WO2008017548A1 - Slip-controlled hydraulic vehicle braking system - Google Patents

Slip-controlled hydraulic vehicle braking system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008017548A1
WO2008017548A1 PCT/EP2007/056870 EP2007056870W WO2008017548A1 WO 2008017548 A1 WO2008017548 A1 WO 2008017548A1 EP 2007056870 W EP2007056870 W EP 2007056870W WO 2008017548 A1 WO2008017548 A1 WO 2008017548A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brake
cylinder
wheel
hydraulic pump
valves
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/056870
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Horst Beling
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2008017548A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008017548A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/48—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition connecting the brake actuator to an alternative or additional source of fluid pressure, e.g. traction control systems
    • B60T8/4809—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems
    • B60T8/4827—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/44—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition co-operating with a power-assist booster means associated with a master cylinder for controlling the release and reapplication of brake pressure through an interaction with the power assist device, i.e. open systems
    • B60T8/445—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition co-operating with a power-assist booster means associated with a master cylinder for controlling the release and reapplication of brake pressure through an interaction with the power assist device, i.e. open systems replenishing the released brake fluid volume into the brake piping

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a slip-controlled hydraulic vehicle brake system having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the known vehicle brake system has a master brake cylinder to which two brake circuits each having two wheel brake cylinders are connected.
  • Each wheel brake cylinder is preceded by a brake pressure build-up valve, via which the wheel brake cylinder is connected to the master brake cylinder, and a brake pressure reduction valve, via which the wheel brake cylinder is connected to a suction side of a hydraulic pump.
  • the hydraulic pump is also referred to as a return pump.
  • a pressure side of the return pump is connected to the brake pressure build-up valve on a side facing away from the wheel brake cylinder, that is, the pressure side of the hydraulic pump is connected to the master cylinder and the brake pressure build-up valve.
  • a brake pressure build-up valve and a brake pressure reduction valve are provided for each wheel brake cylinder, which are connected in common to a hydraulic pump in each brake circuit.
  • the hydraulic pumps of both (all) brake circuits can be driven together with an electric motor.
  • the brake pressure increase valve and the brake pressure reduction valve of a wheel brake cylinder form a brake pressure modulation valve arrangement of the wheel brake cylinder, with which knew way a wheel-specific brake pressure control, so a slip control is possible.
  • slip control is meant a Bremsblockiertikwort, traction control and / or vehicle dynamics control, for which the abbreviations ABS, ASR, FDR and ESP are common.
  • a brake fluid reservoir is placed, but this is not mandatory, the brake fluid reservoir can also be located elsewhere.
  • the suction side of the hydraulic pump is connected to the brake fluid reservoir.
  • the hydraulic pump of the vehicle brake system according to the invention therefore does not draw brake fluid from the brake master cylinder or through the master cylinder from the brake fluid reservoir, which communicatively communicates with the master cylinder through narrow sniffer holes or the like and therefore has a large flow resistance, but the hydraulic pump of the vehicle brake system according to the invention sucks to the brake fluid reservoir.
  • a flow resistance on the suction side of the hydraulic pump is considerably lower, a brake pressure build-up with the hydraulic pump when the master cylinder is not actuated is considerably accelerated. Especially with cold and as a result of its viscous brake fluid, the brake pressure build-up is improved with the hydraulic pump.
  • a brake pressure buildup with the hydraulic pump when not actuated master cylinder takes place in a traction control system and partially in a vehicle dynamics control, especially in the vehicle dynamics control a rapid pressure build-up is crucial to counteract a spin tendency of a vehicle earliest possible possible.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that a vacuuming of the wheel brake cylinder is avoided with the hydraulic pump, because the hydraulic pump sucks from the brake fluid reservoir.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that a hydraulic accumulator can be omitted on the side facing away from the wheel brake cylinder side of the brake pressure reduction valves and the suction side of the hydraulic pump.
  • This hydraulic accumulator is used in known hydraulic vehicle brake systems for receiving and intermediate storage of brake fluid from the wheel brake cylinders and as a reservoir for the hydraulic pump in a slip control.
  • the outlet of brake fluid from the wheel brake cylinders of the vehicle brake system according to the invention by the Bremsdruckabsenkventile in a slip control takes place against the pressure prevailing in the brake fluid reservoir atmospheric pressure.
  • Brake pressure build-up valves for the wheel brake cylinders, via which the wheel brake cylinders are connected to the master brake cylinder, are not absolutely necessary for the invention, but can in embodiments of the invention omitted.
  • a slip control is possible only with the brake pressure reduction valves.
  • Claim 2 provides that the suction side of the hydraulic pump and the sides of the brake pressure reduction valves facing away from the wheel brake cylinders are connected directly to the brake fluid reservoir. This means that no hydraulic components, in particular no magnetic or other valve in a line from the master cylinder to the suction side of the hydraulic pump and the wheel brake cylinders facing away from the Bremstikabsenkventile is arranged. The flow resistance on the suction side of the hydraulic pump is kept low in order to ensure a rapid buildup of brake pressure with the hydraulic pump.
  • Claim 3 provides brake pressure build-up valves, via which the wheel brake cylinders are connected to the master cylinder.
  • the slip control of the vehicle brake system is improved.
