WO2009027611A2 - Refractaire a forte teneur en zircone et teneur en silice elevee - Google Patents
Refractaire a forte teneur en zircone et teneur en silice elevee Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009027611A2 WO2009027611A2 PCT/FR2008/051516 FR2008051516W WO2009027611A2 WO 2009027611 A2 WO2009027611 A2 WO 2009027611A2 FR 2008051516 W FR2008051516 W FR 2008051516W WO 2009027611 A2 WO2009027611 A2 WO 2009027611A2
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
- C04B35/484—Refractories by fusion casting
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/42—Details of construction of furnace walls, e.g. to prevent corrosion; Use of materials for furnace walls
- C03B5/43—Use of materials for furnace walls, e.g. fire-bricks
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3239—Vanadium oxides, vanadates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. magnesium vanadate
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- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3241—Chromium oxides, chromates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3251—Niobium oxides, niobates, tantalum oxides, tantalates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3409—Boron oxide, borates, boric acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. borax
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/72—Products characterised by the absence or the low content of specific components, e.g. alkali metal free alumina ceramics
- C04B2235/727—Phosphorus or phosphorus compound content
Definitions
- the invention relates to a novel melted and cast refractory product with a high zirconia content.
- refractory products there are melted and cast products, well known for the construction of glass melting furnaces, and sintered products.
- molten and cast products generally comprise an intergranular vitreous phase connecting crystallized grains.
- the problems posed by the sintered products and the cast and cast products, and the technical solutions adopted to solve them, are therefore generally different.
- a composition developed to manufacture a sintered product is not a priori usable as such to manufacture a melted and cast product, and vice versa.
- Melted and cast products are obtained by melting a mixture of suitable raw materials in an electric arc furnace or by any other technique suitable for these products. The molten liquid is then poured into a mold and the product obtained undergoes a controlled cooling cycle to be brought to room temperature without fracturing. This operation is called "annealing" by those skilled in the art.
- electro-cast products with a high zirconia content that is to say more than 85% by weight of zirconia (ZrO 2 ) are known for their high quality of corrosion resistance without staining of the produced glass and without generation of defects.
- cast and cast products with a high zirconia content also contain sodium oxide (Na 2 O) to prevent the formation of zircon from the zirconia and silica present in the product.
- Na 2 O sodium oxide
- the formation of zircon is indeed harmful since it is accompanied by a decrease in volume of the order of 20%, thus creating mechanical stresses at the origin of cracks.
- the product ER-1 195 produced and sold by the European Company of Refractory Products and covered by the patent EP-B-403 387 is today widely used in glass melting furnaces. Its chemical composition includes about
- FR 2 701 022 discloses cast and cast products having a high zirconia content which contain 0.05 to 1.0% by weight of P 2 O 5 and 0.05 to 1.0% by weight of boron oxide B 2 O 3 . These products have a high electrical resistivity. This advantageously makes it possible to stabilize the electrical consumption during the electrical melting of the glass and especially to avoid any problem of short circuit in the refractories causing their rapid degradation. Indeed, during the electrical melting of the glass part of the electric current passes through the refractory products. The increase in the resistivity of these refractory products thus makes it possible to reduce the amount of electric current likely to travel through them.
- WO 2005 068393 discloses cast and cast products having a high zirconia content having a high electrical resistivity while minimizing the contents of BaO, SrO, MgO, CaO, P 2 O 5 , Na 2 O and K 2 O. These products contain 0 , 1 to 1, 2% by weight of B 2 O 3 .
- JP 2000-302 560 discloses cast and cast products which do not contain Nb 2 O 5 or Ta 2 O 5 .
- the present invention aims to satisfy this need.
- a melted and cast refractory product with a high zirconia content comprising, in mass percentages on the oxide basis and for a total of more than 98.5%, preferably of more than 99% and more preferably of more 99.5%:
- B 2 O 3 ⁇ 1.5%, and a dopant chosen from the group formed by V 2 O 5 , CrO 3 , Nb 2 O 5 , MoO 3 , Ta 2 O 5 , WO 3 and their mixtures, in a weighted quantity as expressed by formula (1) next :
- the refractory product according to the invention has a remarkable electrical resistivity, while maintaining a good resistance to corrosion by the molten glass.
- the refractory product according to the invention also comprises one or, preferably, several of the following optional characteristics.
