WO2009106980A2 - Dérivés d'indazole - Google Patents

Dérivés d'indazole Download PDF

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WO2009106980A2
WO2009106980A2 PCT/IB2009/000409 IB2009000409W WO2009106980A2 WO 2009106980 A2 WO2009106980 A2 WO 2009106980A2 IB 2009000409 W IB2009000409 W IB 2009000409W WO 2009106980 A2 WO2009106980 A2 WO 2009106980A2
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Prior art keywords
carboxamide
indazole
carbonyl
dimethylpropyl
methyl
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PCT/IB2009/000409
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WO2009106980A3 (fr
Inventor
Ingrid Price Buchler
Michael Joseph Hayes
Shridhar Gajanan Hegde
Susan Landis Hockerman
Darin Eugene Jones
Steven Wade Kortum
Joseph Gerace Rico
Ruth Elizabeth Tenbrink
Kun Ken Wu
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Pfizer Inc.
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Publication of WO2009106980A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009106980A2/fr
Publication of WO2009106980A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009106980A3/fr

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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D231/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
    • C07D231/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D231/56—Benzopyrazoles; Hydrogenated benzopyrazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/415—1,2-Diazoles
    • A61K31/416—1,2-Diazoles condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. indazole
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/415—1,2-Diazoles
    • A61K31/4162—1,2-Diazoles condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
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    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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    • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D413/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

  • the present invention provides pharmaceutically active indazole compounds and analogues. Such compounds have cannabinoid (CB)1 receptor binding activity.
  • CB cannabinoid
  • the present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions, methods of treatment and use, comprising the above derivatives for the treatment of disease conditions mediated by CB1 receptor binding activity.
  • Cannabinoid receptors endogenous cannabinoids and the enzymes that synthesize and degrade endocannabinoids make up the endocannabinoid system.
  • CB1 and CB2 are two subtypes of cannabinoid receptors.
  • CB1 and CB2 are both G protein coupled receptors.
  • CB1 receptors primarily exist in the central nervous system, but are also found in some peripheral tissues including pituitary gland, immune cells, reproductive tissues, gastrointestinal tissues, sympathetic ganglia, heart, lung, urinary bladder and adrenal gland.
  • CB2 receptors primarily exist in immune cells.
  • Cannabinoid agonists are believed to be useful in the treatment of pain and several other indications.
  • the present invention is directed to pharmaceutically active indazole compounds. Such compounds are useful for as CB1 agonists.
  • This invention is directed, in part, to compounds that generally fall within the structure of Formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein X is CH or N;
  • R 1 is H, CrC 6 alkyl-, C r C 6 cyanoalkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkyl-C(O)-(CH 2 ) n -, C r C 6 alkoxy- C(O)-(CH 2 )n-, CrC 6 haloalkyl, d-C 6 haloalkoxy-(CH 2 ) n -, R 6 i- 5 -heterocyclyl-(CH 2 )n-, R 6 t 5 -heterocyclyl-C(O)-(CH 2 )n-, R 7 I -5 -C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-(CH 2 ) n -, R ⁇ -5 -C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-NR 8 - C(O)-, R 7 L5 -C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-NR 8 -C(O)-, R 7 I -5 -5 -C 3
  • R 9 and R 10 are independently H or CrC 6 alkyl; R 2 is
  • R 26 I 5 -C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl
  • R 37 i. 5 -heterocyclyl-(CH 2 )n-NR 36 -C(O)-R 13 CH-,
  • R 11 and R 12 are independently H, OH, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, d-C 6 haloalkyl, OH-CrC 6 alkyl, (OH) 2 -Ci-C 6 alkyl, (OH) 3 -C 4 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy-(CH 2 ) n -, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, benzo-fused C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, cyano-C r C 6 alkyl, NH 2 -C(NH)-CrC 6 alkyl, (OH-CrC 6 alkyl) 2 -CrC 6 alkylene, OH-C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-(CH 2 )n-, OH-(CH 2 ) n -C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-, OH-C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-, CrC 6 alkoxy-C
  • R 14 is (CrC 6 alkyl) 2 N-, aryl, CrC 6 alkyl, or C 3 -C 7 cycoalkyl;
  • R 15 , R 21 , R 29 , R 31 , R 34 , and R 40 are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
  • R 16 is OH or C 1 -C 6 alkoxy;
  • R 17 and R 18 are independently H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycoalkyl, OH-C 1 -C 6 alkyl, (OH) 2 -C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or R 24 1-5 -heteroaryl-; each R 19 is independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl; R 20 is C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, or (C 1 -C 6 alkyl) 2 N-; -A-
  • R 22 and R 23 are independently Ci-C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-(CH 2 ) n -, OH-CrC 6 alkyl, aryl, or aryl-OH-C r C 6 alkylene; each R 24 is independently H, CrC 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, CrC 6 haloalkyl, oxo, OH 1 NH 2 , C 1 -C 6 alkoxy-C(O)-, NH 2 -C(O)-(CH 2 )O-, NH 2 -C(O)-, NH 2 -C(O)-NH-, OH-C(O)-, NH 2 -C(O)-(CH 2 ) n -NH-C(O)-, (OH) 2 -CrC 6 alkyl-NH-C(O)-, OH-CrC 6 alkyl-NH-C(O)-,
  • R 27 and R 28 independently are H, NH 2 -C(O)-, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-C(O)-, or R 24 i -5 -heteroaryl-;
  • R 30 is C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, NH 2 , C 1 -C 6 alkyl-NH-, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-(CH 2 )n-NH-, morpholin-4-yl, or R 38 i. 5 -phenyl;
  • R 43 is OH-C(O)-, CrC 6 alkoxy-C(O)-, NH 2 -C(O)- or R 44 R 45 NCH 2 -;
  • R 44 and R 45 are independently C r C 6 alkyl or OH-CrC 6 alkyl, or R 44 and R 45 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a pyrrolidine, piperidine or morpholine ring; n is an integer from 1 to 6; and each R 3 is independently H, halo, CrC 6 alkyl, aryl, NH 2 -C(O)-, d-C 6 alkoxy or heteroaryl.
  • This invention also includes pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates and hydrates. This invention also includes all tautomers and stereochemical isomers of these compounds.
  • This invention also is directed, in part, to a method for treating a CB1 mediated disorder in a mammal.
  • CB1 mediated disorders include pain, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
  • the method comprises administering an above- described compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to the mammal in an amount that is therapeutically-effective to treat the condition.
  • the present invention is directed to a class of indazole compounds.
  • the present invention is directed to indazole compounds useful as CB1 agonists. While the present invention is not so limited, an appreciation of various aspects of the invention will be gained through the following discussion and the examples provided below.
  • alkane refers to a saturated acyclic hydrocarbon which can be either a straight chain or branched chain.
  • alkyl refers to a straight or branched chain univalent radical derived from an alkane by removal of one hydrogen.
  • alkyl radicals are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, isohexyl, and the like.
  • alkylene refers to a straight chain or branched bivalent radical derived from alkane by the removal of H from each of the two terminal carbons.
  • Examples include methylene: * CH2 t , ethylene: 1 c c I 1 propylene: 1 and the
  • alkoxy means alkyl-O-, wherein alkyl is as defined above. Examples of such a substituent include methoxy (CH 3 -O-), ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, iso-butoxy, sec-butoxy, and tert-butoxy.
  • cycloalkyl means a saturated carbocyclyl substituent containing from 3 to about 20 carbon atoms.
  • a cycloalkyl may be a single cyclic ring or multiple condensed rings.
  • Such cycloalkyl groups include, by way of example, single ring structures such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclooctyl, and the like, or multiple ring structures such as adamantanyl, and the like.
  • aryl means an aromatic carbocyclyl containing from 6 to 14 carbon ring atoms.
  • aryl embraces both single and multiple rings. Examples of aryls include phenyl, naphthalenyl, and indenyl.
  • arylalkyl means alkyl substituted with aryl, wherein alkyl and aryl are as defined above.
  • hydroxy or “hydroxyl” means OH-.
