WO2007036351A1 - Procede d'utilisation d'un moteur a combustion interne comportant un filtre a particules - Google Patents

Procede d'utilisation d'un moteur a combustion interne comportant un filtre a particules Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007036351A1
WO2007036351A1 PCT/EP2006/009357 EP2006009357W WO2007036351A1 WO 2007036351 A1 WO2007036351 A1 WO 2007036351A1 EP 2006009357 W EP2006009357 W EP 2006009357W WO 2007036351 A1 WO2007036351 A1 WO 2007036351A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
soot particles
ignition
internal combustion
combustion engine
graphitized
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/009357
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Britta Sliwinski
Jürgen Schnitzler
Andreas Wiartalla
Original Assignee
Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh filed Critical Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh
Publication of WO2007036351A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007036351A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/029—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/80—Chemical processes for the removal of the retained particles, e.g. by burning
    • B01D46/84—Chemical processes for the removal of the retained particles, e.g. by burning by heating only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/025—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus by changing the composition of the exhaust gas, e.g. for exothermic reaction on exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/029—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a particulate filter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
    • B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
    • F01N2430/06—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by varying fuel-air ratio, e.g. by enriching fuel-air mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
    • F01N2430/08—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by modifying ignition or injection timing
    • F01N2430/085—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by modifying ignition or injection timing at least a part of the injection taking place during expansion or exhaust stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
    • F02D2200/0802—Temperature of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1473—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation method
    • F02D41/1475—Regulating the air fuel ratio at a value other than stoichiometry
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
    • F02D41/402—Multiple injections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine with a particle filter.
  • the exhaust gas also contains particles substantially in the form of graphitized soot. It is known to filter out these particles essentially by means of a particle filter.
  • Known diesel particulate filters reduce particulate emissions by up to 90%. However, since the load of particles in the filter is limited, they must be regenerated at certain intervals.
  • This regeneration can be carried out catalytically at relatively low temperature by addition of additives in the form of oxygen-releasing metal complexes (such as cerium / platinum or iron organyls), which, however, lead to ash formation in the filter. So that the ash residue does not adhere to the environment are discharged, the filter surface and thus the entire filter must be correspondingly large, in order to provide even with ash load still sufficient free filter surface available.
  • oxygen-releasing metal complexes such as cerium / platinum or iron organyls
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for operating an internal combustion engine with a particle filter, which makes it possible to carry out without additives a regeneration of the particulate filter at a relatively low temperature.
  • a method for operating an internal combustion engine with a particulate filter are collected in the fuel combustion resulting, substantially graphitized soot particles for exhaust gas purification, wherein the forming soot particle layer by corresponding change in the control of the operation of the internal combustion engine incompletely graphitized soot particles with an ignition temperature be deposited between 300 and 550 ⁇ C and for regenerating the particulate filter cyclically burning off the soot particles by ignition by means of temperature increase is initiated to ignition temperature of the incompletely graphitized soot particles.
  • Incomplete graphitized carbon black particles having an ignition temperature between about 300 and 55O 0 C have an amorphous structure and contain hydrogen atoms from the hydrocarbon chain of the fuel, that is reactive Components like H 2 or HC-. They are generated by changing the operating state of the internal combustion engine by modifying the internal engine process control by adjusting engine parameters such as adjustment of the air path, such as adaptation of the airflow (such as the exhaust gas recirculation valve, the throttle valve, the turbine geometry of the engine Turbocharger) and / or injection timing and quantities (such as multiple injection, post-injection, injection into the exhaust) can be influenced, so that there is a corresponding, igniting at low temperature particle phase, which is caused by a correspondingly slowed or delayed in-engine combustion.
  • engine parameters such as adjustment of the air path, such as adaptation of the airflow (such as the exhaust gas recirculation valve, the throttle valve, the turbine geometry of the engine Turbocharger) and / or injection timing and quantities (such as multiple injection, post-injection
