WO2008017243A1 - Équipement destiné à fabriquer du charbon de bois, procédé pour fabriquer du charbon de bois à l'aide de l'équipement, et utilisations du charbon de bois - Google Patents

Équipement destiné à fabriquer du charbon de bois, procédé pour fabriquer du charbon de bois à l'aide de l'équipement, et utilisations du charbon de bois Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008017243A1
WO2008017243A1 PCT/CN2007/002284 CN2007002284W WO2008017243A1 WO 2008017243 A1 WO2008017243 A1 WO 2008017243A1 CN 2007002284 W CN2007002284 W CN 2007002284W WO 2008017243 A1 WO2008017243 A1 WO 2008017243A1
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Prior art keywords
charcoal
furnace
cavity
carbonization
straw
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PCT/CN2007/002284
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Dianfeng Pang
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Dianfeng Pang
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Application filed by Dianfeng Pang filed Critical Dianfeng Pang
Publication of WO2008017243A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008017243A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B1/00—Retorts
    • C10B1/02—Stationary retorts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mechanism charcoal device and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a straw mechanism charcoal device and a method for preparing the same, and a use of the obtained charcoal.
  • Charcoal refers to a bio-based material containing a carbon component, which is carbonized by a certain process to obtain a flammable black product. It is widely used in metallurgy, chemical, fragrance, activated carbon, silicon refining, mosquito coils, barbecue, hot pot, agriculture and other fields.
  • the purpose of the invention is to solve the problems of high cost of production of charcoal in the current mechanism, inconvenient use of equipment, pollution of the environment during use, unmanageable materials after combustion, random disposal of the same polluted environment, and poor handling of the manufacturing process, etc.
  • the straw mechanism charcoal equipment with the advantages of low production cost, simple process, energy saving and environmental protection, and the charcoal method thereof and the use of the obtained charcoal.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a straw mechanism charcoal equipment comprising a charcoal carbonization furnace and a rod making machine, wherein the charcoal carbonization furnace comprises a furnace body, a cavity is arranged between the inner and outer walls of the furnace body, and at least one carbonization liquid is connected to the cavity
  • the outlet is provided with at least one lower pressure discharge port; and an oxygen control switch is also mounted on the furnace body.
  • the cavity is located between the whole body of the furnace body and the inner and outer steel plates of the furnace door, and a cavity in the middle of the cavity is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and the lower cavity is connected to the upper and lower two carbonization liquids.
  • the surface of the double-layer steel plate around the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a bulging bend.
  • a reinforcing pull plate for preventing thermal expansion and contraction damage to the baffle of the baffle is installed under the baffle; and a reinforcing rib is arranged in the double-layer cavity of the furnace door.
  • the upper cavity is in communication with the door frame cavity.
  • the control oxygen switch is located at the junction of the furnace body and its chimney, and is connected to the hand crank.
  • the hand crank is coupled to a pair of sprockets that are coupled by a screw to a hand crank disposed on a side of the furnace body.
  • the rear end of the screw of the bar maker is fixed with an anti-swing shaft coaxial with the shaft, and the anti-pendulum shaft is connected with the reducer.
  • a charcoal method for making charcoal by a straw mechanism wherein the raw material is directly put into a carbonization furnace without any treatment, and after a certain time, the furnace door is closed and the oxygen control switch is turned on; then the liquid inlet and outlet for carbonization is opened.
  • the carbonization liquid enters the lower cavity of the carbonization furnace to promote the rapid carbonization conversion of the plants in the furnace and reduce the furnace temperature; the charcoal is obtained, and the time from the raw material to the carbonization furnace to the furnace is 40-80 minutes;
  • the powder is pulverized and the stick mechanism is used.
  • the invention relates to a method for preparing charcoal by a straw mechanism charcoal device, which comprises the steps of: after the charcoal is fully burned, the obtained ash is used for making a compound fertilizer or for making a refractory brick.
  • the raw materials of the process of the invention can be corn stalk, soybean straw, sesame straw, cotton straw, sorghum straw, sorghum
  • Crop straw such as hemp straw
  • discarded resources such as leaf corners, branches, bark, roots, bamboo, bamboo branches, bamboo roots and shrubs in the mountains.
  • the conventional charcoal adopts wood with a raw material of 5 cm or more in diameter
  • other mechanical charcoal is produced by using sawdust as a raw material, and the cost thereof is high; and the invention adopts a technology of using waste materials such as straw, so the raw material cost is low, and the technical material of the present invention has four tons of raw materials.
  • Producing one ton of charcoal the cost of its charcoal is only 650-700 yuan (RMB) / ton.
