WO2007003830A2 - Combustion device - Google Patents

Combustion device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007003830A2
WO2007003830A2 PCT/FR2006/050496 FR2006050496W WO2007003830A2 WO 2007003830 A2 WO2007003830 A2 WO 2007003830A2 FR 2006050496 W FR2006050496 W FR 2006050496W WO 2007003830 A2 WO2007003830 A2 WO 2007003830A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion
combustion device
chamber
primary reactor
afterburner
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2006/050496
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2007003830A3 (en
Inventor
Jean Julien Léonard Guillot
Original Assignee
Guillot Jean Julien Leonard
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guillot Jean Julien Leonard filed Critical Guillot Jean Julien Leonard
Priority to US11/915,792 priority Critical patent/US20090286191A1/en
Priority to EP06794473A priority patent/EP1896772A2/en
Publication of WO2007003830A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007003830A2/en
Publication of WO2007003830A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007003830A3/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B10/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B5/00—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion
    • F23B5/04—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion in separate combustion chamber; on separate grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B50/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone
    • F23B50/02—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone the fuel forming a column, stack or thick layer with the combustion zone at its bottom
    • F23B50/08—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone the fuel forming a column, stack or thick layer with the combustion zone at its bottom with fuel-deflecting bodies forming free combustion spaces inside the fuel layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B80/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion device comprising a combustion reactor and a postcombustion of the gases resulting from the combustion of combustible materials.
  • the present invention relates to a combustion device comprising a combustion chamber, a primary reactor and a gas suction and exhaust pipe, for which the gas suction and exhaust pipe passes through the primary reactor. More particularly, the primary reactor opens into an afterburner chamber and the suction tube and gas exhaust through the primary reactor discharges the afterburner gas from the afterburner.
  • the gas suction and exhaust tube is concentric with the primary reactor.
  • This configuration makes it possible to heat the oxidant by licking said tube, which is advantageously concentric with the combustion reactor.
  • This device also makes it possible to pass the afterburner gases through the evacuation tube itself subjected externally to the heat of the primary combustion.
  • the combustion chamber is a primary combustion chamber receiving the fuel connected to the afterburner by the primary reactor.
  • the exhaust gases are burned by venturi effect at the outlet of the gases.
  • a traditional fan-type suction system carries out the suction of the gases out of the suction and exhaust tube.
  • said suction and exhaust tube is configured so that the exhaust of the burnt gases becomes autonomous by the chimney effect once the combustion is started.
  • the primary reactor preferably comprises intake ports through which the oxidant is sucked.
  • the reactor is also advantageously provided with lights arranged around the primary reactor and through which the oxidant comes into contact with the fuel disposed in the combustion chamber.
  • FIG. 1 an embodiment of a reactor according to the invention in section
  • FIG. 2 an exemplary embodiment of a primary reactor for the reactor of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 an exemplary embodiment of an improved reactor according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 a cutaway perspective view of a combustion vessel and a primary reactor according to a particular embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 5 a schematic sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of an improved afterburner chamber.
  • the present invention relates to a combustion device comprising a combustion reactor and an afterburner chamber, an example of which is shown in FIG. 1. It comprises a combustion chamber 1, a primary combustion reactor 2, a fresh gas inlet consisting of a first lights, intake ports 5 of the primary reactor 2. The oxidizer (air) is sucked through the air inlets formed by the inlet ports 5 of the primary reactor 2 and comes into contact with the fuel
  • the combustion chamber 1 is connected to the afterburner chamber 7 by the primary reactor 2.
  • the flames and the combustion gases 8 arrive from the primary reactor 2 in the afterburner chamber 7.
  • the device according to the example comprises a tube 4 for exhaust and gas evacuation concentric with the tube of the primary reactor 2.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to heat the oxidant by licking the gas exhaust tube, concentric tube to the primary combustion reactor 2.
  • This device also makes it possible to pass the afterburner gases through the evacuation tube itself subjected externally to the heat of the primary combustion.
  • the poor gases produced in the combustion chamber 1 can either be reintroduced into the primary combustion reactor 2 or be recovered for another use.
  • the exhaust 9 of the flue gas 12 may be effected by a venturi effect or by a conventional suction system type fan.
  • the operating principle of the device is as follows: The suction 9 of the flue gases 12 is started.
  • the fuel 11 is introduced into the combustion chamber 1 and at start-up, it is ignited by an external supply of fire produced either by a gas burner, fuel oil or other energy 10, flame introduced into an air inlet 5 of the primary reactor , either directly in the combustion chamber 1 such that a fire is lit.
