WO2009011456A1 - 燃料電池システム及びその制御方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池システム及びその制御方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009011456A1 WO2009011456A1 PCT/JP2008/063331 JP2008063331W WO2009011456A1 WO 2009011456 A1 WO2009011456 A1 WO 2009011456A1 JP 2008063331 W JP2008063331 W JP 2008063331W WO 2009011456 A1 WO2009011456 A1 WO 2009011456A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- power
- predetermined threshold
- power generation
- reaction gas
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 170
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000257465 Echinoidea Species 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 nickel metal hydride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04303—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04626—Power, energy, capacity or load of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1007—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system and a control method thereof.
- the fuel cell system is provided with a reaction gas supply device (for example, an air conditioner that supplies air as an oxidizing gas) for supplying a reaction gas to the fuel cell.
- a reaction gas supply device for example, an air conditioner that supplies air as an oxidizing gas
- this is based on a predetermined current command value. Electric power was generated by controlling the reaction gas supply device and supplying the reaction gas to the fuel cell.
- the current command value is a water balance zero current value (in the fuel cell In a low-current power generation region where the water balance is less than zero), a certain amount of reaction gas is supplied to the fuel cell due to mechanical limitations of the reaction gas supply device, and the fuel cell is excessive. There was a risk of becoming dry.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and in a fuel cell system that generates electricity by driving a reaction gas supply device such as an air compressor to supply a reaction gas to the fuel cell, an excess of the fuel cell is provided.
- the purpose is to control drying.
- a fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, a reactive gas supply device, and a power storage device that supplies electric power to various devices when the fuel cell is in a power generation suspended state.
- a fuel cell system for generating power by driving a reaction gas supply device based on a predetermined current command value and supplying a reaction gas to the fuel cell, wherein the water content of the fuel cell is less than a predetermined threshold value
- the amount of power stored in the power storage device is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, it is determined whether the current command value is less than the water balance zero current value, and if a positive determination is obtained, the fuel cell A control device that shifts the power generation state to the power generation suspended state is provided.
- a control method includes: a fuel cell; a reactive gas supply device; and a power storage device that supplies power to various devices when the fuel cell is in a power generation suspended state.
- a method for controlling a fuel cell system that generates power by driving a reaction gas supply device to supply a reaction gas to a fuel cell, wherein the water content of the fuel cell is less than a predetermined threshold value, and A first step for determining whether the current command value is less than the water balance zero current value when the amount of electricity stored in the device is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, and a positive determination is obtained in the first step.
- the fuel cell is dried (the water content is less than the predetermined threshold value), the charge amount of the power storage device is relatively large (greater than the predetermined threshold value), and the current command value When is low (below the water balance zero current value), the power generation state of the fuel cell can be shifted to the power generation suspended state. Therefore, even if the flow rate of the reaction gas supplied from the reaction gas supply device cannot be set below the predetermined lower limit flow rate due to mechanical restrictions, the reaction gas is supplied under conditions that allow the fuel cell to dry. The system can be stopped automatically, and the supply of reaction gas to the fuel cell can be temporarily stopped. As a result, overdrying of the fuel cell can be suppressed.
- Power generation state means a state in which the fuel cell continuously generates power
- power generation temporarily stopped state means a state in which power generation by the fuel cell is temporarily stopped.
- the current command value is set to a water balance zero current value or more.
- a control device that maintains the power generation state of the fuel cell in a state can be employed.
- the current command value is set to a water balance zero current.
- a third step of maintaining the power generation state of the fuel cell in a state set to be equal to or greater than the value can be provided.
- the current command value is The power generation state of the fuel cell can be maintained with the water balance set to zero current value or more. Therefore, over-drying of the fuel cell can be suppressed and charging of the power storage device can be realized.
- an air compressor that supplies an oxidizing gas to the fuel cell can be employed as the reaction gas supply device.
- a reaction gas supply device such as an air compressor to supply a reaction gas to the fuel cell
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a map showing the relationship between the current value of the fuel cell and the flow rate of air supplied from the air compressor.
- Figure 3 is a map showing the relationship between the current value of the fuel cell and the water balance in the fuel cell.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a control method of the fuel cell system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the fuel cell system 1 includes a fuel cell 2 that generates electric power upon receiving supply of reaction gases (oxidized gas and fuel gas), and an oxidizing gas in the fuel cell 2.
