WO2007102445A1 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007102445A1 WO2007102445A1 PCT/JP2007/054119 JP2007054119W WO2007102445A1 WO 2007102445 A1 WO2007102445 A1 WO 2007102445A1 JP 2007054119 W JP2007054119 W JP 2007054119W WO 2007102445 A1 WO2007102445 A1 WO 2007102445A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- condenser
- fuel cell
- water
- internal pressure
- control device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04432—Pressure differences, e.g. between anode and cathode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04783—Pressure differences, e.g. between anode and cathode
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system having a condenser for condensing moisture contained in gas.
- the fuel cell system consists of a fuel cell that generates fuel gas from the field, a condenser that condenses the water contained in the fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell to produce condensed water, and a condenser What has a storage part which stores condensed water is known.
- the reformer for reforming the fuel gas When stopping the operation of the fuel cell system described above, the reformer for reforming the fuel gas is cooled to a certain extent, and then the stop is completed, and then it is allowed to cool.
- the open / close valve In the fuel cell system, when the operation is stopped, the open / close valve is closed to close the reformer and the condenser in order to prevent foreign matter from entering and protect the catalyst in the reformer. And not open to the atmosphere. For this reason, when the operation of the fuel cell system is stopped, the sealed space gradually cools from the heated state. At this time, water is condensed by cooling the gas containing a large amount of water vapor. Therefore, the buttocks of the sealed space become negative pressure.
- the water accumulated in the condenser should be drained, and if the drain valve connected to the condenser is opened, the water accumulated in the storage section will pass through the drain valve due to the negative pressure. (Negative pressure side) may flow backward.
- Patent Document 1 in a fuel cell system, a heat exchanger is provided on the downstream side of the reformer, CO converter, and CO remover, and a dedicated fuel cell system is provided for each heat exchanger. Techniques relating to the method are disclosed. According to this, before the start-up, the inert gas is supplied to each heat exchanger, the condensed water staying inside each heat exchanger is discharged from each heat exchanger, and then the fuel cell system Is supposed to be activated. According to this, since the condensed water staying inside each heat exchanger can be discharged by the inert gas, each reformer, CO converter and CO remover is warmed up early. be able to.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a condenser that condenses water contained in fuel gas, two or more gas-liquid separators that condense condensed water condensed in the condenser, and each gas-liquid separator.
- a fuel cell system having a recovered water storage unit for storing condensed water separated from gas and liquid, a drainage channel connecting the gas-liquid separator and the recovered water storage unit, and a valve mechanism provided in the drainage channel. It is disclosed.
- the control device controls the valve mechanism so that the plurality of gas-liquid separators do not pass each other through the drainage channel. This prevents back flow of water caused by the differential pressure between multiple gas-liquid separators.
- Patent Document 3 also includes a reforming section that reforms the fuel gas into a hydrogen-rich gas, and a CO reduction section that reduces the CO contained in the reformed gas.
- a fuel reformer that has a drain hole at the bottom and a drain hole at the bottom of the CO reduction section is disclosed. According to this, there is disclosed a fuel reformer for a fuel cell that discharges the liquid component accumulated in the reforming unit and the liquid component accumulated in the CO reduction unit when the system is started.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-260699
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-220876
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-182531 Disclosure of Invention
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a fuel cell system that is advantageous for suppressing the backflow of water from the reservoir to the condenser due to the negative pressure inside the condenser.
- the task is to do.
- a fuel cell system includes a fuel cell that generates electric power using a reaction gas, a condenser that condenses moisture contained in a reaction gas supplied to the fuel cell or an off-gas of the reaction gas, and generates condensed water;
- a fuel cell system having a storage part for storing condensed water collected in a condenser, (i) provided at the condenser and storage part, A drain valve that can be switched between a closed state in which the communication between the condenser and the storage unit is blocked, and an open state in which the condenser and the storage unit are in communication with each other to discharge the water of the condenser to the storage unit; (ii) It is characterized in that it has a control device that increases the internal pressure and opens the drain valve after increasing the internal pressure of the condenser.
- a reactive gas means a gas that contributes to a power generation reaction in a fuel cell. When a reformer is provided, the reaction gas is a reformed gas obtained by reforming the raw
- the drain valve when the drain valve is opened, the water accumulated in the condenser passes through the drain valve and is transferred to the reservoir.
- the drain valve is opened in this way, the internal pressure of the condenser is increased by a command from the control device. This prevents the water in the reservoir from flowing back to the condenser.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a fuel cell system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart according to an example executed by the control device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart according to another example executed by the control device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart according to an example executed by the control device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a fuel cell system according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart according to an example executed by the control device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart according to another example related to the third embodiment and executed by the control device.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart according to an example executed by the control device according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart according to another example related to the fourth embodiment and executed by the control device.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a fuel cell system according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart according to an example executed by the control device according to the fifth embodiment.
- a fuel cell system includes a fuel cell that generates electric power using a reaction gas, a condenser that condenses moisture contained in a reaction gas supplied to the fuel cell or an off-gas of the reaction gas, and generates condensed water; And a reservoir for storing the condensed water accumulated in the condenser.
- a drain valve is provided for discharging the water accumulated in the condenser.
- the condensing unit condenses water contained in the reaction gas supplied to the fuel cell or the off gas of the reaction gas to generate condensed water, and the structure thereof is not particularly limited.
- the reaction gas that generates condensed water may be a fuel gas or an oxidant gas.
- the drain valve is provided between the condenser and the storage part. The drainage valve can be switched between a closed state in which communication between the condenser and the storage unit is blocked, and an open state in which the condenser and storage unit are connected to discharge water from the condenser to the storage unit.
- the control device performs internal pressure rise and wastewater treatment. That is, the control device increases the internal pressure of the condenser and then increases the internal pressure to switch the drain valve to the open state and performs drainage treatment. For this reason, when the drain valve is opened, the internal pressure of the condenser rises. This prevents the water in the reservoir from flowing back to the condenser. Even if the water in the reservoir may flow back into the condenser, the amount of water flowing back is reduced compared to when the internal pressure of the condenser is not increased.
- the control device is exemplified by a form in which the internal pressure rise / drainage treatment described above is performed at the start of the fuel cell system.
- the condenser Since the pipe connected to the condenser is cooled, the gas remaining in the condenser and the pipe extending to the condenser is cooled while containing water vapor. For this reason, water may condense and need to be drained. Condensed water collects in the condenser by gravity. Therefore, the drain valve is opened when the fuel cell system is started. In such a case, the internal pressure of the condenser is increased by the internal pressure increase / drainage treatment described above, so that the backflow from the reservoir to the condenser is prevented.
- on-off valves are provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of the condenser, respectively, and the inside of the condenser is sealed space by closing the on-off valve. Since the inside of the condenser is cooled while being a sealed space containing water vapor, the inside of the condenser tends to become negative pressure as it cools.
- the inside of the condenser is connected to the reformer, and the form in which the moisture contained in the fuel gas reformed by the reformer is condensed inside the condenser is exemplified.
- the reformer reforms the fuel gas (reforming raw material) before the reforming reaction by the reforming reaction to generate the fuel gas (reforming gas) for the fuel cell.
- the form which the storage part and the reformer are connected via the water supply channel is illustrated.
- the storage unit supplies the water stored in the storage unit as the raw material water for the reforming reaction in the reformer through the water supply channel.
- the control device performs the first operation for increasing the internal pressure of the condenser by increasing the internal pressure of the condenser by supplying gas to the condenser to increase the internal pressure.
