WO2007026880A1 - 水素貯蔵装置 - Google Patents
水素貯蔵装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007026880A1 WO2007026880A1 PCT/JP2006/317347 JP2006317347W WO2007026880A1 WO 2007026880 A1 WO2007026880 A1 WO 2007026880A1 JP 2006317347 W JP2006317347 W JP 2006317347W WO 2007026880 A1 WO2007026880 A1 WO 2007026880A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- storage device
- tank
- hydrogen storage
- porous magnetic
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0089—Ortho-para conversion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/03—Orientation
- F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/06—Vessel construction using filling material in contact with the handled fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0614—Single wall
- F17C2203/0617—Single wall with one layer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0639—Steels
- F17C2203/0643—Stainless steels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0648—Alloys or compositions of metals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0352—Pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
- F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
- F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
- F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
- F17C2225/043—Localisation of the filling point in the gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
- F17C2227/0376—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact
- F17C2227/0381—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact integrated in the wall
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/01—Purifying the fluid
- F17C2265/012—Purifying the fluid by filtering
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydrogen storage device, and more particularly to a hydrogen storage device suitable for adsorbing and storing hydrogen.
- hydrogen is pressurized and hydrogen is stored in a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder, or liquid hydrogen that has been cooled and liquefied is stored in a low-temperature container such as a cylinder.
- the method is known.
- a technique for storing hydrogen using a carbon material such as activated carbon or carbon nanotube is also known.
- a carbon material such as activated carbon or carbon nanotube
- a hydrogen gas storage method in which a magnetic material such as acid pig iron is supported or brought into contact with activated carbon particles and adsorbed on the activated carbon (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the activated carbon supports a magnetic substance as a catalyst and liquids.
- Hydrogen generally includes parahydrogen and orthohydrogen based on the difference in angular momentum between spins, and orthohydrogen and parahydrogen exist at a ratio of 3: 1 at room temperature. Since parahydrogen has lower energy at low temperatures, everything becomes parahydrogen. Although this conversion speed is slow, ortho-para conversion is possible by cooling. Conversely, para-ortho conversion is also possible although the conversion speed is low at low temperatures.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-12693
- the hydrogen storage device when configured using a carbon-based material, the volume of the carbon-based material in the tank is reduced if a magnetic substance is mixed in the device (tank).
- a magnetic substance is mixed in the device (tank).
- the filter and the magnetic material cause a pressure loss in and out of the gas.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and provides a hydrogen storage device capable of storing a large amount of hydrogen for a long period of time without increasing the pressure loss at the hydrogen circulation port of the tank.
- the purpose is to achieve the purpose.
- the present invention is configured so that it can be converted from para-hydrogen to ortho-hydrogen during handling of hydrogen, the cooling effect due to the endotherm during the para-ortho conversion can be effectively used to keep the inside of the storage tank at a low temperature. It was achieved based on the knowledge gained and the strong knowledge. Specific means for achieving the above-mentioned problems are as follows.
- a hydrogen storage device includes a hydrogen circulation port, a tank in which a hydrogen adsorbent is incorporated at least partially, and a hydrogen circulation device disposed at the hydrogen circulation port. It is comprised with the made porous magnetic body.
- the magnetic body when a porous magnetic body is provided together with a hydrogen adsorbent in the tank, the magnetic body is not disposed in the tank, and the porous body is provided in the hydrogen circulation port provided in the tank.
- the filling amount of the hydrogen adsorbent inside the tank can be secured. Therefore, a large amount of hydrogen can be stored.
- the stored hydrogen when hydrogen is supplied / discharged, especially when hydrogen is discharged, the stored hydrogen is discharged after para-ortho conversion, so a cooling effect is obtained by the endothermic heat associated with the no-ortho conversion, and the atmosphere in the tank and tank Can be kept at a low temperature.
- porous magnetic body is provided at the hydrogen circulation port and also has a filter function, it is not necessary to provide both the porous magnetic body and the filter at the hydrogen circulation port, and the hydrogen circulation port of the tank. It is also possible to suppress an increase in pressure loss.
- At least a part of the tank is filled with a hydrogen adsorbent, and the hydrogen adsorbent physically adsorbs and holds hydrogen (particularly liquid hydrogen) supplied from the outside in the form of hydrogen molecules.
- the Liquid hydrogen can be supplied and stored in the tank of the hydrogen storage device. Inside the tank, hydrogen is held in a liquid state, and when evaporated to a gas state, it is adsorbed and held by a hydrogen adsorbing material arranged in a non-contact state or in contact with liquid hydrogen. The hydrogen retained in the hydrogen adsorbent can be taken out from the hydrogen circulation port as necessary.