  • the combustion reaction occurs through the second lumens 3 and is performed around the exhaust tube 4 afterburner gas.
  • the combustion contributes to the heating of the gas evacuation tube 4 and the gas evacuation tube, passing inside the primary reactor tube 2, rises in temperature and warms, at the inlet of the primary reactor 2, the oxidant (air) entering through the intake ports 5.
  • the combustion is improved by the heating of the oxidizer (air) by (e) gas evacuation tube 4.
  • the afterburning gases 12 are better burned because they pass through the evacuation tube 4 mounted red during the passage of the primary reactor 2.
  • the poor gases produced in the combustion chamber 1 can either be reintroduced into the primary combustion reactor 2 or be recovered for another use.
  • the adjustment of the combustion is carried out by more or less sealing of the openings 3 present on the primary reactor tube 2,
  • the air inlet ports 5 at the beginning of the primary reactor tube may be more or less closed to increase or reduce the amount of oxidant (air) introduced into the primary reactor 2 and the adjustment of the suction power of the gases of the reactor. post-combustion 12 accelerates or slows down combustion.
  • one or more adjustable air inlets 6 are advantageously made on the end of the primary reactor tube 2.
  • the afterburner chamber 7 is joined sealingly to the tube of the primary reactor 2.
  • the installation operates in horizontal, vertical or oblique position, the only need being to change the position of the combustion chamber 1 load.
  • FIG. 3 represents an improved device according to the invention for which the tank is equipped with a tube 13 made of refractory steel equipped with a worm 14, to supply products to be dried and / or to undergo pyrolysis, allowing certain products to be dried and subjected to pyrolysis.
  • the tube is loaded outside the tank by means of a tank 24, the product passing through the tank and opening in the upper part of the reactor primary.
  • the steam emitted during drying is then sucked by the vacuum and burns.
  • the worm is rotated by a motor 25.
  • Figure 4 shows an improvement of the combustion vessel.
  • the primary reactor by its configuration, allows the pyrolysis of a fuel in its upper part. This pyrolysis allows a perfect combustion but, depending on the products, can create a "vault" that can block the descent of the fuel.
  • the device comprises means for grinding the fuel which comprise at least one tubular mandrel 15 passing through the vessel 1 and are equipped with mixing means 16.
  • the fuel grinding means are composed of two tubular mandrels 15.
  • FIG. 5 corresponds to an improved embodiment of the afterburner chamber 7.
  • This improved afterburner comprises firstly the addition of an adjustable air inlet 17 directly in the afterburner chamber to allow the total combustion of certain fuels requiring more oxidant than the others, for example tires.
  • This air inlet is adjustable according to the example by a valve 26.
  • the improved chamber comprises secondly the addition of a device for regulating the temperature of the afterburner chamber by creating a vacuum 21 between the chamber 7 itself and a thermal insulator 20 surrounding it, and the addition of means for blowing fresh air into this vacuum 21 between the outer walls of the tank surrounding the chamber 7 and internal of the thermal insulation and thereby cooling the surrounding vessel (a chamber 7.
  • This device is particularly useful for reducing the temperature of the tank surrounding the afterburner chamber 7 during the combustion of used tires or other products that can raise the temperature of this tank to more than 1260 ° C while the materials may constitute the tank are optionally limited in temperature, for example a material such as refractory steel does not support more than 1200 ° which requires limiting the temperature of the tank.
  • the temperature control device makes it possible to control the temperature of the tank of the afterburner chamber 7 when it reaches or exceeds the critical temperature thresholds for the materials constituting it (1200 ° for refractory steel as previously seen).
  • the means for blowing air into the vacuum 21 are made according to the example by a first conduit 19 open on the outside, a fan 18 for adjusting the amount of air admitted and a conduit 23, air intake itself disposed between the fan and the chamber 7.
  • the recovery via a duct 22 of this superheated air at the outlet of the vacuum can further participate in the production of an energy recovery device.
  • the device represented in FIGS. 3 and 4 comprises a recovery tank 27.
  • the primary combustion chamber 1 receiving the fuel 11 may be cylindrical, square, conical or oval, rectangular or parallelepipedic
  • the primary reactor 2 may itself be cylindrical, square, truncated conical, oval, rectangular or parallelepipedal and pierced with lights 3 allowing the contact of the fuel 11 and the oxidizer (air) of any round, oval, rectangle, square, parallelepiped geometric pattern
  • the gas evacuation tube 4 and disposed within this primary reactor 2 may be cylindrical, square, truncated conical, oval, rectangle or parailelepiped or any other section.