  • the pressure side of the hydraulic pump is connected between the master cylinder and the brake pressure build-up valves.
  • Claim 4 provides an isolation valve for each brake circuit, with which the brake circuit is connected to the master cylinder. With the isolation valve, the brake circuit can be separated during a slip control of the master cylinder to avoid repercussions such as a vibrating pedal by pressure pulsations in the slip control. In addition, a closed when not actuated master cylinder isolation valve prevents that funded with the hydraulic pump brake fluid flows into the master cylinder. The pressure side of the hydraulic pump is connected between the isolation valve and the brake pressure build-up valves.
  • FIGURE shows a hydraulic circuit diagram of a vehicle brake system according to the invention.
  • the inventive hydraulic vehicle brake system 1 shown in the drawing has a slip control (anti-lock control ABS, traction control system ASR, vehicle dynamics control FDR, ESP). They are designed as a two-circuit brake system with two brake circuits I, II, which are connected to a master cylinder 2.
  • the master cylinder 2 has a brake fluid reservoir 3, which is placed on it.
  • Each brake circuit I, Il is connected via a separating valve 4 to the master cylinder 2.
  • the isolation valves 4 are in their currentless normal position open 2/2-way solenoid valves.
  • the isolation valves 4 are each a hydraulically connected in parallel from the master cylinder 2 to Radbremszylindern 5 check valve 6.
  • each brake circuit I, Il the wheel brake cylinder 5 are connected via brake pressure build-up valves 7.
  • the brake pressure build-up valves 7 are in their currentless home position open 2/2-way solenoid valves. They are check valves 8 connected in parallel, which can be flowed through by the wheel brake cylinders 5 in the direction of the master cylinder 2.
  • a brake pressure reduction valve 9 is connected, which are connected together to a suction side of a hydraulic pump 10.
  • the Bremstikabsenkventile 9 are designed as closed in their currentless home position 2/2-way solenoid valves.
  • a pressure side of the hydraulic pump 10 is connected between the brake pressure build-up valves 7 and the isolation valves 4, ie, the pressure side of the hydraulic pump 10 is connected to the wheel brake cylinders 5 via the brake pressure build-up valves 7 and to the master cylinder 2 via the isolation valve 4.
  • Each of the two brake circuits I, Il has a hydraulic pump 10, which are drivable together with an electric motor 11.
  • the suction side of the hydraulic pumps 10 are directly, that is not connected to the brake fluid reservoir 3 via the master cylinder 2 and also without the interposition of hydraulic components such as in particular solenoid valves.
  • the hydraulic pumps 10 suck brake fluid directly from the brake fluid reservoir 3, in a slip control by opening the Bremsdruckabsenkventile 9 from the Radbremszylindern 5 flowing brake fluid flows at atmospheric pressure in the brake fluid reservoir 3, if it is not funded by the hydraulic pump 10.
  • a reduction of a Radbremstiks in the Radbremszylindern 5 substantially below atmospheric pressure when opening the Bremstikabsenkventile 9 is excluded by the connection of the wheel brake cylinder 5 via the Bremstikabsenkventile 9 to the brake fluid reservoir 3, in the atmospheric pressure.
  • a slight lowering of the pressure below atmospheric pressure by a suction effect of the hydraulic pump 10 is possible.
  • the brake pressure build-up valves 7 and the brake pressure reduction valves 9 form wheel brake pressure modulation valve arrangements, with which a wheel-specific brake pressure control for slip control in a manner known per se and not explained here is possible with the hydraulic pump 10 driven.
  • the brake pressure build-up valves 7 are not absolutely necessary, they can be omitted in simplified embodiments of the invention. Since the Bremstikabsenkventile 9 are connected directly to the brake fluid reservoir 3, in the ambient pressure prevails, the wheel brake in the Radbremszylindern 5 can be lowered by opening the Bremstikabsenkventile 9 always to ambient pressure.
  • the wheel brake pressures in the wheel brake cylinders 5 can be controlled individually with the brake pressure reduction valves 9 and without the brake pressure build-up valves 7.
  • the slip control is therefore without the brake pressure build-up valves 7th because of possible without the brake pressure build-up valves 7.
  • the isolation valves 4 should be present when the brake pressure build-up valves 9 are omitted. The isolation valves 4 are closed during a slip control, so that an undesired yielding of a predominantlybremspedals or hand brake lever is avoided.
  • the check valves 6, which are connected in parallel hydraulically to the separating valves 4, should be omitted with the brake pressure build-up valves 7 for a given reason, to avoid unwanted yielding of a foot brake pedal or handbrake lever. With the brake pressure build-up valves 7, the quality slip control is improved, however.
  • the isolation valves 4 are closed and the brake circuits I, Il characterized hydraulically separated from the master cylinder 2.
  • repercussions in particular a vibrating foot brake pedal or, in particular in the case of a motorcycle, a vibrating hand brake lever, are avoided by pressure pulsations of the brake fluid as a result of the brake pressure modulation.
  • the closed isolation valves 4 prevent that funded by the hydraulic pumps 10 brake fluid flows back into the master cylinder 2 when it is not actuated. Due to the design of the master cylinder 2 separates the brake fluid reservoir 3 hydraulically when it is actuated. A backflow of brake fluid, which is funded by the hydraulic pumps 10, in the master cylinder 2 is therefore excluded when the master cylinder 2 is actuated.