- the hydrogen adsorbent in the present invention is a substance capable of adsorbing and holding hydrogen molecules on the surface thereof, and is distinguished from a hydrogen storage alloy that captures and stores atomic hydrogen.
- the tank constituting the hydrogen storage device of the present invention can be suitably configured using a heat insulating container.
- a heat insulating container By comprising an insulated container, heat conduction to the space inside the tank as well as the outside of the tank is suppressed, and when liquid hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage device, vaporization of liquid hydrogen is effectively suppressed, It is effective for ensuring a long storage period of hydrogen.
- the hydrogen circulation port may be configured by providing a hydrogen inlet for supplying gaseous or liquid hydrogen into the tank and a hydrogen outlet for taking out the hydrogen stored in the tank to the outside. It can. In this case, a configuration in which the porous magnetic material is disposed at the hydrogen outlet is effective.
- the inside of the tank is kept at a low temperature, and at a low temperature, the hydrogen is stored in a state of para-hydrogen.
- the endothermic reaction can be caused by converting parahydrogen to ortho hydrogen by the action of the porous magnetic material placed at the hydrogen outlet.
- the tank and the internal atmosphere of the tank can be kept at a low temperature by the latent heat at the time of conversion. That is, it is effective in suppressing the evaporation of liquid hydrogen and ensuring a long hydrogen storage period.
- the fact that the internal pressure of the tank accompanying the extraction of hydrogen is reduced is also effective in ensuring a long hydrogen storage period.
- the porous magnetic body is disposed so as to be able to exchange heat with the constituent members constituting the tank in which the hydrogen adsorbent is housed. This is particularly effective when the tank is made of a metal material and can exchange heat with the metal material.
- the porous magnetic body itself is cooled by latent heat when hydrogen is taken out from the inside of the tank. Therefore, by disposing the porous magnetic body so as to be able to exchange heat with the constituent members of the tank, the tank itself can be cooled and the atmosphere in the tank can be kept at a low temperature. In other words, with the use of hydrogen, the evaporation of liquid hydrogen is suppressed, which is effective for ensuring a long storage period of hydrogen.
- the tank has a heat insulating structure in which a shield material having a metal layer is sandwiched between heat insulating materials, and a configuration in which the porous magnetic material is arranged so as to be able to exchange heat with the shield material is effective.
- a heat-insulating structure with a heat-shielding shielding material sandwiched between heat-insulating materials, a porous magnetic material that cools when taking out hydrogen while highly suppressing heat transfer from the outside to the inside of the tank. By exchanging heat, the tank itself can be cooled more effectively.
- the atmosphere in the tank can be stably kept at a low temperature. In other words, as the adsorption amount increases, the evaporation of liquid hydrogen is suppressed and the hydrogen storage period can be secured for a longer period.
- the porous magnetic material may be disposed at a position in contact with the atmosphere in the tank to directly cool the atmosphere in the tank.
- the porous magnetic body can be disposed so as to be able to exchange heat with the constituent members of the tank as described above, and further can be disposed at a position where heat can be exchanged with the atmosphere inside the tank.
- the cooling effect is enhanced by adopting a configuration in which not only the tank but also the atmosphere inside the tank, which is a hydrogen storage area, can be simultaneously cooled. Therefore, the amount of adsorption can be further increased, the atmosphere in the tank can be kept stably at a low temperature, the evaporation of liquid hydrogen can be avoided, and the hydrogen storage period can be secured for a longer period.
- Examples of the hydrogen adsorbent include activated carbon, carbon nanotube, or MOF.
- Porous magnetic materials include iron oxide, a mixture of silica gel and nickel, or chromium oxide And alumina using as a carrier.
- a hydrogen circulation pipe that circulates hydrogen is connected to the hydrogen outlet, and a porous magnetic material can be supported on at least a part of the inner wall of the hydrogen circulation pipe. At least a portion can be filled with a porous magnetic material.
- the hydrogen distribution pipe can be arranged along the outer wall surface of the tank.
- the hydrogen storage material can be provided on the upper wall surface in the anti-gravity direction in the tank.
- the shield material may be one in which only one side of a polyester film is vapor-deposited on aluminum.
- the heat insulating structure can be laminated in a laminated structure of heat insulating material ZA1 plate Z heat insulating material.
- the hydrogen storage device is configured by disposing a porous magnetic material in a hydrogen circulation port of a tank.
- liquid hydrogen can be supplied and stored in the tank of the hydrogen storage device.
