WO2008148269A1 - Médicament anti-tumoral contenant des dérivés d'acide bétulinique - Google Patents

Médicament anti-tumoral contenant des dérivés d'acide bétulinique Download PDF

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WO2008148269A1
WO2008148269A1 PCT/CN2007/003771 CN2007003771W WO2008148269A1 WO 2008148269 A1 WO2008148269 A1 WO 2008148269A1 CN 2007003771 W CN2007003771 W CN 2007003771W WO 2008148269 A1 WO2008148269 A1 WO 2008148269A1
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compound
tumor
acid
human
deoxy
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PCT/CN2007/003771
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French (fr)
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Nan Zhang
Rihui Qiu
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Zhong, Rong
Calderwood, Stuart, K.
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/56Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents

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  • the present invention relates to an antitumor drug, and more particularly to an antitumor drug comprising as an active ingredient a betulinic acid derivative 3-deoxy-3-carbonyl-dihydrocetanoic acid or 3-deoxy-3-carbonyl-cetanoic acid.
  • Birch acid also known as betulinic acid, is a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound, English name is Betulinic acid, chemical name is 3 ⁇ -hydroxy-lup-20(29)-ene-28-oic acid, and its molecular formula is C 3 ( ) H 48 0 3, a molecular weight of 456.71, betulinic acid chemical structural formula as follows:
  • betulinic acid there are several biological sources of betulinic acid, such as recrystallization from the extract of rose apple leaves and bark of bark; it can also be obtained by chemical synthesis using betulin as a raw material.
  • Birch acid is a colorless crystal with a melting point of 316 to 318 °C.
  • Betulinic acid has many biological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory and anti-malarial effects in vitro, and has a certain selective cytotoxicity and a good therapeutic index for tumor cells, even reaching 500mg/kg. When there is no obvious Toxic reaction. In the mid-1990s, it was found that betulinic acid can selectively kill human melanoma cells without killing healthy cells.
  • betulinic acid also inhibits malignant tumor cells such as brain tumors, neuroectodermal tumors, and leukemia (Chou Yingxia et al., Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2005, 06, p. 6; Xu Ping et al., Chinese Pharmacist, 2006 02 Li Dan et al., Progress in Pharmacy, 2004, 03 (page 15).
  • betulinic acid The anti-tumor mechanism of betulinic acid is thought to reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential of tumor cells, cause changes in intracellular mitochondrial permeability, and finally lead to apoptosis. In addition, it up-regulates the expression of p53 protein in tumor cell membrane and changes the membranes of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ .
  • - ATPase activity related Basu S, et al., Glycoconj J. 2004; 20(9): 563-77; Wick W, et al., Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Jun; 289(3): 1306-12
  • 23-hydroxy betulinic acid extracted from traditional Chinese medicine is a derivative of betulinic acid (Ye Yinying et al., Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology and Rehabilitation, 2000, 01, 52; Cheng Yan et al., Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin, 2007, 03, p. 48) . It has anti-tumor effect on melanoma cells, and low-dose (20 ⁇ 40 ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ 1 treatment for 48 hours) induces cell differentiation, and the cell morphology changes from accumulation to tiling, which is similar to the morphological change of melanoma cells induced by sodium phenylacetate. Polar growth. The mice were treated with 300 ⁇ 600mg/kg drug for the treatment of transplanted melanoma. After FCM detection, a large number of cells were arrested in the ⁇ period, and the number of cells entering the S phase was reduced, which reduced the DNA synthesis ability of the cells, thereby making the tumor The size is reduced.
  • the present inventors discovered two betulinic acid derivatives in the research work, which can be used as a new anti-tumor drug.
  • Summary of the invention provides an antitumor drug containing a betulinic acid derivative, which is a betulinic acid derivative 3-deoxy-3-carbonyl-dihydrocetanoic acid (Compound A) or 3-deoxy-3-carbonyl-cetanoic acid ( Compound B) is an antitumor drug as an active ingredient.
  • the antitumor drug contains an antitumor effective amount of Compound A or Compound B together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or excipient.