Abstract

The invention concerns a combustion device comprising a combustion chamber (1), a primary reactor (2) and a suction and exhaust tube for gases (4) wherein the gas suction and exhaust tube (4) passes through the primary reactor (2). In a preferred embodiment, the primary reactor emerges into a post-combustion chamber (4) whereby the post-combustion gases (12) are discharged from the post-combustion chamber through the suction tube passing through the primary reactor.

Description

DISPOSITIF DE COMBUSTION COMBUSTION DEVICE
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de combustion comportant un réacteur de combustion et une postcombustion des gaz issus de la combustion de matériaux combustibles.The present invention relates to a combustion device comprising a combustion reactor and a postcombustion of the gases resulting from the combustion of combustible materials.
Lors de la combustion de matériaux combustibles, un meilleur rendement et une réduction des résidus polluants de la combustion est souhaitable.When burning combustible materials, better performance and reduction of polluting residues from combustion is desirable.
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de combustion comportant une chambre de combustion, un réacteur primaire et un tube, d'aspiration et d'échappement des gaz, pour lequel le tube d'aspiration et d'échappement des gaz traverse le réacteur primaire. Plus particulièrement, le réacteur primaire débouche dans une chambre de postcombustion et le tube d'aspiration et d'échappement des gaz traversant le réacteur primaire évacue les gaz de postcombustion de la chambre de postcombustion.The present invention relates to a combustion device comprising a combustion chamber, a primary reactor and a gas suction and exhaust pipe, for which the gas suction and exhaust pipe passes through the primary reactor. More particularly, the primary reactor opens into an afterburner chamber and the suction tube and gas exhaust through the primary reactor discharges the afterburner gas from the afterburner.
Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel, le tube d'aspiration et d'échappement des gaz est concentrique au réacteur primaire.According to a preferred embodiment, the gas suction and exhaust tube is concentric with the primary reactor.
Cette configuration permet d'échauffer le comburant par léchage dudit tube qui est avantageusement concentrique au réacteur de combustion.This configuration makes it possible to heat the oxidant by licking said tube, which is advantageously concentric with the combustion reactor.
Ce dispositif permet aussi de faire passer les gaz de postcombustion par le tube d'évacuation lui-même soumis extérieurement à la chaleur de la combustion primaire.This device also makes it possible to pass the afterburner gases through the evacuation tube itself subjected externally to the heat of the primary combustion.
Selon un mode particulier de réalisation, la chambre de combustion est une chambre de combustion primaire recevant le combustible reliée à la chambre de postcombustion par le réacteur primaire. Selon un premier mode de réalisation, l'aspiration des gaz brûlés est réalisée par effet venturi au niveau de la sortie des gaz.According to a particular embodiment, the combustion chamber is a primary combustion chamber receiving the fuel connected to the afterburner by the primary reactor. According to a first embodiment, the exhaust gases are burned by venturi effect at the outlet of the gases.
Selon un mode de réalisation alternatif ou complémentaire, un système d'aspiration traditionnel type ventilateur réalise l'aspiration des gaz hors du tube d'aspiration et d'échappement.According to an alternative or complementary embodiment, a traditional fan-type suction system carries out the suction of the gases out of the suction and exhaust tube.
Avantageusement, une fois la combustion lancée, ledit tube d'aspiration et d'échappement est configuré pour que l'aspiration des gaz brûlés devienne autonome par effet de cheminée une fois la combustion lancée.Advantageously, once the combustion is launched, said suction and exhaust tube is configured so that the exhaust of the burnt gases becomes autonomous by the chimney effect once the combustion is started.
Le réacteur primaire comporte préférablement des lumières d'admission au travers desquelles le comburant est aspiré.The primary reactor preferably comprises intake ports through which the oxidant is sucked.
