WO2007096235A1 - Additive baustoffmischungen mit sprühgetrockneten mikropartikeln - Google Patents
Additive baustoffmischungen mit sprühgetrockneten mikropartikeln Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007096235A1 WO2007096235A1 PCT/EP2007/050907 EP2007050907W WO2007096235A1 WO 2007096235 A1 WO2007096235 A1 WO 2007096235A1 EP 2007050907 W EP2007050907 W EP 2007050907W WO 2007096235 A1 WO2007096235 A1 WO 2007096235A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- microparticles
- polymeric
- voided
- concrete
- building material
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004400 (C1-C12) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 28
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101710095439 Erlin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,4-trifluorobutan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(F)(F)F BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N Abietic acid Natural products CC(C)C1=CC2=CC[C@]3(C)[C@](C)(CCC[C@@]3(C)C(=O)O)[C@H]2CC1 BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000000188 Vaccinium ovalifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 etc. Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009746 freeze damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2641—Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B16/08—Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads or microballoons
- C04B16/085—Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads or microballoons expanded in situ, i.e. during or after mixing the mortar, concrete or artificial stone ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2664—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid polymers, e.g. maleic anhydride copolymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0049—Water-swellable polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0057—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics added as redispersable powders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0058—Core-shell polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249967—Inorganic matrix in void-containing component
- Y10T428/249968—Of hydraulic-setting material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/254—Polymeric or resinous material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
- Y10T428/2991—Coated
- Y10T428/2998—Coated including synthetic resin or polymer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of polymeric microparticles in hydraulically setting building material mixtures to improve their Frostg. Freeze-thaw resistance.
- the concrete has two time-dependent properties. First, it experiences a decrease in volume due to dehydration, which is called shrinkage. However, most of the water is bound as water of crystallization. Concrete does not dry, it binds, that is, the initially low-viscosity cement paste (cement and water) stiffens, solidifies and finally solidifies, depending on the timing and sequence of the chemical-mineralogical reaction of the cement with the water, the hydration. Due to the water-binding capacity of the cement, the concrete, in contrast to calcined lime, can also harden under water and remain firm. Secondly, concrete deforms under load, the so-called creep.
- the frost-thaw cycle refers to the climatic change of temperatures around the freezing point of water.
- the frost-thaw cycle is a damaging mechanism. These materials have a porous, capillary structure and are not waterproof. If such, water-soaked structure exposed to temperatures below 0 0 C, the water freezes in the Pores. Due to the density anomaly of the water, the ice now expands. This leads to damage to the building material. In the very fine pores due to surface effects, the freezing point is lowered. In micro pores, water only freezes below -M 0 C. Since the material itself also expands and contracts due to freeze-thaw cycles, there is an additional capillary pumping effect that further increases water absorption and thus indirectly the damage. The number of freeze-thaw cycles is therefore decisive for the damage.
- the structure of a cement-bound concrete is traversed by capillary pores (radius: 2 ⁇ m - 2 mm) or gel pores (radius: 2 - 50 nm). Pore water contained therein differs in its state form depending on the pore diameter.
- a prerequisite for an improved resistance of the concrete during frost and thaw changes is that the distance of each point in the cement stone from the next artificial air pore does not exceed a certain value. This distance is also referred to as the "distance factor” or “powers spacing factor” [TCPowers, The air requirement of frost-resistant concrete, "Proceedings of the Highway Research Board” 29 (1949) 184-202]. Laboratory tests have shown that exceeding the critical "Power spacing factor" of 500 ⁇ m leads to damage to the concrete during frost and thaw cycles. In order to achieve this with a restricted air-pore content, the diameter of the artificially introduced air pores must therefore be less than 200-300 ⁇ m [K.Snyder, K. Natesaiyer & K.Hover, The stereological and Statistical properties of entrained air voids in concrete: A mathematical basis for air void system characterization) "Materials Science of Concrete” VI (2001) 129-214].
- an artificial air pore system depends largely on the composition and grain size of the aggregates, the type and amount of cement, the concrete consistency, the mixer used, the mixing time, the temperature, but also on the type and amount of the air entraining agent. Under consideration of the appropriate manufacturing rules, their effects can indeed be mastered, however, there may be a large number of undesired impairments, which ultimately leads to the desired air content in the concrete can be exceeded or fallen below and thus adversely affected the strength or frost resistance of the concrete ,
- Such artificial air pores can not be metered directly, but by the addition of so-called air-entraining agents, the air introduced by mixing is stabilized [L. Du & K.J. Folliard, Mechanism of air entrainment in concrete "Cement & Concrete Research” 35 (2005) 1463-71].
