WO2008077789A1 - Holographische projektionsvorrichtung zur vergrösserung eines sichtbarkeitsbereichs - Google Patents
Holographische projektionsvorrichtung zur vergrösserung eines sichtbarkeitsbereichs Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008077789A1 WO2008077789A1 PCT/EP2007/063801 EP2007063801W WO2008077789A1 WO 2008077789 A1 WO2008077789 A1 WO 2008077789A1 EP 2007063801 W EP2007063801 W EP 2007063801W WO 2008077789 A1 WO2008077789 A1 WO 2008077789A1
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001093 holography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002324 minimally invasive surgery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
- G03H1/2294—Addressing the hologram to an active spatial light modulator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/08—Synthesising holograms, i.e. holograms synthesized from objects or objects from holograms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
- G03H1/2202—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements
- G03H1/2205—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements using downstream optical component
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
- G03H1/2202—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements
- G03H1/2205—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements using downstream optical component
- G03H2001/221—Element having optical power, e.g. field lens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
- G03H1/2202—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements
- G03H2001/2236—Details of the viewing window
- G03H2001/2239—Enlarging the viewing window
Definitions
- Holographic projection device for enlarging a visibility region
- the invention relates to a holographic projection device for enlarging a visibility region for observing a reconstructed scene with at least one light modulation device and having at least one light source with sufficiently coherent light for generating a wavefront of a scene coded in the light modulation device. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a method for enlarging a visibility region with the holographic projection device.
- a holographic reproduction device for reconstructing a three-dimensional scene is known, for example, from EP 1 467 263 A1.
- the display device has a reflective light modulator, a beam splitter for projection of a hologram, a diaphragm, a field lens and a collimator lens.
- the hologram is generated from three-dimensional object data by means of a computer and then displayed on the light modulator.
- the light modulator is illuminated to reconstruct a three-dimensional scene with light from a light source via the beam splitter.
- the reconstructed scene arises in the field of the field lens, but the scene is adversely limited in size by the field lens.
- the viewer of the reconstructed scene has a limited freedom of movement, as a special tracking for an eye of the beholder is not disclosed. Also, there is a periodic repetition of the diffraction orders in the Fourier plane.
- Such used spatial light modulators modulate the phase and the amplitude of the light.
- a light modulator has over one million modulation elements, so-called pixels.
- pixels In order to achieve a high resolution and thus a larger visibility area or a large reconstructed scene, a large number of pixels must be provided on the light modulator.
- smaller and smaller light modulators are required.
- the size of the Pixei can be reduced only with difficulty, a large number of pixels on the light modulator with individually controllable optical properties have hitherto not been possible or very difficult to realize from a technical point of view.
- the projection device disclosed therein comprises a two-dimensional light modulation device a scanning system, wherein by means of a scanning element, the light scans one after the other only one-dimensional arrangement of the pixels of the light modulation device.
- a wavefront modulated by means of the light modulation device is imaged into a virtual visibility region or else on a screen.
- a binocular observation of the reconstructed scene is possible, but difficult to achieve.
- DE 10 2006 024 356.0 is to be improved so that several viewers can simultaneously observe a reconstructed scene.
- this object is achieved in that the virtual visibility area for observing the reconstructed scene can be generated by imaging the wavefront into a viewer plane, wherein the virtual visibility area has at least two virtual viewer windows that are dimensioned such that the reconstructed scene always without tracking the viewer window is observable during movement of a viewer in the observer plane.
- the holographic projection device has at least one light source for emitting sufficiently coherent light and at least one light modulation device. Under sufficiently coherent light here light is understood, which is capable of interfering with the representation of a three-dimensional scene.
- the light modulation device has pixels (modulation elements) in which the scene to be reconstructed is coded.
- To watch the reconstructed scene is created for a viewer a virtual visibility area in a viewer level.
- the virtual visibility region is to be understood as a virtual window field which is generated so large that a viewer can observe the reconstructed scene binocularly.
