WO2007045635A1 - Joint d'isolation dielectrique pour ampoule a vide - Google Patents
Joint d'isolation dielectrique pour ampoule a vide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007045635A1 WO2007045635A1 PCT/EP2006/067453 EP2006067453W WO2007045635A1 WO 2007045635 A1 WO2007045635 A1 WO 2007045635A1 EP 2006067453 W EP2006067453 W EP 2006067453W WO 2007045635 A1 WO2007045635 A1 WO 2007045635A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- seal
- joint according
- section
- cross
- internal
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
- H01H2033/6623—Details relating to the encasing or the outside layers of the vacuum switch housings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
- H01H2033/6665—Details concerning the mounting or supporting of the individual vacuum bottles
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of electrical equipment and installations, and in particular switches and switching devices using vacuum bulbs operating at medium and high voltages.
- a particular application is that for the air transport of electricity.
- switches use vacuum interrupters that must withstand dielectric stresses, inter alia, between the contacts inside the bulb, in the vacuum, but also between the outer ends of the bulb. bulb placed in the ambient air.
- dielectric stresses inter alia, between the contacts inside the bulb, in the vacuum, but also between the outer ends of the bulb. bulb placed in the ambient air.
- the compactness required requires the use of insulating elements other than the air outside the vacuum ampoules.
- Solid insulators or dielectric fluids such as the SF6 greenhouse gas
- the isolations of vacuum bulbs in the air do not make it possible to obtain suitable dielectric performance with reduced dimensions.
- isolations of vacuum bulbs in a dielectric gaseous fluid, such as SF6 are expensive.
- the solid insulation systems of vacuum bulbs are very sensitive in temperature and do not allow disassembly or dismantling at the end of life, during adhesion or bonding. This has very harmful consequences for the environment.
- a mixed insulator using both a solid insulator and a gaseous fluid insulator, such as air at atmospheric pressure or other gases such as nitrogen.
- the solid insulation is of a reduced volume, because it is made in the form of a seal having a gas-tight function and a dielectric function.
- this type of insulation does not allow to obtain high dielectric performance for vacuum bulbs.
- a vacuum bottle 101 is surrounded at both ends of its outer surface, two seals 102A and 102B.
- the top seal 102A is placed on the fixed contact contact side of the vacuum bottle 101, while the bottom seal 102B is placed on the side of the moving contact.
- the assembly is placed in a rigid shell 103 made of insulating material.
- the structure of the seals 102A and 102B is such that air is trapped at their contact surfaces 104 with the inner wall of the rigid shell 103.
- FIG. 2A represents, in partial section, a detail of the surface marked 104 in FIG. 1. This consists of several lips 105 of pointed section, separated from each other by a gap space 106.
- Figure 2B shows, still in partial section, the same location of the seal according to the prior art.
- the latter has been introduced into the rigid shell 103 and its lips are crushed, or rather slightly folded each in the same direction, by the pressure of the inner wall of the shell 103 on one side of each lip 105. Air is thus trapped between each lip 105 along a line B-B '. Similarly, air may be trapped along the line A-A 'on the other surface.
- This air of low dielectric strength considerably limits the dielectric performance of the system. Indeed, a priming arc can easily move radially within each interface space 106, in order to fetch the weakest point on the circumference of the next lip 105 and thus propagate to the next gap space 106 .
- the dielectric strength of the assembly is a function of the sum of the weakest points on each circumference of the seal 102.
- the thickness of insulation in certain parts of this seal 102 is too weak to obtain significant dielectric performance.
- the shape of this seal 102 according to the prior art is not very favorable to disassembly or dismantling at the end of life because of the anti-return effect of the lips 105.
- the object of the invention is therefore to obtain significant dielectric performance with reduced dimensions for vacuum interrupters, by acting on their isolation, in particular by preventing the path of electric discharges or sparks along the contact surfaces of the gasket. service. It is furthermore desired to remain in conformity with the environment. Complete and easy dismantling of the insulation system at the end of life of the vacuum bulb is therefore desired.
- EP 1 017 142 A1 describes a circuit breaker switch having a mixed insulation system.