- Conventional air entraining agents are mostly of a surfactant-like structure and break the air introduced by the mixing into small air bubbles with a diameter as small as possible of 300 ⁇ m and stabilize them in the moist concrete structure. One distinguishes between two types.
- These hydrophobic salts reduce the surface tension of the water and accumulate at the interface between cement grain, air and water. They stabilize the microbubbles and are therefore found in the hardening concrete on the surfaces of these air pores again.
- the other type e.g. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SDS) or Natriumdodecylphenylsulfonat - on the other hand forms with calcium hydroxide soluble calcium salts, but show an abnormal solution behavior. Below a certain critical temperature these surfactants show a very low solubility, above this temperature they are very soluble. By preferentially accumulating at the air-water interface, they also reduce the surface tension, thus stabilizing the microbubbles, and are preferably found on the surfaces of these air voids in the hardened concrete.
- SDS Sodium lauryl sulfate
- Natriumdodecylphenylsulfonat forms with calcium hydroxide soluble calcium salts, but show an abnormal solution behavior. Below a certain critical temperature these surfactants show a very low solubility, above this temperature they are very soluble.
- microparticles described therein have diameters of at least 10 microns (usually much larger) and have air or gas-filled cavities. This also includes porous Particles, which can be greater than 100 microns and can have a variety of smaller cavities and / or pores.
- the object was achieved by the use of polymeric microparticles having a cavity in hydraulically setting building material mixtures, characterized in that gas-filled microparticles are used. As gas-filled microparticles become spray-dried core. Shell polymers used. The gas-filled microparticles are already effective when mixed into the building material mixture, since no water must diffuse out of the particle interior. This ensures a good frost or freeze-thaw resistance virtually immediately after hardening of the building material mixtures.
- the notation (meth) acrylate as used herein means both methacrylate, e.g. Methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, etc., as well as acrylate, e.g. Methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, etc., as well as mixtures of both.
- microparticles according to the invention can preferably be prepared by emulsion polymerization and preferably have an average particle size of 100 to 5000 nm; particularly preferred is an average particle size of 200 to 2000 nm. Most preferred are average particle sizes of 250 to 1000 nm.
- the mean particle size is determined, for example, by counting a statistically significant amount of particles on the basis of transmission electron micrographs.
- the microparticles When prepared by emulsion polymerization, the microparticles are obtained in the form of an aqueous dispersion.
- microparticles are already known according to the prior art and are described in the publications EP 22 633 B1, EP 73 529 B1 and EP 188 325 B1.
- these microparticles are commercially sold under the brand name ROPAQUE® by Rohm & Haas. These products have heretofore been mainly used in inks and inks to improve the opacity and opacity of paints or prints on paper, board and other materials.
- the cavities of the microparticles are water-filled.
- the dispersion is spray-dried. Spray drying removes the liquid from the core-shell polymer particles. There are obtained gas-filled hollow microspheres, which are very stable.
- the microparticles used consist of polymer particles which have a core (A) and at least one shell (B), the core / shell polymer particles having been swollen with the aid of a base.
- the core (A) of the particle contains one or more ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (derivative) monomers which allow swelling of the core; these monomers are preferably selected from the group of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, itaconic acid and crotonic acid and mixtures thereof. Acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are particularly preferred.
- the shell (B) predominantly of nonionic, ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
- Preferred such monomers are styrene, butadiene, vinyltoluene, ethylene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile, acrylamide, methacrylamide, C1-C12-alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid or mixtures thereof.
- the gas-filled microparticles are added to the building material mixture in a preferred amount of from 0.01 to 5% by volume, in particular from 0.1 to 0.5% by volume.
- the building material mixture - for example in the form of concrete or mortar - can here the usual hydraulically setting binder such.
- cement lime, gypsum or anhydrite.
- the advantage according to the invention is manifested above all in the weathering factor, which represents a qualitative assessment of the optically visible frost damage on the surface of a sample.