- the virtual visibility region has a plurality of observer windows which advantageously adjoin one another and are dimensioned in such a way that a viewer can observe the reconstructed scene without tracking the observer window even if he is in the observer plane possibly predetermined range moves.
- a holographic projection device by means of which a two- and / or three-dimensional scene can be reconstructed simply and quickly in as large a reconstruction area as possible.
- the observation through the visibility region can thus be binocular for a viewer since in the visibility region a plurality of viewer windows are provided, through which a reconstructed scene is visible.
- This multiplicity of observer windows always allows a binocular observation of the reconstructed scene, without the observer window for the respective eye having to be tracked according to a new position of the observer when the observer moves in the observer plane.
- the need to track the observer window is thus severely limited or eliminated.
- the means for tracking can be dispensed with in the present holographic projection device according to the invention, as a result of which the projection device is substantially simplified and can be made more compact.
- At least one deflecting element is provided for generating the virtual visibility region with at least two observer windows.
- the deflection element makes it possible to build up a large area of visibility from a plurality of viewer windows, in particular in a horizontal, coherent direction here.
- a deflection is required, which in horizontal and vertical direction can deflect the light, such as an xy-galvanometer.
- a multiplication of the visibility range by means of at least one beam splitter element can be undertaken by several observers for observation of the reconstructed scene.
- the light is non-coherent to each other when using multiple light sources. It is particularly desirable when using multiple light sources for multiple light modulation devices that the light of these light sources is not coherent to each other, because then the light is superimposed only in its intensity and thereby almost or no interfering interference effects (speckies) occur. This significantly increases the quality of the reconstructed scene.
- the object according to the invention is furthermore achieved by a method for increasing a virtual visibility range for an observation of a reconstructed scene, wherein in the method at least one light source emits sufficiently coherent light and the light is modulated by means of at least one light modulator, the modulated light then being transmitted via at least one Imaging element meets at least one deflection element, whereby the virtual visibility area is generated by means of the modulated light in at least one observer plane in a predetermined position, wherein in the virtual visibility area at least two observer windows are formed via a multiplexing process.
- the light modulated by means of the at least one light modulation device generates a virtual visibility region by imaging in at least one observer plane.
- This visibility area is magnified by multiplexing through the generation of contiguous viewer windows to allow a viewer to binocularly observe a reconstructed scene in a reconstruction area.
- the visibility area can be generated so large that the viewer can still observe the reconstructed scene or reconstructed scenes when changing position. Tracking the observer window as known from DE 10 2006 024 356.0 is therefore no longer necessary.
- the method for reconstructing scenes is advantageously considerably simplified when using the spatial multiplexing method, thereby enabling true real-time representation of a moving two- and / or three-dimensional scene.
- the generation of the at least two observer windows in the virtual visibility area takes place via a time-multiplexing method.
- the at least one light modulation device can very quickly generate the virtual viewer window in the virtual visibility region and its resolution capability is sufficiently high.
- the number of light modulation devices for generating the viewer window can be reduced to a few or one. This simplifies the construction of the holographic projection apparatus. It is of course also possible, when using a plurality of light modulation devices, to generate or form the virtual observer windows via a spatial multiplexing method.
- a Fourier transform of the light of the light source modulated by the at least one light modulation device is imaged onto an imaging element serving as a screen, whereby at least this imaging element images a wave front modulated by the light modulation device into the virtual visibility region.
- the reconstruction of a Due to the discrete recording, the computer-generated hologram (CGH) is only possible to diffract within a periodicity interval of the diffraction spectrum given by the resolution of the CGH-carrying medium, namely the light modulation device. In the adjacent periodicity intervals the reconstruction is mostly repeated with disturbances.
- the problem of the periodic continuation of the diffraction orders of the Fourier transforms is hereby solved by the Fourier transform is imaged on the screen.
- the magnification and the size of the screen can be selected so that the periodic continuation of the diffraction orders is moved to the outside of the screen.
- only one period is displayed on the screen.
