WO2008021023A1 - Système de recyclage atmosphérique de bain d'étain - Google Patents

Système de recyclage atmosphérique de bain d'étain Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008021023A1
WO2008021023A1 PCT/US2007/017332 US2007017332W WO2008021023A1 WO 2008021023 A1 WO2008021023 A1 WO 2008021023A1 US 2007017332 W US2007017332 W US 2007017332W WO 2008021023 A1 WO2008021023 A1 WO 2008021023A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
processing atmosphere
tin bath
float glass
gas
facility
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2007/017332
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Richard W. Marshall
Original Assignee
The Boc Group, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The Boc Group, Inc. filed Critical The Boc Group, Inc.
Publication of WO2008021023A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008021023A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B18/00—Shaping glass in contact with the surface of a liquid
    • C03B18/02—Forming sheets
    • C03B18/20—Composition of the atmosphere above the float bath; Treating or purifying the atmosphere above the float bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B18/00—Shaping glass in contact with the surface of a liquid
    • C03B18/02—Forming sheets
    • C03B18/20—Composition of the atmosphere above the float bath; Treating or purifying the atmosphere above the float bath
    • C03B18/22—Controlling or regulating the temperature of the atmosphere above the float tank

Definitions

  • the float glass manufacturing process utilizes the density differences between a bath of molten tin with that of molten glass to "float" the glass over the surface of the tin, which results in a high throughput flat glass production process.
  • the molten glass enters a tin bath at the inlet or entrance section and progressively cools and becomes a solid glass sheet as it leaves the outlet or exit section.
  • This process produces the majority of flat glass used in the world for construction and automotive products.
  • the tin bath may be formed as a separate chamber in communication with a glass melting furnace, or as a separate structure in the glass melting furnace through an interconnecting channel between the furnace and the tin bath. In effect, the tin bath is a portion of the float glass facility. Therefore, glass melt from the furnace is provided to the tin bath for further processing of the glass to form a glass sheet.
  • a hot end or glass entry end of a tin bath is the most reactive, due to its higher operating temperature. This reactive state is reduced considerably as the temperature cools toward the narrower section of the tin bath and the exit end for the glass ribbon. That is, the higher temperature at the inlet reacts with the tin and any oxygen that has been introduced to the tin bath at the inlet to create contaminants. However, such contaminants are essentially still in gaseous form and may not necessarily adversely affect the glass sheet at the inlet. However, as the sheet progresses downstream in the tin bath toward the cooler temperatures of the outlet, the gaseous contaminants will condense out onto the cooler superstructure, i.e., the roof of the tin bath, and also be disposed upon the glass sheet.
  • the temperatures are sufficiently cooler near the outlet so that excess hydrogen (H 2 ) does not react as efficiently with the free oxygen (O 2 ) to form water (H 2 O) vapor in the tin bath atmosphere.
  • This cooler region is the primary area for various volatile species to condense and accumulate on the superstructure before falling therefrom and being deposited onto the glass sheet, thereby causing glass defects in/on the glass sheet.
  • nitrogen and hydrogen are introduced into the tin bath to protect the glass sheet from being oxidized.
  • the construction of the furnace having both the inlet for tie glass melt and an outlet for the glass sheet, will permit ingress of air into the tin bath atmosphere.
  • the nitrogen and hydrogen introduced into the tin bath atmosphere is to prevent the glass sheet from being oxidized by the air.
  • FIG. 2 shows a known recycle gas system for that which is disclosed in FIG. 1.
  • Several chemical reactions occur within the tin bath due to its relative high operation temperatures. Tin will oxidize if exposed to oxygen, and of course air, and therefore, the "tin bath" is enclosed and exposed to a high purity (99.999+) nitrogen (N 2 ) atmosphere.
  • the process utilizes "seals" at the glass entrance and exit of the tin bath to minimize the amount of oxygen entering the system.
  • Hydrogen is introduced to react with any oxygen contamination and convert same to water vapor, which reduces the free oxygen within the tin bath atmosphere and minimizes oxidation of the tin and enabling other chemical reactions.
  • the nitrogen and hydrogen gases are mixed and injected into the tin bath to act first as a coolant to the electrical bus bars and connectors (not shown) of the system before passing into the atmosphere above the molten glass and tin.
