WO2007054705A1 - Procede pour fixer une armoire sur une surface de sol - Google Patents

Procede pour fixer une armoire sur une surface de sol Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007054705A1
WO2007054705A1 PCT/GB2006/004191 GB2006004191W WO2007054705A1 WO 2007054705 A1 WO2007054705 A1 WO 2007054705A1 GB 2006004191 W GB2006004191 W GB 2006004191W WO 2007054705 A1 WO2007054705 A1 WO 2007054705A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
foundation frame
mountable unit
surface mountable
cabinet
fixing material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2006/004191
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Clements
Alan Benson
Original Assignee
Becatech Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Becatech Ltd filed Critical Becatech Ltd
Priority to US12/093,451 priority Critical patent/US20090151297A1/en
Publication of WO2007054705A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007054705A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B1/00—Frameworks, boards, panels, desks, casings; Details of substations or switching arrangements
    • H02B1/26—Casings; Parts thereof or accessories therefor
    • H02B1/50—Pedestal- or pad-mounted casings; Parts thereof or accessories therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/01—Flat foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for attaching a surface mountable unit such as a telemetry cabinet and the like onto a ground surface, as well as a ground surface mounting system and elements used in the system.
  • Heavy-duty cabinets for example telemetry, telephone, broadband, gas and electricity cabinets are widely used for example on roadsides and beside reservoirs to house and protect their contents from the external environment and from tampering.
  • cabinets are constructed in one piece from a metal for example galvanised steel. These cabinets are generally fixed to the ground by bolting them onto either an existing base or a base which is prepared to provide a foundation for the cabinet.
  • An improved method for attaching a surface mountable unit to a ground surface is therefore desirable.
  • the present invention provides a method for attaching a surface mountable unit to a ground surface, said method comprising (i) fixing a foundation frame, an upper portion of which is attachable to said surface mountable unit to the ground surface, and (ii) attaching the surface mountable unit to the upper portion of the foundation frame.
  • the surface mountable unit is modular and is either completely or partially assembled on site just prior to attachment in step (ii) , or may be attached in sections to the upper portion of the foundation frame, and then sections connected together.
  • Using a modular surface mountable unit is very advantageous because whilst the final structure, once built, is strong, storing, transportation and installation is much easier and cheaper.
  • surface mountable unit shall be taken to mean any item which needs to be fixed to a ground surface for example, telemetry, telephone, broadband, gas or electricity cabinets, post, lampposts, road signs, gate posts or speed cameras etc.
  • ground surface generally refers to the ground, including for example a pavement, road or other surfaced area as well as earth or soil surfaces.
  • a base portion of the foundation frame is fixed to the ground surface by bolts or screws, in particular where the ground surface comprises a made surface such as a pavement or road.
  • the foundation frame may be fixed to the ground surface by any other suitable means, for example by fixing a base portion of the foundation frame in a settable fixing material.
  • settable fixing material refers to any construction material, which is pourable initially, but which sets to form a rigid construction solid. Examples include cement and concrete including quick setting concretes and concrete formulations.
  • surface mountable units may have been fixed to a base or support plinth, in particular a concrete base or support plinth, specifically prepared to provide a foundation for the surface mountable unit.
  • Such concrete bases however have to be laid at least seven days before a surface mountable unit can be installed. This is because concrete takes a minimum of seven days to become solid enough to be drilled.
  • the method suitably comprises encasing the lower portion of the foundation frame in a settable fixing material used to form the base, leaving an upper portion projecting above the level of the fixing material .
  • shuttering means arranged to define the boundaries of the base or support plinth for said surface mountable unit, around the foundation frame to form an area into which a settable fixing material can be poured.
  • the shuttering means can be removed after the fixing material has set.
  • the method preferably comprises, before step (i), forming an aperture in the ground surface which is of a size and shape sufficient to accommodate the foundation frame .
  • step (i) the foundation frame is preferably fixed to the ground surface by placing the foundation frame into said aperture and pouring a settable fixing material into said aperture so as to encase the lower portion of the foundation frame and leave said upper portion projecting above the level of the fixing material.
  • the settable fixing material is allowed to set between steps (i) and (ii) .
  • steps (i) and (ii) there is no need to wait significant periods of time to allow the fixing material to set sufficiently to allow drilling thereof. This is therefore advantageous in that is saves time and therefore money.
