Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
  • D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
  • D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
  • D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
  • D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
  • D01D5/0084—Coating by electro-spinning, i.e. the electro-spun fibres are not removed from the collecting device but remain integral with it, e.g. coating of prostheses
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D01F6/14—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated alcohols, e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, or of their acetals or ketals
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
  • D01F6/70—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyurethanes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/78—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products
  • D01F6/84—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products from copolyesters
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
  • D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads

Definitions

• Linear fibrous formation comprising polymer nanofibres, production method and device for production of such formation
• the invention relates to the linear fibrous formation comprising the polymer nanofibres.
• the invention relates to the production method of linear fibrous formation comprising polymer nanofibres in the device for production of nanofibres through electrostatic spinning comprising a spinning space between the spinning electrode and collecting electrode between which there is induced electrostatic field of a high intensity, in which the nanofibres are formed and drifted towards the collecting electrode.
• the invention also relates to the device for production of linear fibrous formation containing the polymer nanofibres comprising the device for production of nanofibres through electrostatic spinning with spinning space created between the spinning electrode and collecting electrode between which there is induced an electrostatic field of a high intensity.
• Nanofibres are fibres having diameters smaller than one micrometer, while in an advantageous embodiment the diameter of nanofibres is smaller than 600 nm.
• Nanofibres are produced through several methods, e.g. through electrostatic spinning from polymer solutions or melts or through the melt-blown technique. Electrostatic spinning of polymer solutions may be performed for example according to the CZ patent 294274 by means of a rotating spinning electrode of an elongated shape connected to one pole of high voltage source and to it parallel collecting electrode, which is connected with opposite pole of high voltage source and the nanofibres being formed are drifted towards it and are deposited into a layer of nanofibres on a substrate material, which is guided between the spinning electrode and collecting electrode.
• the typical surface formations that are formed by a cobweb of interconnected nanofibres.
• the shaped nanofibrous layers may be produced, e.g. according to the US2003/0207638, or the surface of rotating cylindric formations according to the US2003/0034408 may be covered, or tubes on rotating spindles according to the US2004/0053553 may be produced.
• the linear formations may be prepared using some of above mentioned methods or by rolling of narrow surface formations, etc.
• the disadvantage of such prepared linear nanofibrous formations is a demanding and slowly progress of their preparation, a low tensile strength and a high density of formations causing small and difficult to regulate distances between individual nanofibres.
• the low tensile strength after then prevents further processing of such linear nanofibrous formations using the known textile techniques for production of flat or threedimensional textile formations.
• the small distance between nanofibres then also reduces air permeability of the linear nanofibrous formation in the direction of its length.
• the goal of this invention is to produce nanofibres containing a linear fibrous formation of a high tensile strength and simultaneously to increase air permeability of the linear fibrous formation in a longitudinal direction.
• Another goal of the invention is to propose methods of production of such linear fibrous formation and device for production of thereof.
• the goal of the invention has been reached by the linear fibrous formation containing polymer nanofibres, whose principle consists in that the polymer nanofibres form a coating on surface of the core created by the supporting linear fibrous formation, while at least some of them are caught among the fibres of surface section of this core.
• the supporting linear fibrous formation contains fibres of common textile types having diameters more than one micrometer, usually from 3 to 25 micrometers and it is formed by a yarn or a thread, which renders to the resultant linear fibrous formation containing polymer nanofibres a high tensile strength, while the coating of polymer nanofibres renders to the resultant linear textile formation a high specific surface.
• the supporting linear fibrous formation may be formed e.g. by a little tow, sliver, etc.
• the properties of the core and coating through selection of polymer, from which the nanofibres are produced, diameters of fibres of the core as well as nanofibres of the coating, linear weights and manner of reinforcing. It is advantageous in some cases, if the coating contains polymer nanofibres of at least two kinds.
• the principle of production method of linear fibrous formation according to the invention consists in that, through the spinning space there is guided the supporting linear fibrous formation, which is outside the spinning space imparted a false-twist, so that the supporting linear fibrous formation rotates in the spinning space around its longitudinal axis and on its surface the polymer nanofibres are deposited, while at least some of them are being caught among the fibres of the supporting linear fibrous formation due to forming and/or elimination of a false-twist and so they create the nanofibrous coating on the core formed by the supporting linear fibrous formation, which is with the core connected by means of nanofibres being caught among the fibres of the supporting linear fibrous formation.