- the tank has a heat insulation structure in which a shield material having a metal layer is sandwiched between heat insulating materials, and the porous magnetic body is arranged so as to be able to exchange heat with the shield material.
- the porous magnetic material include iron oxide, a mixture of silica gel and nickel, or alumina using acid-chromium as a carrier.
- a hydrogen circulation pipe that circulates hydrogen is connected to the hydrogen outlet, and the porous magnetic material can be supported or filled in at least a part of the hydrogen circulation pipe. It can be arranged along.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a hydrogen storage device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A— of the hydrogen storage device of FIG.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic view showing a state in which a para-ortho conversion catalyst is supported on the inner wall surface of the hydrogen discharge pipe of the hydrogen storage device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3B is a schematic view showing a state in which a para-ortho conversion catalyst is packed inside the hydrogen discharge pipe of the hydrogen storage device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a hydrogen storage device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the hydrogen storage device of this embodiment includes activated carbon (hydrogen adsorbent) on the upper wall surface of a tank (container), and a porous magnetic material mainly composed of iron oxide. It is arranged inside the hydrogen discharge pipe that communicates with the mouth and the hydrogen outlet and keeps the inside of the tank at a low temperature so that hydrogen can be stored for a long time.
- the hydrogen storage device 10 of the present embodiment is configured to have a structure in which both end surfaces of a cylindrical container having a circular cross section are closed by a substantially hemispherical curved surface.
- the wall is provided with a hydrogen inlet 12 and a hydrogen outlet 13 carrying a porous magnetic material mainly composed of iron oxide. This porous magnetic material is further carried on the hydrogen discharge pipe 16. The details will be described below.
- this embodiment includes a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet, and is a stainless alloy in which both end surfaces of a cylindrical body having an inner space and a circular cross section are closed by a substantially hemispherical curved surface.
- S US316L made of stainless steel container 11, activated carbon (hydrogen adsorbent) 14 installed in stainless steel container 11, and tank with heat insulating layer 15 provided so as to cover the entire outer wall surface of stainless steel container 11.
- the inner wall of the pipe is provided with a porous magnetic material mainly composed of iron oxide, and a hydrogen discharge pipe 16 embedded in the heat insulating layer 15 so as to allow the hydrogen outlet 13 and the activated carbon 14 to communicate with each other.
- the stainless steel container 11 has a pressure resistance of about 0.5 to 3. OMPa, and is formed into a cylindrical shape using a stainless alloy (SUS316L) so that the internal volume is about 70 to 20 OL (liter).
- a hollow container which is molded and closed at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder with a substantially hemispherical curved surface.
- the cross-sectional shape and size can be any shape or size such as a rectangle other than a circle or an ellipse, depending on the purpose. You can choose.
- stainless steel alloys aluminum alloys, CFRP, GF RP, etc. may be used.
- the hydrogen inlet 12 and the hydrogen outlet 13 are provided on the wall surface of the stainless steel container 11 as hydrogen circulation ports. Liquid hydrogen is supplied from the outside into the stainless steel container through the hydrogen inlet 12, and the hydrogen stored in the stainless steel container can be taken out as needed through the hydrogen outlet 13. ! /
- an activated carbon (hydrogen adsorbent) 14 in the form of pellets is provided by partitioning with a metal mesh on the upper wall surface in the anti-gravity direction inside the container.
- liquid hydrogen 21 supplied from the hydrogen inlet 12 can be stored in a space other than the region where the activated carbon 14 is provided. Evaporation during the supply of liquid hydrogen 21 The hydrogen vaporized by the evaporation of the stored liquid hydrogen is adsorbed and retained in the form of 14 carbon atoms of activated carbon. At this time, hydrogen is physically adsorbed in the form of hydrogen molecules that are not stored in an atomic form.
- the hydrogen adsorbent in addition to activated carbon, for example, carbon nanotubes, ZnO (l, 4
- the heat insulating layer 15 includes a heat insulating material 17 and a cooling shield 18 made of an A1 plate having a thickness of 1 mm or less, and has a laminated structure in which a plurality of heat insulating materials are stacked with a cooling shield interposed between the heat insulating materials. It is configured. In this embodiment, three layers of heat insulating materials are laminated in a laminated structure of heat insulating material ZA1 plate Z heat insulating material ZA1 plate Z heat insulating material.