- a fuel cell 2 that generates electric power upon receiving supply of reaction gases (oxidized gas and fuel gas), and an oxidizing gas in the fuel cell 2.
- an oxidizing gas piping system 3 that supplies air
- a hydrogen gas piping system 4 that supplies hydrogen gas as fuel gas to the fuel cell 2
- a power system 5 that charges and discharges system power
- the fuel cell 2 is composed of, for example, a solid polymer electrolyte type and has a stack structure in which a large number of single cells are stacked.
- the unit cell of the fuel cell 2 has an air electrode on one surface of an electrolyte made of an ion exchange membrane, a fuel electrode on the other surface, and a pair of air electrodes and a fuel electrode sandwiched from both sides. It has a separator.
- the fuel gas is supplied to the fuel gas flow path of one separator, and the oxidizing gas is supplied to the oxidizing gas flow path of the other separator, and the fuel cell 2 generates electric power by this gas supply.
- the fuel cell 2 is provided with a moisture content sensor 2 a that detects the amount of moisture (moisture content) contained in the electrolyte constituting the unit cell. Information on the water content detected by the water content sensor 2 a is input to the control device 6 and used for power generation control in the fuel cell 2.
- the oxidizing gas piping system 3 has an air supply flow path 11 1 through which oxidizing gas supplied to the fuel cell 2 flows, and an exhaust flow path 12 through which oxidizing off gas discharged from the fuel cell 2 flows.
- the air supply channel 11 is provided with an air compressor 14 that takes in the oxidizing gas via the filter 13 and a humidifier 15 that humidifies the oxidizing gas fed by the air compressor 14.
- the oxidizing off-gas flowing through the exhaust flow path 1 2 passes through the back pressure regulating valve 16 and is used for moisture exchange in the humidifier 15, and then merges with the hydrogen off-gas in a diluter (not shown). It is exhausted into the atmosphere outside the system as exhaust gas.
- the air compressor 14 corresponds to an embodiment of the reaction gas supply device in the present invention.
- the control device 6 controls the air compressor 14 based on a predetermined current command value, thereby adjusting the flow rate of air supplied to the fuel cell 2 (air flow rate).
- a predetermined current command value thereby adjusting the flow rate of air supplied to the fuel cell 2 (air flow rate).
- the air flow rate supplied from the air compressor 14 to the fuel cell 2 cannot be set below a predetermined lower limit flow rate Qu as shown in FIG. It ’s a sea urchin.
- the current command value drops and is supplied from the air compressor 14
- the air flow rate reaches the lower limit flow rate Qu
- the water balance in the fuel cell 2 becomes zero or negative as shown in Fig. 3, so if such low current power generation continues for a long time, the fuel cell 2 will dry out. Will progress.
- the maximum value of the current value ⁇ flow rate supplied from the air compressor 1 4 is the lower limit flow rate Qu
- the water balance of the fuel cell 2 is the current value becomes zero (water balance zero current value 1 0).
- the hydrogen gas piping system 4 includes a hydrogen supply source 21, a hydrogen supply flow path 2 2 through which hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen supply source 21 to the fuel cell 2 flows, and a hydrogen off-gas discharged from the fuel cell 2 ( A recirculation flow path 2 3 for returning the fuel off-gas) to the confluence A 1 of the hydrogen supply flow path 2 2, and a hydrogen pump 2 4 for pumping the hydrogen off-gas in the recirculation flow path 2 3 to the hydrogen supply flow path 2 2 And an exhaust drainage channel 25 branched and connected to the circulation channel 23.
- the hydrogen supply source 21 is composed of, for example, a high-pressure tank or a hydrogen storage alloy, and is configured to be able to store hydrogen gas at a predetermined pressure (for example, 35 MPa or 70 MPa).
- a reformer that generates hydrogen-rich reformed gas from hydrocarbon fuel, a high-pressure gas tank that stores the reformed gas generated by the reformer in a high pressure state, and a hydrogen supply source 2 1 May be configured.
- a tank having a hydrogen storage alloy can be used as the hydrogen supply source 21.
