WO2007087585A1 - Piperazinyl derivatives as modulators of chemokine receptor activity - Google Patents

Piperazinyl derivatives as modulators of chemokine receptor activity Download PDF

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WO2007087585A1
WO2007087585A1 PCT/US2007/061014 US2007061014W WO2007087585A1 WO 2007087585 A1 WO2007087585 A1 WO 2007087585A1 US 2007061014 W US2007061014 W US 2007061014W WO 2007087585 A1 WO2007087585 A1 WO 2007087585A1
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nri
alkyl
heterocyclyl
aryl
arylalkyl
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French (fr)
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Percy H. Carter
Cullen L. Cavallaro
George V. De Lucca
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Bristol Myers Squibb Co
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Bristol Myers Squibb Co
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Priority to EP07710312.5A priority Critical patent/EP1973880B1/en
Priority to AU2007208031A priority patent/AU2007208031A1/en
Priority to JP2008552564A priority patent/JP2009524691A/ja
Publication of WO2007087585A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007087585A1/en
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Priority to NO20083358A priority patent/NO20083358L/no
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    • C07D295/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms
    • C07D295/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms by radicals derived from carboxylic acids, or sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to modulators of chemokine receptor activity, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of using the same as agents for treatment and prevention of inflammatory diseases, allergic and autoimmune diseases, and in particular, rheumatoid arthritis and transplant rejection.
  • Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines, of molecular weight 6-15 kDa, that are released by a wide variety of cells to attract and activate, among other cell types, macrophages, T and B lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils and neutrophils (reviewed in: Luster, New Eng. J. Med. 1998, 338, 436-445 and Rollins, Blood 1997, 90, 909-928).
  • CXC chemotactic cytokines
  • CC chemotactic cytokines
  • the CXC chemokines such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), neutrophil-activating protein-2 (NAP-2) and melanoma growth stimulatory activity protein (MGSA) are chemotactic primarily for neutrophils and T lymphocytes, whereas the CC chemokines, such as RANTES, MIP- l ⁇ , MIP- l ⁇ , the monocyte chemotactic proteins (MCP-I, MCP-2, MCP-3, MCP-4, and MCP-5) and the eotaxins (-1 and -T) are chemotactic for, among other cell types, macrophages, T lymphocytes, eosinophils, dendritic cells, and basophils.
  • IL-8 interleukin-8
  • NAP-2 neutrophil-activating protein-2
  • MGSA melanoma growth stimulatory activity protein
  • chemokines lymphotactin-1, lymphotactin-2 (both C chemokines), and fractalkine (a CX 3 C chemokine) that do not fall into either of the major chemokine subfamilies.
  • the chemokines bind to specific cell-surface receptors belonging to the family of G-protein-coupled seven-transmembrane-domain proteins (reviewed in: Horuk, Trends Pharm.
  • chemokine receptors On binding their cognate ligands, chemokine receptors transduce an intracellular signal though the associated trimeric G proteins, resulting in, among other responses, a rapid increase in intracellular calcium concentration, changes in cell shape, increased expression of cellular adhesion molecules, degranulation, and promotion of cell migration.
  • CCR-I CCR-I (or "CKR- 1" or "CC-CKR-I") [MIP-Ia, MCP-3, MCP-4, RANTES] (Ben-Barruch, et al., Cell 1993, 72, 415-425, and Luster, New Eng. J. Med.
  • CCR-2A and CCR-2B (or "CKR-2A'7"CKR-2B” or “CC-CKR-2A”/"CC-CKR-2B") [MCP-I, MCP-2, MCP-3, MCP-4, MCP-5] (Charo, et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. ScL USA 1994, 91, 2752-2756, and Luster, New Eng. J. Med. 1998, 338, 436-445); CCR-3 (or "CKR-3” or "CC-CKR-3”) [eotaxin-1, eotaxin-2, RANTES, MCP-3, MCP-4] (Combadiere, et al., J. Biol. Chem.
  • CCR-5 or "CKR-5" OR “CC-CKR-5" [MTP-I ⁇ , RANTES, MP-I ⁇ ] (Sanson, et al., Biochemistry 1996, 35, 3362-3367); CCR-6 (or “CKR-6” or “CC-CKR-6") [LARC] (Baba, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272, 14893-14898); CCR-7 (or “CKR-7” or "CC-CKR-7”) [ELC] (Yoshie et al., J. Leukoc. Biol.
  • CCR-8 or “CKR-8” or “CC-CKR-8" [1-309] (Napolitano et al., J. Immunol, 1996, 157, 2759-2763); CCR-10 (or “CKR-10” or “CC-CKR-10") [MCP-I, MCP-3] (Bonini, et al., DNA and Cell Biol. 1997, 16, 1249-1256); and CCR-11 [MCP-I, MCP-2, and MCP-4] (Schweickert, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 2000, 275, 90550).
  • mammalian chemokine receptors In addition to the mammalian chemokine receptors, mammalian cytomegaloviruses, herpesviruses and poxviruses have been shown to express, in infected cells, proteins with the binding properties of chemokine receptors (reviewed in: Wells and Schwartz, Curr. Opin. Biotech. 1997, 8, 741-748).
  • Human CC chemokines such as RANTES and MCP-3, can cause rapid mobilization of calcium via these virally encoded receptors. Receptor expression may be permissive for infection by allowing for the subversion of normal immune system surveillance and response to infection.
  • human chemokine receptors such as CXCR4, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5 and CCR8, can act as co-receptors for the infection of mammalian cells by microbes as with, for example, the human immunodeficiency viruses (HTV).
  • HTV human immunodeficiency viruses
  • the chemokines and their cognate receptors have been implicated as being important mediators of inflammatory, infectious, and immunoregulatory disorders and diseases, including asthma and allergic diseases, as well as autoimmune pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis (reviewed in: P. H. Carter, Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 2002, 6, 510; Trivedi, et al, Ann. Reports Med. Chem.
  • chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1 MIP-Ia
  • CCR- 1 Chemokine Receptor 1
  • MIP- 1 ⁇ demonstrate the chemotactic properties of MIP- 1 ⁇ in humans.
  • Human subjects when injected intradermally with MIP- l ⁇ , experienced a rapid and significant influx of leukocytes to the site of injection (Brummet, M. E. J. Immun. 2000, 164, 3392-3401).
  • Demonstration of the importance of the MIP- 1 ⁇ /CCR- 1 interaction has been provided by experiments with genetically modified mice.
  • MIP- l ⁇ -/- mice had normal numbers of leukocytes, but were unable to recruit monocytes into sites of viral inflammation after immune challenge (Cook, D., et al., Science. 1995, 269, 1583- 1585).
  • MIP-Ia -/- mice were shown to be resistant to collagen antibody induced arthritis (Chintalacharuvu, S. R. Immun. Lett. 2005, 202-204). Likewise, CCR-I -/- mice were unable to recruit neutrophils when challenged with MP-l ⁇ in vivo; moreover, the peripheral blood neutrophils of CCR-I null mice did not migrate in response to MIP-Ia (Gao, B. et al. J. Exp. Med. 1997, 185, 1959-1968), thereby demonstrating the specificity of the MIP-I ⁇ /CCR- 1 interaction.
  • MIP- l ⁇ is elevated in the synovial fluid and blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (Alisa Koch, et al., J. Clin. Invest. 1994, 93, 921— 928). Moreover, several studies have demonstrated the potential therapeutic value of antagonism of the MIP-l ⁇ /CCRl interaction in treating rheumatoid arthritis (Pease, J. E. & Horuk, R. Expert Opin. Invest. Drugs 2005, 14, 785-796). [0009] An antibody to MIP- l ⁇ was shown to ameliorate experimental autoimmune encepahlomytis (EAE), a model of multiple sclerosis, in mice (Karpus, W.
  • EAE experimental autoimmune encepahlomytis
  • CCR-I is also the receptor for the chemokines RANTES, MCP-3, HCC-I, Lkn-l/HCC-2, HCC-4, and MPIF-I (Carter, P. H. Curr. Opin Chem. Bio. 2002, 6, 510-525).
  • a RANTES antibody has demonstrated the ability to ameliorate the symptoms of disease in the rat Adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA) model (Barnes, D. A. et al. J. Clin Invest. 1998, 101, 2910-2919). Similar results were obtained when using a peptide derived antagonist of the RANTES/CCR-1 interaction in both the rat AIA (Shahrara, S. ct al. Arthritis & Rheum. 2005, 52, 1907-1919) and the mouse CIA (Plater-Zyberk, C. et al. Imm. Lett. 1997, 57, 117-120) disease models of joint inflammation. [0012] Recently, a number of groups have described the development of small molecule antagonists of MIP-I ⁇ (reviewed in: Carson, K. G., et A, Ann. Reports Med. Chem. 2004, 39, 149-158).
  • the present invention provides novel antagonists or partial agonists/antagonists of MIP-I ⁇ or CCR-I receptor activity, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof.
  • the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a therapeutically effective amount of at least one of the compounds of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug form thereof.
  • the present invention provides a method for treating rheumatoid arthritis and transplant rejection, comprising administering to a host in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of at least one of the compounds of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug form thereof.
  • the present invention provides a method for treating inflammatory diseases, comprising administering to a host in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of at least one of the compounds of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug form thereof.
  • the present invention provides novel cyclic derivatives for use in therapy. [0018] The present invention provides the use of novel cyclic derivatives for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. [0019]
  • the present invention provides novel compounds of formula (I):
  • T is absent, — c— a — C-O- ⁇ — c-N ; or — s — ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 33 CHR 3 I,- or cycloalkyl
  • R 1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri a ;
  • R 3a and R 3t> are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkylalkyl, or arylalkyl, wherein the alkyl may be substituted with OH;
  • R 4 at each occurrence, is F, -OH or alkyl; or any two alkyl R 4 5 S attached to the same carbon atom may form a 3- to 6-membered ring, which optionally may contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, halo, -CN or Oalkyl;
  • R 5a is hydrogen, halo, -CN or Oalkyl;
  • Rsb is hydrogen, halo, -CN or Oalkyl; provided that R Sj R 5a and Rs b are not all hydrogen;
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 9a at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH
  • R 1O is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 R 1 Oa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; m is 0-2; and r is 0-5.
