WO2008058846A1 - Ceinture en fibres à jauge de contrainte - Google Patents

Ceinture en fibres à jauge de contrainte Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008058846A1
WO2008058846A1 PCT/EP2007/061697 EP2007061697W WO2008058846A1 WO 2008058846 A1 WO2008058846 A1 WO 2008058846A1 EP 2007061697 W EP2007061697 W EP 2007061697W WO 2008058846 A1 WO2008058846 A1 WO 2008058846A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
webbing
fibrous
measuring
sensor
belt
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/061697
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Lutz Bose
Bernd Gombert
Henry Hartmann
Original Assignee
Continental Automotive Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Automotive Gmbh filed Critical Continental Automotive Gmbh
Publication of WO2008058846A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008058846A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/48—Control systems, alarms, or interlock systems, for the correct application of the belt or harness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/12—Construction of belts or harnesses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/48—Control systems, alarms, or interlock systems, for the correct application of the belt or harness
    • B60R2022/4808—Sensing means arrangements therefor
    • B60R2022/4841—Sensing means arrangements therefor for sensing belt tension

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a restraint belt system having a variable free belt length, and more particularly to a restraining belt system having a controllable restraining force.
  • the purpose of the belt tensioner is to keep the belt close to the body so that the vehicle occupant is delayed as early as possible in the event of an accident.
  • a belt tensioner therefore pulls the belt strap into the belt reel within a few milliseconds to compensate for belt slack.
  • a high belt slack is when the belt is not stretched as tight as possible. Since this tightening process makes the belt tighter against the body, the occupants participate earlier in the vehicle deceleration, which distributes the occupant's load caused by the accident more evenly over the body and keeps it at a lower level. The risk of injury is thereby reduced.
  • a vehicle assistance system or a crash sensor As soon as a vehicle assistance system or a crash sensor detects an impending accident situation, it sends a corresponding signal to an electronic control device.
  • the electronic control device activates a Actuation mechanism of the belt tensioner and thus ensures a release of the belt tensioner.
  • Actuating mechanisms for the belt tensioner currently use mechanical systems with a preloaded spring or pyrotechnic systems that retract the belt by means of a pyrotechnic propellant charge. These systems are ineffective after a single trip and must therefore be replaced after a corresponding accident. In contrast, reversible actuation systems, in which, for example, a highly dynamic electric motor is used, reusable.
  • these systems Upon deployment of the pretensioner, these systems will retract the webbing by up to 300mm within 5 to 20 milliseconds, thereby pulling the vehicle occupant to an optimum seating position and tauting the webbing even when the vehicle occupant is wearing thick clothing, such as a seat belt Winter coat is wearing.
  • a belt force limiter prevents unnecessarily high forces from being transmitted to the vehicle occupants in the event of an accident. This is possible because the restraint belt interacts in the case of an accident with a collision airbag called collision pad in the usual today adaptive occupant restraint systems. The restraint belt no longer retains the vehicle occupant completely, but rather decelerates the occupant in a controlled manner so far that the remaining energy of the vehicle occupant can subsequently be absorbed by the airbag.
  • the belt reel and hereby the webbing are blocked by the mechanism designed, for example, in the form of a pawl, centrifugal or inertial device.
  • the blocking mechanism can be triggered either mechanically or electronically by the electronic control unit, for example in response to a corresponding signal from an acceleration or centrifugal force sensor.
  • the belt force limitation becomes active.
  • some systems guide the flow of force via a torsion bar, which deforms from a predetermined belt load and thus limits the force exerted by the belt on the vehicle occupant force. In this way, the stress, in particular of the head and chest of the occupant can be reduced by the belt system.
  • Construction of the system e.g. by design of the torsion bar, set.
  • the design of the belt force limit is based on average values for the size and weight of a vehicle occupant and empirical values for the seat position, the driving or accident situation, etc. The individual differences of occupants of different weight and height are hardly considered.
  • the average designed belt force limit leads to an exaggerated force, in particular to the head and chest area of these persons and thus to an increased risk of injury.