- the weighted quantity of dopant is greater than or equal to 0.5%, preferably greater than or equal to 0.6%, preferably 1.2% and / or less than or equal to 3%, preferably 2.5%; %, preferably less than or equal to 1, 4%, the total amount of dopant is greater than or equal to 0.05%, preferably greater than or equal to 0.1% and / or less than or equal to 0.5%, preferably less than or equal to 0.4%, in molar percentages on the basis of the oxides.
- the dopant is chosen from V 2 O 5 , Nb 2 O 5 , Ta 2 O 5 , WO 3 and their mixtures, preferably from Nb 2 O 5 , Ta 2 O 5 and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the dopant is Nb 2 O 5 . Preferably, the mass quantity of Nb 2 O 5 is greater than 0.1%.
- the dopant is a mixture of Nb 2 O 5 and Ta 2 O 5 , the amount of Nb 2 O 5 being greater than 0.1% and the amount of Ta 2 O 5 being greater than 0.1%, in percentages by weight based on the oxides.
- the amount of B 2 O 3 is greater than 0.05%, preferably 0.1%, or even greater than 0.25%.
- the mass quantity of boron oxide B 2 O 3 is less than or equal to 1.0%, preferably less than or equal to 0.8%.
- the amount of yttrium oxide Y 2 O 3 is less than or equal to 1%, preferably less than 0.5%, more preferably less than 0.2%.
- the quantity of Al 2 O 3 alumina is greater than or equal to 0.4%, preferably greater than or equal to 0.5%, preferably greater than or equal to 0.6%, and / or less than or equal to 1, 5%, preferably less than or equal to 1%, more preferably less than or equal to 0.85%.
- the mass quantity of barium oxide BaO is less than or equal to 0.6%, preferably less than 0.5%.
- Species other than ZrO 2 + HfO 2 , SiO 2 , B 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , BaO and dopant represent, by mass, less than 1, 5 %, preferably less than 1%, more preferably less than 0.5%.
- Species other than ZrO 2 + HfO 2 , SiO 2 , B 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , and dopant represent, by mass, less than
- the 100% mass supplement consists of impurities.
- the amount of impurities is less than 0.6%, preferably less than 0.3%.
- the mass quantity of sodium oxide Na 2 O is less than or equal to 0.1%, preferably less than or equal to 0.05%, more preferably less than or equal to 0.03%.
- these characteristics make it possible to further improve the electrical resistivity and the corrosion resistance of the product according to the invention.
- the refractory product according to the invention preferably has an electrical resistivity greater than or equal to 400 ⁇ ⁇ cm, preferably greater than or equal to 500 ⁇ ⁇ cm, more preferably greater than or equal to 600 ⁇ ⁇ cm at 1500 ° C. frequency of 100Hz.
- the invention also relates to a glass melting furnace comprising a refractory product according to the invention, or a refractory product manufactured or capable of being manufactured according to a method according to the invention, in particular in regions intended to be in contact with the molten glass.
- the refractory product may advantageously be part of a glass preparation tank by melting, in particular by electric melting, where it is likely to come into contact with molten glass at a temperature greater than 1200. ° C.
- the refractory product according to the invention is not intended to be brought into contact with molten glasses at temperatures below 1100 ° C.
- the invention finally relates to a method for manufacturing a refractory product according to the invention, comprising the following successive steps: a) mixing of raw materials, with introduction of a dopant, so as to form a starting charge, b) melting said starting charge until a molten liquid is obtained; c) casting and solidifying said molten liquid by controlled cooling so as to obtain a refractory product, which process is remarkable in that said raw materials are chosen so that said refractory product is in accordance with the invention.
- the "weighted" content or quantity of dopant here refers to the quantity
- the high zirconia content that is to say ZrO 2 > 85%, makes it possible to meet the requirements of high corrosion resistance without coloring the glass produced or generating defects. harmful to the quality of this glass.
- the hafnium oxide, HfO 2 , present in the product according to the invention is the hafnium oxide naturally present in the zirconia sources. Its content in the product according to the invention is therefore less than or equal to 5%, generally less than or equal to 2%.
- silica is necessary for the formation of an intergranular glassy phase making it possible to effectively accommodate the volume variations of the zirconia during its reversible allotropic transformation, that is to say during the passage of the monoclinic phase. at the tetragonal phase.
