WO2007074385A2 - Dispositif d'injection de carburant - Google Patents

Dispositif d'injection de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007074385A2
WO2007074385A2 PCT/IB2006/003782 IB2006003782W WO2007074385A2 WO 2007074385 A2 WO2007074385 A2 WO 2007074385A2 IB 2006003782 W IB2006003782 W IB 2006003782W WO 2007074385 A2 WO2007074385 A2 WO 2007074385A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
passageway
injection
injection opening
constricted portion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2006/003782
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007074385A3 (fr
Inventor
Susumu Kojima
Original Assignee
Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha filed Critical Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha
Publication of WO2007074385A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007074385A2/fr
Publication of WO2007074385A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007074385A3/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1853—Orifice plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection device that is made capable of injecting a predetermined amount of fuel.
  • An in-cylinder injection internal combustion engine in which fuel is injected directly into a combustion chamber instead of an intake port is known.
  • air is taken into the combustion chamber via the intake port during an open state of an intake valve, and is compressed by the piston, and then fuel is directly injected into the high-pressure air from a fuel injection device. Then, in the combustion chamber, the high-pressure air and atomized fuel mix, and the mixture is led to an ignition plug, and is thereby ignited to explode, thus providing driving power.
  • the burned exhaust gas is discharged via the exhaust port.
  • FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of a distal end portion of a fuel injection device of the aforementioned related art
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 are schematic diagrams showing the deposited states of deposit at injection openings of the related-art fuel injection devices.
  • an injection opening plate 902 is fixed to a distal end portion of a housing 901, and three injection openings 903 are formed in the injection opening plate 902.
  • a needle valve 904 is movably supported so as to be capable of opening and closing a fuel passageway 905. Therefore, by moving the needle valve 904 to open the fuel passageway 905, fuel in the fuel passageway 905 can be injected into a combustion chamber 906 via the injection openings 903.
  • a predetermined amount of fuel is injected from the injection openings 903 into the combustion chamber 906 by opening the fuel passageway 905 through the use of the needle valve 904 for a predetermined period.
  • the fuel injection period elapses and the fuel passageway 905 is closed by the needle valve 904
  • a small amount of fuel adheres and remains at and around the injection openings 903.
  • the fuel remaining at and around the injection openings 903 is baked by high-temperature combustion gas, and becomes deposited as deposit D.
  • the deposited deposit D narrows the channel area of the injection openings 903, and thus becomes a fuel channel resistance, and causes reductions in the amount of flow, so that the amount of fuel injection varies and combustion deterioration is incurred.
  • FIG. 13 it is conceivable to provide a stepped portion 913 having an expanded channel diameter at a distal end portion of each injection opening 912 formed in an injection opening plate 911.
  • the injection openings 912 are located remote from the combustion chamber 914, so that the high- temperature combustion gas is less likely to flow in to reach the fuel adhering and remaining at and around the injection openings 912.
  • the deposition of the deposit D can be restrained.
  • a fuel injection device of this kind is described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. JP-A-07-310629 [0007]
  • a fluid injection nozzle fixed to an exit portion of a jetting hole of the injection valve body is constructed of a first orifice plate that has a first orifice, and a second orifice plate that has a second orifice, and the first orifice plate and the second orifice plate are superposed so that the first orifice and the second orifice intersect and therefore a through hole is formed in the plate thickness direction.
  • a through hole is formed in the plate thickness direction.
  • a fuel injection device of an aspect of the invention includes a housing which has a fuel passageway and whose distal end portion has an injection opening through which the fuel passageway communicates with an outside, and an injection valve that is movably supported in the housing and that shuts and opens the fuel passageway, and the injection opening has a constricted portion that communicates with the fuel passageway and that has a tapered shape in which a passageway diameter decreases toward a distal end, and an expanded portion whose passageway diameter is larger than a passageway diameter of a most downstream end of the constricted portion and is constant in a direction of an axis, and which communicates with the outside.
  • a curved portion may be provided in a communicating portion of the constricted portion of the injection opening to the fuel passageway.
  • An inclined surface inclined by 90 degrees or more to the direction of the axis may be formed in a communicating portion of the expanded portion of the injection opening to the constricted portion.
  • a linear portion whose passageway diameter is substantially equal to a passageway diameter of a most downstream end of the constricted portion and is constant in the direction of the axis and which communicates with the expanded portion may be provided between the constricted portion and the expanded portion of the injection opening.
  • the injection opening may have a first plate provided with the constricted portion and a second plate provided with the expanded portion of the injection opening may be fixed to the first plate.
  • the injection opening may have a first plate provided with the constricted portion and a pipe member having the expanded portion of the injection opening may be fixed to the first plate.
  • the pipe member may be provided with a cover portion that covers a surrounding of the constricted portion.
  • a heat conductivity of the second plate or the pipe member may be smaller than the heat conductivity of the first plate.
  • the injection valve capable of shutting and opening the fuel passageway is movably supported in the housing which has the fuel passageway and whose distal end portion has the injection opening through which the fuel passageway communicates with the outside.