- the hydrogen supply flow path 2 2 includes a shutoff valve 26 that shuts off or allows the supply of hydrogen gas from the hydrogen supply source 21, a regulator 2 7 that adjusts the pressure of the hydrogen gas, and hydrogen to the fuel cell 2. And an electromagnetically driven on-off valve 28 that adjusts the gas supply pressure and flow rate, and the like.
- a shutoff valve 26 that shuts off or allows the supply of hydrogen gas from the hydrogen supply source 21, a regulator 2 7 that adjusts the pressure of the hydrogen gas, and hydrogen to the fuel cell 2.
- an electromagnetically driven on-off valve 28 that adjusts the gas supply pressure and flow rate, and the like.
- An exhaust / drain channel 25 is connected to the circulation channel 23 via a gas / liquid separator 30 and an exhaust / drain valve 31.
- the gas-liquid separator 30 collects moisture from the hydrogen off gas.
- the exhaust drain valve 3 1 is operated according to a command from the control device 6 so that the water collected by the gas-liquid separator 30 and the hydrogen off-gas (fuel off-gas) containing impurities in the circulation passage 23 And are discharged (purged) to the outside.
- the hydrogen off-gas discharged through the exhaust / drain valve 31 and the exhaust / drain channel 25 is combined with the oxidizing off-gas (air) in the exhaust channel 12 and diluted in a diluter (not shown).
- the circulation flow path 23 is provided with a hydrogen pump 24 that pressurizes the hydrogen off gas in the circulation flow path 23 and sends it to the hydrogen supply flow path 22 side.
- the hydrogen pump 24 circulates and supplies hydrogen gas in the circulation system to the fuel cell 2 by driving a motor (not shown).
- the power system 5 includes a high-voltage DC / DC converter 61, a battery 62, a traction inverter 63, a traction motor 64, and various auxiliary inverters not shown.
- the high voltage DCZD C converter 6 1 is a DC voltage converter that adjusts the DC voltage input from the battery 6 2 and outputs it to the traction inverter 6 3 side, and the fuel cell 2 or traction motor 6 4 It has the function of adjusting the DC voltage input from and outputting it to the battery 62.
- These functions of the high-voltage D C ZD C converter 61 make it possible to charge and discharge the battery 62. Further, the output voltage of the fuel cell 2 is controlled by the high voltage DCZDC converter 61.
- the battery 62 is for charging surplus power and supplying power to the traction motor 64 and the auxiliary device under the control of a battery computer (not shown).
- Battery 62 provides power assist (power supply to various devices) during sudden acceleration and intermittent operation mode.
- the intermittent operation mode means that the power generation of the fuel cell 10 is temporarily suspended during low load operation such as idling, low speed running, regenerative braking, etc. This means an operation mode in which power is supplied from the battery 62 to a load device such as the traction motor 64, and the fuel cell 10 is intermittently supplied with hydrogen gas and air that can maintain the open-circuit voltage. .
- the intermittent operation mode corresponds to the generation pause state in the present invention.
- the battery 62 for example, a nickel metal hydride battery or a lithium ion battery can be used.
- a SOC sensor 6 2 a that detects the state of charge (SOC) of the battery 62 is provided. Information relating to the amount of charge of the battery 62 detected by the SOC sensor 6 2 a is input to the control device 6 and used for power generation control of the fuel cell system 1.
- the traction inverter 63 converts a direct current into a three-phase alternating current and supplies it to the traction motor 64.
- Traction motor 64 is, for example, a three-phase AC motor, and constitutes a main power source of a vehicle in which fuel cell system 1 is mounted.
- the auxiliary inverter is an electric motor control unit that controls the driving of each motor, and converts the direct current into three-phase alternating current and supplies it to each motor.
- the auxiliary inverter is, for example, a pulse width modulation type PWM inverter, which converts a DC voltage output from the fuel cell 2 or the battery 62 into a three-phase AC voltage in accordance with a control command from the control device 6. Control the rotational torque generated by each motor.
- the control device 6 detects the amount of operation of an acceleration operation member (accelerator, etc.) provided in the vehicle, and provides control information such as an acceleration request value (for example, a required power generation amount from a load device such as a traction motor 64). In response, the operation of various devices in the system is controlled.