  • the invention is specially designed for waste resources such as straw, because the selected raw materials are looser than the raw materials used in other charcoal methods, so the conventional kiln has a carbonization time of 3 days and other carbonization furnaces have a carbonization time of 24 hours, because the carbonization time is too long. It is impossible to convert straw and the like into charcoal, and only burn it to ash.
  • the carbonization furnace designed by the present invention solves this problem by shortening the carbonization time to 40-80 minutes.
  • the preparation of charcoal by the method of the invention can reduce the pollution discharge in the traditional charcoal production by 80%, and the charcoal produced by the crop straw is smokeless and tasteless when burned.
  • the carbon residue after burning ordinary coal is useless, but the ash obtained by burning the charcoal of the present invention is formed into a mud-like shape, and can be formed into a refractory brick; since the ash contains 1.28% of phosphorus, 9.89% of potassium, and a pH of 1 1.85, so high-grade compound fertilizer can be produced by adding appropriate amount of nitrogen.
  • the invention has the advantages of wide raw materials, easy purchase and low price, conforming to national energy and environmental protection policies, saving time and effort; simple production process, easy to master, realizing the reuse of waste energy, effectively protecting the ecological environment; charcoal burning The later ash can still be used in other production areas without causing new pollution to the environment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a carbonization furnace of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view showing the furnace body of the carbonization furnace of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a right side view of the furnace body of the carbonization furnace of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a left side view of the furnace body of the carbonization furnace of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the enlarged installation of the oxygen control switch of the carbonization furnace of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the rod making machine of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 - Figure ⁇ is a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment comprises a straw carbonization furnace and a rod making machine.
  • the charcoal carbonization furnace comprises a furnace body 1 and a furnace door 2, a chimney 3 is arranged above the furnace body 1, and a cavity is arranged between the inner and outer steel plates on both sides of the furnace body 1.
  • a partition plate 7 which divides the cavity into an upper cavity 10 and a lower cavity 4, and the lower cavity 4 is connected with two upper and lower carbonization liquid inlets and outlets 5, and the upper side of the lower cavity 4
  • the lower portion is provided with a lower pressure discharge port 9;
  • the control portion of the chimney 3 and the furnace body 1 is provided with an oxygen control switch 10, and the oxygen control switch 10 is connected to the hand crank 21 through the two sprockets 20, and the hand crank 21 is located in the furnace body 1
  • the side portion is convenient for controlling the oxygen control 10 at the lower side, and of course, the hand crank 21 can be directly controlled on the control oxygen switch 10.
  • the entire furnace body 1 and the inner and outer steel plates of the furnace door 2 are all provided with a cavity, and the upper cavity 10 is connected with the door cavity; the upper cavity 16 is provided with two upper and lower liquid inlets and outlets 18 and up and down Two cooling water inlets and outlets 6, and at least one upper pressure discharge port 19 are also provided.
  • the surface of the double-layer steel plate around the bottom of the furnace body 1 is provided with a bulging bend 7, and the purpose is to prevent the deformation of the steel plate from thermal expansion and contraction in the carbonization of the upper furnace body.
  • a reinforcing pull plate 8 for preventing thermal expansion and contraction damage to the separator welded joint is installed under the partition plate 17; the furnace door 2 is provided with a reinforcing rib 1 in the double-layer cavity.
  • the screw of the rod machine 13 is fixed at the rear end of the screw shaft with an anti-swing shaft 15 and its anti-swing shaft. 15 The anti-swing shaft 15 is connected to the reducer 1 2.
  • the raw materials When in use, the raw materials are directly placed in the carbonization furnace, and after 40-80 minutes, the carbon powder is physically converted, and no energy consumption is required.
  • the charcoal powder will be put into the pulverizer and pulverized into 100 mesh carbon powder.
  • the pulverizer is equipped with a three-phase power motor of 20 kW, 8 hours shift. Producing 5 tons, the actual consumption of carbon powder by this machine is 35 kW/ton.
  • the rod machine design uses a high wear-resistant alloy material to make the shaft and the shaft shell.
  • the new anti-axis swing force design increases the life of the equipment.
  • Charcoal method The straw is directly burned into the carbonization furnace without any treatment, and after a certain time, the furnace door is closed and the oxygen control switch is turned on; then the carbonization liquid inlet is opened to make the water enter the lower chamber of the carbonization furnace, Promote rapid carbonization conversion of plants in the furnace and reduce the temperature of the furnace; obtain charcoal from the furnace, and take 40-80 minutes from the straw into the carbonization furnace to the furnace; then crush the carbon powder and use a rod-making mechanism rod. After the obtained charcoal is burned, the ash can be used as a raw material for the composite fertilizer, and can also be used for the production of refractory bricks.