- An example of executing the second operation to detect and the third operation to open the drain valve when the amount of increase in the internal pressure of the condenser is equal to or higher than the set pressure is exemplified.
- a first fluid conveyance source for example, a pump or the like
- a control device depending on the drive time of the first fluid conveyance source,?
- An example is provided in which means for determining whether or not the internal pressure of the condenser has risen above the set pressure is provided.
- a flow sensor is provided upstream of the condenser, and the control unit determines whether the internal pressure of the condenser has risen above the set pressure based on the input flow detected by the flow sensor. The form which has is illustrated.
- the internal pressure rise in the condenser and the piping connected to the condenser is used to reduce the internal pressure of the condenser that has risen, or the internal pressure
- a mode having means for determining the presence or absence of gas leakage in the condenser and the pipe connected to the condenser is exemplified. In this case, the presence or absence of gas leakage is detected each time the internal pressure rises / drainage is executed. For this reason, the reliability of the system can be further improved.
- the gas for increasing the internal pressure of the condenser may be a fuel gas before reforming (for example, natural gas or city gas), or a fuel gas after reforming, or An inert gas may be used.
- the inert gas include nitrogen gas and argon gas.
- the control device include a configuration in which an abnormality determination (for example, pipe leakage) is performed when the amount of decrease in the internal pressure of the condenser ( ⁇ ⁇ ) exceeds the second set pressure ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ).
- the control device when it is determined that the buttocks of the condenser are not under negative pressure, the control device is exemplified as a mode that does not perform internal pressure increase / drainage treatment.
- a mode in which the reformer burner is ignited without increasing the internal pressure or draining is exemplified.
- the startup time of this system can be shortened because internal pressure rise and wastewater treatment can be omitted.
- Whether or not the inside of the condenser is negative can be determined using a pressure sensor that detects the pressure in the space of the condenser or the space connected to the condenser.
- a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the space of the condenser or the space connected to the condenser. If the temperature of the space is equal to or higher than the specified temperature, no negative pressure has occurred with cooling, so internal pressure rise and wastewater treatment can be omitted, but if necessary, internal pressure rise and wastewater treatment can be performed. May be. Examples will be specifically described below.
- Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
- the piping is indicated by a solid line
- the signal line connected to the control device 40 is indicated by a broken line.
- the fuel supply passage 3 that connects the fuel gas supply source 1 to the fuel inlet 2 i of the stack 2 is provided.
- Stack 2 is formed by stacking fuel cell cells.
- the fuel supply passage 3 is provided with passages 3a and 3c. .
- a reformer 4 a first condenser 11 and a stack 2 are arranged in series in this order as main components in the fuel supply passage 3 from the upstream side.
- Stack 2 is a fuel cell (reactive gas) that functions as fuel and a fuel cell that generates electricity using oxidant gas (reactive gas).
- the stack 2 includes a fuel electrode to which fuel gas is supplied, an oxidant electrode to which an oxidant gas (generally air) is supplied, and an electrolyte membrane disposed between the fuel electrode and the oxidant electrode.
- the electrolyte membrane is formed of a solid polymer membrane (for example, fluorine-based or hydrocarbon-based).
- the oxidant gas is supplied to the oxidant electrode from the oxidant inlet 2X of the stack 2 via the oxidant gas passage 15 and the fourth pump PU 4, and passes through the stack 2 to be used for the power generation reaction. 2 oxidant outlet 2 y force is discharged.
- the first condenser 11 is configured to condense water contained in the fuel gas as the reaction gas supplied to the fuel inlet 2 i of the stack 2 to generate condensed water.
- the first condenser 11 has a cooling part through which a cooling liquid such as cooling water flows and has a structure in which moisture is condensed by the cooling part, but is not limited thereto.
- a first water level sensor 16 for detecting the amount of water accumulated in the first condenser 11 is attached to the first condenser 11.
- a reformer 4 is provided upstream of the inlet of the first condenser 11.
- the reformer 4 uses a fuel gas before reforming (for example, a raw material gas such as natural gas or city gas) supplied from the fuel gas supply source 1 to perform a hydrogen rich reaction by reforming reaction (reforming reaction using steam).
- the gas is reformed.
- the reformer 4 includes a reforming reaction section 5 that reforms fuel gas by a reforming reaction (reforming reaction using steam), and a burner 6 that heats the reforming reaction section 5. Therefore, in the reformer 4, when combustion occurs in the burner 6, the reforming reaction section 5 is heated to a high temperature. At this time, when the fuel gas and the raw water are supplied to the reforming reaction section 5, the fuel gas is reformed by the heat of the steam and the reforming reaction section 5 to become a hydrogen-containing gas.
- a fuel gas before reforming for example, a raw material gas such as natural gas or city gas supplied from the fuel gas supply source 1 to perform a hydrogen rich reaction by reforming reaction (reforming reaction using steam).
- the gas is reformed.
- the reformer 4 includes
- Such a reforming reaction is performed in the reforming reaction section 5. Therefore, the fuel gas (reaction gas) that has undergone the reforming reaction contains a large amount of water vapor.
- the fuel gas that has undergone the reforming reaction in the reforming reaction section 5 passes through the first condenser 11 and the sixth on-off valve SV 6, and passes through the fuel inlet 2 i of stack 2 to the fuel of stack 2 Supplied to the pole.
- the water vapor contained in the fuel gas after the reforming reaction is condensed by the first condenser 11 having a cooling function to become condensed water. Therefore, the humidity of the fuel gas supplied to the fuel electrode of stack 2 is optimized.
- the passage 3a connecting the upstream of the inlet of the reformer 4 and the fuel gas supply source 1 has a third on-off valve SV 3, a first pump PU 1, A desulfurizer 1 3 and a fourth on-off valve SV 4 are arranged in this order in series. Accordingly, the third on-off valve S V 3, the desulfurizer 13, and the fourth on-off valve S V 4 are provided upstream of the reforming reaction section 5 in the passage 3 a of the fuel supply passage 3.
- a branch passage 10 branched from the passage 3a of the fuel supply passage 3 is provided.
- the fuel gas supply source 1 is connected to the inlet 6 e of the burner 6 of the reformer 4 through the branch passage 10.
- a branch pump 10 is provided with a second pump P U 2.
- the fuel gas from the fuel gas supply source 1 is supplied from the inlet 6 e to the burner 6 and burned in the burner 6.
- the burner 6 takes in outside air for combustion by an air supply device (not shown).
- a first drainage passage 11 a that connects the bottom of the first condenser 11 and the storage unit 7 is provided.
- the first drain valve SVI that can be opened and closed is located in the first drain passage 1 1 a. Accordingly, the first drain valve SVI is provided between the drain hole 1 lc of the first condenser 11 and the first inlet 7 f of the reservoir 7.
- the first drain valve SVI is for discharging the water accumulated at the bottom of the first condenser 11.
- the drain valve 1 is arranged below the first condenser 11.
- the first drain valve SV 1 is a closed state that shuts off the communication between the drain 1 1 c of the first condenser 1 1 and the first inlet 7 f of the reservoir 7, and the drain 1 of the first condenser 1 1 1 c and the first inlet 7 f of the storage unit 7 are communicated with each other so that the water in the first condenser 11 1 can be switched to an open state in which the water is discharged to the first inlet 7 f of the storage unit 7. As shown in FIG. 1, the storage unit 7 stores the condensed water stored in the first condenser 11.