  • the present inventors have experimentally proved that two betulinic acid derivatives, Compound A or Compound B, can broadly inhibit the growth of various types of human tumor cell lines and further induce tumor cell apoptosis.
  • 3-deoxy-3-carbonyl-dihydrocedaric acid and 3-deoxy-3-carbonyl-cetanoic acid have proven to be potent antitumor agents that strongly inhibit human melanoma. Malignant gliomas, prostate cancer, lung cancer and colon cancer cells grow in the body.
  • 3-Deoxy-3-carbonyl-dihydrocedaric acid and 3-deoxy-3-carbonyl-cetanoic acid have great potential to be developed as new broad-spectrum anti-tumor drugs.
  • Compound A (3-deoxy-3-carbonyl-dihydrobelovic acid), the English name 3-deoxy-3-oxo-dihydrobetulinic acid, has a molecular formula of C 3 . 3 ⁇ 4 8 0 3 , molecular weight is 456.71.
  • Compound B (3-deoxy-3-carbonyl-cetanoic acid), the English name 3-deoxy-3-oxo-betulinic acid, has the formula C 3 .
  • H 46 0 3 molecular weight is 454.71.
  • the preparation method of compound A includes the following three steps -
  • Birch acid, benzyl bromide and anhydrous acetone containing potassium carbonate are reacted at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain 28-0-benzyl-cetanoic acid;
  • 28-0-Benzyl-3-deoxy-3-carbonyl-dihydrobelovic acid is hydrogenated in ethyl acetate, and reacted at room temperature for 18 hours via a %Pd-C catalyst to obtain 3-deoxy-3-carbonyl- Dihydrochaperic acid.
  • Compound B (3-deoxy-3-carbonyl-cetanoic acid) preparation method
  • the betulinic acid, the pyridinium chlorochromate and the potassium chloride-containing dichloromethane are reacted at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain 3-deoxy-3-methyl-cetanoic acid.
  • Cytotoxicity assays were performed using human tumor cell lines. Thirty-one tumor cell lines were cultured in a normal medium containing different concentrations of Compound A or Compound B, and cell survival was measured by MTT method 3 days later. The results (Table 1) show that most human tumor cells are sensitive to Compound A and Compound B. Some tumor cells have an EC50 (half lethal dose) of less than 1 m for both compounds. However, normal human mammary epithelial cells (MCFlOa) and normal mouse fibroblasts (MEF) are not sensitive to Compound A or Compound B, and even if the concentration of these two compounds is as high as 30 m, these cells still grow well. In vitro tests have shown that Compound A or Compound B can inhibit human tumor cell lines extensively, but has no effect on normal cell lines.
  • human tumor-transplanted nude mice (subcutaneous vaccination) were used to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of Compound A or Compound B, and the tumor cells tested included human prostate cancer cells LnCAP.
  • the results ( Figure 1-5) show that Compound A strongly produces these 5 swollen Tumor growth, with TGI values of 2%, 0%, 3.5%, 0% and 0%, respectively.
  • Compound B inhibited the growth of these 5 tumors with TGI values of 20.5%, 46%, 40%, 60% and 67%, respectively. At the same time, Compound A or Compound B was not found to have significant side effects, including changes in body weight. These data indicate that Compound A or Compound B can significantly inhibit tumor growth in vivo and is a good candidate compound for the development of new anti-tumor drugs.
  • test mice were subjected to pathological analysis after sacrifice. The results showed that no toxicity was observed in Compound A or Compound B administered in a single dose of 500 mg/kg and multiple doses of 200 mg/kg (QDX 15), and all the mice grew well without death.
  • Compound A or Compound B can maintain a certain drug concentration in mice, which is helpful for anti-tumor effect; Acute toxicity test on mice after administration of Compound A or Compound B also showed no observation. To toxicity, all tested mice grew well and none died. Therefore, the betulinic acid derivative Compound A or Compound B is an effective broad-spectrum antitumor drug with great development prospects.
  • Compound A or Compound B can be used as a drug substance for antitumor drugs, preferably as a drug substance for anti-malignant solid tumor drugs, and Compound A or Compound B can also be used as an anti-tumor drug with usual pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and/or excipients. .