- the load device is an auxiliary device required to operate the fuel cell 2 (for example, a motor for the air compressor 14 and the hydrogen pump 24), and is involved in the running of the vehicle. It is a collective term for power consumption devices including actuators used in various devices (transmissions, wheel control devices, steering devices, suspension devices, etc.), air conditioners (air conditioners) for passenger spaces, lighting, audio, etc.
- the control device 6 is configured by a computer system not shown.
- a computer system includes a CPU, ROM, RAM, HDD, input / output interface, display, and the like.
- Various control programs recorded in the ROM are read and executed by the CPU, and various controls are performed. Operation is realized.
- the control device 6 calculates a current command value (target current value) of the fuel cell 2 based on an accelerator operation amount detected by an accelerator sensor (not shown). Then, the control device 6 drives and controls the air conditioner pressure 14 and the on-off valve 28 based on the calculated current command value, so that the reaction gas supplied to the fuel cell 2 (air and oxidization gas and Adjust the flow rate of hydrogen gas as fuel gas. Thereby, the control device 6 generates power according to the required power generation amount from the load device.
- the operation mode in which the fuel cell 2 continuously generates power for supplying power to the load device is referred to as a normal operation mode.
- the normal operation mode corresponds to the power generation state in the present invention.
- control device 6 has a water content of the fuel cell 2 detected using the water content sensor 2a that is less than a predetermined threshold value, and a stored amount of the battery 6 2 detected using the SOC sensor 6 2a.
- the current command value is the water balance zero current value I when it is less than the predetermined threshold.
- the control device 6 detects that the water content of the fuel cell 2 detected using the water content sensor 2a is less than a predetermined threshold value, and that the storage amount of the battery 6 2 detected using the SOC sensor 6 2a is When the value is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, it is determined whether or not the current command value is less than the water balance zero current value. Then, the control device 6, when the current command value is determined to be below the water balance zero current value I Q, the operation mode of the fuel cell 2 shifts from the normal operation mode to the intermittent operation mode. As a result, Since the supply of air to the fuel cell 2 by driving the compressor 14 can be temporarily stopped, overdrying of the fuel cell 2 can be suppressed.
- the control device 6 of the fuel cell system 1 determines whether or not the water content of the fuel cell 2 detected using the water content sensor 2 a is less than a predetermined threshold (water content determination step: S 1 ) When a positive determination is obtained, it is determined whether or not the storage amount of the battery 62 detected using the 300 sensor 6 2 3 is less than a predetermined threshold (storage amount determination step: S 2). State The control device 6, the storage amount determining step S 2, when the storage amount of the battery 6 2 is determined to be less than a predetermined threshold, which sets the current command value to the water balance zero or more current I Q To maintain the normal operation mode (power generation adjustment process: S 3).
- the current determination step S4 corresponds to the first step in the present invention
- the intermittent ON step S5 corresponds to the second step in the present invention
- the power generation amount adjusting step S3 corresponds to the third step in the present invention.
- the fuel cell 2 is dried (the water content is less than the predetermined threshold value), and the charge amount of the battery 6 2 is relatively large (greater than the predetermined threshold value). and a current instruction value (which is below the water balance zero current value 1 0) low when the operation mode of the fuel cell 2 can be shifted to the intermittent operation mode from the normal operation mode. Therefore, even in a system in which the air flow rate supplied from the air compressor 14 cannot be set below the predetermined lower limit flow rate due to mechanical restrictions, the air compressor 1 is used under conditions that allow the fuel cell 2 to dry. 4 can be automatically stopped, and the supply of air to the fuel cell 2 can be temporarily stopped. As a result, overdrying of the fuel cell 2 can be suppressed.
- the fuel cell 2 is dry (the water content is less than the predetermined threshold value), and the charge amount of the battery 6 2 is small (less than the predetermined threshold value).
- the normal operation mode of the fuel cell 2 can be maintained with the current command value set to a water balance zero current value of 10 or more. Accordingly, overdrying of the fuel cell 2 can be suppressed, and charging of the battery 6 2 can be realized.
- the normal operation mode when the fuel cell is dry and the battery charge is small, the normal operation mode is maintained with the current command value set to “water balance zero current value I.”.
