WO2007050352A1 - Huiles de lubrification ameliorees destinees a des moteurs a deux temps - Google Patents

Huiles de lubrification ameliorees destinees a des moteurs a deux temps Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007050352A1
WO2007050352A1 PCT/US2006/040424 US2006040424W WO2007050352A1 WO 2007050352 A1 WO2007050352 A1 WO 2007050352A1 US 2006040424 W US2006040424 W US 2006040424W WO 2007050352 A1 WO2007050352 A1 WO 2007050352A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
base oil
gtl base
cst
gtl
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2006/040424
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jacob J. Habeeb
Paul J. Berlowitz
Richard A. Mcevoy
Daniel F. Ryan
Original Assignee
Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company filed Critical Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company
Priority to EP06817008A priority Critical patent/EP1951851A1/fr
Priority to BRPI0617637-2A priority patent/BRPI0617637A2/pt
Priority to AU2006306546A priority patent/AU2006306546A1/en
Priority to JP2008536722A priority patent/JP2009512757A/ja
Priority to CA002626559A priority patent/CA2626559A1/fr
Publication of WO2007050352A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007050352A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/10—Lubricating oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
    • C10M2205/163—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
    • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/50—Emission or smoke controlling properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
    • C10N2040/26—Two-strokes or two-cycle engines