- the silica content may be greater than 10.1%, or even greater than 10.5%.
- alumina is necessary for the formation of a stable vitreous phase and the good flowability of the products in the mold. Excessive content causes instability of the glassy phase (formation of crystals).
- Yttrium oxide Y 2 O 3 has an adverse effect on the electrical resistivity, but its presence can be tolerated in an amount of less than 1%, preferably less than 0.5%, more preferably less than 0.2%.
- the presence of dopant is necessary in the products of the invention to improve the electrical resistivity.
- the total weighted content of these oxides should preferably not exceed 4% in order for the percentage of zirconia to be maintained at a sufficiently high level to ensure excellent resistance to corrosion by the molten glass and to maintain good stability. the vitreous phase.
- the inventors have found that all the pentavalent dopants have a substantially identical effect with identical molar amounts. The same is true for all hexavalent dopants. In addition, the inventors have observed a molar efficiency approximately twice as high for the M 6+ hexavalent dopants as for the M 5+ pentavalent dopants. Without being bound by theory, the inventors explain this difference by the role of the dopants vis-à-vis the oxygen deficiency of zirconia. The hexavalent dopants M 6+ indeed compensate for two oxygen deficits against one for pentavalent dopants M 5+ . One mole of oxide of a pentavalent dopant M 2 O 5 would therefore have an effect identical to one mole of oxide of a hexavalent dopant MO 3 .
- composition of the product according to the invention is constituted by the other species.
- "Other species” means species whose presence is not particularly desirable and which are generally present as impurities in raw materials.
- Alkaline oxides in particular sodium oxide Na 2 O and potassium oxide K 2 O, which may be tolerated but preferably do not exceed 0.5%, preferably 0.1, may be mentioned. %, more preferably only present as traces. Otherwise the electrical resistivity would be degraded due to the increased conductivity of the glassy phase.
- Iron, titanium and phosphorus oxides are known to be harmful and their content must be limited to traces introduced as impurities with the raw materials.
- the amount of Fe 2 O 3 + TiO 2 is less than 0.55% and that of P 2 O 5 is less than 0.05%.
- a product according to the invention can be manufactured according to steps a) to c) described below: a) mixing of raw materials, with introduction of a dopant, so as to form a feedstock, b) melting of said feedstock to obtain a molten liquid, c) solidification of said molten liquid, by controlled cooling so as to obtain a refractory product according to the invention.
- step a) the dopant addition is carried out so as to guarantee a dopant content in the finished product according to the invention.
- step b) the melting is preferably carried out thanks to the combined action of a rather long electric arc, not producing a reduction, and a solder promoting the reoxidation of the products.
- the melting takes place at a temperature above 2300 ° C., preferably between 2400 and 2500 ° C.
- the long-arc melting method described in French Patent No. 1208577 and its additions No. 75893 and 82310 are used.
- This method consists in using an electric arc furnace whose arc gushes between the load and at least one electrode spaced from this load and adjusting the length of the arc so that its reducing action is reduced to a minimum, while maintaining a oxidizing atmosphere above the molten bath and stirring said bath, either by the action of the arc itself, or by bubbling in the bath an oxidizing gas (air or oxygen, for example) or by adding bathing oxygen-releasing substances such as peroxides.
- cooling is preferably performed at a rate below 20 ° C per hour, preferably at a rate of about 10 ° C per hour.
- any conventional method of manufacturing zirconia-based fused products for applications in glass melting furnaces may be implemented, provided that the composition of the feedstock provides products having a composition consistent with that of the product according to the invention.
- the use of a continuous melting and solidification induction furnace, as described in FR 1 430 962, is possible and makes it possible to manufacture products whose zirconia content is particularly homogeneous.
- the product of the invention consists of zirconia grains which, for more than 80%, more than 90%, more than 99% or substantially 100% is unstabilized monoclinic, surrounded by a glassy phase constituted for more than 50%, more than
- the products of the invention may advantageously be used in any other application requiring a refractory product having a high electrical resistivity.
- the examples were prepared according to the conventional method of melting in an arc furnace and then cast to obtain blocks of 220x450x150mm format.