  • the aperture is of a sufficient size to accommodate the shuttering means, arranged to define the boundaries of a support plinth for said surface mountable unit, and where said shuttering means are applied around the foundation frame before the settable fixing material is poured into the aperture.
  • the foundation frame is levelled in the aperture before any shuttering means are applied around the foundation frame.
  • the shuttering system is ideally self-aligning in both height and distance. Ideally the shuttering means are removed after the fixing material is set. Once the shuttering means have been removed any residual gaps between the ground and a support plinth formed by the set fixing material are preferably filled in.
  • a ground surface mounting system comprising (a) a foundation frame and (b) a surface mountable unit, for use in a method as described above.
  • the foundation frame may be of any three-dimensional shape that has a lower portion, which can be fixed to a ground surface and an upper portion to which the surface mountable unit can be fixed.
  • the frame may have integral upper and lower portions.
  • the frame may therefore be constructed as a single unit or alternatively may be formed by fixing together a number of parts to form an integral frame before use.
  • At least the lower portion of the frame is of a shape so as to allow it to be easily positioned on the ground or. in an aperture in a level manner. In use, this can be established using a spirit level placed on top of the frame .
  • the upper portion of the foundation frame may comprise a unit support platform, which is arranged to support the surface mountable unit, and in particular is substantially horizontal.
  • the centre of the unit support platform contains an aperture, so the unit support platform defines a framework support for the surface mounted unit.
  • the lower portion of the foundation frame suitably comprises one or more sidewalls, which form a skirt region extending downwardly from the unit support platform.
  • the skirt region most preferably comprises at least one opening therein.
  • the sidewalls extend downwardly from near or at the perimeter of the unit support platform.
  • the base defined within the sidewalls is substantially open.
  • the foundation frame further comprises a ground-engaging flange which preferably extends at least partially around the perimeter of the sidewalls but most preferably extends fully around the perimeter of the sidewalls.
  • the ground-engaging flange lies in a plane, which is substantially parallel, and preferably parallel, to the plane in which the unit support platform lies.
  • the foundation frame in use may be fixed to a ground surface using bolts, nails or other fixing means which extend through the ground-engaging flange into the ground.
  • the flange therefore preferably comprises fixing apertures.
  • the surface mountable unit and/or the foundation frame may further comprise attachment means by which the surface mountable unit can be attached to the upper portion of the foundation frame.
  • the upper portion of the foundation frame comprises an upwardly projecting flange or lip, which is attachable to the surface mountable unit for example by bolts or the like.
  • Fixing apertures may be provided in the flange and/or corresponding apertures provided in the surface mountable unit for easy assembly of the system.
  • the upwardly projecting flange extends at least partially around, and preferably fully around the unit support platform.
  • the profile of the flange suitably corresponds to that of the surface mountable unit.
  • the foundation frame is shaped to be readily fixed into an aperture, which has been made in the ground.
  • the foundation frame is most preferably shaped to ensure that when a lower portion of it is encased in a settable fixing material, it is difficult to remove it from the encasing material and/or an aperture into which the foundation frame has been placed.
  • the foundation frame has at least one aperture, preferably in the lower portion thereof, which is arranged to allow settable fixing material to flow through and encase said lower portion.
  • the foundation frame may have one or more projections, preferably on the lower portion therefore, which in use may be encased by the settable fixing material.
  • the foundation frame has a plurality of openings in a lower portion thereof, which are arranged to allow settable fixing material to flow through and fully encase said lower portion.
  • fixing material is added to the aperture containing the foundation frame so as to fill the foundation frame to substantially the level of the unit support platform.
  • the upper surface of the support platform can then be used as a guide for levelling the fixing material and thus defining the upper surface of the support plinth.
  • the upwardly projecting flange is located between the inner and outer edges of the platform region so that the section of the platform region innermost of the flange provides a levelling guide for the fixing material within the area defined by the flange.
  • a levelling tool of flange depth which is locatable within the aperture defined by the flange, is used to scrape away excess fixable material and accomplish a level finish.
  • the ground-engaging flange preferably extends outwardly of the sidewalls, and ensures that in use the frame is held in a spaced relationship from the sides of the aperture.
  • other types of spacing means may be provided in order to ensure that the frame is held in a spaced relationship from the sides of the aperture, for example lateral projections or the like.
  • the foundation frame is constructed of a strong corrosion resistant metal such as galvanised or stainless steel, so that it can act as a reinforcing means for the plinth.