  • compounds of Formula (I) are those compounds having the formula (Ia) or (Ib):
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which: O O O O O
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl
  • R 4 at each occurrence, is -OH or alkyl; or any two alkyl R 4 5 S attached to the same carbon atom may form a 3- to 6-membered ring, which optionally may contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl;
  • R.5a is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl;
  • R 5b is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl; provided that R 5, R 5a and R 5b are not all hydrogen;
  • Rg at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R9 a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rg 3 is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r R 14 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri 4 , -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 Rs) 1 R 14 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 14 Ri 4 , -NR I4 R I4 , -S(O) 2 NRi 4 R 14 , -NRi 4 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Rioa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio a is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 RU)-R -4 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 R 14 , -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 Rs) 1 R 14 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 Ri 4 , -S(O) 2 NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 ,
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; m is 0-2; and r is 0-4.
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which:
  • T is — c— , —c-o- or —c-N ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3 aCHR 3b - or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R la ;
  • R 4 at each occurrence, is -OH or alkyl; or any two alkyl R 4 5 S attached to the same carbon atom may form a 3- to 6-membered ring, which optionally may contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S; R5 is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl;
  • R 5a is halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • Rsb is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • Re at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 10 is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Rioa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; m is 0-2; and r is 0-3.
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which:
  • Il Il Il T is — c— , — c-o- or — C ⁇ N ;
  • W is -CHR 3a -,-CHR 3a CHR 3 b- or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri 3 ;
  • Ri a is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 Rg) 1 Ri 0 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) r Rio, -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 R 8 XR 10 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 R 9 , -S(O) 2 NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -C(C(O)NR 9
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or arylalkyl, wherein the alkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 fluorine atoms per carbon atom;
  • R 4 at each occurrence, is alkyl; or any two alkyl R 4 5 S attached to the same carbon atom may form a 3- to 6-membered ring, which optionally may contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S; Rs is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl;
  • R Sa is halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • Rs b is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Ri oa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Ri O a is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r Ri 4 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -O(CR 8 Rs) r Ri 4 , -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 R 8 XRi 4 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 Ri 4 , -S(O) 2 NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r
  • R 14 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; m is 0-2; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which:
  • Il Il H T is — c— , —c-o- or — C-N ;
  • R 8 W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3 b- or cycloalkyl
  • R 1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R la ;
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl
  • R 4 at each occurrence, is alkyl;
  • R5 is hydrogen or halo;
  • R 5 b is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl;
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • Rs> at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R.9a, and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 10 is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 R 1 Oa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 1Oa at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 R 8 XRi 4 , -0(CF 2 XCF 3 ,
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which: o o
  • Il Il T is — c— or — c-0- ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 33 CHR 31 ,- or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri a ;
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl
  • R 4 at each occurrence, is alkyl;
  • R. 5 is hydrogen or halo;
  • R 5a is halo or -CN
  • R.5b is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl
  • Re at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R9 a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Rio a , and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rioa at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 R 8 XRi 4 , -0(CF 2 XCF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri 4 , -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 R 8 XRi 4 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NRi 4 R 14 , -NRi 4 Ri 4 , -S(O) 2 NR 14 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 S(O) 2 (CF 2 XCF 3 ,
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; m is 0-2; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which: o o
  • T is — c — or — C-O- ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3 b- or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri 3 ;
  • R 3a and R 3 t > are independently hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl
  • R 4 at each occurrence, is alkyl
  • R5 is hydrogen or halo
  • Rsb is hydrogen or halo;
  • Re at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Ri 03 , and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 14 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; m is 0-2; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which: o Il T iS — C— ;
  • W is -CHR 3a - or-CHR 3a CHR 3b -;
  • Ri is alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl
  • R 4 at each occurrence, is alkyl;
  • R5 is hydrogen or halo;
  • R5 a is halo or -CN
  • R 5 b is hydrogen or halo
  • Rg at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Rioa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; m 0-2; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of the formula (I) are in which: o I l
  • T is — C— ;
  • W is -CHR 3a - or-CHR 3a CHR 3b -;
  • Ri is alkyl or aryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri a ;
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 4 at each occurrence, is alkyl
  • R5 is hydrogen or halo
  • Rsb is hydrogen or halo
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Rioa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; m is 0-2; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of the formula (I) are in which R 4 , at each occurrence is alkyl; or any 2 alkyl R 4 5 S attached to the same carbon atom may form a 3-6 membered ring, which optionally may contain 0-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S; and m is 1 or 2.
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which: O O O O O
  • T is — c— , —c-0- t —c-N t or — s— ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R ia ; Ria, at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 RfOrRiO, -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 RiO, -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri 0 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 R
  • Re at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R.9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Rp 3 , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 R 1 Oa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-4.
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which:
  • T is — c— , —c-o- or —c-N ;
  • W is -CHRsa-, -CHR 33 CHR 3 I,- or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri a ;
  • R.5 is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • R 53 is halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • R 5 b is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • R 5 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • Rg at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • Rp at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Rioa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rioa at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r Ri 4 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 RsO r Ri 4 , -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 Rs) 1 R 14 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NR 14 Ri 4 , -S(O) 2 NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NR 14 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-3.
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which: o Il o Il p U
  • T is — c— , —c-o- or —c-N ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri 3 ;
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or arylalkyl, wherein the alkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 fluorine atoms per carbon atom;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl;
  • R 5a is halo, -CN or -Oalkyl;
  • Rs b is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl
  • R ⁇ at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 9a at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which:
  • T is — c— , —c-o- or —c-N •
  • R 8 W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl
  • R 1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R la ;
  • Ria is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(0)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r Rio, -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CRsRs)rRio, -OH, -SH, -S(CRsRs) r Rio, -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 R 9 , -S(O) 2 NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -C(O)NR 9
  • R 3a and R 3 b are independently hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl; R5 is hydrogen or halo;
  • Rsb is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Rioa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • RiO a is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri 45 -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri 4 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 Ri 4 , -S(O) 2 NRi 4 R 14 , -NRi 4 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -C(O)NRi 4 S(O) 2 R 6 , -
  • R 14 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which:
  • T is — c— or —c-o- ;
  • W is -CHR 3a -, -CHRsaCHRj b - or cycloalkyl;
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri a ;
  • Ri b is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(0)0(CR s Rs) ⁇ Rio, -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 R 1 O, -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 Rs) 1 R 10 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 R 9 , -S(O) 2 NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 S(O) 2 (CF 2 )TCF 3 , -C(O)NR 9 S
  • R 3a and R 3 b are independently hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl
  • R 5 is hydrogen or halo;
  • R 53 is halo or -CN;
  • R5b is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 93 , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 9a at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Ri oa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 14 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which:
  • T is — c— or — c-o- ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl;
  • R 1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri 3 ;
  • Ri b is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r Ri 0 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 R 8 XRi 0 , -OH, -SH, -S(CRsR 8 )rRio, -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 ,
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl
  • R 5 is hydrogen or halo
  • R 53 is halo or -CN;
  • R 5 b is hydrogen or halo;
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R.9a, and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 9a is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri 4 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 RiO r R 14 , -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ru, -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NR 14 Ri 4 , -S(O) 2 NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -C(C(O)NRi
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Ri O 3 , and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rioa at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 RsXRu 5 -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri 4 , -OH, -SH, -S(CRsRs) r Ri 4 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 Ri 4 , -S(O) 2 NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NR M S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -C(O)
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which: O
  • W is -CHR 3a - or-CHR 3a CHR 3 b-;
  • R 1 is alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 13 ;
  • R 5 is hydrogen or halo
  • R 53 is halo or -CN
  • R 5 b is hydrogen or halo;
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • Rs at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • R 9 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Rg 3 , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Rioa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Ri O a is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 )rRi4, -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -O(CRsRs) r Ri 4 , -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 R 8 ) r Ri 4 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 Ri 4 , -S(O) 2 NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of the present invention are those in which: o Il T is — c— ;
  • W is -CHR 33 - or-CHRsaCHRsbS
  • R 1 is alkyl or aryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R la ;
  • R 33 and R 3b are independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • R 5 is hydrogen or halo;
  • R 5a is halo or -CN;
  • R 5 b is hydrogen or halo;
  • Rs, at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R9 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R9a, and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Rio a , and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 14 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of Formula (I) are those compounds having the formula (Ic):
  • compounds of Formula (Ic) are those compounds in which:
  • T is — c— , —c-o- t —c-N f or — s— ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl
  • R 1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R la ;
  • Ria is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 Rs) 1 R 10 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 RiO 3 -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 Rs) 1 R 10 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 R 9 , -S(O) 2 NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -C(O)NR 9 S
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, or arylalkyl, wherein the alkyl may be substituted with -OH;
  • R5 is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl;
  • R5 a is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • R 5 b is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl; provided that Rs 1 Rs a and Rs b are not all hydrogen;
  • Re at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 9a is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(K))OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r Ri 4 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -O(CR 8 Rs) r Ri 4 , -OH, -SH, -S(CRsRs) 1 Ri 4 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(K))NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 Ri 4 , -S(O) 2 NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r
  • compounds of Formula (Ic) are those compounds in which:
  • T is — c— , —c-o- or —c-N ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri 3 ;
  • Ria at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(0)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r Rio, -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 RiO, -OH, -SH, -S(CR s R s ) r R 10 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 9 R 9 , -NR
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Ri 03 , and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • compounds of Formula (Ic) are those compounds in which:
  • T is — c— , —c-o- or —c-N ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl
  • R 3a and R 3 b are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or arylalkyl, wherein the alkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 fluorine atoms per carbon atom;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl;
  • R 5a is halo, -CN or -Oalkyl;
  • Rsb is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 9a is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 Rg)-Ru, -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 R 14 , -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 R 8 XRu, -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NRi 4 Ru, -NR 14 Ri 4 , -S(O) 2 NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 S(O) 2 (CF 2 XCF 3 , -C(O)NRi 4 S(O) 2 (CF
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Ri oa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • RiOa is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r Ri 4 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CRsRs)rRi4, -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 R 8 XRi 4 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 Ri 4 , -S(O) 2 NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3
  • R 14 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of Formula (Ic) are those compounds in which: O O O
  • T is — c— , —c-o- or —c-N .