  • hydroxyalkyl means alkyl substituted with one more hydroxyl, wherein hydroxyl and alkyl are as defined above.
  • halo or halogen refers to bromo, chloro, fluoro or iodo.
  • oxy means an ether substituent, and may be depicted as -O-.
  • sulfonyl means SO 2 -.
  • alkylthio is an alkyl substituted thio, which is also depicted as:
  • heterocyclyl means a saturated or partially saturated ring structure containing a total of 3 to 14 ring atoms. At least one of the ring atoms is a heteroatom (i.e., oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur), with the remaining ring atoms being independently selected from the group consisting of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur.
  • a heterocyclyl may be a single ring, which typically contains from 3 to 7 ring atoms, more typically from 3 to 6 ring atoms, and even more typically 5 to 6 ring atoms.
  • heterocyclyls include piperidinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl and diazepanyl.
  • heteroaryl means an aromatic heterocyclyl containing from 5 to 14 ring atoms.
  • a heteroaryl may be a single ring or 2 or 3 fused rings.
  • heteroaryl substituents include isoxazolyl, pyridinyl, furyl, oxadiazolyl, tetrazolyl, dihydroimidazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxazolyl, triazolyl and dihydroisoxazolyl.
  • pharmaceutically-acceptable is used adjectivally in this specification to mean that the modified noun is appropriate for use as a pharmaceutical product or as a part of a pharmaceutical product.
  • R 1 is H, CrC 6 alkyl-, CrC 6 cyanoalkyl, C r C 6 alkyl-C(O)-(CH 2 ) n -, C r C 6 alkoxy- C(O)-(CH 2 )n-, CrC 6 haloalkyl, CrC 6 haloalkoxy-(CH 2 ) n -, R 6 i.
  • R 9 and R 10 are independently H or CrC 6 alkyl; R 2 is
  • R 26 I S-C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl
  • R 37 i.5-heterocyclyl-(CH 2 )n-NR 36 -C(O)-R 13 CH-,
  • R 38 i. 5 -aryl-(CH 2 )n-NR 40 -C(O)-R 13 CH-,
  • R 11 and R 12 are independently H, OH, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, Ci-C 6 haloalkyl, OH-CrC 6 alkyl, (OH) 2 -CrC 6 alkyl, (OH) 3 -C 4 -C 6 alkyl, C r C 6 alkoxy-(CH 2 ) n -, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, benzo-fused C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, cyano-CrC 6 alkyl, NH 2 -C(NH)-CrC 6 alkyl, (OH-CrC 6 alkyl) 2 -CrC 6 alkylene, OH-C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-(CH 2 )n-, OH-(CH 2 ) n -C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-, OH-C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-, C r C 6 alkoxy-C(
  • R 13 is H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, OH-CrC 6 alkyl, aryl, aryl-(CH 2 ) n -, or C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl;
  • R 14 is (CrC 6 alkyl) 2 N-, aryl, C r C 6 alkyl, or C 3 -C 7 cycoalkyl;
  • R 16 is OH or C r C 6 alkoxy
  • R 17 and R 18 are independently H, C r C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycoalkyl, OH-CrC 6 alkyl, (OH) 2 -CrC 6 alkyl, or R 2 V 5 -heteroaryl-; each R 19 is independently H or CrC 6 alkyl;
  • R 20 is CrC 6 alkyl, CrC 6 haloalkyl, or (CrC 6 alkyl) 2 N-;
  • R 22 and R 23 are independently C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-(CH 2 )n-, OH-CrC 6 alkyl, aryl, or aryl-OH-C r C 6 alkylene; each R 24 is independently H, CrC 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, CrC 6 haloalkyl, oxo, OH, NH 2 , C 1 -C 6 alkoxy-C(O)-, NH 2 -C(O)-(CH 2 ) n -, NH 2 -C(O)-, NH 2 -C(O)-NH-, OH-C(O)-, NH 2 -C(O)-(CH 2 )n-NH-C(O)-, (OH) 2 -C 1 -C 6 alkyl-NH-C(O)-, OH-C 1 -C 6 alkyl-N H-C
  • R 27 and R 28 independently are H, NH 2 -C(O)-, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-C(O)-, or R 24 1 . 5 -heteroaryl-;
  • R 30 is C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, NH 2 , C 1 -C 6 alkyl-NH-, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-(CH 2 )n-NH-, morpholin-4-yl, or R 38 1-5 -phenyl;
  • R 42 is H, CrC 6 alkyl, OH-C 1 -C 6 alkyl, aryl, aryl-(CH 2 ) n - or NH 2 -C(O)-CH 2 ;
  • R 43 is OH-C(O)-, CrC 6 alkoxy-C(O)-, NH 2 -C(O)- or R 44 R 45 NCH 2 -;
  • R 44 and R 45 are independently CrC 6 alkyl or OH-C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or
  • R 44 and R 45 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a pyrrolidine, piperidine or morpholine ring; n is an integer from 1 to 6; and each R 3 is independently H, halo, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, aryl, NH 2 -C(O)-, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy or heteroaryl.
  • the present invention includes compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, having a structure according to Formula I:
  • X is CH or N
  • R 1 is H, C 1 -C 6 cyanoalkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkyl-C(O)-(CH 2 ) n -, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy-C(O)-(CH 2 ) n -, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, R 6 1 . 5 -heterocyclyl-(CH 2 ) n -, R 6 1 .
  • R 9 and R 10 are independently H or d-C 6 alkyl
  • R 2 is NR 11 R 12 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, R 14 -C(O)-NR 15 -(CH 2 ) n -R 13 CH-, R 16 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, Ci-C 6 alkoxy-C(O)-(CH 2 )n-NR 15 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, NR 17 R 18 -C(O)-(CH 2 )n-NR 19 -C(O)-R 13 CH- , R 20 -SO 2 -NR 21 -(CH 2 )n-R 13 CH-, R 22 R 23 CH-, R 2 V 5 -heteroaryl,
  • R 11 and R 12 are independently H, C r C 6 alkyl, OH-CrC 6 alkyl, (OH) 2 -C 1 - C 6 alkyl, C r C 6 alkoxy-(CH 2 ) n -, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, cyano-d-C 6 alkyl, (OH-CrC 6 alkyl) 2 -Ci-C 6 alkylene, OH-C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-(CH 2 ) n -, OH-(CH 2 ) n -C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl- , or OH-aryl;
  • R 13 is H, CrC 6 alkyl, OH-CrC 6 alkyl, aryl, aryl-(CH 2 ) n -, or C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl;
  • R 14 is (CrC 6 alkyl) 2 N-, aryl, CrC 6 alkyl, or C 3 -C 7 cycoalkyl;
  • R 15 , R 21 , R 29 , R 31 , R 33 , R 34 , R 36 , R 39 and R 40 are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
  • R 16 is OH or C 1 -C 6 alkoxy
  • R 17 , R 18 and R 19 are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
  • R 20 is C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, or (C 1 -C 6 alkyl) 2 N-;
  • R 22 and R 23 are independently C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-(CH 2 ) n -, OH- C 1 -C 6 alkyl, aryl, or aryl-OH-CrC 6 alkylene;
  • each R 24 is independently H, CrC 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, oxo, NH 2 , C 1 -C 6 alkoxy-C(O)-, NH 2 -C(O)-(CH 2 ) n -, NH 2 -C(O)-, NH 2 - C(O)-NH-,
  • R 27 and R 28 independently are H, NH 2 -C(O)-, or C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-C(O)-;
  • R 30 is CrC 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl or NH 2 ;
  • R 32 is OH
  • R 35 is independently H, d-C 6 alkyl, NH 2- C(O)-, CrC 6 alkoxy-C(O)- or C 3 - C 7 cycloalkyl; each R 37 is independently H, NH 2 C(O)- or OH; each R 38 is independently H, NH 2 SO 2 -, cyano, heteroaryl, OH, halo, d- C 6 alkoxy, OH-C(O)-, or CrC 6 alkoxy-C(O)-; each R 41 independently from H, CrC 6 alkoxy or halo; n is an integer from 1 to 6; and each R 3 is independently H, halo, C r C 6 alkyl, aryl, NH 2 -C(O)-, CrC 6 alkoxy or heteroaryl.