  • the usual pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and/or excipients such as cereal oil, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the like.
  • the general oral effective dose of Compound A is 150 mg/body surface area m 3 per day for three consecutive weeks, and one week of rest is a course of treatment.
  • the effective oral dose of Compound B is 450mg/body per day.
  • the compound strontium or compound ⁇ is administered orally once a day for half an hour after breakfast, and the specific case can be adjusted by the physician according to the condition.
  • Fig. 1 is a graph showing the tumor volume-day-transplantation days of a compound A group, a compound B group, and a control group for subcutaneously inoculated human prostate cancer (LnCAP) tumors.
  • LnCAP subcutaneously inoculated human prostate cancer
  • Figure 2 is a graph showing the tumor volume-days after transplantation of the human lung cancer (NCI-H23) tumors in the compound group A, the compound group B, and the control group.
  • Fig. 3 is a graph showing the tumor volume-day-transplantation days of the compound A group, the compound B group, and the control group for the subcutaneously inoculated human colon cancer HCT-l 16) tumor.
  • Figure 4 is a graph showing the tumor volume-days after transplantation of a group of Compound A, Compound B, and a control group for subcutaneously inoculated human melanoma (G-361) tumors.
  • Figure 5 is a graph showing the tumor volume-days after transplantation of a human malignant glioma (U-251) tumor treated subcutaneously in the compound A group, the compound B group, and the control group.
  • Cytotoxicity assays were performed using human tumor cell lines.
  • Human tumor cell lines were purchased from ATCC (American Cell, Strain Bank) and NCI (National Cancer Institute), using DMEM containing 10% FBS (fetal calf serum) in a 5% COj 37 ° C incubator Cultivate. Confluent cells were digested with trypsin, washed after washing with culture medium and counted. 3000 to 6000 cells were added to each well of a '96-well culture plate, and incubated for 16 hours or 24 hours. Then add different to the hole The concentration of Compound A or Compound B was further cultured for 72 hours, and the drug-treated group cells and the control group cells were subjected to MTT (tetrazolium blue) test, and the results are shown in Table 1.
  • MTT tetrazolium blue
  • T cell deficient nude mice (dish/mi), male, 6 weeks old, purchased from Charles River Laboratories, were housed in a pathogen free environment according to the guidelines of the University Animal Words and Use Committee. 5 ⁇ 10 6 LNCaP, NCI-H23, HCT-116, G-36K U-251 cells were suspended in 0.2 ml HBSS (Hanks' balanced salt solution) or Matrigel (50:50, v/v), respectively. Subcutaneously inoculated into the lateral abdomen area of the mouse.
  • mice having a tumor size of 100 to 200 mm 3 were selected and divided into a treatment group in which Compound A or Compound B formulated with corn oil was administered and a control group in which only vehicle (corn oil) was administered.
  • a treatment group in which Compound A or Compound B formulated with corn oil was administered
  • a control group in which only vehicle (corn oil) was administered.
  • the mice were divided into three categories - small tumor volume (length ⁇ 4 mm), medium tumor volume (4 to 8 mm), and large tumor volume. (>8mm).
  • the number of mice from the same category in the Compound A or Compound B treatment group was approximately equal.
  • Tumors were measured in two perpendicular directions every 3 to 4 days. Tumor volume is calculated according to the following formula:
  • V (a 2 Xb)/2
  • the relative tumor volume (RTV) of each tumor is defined as the ratio of the tumor volume at a given time point to the tumor volume at the beginning of the treatment. The average was calculated for each treatment group.
  • the tumor growth inhibition value (TGI) was calculated according to the following formula to determine the antitumor activity:
  • TGI (%) T / CX 100
  • T is the mean of the RTV of the treatment group end point (4 weeks) and C is the mean of the RTV of the control group end point.
  • the National Cancer Institute's minimum anti-tumor activity standard (T/C 42%) was used.
  • T/C National Cancer Institute's minimum anti-tumor activity standard
  • the tumor was excised and fixed in formaldehyde for histological observation.
  • the test results are shown in Figure 1 - Figure 5.