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a lubricant composition useful as a two-stroke engine lubricating oil. More particularly, this invention relates to a two-stroke lubricating oil characterized by its reduced smoke generation characteristics.
  • Two-stroke gasoline engines have found widespread use in a wide variety of garden and recreational equipment.
  • two-stroke engines are used in lawn mowers, chain saws, string trimmers, mopeds, snowmobiles and outboard marine motors to mention a few.
  • Two-stroke gasoline engines are operated using a mixture of gasoline and a lubricant in prescribed proportions.
  • Two-stroke engine lubricants are typically formulated with a lubricating mineral oil or synthetic base oil, a variety of additives to enhance performance characteristics and a solvent to enhance the miscibility of the lubricant with gasoline.
  • the present invention is predicated on the discovery that a two-stroke engine oil that comprises a major amount of a GTL base oil has a smoke index greater than about 75.
  • one embodiment of the invention is a two-stroke engine oil composition
  • a two-stroke engine oil composition comprising a major amount of a GTL lubricating base oil and an effective amount of at least one additive selected from the group consisting of extreme pressure additives, anti-foaming agents, pour point depressants, rust inhibition, antioxidants, detergents, dispersants and hydrocarbon solvents.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is a method for reducing observable smoke emitted from a two-stroke gasoline engine by using a lubricant comprising a GTL base oil.
  • the GTL base oils according to the invention are materials of lubricating viscosity that are generally derived from hydrocarbons, for example, waxy synthesized hydrocarbons, that are themselves derived from simpler gaseous carbon-containing compounds, hydrogen-containing compounds and/or elements as feedstocks.
  • GTL base stocks and base oils include wax isomerates, comprising, for example, hydroisomerized or isodewaxed synthesized waxy hydrocarbons, hydroisomerized or isodewaxed Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) material (i.e., hydrocarbons, waxy hydrocarbons, waxes and analogous oxygenates), preferably hydroisomerized or isodewaxed F-T waxy hydrocarbons, or hydroisomerized or isodewaxed synthesized waxes, or mixtures thereof.
  • F-T Fischer-Tropsch
  • GTL base stocks and base oils derived from GTL materials are characterized typically as having kinematic viscosities at 100 0 C of from about 2 cSt to about 50 cSt, preferably from about 3 cSt to about 30 cSt, more preferably from about 3.5 cSt to about 25 cSt, as exemplified by a GTL base stock derived by the isodewaxing of F-T wax, which has a kinematic viscosity of about 4 cSt at 100 0 C and a viscosity index of about 130 or greater.
  • Reference herein to kinematic viscosity refers to a measurement made by ASTM method D445.
  • GTL base stocks and base oils derived from GTL materials are further characterized typically as having pour points of about -5 0 C or lower, preferably about -10 0 C or lower, more preferably about -15°C or lower, still more preferably about -20 0 C or lower, and under some conditions may have advantageous pour points of about -25 0 C or lower, with useful pour points of about -30 0 C to about -40 0 C or lower.
  • pour point refer to measurement made by ASTM D97 and similar automated versions.
  • the GTL base stocks and base oils derived from GTL materials, especially hydroisomerized/isodewaxed F-T material derived base stocks and base oils are also characterized typically as having viscosity indices of 80 or greater, preferably 100 or greater, and more preferably 120 or greater. Additionally, in certain particular instances, viscosity index of these base stocks may be preferably 130 or greater, more preferably 135 or greater, and even more preferably 140 or greater.
  • GTL base stocks and base oils that derived from GTL materials preferably F-T materials especially F-T wax generally have a viscosity index of 130 or greater. References herein to viscosity index refer to ASTM method D2270.
  • GTL base stocks and base oils are typically highly paraffinic (>90% saturates), and may contain mixtures of monocycloparaffins and multicycloparaffins in combination with non-cyclic isoparaffms.
  • the ratio of the naphthenic (i.e., cycloparaffin) content in such combinations varies with the catalyst and temperature used.
  • GTL base stocks and base oils typically have very low sulfur and nitrogen content, generally containing less than about 10 ppm, and more typically less than about 5 ppm of each of these elements.
  • the sulfur and nitrogen content of GTL base stock and base oil obtained by the hydroisomerization/isodewaxing of F-T material, especially F-T wax is essentially nil.
  • the GTL material is a material derived from the F-T synthesis process.
  • a synthesis gas comprising a mixture of H2 and CO is catalytically converted into hydrocarbons and preferably liquid hydrocarbons.
  • the mole ratio of the hydrogen to the carbon monoxide may broadly range from about 0.5 to 4, but which is more typically within the range of from about 0.7 to 2.75 and preferably from about 0.7 to 2.5.
  • F-T synthesis processes include processes in which the catalyst is in the form of a fixed bed, a fluidized bed or as a slurry of catalyst particles in a hydrocarbon slurry liquid.
  • the stoichiometric mole ratio for a F-T synthesis reaction is 2.0, but there are many reasons for using other than a stoichiometric ratio as those skilled in the art know.
  • the feed mole ratio of the H2 to CO is typically about
  • the synthesis gas comprising a mixture of H2 and CO is bubbled up into the bottom of the slurry and reacts in the presence of the particulate F-T synthesis catalyst in the slurry liquid at conditions effective to form hydrocarbons, a portion of which are liquid at the reaction conditions and which comprise the hydrocarbon slurry liquid.
  • the synthesized hydrocarbon liquid is separated from the catalyst particles as filtrate by means such as filtration, although other separation means such as centrifugation can be used. Some of the synthesized hydrocarbons pass out the top of the hydrocarbon synthesis reactor as vapor, along with unreacted synthesis gas and other gaseous reaction products. Some of these overhead hydrocarbon vapors are typically condensed to liquid and combined with the hydrocarbon liquid filtrate.
  • the initial boiling point of the filtrate may vary depending on whether or not some of the condensed hydrocarbon vapors have been combined with it.
  • Slurry hydrocarbon synthesis process conditions vary somewhat depending on the catalyst and desired products. Typical conditions effective to form hydrocarbons comprising mostly C5+ paraffins, (e.g., C5+-C200) and preferably CjQ+ paraffins, in a slurry hydrocarbon synthesis process employing a catalyst comprising a supported cobalt component include, for example, temperatures, pressures and hourly gas space velocities in the range of from about 320-850 0 F, 80-600 psi and 100- 40,000 V/hr/V, expressed as standard volumes of the gaseous CO and H 2 mixture (O 0 C, 1 atm) per hour per volume of catalyst, respectively.
  • the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction be conducted under conditions in which limited or no water gas shift reaction occurs and more preferably with no water gas shift reaction occurring during the hydrocarbon synthesis. It is also preferred to conduct the reaction under conditions to achieve an alpha of at least 0.85, preferably at least 0.9 and more preferably at least 0.92, so as to synthesize more of the more desirable higher molecular weight hydrocarbons. This has been achieved in a slurry process using a catalyst containing a catalytic cobalt component. Those skilled in the art know that by alpha is meant the Schultz- Flory kinetic alpha.
  • suitable F-T reaction types of catalyst comprise, for example, one or more Group VIII catalytic metals such as Fe, Ni, Co, Ru and Re
  • the catalyst comprise a cobalt catalytic component.
  • the catalyst comprises catalytically effective amounts of Co and one or more of Re, Ru, Fe, Ni, Th, Zr, Hf, U, Mg and La on a suitable inorganic support material, preferably one which comprises one or more refractory metal oxides.
  • Preferred supports for Co containing catalysts comprise titania, particularly.
  • Useful catalysts and their preparation are known and illustrative, but nonlimiting examples may be found, for example, in U.S. Patents 4,568,663; 4,663,305; 4,542,122; 4,621,072 and 5,545,674.
  • the F-T waxy material is one having an initial boiling point in the range of from about 65O 0 F to 700 0 F and preferably boils continuously up to an end point of at least 1050 0 F.
  • the waxy material is hydroprocessed to produce a GTL base oil.
  • Such hydroprocessing techniques are well known in the art.
  • other isomerization catalysts and processes for hydrocracking/ hydroisomerized/isodewaxing GTL materials and/or waxy materials to base stock or base oil are described, for example, in U.S.
  • the GTL base oil comprises a major amount of the total composition of the invention. Typically, it will comprise greater than about 55 volume percent of the composition and preferably greater than about 60 volume percent of the composition.
  • the lubricating composition of the invention includes two-stroke engine performance additives known in the art and selected from the group consisting of extreme pressure additives, anti-foaming agents, pour point depressants, rust inhibitors, antioxidants, detergents, dispersants and hydrocarbon solvents.
  • extreme pressure additives such as extreme pressure additives, anti-foaming agents, pour point depressants, rust inhibitors, antioxidants, detergents, dispersants and hydrocarbon solvents.
  • Such additives are used in effective amounts, typically in the range of about 0.1 weight percent to about 15.0 weight percent based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the lubricating composition When mixed in an effective amount with gasoline and fed to an operating two-stroke engine, the lubricating composition results in engine emissions having reduced observable smoke. Indeed, use of the compositions of the invention will provide engine emissions having a smoke index greater than about 75 as measured by the JASO M 342-92 test. This test was established by the Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan (JSAE) for two-stroke engines and published by the Japan Automotive Standards Organization (JASO). [024] The examples which follow serve to illustrate the invention.
  • the smoke index for the comparative conventional composition was found to be 65, while that for the Example composition was found to be significantly better at 78.

