WO2008023706A1 - Périphérique d'imagerie - Google Patents
Périphérique d'imagerie Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008023706A1 WO2008023706A1 PCT/JP2007/066201 JP2007066201W WO2008023706A1 WO 2008023706 A1 WO2008023706 A1 WO 2008023706A1 JP 2007066201 W JP2007066201 W JP 2007066201W WO 2008023706 A1 WO2008023706 A1 WO 2008023706A1
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- Prior art keywords
- operation period
- thinning
- image
- control unit
- frame rate
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/67—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals
- H04N23/673—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals based on contrast or high frequency components of image signals, e.g. hill climbing method
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/63—Control of cameras or camera modules by using electronic viewfinders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/40—Extracting pixel data from image sensors by controlling scanning circuits, e.g. by modifying the number of pixels sampled or to be sampled
- H04N25/42—Extracting pixel data from image sensors by controlling scanning circuits, e.g. by modifying the number of pixels sampled or to be sampled by switching between different modes of operation using different resolutions or aspect ratios, e.g. switching between interlaced and non-interlaced mode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/40—Extracting pixel data from image sensors by controlling scanning circuits, e.g. by modifying the number of pixels sampled or to be sampled
- H04N25/44—Extracting pixel data from image sensors by controlling scanning circuits, e.g. by modifying the number of pixels sampled or to be sampled by partially reading an SSIS array
- H04N25/445—Extracting pixel data from image sensors by controlling scanning circuits, e.g. by modifying the number of pixels sampled or to be sampled by partially reading an SSIS array by skipping some contiguous pixels within the read portion of the array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
- H04N3/10—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical
- H04N3/14—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical by means of electrically scanned solid-state devices
- H04N3/15—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical by means of electrically scanned solid-state devices for picture signal generation
- H04N3/155—Control of the image-sensor operation, e.g. image processing within the image-sensor
- H04N3/1562—Control of the image-sensor operation, e.g. image processing within the image-sensor for selective scanning, e.g. windowing, zooming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N2101/00—Still video cameras
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a focusing operation of an imaging apparatus. More specifically, the present invention relates to a technology that enables a high-speed focusing operation even when the subject is scooping.
- the active method is a method in which a subject is irradiated with infrared rays or ultrasonic waves, and the distance to the subject is measured by receiving infrared rays or ultrasonic waves reflected from the subject.
- the active method is often used in small silver halide cameras.
- the passive method is a method for measuring the distance based on an image captured by an optical system.
- the passive method is further divided into a phase difference detection method and a contrast detection method.
- the phase difference detection method is widely used for single-lens reflex cameras, regardless of whether it is a silver salt camera or a digital camera.
- many small digital cameras employ a contrast detection method.
- the focus lens position in the optical system where the contrast of the image obtained from the image sensor is maximized is determined as the in-focus position while gradually moving the focus lens in the optical system in the optical axis direction.
- the contrast is generally evaluated based on the high-frequency component of the image obtained from the image sensor.
- Since the evaluation of the high frequency component is performed for each frame, it is necessary to increase the readout frame rate of the image sensor in order to shorten the focusing operation period. However, when the reading frame rate of the image sensor is increased, the time for processing the output image signal of the image sensor is shortened. Therefore, the image displayed on the display unit is frozen during the focusing operation period.
- FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram of the display unit during the focusing operation period of the digital camera according to Patent Document 1. Since the subject that the user pays attention often exists in the center of the screen, only the center of the image sensor is used for the focusing operation.
- the cut-out area 501 necessary for the focusing operation is an area for reading an image signal from all pixels and displaying an image (through image) based on the image signal.
- the discharge areas 502a and 502b that are not used for the focusing operation do not process the image signal output from the image sensor, and freeze the image based on the image signal output from the image sensor immediately before the focusing operation period. It is an area to do.
- the cutout area 501 processes the image signal output from the image pickup element, so that it is possible to perform through display in the cutout area 501.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-300457
- An object of the present invention is to provide an imaging apparatus capable of performing a through display in all regions of all frames in a focusing operation period.
- the first configuration of the imaging apparatus of the present invention is an imaging having a normal operation period and a focusing operation period.
- An image pickup device capable of thinning out an image signal of a subject, a first signal processing unit that converts the image signal into image data, and a second signal processing unit that converts the image data into display data
- a display unit that displays an image based on the display data, a reading frame rate control unit that changes a reading frame rate of the imaging element, and a thinning control unit that changes a thinning rate of the imaging element
- the readout frame rate control unit controls to read out the image signal from the image sensor at a readout frame rate higher than the normal operation period during the focusing operation period, and the thinning control unit performs the focusing operation In the frame immediately before the operation period and the focusing operation period, the image signal is read out from the image sensor at a thinning rate larger than the normal operation period. Control Gosuru is intended.
- a second configuration of the imaging apparatus of the present invention is an imaging apparatus having a normal operation period and a focusing operation period, an imaging element for generating an image signal of a subject, and the image signal as an image data.