- the normal operation mode is maintained with the current command value set to ⁇ the current value at the maximum efficiency point of the fuel cell system ''. You can also. In this way, overdrying of the fuel cell can be more reliably suppressed.
- a water content sensor that detects the water content of the fuel cell is employed.
- the configuration of the water content sensor and the water content threshold determination method are not particularly limited. For example, when a resistance sensor that detects the resistance value (impedance) of a fuel cell is provided and the resistance value detected by this resistance sensor increases and exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the water content of the fuel cell is less than the predetermined threshold value. It is possible to adopt a configuration (method) for determining that the product has been established.
- the fuel cell system according to the present invention can be mounted on a fuel cell vehicle as shown in the above embodiment, and can also be mounted on various mobile bodies (robots, ships, aircrafts, etc.) other than the fuel cell vehicle. It is. Further, the fuel cell system according to the present invention may be applied to a stationary power generation system used as a power generation facility for a building (house, building, etc.).
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020107000928A KR101135654B1 (ko) | 2007-07-17 | 2008-07-17 | 연료전지시스템 및 그 제어방법 |
US12/664,852 US8394517B2 (en) | 2007-07-17 | 2008-07-17 | Fuel cell system and control method of the system |
DE112008001827.8T DE112008001827B4 (de) | 2007-07-17 | 2008-07-17 | Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zu seiner Steuerung |
CN2008800249746A CN101755355B (zh) | 2007-07-17 | 2008-07-17 | 燃料电池系统及其控制方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2007-185921 | 2007-07-17 | ||
JP2007185921A JP4930846B2 (ja) | 2007-07-17 | 2007-07-17 | 燃料電池システム及びその制御方法 |
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WO2009011456A1 true WO2009011456A1 (ja) | 2009-01-22 |
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PCT/JP2008/063331 WO2009011456A1 (ja) | 2007-07-17 | 2008-07-17 | 燃料電池システム及びその制御方法 |
Country Status (6)
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US (1) | US8394517B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4930846B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101135654B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101755355B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112008001827B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009011456A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (11)
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JP5359621B2 (ja) * | 2009-07-03 | 2013-12-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよびその制御方法 |
JP5510060B2 (ja) * | 2010-05-20 | 2014-06-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
DE102012203219A1 (de) * | 2012-03-01 | 2013-09-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren für den Betrieb eines Antriebssystems |
JP5924996B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-15 | 2016-05-25 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 固体高分子形燃料電池の運転方法 |
JP5808774B2 (ja) * | 2013-06-03 | 2015-11-10 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 車両に搭載される燃料電池システム |
GB2524973A (en) | 2014-04-07 | 2015-10-14 | Intelligent Energy Ltd | Power supply apparatus |
CA2998301C (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2019-03-12 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Control device for fuel cell system and control method for fuel cell system |
CN108370046B (zh) * | 2015-12-10 | 2019-03-29 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统的控制方法以及燃料电池系统 |
JP6258378B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-26 | 2018-01-10 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
CN107358981B (zh) * | 2017-07-31 | 2023-03-14 | 重庆宙盾新能源技术开发有限公司 | 一种镍氢水能源燃料发电系统 |
JP6958419B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-22 | 2021-11-02 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよびその制御方法 |
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2008
- 2008-07-17 CN CN2008800249746A patent/CN101755355B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-07-17 KR KR1020107000928A patent/KR101135654B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-07-17 DE DE112008001827.8T patent/DE112008001827B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-07-17 WO PCT/JP2008/063331 patent/WO2009011456A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2008-07-17 US US12/664,852 patent/US8394517B2/en active Active
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JP2004172028A (ja) * | 2002-11-22 | 2004-06-17 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム、およびこれを搭載した移動体、および燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE112008001827T5 (de) | 2010-05-12 |
CN101755355B (zh) | 2012-12-26 |
US8394517B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 |
JP2009026496A (ja) | 2009-02-05 |
US20100173210A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
KR20100020525A (ko) | 2010-02-22 |
CN101755355A (zh) | 2010-06-23 |
KR101135654B1 (ko) | 2012-04-13 |
JP4930846B2 (ja) | 2012-05-16 |
DE112008001827B4 (de) | 2018-06-14 |
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