- the storage section 7 has a water storage section 70 having a storage chamber 70 a for storing water, and a water purification section 71 for purifying water stored in the water storage section 70. .
- the storage chamber 70a communicates with the atmosphere.
- the water storage unit 70 is disposed closer to the first condenser 11 than the water purification unit 71.
- the water purification unit 71 is disposed on the far side of the first condenser 11 than the water storage unit 70. Condensate accumulated at the bottom of the first condenser 1 1 1 1
- the drainage valve SVI When the drainage valve SVI is opened, it is supplied to the first inlet 7f of the reservoir 7 via the first drainage passage 1 1a and the first drainage valve SVI, and to the water purification unit 7 via the water reservoir 70.
- the water purification unit 71 has a purification element such as an ion exchange membrane for purifying water. Even when the purity of the water in the storage unit 7 is not sufficient, the water is purified by the water purification unit 71 to be purified. This is because water is reused in the reforming reaction in the reforming reaction section 5. '
- the outlet of the water purification unit 71 of the storage unit 7 and the inlet of the reformer 4 are connected via a water supply passage 75.
- the water supply passage 75 is provided with a third pump P U 3 and a fifth on-off valve S V 5. Accordingly, the water purified by the water purifying unit 71 is supplied as raw water to the reforming reaction unit 5 of the reformer 4 via the water supply passage 75 by the driving of the third pump PU 3, and the reforming reaction is performed. Used for.
- the fuel supply passage 3 is provided with a passage 3 c that connects the outlet of the first condenser 11 and the fuel inlet 2 i of the fuel cell stack 2.
- a pressure sensor 20 and a sixth on-off valve S V 6 are provided in series with this I.
- the pressure sensor 20 is located downstream of the first condenser 11.
- the fuel off-gas outlet 2 o of the stack 2 is connected to the burner 6 of the reformer 4 to the off-gas inlet 6 a of the burner 6 via the return path 23 to the burner 6 of the reformer 4.
- a seventh on-off valve S V 7 and a second condenser 12 are arranged in series in this order from the upstream side of the return passage 23.
- Fuel components may remain in the fuel off-gas discharged from the fuel off-gas outlet 2 o of the stack 2.
- the second condenser 12 removes moisture 'contained in the fuel off-gas discharged from the fuel off-gas outlet 2 o of the stack 2 by condensation.
- the fuel off-gas discharged from the fuel off-gas outlet 2 o of the stack 2 reaches the off-gas inlet 6 a of the burner ⁇ by opening the seventh on-off valve S V 7 and is burned by the burner 6.
- the fuel off-gas passes through the second condenser 12
- the moisture contained in the fuel off-gas is condensed and removed. For this reason, the fuel off-gas is burned well in the burner 6.
- the fuel off gas means the gas after the power generation reaction of the fuel gas.
- the second condenser 12 has a second water level sensor 14 that detects its water level.
- the second water level sensor 14 detects a predetermined amount of condensed water accumulated in the second condenser 12
- the second drain valve SV 2 opens. This accumulates in the second condenser 1 2
- the condensed water is supplied to the second inlet 7 s of the reservoir 7 via the second drainage passage 12 a.
- the second drain valve SV2 has a closed state that shuts off the communication between the drain port 1 2 c of the second condenser 12 and the second port 7 of the reservoir 7, and the drain port 12 c of the second condenser 12 And the second inlet 7 s of the storage section 7 are communicated with each other via the second drainage passage 12 a and can be switched to an open state in which the water in the second condenser 12 is discharged to the storage section 7.
- the second drainage passage 12 a is connected to the second inlet 7 s of the water reservoir 70 and the drain outlet 12 c of the second condenser 12.
- the reservoir 7 is disposed below the first condenser 11 and the second condenser 12 in the direction of gravity. In the direction of gravity, the first drain valve SV 1 and the second drain valve S V 2 are disposed below the first condenser 11 and the second condenser 12 and above the reservoir 7. This is because the reservoir 7 receives the water accumulated in the first condenser 1 1 and the second condenser 12 by gravity.
- a bypass passage 9 is provided in the fuel supply passage 3.
- the bypass passage 9 connects the fuel supply passage 3 and the return passage 23, and bypasses the stack 2 so that the reformed fuel gas is not supplied to the stack 2 at the initial startup of the system. It is.
- the bypass passage 9 is provided with an eighth on-off valve SV8 for opening and closing the bypass passage 9. At the beginning of reformer 4, the composition of the reformed fuel gas may not be sufficiently stable.
- the sixth open / close valve SV6 (provided upstream of the stack 2 in the fuel supply passage 3 and opens and closes the fuel inlet 2 i of the stack 2) and the seventh open / close valve SV7 (provided in the return passage 23)
- the 8th on-off valve SV of the bypass passage 9 is opened while the pulp that opens and closes the fuel off-gas outlet 2 o of the stack 2 is closed.
- the reformed fuel gas does not flow into the stack 2, but flows through the bypass passage 9, reaches the burner 6 via the bypass passage 9 and the second condenser 12 and burner 6 Is used to heat the reforming reaction section 5.
- a control device 40 for controlling the system includes a first drain valve SV1, a second drain valve SV2, a third on-off valve SV3, a fourth on-off valve SV4, a fifth on-off valve SV5, a sixth on-off valve SV6, a seventh on-off valve SV7, an eighth On-off valve SV8, 1st pump PU1, 2nd pump PU2, 3rd pump PU3, 4th Each of the pumps PU 4 is controlled.
- the signal from the pressure sensor 20 is input to the control device 40.
- the control device 40 opens the third on-off valve S V 3 and drives the second pump P U 2.
- the fuel gas is supplied to the burner 6, the burner 6 is ignited, and the reforming reaction section 5 is heated to a high temperature.
- the fuel gas is not supplied to the reforming reaction unit 5 because the fourth on-off valve SV4 is closed.
- the fifth on-off valve SV5, the sixth on-off valve SV6, the seventh on-off valve SV7, and the eighth on-off valve S V 8 are further closed.
- the first drain valve S VI and the second drain valve SV 2 are closed.
- the reforming reaction section 5 is heated and gradually becomes hot, and the reforming reaction is started.
- the first pump PU1 is driven with the third open / close valve SV3 and the fourth open / close valve SV4 open.
- the fuel gas (the raw material gas before reforming) from the fuel gas supply source 1 is supplied to the reforming reaction section 5 via the desulfurizer 13.
- the fifth on-off valve SV5 is opened and the third pump PU 3 is driven. Therefore, the water in the water purification unit 71 is supplied from the water supply passage 75 to the reforming reaction unit 5.
- the fuel gas is steam reformed in the reforming reaction section 5 to become a gas containing hydrogen as a main component.
- the reformed fuel gas (reformed fuel gas, that is, the reaction gas) reaches the second condenser 12 through the bypass passage 9 after the moisture is removed by the first condenser 11. After the water is removed by the second condenser 12, it is supplied to the burner 6 and burned by the burner 6. In this case, the sixth on-off valve SV6 on the inlet side of the stack 2 and the seventh on-off valve SV7 on the outlet side of the stack 2 are closed, and the fuel gas (reactive gas) is not supplied to the stack 2. This is because the stability of the fuel gas composition at the start-up is not always sufficient.
- the eighth on-off valve SV 8 When the composition of the fuel gas is stabilized, the eighth on-off valve SV 8 is closed and the bypass passage 9 is blocked. Furthermore, the sixth on-off valve SV6 and the seventh on-off valve SV7 are opened.