  • the isolation valves 4 do not necessarily have to be closed. Since the main brake cylinder 2 is always actuated in the case of an anti-lock control, the separating valves 4 can be dispensed with in simplified embodiments of the invention if the vehicle brake system 1 is provided exclusively for an anti-lock control. In a muscle-operated vehicle brake system 1, the separating valves 4 and the brake pressure build-up valves 7 should not be omitted.

Abstract

The invention relates to a slip-controlled hydraulic vehicle braking system (1) with a main brake cylinder (2), to which wheel brake cylinders (5) are connected. The wheel brake cylinders (5) are connected to hydraulic pumps (10) via brake pressure reduction valves (9). The invention proposes connecting the hydraulic pumps (10) and the wheel brake cylinders (5) via the brake pressure reduction valves (9) to a brake fluid reservoir (3) placed on the main brake cylinder (2) and not to the main brake cylinder (2). As a result, additional hydraulic reservoirs for receiving and temporarily storing brake fluid from the wheel brake cylinder (5) during a slip control are dispensed with, emptying of the wheel brake cylinders (5) is avoided, and a rapid build-up of pressure by the hydraulic pumps (10) when the main brake cylinder (2) is not actuated is made possible.

Description

Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 Stuttgart R 314 890 Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 Stuttgart R 314 890
Schlupfgeregelte hydraulische FahrzeugbremsanlageSlip-controlled hydraulic vehicle brake system
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung betrifft eine schlupfgeregelte hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlage mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a slip-controlled hydraulic vehicle brake system having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
Eine derartige Fahrzeugbremsanlage offenbart die DE 195 01 760 A1. Die be- kannte Fahrzeugbremsanlage weist einen Hauptbremszylinder auf, an den zwei Bremskreise mit je zwei Radbremszylindern angeschlossen sind. Jedem Radbremszylinder ist ein Bremsdruckaufbauventil vorgeschaltet, über das der Radbremszylinder an den Hauptbremszylinder angeschlossen ist, und ein Bremsdruckabsenkventil nachgeschaltet, über das der Radbremszylinder an eine Saug- seite einer Hydropumpe angeschlossen ist. Die Hydropumpe wird auch als Rückförderpumpe bezeichnet. Eine Druckseite der Rückförderpumpe ist auf einer dem Radbremszylinder abgewandten Seite an das Bremsdruckaufbauventil angeschlossen, d. h. die Druckseite der Hydropumpe ist mit dem Hauptbremszylinder und dem Bremsdruckaufbauventil verbunden. Für eine radindividuelle Schlupfre- gelung ist für jeden Radbremszylinder ein Bremsdruckaufbauventil und ein Bremsdruckabsenkventil vorgesehen, die gemeinsam an eine Hydropumpe in jedem Bremskreis angeschlossen sind. Die Hydropumpen beider (aller) Bremskreise sind gemeinsam mit einem Elektromotor antreibbar. Das Bremsdruckaufbauventil und das Bremsdruckabsenkventil eines Radbremszylinders bilden eine Bremsdruckmodulationsventilanordnung des Radbremszylinders, mit der in be- kannter Weise eine radindividuelle Bremsdruckregelung, also eine Schlupfregelung möglich ist. Mit Schlupfregelung ist eine Bremsblockierschutzregelung, Antriebsschlupfregelung und/oder Fahrdynamikregelung gemeint, für die die Abkürzungen ABS, ASR, FDR und ESP gebräuchlich sind.Such a vehicle brake system disclosed in DE 195 01 760 A1. The known vehicle brake system has a master brake cylinder to which two brake circuits each having two wheel brake cylinders are connected. Each wheel brake cylinder is preceded by a brake pressure build-up valve, via which the wheel brake cylinder is connected to the master brake cylinder, and a brake pressure reduction valve, via which the wheel brake cylinder is connected to a suction side of a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump is also referred to as a return pump. A pressure side of the return pump is connected to the brake pressure build-up valve on a side facing away from the wheel brake cylinder, that is, the pressure side of the hydraulic pump is connected to the master cylinder and the brake pressure build-up valve. For a wheel-specific slip control, a brake pressure build-up valve and a brake pressure reduction valve are provided for each wheel brake cylinder, which are connected in common to a hydraulic pump in each brake circuit. The hydraulic pumps of both (all) brake circuits can be driven together with an electric motor. The brake pressure increase valve and the brake pressure reduction valve of a wheel brake cylinder form a brake pressure modulation valve arrangement of the wheel brake cylinder, with which knew way a wheel-specific brake pressure control, so a slip control is possible. With slip control is meant a Bremsblockierschutzregelung, traction control and / or vehicle dynamics control, for which the abbreviations ABS, ASR, FDR and ESP are common.