  • the gases are often distributed into the tin bath atmosphere through multiple holes (not shown) located in the roof of the float glass facility, but the gas flows may be and often are divided into three control zones of the tin bath, i.e., proximate the entrance, midsection and upstream of the outlet of the tin bath. See Sections 1 , 2 and 3, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Venting will increase the amount of gases exiting the tin bath atmosphere and therefore lower the pressure of the internal atmosphere. Without some form of compensation for the pressure reduction, the reduced pressure will allow external air to infiltrate the tin bath atmosphere, resulting in additional undesirable oxidation reactions.
  • Forms of compensation include increasing the amount of virgin gases (nitrogen (N 2 >and hydrogen (H 2 )) introduced into the tin bath, lowering exit exhaust gates to reduce the amount of exhaust gases, or a combination of both. Increasing the amount of fresh gas supply will increase operating costs, while lowering the exhaust gates may result in operational difficulty, including maintenance and repair costs.
  • the input of fresh or virgin gas (nitrogen and hydrogen) to the tin bath atmosphere may be through the bus bar enclosure (not shown) to reduce the amount of hydrogen required.
  • a higher amount of hydrogen (such as 6%) may be introduced into the glass melt inlet at Section 1 , due to the higher reactions, while perhaps only 2% is introduced at the cooler or exit at Section 3 of the tin bath.
  • the amount of venting may vary by glass manufacture from 10-40% of the total input volume. All the vent streams are exhausted into the air outside of the tin bath similar to the exhaust stream at the glass exit.
  • FIG. 1 shows a known tin bath for a float glass production system.
  • FIG. 2 shows the tin bath of FIG. 1 with a known gas recycle system.
  • FIG. 3 shows a tin bath having a tin bath atmospheric recycle system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows elements of the tin bath atmospheric recycle system of FIG. 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • the atmospheric recycle system of the invention will recycle tin bath gases while removing tin compounds and other volatile species of the processed tin bath atmosphere, and reintroduce the tin bath atmosphere, thereby reducing the amount of pure or virgin gases required for the process and/or to permit increased amount of venting.
  • the accumulation of water vapor in the tin bath atmosphere is reduced through establishing a single flow path for gases through the process, from pure gas introduction, recycled gas extraction, and reintroduction of recycled gases with respect to the tin bath atmosphere.
  • the system of the invention is denoted by the broken line shown generally at 10.
  • the tin compounds and other volatile species removed may include for example tin oxides, tin sulfides, metallic tin and hydrogen sulfide. Pure, fresh or virgin gas or fluid is that which is of at least 99.999% purity.
  • a pressure balance region at Section 2 may include a movable wall or barrier to control a flow of internal gases of the tin bath atmosphere between Section 1 and Section 3.
  • the tin bath atmospheric recycle system 10 is usable, for example, with float glass production facilities.
  • the float glass process utilizes the density differences between a bath of molten tin and that of molten glass to "float" the glass over the surface of the tin, which results in a high throughput of flat glass during a production process.
  • tin bath atmospheric gases are vented substantially from Section 1 of the tin bath and removed to the system 10, afterwhich the gases are returned to provide the recycled gases to Sections 2 and 3 of the tin bath.
  • a tin bath i2 includes a housing 14 having a chamber 16 therein.
  • the housing includes a sidewall 18 and a roof (not shown due to perspective).
  • the chamber 16 consists of a plurality of sections 20, 22, 24 ("22-24") therein, identified respectively as Section 1 , Section 2 and Section 3.
  • the tin bath 12 includes an inlet 26 with movable door 28, and an outlet 30 with a movable door 32.
  • the inlet 26 is where glass melt is provided to the tin bath, while the outlet 30 is where the processed glass sheet exits the tin bath.
  • Section 1 is substantially adjacent or at the inlet 26, while Section 3 is substantially adjacent or at the outlet 30.
  • Section 2 is adjacent both Section 1 and Section 3 and extends into Section 1 and Section 3.
  • Section 2 has an upstream region "U” at an upstream side of the barrier 34, and a downstream region “D” at a downstream side of the barrier 34.
  • a mechanical wall 34 or barrier is disposed in the tin bath 12 at Section 2.
  • the barrier 34 has a plurality of holes 36 therethrough the purpose of which will be described hereinafter.
  • the barrier 34 may be movable with respect to the glass melt in the tin bath.