- the heat insulating material 17 is a vacuum lamination in which a thin radiation shield material in which both sides of a polyester film are vapor-deposited and a spacer material in which the radiation shield materials are kept in contact with each other to prevent heat conduction are alternately laminated. Insulation (multilayer insulation; MLI). This vacuum laminated insulation material keeps the stainless steel container and its interior at a low temperature for a long time by cutting off heat from the outside, and can store hydrogen for a long time by avoiding the rapid evaporation of the liquid hydrogen 21 stored inside Na It is like that.
- MLI multilayer insulation
- the radiation shielding material may be one in which only one side of a polyester film is vapor-deposited on aluminum, or may be made of a resin film other than the polyester film.
- a glass fiber cloth, paper, nylon net or the like is preferably used as the spacer material. MLI can reduce the heat input by radiation to 1Z (N + 1) by inserting N shield materials.
- the configuration of the heat insulating layer can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose and the case.
- the number of layers of the heat insulating material may be one layer, two layers, or four layers or more in addition to three layers.
- the cooling shield material can be configured by selecting a material that can provide a heat insulating effect.
- the hydrogen discharge pipe 16 is provided so as to be embedded in the heat insulating material 17 closest to the stainless steel container 11. Has been.
- the hydrogen discharge pipe 16 circulates inside the pipe and discharges hydrogen, and the heat insulation layer 15 also cuts off the heat of the hydrogen discharge pipe 16 from the external force (for example, 290 to 310K), and at the same time, the stainless steel container has a hydrogen discharge pipe 16. It is designed to cool by exchanging heat with.
- One end of the hydrogen discharge pipe 16 is connected to a hydrogen outlet 19 provided in the activated carbon 14 so that the hydrogen absorbed and held by the activated carbon 14 can be taken out.
- the other end of the hydrogen discharge pipe 16 is connected to the hydrogen outlet 13.
- the hydrogen adsorbed on the activated carbon (hydrogen adsorbent) 14 can be discharged from the hydrogen outlet 19 connected to the hydrogen outlet 13 by the hydrogen outlet pipe 16 from the hydrogen outlet 19 if necessary. Hydrogen can be supplied to the equipment used.
- the hydrogen discharge pipe 16 has a specific surface area as uniform as possible over the entire inner wall of the pipe from the hydrogen outlet 19 connected at one end to the hydrogen outlet 13 at the other end as shown in FIG.
- the porous magnetic body 20 mainly composed of iron oxide is supported so as to increase.
- the porous magnetic body 20 can perform para-ortho conversion from para-hydrogen to ortho-hydrogen while circulating the hydrogen taken in from the hydrogen outlet 19.
- the porous magnetic material 20 mainly composed of iron oxide is packed so that the specific surface area becomes as large as possible. This also functions as a filter that allows the discharged hydrogen to pass through.
- the hydrogen outlets 13 and 19 are provided with a porous magnetic material mainly composed of iron oxide in a porous form in a contact area with hydrogen. As a result, it performs para-ortho conversion and also functions as a filter through which hydrogen is discharged.
- the porous magnetic material is a hydrogen para-ortho conversion catalyst.
- porous magnetic material mainly composed of iron oxide, for example, a mixture of silica gel and nickel, alumina using chromium oxide as a carrier, and oxygen are adsorbed. Activated carbon etc. can be used conveniently.
- the hydrogen discharge pipe 16 is cooled by the latent heat at the time of para-ortho conversion.
- heat exchange with the radiation shield material and the cooling shield (A1 plate) 18 is also possible.
- the container itself and the atmosphere in the container can be kept at a low temperature.
- the hydrogen adsorbent 14 may touch the stored liquid hydrogen 21. This is because, even if liquid hydrogen touches a hydrogen adsorbent that has sufficiently adsorbed hydrogen, no heat of adsorption is generated, and boiling of liquid hydrogen does not occur.
- the para-ortho conversion catalyst (porous magnetic material) is supported on the entire inner wall of the hydrogen discharge pipe 16.
- the para-ortho conversion speed is low in the low temperature region as described above, it is effective to support the hydrogen discharge pipe 16 on the downstream side in the hydrogen flow direction.
- the para-ortho conversion catalyst may be provided not only at the hydrogen outlet, but only at the hydrogen inlet or at both the hydrogen outlet and the hydrogen inlet, as required. Further, a heater may be provided in the stainless steel container 11 in order to facilitate hydrogen removal.
- a second embodiment of the hydrogen storage device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- a para-ortho conversion catalyst porous magnetic material
- heat exchange is performed with the MLI vapor deposition aluminum so that the stainless steel container can be cooled.
- Liquid hydrogen can be used as in the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given to the same components as in the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- a hydrogen outlet 23 having a stainless alloy (SUS316L) force is provided inside the heat insulating layer 25.