  • the airbag can no longer absorb the remaining energy of the vehicle occupant.
  • adaptive safety belt systems which improve the position and physical characteristics of vehicle occupants. capture.
  • various sensors are mounted in the vehicle interior to detect the weight and relative position of the occupants of a vehicle. From the sensor information, a control device then determines the data required for setting an individual force limitation, so that the respective persons can be braked with the least possible risk of injury.
  • ultrasound, infrared or inductive systems are used which, for example, detect the position of an occupant by means of a three-dimensional pattern recognition.
  • the weight of a vehicle occupant is preferably determined by weight sensors mounted in the lower part of the seat frame or on the floor panel.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a sensor and a measuring method, by means of which the loads occurring on a belt can be detected directly on the belt without affecting the wearing comfort of the belt.
  • the invention comprises a measuring device for determining belt forces with a belt, at least one fibrous sensor which is designed such that at least a first electrical characteristic of the fibrous sensor changes as it is stretched, and a supplementary circuit for converting the first electrical characteristic into a first electrical one Measuring signal representing the first electrical characteristic or its change.
  • the at least one fibrous sensor is textile-bonded to the webbing so that stretching of the webbing causes the fibrous sensor to stretch.
  • the invention further comprises a restraining belt system having a corresponding measuring device, a belt force limiting device, a measuring signal processing device for generating at least one control signal using the or the electrical signals generated by the supplement or the circuit and a control device for controlling the Gurtkraftbegrenzungs worn based on the at least a control signal of the signal processing device, wherein the control device is designed to control the Gurtkraftbegrenzungs planted based on the control signal so that the control signal corresponding control of Gurt Weghaltekraft is effected.
  • the invention enables the direct detection of the loads on a webbing, for example an occupant restraint system, by transferring the strain of the webbing caused by the load to one or more strain gauges attached to the webbing, and the change in an electrically detectable property caused thereby of the sensor is available as a further processable signal.
  • the measuring device preferably has at least one further fibrous measuring sensor, which is joined to the webbing textile in such a way that an expansion of the webbing essentially does not cause any expansion of the further fibrous measuring transducer.
  • a reference sensor can be realized with the disturbances such as temperature fluctuations can be detected independently of the elongation of the webbing.
  • a corresponding strain-sensitive recording of the further sensor can be advantageously achieved by joining the other fibrous sensor in the webbing according to an arrangement comprising one or more obliquely and / or transversely to the longitudinal direction of the webbing extending portions of the other sensor.
  • the measuring device has at least two fibrous measuring sensors, which are each joined to the webbing in such a way that an expansion of the webbing causes an expansion of the respective fibrous measuring transducer.
  • the expansion of a portion of the webbing can be measured independently of the expansion of other portions of the webbing, on the other hand, the conditions for a data acquisition with low line disturbance influences can be created.
  • the measuring device has at least two fibrous measuring sensors which are each joined to the webbing in such a way that an expansion of the webbing substantially does not cause any stretching of the respective fibrous measuring transducer.
  • At least the at least one fibrous sensor is fabricated into the webbing so that stretching of the webbing in one or more portions of the webbing causes the fibrous sensor to stretch while stretching the webbing in one or more different portions of the webbing does not cause stretching of the fibrous sensor.
  • the supplemental circuit preferably comprises a Wheatstone bridge circuit.
  • the supplementary circuit is expediently mounted in the region of a belt end.
  • the at least one fibrous measuring sensor is designed such that at least one further electrical characteristic value of the fibrous measuring sensor changes with the temperature of the fibrous measuring sensor, so that it can be determined whether a person or an object in which a belt Force limitation would be counterproductive, for example, a television with a cathode ray tube, is held by the webbing.
  • the supplementary circuit can be designed to convert the further electrical characteristic value into a further electrical measurement signal which represents the further electrical characteristic value or its change.
  • the restraining belt system equipped with one of the above-mentioned measuring devices may advantageously be designed to cause the belt force limitation by frictional forces, the belt force limiting device preferably comprising a self-reinforcing friction brake.