  • Air dry basis volatiles (Vad %) 31 .63 21 .56
  • Air dry hydrogen content (Had %) 3.02 2.84 GB/T476-2001
  • Air dry base total sulfur content (S ⁇ , ad %) 0.10 0.22 GB/T214-1996

Description

秸秆机制木炭设备及其制木炭方法和所得木炭的用途 技术领域
本发明涉及一种机制木炭设备及制作方法， 特别涉及一种秸秆机制木炭设备及其制木炭 方法和所得木炭的用途。
背景技术
木炭是指含有炭成分的生物制材料， 经过一定工艺炭化后得到可燃性黑色产物。 它广泛 应用于冶金、 化工、 造香、 活性炭、 炼硅、 蚊香、 烧烤、 火锅、 农业等领域。 目前传统的窑 烧树炭工艺， 三天出一窑木炭， 耗时费力， 污染严重， 要耗费大量木材， 成本很高， 并与各 国环保政策相违背， 且会存在未完全炭化的部分即生炭头， 在使用时易产生二次污染； 市场 也出现了一些机制木炭技术公司， 但他们在制作木炭时， 是以锯沫为原料， 采用的炭化炉结 构为铁皮骨架里面砌耐火砖， 炭化时间为 24 小时， 其工艺歩骤为： 原料经过筛选、 粉碎、 烘干、 高压制棒、 炭化 24 小时， 然后粉碎得到产品炭粉和炭棒。 由于炭化时间长， 这种方 式对于秸秆等废弃资源来说， 会使其直接变为灰烬， 无法烧结成炭； 而且其投资大， 生产成 本高， 产品燃烧时仍有烟产生， 污染环境， 因此无实际操作性。 而我国的秸秆资源丰富， 这 些秸秆等物质作为废弃资源往往被丢弃， 使其所包含的生物能源被浪费， 在木炭生产中更是 没有利用秸秆等废弃资源进行木炭制作的技术出现。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了解决目前机制木炭生产成本高， 设备使用不便， 产品在使用时污 染环境， 燃烧后所得物质无法处理， 随意丢弃同样污染环境， 且其加工制作工艺操作性差等 问题， 提供一种具有生产成本低、 工艺简单、 节能环保等优点的秸秆机制木炭设备及其 木 炭方法和所得木炭的用途。
为实现上述目的， 本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种秸秆机制木炭设备， 它包括木炭炭化炉及制棒机， 所述木炭炭化炉含有炉体， 所述 炉体的内外壁之间设有空腔， 空腔连接有至少一个炭化用液体进出口； 空腔设有至少一个下 部排压口； 在炉体上还安装有给控氧开关。
所述空腔位于炉体整体及其炉门的内外层钢板之间， 空腔中部有把空腔分为上部空腔和 下部空腔的隔板， 下部空腔连接上下两个炭化用液体进出口以及下部排压口； 上部空腔连接 至少一对液体进出口和至少一对冷却水进出口以及上部排压口。
所述炉体四周、 底部的双层钢板表面设有隆起折弯。
所述隔板的下方安装有防止热胀冷缩伤害隔板悍口的加强拉板； 炉门双层空腔内设有加 强筋。
所述上部空腔与门口框空腔相连通。
所述给控氧开关位于炉体与其烟囱的结合处， 它与手摇把连接。
所述手摇把与一对链轮连接， 链轮通过螺杆与设置在炉体侧面的手摇把连接。
所述制棒机的螺杆后端固定一与其同轴心的防摆轴， 防摆轴连接减速机。
一种秸秆机制木炭设备制木炭方法， 其方法为， 将原材料不做任何处理直接放入炭化炉 内燃烧， 燃到一定时间后关闭炉门和给控氧开关； 然后打开炭化用液体进出口使炭化用液体 进入炭化炉下部空腔内， 起到促进炉内植物快速炭化转换作用和降低炉温作用； 出炉得到木 炭， 从原材料放入炭化炉到出炉所需时间 40— 80 分钟； 然后将炭粉粉碎、 用制棒机制棒。
一种秸秆机制木炭设备制得木炭的应用方法， 其方法为， 将所得木炭充分燃烧后， 将其 所得的灰烬用于制作复合肥或用于制作耐火砖。
本发明工艺的原材料可采用玉米秸秆、 大豆秸秆、 芝麻秸秆、 棉花秸秆、 高粱秸秆、 蓖
1