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3 aCHR 3 b- or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri 3 ;
  • R 5 is hydrogen or halo
  • R 5a is halo or -CN
  • R 5 b is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl;
  • R ⁇ at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R9 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Rg a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from TSf, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Rio a , and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 14 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of Formula (Ic) are those compounds in which: o o
  • T is — c— or — c-o- ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl;
  • R 1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R ia ;
  • Rs 3 is halo or -CN;
  • Rs b is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl;
  • Re at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • Re at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R9 a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rg 3 is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 Rs) 1 R 14 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri 4 , -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri 4 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 14 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 Ri 4 , -S(O) 2 NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -C(O)NR 14 Ri
  • R 10 is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 R 1O a, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 1 Oa is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r R 14 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 R 14 , -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 R 8 XR 14 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 14 R 14 , -NR 14 R 14 , -S(O) 2 NR 14 R 14 , -NR 14 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of Formula CIc are those compounds in which:
  • T is — c— or — c-o- ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 33 CHRJb- or cycloalkyl;
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri 3 ;
  • Rsb is hydrogen or halo;
  • Re at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Ri O3 , and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 1Oa at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 Re)-Ri 4 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 ,
  • R 14 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of Formula (Ic) are those compounds in which: o Il
  • T is — C— ;
  • W is -CHR 33 - or-CHR 3a CHR 3b -;
  • R 1 is alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri 3 ;
  • Ri a is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(0)0(CR 8 R 8 )rRio, -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CRsRs) r Rio, -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 R 8 XRi 0 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 R 9 , -S(O) 2 NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -C
  • R 5 b is hydrogen or halo;
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • compounds of Formula (Ic) are those compounds in which: o Il T iS — C— ;
  • W is -CHR 33 - or-CHR 3a CHR 3b -;
  • Ri is alkyl or aryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri a ;
  • Ria is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 R 8 XRi 0 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 R 8 XRiO, -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri 0 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 R 9 , -S(O) 2 NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 S(O) 2 (CF 2 XCF 3 , -C(O)
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • R 5 is hydrogen or halo;
  • R 5a is halo or -CN;
  • Rsb is hydrogen or halo
  • Rg at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Rg a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 9a at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -
  • R 1O is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Ri oa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of Formula (T) are those compounds having the formula (Id):
  • R 4 at each occurrence is alkyl; or any 2 alkyl R 4 5 S attached to the same carbon atom may form a 3-6 membered ring, which optionally may contain 0-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S; and m is 1 or 2.
  • compounds of Formula (Id) are those compounds in which:
  • T is — c— , —c-o- , —c-N 5 or — s— ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR.3aCHR.3b- or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri 3 ;
  • R 3a and R 3 b are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, or arylalkyl, wherein the alkyl may be substituted with -OH;
  • Rs is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • Rsa is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • R.5b is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • R 5 , Rs 3 and R 5 b are not all hydrogen
  • R ⁇ at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • Rg at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 93 , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Ri O3 , and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-4.
  • compounds of Formula (Id) are those compounds in which:
  • Ii Ii H T is — c— , —c-o- or —c-N ;
  • Rs W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3 b- or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri 3 ;
  • Ria is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri 0 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 RiO, -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri o, -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 ,
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl or arylalkyl, wherein the alkyl may be substituted with -OH;
  • Rs is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl;
  • R 5a is halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • Rsb is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 10 is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 R 1Oa , and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 1 Oa at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 RsXRu, -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-3.
  • compounds of Formula (Id) are those compounds in which:
  • T is — c— , —c-o- or —c-N ;
  • R 8 W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri a ;
  • Ri a is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r Ri 0 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 RiO, -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 R 8 XRi 0 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 R 9 , -S(O) 2 NR 9 R 9 , -NR 9 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 ,
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or arylalkyl, wherein the alkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 fluorine atoms per carbon atom;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, halo or Oalkyl
  • R 5a is halo, -CN or Oalkyl
  • Rsb is hydrogen, halo or Oalkyl
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 9a is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r R 14 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri 4 , -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 Rs) 1 R 14 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NR 14 Ri 4 , -S(O) 2 NR 14 Ri 4 , -NR 14 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 , --
  • compounds of Formula (Id) are those compounds in which:
  • T is — c— , —c-o- or —c-N ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri a ;
  • R 5 b is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Rioa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • compounds of Formula (Id) are those compounds in which: o Il o Il
  • T is — c— or — c-o- ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl
  • R 5 is hydrogen or halo
  • R 53 is halo or -CN
  • R 5 b is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl
  • Rg at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R ⁇ a at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Rioa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio a at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r Ri 4 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 ,
  • compounds of Formula (Id) are those compounds in which:
  • T is — c— or —c-o- ;
  • W is -CHR3a-,-CHR 3 aCHR 3 b- or cycloalkyl;
  • R 1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R la ;
  • R 3a and R 3 b are independently hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl
  • R 5 is hydrogen or halo
  • R 5 b is hydrogen or halo
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R P at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Rg 3 , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Ri oa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rioa at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri 4 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0
  • Il T is C— ;
  • W is -CHR 33 - or -CHR 3 aCHR 3 b-;
  • Ri is alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R la ;
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl;
  • R 5 is hydrogen or halo;
  • R 5 b is hydrogen or halo;
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • Rs at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • Rs> at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R9 a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R9 a at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH
  • R 14 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of Formula (Id) are those compounds in which: o Il
  • T is — c— ;
  • W is -CHR 33 - or -CHR 3a CHR 3b -;
  • R 1 is alkyl or aryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri a ;
  • R. 5 is hydrogen or halo
  • R 5 is hydrogen or halo;
  • R 5 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Rg 3 , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rg 3 is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r R 14 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 R 14 , -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 Re) 1 Ru, -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 14 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 R 14 , -S(O) 2 NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NR 14 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -C(O)NR 14 Ri
  • R 1O is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 R 1Oa , and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 1 Oa is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)O(CR 8 Ra)-Ru, -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -O(CR 8 R 8 ) r R 14 , -OH, -SH, -S(CRsR 8 ) r R 14 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 14 R 14 , -NR 14 Ru, -S(O) 2 NR 14 Ri 4 , -NR 14 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -C(C(O)NR
  • compounds of Formula (I) are those compounds having the formula (Ie):
  • R 4 at each occurrence is alkyl; or any 2 alkyl R 4 5 S attached to the same carbon atom may form a 3-6 membered ring, which optionally may contain 0-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S; and m is 1 or 2.
  • compounds of Formula (Ie) are those compounds in which:
  • Il Il Il Il Il T is — c— , —c-o- t —c-N t or — s— ;
  • W is -CHR 3a -,-CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri a ;
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, or arylalkyl, wherein the alkyl may be substituted with -OH;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • R 5a is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • R 5 b is hydrogen, halo, -CN or -Oalkyl
  • Rs , Rs a and Rs b are not all hydrogen
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 9a at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Rioa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-4.
  • compounds of Formula (Ie) are those compounds in which:
  • M Ii T is — c— , —c-o- or —c-N ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl;
  • R 1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R la ;
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl or arylalkyl, wherein the alkyl may be substituted with -OH;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, halo, -CN or Oalkyl;
  • R 3a is halo, -CN or Oalkyl
  • Rsb is hydrogen, halo, -CN or Oalkyl
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 R 1 O 3 , and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 1 O a is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(K))OH, -C(K))O(CR 8 R 8 XRi 4 , -0(CF 2 XCF 3 , -O(CRsRsXRi4, -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 R 8 XRi 4 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(K))NRi 4 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 R 14 , -S(O) 2 NR 14 Ri 4 , -NRi 4 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-3.
  • compounds of Formula (Ie) are those compounds in which:
  • T is — c— , —c-o ⁇ or —c-N ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 33 CHR 3 I,- or cycloalkyl
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri 3 ;
  • R 13 is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r Ri 0 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -O(CR 8 Rs) r R 10 , -OH, -SH 5 -S(CR 8 R 8 ) ⁇ i 0 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 ,
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or arylalkyl, wherein the alkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 fluorine atoms per carbon atom;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, halo or Oalkyl;
  • R 53 is halo, -CN or -Oalkyl;
  • R 5b is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl;
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • Rg at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Rg 3 , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Ri o a , and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S; RiOa 5 at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 Rs)rRi4, -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -
  • R 14 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of Formula (Ie) are those compounds in which:
  • Ii M M T is — c— , —c-o- or —c-N ;
  • R 8 W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 33 CHR 31 ,- or cycloalkyl
  • R 1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri a ;
  • R3 a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl; R5 is hydrogen or halo;
  • R5b is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Rp 3 , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 10 is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Ri oa, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of Formula (Ie) are those compounds in which:
  • T is — c— or — C-O- ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 3a CHR 3b - or cycloalkyl;
  • R 1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri a ;
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl
  • R 5 is hydrogen or halo; R 5a is halo or -CN;
  • Rsb is hydrogen, halo or -Oalkyl
  • R ⁇ at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 9 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 9a at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of Formula (Ie) are those compounds in which:
  • T is — c— or — C-O- ;
  • W is -CHR 33 -, -CHR 33 CHR 3I ,- or cycloalkyl;
  • Ri is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R la ;
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl
  • R 5a is halo or -CN
  • Rsb is hydrogen or halo
  • Re at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 9a at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 Ri Q 8 , and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Ri 4 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of Formula (Ie) are those compounds in which: o
  • W is -CHR 3a - or-CHR 3a CHR 3b -;
  • Ri is alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl
  • R5 is hydrogen or halo
  • Rsb is hydrogen or halo
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • Rio at each occurrence, is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 R 1O a, and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 14 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of Formula (Ie) are those compounds in which: o Il T iS — C— ;
  • W is -CHR 33 - or-CHR 3a CHR 3b -;
  • R 1 is alkyl or aryl, all of which may be optionally substituted with 0-5 Ri a ;
  • R 3a and R 3b are independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • R 5 is hydrogen or halo;
  • R 5a is halo or -CN
  • R 5 b is hydrogen or halo
  • R 6 at each occurrence, is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;
  • R 8 at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen or alkyl;
  • R 9 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-5 R 9a , and the heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S;
  • R 9a is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(O)OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r Ri 4 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -0(CR 8 R 8 XRi 4 , -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 Rg) 1 R 14 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(K ) )NR 14 Ru, -NRi 4 Ri 4 , -S(O) 2 NR 14 Ri 4 , -NR 14 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3
  • R 1O5 at each occurrence is independently selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl, wherein the alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylalkyl may be optionally substituted with 0-3 R 1O3 , and the heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O 5 and S;
  • R 1Oa is independently selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl heterocyclylalkyl, halo, -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -C(K))OH, -C(O)0(CR 8 R 8 ) r R 14 , -O(CF 2 ) r CF 35 -0(CR 8 Rs) 1 Ri 4 , -OH, -SH, -S(CR 8 R 8 ) ⁇ 14 , -S(O) 3 H, -P(O) 3 H 2 , -C(O)NR 14 R 14 , -NR 14 R 14 , -S(O) 2 NR 14 Ri 4 , -NR 14 S(O) 2 (CF 2 ) r CF 3 , -
  • R 14 at each occurrence, is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl; and r is 0-2.