- a first signal processing unit that converts the image data into a display data
- a second signal processing unit that converts the thinned image data into display data
- a display unit that displays an image; a read frame rate control unit that changes a read frame rate of the image sensor; and a thinning control unit that changes a thinning rate of the second signal processing unit, and the read frame rate
- the control unit controls to read out the image signal from the image sensor at a reading frame rate higher than that in the normal operation period during the focusing operation period, and the thinning-out control unit performs the focusing operation
- the second signal processing unit is controlled to convert the image data into the display data at a thinning rate larger than the normal operation period.
- a third configuration of the imaging device of the present invention is an imaging device having a normal operation period and a focusing operation period, an imaging element capable of thinning out an image signal of a subject, and the image signal
- a first signal processing unit for converting to image data
- a second signal processing unit capable of thinning the image data
- converting the thinned image data to display data and an image based on the display data.
- a display unit for displaying, a readout frame rate control unit for changing a readout frame rate of the image sensor, and a decimation rate for the image sensor.
- a first decimation control unit and a second decimation control unit that changes a decimation rate of the second signal processing unit, and the read frame rate control unit is configured to perform the Control is performed so that the image signal is read from the image sensor at a reading frame rate higher than the normal operation period, and the first thinning control unit is larger than the normal operation period in the focusing operation period.
- the image signal is controlled to be read from the image sensor at a thinning rate
- the second thinning control unit is configured to perform the second thinning control unit at a thinning rate larger than the normal operation period in a frame immediately before the focusing operation period.
- the second signal processing unit controls to convert the image data into the display data.
- a fourth configuration of the imaging apparatus of the present invention is an imaging apparatus having a normal operation period and a focusing operation period, an imaging element capable of thinning out a subject image signal, and the image signal
- a first signal processing unit for converting to image data
- a second signal processing unit capable of thinning the image data
- converting the thinned image data to display data and an image based on the display data.
- a display unit for displaying, a readout frame rate control unit for changing a readout frame rate of the imaging device, a first thinning control unit for changing a thinning rate of the imaging device, and a thinning of the second signal processing unit.
- a second decimation control unit that changes the rate, and the readout frame rate control unit is configured to read from the image sensor at a readout frame rate higher than the normal operation period during the focusing operation period.
- the second thinning control unit controls the second signal processing unit to read the image signal at a thinning rate larger than the normal operation period during the focusing operation period.
- the first thinning control unit controls the image sensor at a thinning rate larger than the normal operation period in a frame immediately before the focusing operation period. From which the image signal is read out.
- the image signal of the image sensor is read at a thinning rate larger than the thinning rate during the normal operation period. Even if the image quality increases, the output image signal of the image sensor in the frame immediately before the focusing operation period can be processed in the first frame of the focusing operation period.
- the focusing operation period is also displayed on the display unit. Through display can be performed in all areas. As a result, it is possible to perform through display for all areas of all frames in the focusing operation period.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a digital camera according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of a focusing operation process.
- FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing a transition from a normal operation period to a focusing operation period in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing a transition from the focusing operation period to the normal operation period.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a digital camera according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing a transition from a normal operation period to a focusing operation period in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a digital camera according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 8 is a timing chart showing a transition from a normal operation period to a focusing operation period in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the display unit during the focusing operation period of the digital camera according to Patent Document 1.
- the imaging apparatus of the present invention can take the following various modes based on the above-described configuration.
- the thinning rate in a frame immediately before the focusing operation period can be configured to be smaller than the thinning rate in the focusing operation period.
- the thinning control unit may be configured to change a thinning rate of a predetermined number of frames following the focusing operation period.
- the readout frame rate control unit is higher than the readout frame rate in the focusing operation period higher than the readout frame rate in the normal operation period in the frame immediately before the focusing operation period.
- the image signal may be controlled to be read from the image sensor at a low readout frame rate.
- the display unit may be configured to display an image based on the display data at a display frame rate that is the same as the readout frame rate of the image sensor. With this configuration, it is possible to display the subject image more smoothly and continuously during the focusing operation period.
- the display unit is configured to display an image based on the display data at the same display frame rate as the readout frame rate of the imaging element in the normal operation period even in the focusing operation period. be able to.
- the display frame rate does not change even during the focusing operation period, and it is possible to avoid the occurrence of discomfort due to the change in the display frame rate.
- a brightness detection unit that detects the brightness of the subject is further provided, and the readout frame rate control unit is configured to perform the focusing operation period according to the brightness of the subject detected by the brightness detection unit.
- the read frame rate can be changed. With this configuration, when the subject is dark, the readout frame rate is lowered to ensure a longer exposure time, and when the subject is bright, the readout frame rate is increased to further shorten the focusing operation period. be able to.
- the read frame rate control unit is configured to change the read frame rate of the frame immediately before the focusing operation period in accordance with the brightness of the subject detected by the luminance detection unit. It can. With such a configuration, when the subject is dark, the readout frame rate of the frame immediately before the focusing operation period is lowered. This makes it possible to increase the exposure time. On the other hand, when the subject is bright, the exposure time may be short, so the reading frame rate of the frame immediately before the focusing operation period is increased. As a result, the focusing operation period can be further shortened.
- the readout frame rate control unit is configured to read from the image sensor after a plurality of frame periods of the focusing operation period. It can be configured to control to read out the image signal. With this configuration, the same effect as that obtained by lowering the reading frame rate can be obtained.