确认本 麻秸秆等农作物秸秆， 以及板材边角、 树枝、 树皮、 树根、 毛竹、 竹枝、 竹根和山区灌木类 植物等废弃资源。 由于传统木炭采用原料为 5公分直径以上木料， 其它机制炭采用锯沫为原 料生产， 其成本较高； 而本发明是采用秸秆等废弃原料的技术， 所以原材料成本低， 本发明 技术四吨原料产一吨木炭， 其机制木炭成本仅 650-700元 （人民币） /吨。
本发明专为秸秆等废弃资源设计， 因所选原料比其它制木炭方法所用原料纤维疏松， 所 以现有技术传统窑烧炭化时间 3天、 其它炭化炉炭化时间 24小时， 因其炭化时间太长， 根 本无法将秸杆等转换成木炭， 只能烧成灰。 而本发明设计的炭化炉将炭化时间缩短为 40-80 分钟， 就解决了这一问题。
采用本发明方法制备木炭， 可降低传统木炭生产中污染排放的 80%， 且农作物秸秆制成 的木炭燃烧时无烟无味。 普通煤炭燃烧后的炭渣无用， 但本发明的木炭燃烧后所得灰见水成 泥状， 可成型制成耐火砖； 由于其灰烬中含有磷 1 .28%， 钾 9.89%， PH值为 1 1 .85， 因此加 入适量氮后可制作高档复合肥料。
本发明的有益效果是： 原料广阔， 易购、 价格低， 符合各国能源与环保政策、 省时省力； 生产工艺简单， 易于掌握， 实现了废弃能源的再利用， 有效保护了生态环境； 木炭燃烧后的 灰烬仍可用于其他生产领域， 不会对环境造成新的污染。
附图说明
图 1 为本发明炭化炉的结构示意图；
图 2 为本发明炭化炉炉体的主视示意图；
图 3 为本发明炭化炉炉体的右视示意图；
图 4为本发明炭化炉炉体的左视示意图；
图 5为本发明炭化炉给控氧开关的放大安装示意图；
图 6为本发明制棒机的结构示意图。
图中， 1炉体， 2炉门， 3烟囱， 4下部空腔， 5炭化用液体进出口， 6冷却水进出.口， 7 隆起折弯， 8加强拉板， 9下部排压口， 10给控氧开关, 1 1加强筋， 12减速机， 13制棒机， 14螺杆， 15防摆轴， 1 6上部空腔， 1 7隔板， 18液体进出口， 1 9上部排压口， 20链轮， 21手摇把。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图与实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例 1：
图 1 -图 ό为本发明的一种具体实施例。
该实施例包括秸秆炭化炉及制棒机， 木炭炭化炉含有炉体 1、 炉门 2， 炉体 1 的上方设 有一烟囱 3， 炉体 1 的两侧内外层钢板之间设有空腔， 空腔的中部有把空腔分为上部空腔 1 0 和下部空腔 4的隔板 1 7， 下部空腔 4连接有上下两个炭化用液体进出口 5， 同时下部空腔 4 的上侧部设有下部排压口 9;烟囱 3与炉体 1的结合处安装有给控氧开关 10,给控氧开关 10 通过两链轮 20连接手摇把 21， 手摇把 21位于炉体 1 的侧部， 便于在下方控制给控氧幵关 10, 当然也可直接在给控氧幵关 10上安装手摇把 21进行控制。
整个炉体 1及炉门 2的内外层钢板之间全部设有空腔， 上部空腔 1 0与门口空腔相连通； 在上部空腔 1 6上设有上下两个液体进出口 18和上下两个冷却水进出口 6， 同时还设有至少 一个上部排压口 19。
炉体 1 四周、 底部的双层钢板表面设有隆起折弯 7， 目的是防止上炉体炭化中热胀冷缩 出现钢板变形的问题。 隔板 1 7的下方安装有防止热胀冷缩伤害隔板焊口的加强拉板 8; 炉门 2双层空腔内设有加强筋 1 1。 制棒机 13的螺杆〗4后端固定一与其词轴心的防摆轴 15， 防 摆轴 15连接减速机 1 2。
使用时， 将原料直接放入炭化炉， 40-80分钟后， 物理转换得到炭粉， 不需要能源消耗。 将得到炭粉进入粉碎机， 粉碎成为 100目炭粉， 粉碎机配套三相动力电机 20千瓦， 8小时班 产 5吨， 用该机生产炭粉实际耗电 35千瓦 /吨。 制棒机设计采用高耐磨合金材料制成轴及轴 壳。 全新防轴摆动力设计， 使设备寿命增加。
实施例 2:
.制木炭方法： 将秸秆不做任何处理直接放入炭化炉内燃烧， 燃到一定时间后关闭炉门和 给控氧开关； 然后打开炭化用液体进口使水进入炭化炉下部内腔， 起到促进炉内植物快速炭 化转换作用和降低炉温作用； 出炉得到木炭， 从秸秆放入炭化炉到出炉所需时间 40-80分钟; 然后将炭粉粉碎、 用制棒机制棒。 所得木炭燃烧后， 其灰烬可作为复合肥原料， 也可用于制 作耐火砖。