Auf den Hauptbremszylinder ist ein Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter aufgesetzt, was allerdings nicht zwingend ist, der Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter kann auch an anderer Stelle angeordnet sein.On the master cylinder, a brake fluid reservoir is placed, but this is not mandatory, the brake fluid reservoir can also be located elsewhere.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugbremsanlage mit den Merkmalen des An- Spruchs 1 ist die Saugseite der Hydropumpe an den Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter angeschlossen. Mit der Saugseite der Hydropumpe sind auch die den Radbremszylindern abgewandten Seiten der Bremsdruckabsenkventile an den Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter angeschlossen. Die Hydropumpe der erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugbremsanlage saugt Bremsflüssigkeit also nicht aus dem Hauptbremszylinder bzw. durch den Hauptbremszylinder aus dem Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter an, der konstruktiv bedingt durch enge Schnüffelbohrungen oder dgl. mit dem Hauptbremszylinder kommuniziert und deswegen einen großen Strömungswiderstand aufweist, sondern die Hydropumpe der erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugbremsanlage saugt aus dem Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter an. Ein Strömungswiderstand auf der Saugseite der Hydropumpe ist erheblich niedriger, ein Bremsdruckaufbau mit der Hydropumpe bei nicht betätigtem Hauptbremszylinder ist erheblich beschleunigt. Insbesondere bei kalter und in Folge dessen zähflüssiger Bremsflüssigkeit ist der Bremsdruckaufbau mit der Hydropumpe verbessert. Ein Bremsdruckaufbau mit der Hydropumpe bei nicht betätig- tem Hauptbremszylinder erfolgt bei einer Antriebsschlupfregelung und teilweise bei einer Fahrdynamikregelung, wobei insbesondere bei der Fahrdynamikregelung ein schneller Druckaufbau von entscheidender Bedeutung ist, um einer Schleuderneigung eines Fahrzeugs frühest möglich entgegen zu wirken. Weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung ist, dass ein Leersaugen der Radbremszylinder mit der Hydropumpe vermieden wird, weil die Hydropumpe aus dem Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter ansaugt. Im Bremsflüssigkeitsbehälter und damit auch auf der Saugseite der Hydropumpe herrscht Atmosphärendruck. Da auch die Brems- druckabsenkventile an den Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter angeschlossen sind, fällt der Druck in den Radbremszylindern nicht unter Atmosphärendruck ab. Mit „Leersaugen" ist eine Absenkung des Radbremsdrucks in den Radbremszylindern auf nahezu 0 bar absolut, also auf deutlich unter Atmosphärendruck, gemeint. Ein ansonsten notwendiges, federbeaufschlagtes Rückschlagventil mit einem Öffnungsdruck von beispielsweise 0,8 bar, das bei angetriebener Hydropumpe einen Radbremsdruck in den Radbremszylindern in Höhe mindestens des Öffnungsdrucks des Rückschlagventils sicherstellt und dadurch ein Leersaugen der Radbremszylinder verhindert, kann bei der erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugbremsanlage entfallen.In the vehicle brake system according to the invention with the features of claim 1, the suction side of the hydraulic pump is connected to the brake fluid reservoir. With the suction side of the hydraulic pump and the side facing away from the Radbremszylindern Bremsdruckabsenkventile are connected to the brake fluid reservoir. The hydraulic pump of the vehicle brake system according to the invention therefore does not draw brake fluid from the brake master cylinder or through the master cylinder from the brake fluid reservoir, which communicatively communicates with the master cylinder through narrow sniffer holes or the like and therefore has a large flow resistance, but the hydraulic pump of the vehicle brake system according to the invention sucks to the brake fluid reservoir. A flow resistance on the suction side of the hydraulic pump is considerably lower, a brake pressure build-up with the hydraulic pump when the master cylinder is not actuated is considerably accelerated. Especially with cold and as a result of its viscous brake fluid, the brake pressure build-up is improved with the hydraulic pump. A brake pressure buildup with the hydraulic pump when not actuated master cylinder takes place in a traction control system and partially in a vehicle dynamics control, especially in the vehicle dynamics control a rapid pressure build-up is crucial to counteract a spin tendency of a vehicle earliest possible possible. Another advantage of the invention is that a vacuuming of the wheel brake cylinder is avoided with the hydraulic pump, because the hydraulic pump sucks from the brake fluid reservoir. In the brake fluid reservoir and thus also on the suction side of the hydraulic pump prevails atmospheric pressure. Since the brake pressure reduction valves are also connected to the brake fluid reservoir, the pressure in the wheel brake cylinders does not drop below atmospheric pressure. By "empty eyes" is meant a lowering of the wheel brake pressure in the wheel brake cylinders to almost 0 bar absolute, ie well below atmospheric pressure An otherwise necessary, spring-loaded check valve with an opening pressure of 0.8 bar, for example, with a driven hydraulic pump a wheel brake in the Ensures wheel brake cylinders at the level of at least the opening pressure of the check valve and thereby prevents empty eyes of the wheel brake, can be omitted in the vehicle brake system according to the invention.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung ist, dass ein Hydrospeicher auf der dem Radbremszylinder abgewandten Seite der Bremsdruckabsenkventile und der Saugseite der Hydropumpe entfallen kann. Dieser Hydrospeicher dient bei bekannten hydraulischen Fahrzeugbremsanlagen zur Aufnahme und Zwischenspeicherung von Bremsflüssigkeit aus den Radbremszylindern und als Reservoir für die Hyd- ropumpe bei einer Schlupfregelung. Der Auslass von Bremsflüssigkeit aus den Radbremszylindern der erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugbremsanlage durch die Bremsdruckabsenkventile bei einer Schlupfregelung erfolgt gegen den im Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter herrschenden Atmosphärendruck. Ein ansteigender Gegendruck durch Füllung eines Hydrospeichers mit Bremsflüssigkeit aus den Radbremszylindern und damit ein verschlechterter Bremsdruckabbau in den Radbremszylindern und ein verschlechterter Bremskraftabbau der Radbremsen wird vermieden.Another advantage of the invention is that a hydraulic accumulator can be omitted on the side facing away from the wheel brake cylinder side of the brake pressure reduction valves and the suction side of the hydraulic pump. This hydraulic accumulator is used in known hydraulic vehicle brake systems for receiving and intermediate storage of brake fluid from the wheel brake cylinders and as a reservoir for the hydraulic pump in a slip control. The outlet of brake fluid from the wheel brake cylinders of the vehicle brake system according to the invention by the Bremsdruckabsenkventile in a slip control takes place against the pressure prevailing in the brake fluid reservoir atmospheric pressure. An increasing back pressure by filling a hydraulic accumulator with brake fluid from the wheel brake cylinders and thus a deteriorated brake pressure reduction in the wheel brake cylinders and a deteriorated braking force reduction of the wheel brakes is avoided.