  • the operation of the internal combustion engine can accordingly take place in four phases, namely the normal operating phase with superstoichiometric combustion of the fuel in the internal combustion engine, followed by a subsequent short-term operating phase for generating the highly reactive particle phase, an operating phase with increased exhaust gas temperature and a burn-off phase with superstoichiometric combustion of the fuel in the internal combustion engine, which emits after burning in the first phase.
  • the engine operation of the internal combustion engine can be returned during the regeneration phase before the end of a complete regeneration in the normal operating condition with stoichiometric or stoichiometric combustion of the fuel, since the regeneration after ignition of the highly reactive particulate phase independently practically continues until the substantially complete emptying of the particulate filter.
  • the regeneration operation for the particulate filter is in the range of a few seconds.
  • the highly reactive particle phase does not necessarily require substoichiometric combustion for its production, but can also be produced by delayed combustion by changing the injection times and quantities (for example via secondary injection or multiple injection), optionally in combination with substoichiometric combustion.
  • the burning rate and the completeness of the burnup can be influenced. Both parameters are influenced by the frequency of introduction and the duration of the highly reactive particle phase. On the one hand, these parameters can be modeled and regulated in a motor control or, on the other hand, regulated via a suitable sensor technology, for example pressure or lambda sensors.
  • the preferred desired layer structure of the particles collected in the particle filter is produced by interval-like switching to substoichiometric and / or delayed combustion. - However, it can also be quasi-continuous be burned by, during or after each interval in which the highly reactive particle phase is generated, provided for a corresponding oxygen supply, which leads to the ignition of the highly reactive particle phase.
  • a control of the different operating intervals for constructing the layer structure depends in detail on the respective engine, the combustion process in normal operation and the respective operating phase of the associated vehicle.
  • the respective strategy can be controlled via maps, suitable sensors and monitoring of the operating modes or simulation models or adapted to the respective operating mode in order to achieve the lowest possible emission of pollutants.
  • a NOx adsorption catalyst may be downstream of the particulate filter, wherein the combustion of the particulate filter content via the oxygen supply is controlled so that both are not exposed to high temperatures, but safely regenerated.
  • Other catalysts such as Oxi-KAT or 3-way catalysts can be combined with the particle filter according to the combustion method used in the internal combustion engine.
  • Fig. 1 shows two diagrams in which lambda or the temperature in the filter is plotted against time.
  • the temperature in the filter increased from below about 300 ° C to slightly above 500 0 C after the end of the interval and increased with appropriate oxygen supply after switching back from rich to lean operation, resulting in each case an effective and thus quasicontinuier Anlagen particle burn in the particle filter. In this way it can be achieved that the maximum particle loading of the particulate filter does not exceed an extremely low level.
  • FIG. 2 shows, by way of example, the dependence of the particle loading in the particle filter on a defined, constant loading time compared to the increase in the fat time with a constant lean time in the lean / rich cycle, using a diagram. From this it can be seen that with a higher proportion of reactive particle phase in the particle filter, the total particle mass in the particle filter decreases and thus an improvement of the burning behavior can be achieved.
  • particulate loading will increase with each interval. Then the burning can be done at predetermined intervals. However, if a predetermined limit load is detected during such a time interval, the burnup may be initiated and the time interval shortened for this and / or the phases t 2 of the rich operation extended and / or by increasing the fuel injection amount during rich operation.
  • the highly reactive particle phase is only needed to ignite by their ignition, the substantially graphitized soot particles, this is sufficient for a relatively small amount of about 0.5 wt .-% highly reactive particle phase based on the total carbon black.
  • an amount of about 1% by weight, in particular more than 2% by weight, of highly reactive particle phase based on the total carbon black is preferred.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'utilisation d'un moteur à combustion interne comportant un filtre à particules, au cours duquel des particules de suies essentiellement graphitisées, produites lors de la combustion, sont collectées pour l'épuration des gaz d'échappement. Des particules de suies partiellement graphitisées, présentant une température d'allumage de 300 à 500 °C, sont déposées sur la couche de particules de suies qui se forme, par modification adéquate de la commande du fonctionnement du moteur à combustion interne, et pour la régénération du filtre à particules, une combustion des particules de suies partiellement graphitisées est déclenchée cycliquement par allumage par augmentation de la température à la température d'allumage.
PCT/EP2006/009357 2005-09-29 2006-09-26 Procede d'utilisation d'un moteur a combustion interne comportant un filtre a particules WO2007036351A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005046830.6 2005-09-29
DE102005046830A DE102005046830A1 (de) 2005-09-29 2005-09-29 Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Partikelfilter