  • the injection opening is formed constructed of the constricted portion that communicates with the fuel passageway and has a tapered shape in which the passageway diameter decreases toward the distal end, and the expanded portion whose passageway diameter is larger than the passageway diameter of the constricted portion and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicates with the outside. Therefore, the stream of fuel flowing from the fuel passageway into the injection opening is accelerated by the constricted portion so that the component in the flowing direction is increased.
  • the detachment of the stream of fuel from the wall surface of the constricted portion is restrained.
  • the fluid force of fuel acts on the constricted portion uniformly with respect to the circumferential direction, so that the deposit adhering to the injection opening can be properly removed.
  • the component in the flowing direction of fuel increases at the constricted portion, the amount of droplets of fuel occurring in the expanded portion is reduced, so that the deposit in and around the injection opening can be restrained.
  • the variation in the fuel injection amount due to reduction in the fuel flow amount is prevented, and combustion improvement can be provided.
  • a fuel injection device of another aspect of the invention includes a housing which has a fuel passageway and whose distal end portion has an injection opening through which the fuel passageway communicates with an outside, and an injection valve that is movably supported in the housing and that shuts and opens the fuel passageway, wherein the injection opening has a constricted portion that communicates with the fuel passageway and that has a tapered shape in which a passageway diameter decreases toward a distal ' end, and an expanded portion which communicates with the outside and whose passageway diameter is larger than a passageway diameter of a most downstream end of the constricted portion and is constant in a direction of an axis or gradually expands from the most downstream end toward the outside.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a distal end portion of an injector representing a fuel injection device in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of injection openings in the fuel injection device of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of portions of an internal combustion engine to which the fuel injection device of the first embodiment is applied;
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the fuel injection device of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of injection openings in a fuel injection device in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of injection openings in a fuel injection device in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of injection openings in a fuel injection device in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of injection openings in a fuel injection device in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of injection openings in a fuel injection device in accordance with a sixth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of injection openings in a fuel injection device in accordance with a seventh embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of a distal end portion of a related-art fuel injection device
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the deposited state of deposit in and around injection openings in a related-art fuel injection device
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the deposited state of deposit in and around injection openings in a related-art fuel injection device.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a distal end portion of an injector that represents a fuel injection device in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of injection openings in the fuel injection device of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of portions of an internal combustion engine to which the fuel injection device of the first embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the fuel injection device of the first embodiment.
  • a cylinder block 12 is attached to a lower portion of a cylinder head 11 as shown in FIG. 3, and is fastened by a plurality of fastening bolts (not shown).
  • a plurality of cylinder bores 13 are formed in the cylinder block 12, and a piston 14 is slidably fitted in each of the cylinder bores 13.
  • a crankshaft (not shown) is rotatably supported by a lower portion of the cylinder block 12.
  • Each piston 14 is connected via a connecting rod . 15 to the crankshaft.
  • a combustion chamber 16 is constructed of one of the cylinder bores 13 formed in the cylinder block 12, a lower surface of the cylinder head 11, and a top surface of the piston 14, and has a pentroof shape in which a ceiling portion (the lower surface of the cylinder head 11) is sloped so that a central portion thereof is relatively high.
  • a ceiling portion the lower surface of the cylinder head 11
  • an input port 17 and an exhaust port 18 are formed facing each other.
  • An intake valve 19 and an exhaust valve 20 are position with respect to the input port 17 and the exhaust port 18, respectively.
  • Each of the intake valve 19 and the exhaust valve 20 is supported movably along the direction of the axis of a corresponding one of stem guides 21, 22, and is supported and urged by a corresponding one of valve springs 23, 24, respectively, in such a direction as to close the input port 17 or the exhaust port 18. Furthermore, each of the intake valve 19 and the exhaust valve 20 is connected at an upper end portion to an end portion of a corresponding one of roller rocker arms 25, 26, and another end portion of the roller rocker arm 25, 26 is connected to a corresponding one of lash adjusters 27, 28 that are fixed to the cylinder head 11. An intake cam 30 of an intake camshaft 29 and an exhaust cam 32 of an exhaust camshaft 31 are in contact with the roller rocker arms 25, 26, respectively. [0026]
  • the intake cam 30 and the exhaust cam 32 operate the roller rocker arms 25, 26 so as to move the intake valve 19 and the exhaust valve 20, respectively, upward and downward at predetermined timings.
  • the input port 17 and the exhaust port 18 are opened and closed, and communication can be established between the input port 17 and the combustion chamber 16, and between the combustion chamber 16 and the exhaust port 18.
  • An injector 33 that directly injects fuel into the combustion chamber 16 is fitted in a side portion of the combustion chamber 16, that is, at a lower surface of an input port 17-side portion of the cylinder head 11. Furthermore, an ignition plug 34 is fitted at a center of a ceiling portion of the combustion chamber 16, that is, at a lower surface of the cylinder head 11 between the input port 17 and the exhaust port 18.
  • An electronic control unit (ECU) is mounted in the vehicle.
  • This ECU is capable of controlling the fuel injection timing of the injector 33, the ignition timing of the ignition plug 34, etc., and determines the fuel injection amount, the injection timing, the ignition timing, etc., on the basis of the state of engine operation, such as the intake air amount, the throttle opening degree (accelerator operation amount), the engine rotation speed that are detected, etc. [0028]
  • a valve body 42 is fixed in a distal end portion of a holder 41 that has a hollow shape, and an injection opening plate 43 is fixed to a distal end portion of the valve body 42. Injection openings 44 are formed in the injection opening plate 43.