  • X is CH or N
  • R 1 is H 1 cyano-(CH 2 ) 3 -, cyano-(CH 2 ) 2 -, (CHs) 3 C-C(O)- CH 2 -, (CH 3 J 3 C-O-C(O)- CH 2 -, CF 3 (CH 2 ) 4 -, R 6 i -5 -tetrehydropyranyl-CH 2 -, R 6 i.
  • R 9 and R 10 are independently H or (CH 3 ) 3 C-;
  • R 2 is NR 11 R 12 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, R 14 -C(O)-NR 15 - CH 2 -R 13 CH-, R 16 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, (CH 3 ) 3 C-O-C(O)-CH 2 -NR 15 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, NR 17 R 18 -C(O)-CH 2 -NR 19 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, NR 17 R 18 -C(O)- (CH 2 ) 2 -NR 19 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, R 20 -SO 2 -NR 21 -CH 2 -R 13 CH-, R 22 R 23 CH-, R 24 1-5 -dihydroimidazolyl, R 24 i -5 -isoxazolyl, R 24 i.
  • R 11 and R 12 independently are H, CH 3 , (CH 3 ) 2 CH-, cyclobutyl, cyclopropyl, CH 3 O(CH 2 ) 2 -, OH-ethyl, OH-propyl, (OH) 2 -propyl, cyano-CH 2 -, (OH-CH 2 ) 2 -CH-, OH-CyClOPrOPyI-CH 2 -, OH-cyclopentyl-CH ⁇ , OH-methyl- cyclopropyl or OH-phenyl;
  • R 13 is H, (CHa) 3 C-, (CH 3 ) 2 CHCH 2 -, (CH 3 ) 2 CH-, OH-ethyl, benzyl, phenyl, or cyclohexyl;
  • R 14 is (CH 3 CH 2 ) 2 N-, phenyl, (CH 3 ) 3 C-, or cyclopropyl;
  • R 15 , R 21 , R 29 , R 31 , R 33 , R 34 , R 36 , R 39 and R 40 are independently H or CH 3 ;
  • R 16 is OH or CH 3 O;
  • R 17 , R 18 and R 19 are independently H or CH 3 ;
  • R 20 is (CHs) 2 CH-, CH 3 , CF 3 , or (CH 3 ) 2 N-;
  • R 22 and R 23 are independently (CH 3 ) 3 C-, (CH 3 ) 2 CH-, cyclohexyl- CH 2 -, OHCH 2 , phenyl, OH-isopropyl, OH-ethyl, or phenyl-OHCH-; each R 24 is independently H, CH 3 , CH 3 CH 2 -, (CH 3 ) 3 C-, cyclopropyl, CF 3 , oxo, NH 2 , CH 3 CH 2 -O-C(O)-, NH 2 -C(O)-CH 2 -, NH 2 -C(O)-, NH 2 -C(O)-NH-, OH- C(O)-, NH 2 -C(O)-CH 2 -NH-C(O)-, (OH) 2 -propyl-NH-C(O)- or OH-ethyl-NH-C(O)-; each R 25 is independently H or oxo
  • R 27 and R 28 are independently H, NH 2 -C(O)-, or cyclopropyl-C(O)-;
  • R 30 is CH 3 , cyclopropyl or NH 2 ;
  • X is CH or N; R 1 is H
  • each R 3 is independently H, CH 3 , chloro, bromo, fluoro, phenyl, NH 2 -C(O)-, CH 3 O-, 3-pyridinyl, 4-pyridinyl, or 2-oxazolyl.
  • R 1 is H 1 CrC 6 cyanoalkyl, d-C 6 alkyl-C(O)-(CH 2 ) n -, CrC 6 alkoxy-C(O)-(CH 2 )n-, CrC 6 haloalkyl, R 6 L 5 -heterocyclyl-(CH 2 ) n -, R 6 i.
  • R 9 and R 10 are independently H or Ci-C 6 alkyl
  • R 2 is NR 11 R 12 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, R 14 -C(O)-NR 15 -(CH 2 ) n -R 13 CH-, R 16 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, Ci-C 6 alkoxy-C(O)-(CH 2 )n-NR 15 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, NR 17 R 18 -C(O)-(CH 2 ) n -NR 19 -C(O)- R 13 CH-, R 20 -SO 2 -NR 21 -(CH 2 )n-R 13 CH-, R 22 R 23 CH-, R 24 L5 -heteroaryl, R 24 1-5 -heteroaryl- R 13 CH-, R 24 1-5 -heteroaryl-NR 15 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, R 25 i -5 -heterocyclyl, R 25 i -5 -heterocyclyl- (CH 2 )n-,
  • R 11 and R 12 are independently H, C r C 6 alkyl, OH-CrC 6 alkyl, C r C 6 alkoxy-(CH 2 ) n -, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, cyano-C r C 6 alkyl, (OH-C 1 -C 6 alkyl) 2 -C r C 6 alkylene, OH-C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-(CH 2 ) n -, OH-(CH 2 ) n -C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl or OH-aryl;
  • R 13 is H, CrC 6 alkyl, OH-CrC 6 alkyl, aryl, aryl-(CH 2 ) n -, or C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl;
  • R 14 is (CrC 6 alkyl) 2 N-, aryl, CrC 6 alkyl, or C 3 -C 7 cycoalkyl;
  • R 15 , R 17 , R 18 , R 19 , R 21 , R 29 , R 31 , R 33 , R 34 , R 36 , R 39 and R 40 are independently H or CrC 6 alkyl;
  • R 16 is OH or CrC 6 alkoxy;
  • R 20 is CrC 6 alkyl, d-C 6 haloalkyl, or (CrC 6 alkyl) 2 N-;
  • R 22 and R 23 are independently H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-(CH 2 ) n - > OH-Ci-C 6 alkyl, aryl, or aryl-OH-Ci-C 6 alkylene;
  • each R 24 is independently H, CrC 6 alkyl, C 3 -C7 cyclo
  • R 27 and R 28 are independently are H, NH 2 -C(O)-, or C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl- C(O)-;
  • R 30 is CrC 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl or NH 2 ;
  • R 32 is OH;
  • X is CH or N
  • R 1 is H, cyano-(CH 2 ) 3 -, cyano-(CH 2 ) 2 -, (CH 3 ) 3 C-C(O)- CH 2 -, (CH 3 ) 3 C--O-C(O)- CH 2 -, CF 3 (CH 2 ).,-, R 6 1 .5-tetrehydropyranyl- CH 2 -, R 6 1 . 5 -tetrahydrofuranyl- CH 2 -, RVs- tetrahydrothiopyranyl- CH 2 -, R 6 i -5 -piperidinyl-C(O)-CH 2 -, R 6 1 . 5 -thiomorpholinyl-C(O)- CH 2 -,
  • RV 5 -C 3 -C 7 cyclohexyl-NR 8 -C(O)-CH 2 -
  • R 7 Y 5 -C 3 -C 7 cyclohexyl-C(O)-CH 2 -
  • each R 6 is independently H or oxo
  • each R 7 is independently H, F or CH 3
  • each R 8 is independently H, CH 3 , cyano, F, CF 3 or CF 3 -O-
  • R 9 and R 10 are independently H or (CH 3 ) 3 C-;
  • R 2 is NR 11 R 12 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, R 14 -C(O)-NR 15 - CH 2 -R 13 CH-, R 16 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, (CH 3 ) 3 C-O-C(O)-CH 2 -NR 15 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, NR 17 R 18 -C(O)-CH 2 -NR 19 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, NR 17 R 18 -C(O)-(CH 2 ) 2 -NR 19 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, R 20 -SO 2 -NR 21 -CH 2 -R 13 CH-, R 22 R 23 CH-, R 2 V 5 -dihydroimidazolyl, R 24 i. 5 -isoxazolyl,
  • R 30 SO 2 -(CH 2 ) 2 -NR 31 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, R 32 -C(O)-R 33 CH-NR 34 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, R 32 -C(O)- (CH 2 )2-NR 34 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, R 35 i -5 -oxadiazole-(CH 2 ) 2 -NR 36 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, R 35 I -5 - oxadiazole-CH 2 -NR 36 -C(O)- R 13 CH-, R 35 1-5 -pyridinyl-CH 2 -NR 36 -C(O)- R 13 CH-, R 3 V 5 - tetrazolyl-CH 2 -NR 36 -C(O)- R 13 CH-, R 37 1-5 -tetrahydropyranyl-CH 2 -NR 36 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, R 37 i -5
  • R 11 and R 12 are independently H, CH 3 , (CH 3 ) 2 CH-, cyclobutyl, cyclopropyl, CH 3 O(CH 2 ) 2 -, OH-ethylene, OH-propyl, (OH) 2 -propyl, cyano-CH 2 -, (OH-CrC 6 alkyl) 2 -CH-, OH-cyclopropyl-CHr, OH-cyclopently-CH ⁇ , OH-methyl- cyclopropyl-, or OH-phenyl;
  • R 13 is H, (CHa) 3 C-, (CH 3 ) 2 CHCH 2 -, (CH 3 ) 2 CH-, OH-ethyl, benzyl, phenyl, or cyclohexyl;
  • R 14 is (CH 3 CH 2 J 2 N-, phenyl, (CH 3 ) 3 C-, or cyclopropyl;
  • R 15 , R 17 , R 18 , R 19 , R 21 , R 29 , R 31 , R 33 , R 34 , R 36 , R 39 and R 40 are independently H or CH 3 ;
  • R 16 is OH or CH 3 O;
  • R 20 is (CHa) 2 CH-, CH 3 , CF 3 , or (CH 3 ) 2 N-;
  • R 30 is CH 3 , cyclopropyl or NH 2 ;
  • X is CH or N; R 1 is H,
  • each R 3 is independently H, CH 3 , chloro, bromo, fluoro, phenyl, NH 2 -C(O)-, CH 3 O, 3-pyridinyl, 4-pyridinyl, or 2-oxazolyl.