- the main object of the invention is a dielectric insulation seal for vacuum interrupter for isolating a vacuum interrupter by using at least one seal placed around the vacuum interrupter inside the vacuum interrupter.
- a housing, each joint having an internal contact surface and a surface of external contact, two lateral surfaces connecting the internal and external contact surfaces.
- the internal and external contact surfaces of the gasket are smooth, have no cavities and are part of the group consisting of surface comprising the convex surfaces with respect to the longitudinal axis of the joint and the surfaces having a slope which does not reverse, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the joint.
- This resistance to tracking is characterized by the ability of the seal to perfectly match the outer surface of the vacuum bottle or the inner face of the envelope to oppose the formation of electric sparks that would carbonize the surface of the jont and or the outer surface of the vacuum bulb or the inner face of the envelope, and thus provide a path to the current.
- a main embodiment provides that these inner and outer surfaces of the seal contact are cylindrical.
- a second main embodiment provides that these inner and outer surfaces of the seal contact are tapered.
- a third main embodiment of the inner and outer surfaces of the seal contact is that they are each constituted by two conical parts of different conicity and connected by a determined connection radius and forming a flared V.
- the width of the internal and external contact surfaces is also preferable for the width of the internal and external contact surfaces to be equal to or greater than 5 mm in order to limit the risks of starting or routing at these interfaces.
- the minimum thickness of the joint along the longitudinal axis of the joint is at least 4 mm.
- the seal has a recess in its cross section, to limit the forces in the joint.
- the lateral surfaces in order to control the thermal expansions, it is also provided that these side surfaces can be in two parts having different inclinations.
- the side surfaces are rounded in part, a portion being concave, a portion being convex.
- the seal may have a trapezoidal section, that is to say two external and internal contact surfaces parallel to the axis of revolution of the seal, the side surfaces being inclined in an inverted manner.
- the cross section of the joint can be H-shaped.
- the cross section of the seal may also be N-shaped.
- It can also square or rectangular shape.
- the cross section of the seal may be W-shaped or U-shaped.
- FIG. 1 already described, a view showing the use of two joints according to the prior art; - Figures 2A and 2B, in partial section, the active part of a seal according to the prior art; Figure 3A, in section the use of a seal according to the invention; - Figure 3B, in section, the use of two joints according to the invention; FIGS. 4A to 4D, four detailed embodiments of joints according to the invention; and FIGS. 5A to 5M of the different seal sections according to the invention.
- a vacuum interrupter 1 is placed in a housing 10 constituting the pole of medium or high voltage electrical equipment.
- the housing 10 is therefore the rigid pole of an equipment used such as a circuit breaker.
- a movable contact 5A of the vacuum bulb 1 and a fixed contact 5B, each placed at one end of a vacuum bulb 1 are at different electrical potentials. It is therefore necessary to ensure the dielectric isolation of the vacuum bulb 1 by placing between these two movable contacts 5A and 5B constituting two electrodes of different potentials, a seal 20 constituting a dielectric insulation seal.
- the seal 20 prevents the flow of sparks or discharges along the dashed lines AA 'and BB'.
- the dielectric strength of the vacuum inside the vacuum bulb 1 is much higher than the dielectric strength of the air outside the vacuum bulb 1.
- the latter isolate an annular space 24 delimited by a lateral surface of each of the seals 20, an external surface 6 of the vacuum bottle 1 and a surface internal housing 16 10.
- the space 24 thus contained contains a gaseous fluid, such as air or another fluid of the same type.
- This configuration makes it possible to avoid any dielectric initiation or bypassing of one of the gaseous elements delimited by the joints 20, either by routing or by perforation. More precisely, the dielectric seal or dielectric strength is ensured inter alia by three elements which are:
- each seal 20 has a section consisting of two tapered portions 20A and 20B inverted inclination.
- the section of this joint is coarse U-shape.
- a very important technical feature of the seal according to the invention is that the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of each seal 20 are smooth. Indeed, using a housing 10 whose inner surface 16 is smooth, likewise, the vacuum bottle 1 has a smooth outer surface 6. In correspondence, the inner and outer surfaces of each seal 20 are smooth. This avoids trapping air between these surfaces at the time of assembly.