- cylindrical product bars 30 mm in diameter and 30 mm in height were subjected to a potential difference of 1 volt at a frequency of 100 Hertz at 1500 ° C. to carry out measurements of electrical resistivity R.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2008292000A AU2008292000A1 (en) | 2007-08-24 | 2008-08-21 | Refractory material having high zirconia content and high silica content |
CN200880104133.6A CN101784504B (zh) | 2007-08-24 | 2008-08-21 | 具有高氧化锆含量和高二氧化硅含量的耐火材料 |
BRPI0815749-9A2A BRPI0815749A2 (pt) | 2007-08-24 | 2008-08-21 | Produto refratário fundido e moldado com alto teor de zircônia, processo de fabricação do mesmo, e, forno de fusão de vidro |
EA201000240A EA017354B1 (ru) | 2007-08-24 | 2008-08-21 | Огнеупорное изделие с высоким содержанием диоксида циркония и диоксида кремния |
EP08828281.9A EP2183198B9 (fr) | 2007-08-24 | 2008-08-21 | Refractaire a forte teneur en zircone et teneur en silice elevee |
MX2010001879A MX2010001879A (es) | 2007-08-24 | 2008-08-21 | Material refractario que tiene alto contenido de circonia y alto contenido de silice. |
US12/673,138 US8288300B2 (en) | 2007-08-24 | 2008-08-21 | Refractory with a high zirconia content and a high silica content |
JP2010521458A JP5351162B2 (ja) | 2007-08-24 | 2008-08-21 | 高ジルコニア含有量及び高シリカ含有量を有する耐火物 |
CA2696533A CA2696533A1 (fr) | 2007-08-24 | 2008-08-21 | Refractaire a forte teneur en zircone et teneur en silice elevee |
ZA2010/01050A ZA201001050B (en) | 2007-08-24 | 2010-02-12 | Refractory material having high zirconia content and high silica content |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0757171A FR2920152B1 (fr) | 2007-08-24 | 2007-08-24 | Refractaire a fortre teneur en zircone et teneur en silice elevee. |
FR0757171 | 2007-08-24 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009027611A2 true WO2009027611A2 (fr) | 2009-03-05 |
WO2009027611A3 WO2009027611A3 (fr) | 2009-04-30 |
Family
ID=39190380
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2008/051516 WO2009027611A2 (fr) | 2007-08-24 | 2008-08-21 | Refractaire a forte teneur en zircone et teneur en silice elevee |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8288300B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2183198B9 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5351162B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR101537341B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101784504B (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2008292000A1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0815749A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2696533A1 (fr) |
EA (1) | EA017354B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2920152B1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MX2010001879A (fr) |
TW (1) | TWI435858B (fr) |
UA (1) | UA99625C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009027611A2 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA201001050B (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2942468A1 (fr) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-08-27 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Produit refractaire a forte teneur en zircone. |
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FR2907116B1 (fr) * | 2006-10-16 | 2008-12-19 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Produit fritte a base de zircon+nb2o5 ou ta2o5 |
FR2913013B1 (fr) * | 2007-02-23 | 2009-12-18 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Bloc refractaire fondu et coule a forte teneur en zircone |
FR2920152B1 (fr) | 2007-08-24 | 2009-12-04 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Refractaire a fortre teneur en zircone et teneur en silice elevee. |
FR2920153B1 (fr) * | 2007-08-24 | 2010-11-26 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Produit refractaire a forte teneur en zircone dope. |
FR2929941B1 (fr) * | 2008-04-15 | 2011-03-04 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Produit fritte dope a base de zircon |
FR2953825B1 (fr) * | 2009-12-16 | 2013-12-20 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Produit refractaire a forte teneur en zircone. |
FR2969145B1 (fr) * | 2010-12-16 | 2013-01-11 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Produit refractaire a haute teneur en zircone. |
ITRM20110593A1 (it) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-10 | Antonio Naddeo | Procedimento di fabbricazione di prodotti ignifughi |
FR2986227B1 (fr) * | 2012-01-27 | 2014-01-10 | Saint Gobain Isover | Procede de production de laine minerale |