  • X is N
  • R 1 is CrC 6 cyanoalkyl, R 6 i.5-heterocyclyl-(CH 2 )n- or R 7 I -5 -C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl- (CH 2 )n-; wherein each R 6 is independently H or oxo; each R 7 is independently H, halo or CrC 6 alkyl;
  • R 2 is NR 11 R 12 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, R 16 O(O)-R 13 CH-, R 22 R 23 CH- Or R 26 I-5 -C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl;
  • R 11 and R 12 are independently H, C r C 6 alkyl, C r C 6 alkoxy-(CH 2 ) n -, C 3 - C 7 cycloalkyl, cyano-Ci-C 6 alkyl, (OH-CrC 6 alkyl) 2 -CrC 6 alkylene, OH-C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl-(CH 2 ) n -, OH-(CH 2 ) n -C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl- or OH-aryl;
  • R 13 is H, CrC 6 alkyl, OH-CrC 6 alkyl, aryl, aryl-(CH 2 ) n - or cycloalkyl;
  • R 16 is OH or CrC 6 alkoxy
  • R 22 and R 23 are independently H, CrC 6 alkyl, cycloalkyl-(CH 2 ) n -, OH-d- C 6 alkyl, aryl, or aryl-OH-CrC 6 alkylene; each R 26 is independently H, OH, OH-CrC 6 alkyl, aryl-(CH 2 )n-O-, NH 2 - C(O)- or CrC 6 alkoxy-C(O)-; n is an integer from 1 to 6; and each R 3 is independently H, halo, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, aryl, NH 2 -C(O)-, CrC 6 alkoxy or heteroaryl.
  • X in N
  • R 1 is cyano-(CH 2 ) 3 -, R 6 i-5-tetrehydropyranyl- CH 2 - or R 7 i -5 -cyclohexyl- CH 2 -; wherein each R 6 is independently H; each R 7 is independently H;
  • R 2 is NR 11 R 12 -C(O)-R 13 CH-, R 16 O(O)-R 13 CH-, R 22 R 23 CH-, R 26 1-5 -cyclohexyl, R 26 i -5 -tetrahydronapthyl or R 2 V 5 -dihydroindenyl;
  • R 11 and R 12 are independently H;
  • R 13 is H, (CHa) 3 C, (CH 3 ) 2 CHCH 2) (CH 3 ) 2 CH, OH-ethyl, benzyl or cyclohexyl;
  • R 16 is OH or CH 3 O
  • R 22 and R 23 are independently H, (CH 3 ) 3 C, OHCH 2 or OH-isopropyl; each R 26 is independently H or OH; and each R 3 is independently H.
  • each R 3 is independently H.
  • the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, or racemate thereof.
  • the present invention is a method for the treatment of a CB1 mediated disorder in a subject in need of such treatment or prevention, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject an amount of a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, or racemate thereof, wherein the amount of the compound is effective for the treatment or prevention of the CB1 mediated disorder.
  • the CB1 mediated disorder is pain.
  • the compounds of this invention may be used in the form of salts derived from inorganic or organic acids.
  • a salt of the compound may be advantageous due to one or more of the salt's physical properties, such as enhanced pharmaceutical stability in differing temperatures and humidities, or a desirable solubility in water or oil.
  • a salt of a compound also may be used as an aid in the isolation, purification, and/or resolution of the compound.
  • salts are intended to be administered to a patient (as opposed to, for example, being used in an in vitro context)
  • the salt preferably is pharmaceutically acceptable.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable salts include salts commonly used to form alkali metal salts and to form addition salts of free acids or free bases. In general, these salts typically may be prepared by conventional means with a compound of this invention by reacting, for example, the appropriate acid or base with the compound.
  • Pharmaceutically-acceptable acid addition salts of the compounds of this invention may be prepared from an inorganic or organic acid.
  • suitable inorganic acids include hydrochloric, hydrobromic acid, hydroionic, nitric, carbonic, sulfuric, and phosphoric acid.
  • Suitable organic acids generally include, for example, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, araliphatic, heterocyclyl, carboxyic, and sulfonic classes of organic acids.
  • suitable organic acids include acetate, trifluoroacetate, formate, propionate, succinate, glycolate, gluconate, digluconate, lactate, malate, tartaric acid, citrate, ascorbate, glucuronate, maleate, fumarate, pyruvate, aspartate, glutamate, benzoate, anthranilic acid, mesylate, stearate, salicylate, p-hydroxybenzoate, phenylacetate, mandelate, embonate (pamoate), methanesulfonate, ethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, pantothenate, toluenesulfonate, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate, sufanilate, cyclohexylaminosulfonate, algenic acid, b-hydroxybutyric acid, galactarate, galacturonate, adipate, alginate, bisulfate, buty
  • Pharmaceutically-acceptable base addition salts of the compounds of this invention include, for example, metallic salts and organic salts.
  • Preferred metallic salts include alkali metal (group Ia) salts, alkaline earth metal (group Ma) salts, and other physiological acceptable metal salts. Such salts may be made from aluminum, calcium, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and zinc.
  • Preferred organic salts may be made from tertiary amines and quaternary amine salts, such as tromethamine, diethylamine, N,N'-dibenzylethylenediamine, chloroprocaine, choline, diethanolamine, ethylenediamine, meglumine (N-methylglucamine), and procaine.
  • Basic nitrogen-containing groups may be quaternized with agents such as lower alkyl (CrC ⁇ ) halides (e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl chlorides, bromides, and iodides), dialkyl sulfates (e.g., dimethyl, diethyl, dibuytl, and diamyl sulfates), long chain halides (e.g., decyl, lauryl, myristyl, and stearyl chlorides, bromides, and iodides), arylalkyl halides (e.g., benzyl and phenethyl bromides), and others.
  • lower alkyl (CrC ⁇ ) halides e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl chlorides, bromides, and iodides
  • dialkyl sulfates e.g., dimethyl, diethy
  • 'prodrugs' of the compounds of formula (I) are so-called 'prodrugs' of the compounds of formula (I).