  • a magnetic pipe 45 having a hollow shape is fixed to a rear end portion of the holder 41.
  • a core 46 having a cylindrical shape is fitted within the magnetic pipe 45.
  • an armature 47 is supported movably in the direction of the axis.
  • the magnetic pipe 45 is constructed of magnetic portions placed at upper and lower positions, and a non-magnetic portion positioned between the magnetic portions.
  • a needle valve 48 as an injection valve is disposed in the holder 41 movably along the center axis.
  • a rear end side of the needle valve 48 is fitted and connected to a distal end portion of the armature 47, and a distal end side of the needle valve 48 extends into the valve body 42.
  • a seal portion 49 is formed on a distal end portion of the needle valve 48.
  • a compressed coil spring 51 that urges the needle valve 48 toward the distal end side via the armature 47 is interposed between the armature 47 and an adjust pipe 50 that is fitted within the core 46.
  • the seal portion 49 of the needle valve 48 is in contact with a valve seat portion 52 of the valve body 42.
  • a coil 53 is wound on an outside of the magnetic pipe 45.
  • a connector 54 is formed by resin molding on an outside of the coil 53, and a yoke 55 made of a magnetic material is fixed to an outside of the connector 54. Therefore, when the oil 53 is electrified, electromagnetic attraction force is generated by the core 46, so that the armature 47 and the needle valve 48 can be moved toward the rear end side (right side in FIG. 4) against the elastic force of the compressed coil spring 51 so as to separate the seal portion 49 ,from the valve seat portion 52 of the valve body 42. [0031]
  • a fuel introduction pipe 56 is connected to a rear end portion of the magnetic pipe 45.
  • a fuel introduction passageway 57 is formed in which a filter 58 is attached.
  • the fuel introduction passageway 57 communicates with first and second fuel passageways 59, 60 that are formed within the core 46 and the armature 47.
  • the second fuel passageway 60 communicates via a fuel pass-through hole 61 with a third fuel passageway 61 that is formed within the holder 41.
  • This third fuel passageway 61 communicates with a fourth fuel passageway 62 that is formed between the valve body 42 and the needle valve 48.
  • the elastic force of the compressed coil spring 51 causes the seal portion 49 of the needle valve 48 to contact the valve seat portion 52 of the valve body 42, thereby closing the fourth fuel passageway 62.
  • the electromagnetic attraction force causes the seal portion 49 of the needle valve 48 to separate from the valve seat portion 52 of the valve body 42, thereby opening the fourth fuel passageway 62.
  • the fuel present in the fourth fuel passageway 62 can be injected from the injection openings 44 into the combustion chamber 16.
  • three injection openings 44 (44a, 44b, 44c) are formed in a distal end portion of the injector 33 constructed as described above.
  • An injection opening 44a in a middle portion is formed along the direction of the center axis of the needle valve 48, and each of the left and right injection openings 44b, 44c is formed along a direction that is inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the center axis of the needle valve 48.
  • Each injection opening 44a, 44b, 44c is constructed of a constricted portion 71a, 71b, 71c that communicates with the fourth fuel passageway 62 and that has a tapered shape with the passageway diameter decreasing toward a forward end side, and an expanded portion 72a, 72b, 72c whose passageway diameter is larger than that of the constricted portion 71a, 71b, 71c and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicates with the combustion chamber 16.
  • the constricted portion 71a, 71b, 71c has a conical shape whose base portion communicates with the fourth fuel passageway 62, and whose distal end portion reduces in passage diameter toward the combustion chamber 16 side.
  • the expanded portion 72a, 72b, 72c has a cylindrical shape whose passage diameter is larger than that of a distal end portion of the constricted portion 71a, 71b, 71c, and is constant in the direction of the axis, and whose base end portion communicates with the constricted portion 71a, 71b, 71c, and whose distal end portion communicates with the combustion chamber 16.
  • the fourth fuel passageway 62 is opened so that the fuel present in the fourth fuel passageway 62 is injected into the combustion chamber 16 through the injection openings 44a, 44b, 44c.
  • the stream of fuel that flows from the fourth fuel passageway 62 into each injection opening 44a, 44b, 44c is accelerated by the constriction portion 71a, 71b, 71c so that the component in the flowing direction is increased.
  • each constricted portion 71a, 71b, 71c is less likely to become detached from the wall surface so that the fluid force of fuel acts on the constricted portion 71a, 71b, 71c uniformly with respect to the circumferential direction, so that the deposit adhering to the injection opening 44a, 44b, 44c can be removed.
  • the amount of fuel injected into the combustion chamber 16 is established by the most downstream end of each constricted portion 71a, 71b, 71c, and the passageway diameter greatly expands from this site forward due to the expanded portion 72a, 72b, 72c. Therefore, even if deposit is deposited in the expanded portions 72a, 72b, 72c, the growth thereof into the constricted portions 71a, 71b, 71c can be restrained. [0035]
  • the injection opening plate 43 in which the injection openings 44a, 44b, 44c are formed is fixed to a distal end portion of the valve body 42 of the injector 33.