- the image processing apparatus further includes a pixel mixture control unit that changes the number of pixel mixtures of the image sensor.
- the pixel mixture control unit can be configured to control to read out the image signal from the image sensor with a larger number of pixel mixtures than in the normal operation period during the focusing operation period.
- the readout frame rate control unit is based on the readout frame rate in the normal operation period in the in-focus operation period if the number of pixel mixture in the normal operation period is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. Therefore, it is possible to control to read out the image signal from the image sensor. With such a configuration, it is possible to prevent the light amount from being further reduced during the focusing operation period when the light amount of the subject is already small during the normal operation period. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the focusing operation from becoming unstable.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a digital camera according to an embodiment.
- the optical system 101 forms an image of a subject on a CCD 102 (CCD: Charge Coupled Device).
- the optical system 101 includes a plurality of lens groups (not shown), and includes a focus lens 101a.
- the focus lens 101a focuses the image of the subject on the CCD 102 by moving in the direction of the optical axis 101b in the lens barrel holding the lens group.
- the CCD 102 converts an optical image of the imaged subject into an electrical signal (image signal) and outputs it.
- the AFE (Analog Front End) 103 converts the image signal output from the analog CCD signal 102 to the digital image data and passes it to the SD RAMI 05 (Syncronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) via the bus 109. I ’m within the limits.
- the AFE103 is a CDS (Correlated Double Sampling) circuit that removes noise components from the image signal, an AGC (Automatic Gain Control) amplifier that adjusts the size of the image signal, and an A / D converter that converts the analog signal to a digital signal. LSI not shown)
- the signal processing LSI 104 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 104a, a signal processing unit 104b, The thinning control unit 104c and the focusing control unit 104d are configured.
- the CPU 104a performs overall control of the signal processing LSI 104 according to instructions recorded in 1 ⁇ 0 ⁇ [(13 ⁇ 4 & (1 Only Memory, not shown) in the signal processing 1 ⁇ 1104.
- the image data stored in the SDR AM 105 by the AFE 103 is converted into display image data suitable for display on an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) 107 (hereinafter referred to as display data) and output to the LCD 107.
- LCD Liquid Crystal Display
- the signal processing LSI 104 starts the focusing operation period when the shirt button 108 is pressed halfway while the display data is being output to the LCD 107. Further, the signal processing LS 1104 controls each part so as to perform photographing when the shirt button 108 is fully pressed.
- the signal processing unit 104b converts the image data stored in the SDRAM 105 into recording data when the image data stored in the SDRAM 105 is image data shot by fully pressing the shirt button 108. Then, control is performed so that recording is performed on the memory card 106.
- the signal processing unit 104b converts the recording data recorded on the memory card 106 into display data, and causes the LCD 107 to display an image based on the display data.
- the signal processing unit 104 b obtains the strength of the high-frequency component of the image data stored in the SDRAM 105 when the focusing operation period is started by pressing the shirt button 108 halfway.
- the high-frequency component of the image data can be obtained by converting the image data to spatial frequency data by Fourier transform, discrete cosine transform, wavelet transform, etc.
- the focus control unit 104d sends a drive signal to the motor drive IC 111 based on the information of the high frequency component sent from the signal processing unit 104b, and moves the focus lens 101a to the telephoto side or the wide angle side by a minute distance. After moving the focus lens 101a by a minute distance, the signal processing unit 104b obtains the strength of the high frequency component of the image data stored in the SDRAM 105 again. The focus control unit 104d repeats the above operation to move the focus lens 101a to a focus position where the intensity of the high frequency component is maximized.
- the thinning control unit 104c controls to thin out and read out the image signal of the CCD 102. Further, it has a function of changing the thinning rate. If the image signal of the CCD 102 is thinned and read out, the number of image signals to be read decreases, so that reading can be performed at high speed. Thinning The control unit 104c also has a function of changing the readout frame rate of the CCD 102. The thinning control unit 104c sends a drive signal to the CCD driving IC 110 to instruct a change in the thinning rate.
- the exposure meter 112 detects the brightness of the subject and notifies the CPU 104a.
- the CCD 102 is an example of an image sensor of the present invention.
- the AFE 103 is an example of a first signal processing unit of the present invention.
- the signal processing unit 104b is an example of a second signal processing unit of the present invention.
- the LCD 107 is an example of a display unit of the present invention.
- the thinning control unit 104c includes the functions of the read frame rate control unit and the thinning control unit of the present invention.
- the exposure meter 112 is an example of a luminance detection unit of the present invention.
- the signal processing LSI 104 including the AFE 103 corresponding to the first signal processing unit of the present invention and the signal processing unit 104b corresponding to the second signal processing unit of the present invention is configured by a single LSI. It may be done.
- the thinning control unit 104c may be included in the signal processing unit 104b.
- the CPU 104a may be configured to execute the function of the thinning control unit 104c.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of the focusing operation process.
- the focusing operation is started (YES in S201).
- the CCD 102 periodically outputs an image signal during the focusing operation period.
- the AFE 103 updates and stores the image signal output from the CCD 102 in the SDRAM 105.