  • certain derivatives of compounds of formula (I) which may have little or no pharmacological activity themselves can, when administered into or onto the body, be converted into compounds of formula (I) having the desired activity, for example, by hydrolytic cleavage.
  • Such derivatives are referred to as 'prodrugs'.
  • Further information on the use of prodrugs may be found in 'Pro-drugs as Novel Delivery Systems, Vol. 14, ACS Symposium Series (T Higuchi and W Stella) and 'Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design', Pergamon Press, 1987 (ed. E B Roche, American Pharmaceutical Association).
  • Prodrugs in accordance with the invention can, for example, be produced by replacing appropriate functionalities present in the compounds of formula (I) with certain moieties known to those skilled in the art as 'pro-moieties' as described, for example, in “Design of Prodrugs” by H Bundgaard (Elsevier, 1985).
  • Some examples of prodrugs in accordance with the invention include:
  • Compounds of formula (I) containing one or more asymmetric carbon atoms can exist as two or more stereoisomers. Where the compound contains, for example, a keto or oxime group or an aromatic moiety, tautomeric isomerism ('tautomerism') can occur. It follows that a single compound may exhibit more than one type of isomerism.
  • racemate (or a racemic precursor) may be reacted with a suitable optically active compound, for example, an alcohol, or, in the case where the compound of formula (I) contains an acidic or basic moiety, an acid or base such as tartaric acid or 1-phenylethylamine.
  • a suitable optically active compound for example, an alcohol, or, in the case where the compound of formula (I) contains an acidic or basic moiety, an acid or base such as tartaric acid or 1-phenylethylamine.
  • the resulting diastereomeric mixture may be separated by chromatography and/or fractional crystallization and one or both of the diastereoisomers converted to the corresponding pure enantiomer(s) by means well known to a skilled person.
  • Chiral compounds of the invention may be obtained in enantiomerically-enriched form using chromatography, typically HPLC, on an asymmetric resin with a mobile phase consisting of a hydrocarbon, typically heptane or hexane, containing from 0 to 50% isopropanol, typically from 2 to 20%, and from 0 to 5% of an alkylamine, typically 0.1 % diethylamine. Concentration of the eluate affords the enriched mixture.
  • chromatography typically HPLC
  • a mobile phase consisting of a hydrocarbon, typically heptane or hexane, containing from 0 to 50% isopropanol, typically from 2 to 20%, and from 0 to 5% of an alkylamine, typically 0.1 % diethylamine.
  • Stereoisomeric conglomerates may be separated by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art - see, for example, "Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds" by E L EHeI (Wiley, New York, 1994).
  • the present invention includes all pharmaceutically acceptable isotopically- labelled compounds of formula (I) wherein one or more atoms are replaced by atoms having the same atomic number, but an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number usually found in nature.
  • isotopes suitable for inclusion in the compounds of the invention include isotopes of hydrogen, such as 2 H and 3 H, carbon, such as 11 C, 13 C and 14 C, chlorine, such as 36 CI, fluorine, such as 18 F, iodine, such as 123 I and 125 I, nitrogen, such as 13 N and 15 N, oxygen, such as 15 O, 17 O and 18 O, phosphorus, such as 32 P, and sulphur, such as 35 S.
  • Certain isotopically-labelled compounds of formula (I) for example, those incorporating a radioactive isotope, are useful in drug and/or substrate tissue distribution studies.
  • the radioactive isotopes tritium, i.e. 3 H, and carbon-14, i.e. 14 C, are particularly useful for this purpose in view of their ease of incorporation and ready means of detection.
  • substitution with heavier isotopes such as deuterium, i.e. 2 H, may afford certain therapeutic advantages resulting from greater metabolic stability, for example, increased in vivo half-life or reduced dosage requirements, and hence may be preferred in some circumstances.
  • Isotopically-labeled compounds of formula (I) can generally be prepared by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art or by processes analogous to those described in the accompanying Examples and Preparations using an appropriate isotopically-labeled reagents in place of the non-labeled reagent previously employed.
  • Treating Conditions Using the Compounds of this Invention The method of the present invention is useful for, but not limited to, the treatment of disorders that are mediated by CB1 in a subject.
  • the compounds described herein would be useful for the treatment of any symptoms associated with a CB1 meditated disorder described below.
  • Treating includes palliative treatment, preventive treatment and restorative treatment.
  • Palliative treatment includes alleviation, elimination of causation of pain and/or inflammation associated with a CB1 mediated disorder.
  • Preventaive treatment means to prevent or to slow the appearance of symptoms associated with a CB 1 mediated disorder.
  • the subject is any subject, and preferably is a subject that is in need of prevention of a CB1 mediated disorder.
  • subject for purposes of treatment includes any human or animal subject who is in need of the prevention of, or who has a TNF ⁇ -mediated inflammatory disease or disorder.
  • the subject is typically a mammal.
  • the methods and compositions of the present invention encompass the treatment of conditions including pain and neurodegenerative disorders.
  • conditions including pain and neurodegenerative disorders.
  • the methods and compositions of the present invention encompass the treatment of pain, including but not limited to chronic pain, acute pain, joint pain, nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain, allodynia, hyperalgesia, burn pain, menstrual cramps, kidney stones, headache, migraine headache, sinus headaches, tension headaches, dental pain, myasthenia gravis, rheumatoid arthritic pain, osteoarthritic pain, back pain, cancer pain, multiple sclerosis, sarcoidosis, Behcet's syndrome, myositis, polymyositis, gingivitis, hypersensitivity, swelling occurring after injury, closed head injury, endometriosis, stroke, and the like.
  • pain including but not limited to chronic pain, acute pain, joint pain, nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain, allodynia, hyperalgesia, burn pain, menstrual cramps, kidney stones, headache, migraine headache, sinus headaches, tension headaches, dental pain, myasthenia gravis,
  • the methods and compositions of the present invention encompass the treatment of the connective tissue and joint disorders selected from the group consisting of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, fibromyalgia, spondyloarthopathies, gouty arthritis, lumbar spondylarthrosis, carpal tunnel syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, sclerodoma , canine hip dysplasia, systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile arthritis, osteoarthritis, tendonitis and bursitis.
  • connective tissue and joint disorders selected from the group consisting of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, fibromyalgia, spondyloarthopathies, gouty arthritis, lumbar spondylarthrosis, carpal tunnel syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, sclerodoma , canine hip dysplasia,
  • the methods and compositions of the present invention encompass the treatment of neurological dosirders including neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative disorders selected from the group consisting of neuritis, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease, Tourette's syndrome, spasticity and epilepsy.
  • neurological dosirders including neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative disorders selected from the group consisting of neuritis, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease, Tourette's syndrome, spasticity and epilepsy.
  • the methods and compositions of the present invention encompass the treatment of neuropathies including HIV related neuropathy, nerve injury, spinal cord injury, sciatica, neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy, nerve pain, and some peripheral neuropathies and neurodegenerative disorders.
  • the methods and compositions of the present invention encompass the treatment of the respiratory disorders selected from the group consisting of cough, asthma, bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), broncho constriction, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, pulmonary sarcoisosis, silicosis, pulmonary fibrosis, respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome, seasonal allergic rhinitis, reversible airway obstruction, adult respiratory disease syndrome, cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and emphysema.
  • COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • the methods and compositions of the present invention encompass the treatment of the dermatological disorders selected from the group consisting of acne, psoriasis, eczema, burns, poison ivy, poison oak and dermatitis.
  • the methods and compositions of the present invention encompass the treatment of the surgical disorders selected from the group consisting of pain and swelling following surgery, infection following surgery and inflammation following surgery.
  • the methods and compositions of the present invention encompass the treatment of the gastrointestinal disorders selected from the group consisting of colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, gastritis, irritable bowel syndrome, diarrhea, constipation, dysentery, ulcerative colitis, gastric esophageal reflux, gastric ulcers, gastric varices, ulcers, functional gastrointestinal disorder, and heartburn.