- One end of a hydrogen discharge pipe 26 connected to the activated carbon (hydrogen adsorbent) 14 at the other end is connected to the hydrogen outlet 23, and hydrogen taken out through the hydrogen discharge pipe 26 is supplied to the outside. I can do it.
- a magnetic material mainly composed of iron oxide is supported in a porous region in a region where hydrogen can pass through. Hydrogen outflow loca When it discharges hydrogen, it can function as a filter, and at the same time, it can convert para-hydrogen power to ortho-ortho-conversion. It has become.
- the heat insulating layer 25 is a multilayer insulation in which a thin film radiation shield material in which both sides of a polyester film are vapor-deposited and a spacer material that keeps the shield material non-contact and prevents heat conduction are alternately laminated. (MLI) is used.
- MMI thin film radiation shield material
- This multi-layer insulation keeps the stainless steel container 11 and its interior at a low temperature for a long period of time by cutting off heat from the outside, avoiding the rapid evaporation of the liquid hydrogen 21 stored inside, and storing hydrogen for a long period of time. It is possible.
- the hydrogen outlet 23 is provided in contact with the vapor-deposited aluminum constituting the radiation shielding material of the heat insulating layer 25 so that heat exchange is possible.
- the power is cooled by para-ortho conversion.
- heat is exchanged with the deposited aluminum.
- the heat of the stainless steel container is released through the deposited aluminum arranged so as to surround the container, and the stainless steel container 11 itself and the atmosphere in the container are kept at a low temperature.
- the hydrogen discharge pipe 26 may be provided with a para-ortho conversion catalyst on a part of the inner wall of the pipe (preferably on the downstream side of the pipe) or on the entire surface.
- the case where cooling is performed by exchanging heat only with the vapor deposition aluminum constituting the radiation shielding material of the MLI has been mainly described.
- heat exchange may be performed with the deposited aluminum, and the hydrogen outlet 23 may be provided in contact with the stainless steel container 11 and Z or the atmosphere in the container so that heat exchange is possible.
- the stainless steel container and Z or the atmosphere itself can be cooled at the same time, and the cooling efficiency can be further increased.
- Porous magnetic material mainly composed of iron oxide
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112006002328T DE112006002328T5 (de) | 2005-09-02 | 2006-09-01 | Wasserstoffspeichervorrichtung |
US11/991,265 US20090199574A1 (en) | 2005-09-02 | 2006-09-01 | Hydrogen storage device |
CA2621054A CA2621054C (en) | 2005-09-02 | 2006-09-01 | Hydrogen storage device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005255446A JP4929654B2 (ja) | 2005-09-02 | 2005-09-02 | 水素貯蔵装置 |
JP2005-255446 | 2005-09-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2007026880A1 true WO2007026880A1 (ja) | 2007-03-08 |
Family
ID=37808964
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2006/317347 WO2007026880A1 (ja) | 2005-09-02 | 2006-09-01 | 水素貯蔵装置 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090199574A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4929654B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101253361A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2621054C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112006002328T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007026880A1 (ja) |
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CN115468105A (zh) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-13 | 同济大学 | 一种设有气体膨胀降温装置的液氢储罐 |
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US20100261094A1 (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2010-10-14 | Atomic Energy Council - Institute Of Nuclear Energy Research | Apparatus for containing metal-organic frameworks |
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CN110108089B (zh) * | 2019-05-17 | 2024-04-05 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | 一种低温液化可燃气体存储装置及方法 |
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US11796132B2 (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2023-10-24 | Green Grid Inc. | Hydrogen fuel storage and delivery system |
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DE102021128436A1 (de) | 2021-11-02 | 2023-05-04 | Arianegroup Gmbh | Wasserstofftank, Verfahren zum Kühlen eines Wasserstofftanks und Fahrzeug mit Wasserstoffantrieb und Wasserstofftank |
CN115325427A (zh) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-11-11 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | 一种外置磁场滤氧器的防固空液氢储罐 |
CN115325428B (zh) * | 2022-03-21 | 2023-07-28 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | 一种采用贴壁阵列磁环的液氢储罐 |
CN115325434A (zh) * | 2022-03-27 | 2022-11-11 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | 一种基于仲氢转化的液氢长时储存装置 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4929654B2 (ja) | 2012-05-09 |
CA2621054C (en) | 2010-11-23 |
JP2007071221A (ja) | 2007-03-22 |
CN101253361A (zh) | 2008-08-27 |
CA2621054A1 (en) | 2007-03-08 |
US20090199574A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
DE112006002328T5 (de) | 2008-07-10 |
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