Le réacteur est en outre avantageusement pourvu de lumières disposées autour du réacteur primaire et au travers desquelles le comburant vient au contact du combustible disposé dans la chambre de combustion.The reactor is also advantageously provided with lights arranged around the primary reactor and through which the oxidant comes into contact with the fuel disposed in the combustion chamber.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront mieux compris à la lecture de la description d'un exemple non limitatif de réalisation de l'invention accompagné des dessins qui représentent: en figure 1 : un exemple de réalisation d'un réacteur selon l'invention en coupe; en figure 2: un exemple de réalisation d'un réacteur primaire pour le réacteur de la figure 1 ; en figure 3: un exemple de réalisation d'un réacteur perfectionné selon l'invention; en figure 4: une vue en perspective coupe d'une cuve de combustion et d'un réacteur primaire selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention; en figure 5: une vue schématique en coupe d'un exemple de réalisation d'un chambre de postcombustion perfectionnée.Other features and advantages of the invention will be better understood on reading the description of a non-limiting embodiment of the invention accompanied by the drawings which show: in FIG. 1: an embodiment of a reactor according to the invention in section; in FIG. 2: an exemplary embodiment of a primary reactor for the reactor of FIG. 1; in FIG. 3: an exemplary embodiment of an improved reactor according to the invention; in FIG. 4: a cutaway perspective view of a combustion vessel and a primary reactor according to a particular embodiment of the invention; in Figure 5: a schematic sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of an improved afterburner chamber.
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de combustion comportant un réacteur de combustion et une chambre de postcombustion dont un exemple est représenté en figure 1. 11 comprend une chambre de combustion 1 , un réacteur de combustion primaire 2, une arrivée de gaz frais constituée de première lumières, lumières d'admission 5 du réacteur primaire 2. Le comburant (air) est aspiré au travers des entrées d'air formées par les lumières d'admission 5 du réacteur primaire 2 et vient au contact du combustibleThe present invention relates to a combustion device comprising a combustion reactor and an afterburner chamber, an example of which is shown in FIG. 1. It comprises a combustion chamber 1, a primary combustion reactor 2, a fresh gas inlet consisting of a first lights, intake ports 5 of the primary reactor 2. The oxidizer (air) is sucked through the air inlets formed by the inlet ports 5 of the primary reactor 2 and comes into contact with the fuel
11 au travers de secondes lumières 3, disposées autour du réacteur primaire 2, et représentées plus particulièrement en figure 2 dans le cas d'un réacteur primaire cylindrique.11 through second lights 3, arranged around the primary reactor 2, and shown more particularly in Figure 2 in the case of a cylindrical primary reactor.
La chambre de combustion 1 est reliée à la chambre de postcombustion 7 par le réacteur primaire 2.The combustion chamber 1 is connected to the afterburner chamber 7 by the primary reactor 2.
Les flammes et les gaz de combustion 8 arrivent depuis le réacteur primaire 2 dans la chambre de postcombustion 7. Le dispositif selon l'exemple comporte un tube 4 d'échappement et d'évacuation des gaz concentrique au tube du réacteur primaire 2.The flames and the combustion gases 8 arrive from the primary reactor 2 in the afterburner chamber 7. The device according to the example comprises a tube 4 for exhaust and gas evacuation concentric with the tube of the primary reactor 2.
Cette disposition permet d'échauffer le comburant par léchage du tube d'échappement des gaz, tube concentrique au réacteur primaire de combustion 2.This arrangement makes it possible to heat the oxidant by licking the gas exhaust tube, concentric tube to the primary combustion reactor 2.
Ce dispositif permet aussi de faire passer les gaz de postcombustion par le tube d'évacuation lui-même soumis extérieurement à la chaleur de la combustion primaire.This device also makes it possible to pass the afterburner gases through the evacuation tube itself subjected externally to the heat of the primary combustion.
Les gaz pauvres produits dans la chambre de combustion 1 peuvent soit être réintroduits dans le réacteur de combustion primaire 2, soit être récupérés pour une autre utilisation. L'aspiration 9 des gaz brûlés 12 peut-être effectuée par un effet venturi ou par un système d'aspiration traditionnel type ventilateur.The poor gases produced in the combustion chamber 1 can either be reintroduced into the primary combustion reactor 2 or be recovered for another use. The exhaust 9 of the flue gas 12 may be effected by a venturi effect or by a conventional suction system type fan.
Une fois la combustion lancée, l'aspiration, l'évacuation et l'échappement des gaz peut devenir autonome par effet de cheminée.Once the combustion is launched, the suction, evacuation and exhaust gas can become autonomous by chimney effect.
Le principe de fonctionnement du dispositif est le suivant: On met en route l'aspiration 9 des gaz brûlés 12.The operating principle of the device is as follows: The suction 9 of the flue gases 12 is started.
