EP0040557A1 - Heating device with a heat-recovery system - Google Patents

Heating device with a heat-recovery system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0040557A1
EP0040557A1 EP81400641A EP81400641A EP0040557A1 EP 0040557 A1 EP0040557 A1 EP 0040557A1 EP 81400641 A EP81400641 A EP 81400641A EP 81400641 A EP81400641 A EP 81400641A EP 0040557 A1 EP0040557 A1 EP 0040557A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hearth
box
combustion
heat
evacuation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP81400641A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thierry Pibernat
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Cheminees Richard Le Droff SA
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Cheminees Richard Le Droff SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Cheminees Richard Le Droff SA filed Critical Cheminees Richard Le Droff SA
Publication of EP0040557A1 publication Critical patent/EP0040557A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
    • F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves
    • F24B5/04—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves the air or gas passing downwards through the bottom of the stove of fire grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
    • F24B1/185—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion
    • F24B1/188—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by use of heat exchange means , e.g. using a particular heat exchange medium, e.g. oil, gas  
    • F24B1/1885—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by use of heat exchange means , e.g. using a particular heat exchange medium, e.g. oil, gas   the heat exchange medium being air only
    • F24B1/1886—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by use of heat exchange means , e.g. using a particular heat exchange medium, e.g. oil, gas   the heat exchange medium being air only the heat exchanger comprising only tubular air ducts within the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B7/00—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating 
    • F24B7/04—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating  with internal air ducts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/901—Heat savers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heating device comprising a heat recovery unit.
  • Heating apparatuses which include an inlet for combustion air and a hearth under which is disposed a combustion chamber provided with a flue or flue gas evacuation duct.
  • the heat recuperators in the current chimneys are located at or around the hearth, in the heart and in the hood of the smoke evacuation duct.
  • the solid fuel gives off combustible gases which, in order to ignite, must be brought to a high temperature incompatible with this type of material.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks by using an improved heating device.
  • the selom heating device of the invention comprises at least one inlet 1 for combustion air, a hearth 2 under which is placed a combustion chamber 3, receiving a heat recovery unit 4.
  • the gases burned in the chamber 3 are evacuated by at least one duct 5.
  • the device according to the invention is of the type of those receiving a solid fuel, but it is quite obvious that the arrangements described below can be applied to heating with liquid or gaseous fuels, or with heating appliances of the mixed fuel type.
  • the heater as shown in Figure 1 includes a combustion air inlet located in its upper part. This inlet opens into a large capacity enclosure 6 and can be partially or totally obstructed by a plate 7 this in order to regulate the flow of combustion air.
  • the hearth 2 is equipped with a grid 8 allowing. the communication of the enclosure 6 with the combustion chamber 3. On this grid is disposed the solid fuel 9 introduced into the appliance through an opening 10 situated above the hearth and provided with a folding closing flap I1.
  • the heating appliance In its lower part and in the combustion chamber 3 the heating appliance is provided with an ashtray 14 mounted on slides 12 receiving the combustion waste.
  • a space 13 opens out into the combustion chamber 3 and provided in its upper part with a pipe 15 connected to the exhaust pipe 5. smoke itself connected to enclosure 6.
  • the heat recovery unit 4 in which circulates a heat transfer fluid recovering the calories from the combustion in order to transfer them to a heating installation.
  • the heat recovery unit is mounted with sufficient clearance in the combustion chamber and in space 13.
  • the collector 4 is attached to the heater by any means known to the man of the art does.
  • This recuperator consists of at least two boxes connected to each other 4A and 4B which are housed respectively in the combustion chamber 3 and in space 13.
  • the casing 4A disposed between the ashtray 14 and the hearth 2 is parallel to it or slightly inclined towards the ashtray to facilitate the evacuation of the waste coming from the said hearth in the said ashtray.
  • the box 4A is provided at the free end with a tube 16 through which the heat transfer fluid such as gas or liquid is introduced.
  • the box 4B is provided at the upper end with a tube 17 which comes out of the heat transfer fluid.