- a viewer of the reconstructed scene does not perceive the periodic continuation of the reconstruction in the diffraction orders.
- the reproduction quality of the holographic projection device is significantly increased. If the wavefront were to be imaged into the observer plane as a Fourier transform of a hologram encoded in the light modulation device, the periodic continuation in the visibility region through the formation of several observer windows would disturb the observer when observing the reconstructed scene.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a known from DE 10 2006 024 356.0 scanning system showing the extension direction of the wavefronts and the light propagation direction (coherent direction);
- FIG. 2 shows a representation of a holographic projection device known from DE 10 2006 024 356.0 with the scanning system according to FIG. 1 and a projection system;
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the scanning system according to Figure 1, wherein a plurality of light sources are provided, in plan view;
- Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the scanning system according to Figure 2, wherein a further possibility of the arrangement of the light sources is shown in plan view;
- FIG. 5 shows a basic representation of a visibility region in one
- FIG. 6 shows a basic representation of visibility ranges for several
- FIG. 1 shows only a partial system of the holographic projection apparatus, wherein a beam path not folded over deflecting elements is shown.
- the subsystem is referred to as scanning system AS and has an illumination device 1 with at least one light source 2, a scanning element 3, at least one light modulation device 4 and imaging elements 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, wherein the Abbüdungs institute 6, 7 and 9 respectively of several can consist of individual optical elements.
- the imaging elements 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 may be lenses, in particular cylindrical lenses, spherical lenses, corrected cylindrical or spherical lenses, diffractive optical elements (DOE), Fresnel lenses or also mirrors or arrangements of such optical elements.
- DOE diffractive optical elements
- the imaging elements 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 can also be arranged off-axis, whereby a reduction of aberrations, such as the Field curvature, can be achieved better.
- the holographic projection device is anamorphic, ie, the imaging systems and thus also the magnifications are different in two mutually perpendicular directions of the projection device.
- FIG. 1 shows the scanning system AS in the direction of expansion of the wavefronts and in the light propagation direction. This representation is hereinafter referred to as coherent direction.
- the scanning system AS in the direction of scanning and the direction of light propagation is referred to as non-coherent direction and is not shown in this embodiment, since this is evident from DE 10 2006 024 356.0 and not relevant according to the invention.
- the operation of the scanning system AS in a coherent direction is described below, as shown in FIG. It is advantageous if diffractive optical elements are used as imaging elements, since their structure and mode of operation are more suitable for aberration correction.
- the light source 2 of the illumination device 1 emits sufficiently coherent light, which strikes the imaging element 5 for widening. Thereafter, the plane wave W passes through the imaging element 6, which is, for example, a cylindrical lens, and is focused on the scanning element 3.
- the scanning element 3 is then imaged onto a plane 10 by means of the imaging element 7, so that the wave W focused on the scanning element 3 is focused simultaneously on this plane 10. It is possible to arrange a deflecting element, for example a mirror, in the plane 10 for folding the beam path.
- the deflection element is to the effect when using a reflective light modulation device 4 of advantage, so that the way and the return path of the light do not overlap.
- a deflection element can be provided for reasons of compactness even when using a transmissive light modulation device 4.
- the wave W falls by means of the imaging element 8 as a collimated or plane wave on the light modulation device 4.
- the light modulation device 4 is designed in this embodiment, as in the following embodiments, in particular according to Figure 1, 2 and 3, reflective, which would correspond to a folded beam path, whereby a while W with an advantageous plane wave front is reflected to a modulated wave with a wave front WF.
- the wavefront WF thus modulated by the light modulation device 4 is then imaged into a plane 11 by means of the imaging elements 8 'and 9.
- the imaging element 8 is used as an imaging element 8 1 .
- the two imaging elements 8 and 8 'shown here as individual imaging elements are thus a single imaging element.
- a Fourier transform FT is formed in a plane 10'.
- the planes 10 and 10 ' form one and the same plane.