- the general shape of the joint is optimized, in order to obtain contact pressures at the joint interfaces / housing and joint / vacuum bulb that are not homogeneous, but sufficient.
- the clamping constraints of the seal around the vacuum bottle 1 are greater than those at the clamping of the seal against the housing 10. This allows the seal to remain in place on the vacuum bulb during assembly, disassembly and dismantling. As can be seen in this figure
- the position of the seals 20 on the vacuum bottle 1 is optimized in that the latter are positioned on the latter in areas where the dielectric fields are favorable to large dielectric strengths.
- these seals 20 are not in contact with the electrodes formed by 5A and fixed 5B mobile contacts.
- a significant risk of perforation of the joints exists in the case where a too intense local electric field would appear. Indeed, a strike on one of the electrodes would lead to a concentration of electric fields. In the case where a dielectric seal would be in contact with one of these electrodes, it would suffer too much electric field and could be degraded by perforation.
- Figure 4A shows a first detailed embodiment of the seal.
- the outer surface of contact which is therefore smooth consists in fact of two surfaces 31A and 31B, both conical with respect to the axis 30 of the joint, their inclination being different, so as to form a very open U outwards .
- Their junction consists of an external connection radius RE.
- the internal contact surface consists of two parts 32A and 32B, both of different inclination, with respect to the axis 30, one of them, in this case the surface 32A can be cylindrical.
- These two internal contact surfaces are also connected by an internal connection radius RI.
- the two lateral surfaces also consist of several parts. One of them comprises a recess 35 constituted by two frustoconical surfaces 35A joined by a radial surface 35B. This recess 35 limits the forces within the seal, when it is compressed, during the assembly phase of the vacuum bulb in the housing.
- the other side surface consists of two surfaces 33A and 33B, themselves frustoconical, of different inclination so as to form a very open U.
- the remainder of the side surfaces consists of radial portions 34C, on the one hand, and 34A and 34B, which join the recess 35 to the internal contact surfaces, on the other hand.
- This embodiment is similar to a U of which one of the vertical parts extends slightly downwards.
- Other possible sections of the seal particularly in the form of a letter, are set out below.
- the thickness in the direction parallel to that of the axis 30 of the joint must be equal to or greater than 4 (four) millimeters.
- the mechanical strength is obviously enhanced, but it is especially the dielectric strength of the seal which is increased, including greatly reducing the risk of priming perforation of the seal.
- the internal contact surfaces 32A and 32B and external have a sufficiently large axial height, constituting important bearing surfaces and not punctual, they contribute especially to increase the dielectric strength of the joint.
- An axial height of at least 5 (five) millimeters is required.
- the seal is an elastomeric material. During its assembly, its deformation makes it possible to obtain sufficient contact pressures at its internal contact surfaces 32A and 32B and at its outer contact surfaces 31A and 31B.
- the system is insensitive to temperature. Indeed, due to the shape of its side surfaces, the seal is free to expand during temperature increases and to contract during temperature decreases.
- the ratio of the pressure surfaces, that is to say the internal contact surfaces 32A and 32B and external 31A and 31B, on the free surfaces, that is to say the lateral surfaces 33A, 33B, 34A, 34B, 35A and 35B is sufficiently restricted, so that the elastomeric material constituting the joints can expand and contract freely in temperature.
- Such a seal has been qualified on a nominal voltage application of 38kV. It has the capacity to hold IEC and ANSI standard voltages: 50Hz / 60s / 95kVeff withstand voltage, 20OkVc lightning shock voltage with partial discharges less than or equal to 5pC. It withstands temperatures of -40 ° C to + 115 ° C continuously.
- FIG. 4B shows an embodiment of the seal having a general shape similar to that shown in FIG. 4A, except that the 41 and internal external contact surfaces 42 are cylindrical and parallel to the axis 40 of the seal.
- the latter always has a recess 45 opening onto a lateral surface completed by two lateral surface portions 44A and 44B.