Le combustible 11 est introduit dans la chambre de combustion 1 et au démarrage, il est enflammé par un apport extérieur de feu réalisé soit par un brûleur gaz, mazout ou autre énergie 10, flamme introduite soit dans une entrée d'air 5 du réacteur primaire, soit directement dans la chambre de combustion 1 tel que l'on allume un feu de bois.The fuel 11 is introduced into the combustion chamber 1 and at start-up, it is ignited by an external supply of fire produced either by a gas burner, fuel oil or other energy 10, flame introduced into an air inlet 5 of the primary reactor , either directly in the combustion chamber 1 such that a fire is lit.
Par dépression dans la chambre de postcombustion 1 , la réaction de combustion se produit au travers des secondes lumières 3 et s'effectue autour du tube d'évacuation 4 des gaz de postcombustion. La combustion participe au chauffage du tube d'évacuation 4 des gaz et le tube d'évacuation des gaz, passant à l'intérieur du tube réacteur primaire 2, monte en température et réchauffe, à l'entrée du réacteur primaire 2, le comburant (air) rentrant par les lumières d'admission 5. La combustion est améliorée par le réchauffement du comburant (air) par (e tube d'évacuation des gaz 4.By depression in the afterburner 1, the combustion reaction occurs through the second lumens 3 and is performed around the exhaust tube 4 afterburner gas. The combustion contributes to the heating of the gas evacuation tube 4 and the gas evacuation tube, passing inside the primary reactor tube 2, rises in temperature and warms, at the inlet of the primary reactor 2, the oxidant (air) entering through the intake ports 5. The combustion is improved by the heating of the oxidizer (air) by (e) gas evacuation tube 4.
Les gaz de postcombustion 12 sont mieux brûlés car ils passent dans le tube d'évacuation 4 monté au rouge lors de la traversée du réacteur primaire 2.The afterburning gases 12 are better burned because they pass through the evacuation tube 4 mounted red during the passage of the primary reactor 2.
Les gaz pauvres produits dans la chambre de combustion 1 peuvent soit être réintroduits dans le réacteur de combustion primaire 2, soit être récupérés pour une autre utilisation.The poor gases produced in the combustion chamber 1 can either be reintroduced into the primary combustion reactor 2 or be recovered for another use.
Le réglage de la combustion est réalisée par une obturation plus ou moins importante des lumières 3 présentes sur le tube réacteur primaire 2,The adjustment of the combustion is carried out by more or less sealing of the openings 3 present on the primary reactor tube 2,
Lorsque les lumières sont plus ou moins obturées, la quantité de combustible 11 mise au contact du comburant (air) est réduite ou augmentée.When the lights are more or less closed, the amount of fuel 11 brought into contact with the oxidizer (air) is reduced or increased.
Les lumières d'entrée d'air 5 au début du tube réacteur primaire peuvent être plus ou moins obturées pour augmenter ou réduire la quantité de comburant (air) introduite dans le réacteur primaire 2 et le réglage de la puissance d'aspiration des gaz de postcombustion 12 accélère ou ralentit la combustion. Pour aider à la postcombustion, une ou plusieurs entrées d'air réglables 6 sont avantageusement réalisées sur la fin du tube réacteur primaire 2.The air inlet ports 5 at the beginning of the primary reactor tube may be more or less closed to increase or reduce the amount of oxidant (air) introduced into the primary reactor 2 and the adjustment of the suction power of the gases of the reactor. post-combustion 12 accelerates or slows down combustion. To assist in the afterburner, one or more adjustable air inlets 6 are advantageously made on the end of the primary reactor tube 2.
La chambre de postcombustion 7 accueille de manière jointivement étanche le tube du réacteur primaire 2.The afterburner chamber 7 is joined sealingly to the tube of the primary reactor 2.
L'installation fonctionne en position horizontale, verticale ou oblique, la seule nécessité étant de changer le positionnement du chargement de la chambre de combustion 1.The installation operates in horizontal, vertical or oblique position, the only need being to change the position of the combustion chamber 1 load.
La figure 3 représente un dispositif perfectionné selon l'invention pour lequel la cuve est équipée d'un tube 13 en acier réfractaire muni d'une vis sans fin 14, d'amenée de produits à sécher et/ou devant subir une pyrolyse, permettant à certains produits d'être séchés et soumis à une pyrolyse.FIG. 3 represents an improved device according to the invention for which the tank is equipped with a tube 13 made of refractory steel equipped with a worm 14, to supply products to be dried and / or to undergo pyrolysis, allowing certain products to be dried and subjected to pyrolysis.