- the signal processing unit 104b obtains the intensity of the high frequency component of the current image data output from the AFE 103 (S202).
- the focusing control unit 104d controls the motor driving IC 111 based on the intensity of the high frequency component obtained by the signal processing unit 104b to move the focus lens 10la to the telephoto side by a minute distance. (S203).
- the signal processing unit 104b obtains the intensity of the high frequency component of the image data output from the AFE 103 again (S204).
- the signal processing unit 104b determines that the intensity of the high-frequency component after movement of the focus lens 101a is greater than the intensity of the high-frequency component before movement of the focus lens 101a (NO in S205), S203, Repeat the process of S204. [0047] On the other hand, if the intensity of the high-frequency component after movement of the focus lens 101a is smaller than the intensity of the high-frequency component before movement of the focus lens 101a (YES in S205), the signal processing unit 104b performs focus control. A lens movement command is output to the unit 104d. The focus control unit 104d controls the motor drive IC 111 based on the command from the signal processing unit 104b to move the focus lens 101a to the wide angle side by a minute distance (S206).
- the signal processing unit 104b obtains the strength of the high frequency component of the image data output from the AFE 103 again (S207).
- the signal processing unit 104b repeats the processes of S206 and S207.
- the signal processing unit 104b When the intensity of the high frequency component after the movement of the focus lens 101a becomes smaller than the intensity of the high frequency component before the movement of the focus lens 101a (determination of YES in S208), the signal processing unit 104b once sets the focus lens 101a. Is moved by a small distance to the telephoto side (S209), and the process is terminated.
- the in-focus position of the focus lens 101a at which the intensity of the high frequency component of the image data is maximized is obtained.
- FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing the transition from the normal operation period to the focusing operation period.
- Figure 3 (a) shows the vertical sync signal.
- tl to t7 indicate the period for setting the readout frame rate and decimation rate.
- FIG. 3 (b) shows the read frame rate and thinning rate set in the corresponding frame, and the set read frame rate and thinning rate are effective in the next frame.
- Fig. 3 (c) schematically shows an image based on the image data output from the CCD 102 and stored in the SDRA M105. In the image shown in Fig. 3 (c), the degree of thinning is indicated by the fineness of the stripe, and the stripe becomes rougher as the thinning rate increases.
- FIG. 3 (c) shows the image based on the image data output from the CCD 102 and stored in the SDRA M105.
- the degree of thinning is indicated by the fineness of the stripe, and the stripe becomes rougher as the thinning rate increases.
- Fig. 3 (c) shows the timing of signal processing in which the signal processing unit 104b converts image data into display data.
- the Fig. 3 (e) schematically shows an image based on the display data.
- an image 21 is in focus and shows an image of a state, a state, and a state.
- Frames 1 to 3 are normal operation periods, and frames 4 to 7 are focusing operation periods.
- the readout frame rate of the CCD102 is 30 fps (frame per second).
- the force focusing operation period the reading frame rate is increased to 60 fps to achieve high-speed focusing.
- the focusing operation period continues until the focusing operation is completed.
- the readout frame rate is set during the period tl to t7 (vertical synchronization period) shown in FIG. 3 (b), and the setting contents are valid from the next frame of the set frame.
- the readout frame rate is set to 30 fps.
- the read frame rate is set to 60 fps in order to set the read frame rate after frame 4 to 60 fps.
- the read frame rate after frame 4 is still set to 60 fps.
- the thinning rate is set during the period tl to t7 (vertical synchronization period) shown in FIG. 3 (b), and the setting contents are valid from the next frame of the set frame.
- the decimation rate is set to 1/3.
- the decimation rate is set to 1/6. From frame 3 onwards, the decimation rate is set to 1/9.
- an image signal is read from the CCD 102 based on the thinning rate (1/3) set in the previous frame.
- an image signal is read from the CCD 102 based on the thinning rate (1/3) set in frame 1.
- frame 3 which is the frame immediately before the focusing operation period, the image signal is read from the CCD 102 based on the thinning rate (1/6) set in frame 2.
- frames 4 to 7, which is the focusing operation period image signals are read from the CCD 102 based on the thinning rate (1/9) set in frames 3 to 6.
- the image signal is thinned and read out at a thinning rate larger than that in the normal operation period. Also in frame 3, which is the frame immediately before the focusing operation period, 2 The image signal is read from the CCD 102 with a higher decimation rate (1/6) than before.
- the number of pixels of the CCD 102 is about several million to 10 million pixels, whereas the number of pixels of the LCD 107 is only several hundred thousand pixels. Therefore, when displaying an image of a subject on the LCD 107, display data is generated by performing YC separation processing and reduction processing regardless of the normal operation period and the focusing operation period.
- the display data generation process is performed in the next frame in which image data is stored in the SDRAM 105. That is, in frame 2, the image data stored in SDRAM 105 in frame 1 is converted into display data. In frame 3, the image data stored in SDRAM 105 in frame 2 is converted into display data.
- the thinning rate is set to 1/6 in frame 2, and the image data read out in frame 3 is converted into display data. Also, since frame 4 is a focusing operation period, the decimation rate of image data stored in SDRAM 105 is set to 1/6 in force frame 3 where the read frame rate is set to 60 fps. Processing target data is reduced and processing is possible.
- FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing the transition from the focusing operation period to the normal operation period.
- the contents of Figs. 4 (a) to (e) correspond to the contents of Figs. 3 (a) to (e), respectively.
- an image 22 shows an image in a focused state.
- FIG. 4 it is assumed that focusing is confirmed at timing S2 in frame 10.
- the mark 23 is displayed on the image 22 as shown in Fig. 4 (e), and the system sound 24 is output to confirm that the user has focused. Inform.
- the mark 23 shown in FIG. 4 (e) is displayed until the user cancels the half-pressing operation of the shirt button 108 until the user shifts to the full-pressing operation and shoots.
- Frame 8 force, frame 11 is the focusing operation period, and frames 12 to 14 are the normal operation period.
- the readout frame rate of the CCD102 is set to 60 fps, but during normal operation period it is reduced to 30 fps.
- the readout frame rate is set during the period t8 to tl4 (vertical synchronization period) shown in Fig. 4 (b).
- the setting contents are valid from the next frame of the set frame. From frame 8 to frame 10, the readout frame rate is set to 60 fps. In frame 11, since in-focus was confirmed in frame 10, the readout frame rate was set to 30 fps in order to set the readout frame rate after frame 12 to 30 fps. The readout frame rate after frame 12 is still set to 30fps.
- the setting of the thinning rate is performed in the period t8 to tl4 (vertical synchronization period) shown in FIG. 4 (b), and the setting contents are valid from the next frame of the set frame.
- the focus was confirmed at frame 10 where the decimation rate was set to 1/9. Therefore, in frame 11, the image from CCD 102 was obtained at decimation rate 1/3 after frame 12.
- the decimation rate after frame 12 is still set to 1/3.
- an image signal is read from CCD 102 based on the thinning rate 1/9 set in frames 7 to 10.
- frame 12 to frame 14 which is a normal operation period, the image signal is read out from the CCD 102 based on the thinning rate 1/3 set in frames 11 to 13.
- the display data generation process is performed in the next frame in which the image data is stored in the SDRAM 105.
- the image data read at the thinning rate 1/9 in frame 11 is converted into display data.
- Frame 12 has a readout frame rate of 30 fps because it is a normal operation period, and the image data stored in frame 11 is read out at a thinning rate of 1/9, so the data to be processed has decreased. It can be processed with a margin.
- the image signal of the CCD 102 is read at a thinning rate larger than the thinning rate during the normal operation period.
- Image data can be processed even in the first frame of the focusing operation period when the frame rate has increased to 60 fps. As a result, there is no power to display full screen freeze in the first frame of the focusing operation period. In addition, since the image signal is thinned out and read out during the focusing operation period, a part of the screen is not frozen.
- the thinning control unit 104c instructs the CCD driving IC 110 to change the thinning rate.
- the image signal output from the CCD 102 is stored in the SDRAM 105 in a state where the image signal is decimated larger than the normal operation period. Power is not limited to this.
- the thinning control unit 104c may instruct the signal processing unit 104b to change the thinning rate.
- the image signal output from the CCD 102 is stored in the SDRAM 105 at the same decimation rate as in the normal operation period.
- the signal processing unit 104b reads out the image data stored in the SDRAM 105 while thinning out the image data stored in the SDRAM 105 larger than the normal operation period in the focusing operation period and the frame immediately before the focusing operation period. This makes it possible to shorten the processing time required for YC separation and reduction processing.
- a method of thinning out an image signal output from the CCD 102 (hereinafter referred to as method 1) and an image when the signal processing unit 104b generates display data as described above.
- a method of thinning data (hereinafter referred to as method 2) may be combined.
- the details of this configuration will be described in the second embodiment.
- the second decimation control unit of the present invention performs decimation by the method 2
- the first decimation control unit of the present invention performs the method 1.
- thin out The reverse is also possible. This makes it possible to select the optimum thinning method.
- the thinning control unit 104c includes the functions of the read frame rate control unit and the thinning control unit of the present invention, and even when the method 1 and the method 2 are combined,
- the read frame rate control unit, the first decimation control unit, and the second decimation control unit of the present invention may be integrated! /, And separated! /, May! /.
- the frame thinning rate immediately before the focusing operation period is an intermediate value between the thinning rate during the normal operation period and the thinning rate during the focusing operation period.
- the force that directly changes from the thinning rate 1/9 to the thinning rate 1/3 is not limited to this.
- the frame immediately after the focusing operation period may be controlled so that the thinning rate is 1/6.
- the predetermined number of frames after the focusing operation period may be controlled to change the thinning rate stepwise from 1/9 to 1/3.
- the reading frame rate of the frame immediately before the focusing operation period is the same as the reading frame rate of the normal operation period.
- the reading frame rate of the frame immediately before the focusing operation period is set to the reading of the normal operation period. It may be lower than the readout frame rate in the focusing operation period higher than the frame rate. As a result, when the transition from the normal operation period to the in-focus operation period is performed, the readout frame rate does not change extremely, and the subject image can be displayed more smoothly and continuously.
