FIGS. 7A to 7F are cross-sectional views schematically showing manufacturing steps of the field effect transistor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- a buffer layer 202 is formed on a substrate 201 made of n-type Si, and Si is doped by 1 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 with a thickness of 1 ⁇ m.
- MOVPE metal organic vapor phase epitaxy
- drift layer 204 made of n-type Al 0.03 Ga 0.97 N
- barrier layer 205 made of undoped Al 0.2 Ga 0.8 N having a thickness of 15 nm
- Si having a thickness of 5 nm and 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇
- An electron supply layer 206 made of 3- doped n-type Al 0.2 Ga 0.8 N and a channel layer 207 made of undoped In 0.05 Ga 0.95 N having a thickness of 10 nm were epitaxially grown in this order for the production.
- a stacked structure of nitride semiconductors to be used is obtained (FIG. 7A).
- a protective film 210 made of SiO 2 having a thickness of 200 nm is formed by thermal CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition).
- the protective film 210 is etched by RIE (Reactive Ion Etching) using a photoresist mask in which an opening pattern is formed in a region where the n + type connection region 213 is formed.
- RIE Reactive Ion Etching
- a part of the channel layer 207, the electron supply layer 206, the barrier layer 205, and the drift layer 204 using the protective film 210 as a mask and using an ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) dry etching method. Is removed by etching.
- ICP Inductively Coupled Plasma
- the gap removed by the etching by selective growth using a metal organic chemical vapor deposition method is filled with n + type GaN doped with Si 2 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 , thereby forming an n + type connection region 213. Is obtained (FIG. 7B).
- a diffusion source 217 made of SiON having a thickness of 100 nm is formed by plasma CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition). Then, the diffusion source 217 is removed by etching using the RIE method using a photoresist mask in which an opening pattern is formed in a region other than the region where the source contact region 216 is formed. Subsequently, Si is diffused from the diffusion source 217 into the channel layer 207 by annealing at 1000 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain the source contact region 216 (FIG. 7C).
- a Ti / Al (30/180 nm) electrode is formed at a predetermined position on the surface of the source contact region 216 by using a deposition / lift-off method, and then RTA (Rapid Thermal) at 650 ° C. for 30 seconds. Annealing is performed to obtain the source electrode 209 (FIG. 7D).
- a gate insulating film 212 made of Al 2 O 3 having a thickness of 50 nm is formed by an ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) method.
- a gate electrode 211 is obtained by forming Pt / Au (20/400 nm) at a predetermined location by using an evaporation / lift-off method (FIG. 7E). Finally, the back surface of the substrate 201 is polished to a thickness of 150 ⁇ m, and then a drain electrode 215 is formed on the entire back surface of the substrate 201 by vapor deposition to complete a field effect transistor (FIG. 7F).
- the field effect transistor having the configuration of FIG. 6 functions as a normally-off type field effect transistor.
- a vertical field effect transistor in which the electron flow (current) is in the vertical direction from the source electrode 209 on the front surface to the drain electrode 215 on the back surface when it is turned on. Function as.
- the electron flow (current) is in the vertical direction from the source electrode 209 on the front surface to the drain electrode 215 on the back surface when it is turned on.
- a source contact layer made of AlGaN is not used as a region for forming the source electrode 209 as in the first embodiment, and a large amount of n-type dopant is formed by solid layer diffusion.
- a source contact region 216 to which (Si) is added is formed.
- doping with a high concentration of 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 or more can be easily performed, the surface side can have a higher concentration of dopant, and the source electrode 209 can be formed on the surface of the GaN layer instead of AlGaN. Therefore, the contact resistance of the source electrode 209 can be greatly reduced as compared with the first embodiment.
- the solid contact diffusion method is used to form the source contact region 216, but it goes without saying that the source contact region 216 can be formed using other methods such as an ion implantation method.
- the n + type connection region 213 is made of n + type GaN using selective growth without using the ion implantation method as in the first embodiment. .
- the n + -type connection region 113 is doped with a high concentration of n-type dopant, but the interface between the channel layer 107 and the electron supply layer 106, and between the barrier layer 105 and the drift layer 104. Since the interface is formed of an AlGaN / GaN heterojunction, a potential barrier corresponding to the conduction band discontinuity ( ⁇ EC) exists, which causes the resistance to increase.
- ⁇ EC conduction band discontinuity
- the entire n + type connection region 213 is made of n + type GaN and does not include a heterojunction, the resistance of this region can be reduced.
- the drain contact layer and the trench groove from the back surface of the substrate 201 are not used to form the drain electrode 215.
- a conductive substrate such as n-type Si or n-type SiC is used as the substrate 201, and the buffer layer 202 that connects the substrate 201 and the drift layer 204 with a relatively low resistance is provided. It becomes possible by using it.