- the fuel gas that has been reformed in the reforming reaction section 5 becomes a reaction gas that can be reacted in the stack 2, passes through the first condenser 11 and the sixth on-off valve SV 6, and then enters the stack from the fuel inlet 2 i of the stack 2. Supplied to the fuel electrode of the rack 2 and used for power generation.
- the fuel off-gas after the power generation reaction discharged from Stack 2 passes through the 7th on-off valve SV7 and the return passage 23, and is condensed in the 2nd.
- the water is supplied to the vessel 12 and the water is removed by the second condenser 12, and then supplied to the burner 6 and burned.
- the third on-off valve SV3, the fourth on-off valve SV4, the fifth on-off valve SV5, the sixth on-off valve SV6, the seventh on-off valve SV7, and the eighth on-off valve SV8 are closed by the control device 40.
- the space of the reforming reaction section 5, the space of the first condenser 11 downstream of the reforming reaction section 5, and the space of the piping connected to them are sealed with the first condenser 11 as the center. A space is formed.
- a sealed space is formed in a state closed by the fourth on-off valve SV4, the fifth on-off valve SV5, the sixth on-off valve SV6, the eighth on-off valve S V 8, and the first drain valve S V 1. Since the reforming reaction section 5 is gradually cooled after the operation of the fuel cell system is stopped, this sealed space is gradually cooled. At this time, high-temperature fuel gas containing water vapor is sealed in the sealed space. Therefore, the high-temperature fuel gas containing water vapor is cooled while being sealed in the sealed space. With such cooling, the water vapor in the sealed space gradually condenses in the closed space, and condensed water is generated. The generated condensed water is collected at the bottom of the first condenser 11 by heavy force.
- the first condenser 11 is set.
- the sealed space inside the reforming reaction section 5 and the first condenser 11 ′, these The inside of the piping is negative pressure.
- the condensed water in the pipe is also collected in the second condenser 12 in the same way.
- the second condenser 12 communicates with the burner 6 that turns purple into the atmosphere. As a result, air communication is established and no negative pressure is generated.
- the water accumulated in the first condenser 11 and the second condenser 12 be sufficiently drained before the next start-up of the fuel cell system. Since the second condenser 12 does not become negative as described above, the second drain valve SV 2 can be used even when the system is stopped or immediately before the system is started. If the is opened, the water in the second condenser 1 2 can be drained.
- the reforming reaction section 5 and the first condenser 11 are maintained in a negative pressure state until the next start-up of the system because the sealed space is highly sealed as described above. For this reason, when the first drain valve SVI is opened to discharge the water accumulated in the first condenser 11 at the start-up of this system, the water accumulated in the storage section 7 becomes negative pressure in the sealed space. As a result of this, there is a risk of backflow into the first condenser 11 through the first drain valve SVI and the first drain passage 11a.
- the cross-sectional area of various pipes connected to the first condenser 11 1 is reduced, or the reformer connected to the first condenser 11
- the reforming performance of 4 may be reduced.
- the water in the water storage section 70 is before being purified by the water purification section 71, purification is not always sufficient. For this reason, the above-described backflow is not preferable.
- the controller 40 is first arranged upstream of both the reformer 4 and the first condenser 11 before starting the operation of the system.
- the control device 40 opens the on-off valve SV3 and the fourth on-off valve SV4.
- the first drain valve SV 1 is closed.
- the fifth on-off valve SV5, the sixth on-off valve SV6, the seventh on-off valve SV7, and the eighth on-off valve SV8 are also closed.
- the fuel gas (fuel gas before the reforming reaction) from the fuel gas supply source 1 is supplied to the space in the negative pressure state such as the reforming reaction section 5 and the first condenser 11.
- the first condenser 11 and the reformer 4 are pressurized to a pressure exceeding the atmospheric pressure (first operation). This is because the pressure of the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply source 1 (the raw material gas before the reforming reaction) exceeds the atmospheric pressure.
- the increased internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 11 is detected by the pressure sensor 20 (second operation).
- the first drain valve SV1 opens (third operation).
- the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply source 1 increases the internal pressure P1 of the first condenser 11 and the internal pressure P1 is equal to or higher than the set pressure PA.
- the first drain valve SVI is opened. This is the internal pressure.
- the condensed water (condensed water in the first condenser 1 1) accumulated in the first condenser 1 1 during the shutdown of the fuel cell system is transferred from the first condenser 1 1 to the first drainage passage 1 1.
- the set pressure PA can be set as appropriate according to the system.
- the drop in the water level of the first condenser 11 is detected by the first water level sensor 16. Then, the first drain valve S V I and the fourth on-off valve S V 4 are closed while the sixth on-off valve S V 6, the seventh on-off valve S V 7 and the eighth on-off valve S V 8 are closed. Further, the control device 40 stops the first pump P U 1 and stops the supply of fuel gas to the reformer 4 and the first condenser 11.
- the control device 40 is started to start the system. Ignite the burner 6. That is, in a state where the third on-off valve SV3 is open, the control device 40 drives the second pump PU2 to supply fuel gas to the burner 6 to ignite the burner 6 and modify it. Heat the quality reaction section 5 to a temperature range suitable for the reforming reaction. After the reforming reaction section 5 reaches the high temperature region, the combustion of the burner 6 is maintained, the fourth on-off valve SV 4 is opened and the first pump PU 1 is driven to drive the fuel gas to the reforming reaction section 5 The fuel gas is reformed to generate fuel gas. At this time, as described above, the third pump PU 3 is driven with the fifth on-off valve S V 5 opened, and the raw water is supplied to the reforming reaction unit 5 from the water purification unit 71 of the storage unit 7.
- the control device 40 opens the eighth on-off valve SV 8 with the sixth on-off valve SV 6 and the seventh on-off valve SV 7 closed, and the initial fuel gas at the start-up from the bypass passage 9 to the second Send to burner 6 via condenser 1 2.
- the control device 40 closes the sixth on-off valve SV 6 and the seventh on-off valve SV 7 with the eighth on-off valve SV 8 closed.
- the fuel gas is supplied to the fuel inlet 2 i of the stack 2.
- the power generation operation is performed in the stack 2 together with the oxidant gas supplied from the oxidant gas passage 15.
- the force provided with the first water level sensor 16 that detects the water level of the first condenser 1 1 If the duration of the first drain valve SV 1 is known, the first water level sensor 16 is abolished. May be.
- the opening time for opening the first drain valve SV1 is set in advance, and by opening the first drain valve SV1 for that time, the amount of drainage from the first drain valve SV 1 is estimated and the internal pressure rises. ⁇ Wastewater treatment may be performed.
- the first pump PU 1 to the fourth pump PU 4 only have to function as fluid conveyance sources, and may be fluid conveyance sources other than the pump.
- the first pump PU1 corresponds to the first fluid transport source
- the second pump PU 2 corresponds to the second fluid transport source
- the third pump PU 3 corresponds to the third fluid transport source
- the fourth pump PU 4 corresponds to the fourth fluid conveyance source.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a flow chart executed by the control device 40 for the internal pressure increase / drainage treatment executed before the burner 6 is ignited at the start of starting the fuel cell system.
- Y means YES.
- N means N ⁇ .
- the flowchart is not limited to this.
- the control device 40 opens the third on-off valve SV3 and the fourth on-off valve SV4 (step S2). Further, the control device 40 drives the first pump PU1 (step S4). At this time, the first drain valve SVI is closed.
- the fifth on-off valve SV5, the sixth on-off valve SV6, the seventh on-off valve SV7, and the eighth on-off valve SV8 are also closed.