  • the heat recovery unit consists of a box 4A to which are connected three boxes 4B in communication with each other and arranged in a space 13 formed between three vertical walls of the enclosure 7 and three vertical walls of the heater.
  • the boxes 4A and 4B are each provided with baffles 18 interior designed to increase the path of the heat transfer fluid so that it recovers during its passage through the recuperator A maximum of calories.
  • the heat from the hearth is directed by the phenomenon of reverse draft in the chamber 3 and in the space 13.
  • the combustion chamber 3 is equipped with at least one channeling means.
  • This means is constituted by a wall 19 substantially vertical and transverse to the exchanger 4A coming to be arranged between the upper wall of said recuperator and the hearth 2.
  • This wall is fixed to the recuperator 4A and to the hearth 2 by all known means and methods.
  • the wall 19 forming screen has a function to obstruct the t chamber 3 with the communication port 13 in the space volume between the top wall of the recuperator 4A and the fireplace so that the heat flow under the action of the reverse draft is channeled towards the front end of said exchanger and bypasses it.
  • the distance separating the front end of the exchanger 4A from the front wall of the heating appliance is greater than the distance separating the lateral sides of said exchanger from the corresponding lateral walls of the appliance so that the most of the heat flow under the action of reverse draft bypasses said end before being directed into space 13.
  • the discharge pipe 15 is provided with a maneuverable flap from the outside and more or less obstructing the passage of smoke.
  • the discharge pipe 5 at the outlet of the enclosure 6 may also be provided with a shutter which can be operated from the outside to partially or completely obstruct the orifice of communication with the said enclosure so as to obtain or not the reverse draft. .
  • FIGS.'3 and 4 is shown an open hearth heating appliance such as an apartment chimney operating on the principle of reverse combustion and provided with a heat recuperator of the same type as that previously described.
  • the chimney according to the invention comprises a hearth under which is disposed a combustion chamber 20 in communication with a vertical duct 21, placed in the reluctant opening into the hood.
  • the combustion chamber is delimited by two side walls 22, by a front wall 23 and on which is placed or fixed a horizontal hearth plate 24 provided with a transverse orifice, for example rectangular, receiving a grate 25 on which is placed the fuel located preferably near reluctantly.
  • the side walls 22 and the front wall 23 are advantageously made of refractory materials recalling the traditional appearance of chimneys.
  • the front wall 23 is provided with an orifice through which an ashtray 26 for recovering combustion waste is engaged in the fuel chamber.
  • the vertical duct 21 is formed by a recess in the counter-core covered by a vertical chimney plate 27 fixed to the said core against all known means.
  • the heat recovery unit 4 comprising a box 4A, housed in the combustion chamber, in communication with a vertical box 4B housed in the duct 21.
  • the box 4A is slightly inclined towards the ashtray to facilitate the evacuation of the combustion waste.
  • a flap 28 which can be operated from the outside more or less obstructing the said flue to regulate the chimney draft.
  • a plate 29 forming a screen so that the heat flow from the hearth bypasses the front end of said box.
  • the heat recovery unit 4 is mounted in a passenger compartment, constituted by metal sheets assembled to each other by any known means and methods comprising a combustion chamber in communication with a conduit.
  • This cockpit provided with a horizontal hearth plate with grid comes to rest or be fixed on the hearth of the chimney and to be pressed against the heart.
  • the box 4B substantially follows the shape of an isosceles trapezium, the largest base of which forms its lower side so that the said box has an exchange surface in its upper part less than its lower part to reduce heat losses at its upper part.
  • air is preferably used as the heat transfer fluid, which is introduced by means of an accelerator or a vacuum cleaner into the exchanger 4. At the outlet of the box 4B, this heated air is recovered by a channeling system to be distributed in the dwelling. It is obvious that any other heat transfer fluid can be used. This is how we can provide a heat recovery unit receiving a liquid such as water to supply a cumulus.
  • a heat recuperator with mixed heat transfer fluid for example air or water, can be provided.
  • the heat recovery unit can be equipped with baffles to channel the air flow and a coil in which the water circulates.
  • provision may be made in the combustion chamber and at the level of the grate an inlet of preheated combustion air in contact with the hearth to facilitate the ignition of combustible gases.
  • the heating devices as described operating on the principle of reverse draft allow a significant saving of fuel while increasing the heat output.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