Bremsdruckaufbauventile für die Radbremszylinder, über die die Radbremszylinder an den Hauptbremszylinder angeschlossen sind, sind für die Erfindung nicht zwingend erforderlich, sondern können bei Ausführungsformen der Erfindung entfallen. Eine Schlupfregelung ist allein mit den Bremsdruckabsenkventilen möglich.Brake pressure build-up valves for the wheel brake cylinders, via which the wheel brake cylinders are connected to the master brake cylinder, are not absolutely necessary for the invention, but can in embodiments of the invention omitted. A slip control is possible only with the brake pressure reduction valves.
Die Unteransprüche haben vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung zum Gegenstand.The dependent claims have advantageous refinements and developments of the invention specified in claim 1 to the subject.
Anspruch 2 sieht vor, dass die Saugseite der Hydropumpe und die den Radbremszylindern abgewandten Seiten der Bremsdruckabsenkventile unmittelbar an den Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter angeschlossen sind. Damit ist gemeint, dass keine hydraulischen Bauelemente, insbesondere kein Magnet- oder sonstiges Ventil in einer Leitung vom Hauptbremszylinder zur Saugseite der Hydro- pumpe und den den Radbremszylindern abgewandten Seiten der Bremsdruckabsenkventile angeordnet ist. Der Strömungswiderstand auf der Saugseite der Hydropumpe wird dadurch niedrig gehalten, um einen schnellen Bremsdruckaufbau mit der Hydropumpe zu gewährleisten.Claim 2 provides that the suction side of the hydraulic pump and the sides of the brake pressure reduction valves facing away from the wheel brake cylinders are connected directly to the brake fluid reservoir. This means that no hydraulic components, in particular no magnetic or other valve in a line from the master cylinder to the suction side of the hydraulic pump and the wheel brake cylinders facing away from the Bremsdruckabsenkventile is arranged. The flow resistance on the suction side of the hydraulic pump is kept low in order to ensure a rapid buildup of brake pressure with the hydraulic pump.
Anspruch 3 sieht Bremsdruckaufbauventile vor, über die die Radbremszylinder an den Hauptbremszylinder angeschlossen sind. Die Schlupfregelung der Fahrzeugbremsanlage ist dadurch verbessert. Die Druckseite der Hydropumpe ist zwischen dem Hauptbremszylinder und den Bremsdruckaufbauventilen angeschlossen.Claim 3 provides brake pressure build-up valves, via which the wheel brake cylinders are connected to the master cylinder. The slip control of the vehicle brake system is improved. The pressure side of the hydraulic pump is connected between the master cylinder and the brake pressure build-up valves.
Anspruch 4 sieht ein Trennventil für jeden Bremskreis vor, mit dem der Brems- kreis an den Hauptbremszylinder angeschlossen ist. Mit dem Trennventil kann der Bremskreis während einer Schlupfregelung vom Hauptbremszylinder getrennt werden, um Rückwirkungen wie ein vibrierendes Pedal durch Druckpulsationen bei der Schlupfregelung zu vermeiden. Außerdem verhindert ein bei nicht betätigtem Hauptbremszylinder geschlossenes Trennventil, dass mit der Hydropumpe geförderte Bremsflüssigkeit in den Hauptbremszylinder strömt. Die Druckseite der Hydropumpe ist zwischen dem Trennventil und den Bremsdruckaufbauventilen angeschlossen. Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungClaim 4 provides an isolation valve for each brake circuit, with which the brake circuit is connected to the master cylinder. With the isolation valve, the brake circuit can be separated during a slip control of the master cylinder to avoid repercussions such as a vibrating pedal by pressure pulsations in the slip control. In addition, a closed when not actuated master cylinder isolation valve prevents that funded with the hydraulic pump brake fluid flows into the master cylinder. The pressure side of the hydraulic pump is connected between the isolation valve and the brake pressure build-up valves. Short description of the drawing
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Die einzige Figur zeigt einen hydraulischen Schaltplan einer erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugbremsanlage.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. The single FIGURE shows a hydraulic circuit diagram of a vehicle brake system according to the invention.