- the position of the focus lens 101a at which the contrast of the image data is maximized is set as the focusing position. Therefore, a brighter subject is advantageous for the focusing operation. Therefore, using the brightness of the subject detected by the exposure meter 112, if the subject is dark, decrease the readout frame rate to increase the exposure time, and if the subject is bright, increase the readout frame rate.
- the focusing operation period may be further shortened. [0079] When the subject is dark, the readout frame rate of the frame immediately before the focusing operation period is lowered. As a result, the exposure time can be increased. On the other hand, when the subject is bright, the exposure time may be short, so the readout frame rate of the frame immediately before the focusing operation period is increased. Thereby, the focusing operation period can be further shortened.
- the readout frame rate during the focusing operation period is lowered. As a result, the exposure time can be increased. On the other hand, when the subject is bright, the exposure time may be short, so the reading frame rate during the focusing operation period is increased. As a result, the focusing operation period can be further shortened.
- the image signal of the CCD 102 may be read after a plurality of frames during the focusing operation period. This provides the same effect as lowering the readout frame rate.
- the display frame rate of the LCD 107 may be set to the same frame rate as the readout frame rate of the CCD 102 as in this embodiment. However, even if the readout frame rate of the CCD 102 changes, the normal operation period and the in-focus operation period are used.
- the configuration may be such that the same display frame rate is set. In the former case, it is possible to continuously display the subject image with a smoother force during the focusing operation. In the latter case, the display frame rate does not change even during the focusing operation period, and it is possible to avoid the occurrence of discomfort due to the change in the display frame rate.
- FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the imaging apparatus in the second embodiment. 5 is different from the configuration shown in FIG. 1 in that a thinning control unit 104e capable of outputting a thinning command to the signal processing unit 104b is provided instead of the thinning control unit 104c.
- FIG. 6 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- Fig. 6 (a) shows the vertical sync signal of CCD102.
- Figure 6 (b) shows the image signal read from the CCD 102 driven by the CCD drive IC110, and Al, B1, ... show the image signals for one frame (TG in the figure stands for Timing Generator). ).
- Fig. 6 (b) shows the read frame rate in each frame.
- Figure 6 (c) shows the signal processor 104. In b, the image data to be YC processed is shown, and A2, B2, ... are the image data for one frame.
- Fig. 6 (d) shows the period during which an image is displayed on the LCD 107, and the symbols A3, B3, ... shown in each image display period indicate display data for one frame displayed in each image display period. Show. S3 indicates the timing when the shirt button 108 is half-pressed. The operation will be described below.
- the CCD 102 reads out an image signal based on a readout frame rate of 30 fps as shown in FIG. 6 (b) by the drive control by the CCD drive IC 110.
- the read frame rate is set during the vertical synchronization period shown in Fig. 6 (a), and the setting contents are valid from the frame following the set frame.
- the read frame rate set in the vertical synchronization period of frame 1 is effective for the image signal B1 read from the CCD 102 in frame 2.
- the image signal read from the CCD 102 is subjected to signal processing and digital conversion by the AFE 103, and input to the signal processing unit 104b.
- the signal processing unit 104b performs YC processing on the image data output from the AFE 103. .
- the YC processing timing of the image data is further delayed by one frame from the timing of FIG. 6 (b), so that the image signal B1 read from the CCD 102 in frame 2, for example, This YC process is executed in frame 3 as shown in image data B2.
- the signal processing unit 104b converts the YC-processed image data into display data that can be displayed on the LCD 107. Since the timing for converting the image data into display data is further delayed by one frame from the timing shown in FIG. 6 (c), for example, the conversion processing of the image data B2 YC-processed in frame 3 is executed in frame 4, Display data B3 is generated.
- the LCD 107 displays an image based on the display data during the period shown in FIG.
- the thinning control unit 104e issues a thinning command to the CCD drive IC 110 during the vertical synchronization period of frame 5 immediately after that. Output.
- the image signal E1 read from the CCD 102 in the frame 5 is read from the CCD 102 based on the drive mode (no thinning process) set in the vertical synchronization period of the frame 4! I process I will not.
- the CCD driving IC 110 controls to output an image signal that has been subjected to 1/3 thinning processing from the CCD 102 at the timing of frame 6 based on the thinning command sent from the thinning control unit 104e in frame 5. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), at the timing of frame 6, an image signal F1 thinned out by 1/3 is obtained.
- the reading frame rate of the CCD 102 is a force S set to 60 fps, and the image signal is thinned out from the CCD 102 for reading, so that the time required for reading can be kept within the frame.
- the signal processing unit 104b performs 1/3 decimation processing. This is to cope with the change of the frame 6 readout frame rate from 30 fps to 60 fps. If the readout frame rate is changed to 60 fps without thinning out the image data, it will not be possible to YC process all image data for one screen, and display data E3 will not be created correctly. As a result, it is necessary to continue displaying the image based on the display data D3 at the timing when the image based on the display data E3 should be displayed, and the display on the LCD 107 freezes for a moment.