  • the methods and compositions of the present invention encompass the treatment of the ophthalmic disorders selected from the group consisting of retinopathies, uveitis, ocular photophobia, acute injury to the eye tissue, conjunctivitis, age-related macular degeneration diabetic retinopathy, detached retina, glaucoma, vitelliform macular dystrophy type 2, gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina, conjunctivitis, corneal infection, fuchs' dystrophy, iridocorneal endothelial syndrome, keratoconus, lattice dystrophy, map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy, ocular herpes, pterygium, myopia, hyperopia, and cataracts.
  • the ophthalmic disorders selected from the group consisting of retinopathies, uveitis, ocular photophobia, acute injury to the eye tissue, conjunctivitis, age-related macular degeneration diabetic retinopathy, detached
  • Cannabinoid agonists are believed to be useful in the treatment of other disorders including acute cerebral ischemia, neuroprotection, anxiety, cerebrovascular ischemia, cachexia, nausea, emesis, chemotherapy-induced emesis, cutaneous T cell lymphoma, diabetes, osteoporosis, glomerulonephritis, renal ischemia, nephritis, hepatitis, cerebral stroke, vasodialation, hypertension, vasculitis, myocardial infarction and cerebral ischemia.
  • compositions comprising the compounds described above (including tautomers of the compounds, and pharmaceutically-acceptable salts of the compounds and tautomers), and to methods for making pharmaceutical compositions comprising those compounds in combination with one or more conventional non-toxic, pharmaceutically- acceptable carriers, diluents, wetting or suspending agents, vehicles, and/or adjuvants (the carriers, diluents, wetting or suspending agents, vehicles, and adjuvants sometimes being collectively referred to in this specification as "carrier materials”); and/or other active ingredients.
  • carrier materials the carriers, diluents, wetting or suspending agents, vehicles, and adjuvants sometimes being collectively referred to in this specification as "carrier materials”
  • the pharmaceutical composition is made in the form of a dosage unit containing a particular amount of the active ingredient.
  • the pharmaceutical composition contains from about 0.1 to 1000 mg (and more typically, 7.0 to 350 mg) of the compound.
  • the compounds of the invention can also be administered intranasally or by inhalation, typically in the form of a dry powder (either alone, as a mixture, for example, in a dry blend with lactose, or as a mixed component particle, for example, mixed with phospholipids, such as phosphatidylcholine) from a dry powder inhaler or as an aerosol spray from a pressurised container, pump, spray, atomiser (preferably an atomiser using electrohydrodynamics to produce a fine mist), or nebuliser, with or without the use of a suitable propellant, such as 1 ,1 ,1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane or 1 ,1 ,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane.
  • a suitable propellant such as 1 ,1 ,1 ,2-tetrafluoroethane or 1 ,1 ,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane.
  • the powder may comprise a bioadhesive agent, for example, chitosan or cyclodextrin.
  • the pressurised container, pump, spray, atomizer, or nebuliser contains a solution or suspension of the compound(s) of the invention comprising, for example, ethanol, aqueous ethanol, or a suitable alternative agent for dispersing, solubilising, or extending release of the active, a propellant(s) as solvent and an optional surfactant, such as sorbitan trioleate, oleic acid, or an oligolactic acid.
  • the drug product Prior to use in a dry powder or suspension formulation, the drug product is micronised to a size suitable for delivery by inhalation (typically less than 5 microns). This may be achieved by any appropriate comminuting method, such as spiral jet milling, fluid bed jet milling, supercritical fluid processing to form nanoparticles, high pressure homogenisation, or spray drying.
  • comminuting method such as spiral jet milling, fluid bed jet milling, supercritical fluid processing to form nanoparticles, high pressure homogenisation, or spray drying.
  • Capsules made, for example, from gelatin or hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
  • blisters and cartridges for use in an inhaler or insufflator may be formulated to contain a powder mix of the compound of the invention, a suitable powder base such as lactose or starch and a performance modifier such as l-leucine, mannitol, or magnesium stearate.
  • the lactose may be anhydrous or in the form of the monohydrate, preferably the latter.
  • Other suitable excipients include dextran, glucose, maltose, sorbitol, xylitol, fructose, sucrose and trehalose.
  • a suitable solution formulation for use in an atomiser using electrohydrodynamics to produce a fine mist may contain from 1 ⁇ g to 20mg of the compound of the invention per actuation and the actuation volume may vary from 1 ⁇ l to 100 ⁇ l.
  • a typical formulation may comprise a compound of the invention, propylene glycol, sterile water, ethanol and sodium chloride.
  • Alternative solvents which may be used instead of propylene glycol include glycerol and polyethylene glycol.
  • Suitable flavours such as menthol and levomenthol, or sweeteners, such as saccharin or saccharin sodium, may be added to those formulations of the invention intended for inhaled/intranasal administration.
  • Formulations for inhaled/intranasal administration may be formulated to be immediate and/or modified release using, for example, PGLA.
  • Modified release formulations include delayed-, sustained-, pulsed-, controlled-, targeted and programmed release.
  • the dosage unit is determined by means of a valve which delivers a metered amount.
  • Units in accordance with the invention are typically arranged to administer a metered dose or "puff' containing from 0.001 mg to 10mg of the compound of the invention.
  • the overall daily dose will typically be in the range 0.001 mg to 40mg which may be administered in a single dose or, more usually, as divided doses throughout the day.
  • Solid dosage forms for oral administration include, for example, hard or soft capsules, tablets, pills, powders, and granules.
  • the compounds are ordinarily combined with one or more adjuvants.
  • the compounds may be mixed with lactose, sucrose, starch powder, cellulose esters of alkanoic acids, cellulose alkyl esters, talc, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, magnesium oxide, sodium and calcium salts of phosphoric and sulfuric acids, gelatin, acacia gum, sodium alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and/or polyvinyl alcohol, and then tableted or encapsulated for convenient administration.
  • Such capsules or tablets may contain a controlled-release formulation, as may be provided in a dispersion of the compound of this invention in hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose.
  • the dosage forms also may comprise buffering agents, such as sodium citrate, or magnesium or calcium carbonate or bicarbonate. Tablets and pills additionally may be prepared with enteric coatings.
  • Liquid dosage forms for oral administration include, for example, pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups, and elixirs containing inert diluents commonly used in the art (e.g., water). Such compositions also may comprise adjuvants, such as wetting, emulsifying, suspending, flavoring (e.g., sweetening), and/or perfuming agents.
  • adjuvants such as wetting, emulsifying, suspending, flavoring (e.g., sweetening), and/or perfuming agents.
  • Parenter administration includes subcutaneous injections, intravenous injections, intramuscular injections, intrasternal injections, and infusion.
  • injectable preparations e.g., sterile injectable aqueous or oleaginous suspensions
  • suitable dispersing, wetting agents, and/or suspending agents may be formulated according to the known art using suitable dispersing, wetting agents, and/or suspending agents.
  • Acceptable carrier materials include, for example, water, 1 ,3-butanediol, Ringer's solution, isotonic sodium chloride solution, bland fixed oils (e.g., synthetic mono- or diglycerides), dextrose, mannitol, fatty acids (e.g., oleic acid), dimethyl acetamide, surfactants (e.g., ionic and non-ionic detergents), and/or polyethylene glycols (e.g., PEG 400).
  • suitable fixed oils e.g., synthetic mono- or diglycerides
  • dextrose e.g., mannitol
  • fatty acids e.g., oleic acid
  • dimethyl acetamide e.g., dimethyl acetamide
  • surfactants e.g., ionic and non-ionic detergents
  • polyethylene glycols e.g., PEG 400
  • Formulations for parenteral administration may, for example, be prepared from sterile powders or granules having one or more of the carriers materials mentioned for use in the formulations for oral administration.
  • the compounds may be dissolved in water, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethanol, com oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, benzyl alcohol, sodium chloride, and/or various buffers.
  • the pH may be adjusted, if necessary, with a suitable acid, base, or buffer.
  • Starting compound 1 wherein X is either carbon or nitrogen and R* is a carboxyl protecting group such as alkyl or aralkyl, can be treated with a base and an alkylating agent.
  • bases include sodium hydride, potassium terf-butoxide, sodium hexamethyldisilazide, and potassium carbonate
  • exemplary alkylating agents include R 1 -L where L is a leaving group, such as a halogen, or a mesylate, or a tosylate, and R 1 is as described in the description of general formula (I).