  • compounds of Formula (I) are those compounds exemplified in the examples.
  • the present invention is directed to a pharmaceutical composition, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for modulation of chemokine or chemokine receptor activity comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for modulation of CCR-I receptor activity comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for modulation of MIP-I ⁇ , MCP-3, MCP-4, RANTES activity, preferably modulation of MIP- l ⁇ activity, that is mediated by the CCR-I receptor comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating disorders, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, said wherein said disorder is selected from osteoarthritis, aneurysm, fever, cardiovascular effects, Crohn's disease, congestive heart failure, autoimmune diseases, HIV-infection, HIV- associated dementia, psoriasis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, transplant arteriosclerosis, physically- or chemically-induced brain trauma, inflammatory bowel disease, alveolitis, colitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, nephrotoxic serum nephritis, glomerularnephritis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, artherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, restinosis, organ transplantation, psoriatic arthritis, multiple myeloma, allergies, for example, skin and mast cell degranulation in eye conjunctiva, hepat
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating inflammatory diseases, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating inflammatory bowel disease, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating Crohn's disease, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating psoriasis, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating systemic lupus erythematosus, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating multiple sclerosis, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating rheumatoid arthritis, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating psoriatic arthritis, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating multiple myeloma, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating allergies, for example, skin and mast cell degranulation in eye conjunctiva, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating hepatocellular carcinoma, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating osteoporosis, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating renal fibrosis, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating inflammatory diseases, for example, inflammatory diseases which are at least partially mediated by CCR-I, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for modulation of CCRl activity comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed the use of a compound of the present invention in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of a disorder, said disorder is selected from osteoarthritis, aneurysm, fever, cardiovascular effects, Crohn's disease, congestive heart failure, autoimmune diseases, HTV-infection, HIV-associated dementia, psoriasis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, transplant arteriosclerosis, physically- or chemically-induced brain trauma, inflammatory bowel disease, alveolitis, colitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, nephrotoxic serum nephritis, glomerularnephritis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, artherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, restinosis, organ transplantation
  • the present invention is directed to a method for modulation of chemokine or chemokine receptor activity comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprised of a compound of the present invention and one or more active ingredients.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for modulation of CCR-I receptor activity comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprised of a compound of the present invention and one or more active ingredients.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for modulation of MIP-Ia, MCP-3, MCP-4, RANTES activity, preferably modulation of MIP-I ⁇ activity, that is mediated by the CCR-I receptor comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprised of a compound of the present invention and one or more active ingredients.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating a disorder, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprised of a compound of the present invention and one or more active ingredients, wherein said disorder is selected from osteoarthritis, aneurysm, fever, cardiovascular effects, Crohn's disease, congestive heart failure, autoimmune diseases, HTV-infection, HIV- associated dementia, psoriasis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, transplant arteriosclerosis, physically- or chemically-induced brain trauma, inflammatory bowel disease, alveolitis, colitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, nephrotoxic serum nephritis, glomerularnephritis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, artherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, restinosis, organ transplantation, psoriatic arthritis, multiple myeloma, allergies, for example, skin and mast cell
  • the present invention is directed to a method for treating inflammatory diseases, preferably, inflammatory diseases which are at least partially mediated by CCR-I, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprised of a compound of present invention and one or more active ingredients.
  • the present invention is directed to a method for modulation of CCR-I activity comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprised of a compound of the present invention and one or more active ingredients.
  • the present invention is directed to the use of a pharmaceutical composition comprised of a compound of the present invention and one or more active ingredients in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of a disorder
  • said disorder is selected from osteoarthritis, aneurysm, fever, cardiovascular effects, Crohn's disease, congestive heart failure, autoimmune diseases, HIV-infection, HTV-associated dementia, psoriasis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, transplant arteriosclerosis, physically- or chemically-induced brain trauma, inflammatory bowel disease, alveolitis, colitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, nephrotoxic serum nephritis, glomerularnephritis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, artherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, restinosis, organ transplantation, psoriatic arthritis, multiple myeloma, allergies, for example, skin and mast cell degranulation in eye conjunctiva,
  • the present invention is directed to the use of a pharmaceutical composition comprised of a compound of the present invention and one or more active ingredients in therapy.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprised of a compound of the present invention and one or more active ingredients in therapy.
  • the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. This invention also encompasses all combinations of alternative aspects of the invention noted herein. It is understood that any and all embodiments of the present invention may be taken in conjunction with any other embodiment to describe additional embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any elements of an embodiment may be combined with any and all other elements from any of the embodiments to describe additional embodiments.
  • the compounds herein described may have asymmetric centers.
  • One enantiomer of a compound of Formula I may display superior activity compared with the other. Thus, all of the stereochemistries are considered to be a part of the present invention.
  • separation of the racemic material can be achieved by HPLC using a chiral column or by a resolution using a resolving agent as known to one of ordinary skill in the art.
  • substituted means that any one or more hydrogens on the designated atom or ring is replaced with a selection from the indicated group, provided that the designated atom's or ring atom's normal valency is not exceeded, and that the substitution results in a stable compound.
  • 2 hydrogens on the atom are replaced.
  • any variable e.g., R 4
  • its definition at each occurrence is independent of its definition at every other occurrence.
  • alkyl is intended to include both branched and straight- chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups containing 1 to 20 carbons, preferably 1 to 10 carbons, more preferably 1 to 8 carbons, in the normal chain, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t-butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, hexyl, isohexyl, heptyl, 4,4- dimethylpentyl, octyl, 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, the various branched chain isomers thereof, and the like as well as such groups may optionally include 1 to 4 substituents such as halo, for example F, Br, Cl, or I, or CF3, alkyl, alk
  • alkenyl refers to straight or branched chain radicals of 2 to 20 carbons, preferably 2 to 12 carbons, and more preferably 1 to 8 carbons in the normal chain, which include one to six double bonds in the normal chain, such as vinyl, 2- propenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 4-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 2- heptenyl, 3-heptenyl, 4-heptenyl, 3-octenyl, 3-nonenyl, 4-decenyl, 3-undecenyl, 4- dodecenyl, 4,8,12-tetradecatrienyl, and the like, and which may be optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents, namely, halogen, haloalkyl, alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, ary
  • alkynyl refers to straight or branched chain radicals of 2 to 20 carbons, preferably 2 to 12 carbons and more preferably 2 to 8 carbons in the normal chain, which include one triple bond in the normal chain, such as 2-propynyl, 3- butynyl, 2-butynyl, 4-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 2-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 2-heptynyl, 3- heptynyl, 4-heptynyl, 3-octynyl, 3-nonynyl, 4-decynyl,3-undecynyl, 4-dodecynyl, and the like, and which may be optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents, namely, halogen, haloalkyl, alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkyny
  • cycloalkyl as employed herein alone or as part of another group includes saturated or partially unsaturated (containing 1 or 2 double bonds) cyclic hydrocarbon groups containing 1 to 3 rings, including monocyclic alkyl, bicyclic alkyl (or bicycloalkyl) and tricyclic alkyl, containing a total of 3 to 20 carbons forming the ring, preferably 3 to 10 carbons, forming the ring and which may be fused to 1 or 2 aromatic rings as described for aryl, which includes cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclodecyl and cyclododecyl, cyclohexenyl,
  • any of which groups may be optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents such as halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkylamido, alkanoylamino, oxo, acyl, arylcarbonylamino, amino, nitro, cyano, thiol, and/or alkylthio, and/or any of the substituents for alkyl.
  • substituents such as halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkylamido, alkanoylamino, oxo, acyl, arylcarbonylamino, amino, nitro, cyano, thiol, and/or alkylthio, and/or any of the substituents for alkyl.
  • alkyl groups as defined above have single bonds for attachment to other groups at two different carbon atoms, they are termed “alkylene” groups and may optionally be substituted as defined above for “alkyl”.
  • alkenyl groups as defined above and alkynyl groups as defined above, respectively, have single bonds for attachment at two different carbon atoms, they are termed “alkenylene groups” and “alkynylene groups”, respectively, and may optionally be substituted as defined above for “alkenyl” and “alkynyl”.