  • Pharmacokinetic assay of Compound A or Compound B in mice see Singh ss et al., J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2004 Nov 25; 811(2): 209-15

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Description

含有白桦酸衍生物的抗肿瘤药物 技术领域
本发明涉及抗肿瘤药物, 具体是关于一种以白桦酸衍生物 3-脱氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸或 3-脱氧 -3-羰基 -白桦酸作为有效成分的抗肿瘤药 物。 背景技术
白桦酸, 又名桦木酸, 是五环三萜类化合物, 英文名称为 Betulinic acid,化学名为 3 β -hydroxy-lup-20(29)-ene-28-oic acid, 其分子式为 C3()H4803, 分子量为 456.71, 白桦酸的化学结构式如下:
Figure imgf000002_0001
白桦酸有几种生物来源,如从蒲桃树叶、白桦树皮乙醇萃取物进行 重结晶提取; 也可以用白桦脂醇为原料通过化学合成得到。 白桦酸是一 种无色结晶,熔点 316〜318°C。 白桦酸具有抗肿瘤、抗艾滋病病毒、抗 炎和体外抗疟病作用等多种生物活性,并对肿瘤细胞具有一 '定的选择性 细胞毒性及其较好的治疗指数, 甚至达到 500mg/kg时, 也没有明显的 毒性反应。九十年代中期经研究发现白桦酸可以选择性地杀死人类黑色 素瘤细胞而不杀伤健康细胞。另外近期的研究表明白桦酸对脑瘤、神经 外胚层瘤、 白血病等恶性肿瘤细胞也有抑制作用(周映霞等, 中国药学 杂志, 2005年 06期第 6页; 徐萍等, 中国药师, 2006年 02期; 李丹 等, 药学进展, 2004年 03期第 15页)。
白桦酸抗肿瘤作用机制认为是降低肿瘤细胞线粒体膜电位,引起细 胞内线粒体通透性改变,最后导致细胞凋亡,另外与其上调肿瘤细胞膜 p53蛋白的表达, 改变肿瘤细胞膜 Ca2+、 Mg2+-ATP酶活性有关(Basu S,et al., Glycoconj J. 2004; 20(9):563-77; Wick W, et al., Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Jun; 289(3):1306-12)o
中药提取的 23-羟基桦木酸是一种白桦酸衍生物 (叶银英等, 中国 肿瘤临床与康复, 2000年 01期第 52页; 程燕等, 中国药理学通报, 2007年 03期第 48页)。 它对黑色素瘤细胞抗肿瘤作用, 低剂量(20〜 40μ§/ιη1处理 48小时) 诱导细胞分化, 细胞形态由堆积变为平铺, 与 苯乙酸钠诱导黑色素瘤细胞形态变化类似,呈一定的极性生长。小鼠用 300〜600mg/kg药物灌胃治疗移植的黑色素瘤, 经 FCM检测发现大量 的细胞被阻滞在 Οο〜 期, 进入 S期的细胞数量减少, 使细胞 DNA 合成能力降低、 从而使肿瘤体积缩小。
本发明人在研究工作中发现了两个白桦酸衍生物,可幵发成新的抗 肿瘤药物。 发明内容 本发明提供一种含有白桦酸衍生物的抗肿瘤药物,它是以白桦酸衍 生物 3-脱氧 -3-羰基 -二氢白桦酸 (化合物 A) 或 3-脱氧 -3-羰基-白桦酸 (化合物 B)作为有效成分的抗肿瘤药物。抗肿瘤药物中含有抗肿瘤有 效量的化合物 A或化合物 B及可药用载体和 /或赋形剂。
本发明人通过试验证明二个白桦酸衍生物化合物 A或化合物 B能 广泛抑制多种类型的人肿瘤细胞系生长, 并进一步诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。 在人肿瘤异种移植模型研究中, 3-脱氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸和 3-脱氧 -3- 羰基 -白桦酸被证明是一种有效的抗肿瘤剂, 能强烈抑制人黑色素瘤, 恶性神经胶质瘤,前列腺癌,肺癌和结肠癌细胞在体内生长。 3-脱氧 -3- 羰基-二氢白桦酸和 3-脱氧 -3-羰基-白桦酸具有被开发成为新的广谱抗 肿瘤药物的巨大潜力。