Selon l'exemple, le tube est chargé à l'extérieur de la cuve au moyen d'un bac 24, le produit traversant la cuve et débouchant en partie haute du réacteur primaire. La vapeur émise lors du séchage est alors aspirée par la dépression et passe en combustion.According to the example, the tube is loaded outside the tank by means of a tank 24, the product passing through the tank and opening in the upper part of the reactor primary. The steam emitted during drying is then sucked by the vacuum and burns.
La vis sans fin est mise en rotation par un moteur 25.The worm is rotated by a motor 25.
La figure 4 représente un perfectionnement de la cuve de combustion. Le réacteur primaire, de par sa configuration, permet la pyrolyse d'un combustible dans sa partie supérieure. Cette pyrolyse permet une combustion parfaite mais, en fonction des produits, peut créer une « voûte » qui peut bloquer la descente du combustible.Figure 4 shows an improvement of the combustion vessel. The primary reactor, by its configuration, allows the pyrolysis of a fuel in its upper part. This pyrolysis allows a perfect combustion but, depending on the products, can create a "vault" that can block the descent of the fuel.
Selon la figure 4, le dispositif comporte des moyens de broyage du combustible qui comportent au moins un mandrin tubulaire 15 traversant la cuve 1 et sont équipés de moyens de malaxage 16. Selon l'exemple, les moyens de broyage du combustible sont composés de deux mandrins tubulaires 15.According to FIG. 4, the device comprises means for grinding the fuel which comprise at least one tubular mandrel 15 passing through the vessel 1 and are equipped with mixing means 16. According to the example, the fuel grinding means are composed of two tubular mandrels 15.
Les mandrins sont par exemple entraînés par un moteur réducteur piloté par un temporisateur non représentés. La figure 5 correspond à une réalisation perfectionnée de la chambre de postcombustion 7.The mandrels are for example driven by a gear motor driven by a timer not shown. FIG. 5 corresponds to an improved embodiment of the afterburner chamber 7.
Cette chambre de postcombustion perfectionnée comporte en premier lieu l'adjonction d'une entrée d'air réglable 17 directement dans ia chambre de postcombustion afin de permettre la combustion totale de certains combustibles demandant plus de comburant que les autres, par exemple des pneus.This improved afterburner comprises firstly the addition of an adjustable air inlet 17 directly in the afterburner chamber to allow the total combustion of certain fuels requiring more oxidant than the others, for example tires.
Cette entrée d'air est réglable selon l'exemple par un clapet 26.This air inlet is adjustable according to the example by a valve 26.
La chambre perfectionnée comporte en second lieu l'adjonction d'un dispositif de régulation de la température de la chambre de postcombustion par création d'un vide 21 entre la chambre 7 elle-même et un isolant thermique 20 l'entourant, et l'ajout de moyens permettant d'insuffler de i'air frais dans ce vide 21 entre les parois externe de la cuve entourant Ia chambre 7 et interne de l'isolant thermique et de refroidir ainsi la cuve entourant (a chambre 7.The improved chamber comprises secondly the addition of a device for regulating the temperature of the afterburner chamber by creating a vacuum 21 between the chamber 7 itself and a thermal insulator 20 surrounding it, and the addition of means for blowing fresh air into this vacuum 21 between the outer walls of the tank surrounding the chamber 7 and internal of the thermal insulation and thereby cooling the surrounding vessel (a chamber 7.
Ce dispositif est notamment utile pour réduire la température de la cuve entourant la chambre de postcombustion 7 lors de la combustion de pneus usagés ou autres produits qui peuvent faire monter la température de cette cuve à plus de 1260° C alors que les matériaux pouvant constituer la cuve sont éventuellement limités en température, par exemple un matériau tels que de l'acier réfractaire ne supporte pas plus de 1200° ce qui impose de limiter la température de la cuve. Le dispositif de régulation de la température permet de maîtriser la température de la cuve de ia chambre de postcombustion 7 lorsqu'elle atteint ou dépasse le seuils de température critiques pour les matériaux la constituant (1200° pour de l'acier réfractaire comme vu précédemment), Les moyens permettant d'insuffler de l'air dans le vide 21 sont réalisés selon l'exemple par un premier conduit 19 ouvert sur l'extérieur, un ventilateur 18 permettant d'ajuster la quantité d'air admis et un conduit 23, d'entrée d'air proprement dite disposé entre le ventilateur et la chambre 7.This device is particularly useful for reducing the temperature of the tank surrounding the afterburner chamber 7 during the combustion of used tires or other products that can raise the temperature of this tank to more than 1260 ° C while the materials may constitute the tank are optionally limited in temperature, for example a material such as refractory steel does not support more than 1200 ° which requires limiting the temperature of the tank. The temperature control device makes it possible to control the temperature of the tank of the afterburner chamber 7 when it reaches or exceeds the critical temperature thresholds for the materials constituting it (1200 ° for refractory steel as previously seen). , The means for blowing air into the vacuum 21 are made according to the example by a first conduit 19 open on the outside, a fan 18 for adjusting the amount of air admitted and a conduit 23, air intake itself disposed between the fan and the chamber 7.