  • aryl refers to monocyclic and bicyclic aromatic groups containing 6 to 10 carbons in the ring portion (such as phenyl or naphthyl, including 1-naphthyl and 2-naphthyl) and may optionally include 1 to 3 additional rings fused to a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring (such as aryl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, or cycloheteroalkyl rings, for example:
  • substituents for example, hydrogen, halo, haloalkyl, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkenyl, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, alkynyl, cycloalkyl-alkyl, cycloheteroalkyl, cycloheteroalkylalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, aryloxy, aryloxyalkyl, arylalkoxy, arylthio, arylazo, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkenyl, heteroarylheteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, hydroxy, nitro, cyano, amino, substituted amino wherein the amino includes 1 or 2 substituents (which are alkyl, aryl, or any of the other aryl compounds mentioned in the definitions), thiol, alkyl, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkenyl
  • lower alkoxy as employed herein alone or as part of another group includes any of the above alkyl, aralkyl, or aryl groups linked to an oxygen atom.
  • amino refers to amino that may be substituted with one or two substituents, which may be the same or different, such as alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloheteroalkyl, cycloheteroalkylalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or thioalkyl.
  • substituents may be further substituted with a carboxylic acid and/or any of the R 1 groups or substituents for R 1 as set out above.
  • amino substituents may be taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-azepinyl, 4-morpholinyl, 4-thiamorpholinyl, 1-piperazinyl, 4-alkyl-l-pi ⁇ erazinyl, 4-arylalkyl-l-piperazinyl, 4-diarylalkyl-l-piperazinyl, 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, or 1-azepinyl, optionally substituted with alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halo, trifluoromethyl, or hydroxy.
  • lower alkylthio as employed herein alone or as part of another group includes any of the above alkyl, aralkyl, or aryl groups linked to a sulfur atom.
  • lower alkylamino as employed herein alone or as part of another group includes any of the above alkyl, aryl, or arylalkyl groups linked to a nitrogen atom.
  • heterocyclyl or “heterocyclic system” is intended to mean a stable 5, 6, or 7-membered monocyclic or bicyclic or 7, 8, 9, or 10-membered bicyclic heterocyclic ring which is saturated, partially unsaturated or unsaturated (aromatic), and which consists of carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of N, NH, O and S and including any bicyclic group in which any of the above-defined heterocyclic rings is fused to a benzene ring.
  • the nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms may optionally be oxidized.
  • the heterocyclic ring may be attached to its pendant group at any heteroatom or carbon atom, which results in a stable structure.
  • the heterocyclic rings described herein may be substituted on carbon or on a nitrogen atom if the resulting compound is stable. If specifically noted, a nitrogen in the heterocycle may optionally be quaternized. It is preferred that when the total number of S and O atoms in the heterocycle exceeds 1, then these heteroatoms are not adjacent to one another.
  • aromatic heterocyclic system or “heteroaryl” is intended to mean a stable 5- to 7- membered monocyclic or bicyclic or 7- to 10-membered bicyclic heterocyclic aromatic ring which consists of carbon atoms and from 1 to 4 heterotams independently selected from the group consisting of N, O and S and is aromatic in nature.
  • heterocycles include, but are not limited to, lH-indazole, 2- pyrrolidonyl, 2H,6H-l,5,2-dithiazinyl, 2H-pyrrolyl, lH-indolyl, 4-piperidonyl, 4aH- carbazole, 4H-quinolizinyl, 6H-l,2,5-thiadiazinyl, acridinyl, azocinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzoxazolyl, benzthiazolyl, benztriazolyl, benztetrazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzimidazalonyl, carbazolyl, 4aH-carbazolyl, ⁇ -carbolinyL chromanyl, chromenyl, cinnolinyl, deca
  • the heterocycles include, but are not limited to, pyridinyl, thiophenyl,
  • heteroaryls examples include l ⁇ -indazole, 2 ⁇ ,6 ⁇ -l,5,2-dithiazinyl, indolyl, 4aH-carbazole, 4H-quinolizinyl, 6H-l,2,5-thiadiazinyl, acridinyl, azocinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzoxazolyl, benzthiazolyl, benztriazolyl, benztetrazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl,
  • heteroaryls are indolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiofuranyl, benzoxazolyl, benzthiazolyl, benztriazolyl, benztetrazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzimidazalonyl, cinnolinyl, furanyl, imidazolyl, indazolyl, indolyl, isoquinolinyl isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazolotriazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyridyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolyl, quinazolinyl, quinolinyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, and tetrazolyl.
  • heterocyclylalkyl or “heterocyclyl” as used herein alone or as part of another group refers to heterocyclyl groups as defined above linked through a C atom or heteroatom to an alkyl chain.
  • heteroarylalkyl or “heteroarylalkenyl” as used herein alone or as part of another group refers to a heteroaryl group as defined above linked through a C atom or heteroatom to an alkyl chain, alkylene, or alkenylene as defined above.
  • cyano as used herein, refers to a -CN group.
  • nitro as used herein, refers to an -NO 2 group.
  • hydroxy as used herein, refers to an OH group.
  • phrases "pharmaceutically acceptable” is employed herein to refer to those compounds, materials, compositions, and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of human beings and animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts refer to derivatives of the disclosed compounds wherein the parent compound is modified by making acid or base salts thereof. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, but are not limited to, mineral or organic acid salts of basic residues such as amines; alkali or organic salts of acidic residues such as carboxylic acids; and the like.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salts include the conventional non-toxic salts or the quaternary ammonium salts of the parent compound formed, for example, from nontoxic inorganic or organic acids.
  • such conventional non-toxic salts include those derived from inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, sulfamic, phosphoric, nitric and the like; and the salts prepared from organic acids such as acetic, propionic, succinic, glycolic, stearic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, pamoic, maleic, hydroxymaleic, phenylacetic, glutamic, benzoic, salicylic, sulfanilic, 2-acetoxybenzoic, fumaric, toluenesulfonic, methanesulfonic, ethane disulfonic, oxalic, isethionic, and the like.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the present invention can be synthesized from the parent compound which contains a basic or acidic moiety by conventional chemical methods. Generally, such salts can be prepared by reacting the free acid or base forms of these compounds with a stoichiometric amount of the appropriate base or acid in water or in an organic solvent, or in a mixture of the two; generally, nonaqueous media like ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol, or acetonitrile are preferred. Lists of suitable salts are found in Remington 's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 17th ed., Mack Publishing Company, Easton, PA, 1985, p. 1418, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • prodrug any compound that can be converted in vivo to provide the bioactive agent (i.e., the compound of formula I) is a prodrug within the scope and spirit of the invention.
  • prodrugs as employed herein includes esters and carbonates formed by reacting one or more hydroxyls of compounds of formula I with alkyl, alkoxy, or aryl substituted acylating agents employing procedures known to those skilled in the art to generate acetates, pivalates, methylcarbonates, benzoates, and the like.
  • Various forms of prodrugs are well known in the art and are described in: a) The Practice of Medicinal Chemistry, Camille G.
  • compounds of the formula I are, subsequent to their preparation, preferably isolated and purified to obtain a composition containing an amount by weight equal to or greater than 99% formula I compound ("substantially pure" compound T), which is then used or formulated as described herein.
  • substantially pure compound T substantially pure compound
  • substantially pure compounds of the formula I are also contemplated herein as part of the present invention.
  • All stereoisomers of the compounds of the instant invention are contemplated, either in admixture or in pure or substantially pure form.
  • the compounds of the present invention can have asymmetric centers at any of the carbon atoms including any one of the R substituents and/or exhibit polymorphism.
  • compounds of formula I can exist in enantiomeric, or diastereomeric forms, or in mixtures thereof.
  • the processes for preparation can utilize racemates, enantiomers, or diastereomers as starting materials.
  • diastereomeric or enantiomeric products are prepared, they can be separated by conventional methods for example, chromatographic or fractional crystallization.
  • Stable compound and “stable structure” are meant to indicate a compound that is sufficiently robust to survive isolation to a useful degree of purity from a reaction mixture, and formulation into an efficacious therapeutic agent.
  • the present invention is intended to embody stable compounds.
  • “Therapeutically effective amount” is intended to include an amount of a compound of the present invention alone or an amount of the combination of compounds claimed or an amount of a compound of the present invention in combination with other active ingredients effective to inhibit MIP- l ⁇ or effective to treat or prevent inflammatory disorders.
  • treating cover the treatment of a disease- state in a mammal, particularly in a human, and include: (a) preventing the disease- state from occurring in a mammal, in particular, when such mammal is predisposed to the disease-state but has not yet been diagnosed as having it; (b) inhibiting the disease-state, i.e., arresting it development; and/or (c) relieving the disease-state, i.e., causing regression of the disease state.
  • the compounds of the present invention can be prepared in a number of ways well known to one skilled in the art of organic synthesis.
  • the compounds of the present invention can be synthesized using the methods described below, together with synthetic methods known in the art of synthetic organic chemistry, or variations thereon as appreciated by those skilled in the art. Preferred methods include, but are not limited to, those described below. All references cited herein are hereby incorporated in their entirety herein by reference.
  • novel compounds of this invention may be prepared using the reactions and techniques described in this section.
  • the reactions are performed in solvents appropriate to the reagents and materials employed and are suitable for the transformations being effected.
  • all proposed reaction conditions including choice of solvent, reaction atmosphere, reaction temperature, duration of the experiment and work up procedures, are chosen to be the conditions standard for that reaction, which should be readily recognized by one skilled in the art. It is understood by one skilled in the art of organic synthesis that the functionality present on various portions of the molecule must be compatible with the reagents and reactions proposed. Such restrictions to the substituents that are compatible with the reaction conditions will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art and alternate methods must then be used.
  • Chemokine receptor antagonists of the formula (I) can be prepared from the protected amino acid derivative 1.1 by coupling with a piperazine 1.2 under standard amide bond forming conditions to yield 1.3 as shown in Scheme 1. Deprotection of the nitrogen can provide an amine 1.4 which can be reacted further with derivatizing reagents to provide (I).