  • a recycling assembly 38 of the gas recycle system 10 is connected to and in communication with a recycle gas manifold 40 as shown by arrows 42, which in turn is connected to and in communication with the tin bath at a downstream region D of Section 2 and Section 3 as shown by the arrows 44.
  • a pure gas supply 46 is connected to and in communication with a pure gas supply manifold 48 as shown by arrow 50, which in turn is connected to and in communication with Section 1 and an upstream region U of Section 2 of the tin bath as shown by arrows 52.
  • the pure gas supply can include nitrogen, hydrogen and mixtures thereof.
  • the flow of the pure gas in Section 1 and the upstream region U of Section 2 is shown by arrows 54, while the flow of the clean or recycled gas is shown in the downstream region D of Section 2 and Section 3 by arrows 56. Venting of the tin bath at Section 1 is indicated by arrows 58.
  • Nitrogen gas may be added at the inlet 26 with the glass melt, as indicated by arrow 60, to prevent immediate oxidation of the melt at the inlet 26.
  • the barrier 34 is provided with a plurality of apertures 36 therethrough which permits approximately not more than 20% of the pure gas introduced into Section 1 and upstream region U of Section 2 to flow into a downstream region D of Section 2 and into Section 3.
  • the barrier 34 does not contact the glass sheet and may be constructed of a longitudinal member. Because the pressure of the pure gas being introduced into Section 1 and Section 2 is higher than the pressure of the clean or recycled gas in downstream region D of Section 2 and Section 3, this enables 20% of the pure gas to flow through the barrier 34 via the apertures 36 to permit the pure gas to co-mingle with the clean or recycled gas in downstream D Section 2 and Section 3 to protect the glass sheet from oxidation.
  • FIG. 4 there is shown further the elements of the atmospheric recycle * J gas system 10 of the present invention.
  • a vent pipe 62 or pipes are connected to the housing 14 for the tin bath and being in communication substantially with Section 1 of the tin bath.
  • At least one and preferably a plurality of vent pipes 62 are employed which may be merged with or connected to a vent manifold 64.
  • a pipe 66 connects the vent manifold 64 to a heat exchanger 68.
  • the heat exchanger 68 consists of a plurality of tubes through which the vented gases flow, shown by arrows 58, from Section 1.
  • a fan, blower or pump 70 is provided and connected to the heat exchanger 68 by a conduit 72 so as to introduce a cooling fluid to the heat exchanger 68.
  • the heat exchanger 68 cools or compresses the atmospheric gases.
  • the fluid may consist of air or water and is effective to reduce the temperature of the withdrawn processing atmospheric gas to for example approximately 500° F so that particulate matter in the atmosphere gas withdrawn from Section 1 will convert from a gaseous volatile species to particulate matter for being filtered out at a filter 74.
  • a pipe 76 connects the heat exchanger 68 to the filter 74.
  • the atmospheric gas withdrawn can be further cooled at another heat exchanger 78 connected by a pipe 80 to the filter 74.
  • the heat exchanger 78 includes a fluid source or inlet 82 and an outlet 84 connected by piping 86 to the heat exchanger 78. Either water or air is passed through the heat exchanger 78.
  • a blower or pump 88 is provided which is connected to the heat exchanger 78 by a pipe 90. After pulling the atmospheric gases, the blower 88 is able to transfer the atmospheric gases as clean recycled gas through pipe 42 back to the recycle gas manifold 40.
  • the recycle gas manifold 40 is connected to the housing 14 of the tin bath and in communication with downstream region D of Section 2 and Section 3 of the tin bath.
  • a flow transmitter 92 is in communication with the cleaned gas stream exiting the blower 88 to measure the flow and temperature of the gas and transmit a signal to a flow control device 94 also connected to the blower 88.
  • the flow control device 94 monitors the signal generated by the flow transmitter 92 to determine the speed of the blower 88 to be employed for the system. Signals 96 generated by the flow transmitter 92 and flow control device 94 may be done wirelessly.
  • a plurality of valves 98 are disposed in the system conduits and piping for controlling flow of the gas atmosphere through the system.
  • the clean, recycled gas stream is introduced to the manifold 40 and then through the streams 44 into the tin bath.
  • the vent s ⁇ ream is reduced in temperature sufficiently through the use of water or air to condense out or compress the major volatile species, such as tin oxide (SnO ⁇ ) and tin sulfide (SnS) , and capture the particulate matter in the filter 74.