  • the reaction generally produces a mixture of regioisomers wherein the alkylation occurs either on N1 or N2 position of the indazole ring, depending upon the base and the alkylating agent.
  • the desired N 1 -alkylated regioisomer is isolated in pure form by either chromatographic separation, or recrystallization of the crude product mixture. Saponification of the alkylated product with an aqueous base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or lithium hydroxide gives compound 2.
  • Compound 2 may be coupled with an amine 3 by using reaction conditions well known in the art for peptide bond synthesis [see, for example, Bodanszky and Bodanszky, The Practice of Peptide Chemistry. Springer- Verlag (1984); Bodanszky, Principles of Peptide Synthesis. Springer-Verlag (1984); Han, S-Y and Kim, Y-A, Tetrahedron, vol. 60, pp 2447-2467 (2004)] to give a compound of formula (I).
  • Exemplary reagents for activating the carboxyl group of compound 2 for reacting with the amine 3 include carbodiimide reagents such as A/,/V-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodimide (EDC), either alone or in combination with 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), and uronium reagents such as O-(7- azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-1 ,1 ,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (HATU), O- (benzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1 ,3,3-tetrarnethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU), and O- (benzotriazol-1-yl)-1 ,1 ,3,3-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate (TBTU).
  • Starting compound 1 wherein X is a nitrogen and R* is a carboxyl protecting group such as alkyl or aralkyl, can be prepared according to known methods in the literature [see, for example, Lynch, B. M. et al, Canadian Journal of Chemistry, vol. 66, pp 420-428 (1988); Huang, S. et al, Bioor ⁇ anic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, vol. 17, pp1243-1245 (2007); Lin, R. et al, Bioor ⁇ anic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, vol. 17, pp 4297-4302 (2007)].
  • Amine compounds 3 (R 2 -NH 2 ) are either commercially available, or readily prepared according to methods known in the art as depicted in the protocols for representative Preparations herein.
  • the compounds, salts and solvates (including hydrates) of the invention may be separated and purified by conventional methods.
  • Separation of diastereomers may be achieved by conventional techniques, e.g. by chromatography or HPLC of a stereoisomeric mixture of a compound of formula (I) or a suitable salt or derivative thereof.
  • An individual enantiomer of a compound of formula (I) may also be prepared from a corresponding optically pure intermediate or by resolution, such as by chromatography of the corresponding racemate using a suitable chiral support or by fractional crystallization of the diastereomeric salts formed by a reaction of the corresponding racemate with a suitable optically active acid or base.
  • the Human CB1 receptor binding affinity and other biological activities of the compounds of this invention are determined by the following procedures.
  • Membrane preparation Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK) Cells expressing the human CB 1 receptor under transcriptional regulation of a tetracycline inducible promoter were grown in Dulbecco's Modified Essential Medium with sodium pyruvate (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) containing 10% tetracycline free fetal bovine serum (Clonetech, Mountain View, CA) 100 ⁇ g/ml hygromycin (Calbiochem, San Diego, CA), 5 ug/ml blasticidin (Invitrogen).
  • HEK Human Embryonic Kidney
  • CB1 receptor expression was induced by addition of 1 ⁇ g/ml doxycycline (Calbiochem) and incubation for an additional 24 hours.
  • Cells were released from flasks using Cell Dissociation Buffer (Invitrogen). Cells were pelleted by centrifugation at 500 X G for 5 minutes.
  • Membranes were prepared by resuspending cells in ice cold TEE Buffer (25mM Tris pH 7.4, 5mM EDTA, 5mM EGTA, Complete Protease Inhibitor (Roche, Basel, Switzerland)). Cells were lysed with 12 strokes of a dounce homogenizer. Unlysed cells were pelleted by centrifugation at 500 X G for 5 minutes.
  • Membranes were pelleted by centrifugation at 25,000 X G for 30 minutes. Membranes were resuspended in TEE, dounced 12 strokes, and pelleted a second time at 25,000 X G for 30 minutes. Membrane pellet was resuspended in 5OmM Tris pH 7.4, 10OmM NaCI, 3mM MgCI 2 , 0.2mM EGTA, Complete Protease Inhibitor (Roche). Protein concentration was determined using the Micro-BCA Protein Assay Kit (Pierce, Rockford, IL) using BSA as a standard. Membranes were quick frozen and stored at -80 degrees Celsius until use.
  • Membrane preparation CHO cells expressing the human CB1 receptor were grown to 80% confluence in Ham's F-12 Nutrient Medium (Invitrogen) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen), 1% pen/strep (Invitogen), 1% Nonessential amino acids (Invitrogen) and 500 ⁇ g/ml G418 (Invitrogen). Cells were released from flasks using Cell Dissociation Buffer (Invitrogen). Cells were pelleted by centrifugation at 500 X G for 5 minutes.
  • Membranes were prepared by resuspending cells in ice cold Assay Buffer (25mM Tris pH 7.4, 5mM EDTA, 5mM EGTA, Complete Protease Inhibitor (Roche)). Cells were lysed with 12 strokes of a dounce homogenizer. Unlysed cells were pelleted by centrifugation at 500 X G for 5 minutes. Membranes were pelleted by centrifugation at 25,000 X G for 30 minutes. Membranes were resuspended in TEE 1 dounced 12 strokes, and pelleted a second time at 25,000 X G for 30 minutes.
  • Membrane pellet was resuspended in 5OmM Tris pH 7.4, 10OmM NaCI, 3mM MgCb, 0.2mM EGTA, Complete Protease Inhibitor (Roche). Protein concentration was determined using the Micro-BCA Protein Assay Kit (Pierce) using BSA as a standard. Membranes were frozen and stored at -80 degrees Celsius until use.
  • GTPvS Binding 40 ⁇ l of test compound was incubated with 20 ⁇ l of [ 35 S] GTPyS (Perkin Elmer) (1250 Ci/millimole) and 140 ⁇ l of membrane homogenate (5 ug/well) in polypropylene 96-well plates (Corning). Final reaction conditions were 5OmM Tris pH 7.4, 10OmM NaCI, 3mM MgCI 2 , 0.2mM EGTA, 0.04% BSA. After incubation at 37 degrees Celsius for 45 minutes reactions were harvested by vacuum filtration through Unifilter GF/B-96 filters (Perkin Elmer) using a FilterMate Plate Harvester (Perkin Elmer).
  • the above protocol assays were used to determine biological activity.
  • the Ki towards human CB1 receptors for certain compounds of the invention are measured to be 0.01-1000 nM.
  • the EC50 towards human CB1 receptors in the GTPyS assay for certain compounds of the invention are measured to be 0.1-5000 nM.
  • Table 1 shows certain biological activities for some of the exemplified compounds.
  • the invention is illustrated in the following non-limiting examples and preparations in which, unless stated otherwise: all operations were carried out at room or ambient temperature, that is, in the range of 18-25 degrees Celsius; evaporation of solvent was carried out using a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure with a bath temperature of up to 60 degrees Celsius; reactions were monitored by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and reaction times are given for illustration only; melting points (mp) given are uncorrected (polymorphism may result in different melting points); the structure and purity of all isolated compounds were assured by at least one of the following techniques: TLC (Merck silica gel 60 F 2S4 precoated TLC plates or Merck NH 2 gel (an amine coated silica gel) F 2S4S precoated TLC plates), mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (NMR), infrared absorption spectra (IR) or microanalysis.
  • TLC Merck silica gel 60 F 2S4 precoated TLC plates or Merck NH 2 gel (an
  • Low-resolution mass spectral data (El) were obtained on an Integrity (Waters) mass spectrometer.
  • Low-resolution mass spectral data (ESI) were obtained on ZMDTM or ZQTM (Waters) and mass spectrometer.
  • IR spectra were measured by a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (Shimazu FTIR-8300). Chemical symbols have their usual meanings; bp (boiling point), mp (melting point), rt (room temperature), L (liter(s)), mL (milliliter(s)), g (gram(s)), mg (milligram(s)), mol (moles), mmol (millimoles), eq. (equivalent(s)), quant, (quantitative yield).