Ausführungsform der ErfindungEmbodiment of the invention
Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte erfindungsgemäße hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlage 1 weist eine Schlupfregelung (Blockierschutzregelung ABS; Antriebsschlupfregelung ASR; Fahrdynamikregelung FDR, ESP) auf. Sie als Zwei- kreisbremsanlage mit zwei Bremskreisen I, Il ausgebildet, die an einen Haupt- bremszylinder 2 angeschlossen sind. Der Hauptbremszylinder 2 weist einen Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter 3 auf, der auf ihn aufgesetzt ist. Jeder Bremskreis I, Il ist über ein Trennventil 4 an den Hauptbremszylinder 2 angeschlossen. Die Trennventile 4 sind in ihrer stromlosen Grundstellung offene 2/2-Wege- Magnetventile. Den Trennventilen 4 ist jeweils ein vom Hauptbremszylinder 2 zu Radbremszylindern 5 durchströmbares Rückschlagventil 6 hydraulisch parallel geschaltet. An das Trennventil 4 jedes Bremskreis I, Il sind die Radbremszylinder 5 über Bremsdruckaufbauventile 7 angeschlossen. Die Bremsdruckaufbauventile 7 sind in ihrer stromlosen Grundstellung offene 2/2-Wege-Magnetventile. Ihnen sind Rückschlagventile 8 parallel geschaltet, die von den Radbremszylindern 5 in Richtung zum Hauptbremszylinder 2 durchströmbar sind.The inventive hydraulic vehicle brake system 1 shown in the drawing has a slip control (anti-lock control ABS, traction control system ASR, vehicle dynamics control FDR, ESP). They are designed as a two-circuit brake system with two brake circuits I, II, which are connected to a master cylinder 2. The master cylinder 2 has a brake fluid reservoir 3, which is placed on it. Each brake circuit I, Il is connected via a separating valve 4 to the master cylinder 2. The isolation valves 4 are in their currentless normal position open 2/2-way solenoid valves. The isolation valves 4 are each a hydraulically connected in parallel from the master cylinder 2 to Radbremszylindern 5 check valve 6. To the isolation valve 4 each brake circuit I, Il the wheel brake cylinder 5 are connected via brake pressure build-up valves 7. The brake pressure build-up valves 7 are in their currentless home position open 2/2-way solenoid valves. They are check valves 8 connected in parallel, which can be flowed through by the wheel brake cylinders 5 in the direction of the master cylinder 2.
An jeden Radbremszylinder 5 ist ein Bremsdruckabsenkventil 9 angeschlossen, die gemeinsam an eine Saugseite einer Hydropumpe 10 angeschlossen sind. Die Bremsdruckabsenkventile 9 sind als in ihrer stromlosen Grundstellung geschlossene 2/2-Wege-Magnetventile ausgebildet. Eine Druckseite der Hydropumpe 10 ist zwischen den Bremsdruckaufbauventilen 7 und den Trennventilen 4 angeschlossen, d. h. die Druckseite der Hydropumpe 10 ist über die Bremsdruckaufbauventile 7 mit den Radbremszylindern 5 und über das Trennventil 4 mit dem Hauptbremszylinder 2 verbunden. Jeder der beiden Bremskreise I, Il weist eine Hydropumpe 10 auf, die gemeinsam mit einem Elektromotor 11 antreibbar sind. Die Saugseite der Hydropumpen 10 sind unmittelbar, d. h. nicht über den Hauptbremszylinder 2 und auch ohne Zwischenschaltung hydraulischer Bauelemente wie insbesondere Magnetventile an den Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter 3 angeschlossen. Auf der Saugseite der Hydropumpen 10 sind keine Hydrospeicher zur Aufnahme und Zwischenspeiche- rung von Bremsflüssigkeit aus den Radbremszylindern 5 während einer Schlupfregelung vorhanden. Die Hydropumpen 10 saugen Bremsflüssigkeit unmittelbar aus dem Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter 3, bei einer Schlupfregelung durch Öffnen der Bremsdruckabsenkventile 9 aus den Radbremszylindern 5 ausströmende Bremsflüssigkeit strömt bei Atmosphärendruck in den Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter 3, wenn sie nicht von der Hydropumpe 10 gefördert wird. Eine Erniedrigung eines Radbremsdrucks in den Radbremszylindern 5 wesentlich unter Atmosphärendruck bei Öffnen der Bremsdruckabsenkventile 9 ist durch den Anschluss der Radbremszylinder 5 über die Bremsdruckabsenkventile 9 an den Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter 3, in dem Atmosphärendruck herrscht, ausgeschlossen. Eine geringe Erniedrigung des Drucks unter Atmosphärendruck durch eine Saugwirkung der Hydropumpe 10 ist möglich.To each wheel brake cylinder 5, a brake pressure reduction valve 9 is connected, which are connected together to a suction side of a hydraulic pump 10. The Bremsdruckabsenkventile 9 are designed as closed in their currentless home position 2/2-way solenoid valves. A pressure side of the hydraulic pump 10 is connected between the brake pressure build-up valves 7 and the isolation valves 4, ie, the pressure side of the hydraulic pump 10 is connected to the wheel brake cylinders 5 via the brake pressure build-up valves 7 and to the master cylinder 2 via the isolation valve 4. Each of the two brake circuits I, Il has a hydraulic pump 10, which are drivable together with an electric motor 11. The suction side of the hydraulic pumps 10 are directly, that is not connected to the brake fluid reservoir 3 via the master cylinder 2 and also without the interposition of hydraulic components such as in particular solenoid valves. On the suction side of the hydraulic pumps 10 there are no hydraulic accumulators for receiving and temporarily storing brake fluid from the wheel brake cylinders 5 during a slip control. The hydraulic pumps 10 suck brake fluid directly from the brake fluid reservoir 3, in a slip control by opening the Bremsdruckabsenkventile 9 from the Radbremszylindern 5 flowing brake fluid flows at atmospheric pressure in the brake fluid reservoir 3, if it is not funded by the hydraulic pump 10. A reduction of a Radbremsdrucks in the Radbremszylindern 5 substantially below atmospheric pressure when opening the Bremsdruckabsenkventile 9 is excluded by the connection of the wheel brake cylinder 5 via the Bremsdruckabsenkventile 9 to the brake fluid reservoir 3, in the atmospheric pressure. A slight lowering of the pressure below atmospheric pressure by a suction effect of the hydraulic pump 10 is possible.