- the wavefront WF then falls by means of the imaging element 9 as a collimated bundle on the plane 11. It should be noted, since the embodiment as well as the following embodiments are shown only schematically that the imaging elements 8 and 8 'represent one and the same imaging element and thus the modulated wavefront WF back to the plane 10 'is reflected.
- the level 10 1 therefore corresponds to the level 10.
- the holographic projection device is shown in its entirety.
- the holographic projection device has the already mentioned scanning system AS, shown here only schematically, and a projection system PS.
- the projection system has an imaging element 12 serving as a screen and at least one further imaging element 13.
- the imaging element 12, hereinafter referred to as the screen may for example be a mirror, a lens or a diffractive optical element (DOE).
- DOE diffractive optical element
- the screen 12 is arranged in the image-side focal plane of the imaging element 13.
- the imaging element 13 can be embodied as a lens, DOE 1 lens arrangement or similar optical element, in particular an arrangement of spherical and cylindrical lenses, so that there are advantageously different magnifications in a coherent and noncoherent direction.
- the Projection system PS is also coupled to a deflection element 14, which is provided for enlarging a virtual visibility region in a viewer plane 15.
- the deflection element 14 is arranged between two imaging elements 16 and 17 which form an afocal system.
- the deflection element 14 can be controlled individually, advantageously embodied as a mirror element and can be, for example, a galvanometer scanner, a MEMS (Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems) arrangement, a polygon scanner or an acousto-optical arrangement.
- the deflector 14 may deflect in at least one direction (horizontal and / or vertical).
- the generation of the wavefront which contains the information for the reconstruction of a three-dimensional scene, takes place within the scanning system AS as described under FIG.
- the afocal system formed by the imaging elements 16 and 17 forms the plane 11 via the deflection element 14 into a plane 18.
- this plane 18 is then imaged by means of the imaging element 13 in a plane 19 as a virtual image, in order then to be imaged via the screen 12 into the observer plane 15 in order to have therein a virtual observer window 21 provided for an eye virtual visibility area 20 represents to form or generate.
- the deflection element 14 arranged in the focal plane of the imaging element 16 is imaged onto the screen 12 via the imaging elements 17 and 13.
- the modulated wavefront WF is imaged within the scanning system AS in the plane 11 and then into the virtual observer window 21 on the eye of a viewer.
- the Fourier transform FT of the modulated wavefront WF is simultaneously imaged onto the deflection element 14 via the imaging element 16.
- the scanning element 3 is imaged in the plane 11 within the scanning system AS, wherein the rays are imaged after the imaging element 9 to infinity or collimated.
- the scanning element 3 is then imaged into the virtual viewer window 21.
- the beams are focused on the deflection element 14 and imaged on the screen by means of the imaging elements 17 and 13.
- the imaging elements 17 and 13 can also be combined with each other to to form a single lens or a lens arrangement.
- the above-described holographic projection apparatus has been shown and described only for an eye of an observer, and the projection apparatus may be provided for a pair of eyes of the observer when the virtual viewer window 21 is made sufficiently large, which is difficult to realize. For a pair of eyes of the beholder, however, it makes sense to provide a second light modulation device 4 for a second eye of the observer, wherein corresponding changes of the projection device are to be made.
- the observer is now in the observer plane 15 and is looking through the virtual visibility area 20, in particular through the virtual observer window 21, he can observe the reconstructed three-dimensional scene in a reconstruction area 22, wherein the reconstructed scene in front of, on or behind the light direction Screen 12 is created.
- a colored reconstruction of the three-dimensional scene is also possible with the holographic projection device.
- at least one beam splitter element 23, in particular an X prism with dichroic layers, is arranged in front of the deflection element 14 in the light direction.
- the beam splitter element 23 may also be arranged at another position in the holographic projection device.
- the color reconstruction of the scene takes place simultaneously in the three basic colors RGB. If two completely separate light channels are provided, then two beam splitter elements 23, one beam splitter element 23 per light channel, can also be arranged in the projection system PS.