- the other lateral surface consists of a portion 44C perpendicularly joining the internal contact surface 42.
- Figure 4C shows an embodiment of the seal with tapered outer 51 and inner 52 contact surfaces, with opposite inclinations.
- a fourth embodiment is described in Figure 4B, in which the outer and outer contact surfaces 61 and 62 are curved by a relatively large radius of curvature. Note that the general orientation of these two surfaces and slightly inclined relative to the axis 60 of the seal, that is to say, a frustoconical general orientation and opposite from one surface to another.
- This type of seal also has a lateral recess 65, completed with two lateral portions 64A and 64B, the other lateral surface being completed with a lateral portion 64C.
- FIGS. 5A to 5M show that it is possible to give the joint a section different from that described in FIG. 4.
- the section represented by FIG. 5A is a rectangle with.
- the lateral surfaces are perpendicular to the axis 50, while the internal contact and external contact surfaces are parallel thereto.
- Figure 5B shows a section of the square-shaped seal.
- the section shown in FIG. 5C is trapezoidal, the internal and external contact surfaces being always concentric with the axis 50, but the lateral surfaces having respectively opposite inclination.
- the section shown in FIG. 5D includes side surfaces consisting of two inclination portions opposite to the perpendicular to the lateral axis 50, i.e. forming slightly convex surfaces.
- the section shown in Figure 5E has a lateral surface perpendicular to the axis 50, and a rounded convex shape.
- the section represented by the surface 5F has side surfaces in two parts, of different and opposite inclinations, forming a V-shaped convex lateral surface and a concave V-shaped lateral surface.
- FIG. 5G shows a seal whose side surfaces are formed for one by two opposite inclination surfaces forming a convex lateral surface and a slightly rounded lateral surface.
- FIG. 5H shows a seal whose lateral surfaces are in two parts each, and more precisely comprises a concave portion and a convex portion, these lateral surfaces being S-shaped.
- the section shown in Figure 51 is an H-section, a quadrilateral shaped recess being formed in each side surface.
- Figure 5J shows a U-shaped section.
- Figure 5K shows a section of the W-shaped seal.
- Figure 5L shows an M-shaped section.
- Figure 5M shows an N-shaped section.
- the dielectric strength is important at the contact interfaces between the seal and the housing and the seal and the vacuum bulb. Similarly, inside the seal, the dielectric strength is important.
- This tracking resistance is characterized by the ability of the seal to perfectly match the outer surface of the vacuum bottle or the inner face of the envelope to oppose the formation of electric sparks that would carbonize the surface of the seal and or the outer surface of the vacuum bulb between A and A 'and / or the inner face of the envelope between B and B' (FIGS. 3A and 3B) and thus provide a path to the current between either A and
- the setting up is easy, considering that the seal is easily deformable.
Landscapes
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
- Insulating Bodies (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Insulators (AREA)
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE602006008972T DE602006008972D1 (de) | 2005-10-18 | 2006-10-16 | Dielektrische isolierdichtung für eine vakuumröhre |
AT06807308T ATE441935T1 (de) | 2005-10-18 | 2006-10-16 | Dielektrische isolierdichtung für eine vakuumríhre |
CA2626166A CA2626166C (fr) | 2005-10-18 | 2006-10-16 | Joint d'isolement dielectrique pour bouteille thermos |
CN2006800387840A CN101292318B (zh) | 2005-10-18 | 2006-10-16 | 真空瓶的介电绝缘垫圈 |
US12/083,722 US20090139956A1 (en) | 2005-10-18 | 2006-10-16 | Dielectric Insulation Gasket for a Vacuum Bottle |
BRPI0617323-3A BRPI0617323A2 (pt) | 2005-10-18 | 2006-10-16 | junta de isolamento dielétrico para lámpada a vácuo |
EP06807308A EP1938350B1 (fr) | 2005-10-18 | 2006-10-16 | Joint d'isolation dielectrique pour ampoule a vide |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0553153 | 2005-10-18 | ||
FR0553153A FR2892227B1 (fr) | 2005-10-18 | 2005-10-18 | Joint d'isolation dielectrique pour ampoule a vide |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007045635A1 true WO2007045635A1 (fr) | 2007-04-26 |
Family
ID=36636428