- the uncontrolled introduction of air into the building material mixture can be kept extremely low.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA 2643456 CA2643456A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2007-01-30 | Additive building material mixtures comprising spray-dried microparticles |
EP07712133A EP1986976A1 (de) | 2006-02-23 | 2007-01-30 | Additive baustoffmischungen mit sprühgetrockneten mikropartikeln |
JP2008555733A JP5065302B2 (ja) | 2006-02-23 | 2007-01-30 | 噴霧乾燥されたマイクロ粒子を有する建材用添加剤混合物 |
BRPI0708118-9A BRPI0708118A2 (pt) | 2006-02-23 | 2007-01-30 | misturas de material de construção aditivo contendo micropartìculas secas por pulverização |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006008966.9 | 2006-02-23 | ||
DE200610008966 DE102006008966A1 (de) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | Additive Baustoffmischungen mit sprühgetrockneten Mikropartikeln |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007096235A1 true WO2007096235A1 (de) | 2007-08-30 |
Family
ID=38066511
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/050907 WO2007096235A1 (de) | 2006-02-23 | 2007-01-30 | Additive baustoffmischungen mit sprühgetrockneten mikropartikeln |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070193156A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1986976A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5065302B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20080112206A (de) |
CN (1) | CN101024557B (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0708118A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2643456A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102006008966A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2008137544A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007096235A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2437045C (en) * | 2001-02-07 | 2010-09-14 | Guenter Schmitt | Hot sealing compound for aluminum foils applied to polypropylene and polystyrene |
DE10350786A1 (de) * | 2003-10-29 | 2005-06-02 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Mischungen zur Herstellung von Reaktivschmelzklebstoffen sowie daraus erhältliche Reaktivschmelzklebstoffe |
DE102004035937A1 (de) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-02-16 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Plastisole mit verringerter Wasseraufnahme |
DE102005042389A1 (de) | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-28 | Röhm Gmbh | Heißversiegelungsmasse für Aluminium- und Polyethylenterephthalatfolien gegen Polypropylen-Polyvinylchlorid- und Polystyrolbehälter |
DE102005045458A1 (de) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-03-29 | Röhm Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von ABA-Triblockcopolymeren auf (Meth)acrylatbasis |
DE102005052130A1 (de) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-03 | Röhm Gmbh | Spritzbare Akustikmassen |
DE102006007563A1 (de) * | 2006-02-16 | 2007-08-30 | Röhm Gmbh | Verfahren zum Verkleben von Werkstoffen mit nanoskaligen superparamagnetischen Poly(meth)acrylatpolymeren |
DE102006009586A1 (de) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-09-06 | Röhm Gmbh | Heißversiegelungsmasse für Aluminium- und Polyethylenterephthalatfolien gegen Polypropylen-Polyvinylchlorid- und Polystyrolbehälter |
DE102006009511A1 (de) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-08-30 | Röhm Gmbh | Synthese von Polyester-pfropf-Poly(meth)acrylat |
DE102006015846A1 (de) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-04 | Röhm Gmbh | Kupferentfernung aus ATRP-Produkten mittels Zugabe von Schwefelverbindungen |
DE102006035726A1 (de) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-01-31 | Evonik Röhm Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von ABA-Triblockcopolymeren auf (Meth)acrylatbasis |
DE102006037350A1 (de) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-02-14 | Evonik Röhm Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von halogenfreien ATRP-Produkten |
DE102006037351A1 (de) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-02-14 | Evonik Röhm Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von hydroxytelecheler ATRP-Produkten |
DE102006037352A1 (de) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-02-14 | Evonik Röhm Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von säureterminierten ATRP-Produkten |
DE102006048154A1 (de) * | 2006-10-10 | 2008-04-17 | Evonik Röhm Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von silyltelechelen Polymeren |