化合物 A (3-脱氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸), 英文名称 3-deoxy-3-oxo- dihydrobetulinic acid,其分子式为 C3。¾803,分子量为 456.71。
化合物 B ( 3-脱氧 -3-羰基 -白桦酸), 英文名称 3-deoxy-3-oxo- betulinic acid,其分子式为 C3。H4603,分子量为 454.71。
化合物 A和化合物 B的化学结构式如下所示
Figure imgf000004_0001
化合物 A
Figure imgf000005_0001
化合物 B 化合物 A和化合物 B的制备(参见文献 HasMngmoto Fumio et al, Bioorganic & Medical Chemistry, 1997, 5(12):2133-2143)0
化合物 A的制备方法, 包括下列 3个步骤-
(1) 28-0-苄基 -白桦酸制备
白桦酸,溴化苄和含碳酸钾的无水丙酮在室温下反应 2小时,制得 28-0-苄基-白桦酸;
(2) 28-0-苄基 -3-脱氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸制备
28-0-苄基-白桦酸, 氯铬酸吡啶盐和含碳酸钾的二氯甲烷在室温下 反应 2小时, 制得 28-0-苄基 -3-脱氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸;
(3) 3-脱氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸制备
28-0-苄基 -3-脱氧 -3-羰基 -二氢白桦酸在乙酸乙酯中加氢, 经 %Pd-C催化剂在室温下反应 18小时,制得 3-脱氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸。
化合物 B (3-脱氧 -3-羰基-白桦酸) 制备方法 白桦酸, 氯铬酸吡啶盐和含碳酸钾的二氯甲烷在室温下反应 2 小 时, 制得 3-脱氧 -3-幾基-白桦酸。
白桦酸衍生物化合物 A和化合物 B的药理试验
1.体外试验
使用人肿瘤细胞系进行细胞毒性试验。 在含有不同浓度化合物 A 或化合物 B的正常培养基中培养 31种肿瘤细胞株, 3天后应用 MTT 法测定细胞存活情况。 结果(表 1 )显示大多数人体肿瘤细胞对化合物 A和化合物 B敏感。有些肿瘤细胞对这两种化合物的 EC50 (半数致死 量)低于 l m。 但是, 正常人乳腺上皮细胞 (MCFlOa) 和正常小鼠 成纤维细胞 (MEF)对化合物 A或化合物 B不敏感, 即便这两种化合物 的浓度高达 30 m, 这些细胞仍然生长良好。 体外试验证明化合物 A 或化合物 B能广泛抑制人体肿瘤细胞株, 但对正常细胞株没有作用。
表 1 化合物 A或化合物 B体外抑制人肿瘤细胞生长 化合物 A 化合物 Β
人肿瘤细胞株 细胞类型
半数致死量(μ Μ) 半数致死量(μ Μ)
LnCAP 前列腺 0. 029 0. 61
D145 前列腺 0. 074 0. 87
PC3 前列腺 0. 067 0. 93
HCT-116 结肠 0. 018 0. 72
Widr 结肠 0. 038 1. 23
HT29 结肠 0. 063 1. 2
LoVo 结肠 0. 056 0. 95
CCL-225 结肠 0. 061 2. 3
CCL-247 结肠 0. 075 ' 2. 1 ·
NCI-H23 肺 0. 022 0. 65 · A549 肺 0. 043 1. 2
MDA-MB-231 乳腺 0. 089 1. 5
扉- MB - 435 乳腺 0. 092 1. 8
AU-565 乳腺 0. 037 0. 86 ·
BT-549 乳腺 0. 053 2. 1
MCF-7 乳腺 0. 068 0. 95
Caki-1 肾 1. 5
ACHN 肾 0. 086 2. 6
