Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03D—WIND MOTORS
  • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
  • F03D1/06—Rotors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
  • B66C17/00—Overhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
  • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
  • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
  • B66C23/20—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes with supporting couples provided by walls of buildings or like structures
  • B66C23/207—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes with supporting couples provided by walls of buildings or like structures with supporting couples provided by wind turbines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2240/00—Components
  • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
  • F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
  • F05B2240/916—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure with provision for hoisting onto the structure
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
  • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
  • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

Definitions

• This invention relates to wind turbines housed in a nacelle atop a tall tower, and more particularly to an integrated service crane for accessing turbine components atop high towers.
• the cost of wind-generated electricity has been dropping due to technological innovations and economies of scale.
• the average turbine size is now approximately 1.5 MW with rotor diameters ranging from 70 to 85m.
• This class of turbines has on average a nacelle weight of 50 tons (generators, gear box and nacelle housing) and a rotor weight of approximately 35 tons.
• manufacturers have been designing taller towers to take advantage of greater wind energy at higher levels above ground. Manufacturers are increasingly relying on 80 and 100 m tower designs, rather than the shorter towers used previously.
• US Patent 6,955,025 discloses a method of raising a wind turbine tower wherein the nacelle and turbine generators housed in the nacelle are raised together, such that once the tower is raised the nacelle is at the top of the tower. It is possible using the method described therein to lower the tower and nacelle to replace the nacelle and turbine. However for routine maintenance or replacement of only one component, such as one generator, it is not cost effective to lower the entire nacelle. Only the defective component need be lowered.
• the invention is concerned with a wind turbine service crane for lifting heavy turbine components onto the top of a very tall tower (80-10Om) .
• the service crane for a wind turbine comprises a movable main crane beam having a track for guidance of a trolley, a first frame comprising a hinge at a pivot point, wherein the crane beam is connected to the hinge such that a portion of the crane beam extends beyond the pivot point, a stationary beam which is connected with a distal end of the crane beam such that the crane beam can laterlly move along the stationary beam.
• the service crane comprises a main crane beam having a track upon which a trolley can run.
• a hinge is provided at a pivot point near a proximate end of the main beam, such that an aft portion of the beam extends beyond the pivot point to the exterior of the turbine, the hinge being supported by an aft frame attached to a floor of the nacelle and connected to the main beam.
• a distal end of the main beam rests upon a forward beam, which is supported by a forward frame attached to the floor of the nacelle.
• a lateral motion actuator operatively connected to ' the main beam moves the main beam back and forth along the forward beam.
• the trolley includes a longitudinal motion ac- tuator such that the trolley runs back and forth along the main beam.
• the trolley In operation the trolley is moved to the interior of the turbine where a turbine component is attached to a hook that is lowered by cable from the trolley.
• the trolley with the component on the hook is moved to the aft portion of the main beam, which extends beyond the turbine.
• the hook is then lowered to ground so that the component can be serviced or replaced.
• the on-board service crane comprises a service crane structure supporting the housing and provides housing access to the nacelle exterior, from the service level through a housing door.
• the service crane enables servicing the upper end of a wind turbine tower without the need to mobilize a large crane.
• the capacity of the service crane is comparable to the weights lifted.
• the invention has the advantage that because the crane is an integral part of the nacelle it avoids the need to bring a ground level crane or special apparatus to the wind turbine site for accessing the components through removal of the nacelle top, in order to remove components and lower them down the ground for repair or replacement.
• the invention has the advantage of lowering the cost of clean energy by reducing the maintenance and repair costs of wind turbines .
• FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a crane within a nacelle for lifting turbine components to the nacelle located on the top of a tower;
• FIGURE 2 is a front elevation view of the nacelle shown in FIGURE 1;
• FIGURE 3 is a port side view of the nacelle shown in FIGURE 1;
• FIGURE 4 is a perspective drawing showing the nacelle bed with the crane in the nacelle.
• FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a crane within a nacelle for lifting turbine components to the nacelle located on the top of a tower.
• An on-board 2-ton capacity service crane is installed at the rear of the nacelle.
• a hinged or roll down door at the rear of the nacelle allows for components to be lowered and service tools and other materials to be raised from the ground.
• This crane allows for service of brakes, yaw motors, generators, gearbox pinion cartridges and other components. By avoiding the need to call out even a small service crane, the use of this on-board service crane is expected to produce a positive benefit to both scheduled and unscheduled maintenance costs.
• FIGURE 2 which is a front elevation view of the nacelle shown in FIGURE 1 and to FIGURE 3, which is a port side view of the nacelle shown in FIGURE 1.
• the service crane structure supports the sides and top surfaces of the nacelle. There is access to the wind turbine components from the service level of the nacelle to the exterior through a rear door, shown in FIGURE 1, and on the right-hand side of the drawing of FIGURE 3.
• the nacelle is partially illustrated in FIGURE 4 and is of a conventional "bathtub" shaped design.
• the nacelle houses a turbine having four generators, 100, 102, 104, 106, connected through a gearbox 108 to a main shaft 110 held in place by a main bearing 112 attached to the floor of the nacelle bathtub 114.
• the main shaft is connected to a rotor hub 116, which conventionally has three rotor blades, 118, 120, and 122, which are turned by wind.
• the rotor blades turn the main shaft 110, which moves gears in the gearbox 108.
• the gears turn the generators, which produce electricity from wind power.
• the nacelle service crane includes a curved, stationary forward I-beam frame 124 attached to the main bearing 112 and a linear, moveable I-beam crane rail 128 resting at a distal end 130 on the forward frame 124 by means of four rollers 134, 136, 138, 140.
• One or more of the rollers are connected to a lateral motion main beam actuator, such as a servomotor, which when actuated causes the main beam to move in a lateral direction.
• a cable and pulley lateral motion actua- tor may achieve lateral motion.
• the proximate end 142 of the crane rail 128 is attached via a hingel44 to a stationary aft frame 146 mounted on the floor of the nacelle bathtub 114.
• the crane rail can rotate about the hinge axis 148 within the outer limits 150, 152 set by the length of the forward frame upon which the distal end of the crane rail rests.
• a lower portion 154 of the crane-rail I-beam acts as an overhead monorail upon which a trolley 156 runs.
• the trolley is suspended from the overhead crane rail by means of four wheels 158,160,162, and 164, that straddle the crane rail I-beam.
• One or more of the rollers are connected to a longitudinal motion trolley actuator, such as a servomotor, which when actuated causes the trolley to move in a longitudinal direction along the crane rail.
• a cable and pulley longitudinal motion actuator may achieve longitudinal motion.
• the trolley has a hook 166 that can be raised and lowered by a cable 168 and winch (not shown) .
• the hook can be attached to a component, such as one of the generators, for the purpose of transporting it to the proximate end of the crane rail, which is outside of the nacelle. Because the crane rail is moveable about the pivot point 148, any one of the generators is accessible to the hook by moving the crane rail laterally.
• a fairing 170 is mounted at the proximate end 142 of the crane rail. The fairing is shaped so as to reduce drag, which may induce yaw.
• the winch mechanism is housed within the fairing, with the additional ability to operate the crane rail actuator to move the crane rail back and forth on the forward frame 124 and to operate the trolley actuator to move the trolley back- and-forth along the crane rail 128.
• the trolley is free to move past the aft frame 146 to the outside of the nacelle and into the fairing 170, which is also outside of the nacelle. Once outside the nacelle the hook 166 with component attached can be lowered by the cable to ground level for servicing the component .
• the nacelle is fitted with a hinged or roll-up door 171, which is operated by a mechanism within the fairing to move the door out of the way to permit the trolley to exit the rear of the nacelle.
• the FAA pod 172 pivots forward on a moveable arm 174 to permit access.
• the crane support structural frame, the curved, stationary forward I-beam frame 124, stationary aft frame 146 mounted to the nacelle bathtub 114, also serve as structural support for the sides and top of the nacelle turbine housing.
• the sides and top of the nacelle are not shown in FIGURE! 4.
• the crane structure allows for horizontal delivery of components to the exterior of the nacelle through the rear door 171 from which they are lowered to ground level.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Wind Motors (AREA)
• Jib Cranes (AREA)
• Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
• Carriers, Traveling Bodies, And Overhead Traveling Cranes (AREA)