- the holographic projection device described above in FIGS. 1 and 2 shows the observation of the reconstructed scene without a viewer in the observer level 15 moves. However, should the viewer in the observer level 15 move to another position, he can no longer observe the reconstructed three-dimensional scene without tracking the virtual visibility area 20 or in Figure 2 without tracking the virtual viewer window 21. For tracking the observer window 21, the deflecting element 14 can then serve. For this, however, additional additional optical devices, such as a position detection system, necessary, which determines the position of the eyes of the observer in the observer plane 15.
- FIG. 3 shows a scanning system AS according to FIG. 1, the illumination device 1 having a plurality of light sources 2, in this case three light sources 2.
- the light sources 2 are arranged parallel to one another or parallel to an optical axis OA and should advantageously not be coherent with one another for the same visibility region 20. This can be achieved, for example, by the use of different light sources, eg different lasers. This is particularly advantageous in that the light is then superimposed only in its intensity and does not interfere. Disturbing interference effects, such as speckles that significantly affect the quality of the scene, can therefore no longer occur.
- coherently formed light sources 2 The hologram carrying the information of a scene to be reconstructed should, however, then be divided into a plurality of light modulation devices 4.
- the construction and mode of operation of the scanning system AS basically corresponds to that described in FIG. However, at least two light modulation devices 4, in this exemplary embodiment three light modulation devices 4, are provided for enlarging the visibility region 20 and are arranged in the scanning system AS.
- the Light modulation devices 4 are designed to be reflective, wherein the number of light sources 2 used corresponds to the number of light modulation devices for a non-colored reconstruction.
- a large imaging element L is provided in the case of collimated beam paths. By means of this, the individual waves W can be focused on the scanning element 3 in order to scan all the light modulation devices 4 at the same time.
- each light channel after the plane 10 has an imaging element 8, so that collimated light is incident on the respective light modulation device 4 for scanning it.
- the projection system PS provided in the light direction according to the scanning system AS corresponds structurally to that shown and described in FIG. However, it is to provide a deflection element 14 per light modulation device 4.
- the generation of a plurality of virtual viewer windows 21 takes place in this exemplary embodiment via a multiplex method, in this case via a spatial multiplexing method.
- a plurality of virtual observer windows 21 are simultaneously generated or formed in the virtual visibility area 20, whereby the size of the virtual observer windows 21 can be arbitrary.
- the virtual viewer window 21 can already be formed so large that both eyes of a viewer are included. However, it is also possible to make the virtual observer window 21 so small that two virtual observer windows 21 are needed to cover an eye pupil. In addition, a free space may be present between two virtual viewer windows 21 arranged side by side. The individual reconstructed scene is visible in each case through the individual virtual observer windows 21, but it is also conceivable that each individual observer window 21 in the visibility area 20 respectively shows the reconstructed scene from a different perspective.
- a virtual visibility area 20 can be generated, which at the same time has at least two, in this embodiment three, virtual viewer windows 21 (not shown).
- the modulated wavefront WF imaged in the observer plane 15 on the eyes of the beholder and the Fourier transform FT is displayed on the screen 12.
- the screen 12 is arranged in the image-side focal plane of the imaging element 13. In this way, the periodic continuation of the diffraction orders is transmitted to the screen 12, in particular shifted to the outside of the screen 12 and so only one period of the diffraction spectrum on the screen 12 is shown.
- the focal length of the imaging element 9 is greater than the focal length of the imaging element 7 in order to influence the size of the virtual visibility region 20 and thus to increase it. This would require only a single deflecting element 14 or a simplified deflecting element 14 in the holographic projection apparatus, since the construction of the virtual visibility region 20 from a plurality of virtual observer windows 21 only has to take place horizontally.
- scattering elements such as scattering films or similar elements, may be arranged in a non-coherent direction in a plane imaged on the screen 12 to magnify the virtual viewer windows 21.
- the observer can now move in the observer plane 15 in a very large visibility area 20 without the need to track the observer window 21. In this large range of motion for the observer, he can observe the reconstructed three-dimensional scene binocularly without any restrictions.