- the image signal G 1 that has been subjected to the 1/3 thinning process is output from the CCD 102. Also, since the image signal F1 read from the CCD 102 in frame 6 has already been thinned out to 1/3 when it is read from the CCD 102, the signal processing unit 104b performs the interval processing in frame 7. Shina! /
- the thinning control unit 104e reads out an image signal by performing 1/3 thinning processing from the CCD 102 in the same manner as frames 6 and 7, and the signal processing unit 104b performs thinning. Processing is not executed. Therefore, the display data output from the signal processing unit 104b in the frames ;! to 5 (normal operation period) is display data that has not been subjected to thinning processing, and from the signal processing unit 104b after frame 6 (focusing operation period). The display data that is output is the display data that has been thinned to 1/3.
- the signal processing unit 104b performs the thinning process on the image signal read from the CCD 102 in the frame immediately before the focusing operation period.
- YC processing of image data can be executed normally.
- the image signal is thinned out and read out from the CCD 102, so that a part of the screen is not freeze-displayed.
- through display can be performed in all areas of all the frames during the focusing operation period, and an excellent effect of being able to display the subject image on the LCD 107 without any discomfort during the focusing operation period. Play.
- the thinning rate in signal processing unit 104b is an example, and it is desirable to match the thinning rate of image signals in CCD 102.
- the thinning process in the signal processing unit 104b is performed when YC processing is performed on the image signal (image signal E1 in the example of FIG. 6) read from the CCD 102 in the frame immediately before the focusing operation period.
- the signal processing unit 104b may perform a thinning process even after the focusing operation period starts.
- Embodiments 1 and 2 when the shot button 108 is half-pressed, a shift is made to a so-called high-speed focusing mode in which an image signal is thinned out and output from the CCD 102. It is configured to continue to operate in the high-speed focusing mode until the half-pressing operation is released and until the shirt button 108 is fully pressed, but the normal focusing mode (image signal It is possible to shift to a mode in which focusing is performed without performing thinning processing. The transition from the high-speed focus mode to the normal focus mode is performed, for example, by monitoring the exposure time of the CCD 102 during the high-speed focus mode, and switching to the normal focus mode when the subject becomes dark and the exposure time becomes long. It may be.
- the thinning rate set by the thinning control units 104c and 104e may be plural, or may be one.
- the decimation process is performed at the set decimation rate during the focusing operation period, and the decimation process is not performed during the normal operation period.
- FIG. 7 shows a configuration of the imaging device in the third embodiment. 7 is different from the configuration shown in FIG. 5 in that a pixel mixture control unit 104f is added.
- the pixel mixing control unit 104f can control to change the number of pixel mixing of the CCD 102 by sending a driving signal to the CCD driving IC 110.
- the pixel mixing method is In the embodiment, image signals of peripheral pixels that are two pixels apart are mixed in the vertical and horizontal directions and diagonal directions of a predetermined pixel (center pixel) in the CCD 102.
- the number of mixed pixels set in the pixel mixing control unit 104f is 3 pixels in the normal operation period in FIG. 6 and 9 pixels in the focus operation period. By increasing the number of mixed pixels in the period (for example, 9 pixels), the same effect as increasing the exposure time can be obtained when the subject is dark.
- FIG. 8 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the imaging apparatus according to the third embodiment. 8 differs from the timing chart shown in FIG. 6 in that information on the number of mixed pixels is added to FIG. 8 (b). The operation will be described below.
- the CCD 102 is read by 30fps after three-pixel mixing processing is performed as shown in Fig. 8 (b) by the drive control by the CCD drive IC 110.
- An image signal is read based on the outgoing frame rate.
- the thinning control by the thinning control unit 104e is not executed.
- the image signal read from the CCD 102 is subjected to signal processing and digital conversion by the AFE 103, and is input to the signal processing unit 104b.
- the signal processing unit 104b performs YC processing on the image data output from the AFE 103.
- the signal processing unit 104b converts the YC-processed image data into display data that can be displayed on the LCD 107.
- the LCD 107 displays an image based on the display data during the period shown in FIG.
- the pixel mixing control unit 104f performs nine-pixel mixing with the CCD driving IC 110 in the vertical synchronization period of frame 5 immediately after that.
- the thinning I control unit 104e outputs a thinning command with a thinning rate of 1/3 to the CCD driving IC 110.
- the CCD driving IC 110 controls to read out the image signal E 1 that has undergone the three-pixel mixing process from the CCD 102.
- the signal processing unit 104 b YC-processes the image signal D 1 read from the CCD 102 in frame 4 to obtain image data D 2. Further, in frame 5, the signal processing unit 104b generates display data C3 based on the image data C2 subjected to YC processing in frame 4.
- the CCD drive IC 110 performs nine-pixel mixing processing from the CCD 102 on the basis of the pixel mixing command sent from the pixel mixing control unit 104f and the thinning command sent from the thinning control unit 104e in frame 5.
- the readout frame rate of CCD102 is set to 60 fps. Since the image signal is read after 9-pixel mixing processing and 1/3 decimation processing in CCD102, the time required for readout is within the frame. It can be stored.
- the signal processing unit 104b YC-processes the image signal E1 read from the CCD 102 in frame 5 to obtain image data E2. At this time, the signal processing unit 104b performs a thinning process of 1/3 on the image signal E1 based on the thinning command sent from the thinning control unit 104e. This is to cope with the change of the frame 6 readout frame rate from 30 fps to 60 fps.