786-0 肾 0. 12 2. 3
SN12C 肾 0. 23 5. 3
SK0V3 卵巢 0. 078 0. 86
IGR0V1 卵巢 ο 0. 083 0. 79
Mid PaCa-2 胰腺 0. 035 0. 87
U-251 恶性胶质瘤 0. 021 0. 56
SK-MEL-5 皮肤 (黑色素瘤) 0. 023 0. 67
G-361 皮肤 (黑色素瘤) 0. 025 0. 72
MCF-lOa 正常人乳腺上皮细胞 〉30 >30
SGC-7901 胃 0. 045 0. 87
EC109 食管 0. 079 0. 91
CNE-2Z 鼻咽 0. 092 0. 88
Raji 淋巴瘤 0. 025 0. 57
Jurkat 白血病 T细胞 0. 033 0. 73
MEF 正常小鼠成纤维细胞 >30 〉30
2. 应用人肿瘤移植裸鼠模型进行化合物或化合物 Β 的抗肿瘤有 效性试验
在化合物 Α或化合物 B有效抑制多种肿瘤细胞体外增殖的基础上, 应用人肿瘤移植裸鼠 (皮下接种)评价化合物 A或化合物 B的抗肿瘤 作用, 受试的肿瘤细胞包括人前列腺癌细胞 LnCAP, 人肺癌细胞 NCI-H23,人结肠癌细胞 HCT-116,人黑色素瘤细胞 G-361和人恶性神经 胶质瘤细胞 U-251。 结果(图 1-5)显示, 化合物 A强烈 制这 5种肿 瘤生长,其 TGI值分别为 2%, 0%, 3.5%, 0%和0%。化合物 B抑制这 5 种肿瘤生长, 其 TGI值分别为 20.5%, 46%, 40%, 60%和 67%。 同时未 发现化合物 A或化合物 B具有明显的副作用, 包括体重的变化。 这些 数据表明化合物 A或化合物 B能明显抑制体内肿瘤生长, 是开发新的 抗肿瘤药物很好的候选化合物。
此外还进行下列试验:
化合物 A或化合物 B在小鼠体内的药代动力学试验
口饲给药的化合物 A或化合物 B在 4个小鼠体内的药代动力学参 数见表 2和表 3。 这些实验数据表明化合物 A或化合物 B能在体内保 持一定的药物浓度, 有利于抗肿瘤的效果。
化合物 A在小鼠体内的药代动力学参数
Figure imgf000008_0001
化合物 B在小鼠体内的药代动力学参数
药代动力学参数 均数 +/-标准差
Tl/2 (hour) 11.5 +/- 0.8
Tmax (min) 80 +/-8 Cmax (uM) 55 +/- 6 化合物 A或化合物 B给药后对小鼠的急性毒性试验
受试小鼠处死后进行病理分析。 结果显示, 以单次剂量 500mg/kg 和多次剂量 200mg/kg (QDX 15)给予化合物 A或化合物 B, 均未观察 到毒性, 所有受试小鼠生长良好, 无一死亡。
由以上药理试验的效果证明, 白桦酸衍生物化合物 A或化合物 B 对 31种肿瘤细胞株的细胞毒性试验结果显示有广谱的抗肿瘤作用; 在 人肿瘤移植裸鼠模型试验中, 化合物 A或化合物 B都显示出对人前列 腺癌细胞 LnCAP、 人肺癌细胞 NCI-H23、 人结肠癌细胞 HCT-116、 人 黑色素瘤细胞 G-361和人恶性神经胶质瘤细胞 U-251有强烈的抑制肿 瘤生长的作用。同时未显示有明显的副作用。此外药代动力学试验也显 示化合物 A或化合物 B在小鼠体内能保持一定的药物浓度, 有助于抗 肿瘤效果; 化合物 A或化合物 B给药后对小鼠的急性毒性试验也显示 未观察到毒性,所有受试小鼠生长良好, 无一死亡。因此白桦酸衍生物 化合物 A或化合物 B是一种有效的具有很大开发前景的广谱抗肿瘤新 药。 化合物 A或化合物 B可作为抗肿瘤药物的原料药, 优先作为抗恶 性实体瘤药物的原料药, 化合物 A或化合物 B也可与通常的可药用载 体和 /或赋形剂制成抗肿瘤药物。 所述通常的可药用载体和 /或赋形剂, 例如谷物油, 羧甲基纤维素钠等。
化合物 A—般口服有效剂量为每天 150mg/体表面积 m3,连续三 周, 休息一周为一疗程。 化合物 B—般口服有效剂量为每天 450mg/体 表面积 πι3, 连续三周, 休息一周为一疗程。化合物 Α或化合物 Β每天 总剂量一次于早餐后半小时口服, 具体病例可由医师根据病情调整。 附图说明