CN102679553A (zh) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-09-19 | 常熟市天和陶瓷厂 | 一种用于热风机中的陶瓷分流器 |
WO2016172274A1 (fr) | 2015-04-24 | 2016-10-27 | Corning Incorporated | Réfractaires en zircone liés et procédés de fabrication associés |
FR3035607B1 (fr) * | 2015-04-30 | 2017-04-28 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Rech Et D'Etudes Europeen | Procede de modification de l'aspect d'une surface |
CN107663082A (zh) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-02-06 | 安徽青花坊瓷业股份有限公司 | 一种复合陶瓷材料 |
FR3072092B1 (fr) | 2017-10-11 | 2021-11-12 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Procede de fabrication d'un bloc fondu a haute teneur en zircone |
CN108218192B (zh) * | 2018-01-31 | 2021-02-02 | 淄博艾杰旭刚玉材料有限公司 | 耐低铁玻璃侵蚀的电熔azs砖 |
CN109437874B (zh) * | 2018-11-29 | 2021-11-23 | 贵州大东风机械有限公司 | 一种可多次重复使用的多晶坩埚及其成型方法 |
CN110642619A (zh) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-01-03 | 临汾烨达新材料科技有限公司 | 熔融含锆氧化物的陶瓷喷砂微珠 |
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- 2007-08-24 FR FR0757171A patent/FR2920152B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-08-21 MX MX2010001879A patent/MX2010001879A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2008-08-21 BR BRPI0815749-9A2A patent/BRPI0815749A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-08-21 CA CA2696533A patent/CA2696533A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2008-08-21 JP JP2010521458A patent/JP5351162B2/ja active Active
- 2008-08-21 EP EP08828281.9A patent/EP2183198B9/fr active Active
- 2008-08-21 EA EA201000240A patent/EA017354B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-08-21 AU AU2008292000A patent/AU2008292000A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-08-21 UA UAA201002008A patent/UA99625C2/ru unknown
- 2008-08-21 KR KR1020107005804A patent/KR101537341B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2008-08-21 US US12/673,138 patent/US8288300B2/en active Active
- 2008-08-21 WO PCT/FR2008/051516 patent/WO2009027611A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2008-08-21 CN CN200880104133.6A patent/CN101784504B/zh active Active
- 2008-08-22 TW TW097132256A patent/TWI435858B/zh active
-
2010
- 2010-02-12 ZA ZA2010/01050A patent/ZA201001050B/en unknown
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US4507394A (en) * | 1982-12-24 | 1985-03-26 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | High electric resistant zirconia and/or hafnia ceramics |
US5466643A (en) * | 1993-02-03 | 1995-11-14 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | High zirconia fused cast refractories |
JP2000302560A (ja) * | 1999-04-22 | 2000-10-31 | Toshiba Monofrax Co Ltd | 高ジルコニア鋳造耐火物 |
WO2003074445A1 (fr) * | 2002-03-01 | 2003-09-12 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Produit refractaire fondu et coule a forte teneur en zircone |
JP2003292382A (ja) * | 2003-05-16 | 2003-10-15 | Saint-Gobain Tm Kk | 高ジルコニア溶融耐火物 |
WO2005068393A1 (fr) * | 2004-01-02 | 2005-07-28 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Refractaire coule par fusion ayant une resistivite electrique elevee |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2942468A1 (fr) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-08-27 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Produit refractaire a forte teneur en zircone. |
US8563454B2 (en) | 2009-02-25 | 2013-10-22 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Refractory product with high zirconia content |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW200930685A (en) | 2009-07-16 |
EP2183198B1 (fr) | 2017-10-11 |
FR2920152A1 (fr) | 2009-02-27 |
WO2009027611A3 (fr) | 2009-04-30 |
KR20100059871A (ko) | 2010-06-04 |
JP2010536701A (ja) | 2010-12-02 |
JP5351162B2 (ja) | 2013-11-27 |
KR101537341B1 (ko) | 2015-07-16 |
US8288300B2 (en) | 2012-10-16 |
CN101784504A (zh) | 2010-07-21 |
MX2010001879A (es) | 2010-05-13 |
TWI435858B (zh) | 2014-05-01 |
EP2183198A2 (fr) | 2010-05-12 |
AU2008292000A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
US20100257901A1 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
BRPI0815749A2 (pt) | 2015-02-18 |
CA2696533A1 (fr) | 2009-03-05 |
CN101784504B (zh) | 2014-05-07 |
EA201000240A1 (ru) | 2010-08-30 |
EA017354B1 (ru) | 2012-11-30 |
UA99625C2 (ru) | 2012-09-10 |
EP2183198B9 (fr) | 2018-02-21 |
FR2920152B1 (fr) | 2009-12-04 |
ZA201001050B (en) | 2011-04-28 |
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