En outre, la récupération par un conduit 22 de cet air surchauffé en sortie du vide peut participer en outre à la réalisation d'un dispositif de récupération d'énergie.In addition, the recovery via a duct 22 of this superheated air at the outlet of the vacuum can further participate in the production of an energy recovery device.
Pour récupérer les déchets de combustion, le dispositif représenté aux figures 3 et 4 comporte un bac récupérateur 27.To recover the combustion waste, the device represented in FIGS. 3 and 4 comprises a recovery tank 27.
L'invention ne se limite pas aux exemples représentés et en particulier, la chambre de combustion primaire 1 recevant le combustible 11 peut être cylindrique, carré, conique ou ovale, rectangulaire ou parallélépipédique, le réacteur primaire 2 peut lui même être cylindrique, carré, conique tronqué, ovale, rectangulaire ou parallélépipédique et percé de lumières 3 permettant le contact du combustible 11 et du comburant (air) de n'importe quel dessin géométrique rond, ovale, rectangle, carré, parallélépipède et, le tube d'évacuation des gaz 4 et disposé à l'intérieur de ce réacteur primaire 2 peut être cylindrique, carré, conique tronqué, ovale, rectangle ou parailélépipédique ou de toute autre section. The invention is not limited to the examples shown and in particular, the primary combustion chamber 1 receiving the fuel 11 may be cylindrical, square, conical or oval, rectangular or parallelepipedic, the primary reactor 2 may itself be cylindrical, square, truncated conical, oval, rectangular or parallelepipedal and pierced with lights 3 allowing the contact of the fuel 11 and the oxidizer (air) of any round, oval, rectangle, square, parallelepiped geometric pattern and the gas evacuation tube 4 and disposed within this primary reactor 2 may be cylindrical, square, truncated conical, oval, rectangle or parailelepiped or any other section.

Claims

R E V E N D I C A T I O N SR E V E N D I C A T IO N S
1 - Dispositif de combustion comportant une chambre de combustion 1 , un réacteur primaire 2 et un tube d'aspiration et d'échappement des gaz 4 pour lequel le tube d'aspiration et d'échappement des gaz 4 traverse le réacteur primaire 2. 2 - dispositif de combustion selon la revendication 1 pour lequel le réacteur primaire 2 débouche dans une chambre de postcombustion 7 et pour lequel le tube d'aspiration et d'échappement des gaz 4 traversant le réacteur primaire évacue les gaz de postcombustion 12 de la chambre de postcombustion 7. 3 - dispositif de combustion selon ia revendication 1 ou 2 pour lequel le tube d'échappement des gaz 4 est concentrique au réacteur primaire 2.1 - Combustion device comprising a combustion chamber 1, a primary reactor 2 and a gas suction and exhaust tube 4 for which the gas suction and exhaust pipe 4 passes through the primary reactor 2. 2 - Combustion device according to claim 1 wherein the primary reactor 2 opens into an afterburner chamber 7 and for which the suction tube and gas exhaust 4 through the primary reactor discharges the afterburner gas 12 of the chamber afterburner 7. 3 - combustion device according to claim 1 or 2 for which the gas exhaust tube 4 is concentric with the primary reactor 2.
4 - dispositif de combustion selon la revendication 2 ou 3 pour lequel la chambre de combustion 1 est une chambre de combustion primaire recevant le combustible 11 et est reliée à la chambre de postcombustion 7 par le réacteur primaire 2.4 - combustion device according to claim 2 or 3 for which the combustion chamber 1 is a primary combustion chamber receiving the fuel 11 and is connected to the afterburner 7 by the primary reactor 2.
5 - dispositif de combustion selon l'une des revendications précédentes pour lequel l'aspiration des gaz brûlés 9 est réalisée par effet venturi au niveau de la sortie des gaz 9.5 - combustion device according to one of the preceding claims wherein the exhaust of the flue gas 9 is produced by the venturi effect at the outlet of the gases 9.