  • Additional cooling of the clean gas for the manifold 40 may be to reduce the size of the recycle blower 88 or to reduce the temperature of the gases suitable for injecting into the bus bar section (not shown) of the tin bath.
  • the balance of the recycled vent gas stream is the same purity as the tin bath atmosphere, containing water vapor and some other contaminants, and can be reintroduced into the tin bath atmosphere.
  • the majority of the pure gases are introduced into the hotter or entrance section of the tin bath, while the majority of the recycled gases are introduced into the cooler or exit section.
  • the gases are to be introduced such that there will be a pressure differential area between the upstream U and downstream D regions of Section 2, i.e., the regions separated by the barrier 34, to minimize the amount of recycled gases that travel toward the inlet 26 of the tin bath.
  • This pressure differential is established by controlling the amount and ratio of pure and recycled gases that are introduced into the Sections of the tin bath.
  • There will be more pure gas entering the Section 1 than recycled gases entering the exit Section 3 to insure that some atmospheric gas flows toward the exit and prevent the buildup of a higher water content in the recycled gas stream.
  • This pressure balance may be assisted by the barrier 34 that partially blocks the flow of gases between the upstream U and downstream D regions.
  • the amount of water vapor should be no greater than what occurs when passing the gases from Section 1 through Section 2, and into Section 3.
  • the pure nitrogen (N 2 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ) mixture is introduced into the hot end (inlet 26) and center of the tin bath as shown in FIG. 3. Most of the pure gases travel toward the hot end, reacting with oxygen and other contaminants and venting same to the recycling system 10.
  • the recycling system will condense and filter out some of the oxides and sulfides, but leave the water vapor and some of the other contaminants.
  • the recycled stream is provided to the recycle ⁇ as manifold 40 to reintroduce the stream into the tin bath, as shown in FIG. 3, and then exhaust the gas stream at the outlet 30.
  • the gases are directed to a single pass within the tin bath, and not allowed to accumulate contaminants that could damage the glass sheet.
  • This gas capture, venting, cleaning and recycling of the tin bath atmosphere will permit an effective larger volume of atmospheric gases to be applied to the tin bath without increasing the pure gas consumption and thus, decrease condensate build up and the resulting product defects and downtime due to cleaning procedures. This will reduce nitrogen consumption on a typical float line by 30-50% without adversely impacting the existing tin bath process.
  • vent piping 62 of the tin bath consist of, for example, a plurality of 4-6 inch pipes which are in communication with the tin bath atmosphere and connected to the metal wall of the bath structure. Therefore, unlike the exhaust gas stream, the vent streams are not contaminated with air or oxygen.
  • the invention includes identifying the temperature at which to cool the gas stream that will condensate all the contaminate volatile species into particulate matter, which can be filtered out.
  • Filtering and removal of the contaminants may be accomplished with for example an electrostatic precipitator or a filter using a solid filter medium.
  • Parallel (on-line and off-line units) solid particulate filter systems may be used.
  • the pump 88 will pull the vent stream and provide sufficient pressure to: (1) overcome the losses through the pipes; (2) overcome pressure losses through the filter 74; and (3) raise the cleaned vent stream 44 to a pressure suitable for reintroduction to the tin bath atmosphere.
  • the pump 88 also compresses the fluid stream being cleaned.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système pour la purification et le recyclage d'une atmosphère de traitement pour une installation de verre flotté. Ce système extrait l'atmosphère de traitement contaminée d'une installation de verre flotté, refroidit l'atmosphère de traitement contaminée pour produire un fluide refroidi, des contaminants gazeux dans ledit fluide refroidi étant condensés en matière particulaire, filtre le fluide refroidi pour éliminer la matière particulaire depuis le fluide refroidi en vue d'obtenir un fluide propre, et alimente l'installation de verre flotté en fluide propre.