- the fuel gas is supplied from the fuel gas supply source 1 through the reformer 4 to the first condenser 11. Therefore, the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 11 increases above the atmospheric pressure.
- the control device 40 determines whether the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 1 1 is equal to or higher than the set pressure PA (first set pressure).
- Step S6 If the internal pressure P1 is equal to or higher than the set pressure PA (YES in step S6), the control device 40 opens the first drain valve SVI because there is no possibility of backflow.
- Step S8 Opening the first drain valve SVI lowers the water level in the first condenser 11.
- the control device 40 determines whether or not the first water level sensor 16 has confirmed that the water level of the first condenser 11 has decreased by a predetermined amount or more (step S10).
- Step S 6 functions as a determination means for determining whether or not the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 11 is equal to or higher than the set pressure PA.
- Step S 10 functions as a determination unit that determines that the water level of the first condenser 11 has decreased by a predetermined amount.
- step S10 If the water level of the first condenser 1 1 has decreased by a predetermined amount (YES in step S10), the control device 40 closes the first drain valve SV1 and the fourth on-off valve SV4, and the first pump PU 1 Is stopped (step S12). Thereafter, the control device 40 proceeds to the fuel cell system start-up process (step S 14), and ignites the burner 6 of the reformer 4. Upon ignition, the control device 40 drives the second pump PU 2 while opening the third on-off valve SV 3 as described above.
- FIG. 3 shows another example of a flowchart executed by the control device 40 for the internal pressure increase / drainage treatment executed at the start of startup of the fuel cell system.
- the flow chart shown in Fig. 3 is basically similar to the flowchart shown in Fig. 2.
- the third on-off valve S V3 and the fourth on-off valve S V4 are opened (step SB 2).
- the first pump PU1 is driven (step SB4).
- fuel gas is supplied from the fuel gas supply source 1 to the first condenser 11 via the reformer 4, and the internal pressure P1 of the first condenser 11 is increased.
- the force control device 40 in which the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 11 is equal to or higher than the set pressure PA is determined (step SB 6).
- step SB 8 If the internal pressure P1 of the first condenser 1 1 is equal to or higher than the set pressure PA (YES in step SB 6), there is no possibility of backflow, so the control device 40 opens the first drain valve SV1 (step SB 8). .
- the water level in the first condenser 11 decreases due to the opening of the first drain valve SV1. Therefore, in order to determine whether or not the water level of the first condenser 11 has decreased by a predetermined amount or more, the control device 40 determines whether or not the opening time of the first drain valve SV 1 has continued for the set time TX (step SB Ten) .
- step SB 10 can function as a determination means for determining a drop in the water level that is greater than or equal to a predetermined amount in the first condenser 11.
- the control device 40 sends the fuel gas from the fuel gas supply source 1 (that is, the raw material gas before the reforming reaction supplied from the fuel gas supply source 1) through the reformer 4 to the first condenser 1 1 to increase the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 1 1, and to perform drainage treatment. Then, when the internal pressure P1 of the first condenser 11 increases and the possibility of backflow from the storage section 7 to the first condenser 11 disappears, the control device 40 opens the first drain valve SV1. The water accumulated in the first condenser 11 is transferred to the storage section 7 via the first drain valve SVI and the first drain passage 11a.
- the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 11 1 is increased before the first drain valve SVI is opened. There is no risk of backflow. For this reason, when the fuel cell system is started, it is possible to prevent the water accumulated in the reservoir 7 from flowing back to the first condenser 11.
- control device 40 when the fuel cell system is started, the control device 40 performs an internal pressure increase and drainage treatment prior to the ignition of the burner 6 of the reformer 4. For this reason, at the time of starting, it is avoided that the water accumulated in the reservoir 7 flows backward to the first condenser 11.
- the fuel gas from the fuel gas supply source 1 (that is, the raw material gas before the reforming reaction supplied from the fuel gas supply source 1) is supplied to the reformer 4.
- the soot pressure P 1 described above is increased by supplying the first condenser 11 through the above. For this reason, compared with the case where the internal pressure P 1 is increased by supplying air to the first condenser 11, the deterioration of the catalyst or the like carried on the reforming reaction section 5 is suppressed.
- Embodiment 2 of the present invention basically has the same configuration and operational effects as the first embodiment.
- the following description will focus on the differences from the first embodiment. Since FIG. 4 has basically the same configuration as FIG. 1, its description is omitted.
- a sealed space is formed in a state closed by the fourth on-off valve SV4, the fifth on-off valve SV5, the sixth on-off valve SV6, the eighth on-off valve SV8, and the first drain valve SV1. Since the reforming reaction part 5 is gradually cooled after the operation of the fuel cell system is stopped, this sealed space is gradually cooled. At this time, a high-temperature fuel gas containing water vapor is sealed in the sealed space. Therefore, the high-temperature fuel gas containing water vapor is cooled while being sealed. With such cooling, water vapor in the sealed space gradually condenses in the sealed space to generate condensed water. The generated condensed water is collected at the bottom of the first condenser 11 by gravity.
- the first condenser 11 is set.
- the sealed space due to the decrease in the temperature of the sealed space and the decrease in the gas volume when the water vapor in the sealed space condenses, the sealed space (the reforming reaction section 5, the inside of the first condenser 11, these pipes)
- the inside of is negative pressure.
- the pressure sensor 20 for detecting the pressure in the enclosed space is not mounted. That is, in the first embodiment described above, the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 11 is detected by the pressure sensor 20.
- the control device 40 opens the first drain valve SV1 to allow the condensed water in the first condenser 11 to pass through the first drain passage 11a and It will be supplied to the reservoir 7 via the first drain valve SV1.
- the volume of the above-described sealed space is known. It is already known how much flow of fuel gas should be sent to the reforming reaction section 5 and the first condenser 11 so that the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 1 i reaches the set pressure PA.
- Fig. 5 shows an example of a flow chart of internal pressure rise and wastewater treatment that is executed at the start of startup of the fuel cell system.
- the flowchart shown in Fig. 5 is basically similar to the flowchart shown in Fig. 2. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the control device 40 opens the third on-off valve SV3 and the fourth on-off valve SV4 (step SC2). Further, the control device 40 drives the first pump PU1 (step SC4). As a result, the fuel gas is supplied from the fuel gas supply source 1 to the first condenser 11 through the reformer 4, and the internal pressure P1 of the first condenser 11 is increased.
- the control device 40 determines whether or not (step SC6).
- the transfer flow rate per unit time of the first pump PU1 is known.
- the volume of the enclosed space to be evacuated is known.
- the input flow rate Q of the fuel gas sent to the sealed space is basically determined based on the transport flow rate per unit time of the first pump PU 1 and the drive time of the first pump PU 1. . Therefore, the control device 40 can cause the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 11 to reach the set pressure PA by driving the first pump PU 1 for the set time ty.
- step SC6 functions as means for determining whether or not the internal pressure P1 of the first condenser 11 is equal to or higher than the set pressure PA, depending on the driving time of the first pump PU1. Therefore, if the drive time of the first pump PU 1 has exceeded the set time ty (YES in step SC 6), the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 11 is estimated to be higher than the set pressure PA, and there is a risk of backflow. There is no. Therefore, the first drain valve SV 1 is opened (step SC8). Opening the first drain valve SV1 lowers the water level in the first condenser 11.