所得木炭与传统木炭比较:
检测结果
传统木 本发明木
检测项目名称 炭 炭 检测方法 收到基 （全） 水分 （Mar) 6.51 10.8 GB/T21 1 -1996
空干基水分 （Mad %) 5.55 5.53
空干基灰分 （Aad %) 3.63 1 1 .8
GB/T212-2001
空干基挥发分 （Vad %) 31 .63 21 .56
空干基固定炭 [ ( FC) ad %] 59.19 61 .1 1
空干基氢含量 （Had %) 3.02 2.84 GB/T476-2001
空干基全硫含量 （S†， ad %) 0.10 0.22 GB/T214-1996
发热量 空干基高位发热量 （Qgr, ad 25.89 25.48
MJ/ g)
*换算为 （卡 /克） 6190 6090 GB/T213-2003
收到基低位发热量 （Qne†， ar 24.86 23.26
MJ/Kg)
*换算为 （卡 /克） 5950 5560

Claims

权利要 书
1、一种秸秆机制木炭设备，它包括木炭炭化炉及制棒机，所述木炭炭化炉包括炉体（1 )， 其特征是：所述炉体（1 )的内外壁之间设有空腔，空腔连接有至少一个炭化用液体进出口（5); 空腔设有至少一个下部排压口 （9): 在炉体 （1 ) 上还安装有给控氧开关 （10)。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的秸秆机制木炭设备， 其特征是： 所述空腔位于炉体 （1 ) 整体 及其炉门 （2) 的内外层钢板之间， 空腔中部有把空腔分为上部空腔 （1 6) 和下部空腔 （4) 的隔板 （17)， 下部空腔 （4) 连接上下两个炭化用液体进出口 （5) 以及下部排压口 （9 ); 上部空腔 （1 0) 连接至少一对液体进出口 （18) 和至少一对冷却水进出口 （6) 以及上部排 压口 （19)。 '
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的秸秆机制木炭设备， 其特征是： 所述炉体 （1 ) 四周、 底部的 双层钢板表面设有隆起折弯 （7)。
4、 根据权利要求 2所述的秸秆机制木炭设备， 其特征是： 所述隔板 （17 ) 的下方安装 有防止热胀冷缩伤害隔板焊口的加强拉板 （8); 炉门 （2) 双层空腔内设有加强筋 （1 1 )。
5、 根据权利要求 2所述的秸秆机制木炭设备， 其特征是： 所述上部空腔 （16) 与门口 框空腔相连通。
6、 根据权利要求 1 所述的秸秆机制木炭设备， 其特征是： 所述给控氧开关 （10) 位于 炉体 （1 ) 与其烟囱 （3) 的结合处， 它与手摇把 （21 ) 连接。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的秸秆机制木炭设备， 其特征是： 所述手摇把 （21 ) 与一对链 轮 （20) 连接， 链轮 （20) 通过螺杆与设置在炉体 U ) 侧面的手摇把 （21 ) 连接。
8、根据权利要求 1所述的秸秆机制木炭设备，其特征是：所述制棒机（13)的螺杆（14) 后端固定一与其同轴心的防摆轴 （15)， 防摆轴 （15) 连接减速机 （12)。
9、一种采用权利要求 1所述秸秆机制木炭设备制木炭方法， 其特征是： 将原材料不做任 何处理直接放入炭化炉内燃烧， 燃到一定时间后关闭炉门和给控氧开关； 然后打开炭化用液 体进出口使炭化用液体进入炭化炉下部空腔内， 起到促进炉内植物快速炭化转换作用和降低 炉温作用； 出炉得到木炭， 从原材料放入炭化炉到出炉所需时间 40— 80 分钟； 然后将炭粉 粉碎、 用制棒机制棒。
10、 一种采用权利要求 1所述秸秆机制木炭设备制得木炭的应用方法， 其特征是： 将所 得木炭充分燃烧后， 将其所得的灰烬用于制作复合肥或用于制作耐火砖。
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