PCT/US2007/017332 2006-08-08 2007-08-03 Système de recyclage atmosphérique de bain d'étain WO2008021023A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US83634706P 2006-08-08 2006-08-08
US60/836,347 2006-08-08

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103570221A (zh) * 2013-11-08 2014-02-12 蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院 一种带过滤装置的锡槽
CN103951168A (zh) * 2014-01-23 2014-07-30 重庆万盛浮法玻璃有限公司 带有无堵塞气氛导流器的浮法玻璃生产线熔窑锡槽
CN107651826A (zh) * 2017-11-08 2018-02-02 海南中航特玻科技有限公司 一种浮法锡槽污染气体导流收集净化装置
CN108455826A (zh) * 2018-01-09 2018-08-28 东旭科技集团有限公司 锡槽锡污染物消除装置和方法及其应用
CN108911486A (zh) * 2018-10-15 2018-11-30 海南中航特玻科技有限公司 浮法玻璃锡槽全自动空气净化器
EP3617158A1 (fr) * 2018-08-28 2020-03-04 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication de verre flotté
CN111439917A (zh) * 2020-04-27 2020-07-24 河北南玻玻璃有限公司 一种超白浮法玻璃生产的氮气供给装置
CN111606552A (zh) * 2020-05-15 2020-09-01 咸宁南玻光电玻璃有限公司 提高浮法超薄电子玻璃下表质量的气封系统及其调节方法
US20220169549A1 (en) * 2019-03-20 2022-06-02 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Method for tin bath monitoring and control
WO2024076400A1 (fr) * 2022-10-04 2024-04-11 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Procédé et système de commande d'une atmosphère de bain d'étain pour la réduction de défauts de surface

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US5925158A (en) * 1997-12-19 1999-07-20 Praxair Technology, Inc. Gas recycle for float glass system
US6173735B1 (en) * 1999-04-29 2001-01-16 Perry Equipment Corporation Method and apparatus for regulating gas flow
US20030221455A1 (en) * 2002-05-28 2003-12-04 Scott Garrett L. Method and apparatus for lubricating molten glass forming molds

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US4458945A (en) * 1981-10-01 1984-07-10 Ayler Maynard F Oil recovery mining method and apparatus
US5925158A (en) * 1997-12-19 1999-07-20 Praxair Technology, Inc. Gas recycle for float glass system
US6173735B1 (en) * 1999-04-29 2001-01-16 Perry Equipment Corporation Method and apparatus for regulating gas flow
US20030221455A1 (en) * 2002-05-28 2003-12-04 Scott Garrett L. Method and apparatus for lubricating molten glass forming molds

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103570221A (zh) * 2013-11-08 2014-02-12 蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院 一种带过滤装置的锡槽
CN103951168A (zh) * 2014-01-23 2014-07-30 重庆万盛浮法玻璃有限公司 带有无堵塞气氛导流器的浮法玻璃生产线熔窑锡槽
CN107651826A (zh) * 2017-11-08 2018-02-02 海南中航特玻科技有限公司 一种浮法锡槽污染气体导流收集净化装置
CN107651826B (zh) * 2017-11-08 2023-08-15 海南海控特玻科技有限公司 一种浮法锡槽污染气体导流收集净化装置
CN108455826A (zh) * 2018-01-09 2018-08-28 东旭科技集团有限公司 锡槽锡污染物消除装置和方法及其应用
CN108455826B (zh) * 2018-01-09 2021-09-24 东旭光电科技股份有限公司 锡槽锡污染物消除装置和方法及其应用
EP3617158A1 (fr) * 2018-08-28 2020-03-04 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication de verre flotté
CN108911486A (zh) * 2018-10-15 2018-11-30 海南中航特玻科技有限公司 浮法玻璃锡槽全自动空气净化器
CN108911486B (zh) * 2018-10-15 2023-08-04 海南海控特玻科技有限公司 浮法玻璃锡槽全自动空气净化器
US20220169549A1 (en) * 2019-03-20 2022-06-02 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Method for tin bath monitoring and control
CN111439917A (zh) * 2020-04-27 2020-07-24 河北南玻玻璃有限公司 一种超白浮法玻璃生产的氮气供给装置
CN111606552B (zh) * 2020-05-15 2022-06-03 咸宁南玻光电玻璃有限公司 提高浮法超薄电子玻璃下表质量的气封系统及其调节方法
CN111606552A (zh) * 2020-05-15 2020-09-01 咸宁南玻光电玻璃有限公司 提高浮法超薄电子玻璃下表质量的气封系统及其调节方法
WO2024076400A1 (fr) * 2022-10-04 2024-04-11 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Procédé et système de commande d'une atmosphère de bain d'étain pour la réduction de défauts de surface

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