• the supporting linear fibrous formation is imparted a false-twist before its entry into the spinning space or behind its exit from the spinning space, according to technological possibilities and requirements on the resultant linear fibrous formation.
• the supporting linear fibrous formation is imparted a false-twist between the two spinning spaces.
• the principle of device according to the invention consists in that, in the spinning space of the device for production of nanofibres through electrostatic spinning there is formed a mean for passage of the supporting linear fibrous formation and outside the spinning space of the spinning device there is incorporated the device to impart a false-twist in the trajectory of the supporting linear fibrous formation.
• the spinning space is created between the spinning electrode and the supporting linear fibrous formation, which is electrically conductive and outside the spinning space it is in contact with auxiliary electrode, which is connected with ground or is of opposite polarity than the spinning electrode.
• the advantage of this embodiment consists in that the nanofibres direct from the spinning electrode to the rotating supporting linear fibrous formation, they are being caught on its surface and create a coating on it. All nanofibres at this variant of device are caught on surface of the supporting linear fibrous formation and there exists no danger that some nanofibres or their sections get caught on the collecting electrode as it is at the previous embodiment. It is advantageous if to the device according to the claim 10 is added a device for increasing of electrical conductivity of the supporting linear fibrous formation, which is in the direction of motion of the supporting linear fibrous formation arranged in front of the spinning space.
• Any known device serving to impart a false-twist may be used to this purpose, while selection of this device is subjected especially to technological requirements of the device on which it is applied and properties of the supporting linear fibrous formation.
• the device to impart a false-twist may be positioned in front of the spinning space or after this space or between the two spinning spaces. The selection is performed according to technological possibilities of the device, according to requirements to the resultant linear fibrous formation, etc.
• Fig. 1 shows a device with collecting electrode
• Fig. 2 device at which the collecting electrode is formed by a supporting linear fibrous formation
• Fig. 3 shows a section through the resultant linear fibrous formation containing nanofibres.
• the invention will be explained on an example of embodiment of the device ⁇ _ for production of nanofibres through electrostatic spinning of polymer solutions in electric field between the rotating spinning electrode 2 of an elongated shape and with it parallel positioned collecting electrode 3, as it is shown at the Fig. 1.
• the rotating spinning electrode 2 is in the shown embodiment formed by an elongated cylindric body 2J. mounted rotatably in reservoir 22 of polymer solution, which is in a known manner by means of tubing 221 interconnected with the known not shown source of polymer solution.
• the spinning electrode 2 is by any known mean interconnected with one pole of high voltage source, in exemplary embodiment with the positive pole. Opposite to the cylindric body 2J.
• the collecting electrode 3 which is formed by a rod having diameter up to five millimetres or by a wire, which is in the shown embodiment grounded. Nevertheless it may be also connected with opposite pole of high voltage source than the spinning electrode 2.
• an electrostatic field of a high intensity which creates the spinning space 4, in which there is performed in the device 1.
• for production of nanofibres mean for guiding of rotating supporting linear fibrous formation 51_ forming the core 511 of linear fibrous formation 5 containing nanofibres 52. Its trajectory is parallel with axis of rotation of the spinning electrode 2 and with the collecting electrode 3.
• the device 6 for imparting a false-twist Before entry of the supporting linear fibrous formation 5J. forming the core 511 of linear fibrous formation 5 containing nanofibres 52 into the device 1 for production of nanofibres, the device 6 for imparting a false-twist, which is in the shown example of embodiment formed by counter-rotating stripes 61., 62 is inserted into its trajectory, nevertheless it may be formed by any device for imparting a false-twist.
• a draw-off device 7 On exit from the device 1. for production of nanofibres there is situated a draw-off device 7, formed by the known draw-off rollers.
• a false-twist is imparted to the supporting linear fibrous formation 5_1 in the device 6 for imparting a false-twist before entry into the device for production of nanofibres.
• the supporting linear fibrous formation 51_ twisted by a false-twist, after entry into the device i for production of nanofibres in the spinning space 4 of this device is untwisted and due to this it rotates.
• Cylindric body 2J. of the spinning electrode 2 is by bottom section of its circumference dipped in the polymer solution, which is due to rotation of the cylindric body 21 of the spinning electrode carried out into electric field between the spinning and collecting electrode, where the nanofibers 52 are separated from the surface of the spinning electrode 2, they are drifted to the collecting electrode 3 and they get caught by their ends on surface of rotating supporting linear fibrous formation 51 ⁇ , in which by its further untwisting they fix among the fibres of this fibrous formation 5j[.