  • FIG. 1 shows a restraint system with a measuring device for determining belt forces
  • Figure 2 shows two arrangements of a fibrous transducer with multiple guidance
  • FIG. 3 shows a measuring device for determining belt forces with two strain-sensitive and two strain-sensitive sensors in full-bridge connection on a supplementary circuit.
  • FIG. 1 shows a 3-point safety belt system 100 with a measuring device for determining belt forces.
  • the measuring device is not limited to use in 3-point safety belt systems, but can also with other occupant restraint systems, such as pelvic or shoulder straps.
  • the webbing 1 contains at least one fibrous measuring transducer 2 with electrical characteristics, of which at least one changes when the fibrous measuring transducer 2 expands.
  • the sensor 2 is incorporated in the webbing 1 so that it forms a composite with the base material of the webbing 1.
  • the webbing 1 is partially received in a Gurtkraftbegrenzungs- device 5, which usually includes a belt reel. On the Gurtrolle the unissued part of the webbing 1 is wound up.
  • a control device 6 attached to the belt force limiting device 5 controls the delivery of the webbing 1.
  • the belt force limiting device 5 comprises a mechanism for drawing in the webbing 1, which winds the webbing 1 onto the belt reel when not in use and thus between the fastenings - And the or the deflection 7 holds tight.
  • the control device 6 is also designed for belt tightening with used belt and the Gurtkraftbegrenzung and forms together with the Gurtkraftbegrenzungs adopted 5 e- lektromechanische interface to Gurteinzug, Gurtausgabe and tension of the webbing 1 according to a on the
  • Control signal line transmitted control electrical signal.
  • the webbing may be guided over one or more deflectors 7, which serve to reduce the force acting on the belt
  • the pawl 9 With the pawl 9, the occupant can attach the belt to a (not shown in the figure) buckle.
  • the buckle also includes a diverter.
  • a supplementary circuit 4 is attached, which completes the sensor 2 to a sensor.
  • a sensor is generally understood to be a measuring sensor with which certain physical or chemical properties in the surroundings of the sensor of the sensor can be detected quantitatively or qualitatively in the form of one or more measured variables.
  • the supplementary circuit 4 serves to convert one or more electrical characteristic values of the fibrous measuring sensor or a change in the electrical characteristic or values into one or more electrical measuring signals, which respectively represent the corresponding characteristic value or its change.
  • the sensor (s) 2 and 3 are suitably connected to the supplementary circuit.
  • a wiring device 10 may be provided at the other end of the webbing, which connects the ends of the respective sensors 2 and 3 in a predetermined manner electrically.
  • the wiring device 10 can also have electrical connections to the supplementary circuit 4. sen, which are preferably performed in the webbing 1. However, it is also possible to guide the electrical connections in a guided outside the webbing 1 signal line 13.
  • the measuring signals generated by the supplementary circuit 4 are conducted via the measuring signal line 11 to a measuring signal processing device 12.
  • the Meßsignal kausein- device 12 generates one or more control signals, which are transmitted via the control signal line 8 to the control device 6 for controlling the Gurteinückhaltekraft.
  • All signal lines can be designed as multi-wire electrical connections, so that each signal has its own cable. However, the signal lines can also be designed so that different signals are transmitted on identical connections by means of telecommunications. A redundant, possibly temporally offset transmission of identical signals via different electrical connections is also possible.
  • the sensor is preferably made of a material that can be used as a fiber, i. as a thin in relation to the length and thus flexible structure, is formed, and the elongation at a change of at least one electrical characteristic value, for example, a potential or resistance, having.
  • Suitable materials are, in particular, metals and metal alloys, but also semiconductors and conductive polymers.
  • a corresponding sensor is referred to in this document as a fiber DMS.
  • a tensile stress of the fibrous sensor causes the fiber length 1 to increase by .DELTA.l.
  • the ratio of the change in length .DELTA.l to the original fiber length 1 is referred to as elongation.