  • Step 1 (R)-tert-butyl l-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-l-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-l- oxobutan-2-ylcarbamate
  • Step 2 (R)-2-Amino-l-(4-(3,4-di-chlorophenyl)piperazin-l-yl)-3,3- dimethylbutan-1-one [00143] To a solution of (R)-tert-butyl l-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-l-yl)- 3,3-dimethyl-l-oxobutan-2-ylcarbamate (crude from above) in dichloromethane (5 mL) was added TFA (5 mL). Upon completion of addition, the resulting solution was allowed to stir at rt. for 2 h.
  • Examples 2 to 6 as described in Table 1, were prepared in a similar manner as described for the preparation of Example 1.
  • the appropriate acid or acid chloride needed to produce the product listed was used in place of the acid chloride used in Example 1.
  • the data in the "MS" column represents the values observed for the (M + H) + ions in MS experiments.
  • Examples 8 to 9 as described in Table 2, were prepared in a similar manner as described for the preparation of Example 7.
  • the appropriate acid or acid chloride needed to produce the product listed was used in place of the 4-chlorobenzoyl chloride used in Example 7.
  • MS column represents the values observed for the (M + H) + ions in MS experiments.
  • the appropriate acid or acid chloride needed to produce the product listed was used in place of the benzoyl chloride used in Example 10.
  • the data in the "MS" column represents the values observed for the (M + H) + ions in MS experiments.
  • Examples 25 to 26 were prepared in a similar manner as described for the preparation of Example 24. In the synthesis of Examples 25 to 26, the appropriate acid needed to produce the product listed was used in place of the benzoyl chloride used in Example 24. The data in the "MS" column represents the values observed for the (M + H) + ions in MS experiments.
  • the appropriate acid or acid chloride needed to produce the product listed was used in place of the benzoyl chloride used in Example 27.
  • the data in the "MS" column represents the values observed for the (M + H) + ions in MS experiments.
  • Examples 32 to 36 were prepared in a similar manner as described for the preparation of Example 31.
  • the appropriate acid needed to produce the product listed was used in place of the N-benzoyl glycine used in Example 31.
  • alternately functionalized piperazines were substituted in place of 4-chlorophenyl piperazine.
  • a 250 mL peptide vessel was charged with 4.73 g of 4-formyl-3- methoxyphenyl derived polystyrene resin and 142 mL of DMF.
  • an appropriate amino acid ester for example, glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride (1.8Ig), DIPEA (4.5 mL), sodium triacetoxyborohydride (2.2 g) and acetic acid (4.3 mL).
  • the suspension was agitated on a wrist-action shaker for 16h at room temperature.
  • the resin was drained and washed sequentially with 150 mL volumes of DMF, 6:3:1 THF/water/AcOH (2x), DMF (2x), THF (2x) and DCM (2x). The resin was then dried under vacuum.
  • Step 2 First Acylation [00162]
  • the amino ester resin (3.6 mmol) of Step 1 was suspended in 200 mL of DMF and then HOBt (3.4 g), DIPEA (8.78 mL), DIC (3.95 mL), and an appropriate acid, such as 4-chlorobenzoic acid (3.95 g) were added.
  • HOBt 3.4 g
  • DIPEA 8.78 mL
  • DIC 3.95 mL
  • an appropriate acid such as 4-chlorobenzoic acid (3.95 g) were added.
  • the resin was agitated for 16h at room temperature.
  • the resin was drained and washed sequentially with 200 mL volumes of DMF (4x), THF (3x) and DCM (3x). The resin was then dried under vacuum.
  • Step 4 Second Acylation [00164] The resin (0.6 mmol) of Step 3 was suspended in 80 mL of DMF and HOBt (570 mg), DPEA (1.57 mL), DIC (0.66 mL), and then an appropriate amine, such as 4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (1.39 g), was added. The resulting resion was then agitated at room temperature for 16 h. At the conclusion of this period, the resin was drained and washed sequentially with 200 mL volumes of DMF (4x), THF (3x) and DCM (3x). The resin was then dried under vacuum.
  • HOBt 570 mg
  • DPEA 1.57 mL
  • DIC DIC
  • an appropriate amine such as 4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazine hydrochloride
  • Step 1 ds-7ert-butyl 3-(l-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)piperazine-4- carbonyl)cyclohexylcarbamate
  • Step 2 cis-(3-Aminocyclohexyl)(4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-l- yl)methanone
  • Examples 47 to 50 were prepared in a similar manner as described for the preparation of Example 46.
  • the appropriate acid chloride needed to produce the product listed was used in place of benzoyl chloride used in Example 46.
  • the data in the "MS" column represents the values observed for the (M + H) + ions in MS experiments.
  • Example 52 was prepared in a similar fashion as Example 1 starting with 2-benzamidocyclohexanecarboxylic acid. MS Found 459.8 (M+).
  • Step 5 l-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6,6-dimethylpiperazine-2,5-dione
  • Step 7 (R)-2-Amino-l-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,3-dimethylpiperazin-l-yl)-3- methylbutan-1-one hydrochloride
  • Step 8 Example 53 [00179] To a solution of 3-acetoxybenzoic acid (12.50 mg, 0.069 mmol) in DMF (0.5 mL), was added BOP (30.7 mg, 0.069 mmol), (R)-2-amino-l-(4-(4 ⁇ chlorophenyl)-3,3-dimethylpiperazin-l-yl)-3-methylbutan-l-one hydrochloride (25 mg, 0.069 mmol), and DIPEA (8.95 mg, 0.069 mmol). The mixture was stirred at rt for 3h and purified by preparative HPLC. The product containing fraction was concentrated and lyophilized to give Example 53 (TFA salt, 17 mg) as a yellow solid. MS found 486.2 (M+).
  • Examples 54 to 59 were prepared in a similar manner as described for the preparation of Example 54. In the synthesis of Examples 54 to 59, the appropriate acid or acid chloride needed to produce the product listed was used in place of 3-acetoxybenzoic acid used in Example 53.
  • Step 1 ((lR,2S)-2-aminocyclopentyl)(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,3-dimethylpiperazin- l-yl)methanone hydrochloride:
  • Step 2 Example 61 [00183] To a solution of ((lS,2S)-2-aminocyclopentyl)(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,3- dimethylpiperazin-l-yl)methanone hydrochloride (40 mg, 0.107 mmol) and DIPEA (28.7 mg, 0.226 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (1 ml), was added benzoyl chloride (18.12 mg, 0.129 mmol). The mixture was stirred at rt for 2h and concentrated. The residue was purified by preparative HPLC to afford Example 61 (21 mg, TFA salt). MS found 440.2 (M+)+.
  • compounds of the present invention have been shown to be modulators of chemokine receptor activity at concentrations equivalent to, or more potently than, 20 ⁇ M, preferably 10 ⁇ M, more preferably 5 ⁇ M.
  • compounds of the present invention are expected to be useful in the treatment of human diseases associated with chemokines and their cognate receptors.
  • Potencies can be calculated and expressed as either inhibition constants (Ki values) or as ICso values, and refer to activity measured employing the assay system(s) described below.
  • Millipore filter plates (#MABVN1250) are treated with 100 ⁇ l of binding buffer (0.5% bovine serum albumin, 20 mM HEPES buffer and 5 mM magnesium chloride in RPMI 1640 media) for thirty minutes at room temperature.
  • binding buffer 0.5% bovine serum albumin, 20 mM HEPES buffer and 5 mM magnesium chloride in RPMI 1640 media
  • 50 ⁇ l of binding buffer with or without a known concentration of compound, is combined with 50 ⁇ l of 125_j labeled human MIP-Ia (to give a final concentration of 50 pM radioligand) and 50 ⁇ l of binding buffer containing 5x10 ⁇ cells.
  • Cells used for such binding assays can include the THP-I cell line, which expresses the endogenous CCRl receptor, or human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, isolated by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation, or human monocytes (Weiner et al., J. Immunol. Methods, 1980, 36, 89).
  • the mixture of compound, cells and radioligand is incubated at room temperature for thirty minutes. Plates are placed onto a vacuum manifold, vacuum applied, and the plates washed three times with binding buffer containing 0.5M NaCl. The plastic skirt is removed from the plate, the plate allowed to air dry, the wells punched out and counted. The percent inhibition of binding is calculated using the total counts obtained in the absence of any competing compound and the background binding determined by addition of 100 nM MIP-I ⁇ in place of the test compound.
  • Compounds of the present invention have activity in the antagonism of
  • Calcium mobilization is measured using the fluorescent Ca ⁇ + indicator dye, fiuo-3.
  • Cells used can include cell lines that express the endogenous CCRl receptor such as MonoMac-6 cells and THP-I cells, or freshly obtained human monocytes isolated as described by Weiner et al., J. Immunol. Methods, 36, 89-97 (1980). The cells are incubated at 8 x 10 ⁇ cells/mL in phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.1% bovine serum albumin, 20 mM HEPES buffer, 5 mM glucose, 1% fetal bovine serum, 4 ⁇ M fluo-3 AM and 2.5 mM probenecid for 60 minutes at 37 0 C.
  • the cells After washing three times in phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.1% bovine serum albumin, 20 mM HEPES, 5 mM glucose and 2.5 mM probenecid, the cells are resuspended in phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.5% bovine serum albumin, 20 mM HEPES and 2.5 mM probenecid at a final concentration of 2-4 x 10 ⁇ cells/mL. Cells are plated into 96-well, black-wall microplates (100 ⁇ l/well) and the plates centrifuged at 200 x g for 5 minutes.
  • BD Falcon HTX Fluoroblok 96-Multiwell Insert System plates (8 micron, catalog #351164) are warmed in a 37 0 C incubator. After centrifugation, THP-I cells (1.5 x 10 7 cells per plate) are resuspended in 1 niL of RPMI 1640 medium (without phenol red). 5 ⁇ l of 1 mg/mL calcein-AM (Molecular Probes catalog#C-3100) are added to the cell suspension. After mixing gently, the cells are incubated at 37 °C for 30 minutes. 14 mL of RPMI 1640 (with 0.1% BSA) are added and the cells centrifuged at 1300 rpm for 5 minutes.
