WO2008055496A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung dünner schichten von metall-keramik- verbundwerkstoffen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung dünner schichten von metall-keramik- verbundwerkstoffen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008055496A1 WO2008055496A1 PCT/DE2007/002039 DE2007002039W WO2008055496A1 WO 2008055496 A1 WO2008055496 A1 WO 2008055496A1 DE 2007002039 W DE2007002039 W DE 2007002039W WO 2008055496 A1 WO2008055496 A1 WO 2008055496A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cermet
- metal
- ceramic
- layers
- suspension
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910003310 Ni-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3605—Coatings of the type glass/metal/inorganic compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3644—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the metal being silver
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3668—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having electrical properties
- C03C17/3678—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having electrical properties specially adapted for use in solar cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/08—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
- C23C18/1208—Oxides, e.g. ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1225—Deposition of multilayers of inorganic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1229—Composition of the substrate
- C23C18/1241—Metallic substrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
- C23C18/1262—Process of deposition of the inorganic material involving particles, e.g. carbon nanotubes [CNT], flakes
- C23C18/127—Preformed particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
- C23C18/1275—Process of deposition of the inorganic material performed under inert atmosphere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
- C23C18/1283—Control of temperature, e.g. gradual temperature increase, modulation of temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/042—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material including a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxides, ZrO2, rare earth oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/20—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/30—Auxiliary coatings, e.g. anti-reflective coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
- C03C2217/43—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase
- C03C2217/46—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase
- C03C2217/47—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase consisting of a specific material
- C03C2217/475—Inorganic materials
- C03C2217/479—Metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing thin layers of metal-ceramic composites containing metallic nanoparticles and the use of the method.
- the absorber surface is the most important component of thermal solar collectors.
- a high photothermal conversion yield for such collectors can be achieved through the use of spectrally selective absorbers. These are surfaces that well absorb radiation in the terrestrial solar spectrum but strongly reflect thermal wavelengths, i. they radiate little heat from the heat they absorb. Since there is no natural material with these surface properties, the selectivity must be generated by special coatings.
- the effect of a spectral selectivity of an absorber can usually be achieved by an absorber-reflector tandem.
- the absorber layer ensures the highest solar absorption with at the same time least influence on the thermal emissivity, which is dominated by the reflector layer or the metallic substrate.
- This optical property has numerous metal-ceramic composite layers on a metallic substrate.
- Simple commercial selective solar absorbers are produced by electroplating, anodizing and chemical oxidation techniques.
- Black chrome, black zinc, Copper oxide, black cobalt, black nickel, iron oxide and pigmented alumina are the most commonly used, electrochemically produced, selective photothermal absorber layers.
- Such absorbers have solar absorptions of 0.9 and thermal emissivities of 0.1 to 0.3 and are usually temperature stable up to temperatures of 425 to 500 degrees Kelvin.
- These manufacturing processes require toxic acid baths as well as complicated combinations of metal salts.
- the wastes occurring in this manufacturing process are toxic, not environmentally friendly and difficult to handle (disposal).
- Metal-ceramic composites also called cermets, consist of a ceramic matrix in which metallic nano-particles are dispersed.
- cermets consist of a ceramic matrix in which metallic nano-particles are dispersed.
- the rather high IR transparency and simultaneous high solar absorption of many cermet layers predestine them for use as selective absorbers.
- the use of such cermet layers as absorbers is therefore widespread.
- coatings are long-term stable even under different thermal conditions.
- Optical properties of a nanocomposite coating can be easily influenced by the thickness of the layer, the volume fraction of the metallic phase, the geometry and the particle size.
- the distribution characteristic of the conductive particles can decisively influence the normalized refractive index of cermet layers. For example, a gradual increase in the concentration of metallic particles from the air cermet to the substrate causes Cermet interface a higher degree of absorption by reducing the surface reflections.
- Deposition via sputtering techniques provides a very clean process without the need for chemical baths and hazardous acids.
- This deposition technique enables high-quality optical coatings with controlled layer thickness to be obtained from high purity target materials.
- the sputtering is relatively complex and expensive, since high-tech voltage sources and large vacuum chambers or clean room conditions are required, as well as a precise control and regulation system, the composition of the gas, the layer thickness and the pressure conditions to be able to adjust. Overall, the technology is also relatively energy consuming.
- solar absorber coatings are a cheaper option, but they have a very high thermal emissivity of 80-90%, which is caused by vibration modes of the built-in organic polymer binder, and suffer from poor long-term stability.
- the use of organically modified silicone resins has improved the stability of such paints.
- paint-based absorbers are generally classified in the group of non-selective or moderately selective absorbers.