Priority Applications (11)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=38072605

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (16)

Cited By (8)

Families Citing this family (13)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (18)

• 2007
  • 2007-02-21 AU AU2007228500A patent/AU2007228500A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-02-21 US US11/885,778 patent/US7789252B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-02-21 BR BRPI0702849-0A patent/BRPI0702849A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-02-21 JP JP2009500947A patent/JP2009530541A/ja active Pending
  • 2007-02-21 ES ES07705633T patent/ES2309982T3/es active Active
  • 2007-02-21 KR KR1020077020250A patent/KR100880275B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-02-21 CN CN2007800001182A patent/CN101310107B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-02-21 PL PL07705633T patent/PL1859165T3/pl unknown
  • 2007-02-21 PT PT07705633T patent/PT1859165E/pt unknown
  • 2007-02-21 WO PCT/IB2007/000420 patent/WO2007107817A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2007-02-21 DK DK07705633T patent/DK1859165T3/da active
  • 2007-02-21 DE DE602007000027T patent/DE602007000027D1/de active Active
  • 2007-02-21 EP EP07705633A patent/EP1859165B1/en not_active Not-in-force
  • 2007-02-21 CA CA2598505A patent/CA2598505C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-02-21 AT AT07705633T patent/ATE399265T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-09-10 NO NO20074578A patent/NO20074578L/no not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (4)

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