  • stretching of the fiber leads to a change in their ohmic resistance, which in the geometric Deformation, such as a reduction in cross-section, and the structural change of the fiber is justified.
  • the relative change in resistance of the fiber by stretching becomes according to Karl Hoffmann, "An Introduction to the Technique of Measurement with Strain Gages", Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik
  • Equation (1) dR is the resistance change by strain
  • R is the fiber's resistance in the unstretched state
  • ⁇ is the strain ⁇ l / l 0 of the fiber
  • v is the transverse number
  • dp is the change in resistivity by strain of the fiber
  • p is the resistivity the fiber in the unstretched state.
  • the webbing 1 and the fibrous measuring sensor 2 are preferably connected by textile joining.
  • the textile joint may e.g. by weaving or knitting, but also by lamination or the like can be realized.
  • the positive and / or non-positive connection achieved by textile joining ensures the production of a stable composite material consisting of fibrous measuring sensor 2 and webbing 1.
  • the senor 2 is designed as a thin wire which extends in the longitudinal direction of the belt 1.
  • the sensor 2 can meander (a) or loop (b) in FIG Belt be arranged.
  • Such an arrangement of a fiber DMS is generally referred to as a measuring grid.
  • the fiber strain gage extends only over a portion of the strap length that actually encounters the load to be restrained by an occupant. Typically, this portion relates to the portion of the webbing which is in contact with the body of an occupant.
  • the fiber DMS can be arranged in several portions of the webbing, with some of the subregions can overlap.
  • the connection of the individual fiber strain gauges to the supplementary circuit 4 or with each other is preferably carried out by means of strain-insensitive electrical connections. The latter can be realized by materials whose resistance change dR during elongation is negligible compared to the change in resistance of the individual fiber strain gages.
  • the sensitivity to stretching can also be achieved by the type of textile joining of the connections in the webbing, for example in the form of a zigzag-shaped cable routing.
  • the changes in resistance dR of a fiber strain gauge are generally not large enough to be measured with a commercially available ohmmeter. Therefore, a measurement circuit is required which can reliably detect small resistance changes and convert them into a corresponding signal.
  • the use of a Wheatstones bridge circuit has proved to be particularly advantageous, the fiber DMS forming one of the resistors of the bridge circuit.
  • a corresponding arrangement in which the supplementary circuit contains 3 fixed resistors of the bridge is known as the quarter bridge.
  • the quarter-bridge circuit is sensitive to interference, which also leads to a change in the resistance of the fiber strain gages.
  • the main disturbing factor at A safety belt consists in the temperature change of the fiber strain gage due to climatic fluctuations in the vehicle and the heat transfer at the points of contact of the webbing and the thus secured occupant.
  • the temperature-induced changes in resistance overlap the changes in resistance caused by an expansion, so that the measurement signal is corrupted.
  • the quarter-bridge circuit is supplemented by means of a compensation fiber DMS 3 to a half-bridge circuit, in which the compensation fiber DMS 3 replaces another fixed resistor of the supplementary circuit.
  • the compensation fiber strain gauge 3 is designed such that its change in resistance as a function of the disturbance variable takes place in the same way as in the case of the fiber strain gauge used for strain measurement.
  • the arrangement of the compensating fiber strain gauge 3 in the webbing 1, however, must ensure that stretching of the webbing does not result in any appreciable resistance change of the compensating fiber strain gauge 3. This is achieved by the stretching direction of the webbing 1 is not parallel to the longitudinal direction of the compensation fiber strain gauge 3 but obliquely thereto.
  • the compensation fiber DMS 3 is therefore performed as shown in Figure 1 in the form of a zigzag line in the webbing.
  • the compensation fiber strain gauge 3 can cross the strain-sensitive fiber DMS as shown, but it can also be performed in addition to this.
  • two strain-sensitive fiber strain gauges 2 arranged in the webbing 1 and two strain-compensated fiber DMSs 3 are connected in a full-bridge circuit to the supplementary circuit as shown in FIG.
  • a full-bridge circuit all four bridge elements are formed by the fiber strain gages 2 and 3 outside the supplemental circuit.