- Niihara Reduction and Sintering of a Nickel-Dispersed Alumina Composite and Us Properties J. Am. Ceram Soc 50 (1997) 1139-1148 and T. Sekino, T. Nakajima and K. Nuhara, Mechanical and Magnetic properties of nickel dispersed alumina-based nanocomposites. Mater. Lett. 29_ (1996) 165-169). These methods have been used to prepare bulk samples having metal contents of 5-30% in the composite at metal particle sizes of about 40-150 nm. In recent decades, various spectrally selective Ni-Al 2 O 3 composite films have been produced by different methods. These were prepared on a laboratory scale by planar RF magnetron sputtering using hot pressed Ni-Al 2 O 3 targets.
- pigmented alumina coatings are used commercially in solar collectors, they are generally not considered to be particularly selective.
- Ni-aluminum layers were fabricated from a Ni-Al 2 O 3 -SoI having a solar absorption of 0.83 and a thermal emission of 0.03 with a cermet layer having a nickel content of 65%.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method for producing thin layers of metal-ceramic composites, which is very simple, reliable and inexpensive, allows layers of good spectral selectivity, which are resistant to humidity and high temperatures and which are different Apply materials. According to the invention this object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.
- the dependent claims indicate advantageous embodiments.
- a preferred use of the method is the coating of cermet-based selective solar absorber.
- one or more thin cermet layers with a thickness of 50 to 2000 nm are deposited on the substrate by immersing metallic substrates in a stabilized aqueous or organic suspension.
- the suspension consists of alcoholic or aqueous solution in which ceramic nanoparticles whose primary particle size is smaller than 30 nm are dispersed.
- the metallic portion of the cermet is as metal ions.
- the suspension is electrostatically or sterically stabilized depending on the type of solvent (water or alcohol). In order to eliminate agglomerates or aggregates, the suspension is well dispersed by means of mechanical and ultrasonic dispersion techniques.
- the materials required for this are relatively inexpensive and easy to obtain. It proves to be advantageous that no toxic acid baths, which must be disposed of appropriately, are necessary.
- the metallic and the ceramic filling degree in the thin film or the composite material can be easily adjusted by adjusting the concentration of the dissolved metal ions in the solution.
- the prepared suspension can be used up by spraying or dipping onto a reflector substrate.
- this procedure is also suitable for mass production for coating large surfaces.
- another advantage of this process is the coating of almost any surface, not just flat surfaces.
- any substrate suitable for solar absorber can be used.
- the substrate is made of a low emissivity metal or metal alloy, for example, copper or aluminum. If glass tubes or glass substrates are used, the glass can first coated with silver using Tollens reagent to achieve a similar effect. After drying, the cermet layer can be applied.
- the metallic portion of the cermet from the group Cu, Ni, Fe, Cr, Zn, Ti, Ag, Co, Al, Pd and Zr can be formed in the form of corresponding metal salts.
- AlN can, SiO 2, TiO 2, ZrO 2, Y 2 O 3, WO 3, Ta 2 O 5, V 2 O 5 , Nb 2 O 5 , CeO 2 or a mixture of 2 or 3 different nanopowders.
- multiple layers of different metal content are sequentially applied to reduce reflection loss at the surface.
- the optical properties of the coating overall can thus be adjusted particularly well.
- the individual layers can be applied one after the other, whenever the previously applied layer has dried.
- Starting material are substrates of copper and aluminum.
- the surfaces are subjected to a fine polishing before their coating.
- the removal of the surface roughness allows a uniform application of the layers without unwanted deposits on disturbing bumps.
- the substrates are cleaned by means of ethanol and distilled water.
- a metal salt eg here nickel salt (the amount depends on the desired metallic content in the layer)
- a metal salt eg here nickel salt (the amount depends on the desired metallic content in the layer)
- nano-Al 2 O 3 powder having an average particle size of 5-30 nm is added.
- the mixture is allowed to mechanically disperse for 30 minutes under controlled temperature (cooling) and at high speed.
- the entire suspension is stabilized electrostatically or electrosterically (depends on the solvent).
- Ultrasonic dispersion can additionally be used to achieve a finer particle size distribution.
- wetting and adhesion agents are added to the suspension to improve substrate wetting and film adhesion.
- the solution is filtered with sub-micron filters.
- the substrates are immersed in the vorumblete suspension.
- the part to be coated should remain submerged for a few seconds to reach a state of equilibrium between the substrate and the solution.
- the substrate is withdrawn from the bath under controlled conditions and at a constant rate.
- the part to be coated After the part to be coated has been removed from the bath, it is dried in a drying cabinet.
- the dried samples of a thermal treatment subjected to a corresponding hardness of the coating can be done in an oven at about 500 K up to 1000 K.
- the sintering is carried out under a pure hydrogen or forming gas atmosphere to reduce oxide phases of nickel and to avoid any oxidation of the substrate.
- FIG. 1 shows an absorber-reflector tandem for a Ni-Al 2 O 3 absorber with (FIG. 1 b) and without antireflection coating (FIG. described.
- FIG. 2 shows microscopic 2 images of the surface (FIG. 2 a) and of the cross section (FIG. 2 b) of a deposited Ni-Al 2 O 3 layer which has been deposited by the method according to claim 1.