- the substrate price is 1/10 or less compared to SiC, sapphire, and GaN, which are generally used as substrates for nitride-based semiconductor devices. Can be greatly reduced.
- the strength is reduced in the trench groove portion, which causes a decrease in yield due to cracking during manufacturing and in the completed device chip, but the trench groove is not used. In the second embodiment, such a problem does not occur.
- the drain electrode 115 is formed on the drain contact layer 103 made of GaN, which is a wide gap semiconductor, in the trench groove.
- the drain electrode 215 is formed with respect to the n-type Si, so that a low contact resistance can be easily realized as compared with the first embodiment.
- the second embodiment can be said to be a configuration suitable for realizing a lower on-resistance. Furthermore, in this embodiment, as a result of reducing the on-resistance by adding an n-type dopant to the drift layer 204, an extremely low on-resistance of 0.5 m ⁇ cm 2 with respect to a withstand voltage of 200 V is obtained, and the field effect according to the present invention It was confirmed that the transistor has a structure suitable for manufacturing a low withstand voltage product.
- Source electrode formed on the channel layer via a source contact layer made of AlGaN, or formed via a source contact region doped with n-type impurities on the surface side of the channel layer.
- N + -type connection region N-type dopant addition by ion implantation method or solid layer diffusion method, or selective growth of n + -type GaN
- drain electrode contact the drain contact layer through the trench groove from the back of the substrate, or conductive substrate and low resistance Contact with the back surface of the substrate using a buffer
- the object of the present invention is a no-conductor using a nitride semiconductor that can realize low on-resistance and low power consumption. It is possible to configure the Riofu (enhancement) type field effect transistor. While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes that can be understood by those skilled in the art can be made to the configuration and details of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.
- a normally-off (enhancement) type field effect transistor using a nitride semiconductor according to the present invention has the advantage of having a low on-resistance and a structure that can reduce power consumption.
- the present invention can be applied to a transistor constituting a high-power microwave amplifier used in the present invention and a transistor used in a power control device such as a PC power supply or an automobile power steering.
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Abstract
Description
12 バッファ層
13 チャネル層
14a、14b 電子供給層
15 絶縁層
16a、16b コンタクト層
6 2次元電子ガス
101、201 基板
102、202 バッファ層
103 ドレインコンタクト層
104、204 ドリフト層
105、205 バリア層
106、206 電子供給層
107、207 チャネル層
108 ソースコンタクト層
109、209 ソース電極
110、210 保護膜
111、211 ゲート電極
112、212 ゲート絶縁膜
113、213 n+型接続領域
114 2次元電子ガス
115、215 ドレイン電極
116 反転分布層
216 ソースコンタクト領域
217 拡散源
以下に、具体例を示して、本発明をより詳しく説明する。下記の具体例は、本発明の最良の実施形態の一例であるが、本発明は、これらの実施形態に限定されるものではない。
本発明の第一の実施形態にかかる電界効果トランジスタの実施例を、図を参照して詳細に説明する。図1は、該第一の実施形態にかかる電界効果トランジスタの構造を模式的に示す断面図である。
本発明の第二の実施形態にかかる電界効果トランジスタの実施例を、図を参照して詳細に説明する。図6は、該第二の実施形態にかかる電界効果トランジスタの構造を模式的に示す断面図である。
・ソース電極 : チャネル層上にAlGaNからなるソースコンタクト層を介して形成、または、チャネル層の表面側一部にn型不純物がドーピングされたソースコンタクト領域を介して形成
・n+型接続領域 : イオン注入法あるいは固層拡散法によるn型ドーパント添加、または、n+型GaNの選択成長
・ドレイン電極 : 基板裏面からのトレンチ溝を介してドレインコンタクト層に接触、または、導電性基板および低抵抗バッファを用いて基板裏面に接触
これらの部位については、2つの実施例の中で、それぞれいずれかの構成を選択したが、その組み合わせは開示した2つの実施例に限定されるものではなく、どの組み合わせを選択しても、本発明の目的である、低オン抵抗で低消費電力を実現可能な、窒化物半導体を用いたノーマリオフ(エンハンスメント)型電界効果トランジスタを構成することが可能である。