- FIG. 4 shows a further possibility of designing the scanning system AS to increase the visibility range 20.
- the light sources 2 of the illumination device 1 are arranged at an angle to the optical axis OA. In this way, the light can be incident or focused directly on the scanning element 3 with different angles of incidence, whereby the large imaging element L, as in FIG. 3, can be dispensed with.
- an imaging element 5 is likewise arranged downstream of the light source 2 per light channel, the imaging element 6 serving for focusing.
- a further difference from FIG. 3 lies in the arrangement of the light modulation devices 4. These are also designed to be reflective, but arranged parallel to one another or to the optical axis OA.
- This Abtastsystems AS also corresponds to the Scanning system AS according to FIG. 3.
- the projection system PS arranged below in the light direction also corresponds in its construction and the mode of operation to FIG. 2 or the above-mentioned to FIG. 3. In this way too, a large virtual visibility region 20 can be generated in the observer plane 15. wherein the virtual viewer windows 21 are also formed as in Figure 3 via a space division method.
- the scanning AS can have a plurality of light modulation devices 4 and be configured, for example, as shown in FIGS. Care must be taken to ensure that the wavefronts WF modulated by the light modulation devices 4 and imaged in the plane 11 lie directly next to one another or adjacent to one another or at least very close to one another.
- the difference to the other two possibilities mentioned above is that the individual scanning systems AS are independent of each other, since they are not electronically coupled with each other. This has the advantage that fewer aberrations occur, since the openings of the scanning AS are sufficiently small.
- a time multiplex method for multiple generation of virtual viewer windows 21 in the virtual visibility area 20 may also be applied. This is particularly advantageous because the number of light modulating devices 4 can be substantially reduced to only a few.
- temporal multiplexing it is possible to use only a single light modulation device 4, if it is very fast and its resolution is sufficiently high.
- the individual virtual observer windows 21 are generated sequentially very quickly in the observer plane 15, resulting in an enlarged visibility region 20. Therefore, temporal multiplexing is preferable to spatial multiplexing because it keeps the holographic projection apparatus compact in its entirety and in its construction, and does not contain any additional optical elements such as light modulators, imaging elements, sensing elements etc., are to be provided. In addition, the holographic projection device is thereby less expensive.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the screen 12 and the virtual visibility area 20 in the generation of two virtual viewer windows 21 a and 21 b in plan view.
- the two virtual viewer windows 21 a and 21 b are thereby spatially multiplexed in the viewer plane 15 in the virtual visibility area 20 generated.
- This means that two wavefronts WF modulated by two light modulation devices 4 are simultaneously imaged via imaging elements and the screen 12 into the virtual visibility region 20 and form therein the two virtual viewer windows 21a and 21b.
- the two wavefronts WF are each represented by differently drawn lines (dotted and dashed). This can be done in two ways.
- the first possibility is to encode the required wavefront directly in the light modulation device 4 and to image it in the virtual visibility region 20.
- the second possibility envisages starting from the required observer windows 21, wherein all wavefronts of the observer windows 21 are simultaneously transformed into a hologram on a light modulator device 4.
- the wavefronts are coded as a hologram and generated by means of an inverse transformation in the virtual visibility region 20 to the eyes of the observer.
- the two virtual viewer windows 21a and 21b are generated or formed such that they are formed at least approximately side by side.
- the generation can also take place in such a way that the virtual observer windows 21a and 21b overlap at least partially.
- a free space between the formed virtual viewer windows 21a and 21b is also possible.
- the mapping of the modulated wavefront WF into the virtual visibility region 20 is particularly advantageous because it avoids the periodic continuations in the diffraction orders that would result from reconstruction of the wavefront from a hologram encoded in the light modulation device 4.
- the time division multiplexing method to generate the virtual viewer windows 21a and 21b or a plurality of virtual viewer windows 21, in the best case case only one light modulator unit 4 being required.