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2006/067453 WO2007045635A1 (fr) | 2005-10-18 | 2006-10-16 | Joint d'isolation dielectrique pour ampoule a vide |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090139956A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1938350B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101292318B (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE441935T1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0617323A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2626166C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE602006008972D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2333049T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2892227B1 (fr) |
MY (1) | MY164256A (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2405225C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2007045635A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI743857B (zh) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-10-21 | 緯創資通股份有限公司 | 電子裝置及其密封結構 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112038166B (zh) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-08-23 | 安徽普众机电有限公司 | 一种高压绝缘陶瓷真空开关管 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE8403264U1 (de) * | 1984-02-04 | 1984-05-10 | Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen | Gekapselter Schalter |
EP1017142A1 (fr) * | 1997-07-18 | 2000-07-05 | TOO "Tavrida Electric R" | Reenclencheur-interrupteur automatique pour lignes electriques aeriennes de la serie tel |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2168872A (en) * | 1934-10-02 | 1939-08-08 | Arthur Mutscheller | High voltage and high vacuum discharge device |
US2320170A (en) * | 1942-04-21 | 1943-05-25 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Cushion mounting for electrical apparatus |
US2519436A (en) * | 1946-03-11 | 1950-08-22 | Breeze Corp | Sealing and electrical shielding gasket |
GB1299714A (en) * | 1969-03-28 | 1972-12-13 | Perkins Engines Ltd | Internal combustion engine crankcase cover assemblies |
US4157236A (en) * | 1977-02-28 | 1979-06-05 | Beloit Corporation | Electrostatic dry former |
US5247424A (en) * | 1992-06-16 | 1993-09-21 | International Business Machines Corporation | Low temperature conduction module with gasket to provide a vacuum seal and electrical connections |
-
2005
- 2005-10-18 FR FR0553153A patent/FR2892227B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-10-16 EP EP06807308A patent/EP1938350B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-10-16 CN CN2006800387840A patent/CN101292318B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-10-16 CA CA2626166A patent/CA2626166C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-10-16 BR BRPI0617323-3A patent/BRPI0617323A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-10-16 WO PCT/EP2006/067453 patent/WO2007045635A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2006-10-16 AT AT06807308T patent/ATE441935T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-10-16 MY MYPI20081007A patent/MY164256A/en unknown
- 2006-10-16 ES ES06807308T patent/ES2333049T3/es active Active
- 2006-10-16 US US12/083,722 patent/US20090139956A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-10-16 DE DE602006008972T patent/DE602006008972D1/de active Active
- 2006-10-16 RU RU2008119482/07A patent/RU2405225C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE8403264U1 (de) * | 1984-02-04 | 1984-05-10 | Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen | Gekapselter Schalter |
EP1017142A1 (fr) * | 1997-07-18 | 2000-07-05 | TOO "Tavrida Electric R" | Reenclencheur-interrupteur automatique pour lignes electriques aeriennes de la serie tel |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI743857B (zh) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-10-21 | 緯創資通股份有限公司 | 電子裝置及其密封結構 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2405225C2 (ru) | 2010-11-27 |
ATE441935T1 (de) | 2009-09-15 |
EP1938350B1 (fr) | 2009-09-02 |
FR2892227A1 (fr) | 2007-04-20 |
US20090139956A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
FR2892227B1 (fr) | 2007-11-30 |
CN101292318A (zh) | 2008-10-22 |
RU2008119482A (ru) | 2009-11-27 |
MY164256A (en) | 2017-11-30 |
ES2333049T3 (es) | 2010-02-16 |
BRPI0617323A2 (pt) | 2011-07-19 |
EP1938350A1 (fr) | 2008-07-02 |
DE602006008972D1 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
CA2626166A1 (fr) | 2007-04-26 |
CN101292318B (zh) | 2012-05-09 |
CA2626166C (fr) | 2015-04-14 |
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