- the readout frame rate is changed to 60 fps without thinning out the image data, all image data for one screen cannot be YC-processed, and display data E3 cannot be created normally. As a result, it is necessary to continue displaying the image based on the display data D3 at the timing when the image based on the display data E3 should be displayed, and the display on the LCD 107 freezes for a moment.
- the signal processing unit 104b generates display data D3 based on the image data D2 YC-processed in frame 5.
- the CCD drive IC 110 controls to read out the image signal G1 that has been subjected to the nine-pixel mixing process and the 1/3 thinning process from the CCD 102.
- the signal processing unit 104b performs YC processing on the image signal F1 read from the CCD 102 in frame 6 to obtain image data F2.
- the signal processing unit 104b generates display data E3 based on the image data E2 subjected to YC processing in frame 6.
- the pixel mixture control unit 104f controls the CCD 102 to perform the 9-pixel mixing process in the same manner as the frames 6 and 7.
- the thinning control unit 104e reads out the image signal by performing 1/3 thinning processing from the CCD 102, and the signal processing unit 104b performs control so as not to perform the thinning process.
- the CCD 102 performs a three-pixel mixing process during the normal operation period.
- 9-pixel mixing may be performed during the normal operation period.
- changing the readout frame rate of the CCD102 from 30 fps to 60 fps during the in-focus operation period will reduce the exposure time, which will further reduce the amount of light on the subject and allow normal in-focus operation. It may not be possible.
- the shirt button 108 is halfway. Even if the focusing operation period is entered after being pushed, the readout frame rate of the CCD 102 may not be changed to 60 fps but may be operated at 30 fps.
- the pixel mixture number set by the pixel mixture control unit 104f is 3 pixels in the normal operation period and 9 pixels in the focus operation period, but enters the focus operation period.
- the number of mixed pixels in the immediately preceding frame may be an intermediate value between 3 and 9 pixels (for example, 6 pixels). With this configuration, the number of pixel mixtures does not change drastically, and the subject image can be displayed more smoothly and continuously.
- the exposure meter 112 is an example of a luminance detection unit.
- the exposure meter 112 is not necessarily provided.
- the subject is based on the luminance of the image based on the image signal output from the CCD 102. It is also possible to measure the brightness.
- the digital camera and the digital video camera that perform the focusing operation while visually recognizing the display means. It is useful when applied to imaging equipment such as mobile phone terminals with cameras.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Studio Devices (AREA)
- Automatic Focus Adjustment (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
- Focusing (AREA)
Description
Claims
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US12/438,240 US8218065B2 (en) | 2006-08-22 | 2007-08-21 | Imaging device |
JP2008530921A JP4558830B2 (ja) | 2006-08-22 | 2007-08-21 | 撮像装置 |
CN2007800310097A CN101507259B (zh) | 2006-08-22 | 2007-08-21 | 图像摄取装置 |
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JP2006224865 | 2006-08-22 | ||
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US (1) | US8218065B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4558830B2 (ja) |
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Cited By (4)
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JP2008141236A (ja) * | 2006-11-29 | 2008-06-19 | Canon Inc | 撮像装置及びその制御方法 |
WO2010090056A1 (en) * | 2009-02-06 | 2010-08-12 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image capturing apparatus |
JP2014116831A (ja) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-06-26 | Canon Inc | 撮像装置、その制御方法、および制御プログラム |
US9654680B2 (en) | 2013-10-17 | 2017-05-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image capturing apparatus and control method therefor |
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JP5276308B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-21 | 2013-08-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | 撮像装置およびその制御方法 |
JP5206494B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-27 | 2013-06-12 | 株式会社リコー | 撮像装置、画像表示装置と、撮像方法及び画像表示方法並びに合焦領域枠の位置補正方法 |
JP5541016B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-08 | 2014-07-09 | リコーイメージング株式会社 | 撮像システムおよび画素信号読出し方法 |
JP2012137511A (ja) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-07-19 | Kyocera Corp | カメラ装置、携帯端末、フレームレート制御プログラムおよびフレームレート制御方法 |
US8830367B1 (en) | 2013-10-21 | 2014-09-09 | Gopro, Inc. | Frame manipulation to reduce rolling shutter artifacts |
KR102121531B1 (ko) | 2013-12-10 | 2020-06-10 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 초점검출 가능한 이미지 센서 제어장치 및 방법. |
US9288379B2 (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2016-03-15 | Omnivision Technologies, Inc. | System and method for continuous auto focus within camera module |
CN106027889B (zh) * | 2016-05-20 | 2019-04-12 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | 控制方法、控制装置及电子装置 |
CN113316928B (zh) * | 2018-12-27 | 2023-03-28 | 富士胶片株式会社 | 成像元件、摄像装置、图像数据处理方法及计算机可读存储介质 |
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CN101507259A (zh) | 2009-08-12 |
JP4558830B2 (ja) | 2010-10-06 |
JPWO2008023706A1 (ja) | 2010-01-14 |
US8218065B2 (en) | 2012-07-10 |
US20100177236A1 (en) | 2010-07-15 |
CN101507259B (zh) | 2011-08-10 |
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