L'appareil de chauffage selon l'invention comportant au moins une arrivée d'air comburant, un foyer à grille (25), un cendrier (26) de récupération des déchets de combustion, une évacuation des fumées (21), se caractérise essentiellement par l'association d'une chambre de combustion (20) placée sous le foyer à tirage inversé avec un récupérateur de chaleur (4).The heating apparatus according to the invention comprising at least one combustion air inlet, a grate hearth (25), an ashtray (26) for recovering combustion waste, a smoke evacuation (21), is essentially characterized by the association of a combustion chamber (20) placed under the reverse-draft fireplace with a heat recovery unit (4).

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un appareil de chauffage comportant un récupérateur de chaleur. On connaît des appareils de chauffage comportant une arrivée d'air comburant et un foyer sous lequel est disposée une chambre de combustion dotée d'un conduit d'évacuation des gaz brulés ou des fumées.The present invention relates to a heating device comprising a heat recovery unit. Heating apparatuses are known which include an inlet for combustion air and a hearth under which is disposed a combustion chamber provided with a flue or flue gas evacuation duct.

Dans ce type de matériel, la combustion du combustible s'effectue vers le bas ce qui permet de bruler une grande partie des gaz dégagés, évitant ainsi tout dépot de goudron et autres dans le conduit d'évacuation.In this type of equipment, the combustion of the fuel takes place downwards, which makes it possible to burn a large part of the gases released, thus avoiding any deposit of tar and the like in the exhaust duct.

La combustion complète des gaz combustibles permet d'augmenter notablement le rendement calorifique de tels appareils. De par sa conception, ce type de matériel ne peut chauffer que la pièce où il est situé et ne peut par exemple constituer une source de chaleur d'un système de chauffage central.The complete combustion of combustible gases makes it possible to significantly increase the heat output of such devices. By design, this type of equipment can only heat the room where it is located and cannot, for example, constitute a heat source for a central heating system.

On connaît également des systèmes de chauffage à foyer ouvert tel que cheminées équipées pour accroître leur rendement calorifique de récupérateur de chaleur.There are also known open hearth heating systems such as chimneys equipped to increase their heat recovery efficiency.

Les récupérateurs de chaleur dans les cheminées-actuelles sont situées au niveau du foyer ou autour de celui-ci, dans le contre coeur et dans la hotte du conduit d'évacuation des fumées.The heat recuperators in the current chimneys are located at or around the hearth, in the heart and in the hood of the smoke evacuation duct.

Lors de sa combustion, le combustible solide dégage des gaz combustibles qui pour s'enflammer doivent être portés à une température élevée incompatible avec ce type de matériel.During combustion, the solid fuel gives off combustible gases which, in order to ignite, must be brought to a high temperature incompatible with this type of material.

Ces gaz non brulés se déposent en se condensant dans le conduit d'évacuation et sur le récupérateur de chaleur montés dans la hotte ce qui se traduit à la longue par une baisse de tirage et par une baisse de rendement calorifique.These unburned gases are deposited by condensing in the exhaust duct and on the heat recovery unit mounted in the hood, which in the long term results in a reduction in draft and a reduction in heat output.

De plus pour assurer un tirage correct, les fumées au cours de leur évacuation doivent conserver une température suffisante et céder une faible partie de leurs calories ce qui restreint la faculté de récupération des échangeurs de chaleur connus.In addition to ensure correct draft, the fumes during their evacuation must maintain a sufficient temperature and give up a small part of their calories, which restricts the recovery capacity of known heat exchangers.

La présente invention a pour objet de pallier- aux inconvénients énoncés, ci-dessus en mettant en oeuvre un appareil de chauffage perfectionné.The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks by using an improved heating device.

L'invention est exposée en détail suivant une forme préférentielle de réalisation en se référant aux dessins annexés en lesquels :

  • - La figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un appareil de chauffage selon l'invention.
  • - La figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe suivant la ligne AA de la figure 1.
  • - La figure 3 est une vue schématique d'une cheminée selon l'invention.
  • - La figure 4 est une vue de trois quart arrière en perspective de la cheminée selon l'invention.
The invention is described in detail according to a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a heating device according to the invention.
  • - Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view along line AA of Figure 1.
  • - Figure 3 is a schematic view of a fireplace according to the invention.
  • - Figure 4 is a perspective rear quarter view of the chimney according to the invention.