Die Bremsdruckaufbauventile 7 und die Bremsdruckabsenkventile 9 bilden Rad- bremsdruckmodulationsventilanordnungen, mit denen bei angetriebener Hydropumpe 10 eine radindividuelle Bremsdruckregelung zur Schlupfregelung in an sich bekannter und hier nicht zu erläuternder Weise möglich ist. Die Bremsdruckaufbauventile 7 sind nicht zwingend erforderlich, sie können bei vereinfachten Ausführungsformen der Erfindung entfallen. Da die Bremsdruckabsenkventile 9 direkt an den Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter 3 angeschlossen sind, in dem Umgebungsdruck herrscht, kann der Radbremsdruck in den Radbremszylindern 5 durch Öffnen der Bremsdruckabsenkventile 9 immer auf Umgebungsdruck abgesenkt werden. Bei angetriebener Hydropumpe 10 sind die Radbremsdrücke in den Radbremszylindern 5 radindividuell mit den Bremsdruckabsenkventilen 9 und ohne die Bremsdruckaufbauventile 7 regelbar. Die Schlupfregelung ist deswegen auch ohne die Bremsdruckaufbauventile 7 wegen auch ohne die Bremsdruckaufbauventile 7 möglich. Bei einer muskelkraftbetätigten Fahrzeugbremsanlage 1 sollten allerdings die Trennventile 4 vorhanden sein, wenn die Bremsdruckaufbauventile 9 entfallen. Die Trennventile 4 werden während einer Schlupfregelung geschlossen, so dass ein unerwünschtes Nachgeben eines Fußbremspedals oder Handbremshebels vermieden wird. Auch die hydraulisch den Trennventilen 4 parallelgeschalteten Rückschlagventile 6 sollten aus genanntem Grund, ein unerwünschtes Nachgeben eines Fußbremspedals oder Handbremshebels zu vermeiden, mit den Bremsdruckaufbauventilen 7 entfallen. Mit den Bremsdruckaufbauventilen 7 ist die Güte Schlupfregelung allerdings verbessert.The brake pressure build-up valves 7 and the brake pressure reduction valves 9 form wheel brake pressure modulation valve arrangements, with which a wheel-specific brake pressure control for slip control in a manner known per se and not explained here is possible with the hydraulic pump 10 driven. The brake pressure build-up valves 7 are not absolutely necessary, they can be omitted in simplified embodiments of the invention. Since the Bremsdruckabsenkventile 9 are connected directly to the brake fluid reservoir 3, in the ambient pressure prevails, the wheel brake in the Radbremszylindern 5 can be lowered by opening the Bremsdruckabsenkventile 9 always to ambient pressure. When the hydraulic pump 10 is driven, the wheel brake pressures in the wheel brake cylinders 5 can be controlled individually with the brake pressure reduction valves 9 and without the brake pressure build-up valves 7. The slip control is therefore without the brake pressure build-up valves 7th because of possible without the brake pressure build-up valves 7. In a muscle-operated vehicle brake system 1, however, the isolation valves 4 should be present when the brake pressure build-up valves 9 are omitted. The isolation valves 4 are closed during a slip control, so that an undesired yielding of a Fußbremspedals or hand brake lever is avoided. Also, the check valves 6, which are connected in parallel hydraulically to the separating valves 4, should be omitted with the brake pressure build-up valves 7 for a given reason, to avoid unwanted yielding of a foot brake pedal or handbrake lever. With the brake pressure build-up valves 7, the quality slip control is improved, however.