  • CDI N, N'- carbonyldiimidazole
  • DMF ⁇ /, ⁇ /-dimethylformamide
  • DMSO dimethylsulfoxide
  • EDCHCI 1-ethyl-3-(3- dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride
  • HATU 2-(7-aza-1 H-benzotriazol-1 -yl)-1 , 1 ,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate
  • TBTU 2-(1 H-benzotriazol-1 -yl)-1 ,1 ,3,3-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate]
  • EtOH ethanol
  • HOBt 1- -Hydroxy- 7H-benzotriazole
  • MeOH methanol
  • THF tetrahydrofuran
  • TFA trifluoroacetic acid
  • Step 3 N-[(1S)-1 -(aminocarbonyl)-2,2-dimethylpropyl]-1-(3-cyanopropy I)-IH- indazole-3-carboxamide
  • This compound was prepared following the procedure of Johnson, B. L.; Rodgers, J. D. Syn. Comm. 2005, 35, 2681-2684.
  • a suspension of 5.28 g 7-fluoroisatin in 30 ml_ of water was added 1.30 g NaOH, in 10 mL water with stirring.
  • the resulting dark red solution was stirred until all of the solids dissolved and was then cooled in an ice water bath.
  • the solution was then slowly added a cooled (ice bath) solution of 2.21 g NaNO 2 in 10 mL water.
  • These combined solutions were then added slowly to cooled (ice bath) to solution of aqueous sulfuric acid (3.4 mL H 2 SO 4 in 60 mL water). Ice was added to maintain a temperature of approximately O 0 C.
  • Step 5 1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-7-fluoro-N-[(1S)-1- ⁇ [(2- hydroxyethyl)amino]carbonyl ⁇ -2,2-dimethylpropyl]-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide
  • Step 2 ethyl 1-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-3- carboxylate
  • Step 4 N-[(1 S)-1 -(hydroxymethyl)-2,2-dimethylpropyl]-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- ylmethyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-3-carboxamide
  • Step 1 ethyl 1-(4-cyanobutyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylate
  • the solution was returned to r.t.
  • the solution was diluted with ethyl ether and filtered through Celite to collect salts. Filtrate is concentrated to a yellow oil. Purify using
  • Step 2 i- ⁇ -cyanobutyO-IH-indazole-S-carboxylic acid
  • Step 3 N-(1 -(2-amino-2-oxoethylamino)-3,3-dimethyl-1 -oxobutan-2-yl)-1 -(4- cyanobutyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide
  • Example 8 N-[(1 S)-1 -(aminocarbonyl)-2,2-dimethylpropyl]-1 -[2-(tert-butylamino)- 2-oxoethyl]-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide
  • Step 1 methyl 1-(5,5,5-trifluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylate
  • Step 3 N-[(1S)-1-(aminocarbonyl)-2,2-dimethylpropyl]-1-[2-(tert-butylamino)-2- oxoethyl]-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide
  • Step 1 methyl 1-(2-(tert-butylamino)-2-oxoethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylate
  • Step 3 1-[2-(tert-butylamino)-2-oxoethyl]-N-[(1S)-1- ⁇ [(2- hydroxyethyl)amino]carbonyl ⁇ -2,2-dimethylpropyl]-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide
  • Step 1 methyl 1-(cycloheptylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylate
  • Step 3 1-(cycloheptylmethyl)-N-[(1S)-1- ⁇ [(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]carbonyl ⁇ -2,2- dimethylpropyl]-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide
  • Step 1 ethyl 1-((5-oxo-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl) methyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylate
  • Step 3 N-[(1S)-1-([(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]carbonyl ⁇ -2 > 2-dimethylpropyl]-1- ⁇ [(2R)- 5-oxotetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methyl ⁇ -1H-indazole-3-carboxamide
  • Step 1 methyl 1-(2-oxoethyl -2-phenyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylate
  • Step 3 3-methyl-N- ⁇ [1 -(2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)-1 H-indazol-3-yl]carbonyl ⁇ -L- valylglycinamide
  • Step 1 Benzyl [(1S)-1-(aminocarbonyl)-2,2-dimethylpropyl]carbamate o
  • Step 1 [(S)-I -(Carbamoylmethylcarbamoyl)-2,2-dimethylpropyl]carbamic acid tert-butyl ester
  • N-Boc-L-tert-leucine 1.0 g, 4.327 mmol
  • N 1 N- diisopropylethyl amine 5.1 ml, 30.3 mmol
  • EDCHCI 5.1 ml, 30.3 mmol
  • HOBT 880 mg, 6.5 mmol
  • Glycinamide hydrochloride 720 mg, 6.5 mmol was then added to it and stirring was continued for 18 h at rt.
  • Step 1 ((S)-2-fe/t-Butoxycarbonylamino-3,3-dimethylbutyrylamino)acetic acid benzyl ester:
  • Step 1 (S)-5-((2-(fert-butoxycarbonylamino)-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)methyl)- 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
  • the solution was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water.
  • the organic layer was washed with water (100 mL) and saturated sodium chloride (100 ml_) and dried over magnesium sulfate. Filtration and concentration provided the crude product as a brown oil.
  • the material was purified using normal phase chromatography (heptane/ethyl acetate) to provide the title compound as a colorless oil (5.72g, 64% yield).
  • Step 2 Ethyl (S)-5-((2-amino-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole- 2-carboxylate, trifluoroacetate salt
  • Step 2 (S)-7erf-butyl 1-((5-carbamoyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methylamino)-3,3- dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-ylcarbamate
  • Step 1 ((S)-I -Hydrazinocarbonyl-2,2-dimethylpropyl)carbamic acid ferf-butyl ester
  • Step 2 N- ⁇ 5-[(1 S)-1 -amino-2,2-dimethylpropyl]-1 ,3,4-oxadiazol-2- yl ⁇ cyclopropane-carboxamide hydrochloride
  • Step 1 tert-Butyl [(1S)-1- ⁇ 5-[(aminocarbonyl)amino]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl ⁇ -2,2- dimethylpropyl]carbamate
  • Step 1 [N'-((S)-2-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-3,3-dimethyl-butyryl)-hydrazino]- oxo-acetic acid ethyl ester
  • Triethylamine 600 ⁇ l, 4.2 mmol
  • a solution of [N'-((S)-2-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino- 3,3-dimethyl-butyryl)-hydrazino]-oxo-acetic acid ethyl ester 350 mg, 1.0 mmol
  • dry dichloromethane 5 ml
  • triphenylphosphine 548 mg, 2.0 mmol
  • iodine 851 mg, 2.0 mmol
  • dichloromethane 10 ml
  • Step 1 Benzyl [(1S)-1-cyano-2,2-dimethylpropyl]carbamate
  • the 5% palladium/charcoal catalyst (20 mg) was added to the dry benzyl [(1S)-2,2- dimethyl-1-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)propyl]carbamate (600 mg, 2.1 mmol) in a round bottomed flask.
  • methanol 10 ml
  • the atmosphere was escaped and purged with hydrogen twice before affixing a hydrogen balloon to the flask.
  • the reaction was maintained at atmospheric pressure overnight at ambient temperature.
  • the reaction mixture was purged with nitrogen gas and filtered through a cake of Celite.
  • the Celite was washed with methanol and filtrate concentrated to a pale tan solid. 320.1 mg , 99 % yield.
  • Step 1 (S)-tert-butyl 1-(benzylamino)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-ylcarbamate

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Abstract

Cette invention concerne des composés, des compositions pharmaceutiques et des méthodes de traitement d'une pathologie induite par l'activité du récepteur CB1 chez un mammifère, notamment chez l'homme. Ces méthodes consistent à administrer à un mammifère nécessitant un tel traitement une quantité thérapeutiquement efficace du composé de formule (I), dans laquelle R1, R2 et R3 sont tels que définis dans la description.
PCT/IB2009/000409 2008-02-29 2009-02-26 Dérivés d'indazole WO2009106980A2 (fr)

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