DE102006057145A1 (de) * | 2006-11-22 | 2008-05-29 | Evonik Röhm Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung verbesserter Bindemittel für Plastisole |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2229094A1 (de) * | 1971-06-15 | 1973-01-18 | Semperit Gmbh | Frostbestaendiger beton, sowie verfahren zur herstellung desselben |
US4057526A (en) * | 1975-05-12 | 1977-11-08 | Akzo N.V. | Process for preparing frost resistant concrete |
DE3026719A1 (de) * | 1979-07-17 | 1981-05-21 | Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Dr.techn. Wien Schwarz | Hydraulisches bindemittel sowie verfahren zur herstellung von hohlteilchen fuer dieses bindemittel |
EP0654454A1 (de) * | 1993-11-22 | 1995-05-24 | Rohm And Haas Company | Kern/Schale Polymerisat-Pulver |
EP0725092A2 (de) * | 1995-02-06 | 1996-08-07 | DSM Chemie Linz GmbH | Redispergierbare, pulverförmige Kern-Mantel-Polymere, deren Herstellung und Verwendung |
DE19833062A1 (de) * | 1998-07-22 | 2000-02-03 | Elotex Ag Sempach Station | Redispergierbares Pulver und dessen wäßrige Dispersion, Verfahren zur Herstellung sowie Verwendung |
JP2000178055A (ja) * | 1998-12-17 | 2000-06-27 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | セメント混和剤およびその製造方法 |
WO2007036365A1 (de) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-05 | Construction Research & Technology Gmbh | Verwendung von polymeren mikropartikeln in baustoffmischungen |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3611583A (en) * | 1970-05-28 | 1971-10-12 | Dow Chemical Co | Method for expanding and drying expandable microspheres |
US6288174B1 (en) * | 1995-07-07 | 2001-09-11 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Powdery material and modifier for cementitious material |
DE19539214A1 (de) * | 1995-10-21 | 1997-04-24 | Degussa | Brandsicheres, transparentes Scheibenelement und dessen Verwendung |
US6498209B1 (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 2002-12-24 | Roehm Gmbh & Co. Kg | Poly(meth)acrylate plastisols |
DE19826412C2 (de) * | 1998-06-16 | 2002-10-10 | Roehm Gmbh | Geruchsvermindertes, kalthärtendes (Meth)acrylat-Reaktionsharz für Bodenbeschichtungen, dieses Reaktionsharz aufweisende Bodenbeschichtungen sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung solcher Bodenbeschichtungen |
DE19928352A1 (de) * | 1999-06-21 | 2000-12-28 | Roehm Gmbh | Verbesserte Poly(meth)acrylatptastisole und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
US6620487B1 (en) * | 2000-11-21 | 2003-09-16 | United States Gypsum Company | Structural sheathing panels |
DE10065501A1 (de) * | 2000-12-28 | 2002-07-04 | Roehm Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Perlpolymerisaten mit einer mittleren Teilchengröße im Bereich von 1 bis 40 mum sowie Perlpolymerisat aufweisende Formmassen, Formkörper und PAMA-Plastisole |
CA2437045C (en) * | 2001-02-07 | 2010-09-14 | Guenter Schmitt | Hot sealing compound for aluminum foils applied to polypropylene and polystyrene |
DE10227898A1 (de) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-15 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zur Herstellung sprühgetrockneter Poly(meth)acrylatpolymere, ihre Verwendung als Polymerkomponente für Plastisole und damit hergestellte Plastisole |
US20040034147A1 (en) * | 2002-08-13 | 2004-02-19 | Jsr Corporation | Hollow polymer particle, process for producing the same, paper coating composition using the same, coated paper and process for producing the same |
DE10350786A1 (de) * | 2003-10-29 | 2005-06-02 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Mischungen zur Herstellung von Reaktivschmelzklebstoffen sowie daraus erhältliche Reaktivschmelzklebstoffe |
MXPA06014843A (es) * | 2004-06-15 | 2007-03-26 | Constr Res & Tech Gmbh | Mejora de la durabilidad de congelacion-deshielo de mezclas cementosas de colada en seco. |
DE102004035937A1 (de) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-02-16 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Plastisole mit verringerter Wasseraufnahme |
DE102005042389A1 (de) * | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-28 | Röhm Gmbh | Heißversiegelungsmasse für Aluminium- und Polyethylenterephthalatfolien gegen Polypropylen-Polyvinylchlorid- und Polystyrolbehälter |
DE102006009511A1 (de) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-08-30 | Röhm Gmbh | Synthese von Polyester-pfropf-Poly(meth)acrylat |
DE102006009586A1 (de) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-09-06 | Röhm Gmbh | Heißversiegelungsmasse für Aluminium- und Polyethylenterephthalatfolien gegen Polypropylen-Polyvinylchlorid- und Polystyrolbehälter |