图 1是化合物 A组, 化合物 B组, 对照组治疗皮下接种的人前列 腺癌 (LnCAP)肿瘤的肿瘤体积-移植后天数曲线图。
图 2是化合物 A组, 化合物 B组, 对照组治疗皮下接种的人肺癌 (NCI-H23)肿瘤的肿瘤体积-移植后天数曲线图。
图 3是化合物 A组, 化合物 B组, 对照组治疗皮下接种的人结肠 癌HCT-l 16)肿瘤的肿瘤体积-移植后天数曲线图。
图 4是化合物 A组, 化合物 B组, 对照组治疗皮下接种的人黑色 素瘤 (G-361)肿瘤的肿瘤体积-移植后天数曲线图。
图 5是化合物 A组, 化合物 B组, 对照组治疗皮下接种的人恶性 神经胶质瘤 (U-251)肿瘤的肿瘤体积-移植后天数曲线图。 具体实施方式
实施例 1
化合物 A ( 3-脱氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸) 的制备 (参见文献 Hashingmoto Fumio等 Bioorganic & Medical Chemistry, 1997, 5(12): 2133-2143)。 在室温下反应 2小时, 制得 207mg 28-0-苄基-白桦酸;
(2) 28-0-节基 -3-脱氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸制备
304. lmg 28-0-苄基-白桦酸, 300mg氯铬酸吡啶盐和含 lOOmg碳酸 钾的 5ml二氯甲烷在室温下反应 2小时,制得 281mg 28-0-苄基 -3-脱氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸;
(3) 3-脱氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸制备
223mg 28-0-苄基 -3-脱氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸在 100ml乙酸乙酯中 加氢, 经 5%Pd-C催化剂在室温下反应 18小时, 制得产物 210mg 3-脱 氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸, 为无色针状, mp为 265-267°C。
实施例 2
化合物 B (3-脱氧 -3-羰基-白桦酸) 的制备
50mg白桦酸, 60mg氯铬酸吡啶盐和含 lOOmg碳酸钾的 5ml二氯 甲烷在室温下反应 2小时, 制得产物 45mg3-脱氧 -3-羰基-白桦酸, 为无 色针状, mp为 232-233°C。
实施例 3
细胞毒性试验 (参见 Carmichael J et al., Cancer Research, 1987, 47: 943-946)
使用人肿瘤细胞系进行细胞毒性分析。人肿瘤细胞系购自 ATCC (美 国细胞、 菌种库)和 NCI (美国国立癌症研究所), 用含 10%FBS (胎牛 血清) 的 DMEM培养液, 在含 5% COj 37°C孵箱中培养。 用胰蛋白 酶消化汇合的细胞, 经培养液洗涤后计数。 向 '96孔培养板的每孔中加 入 3000〜6000个细胞, 孵育 16小时或 24小时。 然后向孔内加入不同 浓度的化合物 A或化合物 B,继续培养 72小时后, 对药物处理组细胞 和对照组细胞进行 MTT (四氮唑蓝)试验, 结果见表 1。
实施例 4
应用人肿瘤移植裸鼠模型进行化合物 A或化合物 B的抗肿瘤有效 性试验
(1)建立人肿瘤移植裸鼠模型 (参见 Harrison SD Jr et al., J Natl Cancer Inst, 1991, 83(20): 1509)
T细胞缺陷裸小鼠 (皿 /mi), 雄性, 6周龄, 购自 Charles River实 验室, 按照大学动物词养和使用委员会指南饲养于无病原体环境。将 5 X 106个 LNCaP、 NCI-H23, HCT-116, G-36K U-251细胞分别悬浮于 0.2ml HBSS(Hanks'平衡盐溶液)或基质胶 (50:50,v/v) 中, 皮下接种到 小鼠的侧腹部区域。 当肿瘤平均直径达 7〜8mm时, 选出肿瘤大小为 100〜200mm3的小鼠, 分为给予玉米油配制的化合物 A或化合物 B的 处理组和只给予载体(玉米油)的对照组。为保证化合物 A或化合物 B 处理组和对照组在处理开始时肿瘤体积分布大致相等, 将小鼠分成三 类- 肿瘤体积小 (长度 <4mm), 肿瘤体积中等 (4〜8mm), 肿瘤体积 大 (〉8mm)。 对照组,化合物 A或化合物 B处理组中来自相同类别的 小鼠数目大致相等。