  • the foundation frame is constructed in one piece, but modular foundation frames, which may be constructed on site, for example using conventional bolts, where for instance, the frame is of a significant size or weight which would make handling difficult, may be provided in the event that the frame is too big.
  • the ground surface mounting system further comprises a shuttering means, adapted to surround the foundation frame and thereby define an enclosed area into which fixing material can be poured.
  • the shuttering means may be attachable to the foundation frame, for instance to the ground- engaging flange, for example using pins or a retaining flange, but may be free standing and extending around the ground- engaging flange. In use, once the fixing material has set, the shuttering means can be removed.
  • the shuttering means is modular in nature and comprises more than one, for example four, interlocking shutters. Such an arrangement is particularly suitable, as it means that the shuttering means can be constructed on site, and more importantly, deconstructed for removal once the fixing material has set.
  • the shutters may be fixed together for example using bolts or more preferably, readily detachable locking means such as drop latch or pin fixing bolts such as AntiLuce fasteners.
  • These fixings utilise a latch and wedge system, whereby introduction of a wedge shaped pin into a latch interlocking two elements allows those elements to be held together firmly depending upon how far the wedge shaped pin is introduced.
  • These fastenings may be provided at the end of a pole, which may be arranged to attach two or more shutter sections together. However, removal of the wedge shaped pin means that the elements can be detached simply by allowing the latch to become detached.
  • the surface mountable unit is attachable to the upper portion of the foundation frame, using for example bolts, and most preferably secret bolting.
  • secret bolting refers to arrangements for fixing or bolting sections together which, once formed, are not readily visible or accessible, or are concealed. Various forms of such bolting arrangements are known in the art, and are illustrated hereinafter.
  • the surface mountable unit is a cabinet for example a telemetry, telephone, broadband, gas or electricity cabinet.
  • the upper portion of the foundation frame, and in particular the upwardly projecting flange, is sized to fit the cabinet and is most preferably rectangular in plan view.
  • the cabinet may be constructed in one piece, but is more preferably a modular or "flat-pack" system of sections, which can be constructed to form a cabinet.
  • the flat pack cabinet comprises a back wall section, two side wall sections, two doors and a roof section.
  • the cabinet is most preferably arranged such that each section is of a weight which two people, but preferably one person can carry.
  • the cabinet is constructed from a metal for example galvanised or stainless steel.
  • the sections of the cabinet are arranged to be fixed together to form a complete cabinet by means of secret or concealed bolts.
  • the sections therefore preferably comprise a folded back edge around their perimeters via which each section can be fixed to another section or the unit support platform.
  • Modular or flat-pack telemetry cabinets are also novel and form a further aspect of the invention.
  • a foundation frame for use in a ground surface mounting system and in a method for attaching a surface mountable unit onto a ground surface as described above.
  • a surface mountable unit for use in a ground surface mounting system and in a method for attaching a surface mountable unit onto a ground surface as described above.
  • the surface mountable unit is a cabinet, such as a telemetry cabinet.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view from above of a foundation frame of the system of the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a perspective view from above of a foundation frame of the system of the invention with shuttering means in position;
  • Figure 3 shows a front view of an embodiment of the system of the invention comprising a surface mounted telemetry cabinet, positioned in an aperture in a surface;
  • Figure 4 shows a side view of the system of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 shows a plan view of the apparatus system of Figures 1 and 2;
  • Figure 6 shows a close up view demonstrating the concealed bolting used on a cabinet.
  • Figure 7 shows a close up plan view demonstrating the concealed bolting used to connect walls of a cabinet.
  • the system of the invention comprises a foundation frame 2 an example of which is shown in figures 1 and 2. It can be seen from Figure 1 that the foundation frame 2 has integral upper and lower portions (12,24). This embodiment is adapted to accommodate a rectangular cabinet and therefore is generally rectangular in shape. However the foundation frame and cabinet may be of any other suitable shape.
  • the foundation frame 2 shown comprises a support platform region 12, which in use forms a substantially horizontal cabinet support surface of the foundation frame 2.
  • the support platform region 12 is sized to accommodate the base of a cabinet 4 as shown in figures 3 to 5.
  • the centre of the cabinet support platform 12 is open providing an aperture 18.
  • the flange 20 comprises a plurality of fixing apertures 22 to which the cabinet 4 is removably attachable to the flange 20, using for example bolts, and most preferably secret bolting.
  • the foundation frame 2 also comprises a support skirt 14, which extends downwardly from the perimeter of the cabinet support platform 12.