Comme représenté, l'appareil de chauffage selom l'invention comprend au moins une arrivée 1 d'air comburant, un foyer 2 sous lequel est placée une chambre de combustion 3, recevant un récupérateur de chaleur 4. Les gaz brulés dans la chambre 3 sont évacués par au moins un cnnduit 5.As shown, the selom heating device of the invention comprises at least one inlet 1 for combustion air, a hearth 2 under which is placed a combustion chamber 3, receiving a heat recovery unit 4. The gases burned in the chamber 3 are evacuated by at least one duct 5.

Comme on peut le voir à l'examen des figures 1 et 2 l'appareil selon l'invention est du type de ceux recevant un combustible solide, mais il est bien évident que les aménagements ci-après décrits peuvent être appliqués a des appareils de chauffage à combustibles liquides ou gazeux, ou à des appareils de chauffage du type à combustible mixte.As can be seen on examining FIGS. 1 and 2, the device according to the invention is of the type of those receiving a solid fuel, but it is quite obvious that the arrangements described below can be applied to heating with liquid or gaseous fuels, or with heating appliances of the mixed fuel type.

L'appareil de chauffage tel que représenté en figure 1 comprend une arrivée d'air comburant située dans sa partie supérieure. Cette arrivée débouche dans une enceinte de grande capacité 6 et peut être partiellement ou totalement obstruée par une plaque 7 ceci afin de régler le débit d'air comburant. Le foyer 2 est équipé d'une grille 8 permettant. la communication de l'enceinte 6 avec la chambre de combustion 3. Sur cette grille est disposé le combustible solide 9 introduit dans l'appareil par une ouverture 10 située au-dessus du foyer et pourvue d'un volet rabattable de fermeture I1.The heater as shown in Figure 1 includes a combustion air inlet located in its upper part. This inlet opens into a large capacity enclosure 6 and can be partially or totally obstructed by a plate 7 this in order to regulate the flow of combustion air. The hearth 2 is equipped with a grid 8 allowing. the communication of the enclosure 6 with the combustion chamber 3. On this grid is disposed the solid fuel 9 introduced into the appliance through an opening 10 situated above the hearth and provided with a folding closing flap I1.

Dans sa partie inférieure et dans la chambre de combustion 3 l'appareil de chauffage est doté d'un cendrier 14 monté sur glissières 12 recevant les déchets de combustion.In its lower part and in the combustion chamber 3 the heating appliance is provided with an ashtray 14 mounted on slides 12 receiving the combustion waste.

Entre au moins une des parois de l'enceinte et une des parois de l'appareil de chauffage est ménagé un espace 13 débouchant dans la chambre de combustion 3 et pourvu dans sa partie supérieure d'une tubulure 15 raccordée au conduit 5 d'évacuation des fumées lui-même raccordé à l'enceinte 6.Between at least one of the walls of the enclosure and one of the walls of the heating appliance, a space 13 opens out into the combustion chamber 3 and provided in its upper part with a pipe 15 connected to the exhaust pipe 5. smoke itself connected to enclosure 6.

Dans la chambre de combustion 3 et dans l'espace 13 est monté le récupérateur de chaleur 4 dans lequel circule un fluide caloporteur récupérant les calories issues de la combustion pour les céder à une installation de chauffage.In the combustion chamber 3 and in the space 13 is mounted the heat recovery unit 4 in which circulates a heat transfer fluid recovering the calories from the combustion in order to transfer them to a heating installation.

Pour faciliter le tirage de l'appareil depuis le foyer jusqu'à la tubulure d'évacuation 15, le récupérateur de chaleur est monté avec un jeu suffisant dans la chambre de combustion et dans l'espace 13.To facilitate the drawing of the appliance from the hearth to the discharge pipe 15, the heat recovery unit is mounted with sufficient clearance in the combustion chamber and in space 13.

Le récupérateur 4 est fixé à l'appareil de chauffage par tous moyens connus de l'homme de ltart.The collector 4 is attached to the heater by any means known to the man of the art does.

Ce récupérateur est constitué par au moins deux caissons raccordés l'un à l'autre 4A et 4B venant respectivement se loger dans la chambre de combustion 3 et dans l'espace 13.This recuperator consists of at least two boxes connected to each other 4A and 4B which are housed respectively in the combustion chamber 3 and in space 13.