(2)裸小鼠肿瘤移植模型的给药(化合物或化合物 B)
在口服给药试验中, 将化合物 A(30mg/kg)或化合物 B(100mg/kg) 溶解于玉米油中。 每日灌词给予单次剂量.200μ1药液 (用玉米油配制,' 含 0.75mg化合物 A或 2.5mg化合物 B) ,每周 5次,持续 3周; 对照组 按同样方法给予载体(玉米油)。 小鼠单独词养, 允许自由采食。
(3)抗肿瘤效应评价
每 3〜4天沿两个垂直方向对肿瘤进行测量。 肿瘤体积根据以下公 式计算:
V= (a2Xb)/2
其中 a是肿瘤宽度(较小直径), b是长度(较大直径)。 每个肿瘤 的相对肿瘤体积(RTV)定义为给定时间点的肿瘤体积与处理开始时肿 瘤体积的比值。每个处理组均计算平均值。根据以下公式计算肿瘤生长 抑制值(TGI), 判断抗肿瘤活性:
TGI(%)=T/CX 100
其中 T是处理组试验终点(4周) RTV的平均值, C是对照组试验 终点 RTV的平均值。 采用美国国立癌症研究所的最小抗肿瘤活性标准 (T/C 42%)。试验结束时, 将肿瘤切除并在甲醛中固定, 进行组织学 观察。 试验结果见图 1-图 5。 化合物 A或化合物 B在小鼠体内的药代动力学试验(参见 Singh ss et al., J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2004 Nov 25; 811(2):209-15)
取 4只 8周龄 BlebC小鼠 (2只雄性和 2只雌性),单次剂量 100mg/kg 给予化合物 A或化合物8。 分别于给药后 0.5、 1、 3、 6、 12、 24、 48、 72小时, 经眼静脉取血并制得血浆, 测定给予化合物 A'或化合物 B 的血浆浓度。 口饲给药的化合物 A或化合物 B在小鼠体内的药代动力 学参数见表 2和表 3, 这些实验数据说明化合物 A或化合物 B能在体 内保持一定的药物浓度。
实施例 6
给药后化合物 A或化合物 B对小鼠的急性毒性试验 (参见 Goldberg LE et al., Preclinical toxicological study of the new antibiotic eremomycin Its acute toxicity for laboratory animals, Antibiot Med Biotekhnol. 1987, 32(12):910-5)
取两组 8周齢的 BlabC小鼠, 每组 10只(5只雄性和 5只雌性), 分别以单次剂量 500mg/kg和多次剂量 200mg/kg (QDX 15)给予化合 物 A或化合物 B (用玉米油配制), 然后分别观察 1周和 4周。 每两天 称体重。试验结束后, 将受试小鼠处死, 进行病理分析。 结果显示, 以 单次剂量 500mg/Kg和多次剂量 200mg/kg (QDX 15)给予化合物 A或 化合物 B, 均未观察到毒性,所有受试小鼠生长良好,无一死亡。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种抗肿瘤药物, 其特征在于该抗肿瘤药物是以白桦酸^1生物 3-脱氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸或 3-脱氧 -3-羰基-白桦酸作为有效成分。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的抗肿瘤药物, 其特征在于该抗肿瘤药物中 含有抗肿瘤有效量的 3-脱氧 -3-羰基-二氢白桦酸或 3-脱氧 -3-羰基 -白桦 酸及可药用载体和 /或赋形剂。
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