- the control device 40 determines whether or not the first water level sensor 16 has confirmed that the water level of the first condenser 11 has decreased (step SC10). If the water level in the first condenser 1 1 has decreased by a predetermined amount (YES in step SC 10), the control device 40 closes the first drain valve S VI and the fourth on-off valve SV 4 and also closes the first pump PU. Stop 1 (Step SC 12). Thereafter, the control device 40 proceeds to the start-up process of the fuel cell system (step SC 14), and the burner 6 of the reformer 4 is ignited.
- FIG. 6 shows another example of a flowchart executed by the control device 40 for the internal pressure increase / drainage treatment executed at the start of startup of the fuel cell system.
- the flow chart shown in Fig. 6 is basically similar to the flowcharts shown in Figs. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the control device 40 opens the third on-off valve SV3 and the fourth on-off valve SV4 (step SD2). Further, the control device 40 drives the first pump PU1 (step SD4). As a result, the fuel gas is supplied from the fuel gas supply source 1 to the first condenser 11 via the reformer 4, and the internal pressure P1 of the first condenser 11 is increased.
- the control device 40 determines whether or not the drive time of the first pump PU1 has passed the set time ty (step SD6). If the driving time the set time t y lapse of the first pump PU1 (YES in Sutetsu flop SD6), the internal pressure P 1 in the first condenser 11 is estimated to more than the set pressure PA The In this case, the first drain valve SVI is opened because there is no risk of backflow (step SD8). Opening the first drain valve SV1 lowers the water level in the first condenser 11. Therefore, it is to be confirmed that the water level of the first condenser 11 has decreased by a predetermined amount, and the control device 40 determines whether or not the first drain valve SVI has been opened for the set time Tm (step SD10).
- Step SD10 functions as a determination means for determining that the water level of the first condenser 11 has decreased by a predetermined amount.
- FIG. 7 is basically the same configuration as Figure 1. However, as shown in FIG. 7, the pressure sensor 20 is abolished, and the flow sensor 30 is provided.
- the flow sensor 30 is provided in the fuel supply passage 3 upstream of the first condenser 11, that is, between the first pump PU 1 and the poor reaction unit 5.
- the flow sensor 30 can detect the input flow rate of the fuel gas sent to the reforming reaction unit 5. Accordingly, the flow rate Q of the fuel gas sent to the sealed space can be detected by the flow sensor 30.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of a flowchart executed by the control device 40 for the internal pressure increase / drainage treatment executed at the start of startup of the fuel cell system.
- the flowchart shown in Fig. 8 is basically similar to the flowcharts shown in Figs. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the control device 40 opens the third on-off valve SV 3 and the fourth on-off valve SV 4 (step SE 2). Furthermore, the control device 40 drives the first pump PU 1 (step SE4). As a result, the fuel gas is supplied from the fuel gas supply source 1 to the first condenser 11 via the reformer 4, and the internal pressure P1 of the first condenser 11 is increased.
- Step SE6 the controller 40 determines whether or not the fuel gas input amount Q detected by the flow sensor 30 is equal to or higher than the set amount Qm. If the fuel gas input amount Q is greater than the set amount Qm (YES in step SE6), the internal pressure P1 of the first condenser 11 is estimated to be greater than the set pressure PA, so there is no risk of backflow. For this reason, the control device 40 opens the first drain valve SV 1 (step SE8). Therefore, step SE 6 functions as a means for determining whether the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 11 1. is equal to or higher than the set pressure PA, based on the fuel gas input amount Q, without using the pressure sensor 20. To do.
- step SE10 determines whether or not the first water level sensor 16 has confirmed that the water level of the first condenser 11 has decreased by a predetermined amount (step SE10). If it is determined that the water level in the first condenser 11 has been reduced to a certain level (YES in step SE 10), the control device 40 closes the first drain valve SVI and the fourth on-off valve SV 4 and 1 Stop pump P U1 (step SE 12). Thereafter, the control device 40 shifts to the start-up process of the fuel cell system (step SE 14), and the burner 6 of the reformer 4 is ignited.
- Figure 9 shows another example of the internal pressure rise / drainage flow chart that is executed at the start of startup of the fuel cell system.
- the flowchart shown in Fig. 9 is basically similar to the flowchart shown in Fig. 8. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, the control device 40 opens the third open / close valve SV3 and the fourth open / close valve SV4 (step SF2). Further, the control device 40 drives the first pump PU1 (step SF4). At this time, the first drain valve SVI is closed. The fifth open / close valve SV5, the sixth open / close valve SV6, the seventh open / close valve SV7, and the eighth open / close valve SV8 are also closed.
- the control device 40 determines whether the fuel gas input amount Q detected by the flow sensor 30 is equal to or higher than the set amount Qm. Is determined (step SF 6). If the fuel gas input Q is greater than the set value Qm (YES in step SF6), the first condenser 1 1 The internal pressure P1 is estimated to be higher than the set pressure PA.
- the control device 40 opens the first drain valve SVI (step SF8).
- the water level in the first condenser 11 is lowered by opening the first drain valve SVI. Therefore, it is confirmed that the water level of the first condenser 11 has decreased by a predetermined amount. Therefore, it is determined whether or not the first drain valve SV1 has been opened for the set time Tm (step SF10). If the first drain valve SV1 is open for the set time Tm (YFS in step SF10), it is estimated that the water level of the first condenser 11 has decreased by a predetermined amount.
- control device 40 closes the first drain valve SV1 and the fourth on-off valve SV4 and stops the first pump PU1 (step SF12). Thereafter, the control device 40 proceeds to the start-up process of the fuel cell system (step SF 14), and the burner 6 of the reformer 4 is ignited.
- Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.
- the present embodiment basically has the same configuration and operational effects as the first embodiment. Therefore, Figure 1 shall apply mutatis mutandis.
- the description will focus on the differences from Example 1.
- a function is added to check if there is a gas leak in the enclosed space (reformation reaction unit 5, first condenser 11, and piping connected to this) when starting up the operation of this system. .
- the reforming reaction zone 5 and its surroundings are repeatedly stressed with changes in temperature because the system is repeatedly started and stopped.
- the system may be used under unforeseen severe conditions. Therefore, it is preferable to take measures against the possibility of mechanical damage such as a welded part and leakage from the seal part in order to improve reliability.
- the control device 40 prior to starting up the system, that is, prior to igniting the partner 6, whether the internal pressure P1 of the sealed space is raised in advance, is there any gas leakage in the sealed space?
- the control device 40 checks whether there is any. For this reason, the controller 40 sends the fuel gas to the reforming reaction section 5 and the first condenser 11 before igniting the burner 6 to increase the internal pressure P 1 of the sealed space. Then, the control device 40 uses the pressure sensor 20 to check whether or not the internal pressure P 1 in the sealed space has decreased, until the first drain valve SV1 is opened and the water in the first condenser 11 is discharged.
- the control device 40 opens the third on-off valve SV3 and the fourth on-off valve SV4 upstream of the first condenser 11, and the first pump PU Drive 1 At this time, the first drain valve SVI is closed.
- the fifth on-off valve SV5, the sixth on-off valve SV6, the seventh on-off valve SV7, and the eighth on-off valve SV8 are also closed.
- the control device 40 stops the first pump PU1 in that state. Keep set time Tw.