DE102006015846A1 (de) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-04 | Röhm Gmbh | Kupferentfernung aus ATRP-Produkten mittels Zugabe von Schwefelverbindungen |
-
2006
- 2006-02-23 DE DE200610008966 patent/DE102006008966A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-24 US US11/388,048 patent/US20070193156A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-05-10 CN CN2006100817060A patent/CN101024557B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-01-30 CA CA 2643456 patent/CA2643456A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-01-30 WO PCT/EP2007/050907 patent/WO2007096235A1/de active Application Filing
- 2007-01-30 EP EP07712133A patent/EP1986976A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-01-30 JP JP2008555733A patent/JP5065302B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-30 RU RU2008137544/03A patent/RU2008137544A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-01-30 BR BRPI0708118-9A patent/BRPI0708118A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-01-30 KR KR1020087020709A patent/KR20080112206A/ko not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2229094A1 (de) * | 1971-06-15 | 1973-01-18 | Semperit Gmbh | Frostbestaendiger beton, sowie verfahren zur herstellung desselben |
US4057526A (en) * | 1975-05-12 | 1977-11-08 | Akzo N.V. | Process for preparing frost resistant concrete |
DE3026719A1 (de) * | 1979-07-17 | 1981-05-21 | Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Dr.techn. Wien Schwarz | Hydraulisches bindemittel sowie verfahren zur herstellung von hohlteilchen fuer dieses bindemittel |
EP0654454A1 (de) * | 1993-11-22 | 1995-05-24 | Rohm And Haas Company | Kern/Schale Polymerisat-Pulver |
EP0725092A2 (de) * | 1995-02-06 | 1996-08-07 | DSM Chemie Linz GmbH | Redispergierbare, pulverförmige Kern-Mantel-Polymere, deren Herstellung und Verwendung |
DE19833062A1 (de) * | 1998-07-22 | 2000-02-03 | Elotex Ag Sempach Station | Redispergierbares Pulver und dessen wäßrige Dispersion, Verfahren zur Herstellung sowie Verwendung |
JP2000178055A (ja) * | 1998-12-17 | 2000-06-27 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | セメント混和剤およびその製造方法 |
WO2007036365A1 (de) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-05 | Construction Research & Technology Gmbh | Verwendung von polymeren mikropartikeln in baustoffmischungen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5065302B2 (ja) | 2012-10-31 |
BRPI0708118A2 (pt) | 2011-05-17 |
CA2643456A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
JP2009527448A (ja) | 2009-07-30 |
RU2008137544A (ru) | 2010-03-27 |
DE102006008966A1 (de) | 2007-08-30 |
CN101024557A (zh) | 2007-08-29 |
KR20080112206A (ko) | 2008-12-24 |
EP1986976A1 (de) | 2008-11-05 |
US20070193156A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
CN101024557B (zh) | 2012-12-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2007096235A1 (de) | Additive baustoffmischungen mit sprühgetrockneten mikropartikeln | |
EP1986973A2 (de) | Additive baustoffmischungen mit mikropartikeln verschiedener grösse | |
EP1986974A1 (de) | Additive baustoffmischungen mit mikropartikeln, deren schalen porös und/oder hydrophil sind | |
WO2007099005A1 (de) | Additive baustoffmischungen mit mikropartikeln die in der baustoffmischung gequollen werden | |
WO2007036365A1 (de) | Verwendung von polymeren mikropartikeln in baustoffmischungen | |
EP2021299A2 (de) | Additive baustoffmischungen mit mikropartikeln mit sehr dünnen schalen | |
EP1986975A2 (de) | Additive baustoffmischungen mit nichtionischen emulgatoren | |
EP1986972A2 (de) | Additive baustoffmischungen mit mikropartikeln mit unpolaren schalen | |
EP1986977A2 (de) | Additive baustoffmischungen mit sterisch oder elektrostatisch abstossenden monomeren in der schale der mikropartikel | |
WO2007099004A1 (de) | Additive baustoffmischungen mit ionisch gequollenen mikropartikeln | |
WO2007096232A2 (de) | Additive baustoffmischungen mit ionischen emulgatoren |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007712133 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: MX/a/2008/009249 Country of ref document: MX |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2643456 Country of ref document: CA Ref document number: 1020087020709 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2008555733 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2008137544 Country of ref document: RU Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: PI0708118 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20080820 |