Bei einer Schlupfregelung werden die Trennventile 4 geschlossen und die Bremskreise I, Il dadurch hydraulisch vom Hauptbremszylinder 2 getrennt. Dadurch werden Rückwirkungen, insbesondere ein vibrierendes Fußbremspedal oder, insbesondere bei einem Kraftrad, ein vibrierender Handbremshebel, durch Druckpulsationen der Bremsflüssigkeit als Folge der Bremsdruckmodulation vermieden. Außerdem verhindern die geschlossenen Trennventile 4, dass von den Hydropumpen 10 geförderte Bremsflüssigkeit in den Hauptbremszylinder 2 zurück strömt, wenn dieser nicht betätigt ist. Konstruktionsbedingt trennt der Hauptbremszylinder 2 bei seiner Betätigung den Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter 3 hydraulisch von sich. Ein Rückströmen von Bremsflüssigkeit, die von den Hydropumpen 10 gefördert wird, in den Hauptbremszylinder 2 ist deswegen ausgeschlossen, wenn der Hauptbremszylinder 2 betätigt ist. Bei betätigtem Hauptbremszylinder 2 müssen deswegen die Trennventile 4 nicht zwingend geschlossen werden. Da bei einer Blockierschutzregelung der Hauptbremszylinder 2 im- mer betätigt ist, können die Trennventile 4 bei vereinfachten Ausführungsformen der Erfindung entfallen, wenn die Fahrzeugbremsanlage 1 ausschließlich für eine Blockierschutzregelung vorgesehen ist. Bei einer muskelkraftbetätigten Fahrzeugbremsanlage 1 sollten nicht die Trennventile 4 und die Bremsdruckaufbauventile 7 entfallen. In a slip control the isolation valves 4 are closed and the brake circuits I, Il characterized hydraulically separated from the master cylinder 2. As a result, repercussions, in particular a vibrating foot brake pedal or, in particular in the case of a motorcycle, a vibrating hand brake lever, are avoided by pressure pulsations of the brake fluid as a result of the brake pressure modulation. In addition, the closed isolation valves 4 prevent that funded by the hydraulic pumps 10 brake fluid flows back into the master cylinder 2 when it is not actuated. Due to the design of the master cylinder 2 separates the brake fluid reservoir 3 hydraulically when it is actuated. A backflow of brake fluid, which is funded by the hydraulic pumps 10, in the master cylinder 2 is therefore excluded when the master cylinder 2 is actuated. When actuated master cylinder 2, therefore, the isolation valves 4 do not necessarily have to be closed. Since the main brake cylinder 2 is always actuated in the case of an anti-lock control, the separating valves 4 can be dispensed with in simplified embodiments of the invention if the vehicle brake system 1 is provided exclusively for an anti-lock control. In a muscle-operated vehicle brake system 1, the separating valves 4 and the brake pressure build-up valves 7 should not be omitted.

Claims

Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 StuttgartPatentansprüche Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 StuttgartPatent claims
1. Schlupfgeregelte hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlage, mit einem einen Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter (3) aufweisenden Hauptbremszylinder (2), an den mindestens ein Bremskreis I, Il angeschlossen ist, mit mindestens einem an den Hauptbremszylinder (2) angeschlossenen Radbremszylinder (5) je Bremskreis I, II, mit einem Bremsdruckabsenkventil (9), über das der Radbremszylinder (5) an eine Saugseite einer Hydro- pumpe (10) angeschlossen ist, an deren Druckseite der Radbremszylin- der (5) angeschlossen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Saugseite der Hydropumpe (10) und eine dem Radbremszylinder (5) abgewandte Seite des Bremsdruckabsenkventils (9) an den Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter (3) angeschlossen ist.1. Slip-controlled hydraulic vehicle brake system, with a brake fluid reservoir (3) having master cylinder (2), is connected to the at least one brake circuit I, Il, with at least one of the master cylinder (2) connected wheel brake cylinder (5) per brake circuit I, II, with a brake pressure reduction valve (9), via which the wheel brake cylinder (5) is connected to a suction side of a hydraulic pump (10), to whose pressure side the wheel brake cylinder (5) is connected, characterized in that the suction side of the hydraulic pump (10 ) and a the wheel brake cylinder (5) facing away from the Bremsdruckabsenkventils (9) to the brake fluid reservoir (3) is connected.
2. Fahrzeugbremsanlage nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Saugseite der Hydropumpe (10) und eine dem Radbremszylinder (5) abgewandte Seite des Bremsdruckabsenkventils (9) unmittelbar an den Hauptbremszylinder (2) angeschlossen ist.2. Vehicle brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that the suction side of the hydraulic pump (10) and a wheel brake cylinder (5) facing away from the Bremsdruckabsenkventils (9) is connected directly to the master cylinder (2).
3. Fahrzeugbremsanlage nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Radbremszylinder (5) über ein Bremsdruckaufbau- ventil (7) an den Hauptbremszylinder (2) angeschlossen ist. Fahrzeugbremsanlage nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Bremskreis I, Il über ein Trennventil (4) an den Hauptbremszylinder (2) angeschlossen ist. 3. Vehicle brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one wheel brake cylinder (5) via a brake pressure build-up valve (7) to the master cylinder (2) is connected. Vehicle brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one brake circuit I, Il via a separating valve (4) to the master cylinder (2) is connected.
PCT/EP2007/056870 2006-08-09 2007-07-06 Slip-controlled hydraulic vehicle braking system WO2008017548A1 (en)

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