  • the pellet is resuspended in 7.5 mL of pre- warmed RPMI 1640 (with 0.1% BSA).
  • a 20 nM solution of human MIP-Ia is also warmed at 37 0 C.
  • Compounds are diluted in RPMI 1640 to give concentrations twice the final values.
  • the THP-I cell suspension and the 20 nM MIP-Ia solution are mixed 1:1 in polypropylene tubes with pre-warmed RPMI with or without a dilution of the test compounds. These mixtures are warmed in a 37 0 C tube warmer. 50 ⁇ l of the cell suspension + compound are added to each of the insert wells.
  • MIP- l ⁇ + compound 225 ⁇ l of MIP- l ⁇ + compound are added to the lower reservoirs of the BD-Falcon Fluoroblok.
  • the Fluoroblok plate is placed in a 37 0 C incubator, incubated for 60 minutes and read in a Cytofluor II Fluorescence Multi-Well Plate Reader (PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc.) under instrumental settings of excitation wavelength at 485 nm and detection wavelength at 530 nm. Data are generated as arbitrary fluorescence units and the change in fluorescence for each well determined as the maximum-background differential. Compound-dependent inhibition is calculated relative to the response of MIP- l ⁇ alone.
  • Mammalian chemokine receptors provide a target for interfering with or promoting immune cell function in a mammal, such as a human.
  • Compounds that inhibit or promote chemokine receptor function are particularly useful for modulating immune cell function for therapeutic purposes.
  • the present invention is directed to compounds which are useful in the prevention and/or treatment of a wide variety of inflammatory, infectious, and immunoregulatory disorders and diseases, including asthma and allergic diseases, infection by pathogenic microbes (which, by definition, includes viruses), as well as autoimmune pathologies such as the rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis.
  • an instant compound which inhibits one or more functions of a mammalian chemokine receptor e.g., a human chemokine receptor
  • one or more inflammatory process such as leukocyte emigration, adhesion, chemotaxis, exocytosis (e.g., of enzymes, histamine) or inflammatory mediator release
  • an instant compound which promotes one or more functions of the mammalian chemokine receptor e.g., a human chemokine
  • an immune or inflammatory response such as leukocyte emigration, adhesion, chemotaxis, exocytosis (e.g., of enzymes, histamine) or inflammatory mediator release, resulting in the beneficial stimulation of inflammatory processes.
  • eosinophils can be recruited to combat parasitic infections.
  • treatment of the aforementioned inflammatory, allergic and autoimmune diseases can also be contemplated for an instant compound which promotes one or more functions of the mammalian chemokine receptor if one contemplates the delivery of sufficient compound to cause the loss of receptor expression on cells through the induction of chemokine receptor internalization or the delivery of compound in a manner that results in the misdirection of the migration of cells.
  • mammals including but not limited to, cows, sheep, goats, horses, dogs, cats, guinea pigs, rats or other bovine, ovine, equine, canine, feline, rodent or murine species can be treated.
  • the method can also be practiced in other species, such as avian species.
  • the subject treated in the methods above is a mammal, male or female, in whom modulation of chemokine receptor activity is desired.
  • Modulation as used herein is intended to encompass antagonism, agonism, partial antagonism and/or partial agonism.
  • Diseases or conditions of human or other species which can be treated with inhibitors of chemokine receptor function include, but are not limited to: inflammatory or allergic diseases and conditions, including respiratory allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, hypersensitivity lung diseases, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, eosinophilic cellulitis (e.g., Well's syndrome), eosinophilic pneumonias (e.g., Loeffler's syndrome, chronic eosinophilic pneumonia), eosinophilic fasciitis (e.g., Shulman's syndrome), delayed-type hypersensitivity, interstitial lung diseases (ILD) (e.g., idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, or ILD associated with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic sclerosis, Sjogren's syndrome, polymyositis or dermatomyositis); systemic anaphyl
  • diseases or conditions in which undesirable inflammatory responses are to be inhibited can be treated, including, but not limited to, reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis, certain hematological malignancies, cytokine- induced toxicity (e.g., septic shock, endotoxic shock), polymyositis, dermatomyositis.
  • cytokine- induced toxicity e.g., septic shock, endotoxic shock
  • polymyositis e.g., septic shock, endotoxic shock
  • dermatomyositis e.g., HIV.
  • Diseases or conditions of humans or other species which can be treated with promoters of chemokine receptor function include, but are not limited to: immunosuppression, such as that in individuals with immunodeficiency syndromes such as AIDS or other viral infections, individuals undergoing radiation therapy, chemotherapy, therapy for autoimmune disease or drug therapy (e.g., corticosteroid therapy), which causes immunosuppression; immunosuppression due to congenital deficiency in receptor function or other causes; and infections diseases, such as parasitic diseases, including, but not limited to helminth infections, such as nematodes (round worms); (Trichuriasis, Enterobiasis, Ascariasis, Hookworm, Strongyloidiasis, Trichinosis, filariasis); trematodes (flukes) (Schistosomiasis, Clonorchiasis), cestodes (tape worms) (Echinococcosis, Taeniasis saginata, Cystic
  • the compounds of the present invention are accordingly useful in the prevention and treatment of a wide variety of inflammatory, infectious and immunoregulatory disorders and diseases.
  • treatment of the aforementioned inflammatory, allergic and autoimmune diseases can also be contemplated for promoters of chemokine receptor function if one contemplates the delivery of sufficient compound to cause the loss of receptor expression on cells through the induction of chemokine receptor internalization or delivery of compound in a manner that results in the misdirection of the migration of cells.
  • the instant invention may be used to evaluate the putative specific agonists or antagonists of a G protein coupled receptor.
  • the present invention is directed to the use of these compounds in the preparation and execution of screening assays for compounds that modulate the activity of chemokine receptors.
  • the compounds of this invention are useful in establishing or determining the binding site of other compounds to chemokine receptors, e.g., by competitive inhibition or as a reference in an assay to compare its known activity to a compound with an unknown activity.
  • compounds according to the present invention could be used to test their effectiveness.
  • such compounds may be provided in a commercial kit, for example, for use in pharmaceutical research involving the aforementioned diseases.
  • the compounds of the instant invention are also useful for the evaluation of putative specific modulators of the chemokine receptors.
  • G protein coupled receptors that are not thought to be chemokine receptors, either by serving as examples of compounds which do not bind or as structural variants of compounds active on these receptors which may help define specific sites of interaction.
  • the compounds of the present invention are used to treat or prevent disorders selected from rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, septic shock, atherosclerosis, aneurysm, fever, cardiovascular effects, haemodynamic shock, sepsis syndrome, post ischemic reperfusion injury, malaria, Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, mycobacterial infection, meningitis, psoriasis, congestive heart failure, fibrotic diseases, cachexia, graft rejection, autoimmune diseases, skin inflammatory diseases, multiple sclerosis, radiation damage, hyperoxic alveolar injury, HIV, HIV dementia, non-insulin dependent diabetes melitus, asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, bullous pemphigoid, helminthic parasitic infections, allergic colitis, eczema, conjunctivitis, transplantation, familial eosinophilia, eosinophilic cell
  • the compounds are used to treat or prevent inflammatory disorders selected from rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, aneurysm, fever, cardiovascular effects, Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, psoriasis, congestive heart failure, multiple sclerosis, autoimmune diseases, skin inflammatory diseases.
  • inflammatory disorders selected from rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, aneurysm, fever, cardiovascular effects, Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, psoriasis, congestive heart failure, multiple sclerosis, autoimmune diseases, skin inflammatory diseases.
  • the compounds are used to treat or prevent inflammatory disorders selected from rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, and multiple sclerosis.
  • inflammatory disorders selected from rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, and multiple sclerosis.
  • Combined therapy to prevent and treat inflammatory, infectious and immunoregulatory disorders and diseases, including asthma and allergic diseases, as well as autoimmune pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis, and those pathologies noted above is illustrated by the combination of the compounds of this invention and other compounds which are known for such utilities.
  • the present compounds may be used in conjunction with an anti-inflammatory or analgesic agent such as an opiate agonist, a lipoxygenase inhibitor, a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, an interleukin inhibitor, such as an interleukin- 1 inhibitor, a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor, an NMDA antagonist, an inhibitor or nitric oxide or an inhibitor of the synthesis of nitric oxide, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, or a cytokine- suppressing anti-inflammatory agent, for example with a compound such as acetaminophen, aspirin, codeine, fentaynl, ibuprofen, indomethacin, ketorolac, morphine, naproxen, phenacetin, piroxicam, a steroidal analgesic, sufentanyl, sunlindac, interferon alpha and the like.
  • an anti-inflammatory or analgesic agent such as an
  • the instant compounds may be administered with a pain reliever; a potentiator such as caffeine, an H2-antagonist, simethicone, aluminum or magnesium hydroxide; a decongestant such as phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pseudophedrine, oxymetazoline, ephinephrine, naphazoline, xylometazoline, propylhexedrine, or levodesoxy-ephedrine; and antitussive such as codeine, hydrocodone, caramiphen, carbetapentane, or dextramethorphan; a diuretic; and a sedating or non-sedating antihistamine.
  • a pain reliever such as caffeine, an H2-antagonist, simethicone, aluminum or magnesium hydroxide
  • a decongestant such as phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pseudophedrine, oxymetazoline, ephineph
  • compounds of the present invention may be used in combination with other drugs that are used in the treatment/prevention/suppression or amelioration of the diseases or conditions for which compound of the present invention are useful.
  • Such other drugs may be administered, by a route and in an amount commonly used therefore, contemporaneously or sequentially with a compound of the present invention.
  • a pharmaceutical composition containing such other drugs in addition to the compound of the present invention may be used.
  • compositions of the present invention include those that also contain one or more other active ingredients, in addition to a compound of the present invention.