  • the needle valve 48 is movably supported in the valve body 42. The communication between the fourth fuel passageway 62 and the injection openings 44a, 44b, 44c is established by the needle valve 48 so that fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber 16.
  • Each injection opening 44a, 44b, 44c is constructed of the constricted portion 71a, 71b, 71c that communicates with the fourth fuel passageway 62 and that has a tapered shape with the passageway diameter decreasing toward the forward end side, and the expanded portion 72a, 72b, 72c whose passageway diameter is larger than that of the constricted portion 71a, 71b, 71c and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicates with the combustion chamber 16.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of injection openings in a fuel injection device in accordance with the second embodiment of the invention.
  • members having substantially the same functions as those described above in conjunction with the foregoing embodiment are denoted by the same reference characters, and redundant descriptions will be omitted.
  • each injection opening 82a, 82b, 82c is constructed of a constricted portion 83a, 83b, 83c that communicates with the fourth fuel passageway 62 and that has a tapered shape with the passageway diameter decreasing toward a forward end side, and an expanded portion 84a, 84b, 84c whose passageway diameter is larger than that of the constricted portion 83a, 83b, 83c and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicates with the combustion chamber 16.
  • a curved surface portion 85a, 85b, 85c is formed in a communicating portion of the constricted portion 83a, 83b, 83c with respect to the fourth fuel passageway 62.
  • the fuel in the fourth fuel passageway 62 is injected into the combustion chamber 16 through the injection openings 82a, 82b, 82c.
  • the stream of fuel flowing from the fourth fuel passageway 62 into each injection opening 82a, 82b, 82c reaches the constricted portion 83a, 83b, 83c while being guided by the curved surface portion 85a, 85b, 85c, and is accelerated by the constricted portion 83a, 83b, 83c so that the component in the flowing direction is increased.
  • each injection opening 82a, 82b, 82c formed in the injection opening plate 81 is constructed of the constricted portion 83a, 83b, 83c that communicates with the fourth fuel passageway 62 and that has a tapered shape with the passageway diameter decreasing toward the forward end side, and the expanded portion 84a, 84b, 84c whose passageway diameter is larger than that of the constricted portion 83a, 83b, 83c and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicates with the combustion chamber 16, and the curved surface portion 85a, 85b, 85c is formed in a communicating portion of the constricted portion 83a, 83b, 83c with respect to the fourth fuel passageway 62.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of injection openings in a fuel injection device in accordance with the third embodiment of the invention.
  • members having substantially the same functions as those described above in conjunction with the foregoing embodiments are denoted by the same reference characters, and redundant descriptions will be omitted.
  • three injection openings 92a, 92b, 92c are formed in an injection opening plate 91 that is fixed to a distal end portion of an injector.
  • Each injection opening 92a, 92b, 92c is constructed of a constricted portion 93a, 93b, 93c that communicates with the fourth fuel passageway 62 and that has a tapered shape with the passageway diameter decreasing toward a forward end side, and an expanded portion 94a, 94b, 94c whose passageway diameter is larger than that of the constricted portion 93a, 93b, 93c and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicates with the combustion chamber 16.
  • each injection opening 92a, 92b, 92c a ring-shape inclined surface 95a, 95b, 95c that is inclined by an angle of 90 degrees or more is formed in a connecting portion of the expanded portion 94a, 94b, 94c to the constricted portion 93a, 93b, 93c. Therefore, a ceiling portion of each expanded portion 94a, 94b, 94c is relatively remote from the combustion chamber 16. [0045] Therefore, as the needle valve is moved to open the fourth fuel passageway 62, the fuel in the fourth fuel passageway 62 is injected into the combustion chamber 16 through the injection openings 92a, 92b, 92c.
  • each injection opening 92a, 92b, 92c formed in the injection opening plate 91 is constructed of the constricted portion 93a, 93b, 93c that communicates with the fourth fuel passageway 62 and that has a tapered shape with the passageway diameter decreasing toward the forward end side, and the expanded portion 94a, 94b, 94c whose passageway diameter is larger than that of the constricted portion 93a, 93b, 93c and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicates with the combustion chamber 16, and the inclined surface 95a, 95b, 95c inclined at an angle of 90 degrees or more is formed in a connecting portion of the expanded portion 94a, 94b, 94c to the constricted portion 93a, 93b, 93c.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of injection openings in a fuel injection device in accordance with the fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • members having substantially the same functions as those described above in conjunction with the foregoing embodiments are denoted by the same reference characters, and redundant descriptions will be omitted.
  • each injection opening 102a, 102b, 102c is constructed of a constricted portion 103a, 103b, 103c that communicates with the fourth fuel passageway 62 and that has a tapered shape with the passageway diameter decreasing toward a forward end side, an expanded portion 104a, 104b, 104c whose passageway diameter is larger than that of the constricted portion 103a, 103b, 103c and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicates with the combustion chamber 16, and a linear portion 105a, 105b, 105c provided between the constricted portion 103a, 103b, 103c and the expanded portion 104a, 104b, 104c.
  • Each linear portion 105a, 105b, 105c has an inside diameter that is substantially equal to that of a downstream end portion of the constricted portion 103a, 103b, 103c, and that is constant in the direction of the axis, and communicates with the expanded portion 104a, 104b, 104c.