- first the observer window 21a and then the observer window 21b are generated very quickly one after the other via the abducting element 14. However, this must be done so fast that a viewer does not perceive the successive generation or formation of the viewer window 21 a and 21 b.
- multiple virtual viewer windows 21 can thus be generated in the virtual visibility area 20 by means of a multiplexing method, in order thus to increase the virtual visibility area 20.
- a viewer can now change his position in the observer plane 15 and observe the reconstructed, advantageously three-dimensional, scene without restriction, without the position of the observer's eyes having to be determined in order to track the virtual observer window 21 when the observer changes position.
- a moving scene can thus also be displayed in real time without complicated additional elements and methods simpler and faster, in particular by spatial multiplexing.
- FIG. 6 shows only a small section of the entire holographic projection device, namely the screen 12 in conjunction with a plurality of viewer planes 150, 151, 152, 153 and 154.
- the number of viewer planes is determined by the number of viewers or the position of the observers depending on the screen 12. For example, in the observer level 154, as described above under FIG. 6, a virtual Visibility area 20 generated.
- the virtual visibility area 20 in the observer level 154 or in further observer levels 150, 151, 152 and 153 is duplicated.
- the virtual visibility area 20 is multiplied by means of at least one beam splitter element (not shown), wherein at respective positions of the observer in the observer planes 150, 151, 152, 153 and 154 the respective virtual visibility area 200, 201, 202 and 203 arises. How often the virtual visibility area 20 has to be duplicated depends on the number of viewers in the observer levels 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, etc., or on the number of observers observing the reconstructed scene.
- the at least one beam splitter element is arranged in the light direction in front of the screen 12, in particular in front of a last imaging element arranged in the light direction.
- This means that the beam splitter element can be arranged in the light direction in front of the imaging element 13 or also between the imaging element 13 and the screen 12.
- Other positions in the holographic projection device are also possible.
- the at least one beam splitter element in this way multiplies the virtual visibility area 20 so often that each viewer can observe the reconstructed scene even when moving within its virtual visibility area 200, 201, 202, 203, etc.
- the duplication of the visibility region 20 takes place by means of spatial multiplexing, wherein advantageously a plurality of beam splitter elements are arranged in the holographic projection device.
- the beam splitter elements may be arranged, for example, in cascade with one another.
- mirror elements are provided for beam guidance to the respective positions of the observer in the observer planes 150, 151, 152, 153 and 154. Also by means of temporal multiplexing a duplication of the visibility area 20 is possible. A tracking is therefore no longer necessary.
- the holographic projection device it is also possible to use light modulation devices with micromirrors as modulation elements, since the micromirrors are independent of one another.
- the computing power of a used computer device can under simple conditions and with be extended to simple means.
- existing software can be used with adapted hardware implementation.
- the holographic projection device with light modulation devices with micromirrors or with conventional light modulation devices can thus be realized with existing technologies.
- Possible fields of application of the holographic projection device can be displays for a two- and / or three-dimensional representation for the home and work area, such as for television, computer, electronic games, entertainment, such as movie projections or events, the automotive industry to display information or entertainment, medical technology, in particular for minimally invasive surgery, the spatial representation of tomographic data or for military technology for the representation of terrain professionals.