  • Examples of other active ingredients that may be combined with a compound of the present invention, either administered separately or in the same pharmaceutical compositions, include, but are not limited to: (a) integrin antagonists such as those for selectins, ICAMs and VLA-4; (b) steroids such as beclomethasone, methylprednisolone, betamethasone, prednisone, dexamethasone, and hydrocortisone; (c) immunosuppressants such as cyclosporin, tacrolimus, rapamycin and other FK- 506 type immunosuppressants; (d) antihistamines (Hl -histamine antagonists) such as bromopheniramine, chlorpheniramine, dexchlorpheniramine, triprolidine, clemastine, diphenhydramine, diphenylpyraline, tripelennamine, hydroxyzine, methdilazine, promethazine, trimeprazine, azatadine, c
  • the weight ratio of the compound of the present invention to the second active ingredient may be varied and will depend upon the effective doses of each ingredient. [00207] Generally, an effective dose of each will be used. Thus, for example, when a compound of the present invention is combined with an NSAID the weight ratio of the compound of the present invention to the NSAID will generally range from about 1000:1 to about 1:1000, or alternatively from about 200:1 to about 1:200. Combinations of a compound of the present invention and other active ingredients will generally also be within the aforementioned range, but in each case, an effective dose of each active ingredient should be used.
  • the compounds are administered to a mammal in a therapeutically effective amount.
  • therapeutically effective amount it is meant an amount of a compound of Formula I that, when administered alone or in combination with an additional therapeutic agent to a mammal, is effective to prevent or ameliorate the thromboembolic disease condition or the progression of the disease. DOSAGE AND FORMULATION
  • the compounds of this invention can be administered in such oral dosage forms as tablets, capsules (each of which includes sustained release or timed release formulations), pills, powders, granules, elixirs, tinctures, suspensions, syrups, and emulsions. They may also be administered in intravenous (bolus or infusion), intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, or intramuscular form, all using dosage forms well known to those of ordinary skill in the pharmaceutical arts. They can be administered alone, but generally will be administered with a pharmaceutical carrier selected on the basis of the chosen route of administration and standard pharmaceutical practice.
  • the dosage regimen for the compounds of the present invention will, of course, vary depending upon known factors, such as the pharmacodynamic characteristics of the particular agent and its mode and route of administration; the species, age, sex, health, medical condition, and weight of the recipient; the nature and extent of the symptoms; the kind of concurrent treatment; the frequency of treatment; the route of administration, the renal and hepatic function of the patient, and the effect desired.
  • a physician or veterinarian can determine and prescribe the effective amount of the drug required to prevent, counter, or arrest the progress of the thromboembolic disorder.
  • the daily oral dosage of each active ingredient when used for the indicated effects, will range between about 0.001 to 1000 mg/kg of body weight, or between about 0.01 to 100 mg/kg of body weight per day, or alternatively, between about 1.0 to 20 mg/kg/day. Intravenously, the doses will range from about 1 to about 10 mg/kg/minute during a constant rate infusion.
  • Compounds of this invention may be administered in a single daily dose, or the total daily dosage may be administered in divided doses of two, three, or four times daily.
  • Compounds of this invention can be administered in intranasal form via topical use of suitable intranasal vehicles, or via transdermal routes, using transdermal skin patches. When administered in the form of a transdermal delivery system, the dosage administration will, of course, be continuous rather than intermittent throughout the dosage regimen.
  • the compounds are typically administered in admixture with suitable pharmaceutical diluents, excipients, or carriers (collectively referred to herein as pharmaceutical carriers) suitably selected with respect to the intended form of administration, that is, oral tablets, capsules, elixirs, syrups and the like, and consistent with conventional pharmaceutical practices.
  • suitable pharmaceutical diluents, excipients, or carriers suitably selected with respect to the intended form of administration, that is, oral tablets, capsules, elixirs, syrups and the like, and consistent with conventional pharmaceutical practices.
  • the active drug component can be combined with an oral, non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable, inert carrier such as lactose, starch, sucrose, glucose, methyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, dicalcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, mannitol, sorbitol and the like; for oral administration in liquid form, the oral drug components can be combined with any oral, non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable inert carrier such as ethanol, glycerol, water, and the like. Moreover, when desired or necessary, suitable binders, lubricants, disintegrating agents, and coloring agents can also be incorporated into the mixture.
  • suitable binders, lubricants, disintegrating agents, and coloring agents can also be incorporated into the mixture.
  • Suitable binders include starch, gelatin, natural sugars such as glucose or beta-lactose, corn sweeteners, natural and synthetic gums such as acacia, tragacanth, or sodium alginate, carboxymethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, waxes, and the like.
  • Lubricants used in these dosage forms include sodium oleate, sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, sodium chloride, and the like.
  • Disintegrators include, without limitation, starch, methyl cellulose, agar, bentonite, xanthan gum, and the like.
  • the compounds of the present invention can also be administered in the form of liposome delivery systems, such as small unilamellar vesicles, large unilamellar vesicles, and multilamellar vesicles.
  • Liposomes can be formed from a variety of phospholipids, such as cholesterol, stearylamine, or phosphatidylcholines.
  • Compounds of the present invention may also be coupled with soluble polymers as targetable drug carriers.
  • Such polymers can include polyvinylpyrrolidone, pyran copolymer, polyhydroxypropylmethacrylamide-phenol, polyhydroxyethylaspartamidephenol, or polyethyleneoxide-polylysine substituted with palmitoyl residues.
  • the compounds of the present invention may be coupled to a class of biodegradable polymers useful in achieving controlled release of a drug, for example, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, copolymers of polylactic and polyglycolic acid, polyepsilon caprolactone, polyhydroxy butyric acid, polyorthoesters, polyacetals, polydihydropyrans, polycyanoacylates, and crosslinked or amphipathic block copolymers of hydrogels.
  • Dosage forms (pharmaceutical compositions) suitable for administration may contain from about 1 milligram to about 100 milligrams of active ingredient per dosage unit. In these pharmaceutical compositions the active ingredient will ordinarily be present in an amount of about 0.5-95% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
  • Gelatin capsules may contain the active ingredient and powdered carriers, such as lactose, starch, cellulose derivatives, magnesium stearate, stearic acid, and the like. Similar diluents can be used to make compressed tablets. Both tablets and capsules can be manufactured as sustained release products to provide for continuous release of medication over a period of hours. Compressed tablets can be sugar coated or film coated to mask any unpleasant taste and protect the tablet from the atmosphere, or enteric coated for selective disintegration in the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Liquid dosage forms for oral administration can contain coloring and flavoring to increase patient acceptance.
  • water, a suitable oil, saline, aqueous dextrose (glucose), and related sugar solutions and glycols such as propylene glycol or polyethylene glycols are suitable carriers for parenteral solutions.
  • Solutions for parenteral administration may contain a water soluble salt of the active ingredient, suitable stabilizing agents, and if necessary, buffer substances.
  • Antioxidizing agents such as sodium bisulfite, sodium sulfite, or ascorbic acid, either alone or combined, are suitable stabilizing agents.
  • citric acid and its salts and sodium EDTA are also used.
  • parenteral solutions can contain preservatives, such as benzalkonium chloride, methyl- or propyl-paraben, and chlorobutanol.
  • Suitable pharmaceutical carriers are described in Remington 's Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mack Publishing Company, a standard reference text in this field.
  • a large number of unit capsules can be prepared by filling standard two- piece hard gelatin capsules each with 100 milligrams of powdered active ingredient, 150 milligrams of lactose, 50 milligrams of cellulose, and 6 milligrams magnesium stearate.
  • Soft Gelatin Capsules A mixture of active ingredient in a digestible oil such as soybean oil, cottonseed oil or olive oil may be prepared and injected by means of a positive displacement pump into gelatin to form soft gelatin capsules containing 100 milligrams of the active ingredient. The capsules should be washed and dried.
  • a digestible oil such as soybean oil, cottonseed oil or olive oil
  • Tablets may be prepared by conventional procedures so that the dosage unit is 100 milligrams of active ingredient, 0.2 milligrams of colloidal silicon dioxide, 5 milligrams of magnesium stearate, 275 milligrams of macrocrystalline cellulose, 11 milligrams of starch and 98.8 milligrams of lactose. Appropriate coatings may be applied to increase palatability or delay absorption.
  • a parenteral composition suitable for administration by injection may be prepared by stirring 1.5% by weight of active ingredient in 10% by volume propylene glycol and water. The solution should be made isotonic with sodium chloride and sterilized.
  • An aqueous suspension can be prepared for oral administration so that each 5 mL contain 100 mg of finely divided active ingredient, 200 mg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 5 mg of sodium benzoate, 1.0 g of sorbitol solution, U.S.P., and 0.025 mL of vanillin.
  • a daily dosage may be about 0.1 to 100 milligrams of the compound of Formula I and about 1 to 7.5 milligrams of the second anticoagulant, per kilogram of patient body weight.
  • the compounds of this invention generally may be present in an amount of about 5 to 10 milligrams per dosage unit, and the second anti-coagulant in an amount of about 1 to 5 milligrams per dosage unit.
  • the amount of each component in a typical daily dosage and typical dosage form may be reduced relative to the usual dosage of the agent when administered alone, in view of the additive or synergistic effect of the therapeutic agents when administered in combination.
  • the potential exists for a chemical interaction between the combined active ingredients when provided as a single dosage unit they are formulated such that although the active ingredients are combined in a single dosage unit, the physical contact between the active ingredients is minimized (that is, reduced).
  • one active ingredient may be enteric coated.
  • enteric coating one of the active ingredients, it is possible not only to minimize the contact between the combined active ingredients, but also, it is possible to control the release of one of these components in the gastrointestinal tract such that one of these components is not released in the stomach but rather is released in the intestines.
  • One of the active ingredients may also be coated with a material which effects a sustained-release throughout the gastrointestinal tract and also serves to minimize physical contact between the combined active ingredients.
  • the sustained-released component can be additionally enteric coated such that the release of this component occurs only in the intestine.
  • Still another approach would involve the formulation of a combination product in which the one component is coated with a sustained and/or enteric release polymer, and the other component is also coated with a polymer such as a lowviscosity grade of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) or other appropriate materials as known in the art, in order to further separate the active components.
  • HPMC hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
  • the polymer coating serves to form an additional barrier to interaction with the other component.

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