  • the fuel in the fourth fuel passageway 62 is injected into the combustion chamber 16 through the injection openings 102a, 102b, 102c.
  • the stream of fuel flowing from the fourth fuel passageway 62 into each injection opening 102a, 102b, 102c is accelerated by the constricted portion 103a, 103b, 103c so that the component in the flowing direction is increased. Therefore, the stream of fuel passing through each constricted portion 103a, 103b, 103c is less likely to become detached from the wall surface, and the fluid force of fuel acts on the constricted portion 103a, 103b, 103c uniformly with respect to the circumferential direction. Hence, the deposit adhering to the injection openings 102a, 102b, 102c can be removed. [0052]
  • the stream of fuel flowing from the fourth fuel passageway 62 into each injection opening 102a, 102b, 102c is accelerated herein so that the component in the flowing direction is increased, and is also rectified by the linear portion 105a, 105b, 105c, and then flows into the expanded portion 104a, 104b, 104c whose passageway diameter is large. Therefore, substantially no droplets of fuel occur in the expanded portion 104a, 104b, 104c, and a favorably atomized fuel spray is injected into the combustion chamber 16. Therefore, the amount of fuel adhering to the injection openings 102a, 102b, 102c reduces, so that the deposit can be restrained.
  • each injection opening 104a, 104b, 104c the ring-shaped linear portion 105a, 105b, 105c is formed, the combustion gas in the combustion chamber 16 is less likely to intrude into the constricted portions 103a, 103b, 103c, so that the growth of deposit can be restrained.
  • 102a, 102b, 102c formed in the injection opening plate 101 is constructed of the constricted portion 103a, 103b, 103c that communicates with the fourth fuel passageway 62 and that has a tapered shape with the passageway diameter decreasing toward the forward end side, the expanded portion 104a, 104b, 104c whose passageway diameter is larger than that of the constricted portion 103a, 103b, 103c and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicates with the combustion chamber 16, and the linear portion 105a, 105b, 105c which has an inside diameter that is substantially equal to that of the downstream end portion of the constricted portion 103a, 103b, 103c and that is constant in the direction of the axis, and which provides communication between the constricted portion 103a, 103b, 103c and the expanded portion 104a, 104b, 104c.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of injection openings in a fuel injection device in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the invention.
  • members having substantially the same functions as those described above in conjunction with the foregoing embodiments are denoted by the same reference characters, and redundant descriptions will be omitted.
  • a first injection opening plate 111 and a second injection opening plate 112 are fixed to a distal end of an injector.
  • Constricted portions 113a, 113b, 113c that communicate with the fourth fuel passageway 62 and that each have a tapered shape with the passageway diameter decreasing toward a forward end side are formed in the first injection opening plate 111.
  • the second injection opening plate 112 is provided with expanded portions 114a, 114b, 114c whose passageway diameter is larger than that of the constricted portions 113a, 113b, 113c and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicates with the combustion chamber 16.
  • the constricted portions 113a, 113b, 113c and the expanded portions 114a, 114b, 114c constitute injection openings 115a, 115b, 115c.
  • the heat conductivity of the second injection opening plate 112 that directly contacts combustion gas is set smaller than the heat conductivity of the first injection opening plate 111 that directly contacts fuel.
  • the fuel in the fourth fuel passageway 62 is injected into the combustion chamber 16 through the injection openings 115a, 115b, 115c.
  • the stream of fuel flowing from the fourth fuel passageway 62 into each injection opening 115a, 115b, 115c is accelerated by the constricted portion 113a, 113b, 113c so that the component in the flowing direction is increased. Therefore, the stream of fuel passing through each constricted portion 113a, 113b, 113c is less likely to become detached from the wall surface, and the fluid force of fuel acts on the constricted portion 113a, 113b, 113c uniformly with respect to the circumferential direction.
  • the deposit adhering to the injection openings 115a, 115b, 115c can be removed.
  • the stream of fuel flowing from the fourth fuel passageway 62 into each injection opening 115a, 115b, 115c is accelerated herein so that the component in the flowing direction is increased, and then flows into the expanded portion 114a, 114b, 114c whose passageway diameter is large. Therefore, substantially no droplets of fuel occur in the expanded portion 114a, 114b, 114c, and a favorably atomized fuel spray is injected into the combustion chamber 16. Therefore, the amount of fuel adhering to the injection openings 115a, 115b, 115c reduces, so that the deposit can be restrained. [0060]
  • the second injection opening plate 112 that directly contacts combustion gas reaches higher temperature than the first injection opening plate 111 that directly contacts fuel.
  • the heat conductivity of the second injection opening plate 112 is set smaller than the heat conductivity of the first injection opening plate 111, heat of the second injection opening plate 112 is less likely to be transmitted to the first injection opening plate 111. Therefore, the deposit due to the high temperature of the injection openings 115a, 115b, 115c in the first injection opening plate 111 can be restrained.
  • the first injection opening plate 111 and the second injection opening plate 112 are fixed to a distal end portion of the injector.
  • the constricted portions 113a, 113b, 113c that communicate with the fourth fuel passageway 62 and that each have a tapered shape with the passageway diameter decreasing toward the forward end side are formed.