• the nanofibres 52 equally enwrap entire surface of the supporting linear fibrous formation 5_1 and so they create a coating on it 521.
• the device for imparting a false-twist 6 is situated in direction of motion of the supporting linear fibrous formation behind the spinning space, so that in the spinning space is to be found rotating section of the supporting linear fibrous formation being subject to twisting, and to this section there are deposited the nanofibres, whose ends get caught on surface of rotating supporting linear fibrous formation and so they create the nanofibrous coating.
• the supporting linear fibrous formation, twisted by a false-twist is being untwisted and as a result of this it rotates in an opposite direction than before the device for imparting a false-twist.
• the device for production of nanofibres through electrostatic spinning comprises at least two spinning spaces, while each of them comprises the spinning electrode and the collecting electrode.
• the device for imparting a false-twist is arranged between two spinning spaces.
• Electrical conductivity of the supporting linear fibrous formation 51 is at the shown embodiment, being increased in the device 7 for increasing of electrical conductivity of the supporting linear fibrous formation 51., which is arranged in front of the spinning space 4, respectively in front of the device 1 for production of nanofibres through electrostatic spinning.
• the device 7 for increasing of electrical conductivity of the supporting linear fibrous formation 51 is some of the known conductivity increasing means applied on the supporting linear fibrous formation 5_1, for example the conductivity increasing liquid according to PV 2005-702 in liquid or gaseous form.
• the supporting linear fibrous formation 5J. has a sufficient electrical conductivity, it is not necessary to use the device 7 for increasing of electrical conductivity.
• the device for imparting the false-twist may be positioned in front of the spinning space or behind this space or between two spinning spaces.
• the resultant linear fibrous formation 52 containing nanofibres is schematically shown at the Fig. 3 and it contains the core 511, °n which there is formed the coating 52J. of nanofibres 52, while the ends of at least some nanofibres 52 are caught among fibres of the core 5J[I, which is formed by a supporting linear fibrous formation 51..
• the core 511. of a bicomponent linear fibrous formation is formed of cotton thread of 200 dtex
• the coating 521 is formed of polyvinyl-alcohol nanofibres having diameter of 150 to 300 nanometers cross-linked by a polyacrylic acid.
• the linear weight of the coating 521 is 10 dtex.
• Example 2 The core 511 of a bicomponent linear fibrous formation is formed of polyester multifilament yarn of 600 dtex, the coating 521 is formed of polyurethane nanofibres having diameter of 250 to 500 nanometers. The linear weight of the coating 521 is 18 dtex.
• the core 511 of a bicomponent linear fibrous formation is formed of twisted multifilament yarn from copolymer of polyglycol acid and polylactic acid of linear weight of 800 dtex.
• the coating 521 is formed of nanofibres from the cross-linked gelatine having diameters of 200 to 350 nanometers.
• the linear weight of the coating 521 is 40 dtex.
• the supporting linear fibrous formation 5_1 is formed of a cotton thread having basis weight of 800 dtex and it runs through the device 6 for imparting a false-twist formed by a pair of counter rotating stripes and consequently through the device 1 for production of nanofibres through electrostatic spinning with a speed of 50 m/min, as it is represented in the Fig. 1.
• Polyvinyl alcohol nanofibres produced in the device i for production of nanofibres are deposited on the running thread and by effect of its rotation around axis they enwrap the thread. In this way the linear fibrous bicomponent formation is created, whose core 511 is formed of a cotton thread and the coating 521 of nanofibres, while the linear weight of the coating is 40 dtex.
• the resultant linear fibrous formation containing the nanofibres is after then warmed to 145 C for a period of 2 minutes to initiate cross-linking.
• the supporting linear fibrous formation 5_1 is formed of polyester multifilament yarn having linear weight of 200 dtex, which is, as shown in the Fig. 2, running through the device 6 for imparting a false-twist with a speed of 70m/min.
• the device 6 for imparting a false-twist is formed of quill for shaping the threads rotating around its axis with a speed of 60000 rpm.
• the polyester multifilament yarn is passed through the device 7 for increasing of electrical conductivity, in which some of the known conductivity increasing means is applied on the polyester multifilament yarn.
• the polyester multifilament yarn Before entry into the device 1 for production of nanofibres through electrostatic spinning the polyester multifilament yarn is passed along the auxiliary electrode 41., in which it is in contact.
• the auxiliary electrode 41 is grounded or it has opposite polarity than the spinning electrode 2.
• the multifilament yarn runs through the device 1. for production of nanofibres through electrostatic spinning and it forms the collecting electrode 3.
• Nanofibres 52 produced in the device ⁇ _ for production of nanofibres through electrostatic spinning are by acting of electrostatic field of a high intensity carried from the spinning electrode 2 to the rotating multifilament yarn, they deposit on its surface and get caught into its structure.
• the linear weight of the coating formed of polyurethane nanofibres is 28 dtex.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

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Cited By (13)

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Citations (4)

• 2007
  • 2007-03-08 CZ CZ20070179A patent/CZ2007179A3/cs unknown
• 2008
  • 2008-02-25 TW TW097106412A patent/TW200902778A/zh unknown
  • 2008-03-06 WO PCT/CZ2008/000028 patent/WO2008106904A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (4)

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