- the control device 40 After holding the set time Tw, the pressure value of the pressure sensor 20 is read again, and the difference ⁇ P between the previous pressure value and the current pressure value is calculated. If the difference ⁇ is equal to or less than the set pressure value APF, the control device 40 determines that there is no gas leakage in the piping. Since there is no gas leakage in the piping, etc., fuel gas may be supplied. Therefore, the control device 40 opens the first drain valve SVI. Subsequent operations are performed in the same manner as in Example 1. If the changed difference ⁇ exceeds the set pressure APF, the pressure drop is large and there is a risk of gas leakage in the sealed space. Therefore, the control device 40 determines that there is an abnormality and outputs an alarm signal to the alarm element. Further, when boosting the sealed space by driving the first pump PU1, if the boosting time is longer than the set time, the control device 40 determines an abnormality.
- Fig. 10 shows an example of a flow chart of internal pressure rise and wastewater treatment that is executed at the start of startup of the fuel cell system.
- the first drain valve SVI is closed.
- the fifth on-off valve SV5, the sixth on-off valve SV6, the seventh on-off valve SV7, and the eighth on-off valve SV8 are also closed.
- the third on-off valve SV3 and the fourth on-off valve SV4 are opened (step SG2).
- the first pump PU1 is driven (Step SG4).
- the fuel gas is supplied from the fuel gas supply source 1 to the first condenser 11 via the reformer 4, and the internal pressure P1 of the first condenser 11 is increased.
- the controller 40 determines the force at which the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 11 is equal to or higher than the set pressure PE (step S G6). If the internal pressure P1 is equal to or higher than the set pressure PE (YES in step SG6), the control device 40 stops the first pump PU1 and closes the third on-off valve SV3 and the fourth on-off valve SV4. Furthermore, the pressure sensor 20 at that time is detecting Record the pressure value of internal pressure P 1 (step SG8).
- the control device 40 is kept in a sealed state for the set time Tw (step SG10). Then, the control device 40 records the pressure value of the pressure sensor 20 after the set time Tw has elapsed (step SG12). The control device 40 obtains a difference ⁇ between the pressure values of the pressure sensor 20 before and after the set time T w has elapsed (step SG14). The control device 40 determines whether or not the difference ⁇ is equal to or lower than the set pressure APF (step SG16).
- step SG18 If the difference ⁇ is less than the set pressure APF, it is estimated that there is no gas leakage in the enclosed space. For this reason, the first drain valve SV1 is opened (step SG18). The water level in the first condenser 11 is lowered by opening the first drain valve SVI. Therefore, the controller 40 determines by the first water level sensor 16 that the water level of the first condenser 11 has decreased by a predetermined amount (step SG20). If the water level in first condenser 1 ⁇ has decreased by a predetermined amount (YES in step SG20), control device 40 closes first drain valve SV1 and fourth on-off valve SV4 (step SG22). Thereafter, the control device 40 shifts to the starting process of the fuel cell system (step SG24), and the burner 6 of the sampler 4 is ignited.
- step SG6 If it is determined in step SG6 that the internal pressure P1 of the first condenser 11 is not higher than the set pressure PE (NO in step SG6), the pressure increase rate of the internal pressure PI is slow. Therefore, the control device 40 determines whether or not the driving time of the first amplifier PU 1 has exceeded the set time tu (step SG26). If the drive time of the first pump PU1 has not passed the set time tu (NO in step SG26), the control device 40 returns to step S4. If the drive time of the first pump PU 1 has exceeded the set time tu (YES in step SG26), it takes too much time to boost the first condenser 11.
- step SG 28 determines that an abnormality has occurred. Further, the control device 40 outputs a signal indicating that the system cannot be started (step SG30).
- step SG 26 functions as a determination means for determining whether or not there is a gas leak in the sealed space when the system is started based on the pressure increase time for the sealed space. In this way, every time the system is started, Since gas leak detection is performed for the quality reaction unit 5 and the first condenser 11, reliability can be improved.
- FIG. 11 shows another example of an internal pressure rise / drainage flow chart that is executed at the start of fuel cell system startup.
- the control device 40 opens the third on-off valve SV3 and the fourth on-off valve SV4 (step SH2). Further, the control device 40 drives the first pump PU 1 (step SH4). As a result, the fuel gas is supplied from the fuel gas supply source 1 to the first condenser 11 via the reformer 4, and the internal pressure P1 of the first condenser 11 is increased.
- the controller 40 in which the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 11 is equal to or higher than the set pressure PE is determined (step SH6).
- control device 40 stops the first pump PU1, and closes the third on-off valve SV3 and the fourth on-off valve SV4 to Record the pressure value of pressure sensor 20 at (Step SH8).
- the controller 40 holds the set time Tw in that state (step SH10), and records the pressure value of the pressure sensor 20 after the set time Tw has elapsed (step SH12).
- the control device 40 obtains the difference ⁇ P between the pressure values of the pressure sensor 20 before and after the set time Tw has elapsed (step SH14).
- the control device 40 determines whether or not the difference ⁇ is equal to or less than the set pressure APF (step SH 16). If the difference ⁇ is less than or equal to the set pressure APF, it can be estimated that there is virtually no or little pressure drop in the enclosed space and there is no gas leakage in the enclosed space (YES in step SH16).
- the control device 40 opens the first drain valve S V 1 and introduces the fuel gas into the reforming reaction section 5 and the first condenser 11 (step SH18). As the opening time of the first drain valve SVI elapses, the water level in the first condenser 11 decreases. Therefore, it is determined whether or not the first drain valve SV1 has been opened for the set time Tm (step SH20). If the first drain valve SV1 is open at the time of setting (YES in step SH20), the first drain valve S V 1 and the fourth on-off valve SV4 are closed (step SH22). Thereafter, the control device 40 shifts to the start-up process of the fuel cell system (step SH24) and ignites the burner 1 of the reformer 4.
- step SH 6 If it is determined in step SH 6 that the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 11 is not equal to or higher than the set pressure PE (NO in step SH 6), the internal pressure PI will be increased. It takes too long. Therefore, the controller 40 determines the force that the driving time of the first pump PU1 has passed for the set time tu or more (step SH 26). If the driving time of the first pump PU 1 has not exceeded the set time tu (NO in step SH26), the process returns to step S4. If the drive time of the first pump PU 1 has exceeded the set time tu (YES in step SH26), it takes too much time to increase the internal pressure P1, and the controller 40 has an abnormality. (Step SH28) and a signal that disables system startup is output (step SH30).
- Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13.
- the present embodiment basically has the same configuration and operational effects as the first embodiment.
- Figure 12 is basically similar to Figure 1.
- the flowchart in Fig. 13 basically approximates the flowchart in Fig. 2.
- the storage unit 7 has a water storage unit 70 having a storage chamber 70a for storing water, and a water purification unit 71 for purifying the water stored in the water storage unit 70.
- the water purification unit 71 is disposed closer to the first condenser 11 than the water storage unit 70, and is connected to the first through the first drainage passage 11a and the first drainage valve SVI.
- the water storage unit 70 is arranged farther from the first condenser 11 1 than the water purification unit 71. In the storage unit 7, the water purified and purified by the water purification unit 71 is stored in the water storage unit 70.
- Step S 1 functions as a negative pressure determination means in the sealed space.
- P10 threshold value for determining negative pressure
- the first drain valve SV1 is opened. Increase the internal pressure to switch to the state ⁇ Perform wastewater treatment. In this case, as described above, even if the space is under negative pressure, the water in the reservoir 7 is prevented from flowing back to the first condenser 11.