  • the support skirt 14 comprises a plurality of apertures 16 which allow passage of fixing material such as concrete through the support skirt 14 and so encase the lower portion of the foundation frame 2 during use.
  • the foundation frame 2 also comprises a ground-engaging foot 24, which extends at substantially right angles to the skirt 14. Most preferably the ground-engaging foot 24 lies in a parallel plane to the plane of the cabinet support platform region 12.
  • the foundation frame 2 is constructed in one piece from metal for example galvanized steel.
  • the system also comprises shuttering means 26 ( Figure 2) .
  • the shuttering means 26 may be attachable to the ground-engaging foot 24, by means of a retaining lip 28 which is arranged to wedge the shuttering means in position, but this is optional and may be omitted.
  • the shuttering means 26 are arranged so that when in position they form an enclosed area which defines boundaries of the ultimate support plinth for the cabinet.
  • the shuttering means 26 are suitably provided in modular form and in particular as four separate wall sections, connectable together using a connecting bar 27 and AntiLuce fixings 29.
  • an aperture 6 into which the foundation frame 2 and the shuttering means 26 can be placed is found or dug.
  • a base of the aperture 6 is levelled, possibly with the addition of rubble, hardcore or other foundation materials.
  • the foundation frame 2 is then placed in the aperture with its ground engaging foot 24 in contact with the base of the aperture 6.
  • the foundation frame 2 is then moved manually until the cabinet support platform 12 is substantially horizontal as can be judged using a spirit level placed on top of the flange 20.
  • the open framework structure makes levelling operation relatively easy, in particular on a moveable base material such as hardcore.
  • Shuttering means 26 if not attached, is then positioned or constructed around the foundation frame 2.
  • the upper surface of the concrete is then levelled both inside and outside the flange 20 using the support platform region 12 as a levelling guide.
  • pipework or cable supports can be introduced into the aperture in the ground before addition of the concrete. If these are arranged to project upwards through the aperture 18, they can later be used to carry wiring or the like into the cabinet 4.
  • a cabinet 4 can be attached to the flange 20. This is preferably done once the concrete has set, but there is no need to allow it to undergo extensive setting, as no concrete drilling operations are required at this stage. Therefore it may be carried out on the same day, avoiding the need for workmen to return to a particular site on more than one occasion.
  • the cabinet can be attached to the flange prior to the addition of the concrete, although this may be inconvenient if levelling is required.
  • the aperture 18 will be filled with concrete to provide a base wall of the cabinet 4.
  • FIG. 3 A reinforced concrete plinth (the top surface of which has been indicated by dotted line 10 in figure 3) has been formed, with a portion of the foundation frame 2 below the surface level 10 of the concrete and a flange 20 of the frame 2 above the surface level 10 of the concrete.
  • the cabinet 4 is attached to the flange 20.
  • the shutters 26 are preferably covered with a chemical such as a detergent, before addition of the concrete.
  • a chemical such as a detergent
  • the cabinet 4 may be constructed in one piece, but is more preferably a flat-pack system of sections, which can be constructed to form a cabinet 4.
  • the flat pack cabinet comprises a back wall section 30, two side wall sections 32, 34, two doors 36, 38 and a roof section 40.
  • the sections 30,32,42,36,38 and 40 of the cabinet 4 are arranged to be fixed together and to the flange 20 by means of concealed bolts 42, for example as shown in figure 6.
  • the sections 30,32,42,36,38 and 40 therefore preferably comprise a folded back edge 46 around their perimeters via which each section 30,32,42,36,38 and 40 can be fixed to another section 30,32,42,36,38 and 40 or the cabinet support platform 12.
  • Most preferably fixed nuts 48 are used to simplify construction and help prevent loss of parts.
  • Sealing strips 50 for example butyl strips may also be used to help seal the cabinet after construction is completed.
  • the folded back edge 46 on the back wall section 30 may serve another purpose in securing a secondary wall to the inside of the cabinet 4.
  • a board for example plywood, and most preferably waterproof plywood, can be slid into the natural lip provided by the folded back section 46.
  • This secondary wall is useful for attaching for example electrical or telecommunications components, to the inside wall of the cabinet which would otherwise be difficult with a metal cabinet 4.
  • the illustrated system provides a convenient and efficient system for installing many types of surface mountable units.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour fixer une unité montable en surface sur une surface de sol, ledit procédé comprenant (i) la fixation d'un châssis de base dont une partie supérieure peut être fixée à ladite unité montable en surface sur la surface de sol, et (ii) la fixation de l'unité montable en surface à la partie supérieure du châssis de base. Des systèmes comprenant des combinaisons de châssis de base et d'unités et éléments montables en surface à utiliser dans ce contexte font également l'objet de la description et des revendications.
PCT/GB2006/004191 2005-11-12 2006-11-10 Procede pour fixer une armoire sur une surface de sol WO2007054705A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/093,451 US20090151297A1 (en) 2005-11-12 2006-11-10 Method for attaching a cabinet to a ground surface