Publications (1)

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WO2007036351A1 true WO2007036351A1 (fr) 2007-04-05

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WO (1) WO2007036351A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2928176A1 (fr) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-04 Faurecia Sys Echappement Procede de regeneration d'un filtre a particules pour moteur a essence et ensemble d'echappement associe
GB2528681A (en) * 2014-07-28 2016-02-03 Jaguar Land Rover Ltd Exhaust after-treatment system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013011806A1 (de) 2013-07-16 2015-01-22 Man Truck & Bus Ag Verfahren zur Regeneration eines Partikelfilters und Brennkraftmaschine mit Partikelfilter

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2799508A1 (fr) * 1999-10-08 2001-04-13 Renault Procede d'injection de carburant pour un moteur a combustion
DE10048511A1 (de) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-18 Omg Ag & Co Kg Verfahren zur Verminderung von Kohlenmonoxid, Kohlenwasserstoffen und Partikel im mageren Abgas von Verbrennungsmotoren
US20030172642A1 (en) * 2001-04-26 2003-09-18 Koichiro Nakatani Exhaust emission control device
AT6752U1 (de) * 2003-06-05 2004-03-25 Avl List Gmbh Regeneration eines abgasnachbehandlungssystems
WO2004048757A1 (fr) * 2002-11-22 2004-06-10 Volkswagen Ag Procede de fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne equipe d'un filtre a particules
FR2853009A1 (fr) * 2003-03-28 2004-10-01 Renault Sa Procede de regeneration d'un filtre a particules et dispositif de mise en oeuvre d'un tel procede
DE102004019660A1 (de) * 2003-04-22 2005-01-27 Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo K.K. Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor
DE10341930A1 (de) * 2003-09-11 2005-04-21 Audi Ag Verfahren zur Aufheizung eines in einer Abgasanlage einer Diesel-Brennkraftmaschine eines Fahrzeuges, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeuges, angeordneten Katalysators und/oder Partikelfilters auf Desulfatisierungs- und/oder Entrußungstemperatur sowie Katalysator, insbesondere Stickoxid-Speicherkatalysators für Abgasanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen
DE10361220A1 (de) * 2003-12-24 2005-07-28 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren zum Regenerieren eines Partikelfilters

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2799508A1 (fr) * 1999-10-08 2001-04-13 Renault Procede d'injection de carburant pour un moteur a combustion
DE10048511A1 (de) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-18 Omg Ag & Co Kg Verfahren zur Verminderung von Kohlenmonoxid, Kohlenwasserstoffen und Partikel im mageren Abgas von Verbrennungsmotoren
US20030172642A1 (en) * 2001-04-26 2003-09-18 Koichiro Nakatani Exhaust emission control device
WO2004048757A1 (fr) * 2002-11-22 2004-06-10 Volkswagen Ag Procede de fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne equipe d'un filtre a particules
FR2853009A1 (fr) * 2003-03-28 2004-10-01 Renault Sa Procede de regeneration d'un filtre a particules et dispositif de mise en oeuvre d'un tel procede
DE102004019660A1 (de) * 2003-04-22 2005-01-27 Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo K.K. Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor
AT6752U1 (de) * 2003-06-05 2004-03-25 Avl List Gmbh Regeneration eines abgasnachbehandlungssystems
DE10341930A1 (de) * 2003-09-11 2005-04-21 Audi Ag Verfahren zur Aufheizung eines in einer Abgasanlage einer Diesel-Brennkraftmaschine eines Fahrzeuges, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeuges, angeordneten Katalysators und/oder Partikelfilters auf Desulfatisierungs- und/oder Entrußungstemperatur sowie Katalysator, insbesondere Stickoxid-Speicherkatalysators für Abgasanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen
DE10361220A1 (de) * 2003-12-24 2005-07-28 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren zum Regenerieren eines Partikelfilters

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2928176A1 (fr) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-04 Faurecia Sys Echappement Procede de regeneration d'un filtre a particules pour moteur a essence et ensemble d'echappement associe
GB2528681A (en) * 2014-07-28 2016-02-03 Jaguar Land Rover Ltd Exhaust after-treatment system
GB2528681B (en) * 2014-07-28 2018-09-12 Jaguar Land Rover Ltd Exhaust after-treatment system

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