  • the expanded portions 114a, 114b, 114c whose passageway diameter is larger than that of the constricted portion 113a, 113b, 113c and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicate with the combustion chamber 16 are formed.
  • constricted portions 113a, 113b, 113c and the expanded portions 114a, 114b, 114c constitute the injection openings 115a, 115b, 115c, respectively.
  • each constricted portion 113a, 113b, 113c acts on each constricted portion 113a, 113b, 113c uniformly with respect to the circumferential direction, so that the deposit adhering to each injection opening 115a, 115b, 115c can be properly removed. Furthermore, since the component in the flowing direction of fuel increases at each constricted portion 113a, 113b, 113c, the amount of droplets of fuel occurring in the expanded portion 114a, 114b, 114c is reduced, so that the deposit in and around each injection opening 115a, 115b, 115c can be restrained. As a result, the variation in the fuel injection amount due to reduction in the fuel flow amount is prevented, and combustion improvement can be provided.
  • the constricted portions 113a, 113b, 113c constituting the injection openings 115a, 115b, 115c are formed in the first injection opening plate 111, and the expanded portions 114a, 114b, 114c are formed in the second injection opening plate 112. Therefore, the injection openings 115a, 115b, 115c can easily be formed, and cost reduction is made possible. At the same time, the degree of freedom in fabrication improves, so that the shape of injection openings can be optimized in accordance with the aptitude of the fuel injection device.
  • the heat conductivity of the second injection opening plate 112 is set smaller than the heat conductivity of the first injection opening plate 111, heat of the second injection opening plate 112 is less likely to be transmitted to the first injection opening plate 111, and the deposit due to the high temperature of the injection openings 115a, 115b, 115c can be restrained.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of injection openings in a fuel injection device in accordance with the sixth embodiment of the invention.
  • members having substantially the same functions as those described above in conjunction with the foregoing embodiments are denoted by the same reference characters, and redundant descriptions will be omitted.
  • an injection opening plate 121 is fixed to a distal end portion of an injector.
  • constricted portions 122a, 122b, 122c that communicate with the fourth fuel passageway 62 and that each have a tapered shape with the passageway diameter decreasing toward a forward end side are formed.
  • pipe members 123a, 123b, 123c are fixed.
  • each pipe member 123a, 123b, 123c an expanded portion 124a, 124b, 124c whose passageway diameter is larger than that of the constricted portion 122a, 122b, 122c and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicates with the combustion chamber 16 is formed.
  • the constricted portions 122a, 122b, 122c and the expanded portions 124a, 124b, 124c constitute injection openings 125a, 125b, 125c.
  • the heat conductivity of the pipe members 123a, 123b, 123c that directly contact combustion gas is set smaller than the heat conductivity of the injection opening plate 121 that directly contacts fuel.
  • the fuel in the fourth fuel passageway 62 is injected into the combustion chamber 16 through the injection openings 125a, 125b, 125c.
  • the stream of fuel flowing from the fourth fuel passageway 62 into each injection opening 125a, 125b, 125c is accelerated by the constricted portion 122a, 122b, 122c so that the component in the flowing direction is increased. Therefore, the stream of fuel passing through each constricted portion 122a, 122b, 122c is less likely to become detached from the wall surface, and the fluid force of fuel acts on the constricted portion 122a, 122b, 122c uniformly with respect to the circumferential direction. Hence, the deposit adhering to the injection openings 125a, 125b, 125c can be removed. [0068]
  • the pipe members 123a, 123b, 123c that directly contact combustion gas reach higher temperature than the injection opening plate 121 that directly contacts fuel.
  • the heat conductivity of the pipe members 123a, 123b, 123c is set smaller than the heat conductivity of the injection opening plate 121, heat of the pipe members 123a, 123b, 123c is less likely to be transmitted to the injection opening plate 121.
  • the deposit due to the high temperature of the injection openings 125a, 125b, 125c in the injection opening plate 121 can be restrained.
  • the constricted portions 122a, 122b, 122c that communicate with the fourth fuel passageway 62 and that each have a tapered shape with the passageway diameter decreasing toward the forward end side are formed.
  • the expanded portion 124a, 124b, 124c whose passageway diameter is larger than that of the constricted portion 122a, 122b, 122c and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicates with the combustion chamber 16, is formed.
  • the constricted portions 122a, 122b, 122c and the expanded portions 124a, 124b, 124c constitute the injection openings 125a, 125b, 125c, respectively.
  • the constricted portions 122a, 122b, 122c constituting the injection openings 125a, 125b, 125c are formed in the injection opening plate 121, and the expanded portions 124a, 124b, 124c are formed by the pipe members 123a, 123b, 123c. Therefore, the injection openings 125a, 125b, 125c can easily be formed, and cost reduction is made possible. At the same time, the degree of freedom in fabrication improves, so that the shape of injection openings can be optimized in accordance with the aptitude of the fuel injection device.
  • the heat conductivity of the pipe members 123a, 123b, 123c is set smaller than the heat conductivity of the injection opening plate 121, heat of the pipe members 123a, 123b, 123c is less likely to be transmitted to the injection opening plate 121, and the deposit due to the high temperature of the injection openings 125a, 125b, 125c can be restrained.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of injection openings in a fuel injection device in accordance with the seventh embodiment of the invention.