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0523111.3 2005-11-12
GB0523111A GB2427882B (en) 2005-11-12 2005-11-12 Fixing system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007054705A1 true WO2007054705A1 (fr) 2007-05-18

Family

ID=35516834

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2006/004191 WO2007054705A1 (fr) 2005-11-12 2006-11-10 Procede pour fixer une armoire sur une surface de sol

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20090151297A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2427882B (fr)
WO (1) WO2007054705A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104411079A (zh) * 2014-11-15 2015-03-11 国家电网公司 一种静电消除的培训柜
CN105275215A (zh) * 2015-07-13 2016-01-27 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司 一种预装式电气房内用电气设备安装装置及其安装方法
CN110970806A (zh) * 2018-09-29 2020-04-07 句容市江电电器机械有限公司 一种便于拆装的配电柜

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD908649S1 (en) * 2019-03-22 2021-01-26 Abb Schweiz Ag Equipment for distribution of electric power
CN113078574A (zh) * 2021-05-19 2021-07-06 安徽龙和电力集团有限公司 光伏用高压低压预装式变电站

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2220899A1 (en) * 1973-03-09 1974-10-04 Hamon Henri Protective fire-proof kiosk for electric equipment - has separate walls, roof and concrete fillable base all bolted together
DE3319330A1 (de) * 1983-05-27 1984-11-29 Südwestfunk, Anstalt des öffentlichen Rechts, 7570 Baden-Baden Antennenanlage, insbesondere fuer fuellsender und empfangsstationen
DE3926146A1 (de) * 1989-08-08 1991-02-21 Werner Goekeler Vorrichtung
JPH08338030A (ja) * 1995-06-14 1996-12-24 Kawamura Electric Inc 支持台
US5911117A (en) * 1995-07-19 1999-06-08 Pcs Solutions, Llc Service protection enclosure for and method of constructing a remote wireless telecommunication site

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US4307436A (en) * 1979-10-04 1981-12-22 Daniel Woodhead, Inc. Power distribution center
FR2575503B1 (fr) * 1984-12-28 1987-10-30 Rousseau Victor Procede de fabrication de constructions, et constructions realisees par sa mise en oeuvre
GB2267102B (en) * 1992-05-19 1996-05-29 Gary Martin Price Improvements in or relating to post supports
GB2276892A (en) * 1993-04-07 1994-10-12 David Chapman Anchoring posts to ground
DE19824805C2 (de) * 1998-06-03 2002-06-27 Quante Ag Bodenrahmen und Telefonhäuschen mit einem Bodenrahmen
GB2358414A (en) * 1999-12-24 2001-07-25 Woodhouse Uk Plc Street furniture

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2220899A1 (en) * 1973-03-09 1974-10-04 Hamon Henri Protective fire-proof kiosk for electric equipment - has separate walls, roof and concrete fillable base all bolted together
DE3319330A1 (de) * 1983-05-27 1984-11-29 Südwestfunk, Anstalt des öffentlichen Rechts, 7570 Baden-Baden Antennenanlage, insbesondere fuer fuellsender und empfangsstationen
DE3926146A1 (de) * 1989-08-08 1991-02-21 Werner Goekeler Vorrichtung
JPH08338030A (ja) * 1995-06-14 1996-12-24 Kawamura Electric Inc 支持台
US5911117A (en) * 1995-07-19 1999-06-08 Pcs Solutions, Llc Service protection enclosure for and method of constructing a remote wireless telecommunication site

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104411079A (zh) * 2014-11-15 2015-03-11 国家电网公司 一种静电消除的培训柜
CN105275215A (zh) * 2015-07-13 2016-01-27 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司 一种预装式电气房内用电气设备安装装置及其安装方法
CN105275215B (zh) * 2015-07-13 2019-02-22 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司 一种预装式电气房内用电气设备安装装置及其安装方法
CN110970806A (zh) * 2018-09-29 2020-04-07 句容市江电电器机械有限公司 一种便于拆装的配电柜

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20090151297A1 (en) 2009-06-18
GB2427882A (en) 2007-01-10
GB0523111D0 (en) 2005-12-21
GB2427882B (en) 2007-06-13

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