- the present holographic projection device can also be used in other areas not mentioned here.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
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JP2009541993A JP2010513964A (ja) | 2006-12-21 | 2007-12-12 | 可視領域を拡大するためのホログラフィック投影デバイス |
DE112007003043.7T DE112007003043B4 (de) | 2006-12-21 | 2007-12-12 | Holographische Projektionsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Beobachten einer rekonstruierten Szene |
US12/520,188 US8314982B2 (en) | 2006-12-21 | 2007-12-12 | Holographic projection device for magnifying a visibility region |
US13/680,174 US9158280B2 (en) | 2006-12-21 | 2012-11-19 | Holographic projection device for the enlargement of a visibility region |
US14/857,997 US9612575B2 (en) | 2006-12-21 | 2015-09-18 | Holographic projection device for the enlargement of a visibility region |
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DE102006062413.0 | 2006-12-21 | ||
DE102006062413A DE102006062413A1 (de) | 2006-12-21 | 2006-12-21 | Holographische Projektionsvorrichtung zur Vergrößerung eines Sichtbarkeitsbereichs |
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US12/520,188 A-371-Of-International US8314982B2 (en) | 2006-12-21 | 2007-12-12 | Holographic projection device for magnifying a visibility region |
US13/680,174 Division US9158280B2 (en) | 2006-12-21 | 2012-11-19 | Holographic projection device for the enlargement of a visibility region |
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WO2008077789A1 true WO2008077789A1 (de) | 2008-07-03 |
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US (3) | US8314982B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2010513964A (de) |
DE (2) | DE102006062413A1 (de) |
TW (1) | TWI394017B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008077789A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
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WO2008141987A1 (de) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-27 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Holografisches rekonstruktionssystem sowie -verfahren mit erweitertem sichtbarkeitsbereich |
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DE102006004300A1 (de) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-08-02 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Projektionsvorrichtung zur holographischen Rekonstruktion von Szenen |
DE102006062413A1 (de) | 2006-12-21 | 2008-06-26 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Holographische Projektionsvorrichtung zur Vergrößerung eines Sichtbarkeitsbereichs |
US9429912B2 (en) | 2012-08-17 | 2016-08-30 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Mixed reality holographic object development |
US9310769B2 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2016-04-12 | Disney Enterprises, Inc. | Coarse integral holographic display |
JP2015031939A (ja) * | 2013-08-07 | 2015-02-16 | 独立行政法人情報通信研究機構 | 電子ホログラフィ再生装置 |
US9304492B2 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2016-04-05 | Disney Enterprises, Inc. | Scalable and tileable holographic displays |
DE102014000487A1 (de) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-16 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) | Anzeigevorrichtung, Fahrzeug mit einer Anzeigevorrichtung und Computerprogrammprodukt |
DE202014003241U1 (de) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-07-20 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) | Holographische Anzeigevorrichtung, Fahrzeug mit holographischer Anzeigevorrichtung und Computerprogrammprodukt |
NZ743841A (en) | 2016-07-15 | 2018-12-21 | Light Field Lab Inc | Energy propagation and transverse anderson localization with two-dimensional, light field and holographic relays |
US10379494B2 (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2019-08-13 | Disney Enterprises, Inc. | Scanned coarse integral holographic display having holographic lenslets displayed by spatial light modulator |
US20180217414A1 (en) * | 2017-01-30 | 2018-08-02 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Electro-Holographic Light Field Generators and Displays |
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2006
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-
2007
- 2007-12-12 DE DE112007003043.7T patent/DE112007003043B4/de active Active
- 2007-12-12 US US12/520,188 patent/US8314982B2/en active Active
- 2007-12-12 JP JP2009541993A patent/JP2010513964A/ja active Pending
- 2007-12-12 WO PCT/EP2007/063801 patent/WO2008077789A1/de active Application Filing
- 2007-12-14 TW TW096148343A patent/TWI394017B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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2012
- 2012-11-19 US US13/680,174 patent/US9158280B2/en active Active
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2015
- 2015-09-18 US US14/857,997 patent/US9612575B2/en active Active
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WO2008141987A1 (de) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-27 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Holografisches rekonstruktionssystem sowie -verfahren mit erweitertem sichtbarkeitsbereich |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US8314982B2 (en) | 2012-11-20 |
US9612575B2 (en) | 2017-04-04 |
US20100079831A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 |
JP2010513964A (ja) | 2010-04-30 |
DE112007003043A5 (de) | 2010-02-18 |
DE112007003043B4 (de) | 2022-05-05 |
DE102006062413A1 (de) | 2008-06-26 |
US20160004220A1 (en) | 2016-01-07 |
TWI394017B (zh) | 2013-04-21 |
TW200842529A (en) | 2008-11-01 |
US9158280B2 (en) | 2015-10-13 |
US20130070321A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
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