- Ni content in the cermet layer to 20% by weight and depositing individual cermet layers with different layer thicknesses (obtainable by changing the pulling rate) on a polished Al substrate gives the selectivity shown in FIG.
- the sample which contains adhesives, proves the absorbance of 0.87 and a thermal emissivity of 0.08.
- a final antireflection coating can further enhance the optical properties.
- FIG. 3 shows the reflectance of Ni-Al 2 O 3 absorbers without antireflection layer, which contain 20% by weight of Ni and were deposited on an aluminum substrate by means of dipping processes with different drawing speeds (different layer thicknesses). The influence of adhesive on the reflection curve is additionally shown.
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- Nanotechnology (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
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BRPI0718831-5A BRPI0718831A2 (pt) | 2006-11-10 | 2007-11-12 | Método para a produção de camadas finais de materiais compostos de metal-cerâmica |
CA002668736A CA2668736A1 (en) | 2006-11-10 | 2007-11-12 | A method for the production of thin layers of metal-ceramic composite materials |
AU2007317053A AU2007317053B2 (en) | 2006-11-10 | 2007-11-12 | Method for the production of thin layers of metal-ceramic composite materials |
US12/513,902 US20100035081A1 (en) | 2006-11-10 | 2007-11-12 | Method for the production of thin layers of metal-ceramic composite materials |
MX2009005005A MX2009005005A (es) | 2006-11-10 | 2007-11-12 | Un metodo para la produccion de capas delgadas de materiales mixtos de metal-ceramica. |
JP2009535560A JP2010509498A (ja) | 2006-11-10 | 2007-11-12 | 金属セラミック複合材の薄層を製造する方法 |
EP07846323A EP2122270A1 (de) | 2006-11-10 | 2007-11-12 | Verfahren zur herstellung dünner schichten von metall-keramik- verbundwerkstoffen |
IL198351A IL198351A0 (en) | 2006-11-10 | 2009-04-23 | Method for the production of thin layers of metal-ceramic composite materials |
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EP (1) | EP2122270A1 (de) |
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CN (1) | CN101600915A (de) |
AU (1) | AU2007317053B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0718831A2 (de) |
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WO2011012583A1 (de) | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Solarkollektor und verfahren zur herstellung einer lichtabsorbierenden oberfläche |
DE102010034901A1 (de) * | 2010-08-18 | 2012-02-23 | Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin Für Materialien Und Energie Gmbh | Solarthermische Anordnung |
RU2453640C2 (ru) * | 2010-04-15 | 2012-06-20 | Юрий Рэмович Залыгин | Тонкослойное керамическое покрытие, способ его получения, поверхность трения на основе тонкослойного керамического покрытия и способ ее получения |
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- 2007-11-12 EP EP07846323A patent/EP2122270A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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- 2007-11-12 WO PCT/DE2007/002039 patent/WO2008055496A1/de active Application Filing
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- 2007-11-12 US US12/513,902 patent/US20100035081A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-11-12 JP JP2009535560A patent/JP2010509498A/ja active Pending
- 2007-11-12 AU AU2007317053A patent/AU2007317053B2/en not_active Ceased
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CN101854131B (zh) * | 2009-04-01 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 一种耐高温的选择性太阳能吸收膜及其制备方法 |
WO2011012583A1 (de) | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Solarkollektor und verfahren zur herstellung einer lichtabsorbierenden oberfläche |
CN102472527A (zh) * | 2009-07-29 | 2012-05-23 | 贝洱两合公司 | 太阳能收集器以及用于制造光吸收表面的方法 |
CN102472527B (zh) * | 2009-07-29 | 2014-06-04 | 贝洱两合公司 | 太阳能收集器以及用于制造光吸收表面的方法 |
US9599370B2 (en) | 2009-07-29 | 2017-03-21 | Mahle International Gmbh | Solar collector and method for producing a light-absorbing surface |
RU2453640C2 (ru) * | 2010-04-15 | 2012-06-20 | Юрий Рэмович Залыгин | Тонкослойное керамическое покрытие, способ его получения, поверхность трения на основе тонкослойного керамического покрытия и способ ее получения |
DE102010034901A1 (de) * | 2010-08-18 | 2012-02-23 | Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin Für Materialien Und Energie Gmbh | Solarthermische Anordnung |
DE102010034901B4 (de) * | 2010-08-18 | 2016-06-02 | Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin Für Materialien Und Energie Gmbh | Solarthermische Anordnung |
EP2834574A4 (de) * | 2012-01-05 | 2015-10-07 | Norwich Technologies Inc | Hohlraumempfänger für parabolische solarmulden |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2122270A1 (de) | 2009-11-25 |
MX2009005005A (es) | 2009-07-31 |
IL198351A0 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
AU2007317053B2 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
BRPI0718831A2 (pt) | 2014-02-04 |
CN101600915A (zh) | 2009-12-09 |
CA2668736A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
AU2007317053A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
US20100035081A1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
JP2010509498A (ja) | 2010-03-25 |
KR20090080093A (ko) | 2009-07-23 |
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