Abstract

L'indice de fumée d'un moteur à deux temps est amélioré par emploi d'une huile moteur, destinée à un moteur à deux temps, contenant une quantité majeure d'une huile à base GTL (gaz vers liquides).
PCT/US2006/040424 2005-10-21 2006-10-17 Huiles de lubrification ameliorees destinees a des moteurs a deux temps WO2007050352A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06817008A EP1951851A1 (fr) 2005-10-21 2006-10-17 Huiles de lubrification ameliorees destinees a des moteurs a deux temps
BRPI0617637-2A BRPI0617637A2 (pt) 2005-10-21 2006-10-17 óleo de motor a gasolina de dois tempos, método para reduzir a fumaça observável emitida de um motor a gasolina de dois tempos, e, uso de um lubrificante
AU2006306546A AU2006306546A1 (en) 2005-10-21 2006-10-17 Improvements in two-stroke lubricating oils
JP2008536722A JP2009512757A (ja) 2005-10-21 2006-10-17 ２ストローク潤滑油の改良
CA002626559A CA2626559A1 (fr) 2005-10-21 2006-10-17 Huiles de lubrification ameliorees destinees a des moteurs a deux temps

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US72885005P 2005-10-21 2005-10-21
US60/728,850 2005-10-21
US11/544,057 US20070093398A1 (en) 2005-10-21 2006-10-06 Two-stroke lubricating oils
US11/544,057 2006-10-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007050352A1 true WO2007050352A1 (fr) 2007-05-03

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PCT/US2006/040424 WO2007050352A1 (fr) 2005-10-21 2006-10-17 Huiles de lubrification ameliorees destinees a des moteurs a deux temps

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US20070093398A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1951851A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009512757A (fr)
AU (1) AU2006306546A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0617637A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2626559A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW200728448A (fr)
WO (1) WO2007050352A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

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WO2010094681A1 (fr) 2009-02-18 2010-08-26 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Utilisation d'une composition lubrifiante avec de l'huile à base de gtl pour réduire les émissions d'hydrocarbure
JP2010538116A (ja) * 2007-08-27 2010-12-09 シェブロン ユー．エス．エー． インコーポレイテッド ２サイクルガソリンエンジン潤滑油の製造方法
WO2011138313A1 (fr) * 2010-05-03 2011-11-10 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Composition lubrifiante usagée
CN101294117B (zh) * 2008-05-28 2012-04-18 无锡惠源高级润滑油有限公司 Fc-w 25w-40舷外机油
WO2012150283A1 (fr) 2011-05-05 2012-11-08 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Compositions d'huile de lubrification comprenant des huiles de base dérivées de fischer-tropsch
RU2642459C1 (ru) * 2017-04-17 2018-01-25 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Союзпроминвест" (ООО "Союзпроминвест") Моторное масло для двухтактных бензиновых двигателей

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US7888298B2 (en) * 2007-03-20 2011-02-15 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Lubricant compositions with improved properties
US20090062161A1 (en) * 2007-08-27 2009-03-05 Joseph Timar Two-cycle gasoline engine lubricant
US20090143261A1 (en) * 2007-11-30 2009-06-04 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Engine Oil Compositions with Improved Fuel Economy Performance
CN102559340B (zh) * 2011-12-30 2013-05-22 大连海事大学 一种fc二冲程发动机油组合物，其制备方法及应用
CN105296087B (zh) * 2015-10-22 2018-06-05 邵宏良 一种汽油机油组合物

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TW200728448A (en) 2007-08-01
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