以上、実施形態を参照して本願発明を説明したが、本願発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではない。本願発明の構成や詳細には、本願発明のスコープ内で当業者が理解し得る様々な変更をすることができる。
Claims (6)
- 適当なバッファ層を介して基板上において、該基板側から、少なくともn型またはi型AlXGa1-XN(0≦X≦0.3)よりなるドリフト層と、i型AlYGa1-YN(Y>X)よりなるバリア層と、n型AlYGa1-YNよりなる電子供給層と、i型GaNまたはInGaNよりなるチャネル層とが順にエピタキシャル成長された窒化物系半導体多層構造と、
該チャネル層表面の一部に絶縁膜を介して形成されたゲート電極と、
該ゲート電極が形成されている領域の平面方向片側に隣接して、少なくとも該チャネル層の一部から該ドリフト層の一部に亘ってn型不純物が1×1018cm-3以上の濃度でドーピングされたn+型接続領域と、
該ゲート電極に対して該n+型接続領域の反対側の半導体層表面に形成されたソース電極と、
該基板裏面に形成されたドレイン電極とを有する電界効果トランジスタ。 - 該ソース電極が、該チャネル層の表面側一部にn型不純物を1×1018cm-3以上の濃度でドーピングして形成されるソースコンタクト領域上に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電界効果トランジスタ。
- 該ソース電極が、該チャネル層表面に形成されたn型またはi型AlZGa1-ZN(Z>Y)よりなるソースコンタクト層上に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電界効果トランジスタ。
- 該n+型接続領域全体が、n型不純物を1×1018cm-3以上の濃度にドーピングしたGaNで構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の電界効果トランジスタ。
- 該ドレイン電極が、基板裏面から該窒化物系半導体多層多層構造に到達するように形成されたトレンチ溝内で、該窒化物系半導体多層構造に接触するように形成されることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の電界効果トランジスタ。
- 適当なバッファ層を介して基板上において、該基板側から、少なくともn型またはi型AlXGa1-XN(0≦X≦0.3)よりなるドリフト層と、i型AlYGa1-YN(Y>X)よりなるバリア層と、n型AlYGa1-YNよりなる電子供給層と、i型GaNまたはInGaNよりなるチャネル層とが順にエピタキシャル成長することにより、窒化物系半導体多層構造を形成し、
該チャネル層表面の一部に絶縁膜を介してゲート電極を形成し、
該ゲート電極が形成されている領域の平面方向片側に隣接して、少なくとも該チャネル層の一部から該ドリフト層の一部に亘ってn型不純物が1×1018cm-3以上の濃度でドーピングされたn+型接続領域を形成し、
該ゲート電極に対して該n+型接続領域の反対側の半導体層表面にソース電極を形成し、
該基板裏面にドレイン電極を形成する電界効果トランジスタの製造方法。
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- 2009-01-21 WO PCT/JP2009/050837 patent/WO2009110254A1/ja active Application Filing
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- 2009-01-21 JP JP2010501815A patent/JP5383652B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2011082332A (ja) * | 2009-10-07 | 2011-04-21 | National Chiao Tung Univ | 高電子移動度トランジスタの構造、その構造を含んだデバイス及びその製造方法 |
JP2011097062A (ja) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-12 | Imec | 半導体素子およびその製造方法 |
JP2011129924A (ja) * | 2009-12-17 | 2011-06-30 | Infineon Technologies Austria Ag | 金属キャリアを有する半導体デバイスおよび製造方法 |
US9646855B2 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2017-05-09 | Infineon Technologies Austria Ag | Semiconductor device with metal carrier and manufacturing method |
CN103003929A (zh) * | 2010-07-14 | 2013-03-27 | 富士通株式会社 | 化合物半导体装置及其制造方法 |
EP2595181A1 (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2013-05-22 | Fujitsu Limited | Compound semiconductor device and process for production thereof |
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US8507949B2 (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2013-08-13 | Fujitsu Limited | Semiconductor device |
US8987075B2 (en) | 2010-08-23 | 2015-03-24 | Fujitsu Limited | Method for manufacturing a compound semiconductor device |
US20120043586A1 (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-02-23 | Fujitsu Limited | Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing the same |
JP2016526802A (ja) * | 2013-07-09 | 2016-09-05 | ヴィシャイ ジェネラル セミコンダクター エルエルシーVishay General Semiconductor LLC | 垂直構造を有する窒化ガリウムパワー半導体素子 |
CN111727507A (zh) * | 2018-02-21 | 2020-09-29 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 高电子迁移率晶体管及用于制造高电子迁移率晶体管的方法 |
CN111727507B (zh) * | 2018-02-21 | 2023-08-22 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 高电子迁移率晶体管及用于制造高电子迁移率晶体管的方法 |
JP7484785B2 (ja) | 2021-03-29 | 2024-05-16 | 富士通株式会社 | 窒化物半導体装置及び窒化物半導体装置の製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US8378387B2 (en) | 2013-02-19 |
US20110006345A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
JPWO2009110254A1 (ja) | 2011-07-14 |
JP5383652B2 (ja) | 2014-01-08 |
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