6 - dispositif de combustion selon l'une des revendications précédentes pour lequel le tube d'échappement 4 est configuré pour que l'aspiration des gaz brûlés devienne autonome par effet de cheminée une fois la combustion lancée.6 - combustion device according to one of the preceding claims for which the exhaust tube 4 is configured so that the exhaust gas burns becomes autonomous by stack effect once the combustion launched.
7 - dispositif de combustion selon l'une des revendications précédentes pour lequel le réacteur primaire 2 comporte des premières lumières d'admission 5 au travers desquelles le comburant est aspiré. 8 - dispositif de combustion selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il est pourvu de secondes lumières 3 disposées autour du réacteur primaire 2 et au travers desquelles le comburant vient au contact du combustible disposé dans la chambre de combustion 1 ,7 - combustion device according to one of the preceding claims wherein the primary reactor 2 comprises first inlet ports 5 through which the oxidant is sucked. 8 - combustion device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it is provided with second lights 3 arranged around the primary reactor 2 and through which the oxidant comes into contact with the fuel disposed in the combustion chamber 1,
9 - dispositif de combustion selon l'une des revendications précédentes pour lequel la cuve est équipée d'un tube 13, d'amenée de produits, en acier réfractaire muni d'une vis sans fin 14 d'amenée de produits à sécher et/ou devant subir une pyrolyse.9 - combustion device according to one of the preceding claims for which the vessel is equipped with a tube 13, product feed, steel refractory provided with an endless screw 14 for supplying products to be dried and / or to undergo pyrolysis.
10 - dispositif de combustion sefon i'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de broyage du combustible qui comportent au moins un mandrin tubulaire 15 traversant la cuve 1 et sont équipés de moyens de malaxage 16.10 - combustion device sefon one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises means for grinding the fuel which comprise at least one tubular mandrel 15 through the vessel 1 and are equipped with mixing means 16.
11 - dispositif de combustion selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une entrée d'air réglable 17 directement dans la cuve de postcombustion. 12 - dispositif de combustion selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif de régulation de la température de la chambre de postcombustion par création d'un vide 21 entre la chambre 7 elle- même et un isolant thermique 20 l'entourant et des moyens permettant d'insuffler de l'air frais dans ce vide 21 entre les parois externe de la chambre et interne de l'isolant thermique. 11 - combustion device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises an adjustable air inlet 17 directly into the afterburner. 12 - combustion device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a device for regulating the temperature of the afterburner chamber by creating a vacuum 21 between the chamber 7 itself and a thermal insulator 20 surrounding and means for blowing fresh air into the void 21 between the outer walls of the chamber and internal of the thermal insulation.
PCT/FR2006/050496 2005-05-31 2006-05-31 Combustion device WO2007003830A2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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US11/915,792 US20090286191A1 (en) 2005-05-31 2006-05-31 Dispositif de combustion
EP06794473A EP1896772A2 (en) 2005-05-31 2006-05-31 Combustion device

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FR0505513 2005-05-31
FR0505513A FR2886377B1 (en) 2005-05-31 2005-05-31 COMBUSTION DEVICE WITH PREHEATING OF THE COMBUSTION AIR BY THE POSTCOMBUSTION GAS THEY ARE OVERHEATED BY THEIR PASSAGE AT THE HEART OF THE COMBUSTION

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WO2007003830A2 true WO2007003830A2 (en) 2007-01-11
WO2007003830A3 WO2007003830A3 (en) 2007-02-22

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EP (1) EP1896772A2 (en)
ES (1) ES2333922B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2886377B1 (en)
PT (1) PT103483A (en)
WO (1) WO2007003830A2 (en)

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EA020432B1 (en) * 2012-01-09 2014-11-28 Жиргалбек Омуралиевич САРЫМСАКОВ Heating boiler
EP3377942B1 (en) * 2015-11-20 2023-12-20 ASML Netherlands B.V. Lithographic apparatus and method of operating a lithographic apparatus

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PT103483A (en) 2006-11-30
WO2007003830A3 (en) 2007-02-22
ES2333922B1 (en) 2011-04-14
US20090286191A1 (en) 2009-11-19
FR2886377B1 (en) 2007-11-23
EP1896772A2 (en) 2008-03-12
FR2886377A1 (en) 2006-12-01
ES2333922A1 (en) 2010-03-02

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