  • members having substantially the same functions as those described above in conjunction with the foregoing embodiments are denoted by the same reference characters, and redundant descriptions will be omitted.
  • a first injection opening plate 131 is fixed to a distal end portion of an injector.
  • the first injection opening plate 131 is provided with constricted portions 132a, 132b, 132c that communicate with the fourth fuel passageway 62 and that each have a tapered shape with the passageway diameter decreasing toward a forward end side.
  • a second injection opening plate 134 having pipe portions (pipe members) 133a, 133b, 133c is fixed to the first injection opening plate 131.
  • Each pipe portion 133a, 133b, 133c is provided with an expanded portion 135a, 135b, 135c whose passageway diameter is larger than that of the constricted portion 132a, 132b, 132c and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicates with the combustion chamber 16.
  • the constricted portions 132a, 132b, 132c and the expanded portions 135a, 135b, 135c constitute injection openings 136a, 136b, 136c, respectively.
  • the second injection opening plate 134 functions as a cover portion that covers the surroundings of the constricted portions 132a, 132b, 132c.
  • the heat conductivity of the second injection opening plate 134 that directly contacts combustion gas is set smaller than the heat conductivity of the first injection opening plate 131 that directly contacts fuel.
  • each constricted portion 132a, 132b, 132c is less likely to become detached from the wall surface, and the fluid force of fuel acts on the constricted portion 132a, 132b, 132c uniformly with respect to the circumferential direction. Hence, the deposit adhering to the injection openings 136a, 136b, 136c can be removed.
  • each injection opening 136a, 136b, 136c is accelerated herein so that the component in the flowing direction is increased, and then flows into the expanded portion 135a, 135b, 135c whose passageway diameter is large, substantially no droplets of fuel occur in the expanded portion 135a, 135b, 135c, and a favorably atomized fuel spray is injected into the combustion chamber 16. Therefore, the amount of fuel adhering to the injection openings 136a, 136b, 136c reduces, so that the deposit can be restrained. [0078] At this time, the second injection opening plate 134 that directly contacts combustion gas reaches higher temperature than the first injection opening plate 131 that directly contacts fuel.
  • the heat conductivity of the second injection opening plate 134 is set smaller than the heat conductivity of the first injection opening plate 131, heat of the second injection opening plate 134 is less likely to be transmitted to the first injection opening plate 131. As a result, the deposit due to the high temperature of the injection openings 136a, 136b, 136c in the first injection opening plate 131 can be restrained.
  • the first injection opening plate 131 is fixed to a distal end portion of the injector.
  • the constricted portions 132a, 132b, 132c that communicate with the fourth fuel passageway 62 and that each have a tapered shape with the passageway diameter decreasing toward the forward end side are formed.
  • the second injection opening plate 134 having the pipe portions 133a, 133b, 133c is fixed to the first injection opening plate 131.
  • Each pipe portion 133a, 133b, 133c is provided with the expanded portion 135a, 135b, 135c whose passageway diameter is larger than that of the constricted portion 132a, 132b, 132c and is constant in the direction of the axis, and which communicates with the combustion chamber 16.
  • the constricted portions 132a, 132b, 132c and the expanded portions 135a, 135b, 135c constitute the injection openings 136a, 136b, 136c, respectively.
  • the constricted portions 132a, 132b, 132c constituting the injection openings 136a, 136b, 136c are formed in the first injection opening plate 131, and the expanded portions 135a, 135b, 135c are formed by the second injection opening plate 134 that has been formed by press working. Therefore, the injection openings 136a, 136b, 136c can easily and inexpensively be fabricated, and cost reduction is made possible. At the same time, the degree of freedom in fabrication improves, so that the shape of injection openings can be optimized in accordance with the aptitude of the fuel injection device.
  • the heat conductivity of the second injection opening plate 134 is set smaller than the heat conductivity of the first injection opening plate 131, heat of the second injection opening plate 134 is less likely to be transmitted to the first injection opening plate 131, and the deposit due to the high temperature of the injection openings 136a ? 136b, 136c can be restrained.
  • the distal end portion of the injector is provided with three injection openings each of which is along a direction inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the center axis of the needle valve
  • the angles of inclination and the number of the injection openings may be appropriately set in accordance with the configuration or the internal combustion engine, the shape of the combustion chamber, the fitting position of the injector, etc., and are not limited by the embodiments.
  • the engine is an in-cylinder injection internal combustion engine in which fuel is injected directly into the combustion chambers, substantially the same operation and effects as mentioned above will be achieved if the invention is applied to a port injection internal combustion engine in which fuel is injected into an intake port.
  • each injection opening is provided with a constricted portion and an expanded portion so as to restrain the deposit in and around the injection openings and therefore improve the combustion.
  • the fuel injection device in accordance with the invention is suitable for use in any kind of internal combustion engine.