  • the supplementary circuit 4 is suitably designed so that the bridge circuit can be supplied with a bridge input or supply voltage and the bridge output voltage can be tapped.
  • the supplemental circuit 4 further advantageously comprises an amplifier 16 for amplifying the bridge output voltage to a required level.
  • the supplementary circuit is expediently mounted close to the fiber strain gauge sensors in the region of a belt end, such as mechanically protected in an envelope at the belt end.
  • the supplementary circuit 4 includes a switching device 15, by means of which the interconnection 14 of the individual fiber strain gauges can be changed so that the temperature-induced resistance changes do not compensate but add.
  • the strain-sensitive fiber strain gauges are connected in such a way that their resistance changes are compensated.
  • the values of the temperature-compensating interconnection can be compared with those of the temperature-boosting interconnection, and the temperature influence can be determined therefrom. From a corresponding temperature measurement can be determined by the measuring signal device 12, for example, whether the webbing retains a person or an object.
  • the belt force limitation would be activated in order to guide it gently into the impact pad.
  • the Gurtkraftbegrenzung would preferably not be activated.
  • the supplementary circuit 4 can comprise a plurality of partial circuits, each formed to form a measuring bridge with the fiber strain gages of a subregion.
  • the measurement signals generated by the supplemental circuit 4 on the basis of the changes in one or more electrical characteristic values of the sensor (s) 2 and / or 3 transmitted via the strain of the sensor 2 and / or 3 are processed in the measurement signal processor 12 into control signals for the control device 6.
  • the control signals represent instructions for setting the belt force limit, which is transmitted via the control device 6 by the belt force limiting device.
  • Measurement signal processing device 12 and control device 6 need not necessarily be provided as separate devices, but can be implemented within a device.
  • the present invention described above enables a targeted and direct measurement of the loads occurring on a webbing of an occupant restraint system by transferring the strain of the webbing caused by the load to one or more extensometers attached to the webbing and changing the associated electrical characteristic values of the extensometer or the sensor is converted by means of a suitable supplementary circuit into a signal representing the strain.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de mesure destiné à déterminer les forces exercées par une ceinture comprenant une sangle (1), au moins un capteur de mesure fibreux (2) qui est conçu de telle sorte qu'au moins une première valeur caractéristique électrique du capteur de mesure fibreux change lors de son extension, ainsi qu'un circuit complémentaire (4) destiné à convertir la première valeur caractéristique électrique en un premier signal électrique, qui représente la première valeur caractéristique électrique ou sa modification. Le ou les capteurs de mesure fibreux (2) sont liés au textile de la sangle (1) de telle sorte qu'une extension de la sangle (1) entraîne une extension du capteur de mesure fibreux (2).
PCT/EP2007/061697 2006-11-15 2007-10-30 Ceinture en fibres à jauge de contrainte WO2008058846A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200610053949 DE102006053949A1 (de) 2006-11-15 2006-11-15 DMS-Faser-Gurt
DE102006053949.4 2006-11-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008058846A1 true WO2008058846A1 (fr) 2008-05-22

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DE (1) DE102006053949A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008058846A1 (fr)

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US20220242362A1 (en) * 2021-02-04 2022-08-04 Toyota Research Institute, Inc. Producing a force to be applied to a seatbelt in response to a deceleration of a vehicle

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DE102010005673A1 (de) 2010-01-26 2011-07-28 INA - Drives & Mechatronics GmbH & Co. OHG, 98527 Greifer für eine Handhabungseinrichtung
DE102012108036B3 (de) * 2012-08-30 2013-12-19 Liros Gmbh Seil aus Fasern und/oder Drahterzeugnissen mit einem Seilkraftaufnehmer
DE102020106559A1 (de) 2020-03-11 2021-09-16 Ntt New Textile Technologies Gmbh Textiles Trägermaterial
DE102020215262A1 (de) * 2020-12-03 2022-06-09 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Messaufbau und Verfahren zum Messen einer in einem Gurtband wirkenden Kraft

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