- step S1 when the pressure value of the pressure sensor 20 is higher than the predetermined value P 1 1 when the system is started, it is estimated that the sealed space is cooled, but the cooling is not sufficient and the sealed space has not reached negative pressure. (NO in step S1). For this reason, when the pressure value of the pressure sensor 20 is higher than the predetermined value P 11, the control device 40 proceeds from step S 1 to step S 14 and increases the internal pressure without performing the drainage treatment described above.
- the control device 40 opens the third on-off valve SV 3 and drives the second pump PU 2 while the fourth on-off valve SV 4 is closed.
- the heater 6 is ignited and the reforming reaction section 5 is heated. Since internal pressure rise and drainage treatment are omitted, it is advantageous to shorten the time required for startup.
- the temperature sensor 8 0 for detecting the temperature of the sealed space to be sealed is provided.
- the control device 40 performs the internal pressure increasing / draining process for switching the first drain valve S V 1 to the open state after increasing the internal pressure P 1 of the first condenser 11. In this case, as described above, the water in the reservoir 7 is prevented from flowing back into the first condenser 11 due to the negative pressure.
- the control device 40 shifts from Step S 1 to Step S 14, and the internal pressure rises.
- the reformer 5 is heated by igniting the non-energized 6 that activates the system. Shorten the time required to start up this system because the internal pressure rise and drainage treatment are omitted. Can shrink.
- the negative pressure in the sealed space is detected by the pressure signal from the pressure sensor 20 and the temperature signal from the Z or temperature sensor 80.
- the water purified and purified by the water purification unit 71 is stored in the water storage unit 70. Even if the water in the water purification section 71 may flow back to the first condenser 11 due to unexpected circumstances, the water in the water purification section 71 is purified, so piping, etc. Contamination is prevented.
- the above internal pressure rise 'drainage treatment may be performed before the burner 6 of the reformer 4 is ignited (that is, before the reformer 4 is started).
- the internal pressure may be increased and wastewater treatment may be performed. In this case, for example, it can be performed as follows.
- Ignite burner 6 and feed raw water to the evaporator.
- the fuel gas (reforming raw material gas) is sent to the reforming reaction section 5.
- the wastewater treatment operation can be performed by either of the following (depending on the pressure at that time).
- the storage unit 7 includes a water storage unit 70 and a water purification unit 71, but the water purification unit 71 may be separated from the storage unit 7.
- the present invention is applied to the condenser provided in the passage through which the fuel gas flows, but may be applied to the condenser provided in the passage through which the oxidant gas flows.
- the present invention can be used for, for example, a fuel cell system for vehicles, stationary, electrical equipment, electrical equipment, and portable.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007800069912A CN101390241B (zh) | 2006-02-27 | 2007-02-26 | 燃料电池系统 |
| DE112007000448T DE112007000448T5 (de) | 2006-02-27 | 2007-02-26 | Brennstoffzellensystem |
| US12/223,648 US8187760B2 (en) | 2006-02-27 | 2007-02-26 | Fuel cell system for repressing reservoir water backflow |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006050832A JP4991165B2 (ja) | 2006-02-27 | 2006-02-27 | 燃料電池システム |
| JP2006-050832 | 2006-02-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007102445A1 true WO2007102445A1 (ja) | 2007-09-13 |
Family
ID=38474876
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2007/054119 Ceased WO2007102445A1 (ja) | 2006-02-27 | 2007-02-26 | 燃料電池システム |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8187760B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4991165B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101390241B (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112007000448T5 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2007102445A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009034449A3 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-07-23 | Nissan Motor | Fuel cell system with reformed fuel moisture quantity adjustment |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010027236A (ja) * | 2008-07-15 | 2010-02-04 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
| WO2010079561A1 (ja) * | 2009-01-08 | 2010-07-15 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
| US20120040260A1 (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2012-02-16 | Panasonic Corporation | Fuel cell system and water draining method for fuel cell system |
| US9054354B2 (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2015-06-09 | The Raymond Corporation | Fuel cell water disposal |
| WO2012120835A1 (ja) * | 2011-03-08 | 2012-09-13 | パナソニック株式会社 | エネルギーシステム |
| EP2769958B1 (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2018-12-19 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Method for operating a hydrogen generation apparatus |
| US8440358B2 (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-05-14 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Method of operating a fuel cell system on low quality by-product gases |
| WO2014019621A1 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-06 | Carrier Corporation | Refrigerated sales cabinet |
| AT520553B1 (de) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-05-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Abgasnachbehandlungssystem, Reaktorsystem und Verfahren zur Abgasnachbehandlung für ein Brennstoffzellensystem |
| CN116525882B (zh) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-09-15 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 燃料电池及其水管理系统的控制方法、装置和存储介质 |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03219565A (ja) * | 1990-01-23 | 1991-09-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 燃料電池発電システム |
| JP2002134145A (ja) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-10 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 燃料電池発電ユニット |
| JP2002298896A (ja) * | 2001-04-02 | 2002-10-11 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | 燃料電池システム |
| JP2003223921A (ja) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-08-08 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 燃料電池装置 |
| JP2003338304A (ja) * | 2002-03-11 | 2003-11-28 | Ebara Ballard Corp | 燃料電池発電システム |
| JP2004182531A (ja) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-07-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料改質装置及び燃料電池自動車 |
| JP2005276523A (ja) * | 2004-03-23 | 2005-10-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電システム、および燃料電池評価装置 |
| JP2007026892A (ja) * | 2005-07-15 | 2007-02-01 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0959512A4 (en) * | 1996-07-02 | 2002-08-07 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEM USING FUEL CELLS |
| US6620537B2 (en) * | 2001-02-15 | 2003-09-16 | Ralph C. Struthers | Hydrocarbon fueled hydrogen fuel generator system and apparatus in combination with hydrogen fuel cells |
| JP2002260699A (ja) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-13 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電装置の起動方法 |
| JP4264875B2 (ja) | 2003-01-14 | 2009-05-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 凝縮水排水システム及び燃料電池システム |
| JP2007184136A (ja) * | 2006-01-05 | 2007-07-19 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
-
2006
- 2006-02-27 JP JP2006050832A patent/JP4991165B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-02-26 CN CN2007800069912A patent/CN101390241B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-26 US US12/223,648 patent/US8187760B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-26 WO PCT/JP2007/054119 patent/WO2007102445A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2007-02-26 DE DE112007000448T patent/DE112007000448T5/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03219565A (ja) * | 1990-01-23 | 1991-09-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 燃料電池発電システム |
| JP2002134145A (ja) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-10 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 燃料電池発電ユニット |
| JP2002298896A (ja) * | 2001-04-02 | 2002-10-11 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | 燃料電池システム |
| JP2003223921A (ja) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-08-08 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 燃料電池装置 |
| JP2003338304A (ja) * | 2002-03-11 | 2003-11-28 | Ebara Ballard Corp | 燃料電池発電システム |
| JP2004182531A (ja) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-07-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料改質装置及び燃料電池自動車 |
| JP2005276523A (ja) * | 2004-03-23 | 2005-10-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電システム、および燃料電池評価装置 |
| JP2007026892A (ja) * | 2005-07-15 | 2007-02-01 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009034449A3 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-07-23 | Nissan Motor | Fuel cell system with reformed fuel moisture quantity adjustment |
| US8497042B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2013-07-30 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US8187760B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 |
| JP4991165B2 (ja) | 2012-08-01 |
| CN101390241A (zh) | 2009-03-18 |
| CN101390241B (zh) | 2011-05-11 |
| DE112007000448T5 (de) | 2009-01-02 |
| JP2007234238A (ja) | 2007-09-13 |
| US20090011299A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
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