  • each expanded portion may gradually expand from the most downstream end of the constricted portion toward the outside.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une plaque d'ouvertures d'injection (43), dans laquelle sont formées des ouvertures d'injection (44a, 44b, 44c), qui est fixée à une partie d'extrémité distale du corps de soupape (42) d'un injecteur (33). Un pointeau de soupape (48) est supporté de façon mobile dans un corps de soupape (42). La communication entre une quatrième voie de passage de carburant (62) et des ouvertures d'injection (44a, 44b, 44c) est établie par le pointeau de soupape (48) de sorte que le carburant puisse être injecté dans une chambre de combustion (16). Chaque ouverture d'injection (44a, 44b, 44c) est construite d'une partie restreinte (71a, 71b, 71c) qui communique avec la quatrième voie de passage de carburant (62) et qui possède une forme effilée avec un diamètre de voie de passage qui diminue vers le côté d'extrémité avant, et une partie élargie (72a, 72b, 72c) dont le diamètre de voie de passage est supérieur à celui de la partie restreinte (71a, 71b, 71c) et est constant dans la direction de l'axe, et qui communique avec la chambre de combustion (16).
PCT/IB2006/003782 2005-12-28 2006-12-27 Dispositif d'injection de carburant WO2007074385A2 (fr)

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JP2005379622A JP2007177766A (ja) 2005-12-28 2005-12-28 燃料噴射装置
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Cited By (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2968720A1 (fr) * 2010-12-09 2012-06-15 Continental Automotive France Injecteur, notamment pour l'injection multipoints de carburant dans un moteur a combustion interne
WO2014022624A1 (fr) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Ciblage d'une sortie de combustible en dirigeant en dehors de l'axe des jets de sortie de buse
WO2014022646A1 (fr) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Injecteurs de combustible ayant une face de sortie de buse non matricée en trois dimensions
EP2880301A1 (fr) * 2012-08-01 2015-06-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Buses d'injecteur de carburant présentant au moins un port d'entrée multiple et/ou un port de sortie multiple
US9664160B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2017-05-30 Hyundai Kefico Corporation Vehicular high pressure direct injection type injector with valve seat body for fuel-atomization
US10519915B2 (en) 2014-02-12 2019-12-31 Enplas Corporation Fuel injection device nozzle plate
US10590899B2 (en) 2012-08-01 2020-03-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Fuel injectors with improved coefficient of fuel discharge

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KR101198805B1 (ko) 2010-12-02 2012-11-07 현대자동차주식회사 차량용 인젝터
DE102012221713A1 (de) * 2012-11-28 2014-05-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Einspritzventil
JP6294434B2 (ja) * 2016-11-04 2018-03-14 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 燃料噴射弁の製造方法

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WO1997008453A1 (fr) * 1995-08-23 1997-03-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de carburant
EP1293257A1 (fr) * 2000-06-20 2003-03-19 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Dispositif et procede d'ejection de gouttelettes de liquide
WO2004076851A1 (fr) * 2003-02-25 2004-09-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de carburant
WO2005010349A1 (fr) * 2003-07-02 2005-02-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de carburant et son procede de fabrication
WO2005021957A1 (fr) * 2003-08-22 2005-03-10 Daimlerchrysler Ag Soupape d'injection de carburant
US20060096569A1 (en) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-11 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Low pressure fuel injector nozzle

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WO1997008453A1 (fr) * 1995-08-23 1997-03-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de carburant
EP1293257A1 (fr) * 2000-06-20 2003-03-19 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Dispositif et procede d'ejection de gouttelettes de liquide
WO2004076851A1 (fr) * 2003-02-25 2004-09-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de carburant
WO2005010349A1 (fr) * 2003-07-02 2005-02-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de carburant et son procede de fabrication
WO2005021957A1 (fr) * 2003-08-22 2005-03-10 Daimlerchrysler Ag Soupape d'injection de carburant
US20060096569A1 (en) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-11 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Low pressure fuel injector nozzle

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2968720A1 (fr) * 2010-12-09 2012-06-15 Continental Automotive France Injecteur, notamment pour l'injection multipoints de carburant dans un moteur a combustion interne
WO2014022624A1 (fr) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Ciblage d'une sortie de combustible en dirigeant en dehors de l'axe des jets de sortie de buse
WO2014022646A1 (fr) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Injecteurs de combustible ayant une face de sortie de buse non matricée en trois dimensions
EP2880301A1 (fr) * 2012-08-01 2015-06-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Buses d'injecteur de carburant présentant au moins un port d'entrée multiple et/ou un port de sortie multiple
CN104736834A (zh) * 2012-08-01 2015-06-24 3M创新有限公司 通过偏轴引导喷嘴输出料流而使燃料输出定向
CN104813019A (zh) * 2012-08-01 2015-07-29 3M创新有限公司 具有非铸造的三维喷嘴出口面的燃料喷射器
US20150211458A1 (en) * 2012-08-01 2015-07-30 3M Innovative Properties Company Targeting of fuel output by off-axis directing of nozzle output streams
US10590899B2 (en) 2012-08-01 2020-03-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Fuel injectors with improved coefficient of fuel discharge
US9664160B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2017-05-30 Hyundai Kefico Corporation Vehicular high pressure direct injection type injector with valve seat body for fuel-atomization
US10519915B2 (en) 2014-02-12 2019-12-31 Enplas Corporation Fuel injection device nozzle plate

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JP2007177766A (ja) 2007-07-12

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