Le càisson 4A disposé entre le cendrier 14 et le foyer 2 est parallèle à celui-ci ou légèrement incliné vers le cendrier pour faciliter l'évacuation des déchets issus du dit foyer dans le dit cendrier.The casing 4A disposed between the ashtray 14 and the hearth 2 is parallel to it or slightly inclined towards the ashtray to facilitate the evacuation of the waste coming from the said hearth in the said ashtray.

Le caisson 4A est doté en extrémité libre d'une tubulure 16 par laquelle est introduit le fluide caloporteur tel que gaz ou liquide. Le caisson 4B est doté en extrémité supérieure d'une tubulure 17 dessortie du fluide caloporteur.The box 4A is provided at the free end with a tube 16 through which the heat transfer fluid such as gas or liquid is introduced. The box 4B is provided at the upper end with a tube 17 which comes out of the heat transfer fluid.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté aux figures 1 et 2, le récupérateur de chaleur est constitué par un caisson 4A auquel sont raccordés trois caissons 4B en communication les uns avec les autres et disposés dans un espace 13 ménagé entre trois parois verticales de l'enceinte 7 et trois parois verticales de l'appareil de chauffage.In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the heat recovery unit consists of a box 4A to which are connected three boxes 4B in communication with each other and arranged in a space 13 formed between three vertical walls of the enclosure 7 and three vertical walls of the heater.

De préférence les caissons 4A et 4B sont dotés chacun de chicanes 18 intérieures visant à augmenter le trajet du fluide caloporteur en sorte que celui-ci récupère lors de son passage dans les récupérateur Un maxima de calories.Preferably the boxes 4A and 4B are each provided with baffles 18 interior designed to increase the path of the heat transfer fluid so that it recovers during its passage through the recuperator A maximum of calories.

Lors du fonctionnement de l'appareil de chauffage, la chaleur issue du foyer est dirigée par le phénomène de tirage inversé dans la chambre 3 et dans l'espace 13.During the operation of the heating appliance, the heat from the hearth is directed by the phenomenon of reverse draft in the chamber 3 and in the space 13.

La quantité d'air comburant en excès et non employée pour la combustion du combustible subit un préchauffage lors de son passage au travers des braises du foyer ce qui la rend apte à enflammer les gaz combustibles augmentant ainsi la puissance calorifique de l'appareil et diminuant le risque de dépot de goudron dans le conduit d'évacuation, dans l'espace 13 et la chambre 3.The quantity of excess oxidizing air and not used for the combustion of the fuel undergoes preheating during its passage through the embers of the hearth which makes it suitable for igniting the combustible gases thus increasing the calorific power of the appliance and decreasing the risk of tar deposits in the exhaust duct, in space 13 and chamber 3.

Pour canaliser le flux de chaleur issu du foyer sur toute la surface d'échange des récupérateurs 4A et 4B, la chambre de combustion 3 est équipée d'au moins un moyen de canalisation. Ce moyen est constitué par une paroi 19 sensiblement verticale et transversale à l'échangeur 4A venant se disposer entre la paroi supérieure du dit récupérateur et le foyer 2. Cette paroi est fixée au récupérateur 4A et au foyer 2 par tous moyens et procédés connus.To channel the heat flow from the hearth over the entire exchange surface of the recuperators 4A and 4B, the combustion chamber 3 is equipped with at least one channeling means. This means is constituted by a wall 19 substantially vertical and transverse to the exchanger 4A coming to be arranged between the upper wall of said recuperator and the hearth 2. This wall is fixed to the recuperator 4A and to the hearth 2 by all known means and methods.

La paroi 19 constituant écran a pour fonction d'obstruer ltorifice de communication de la chambre 3 avec l'espace 13 dans le volume situé entre la paroi supérieure du récupérateur 4A et le foyer en sorte que le flux de chaleur sous l'action du tirage inversé soit canalisé vers l'extrémité avant du dit échangeur et le contourne.The wall 19 forming screen has a function to obstruct the t chamber 3 with the communication port 13 in the space volume between the top wall of the recuperator 4A and the fireplace so that the heat flow under the action of the reverse draft is channeled towards the front end of said exchanger and bypasses it.

De préférence, la distance séparant l'extrémité avant de l'échangeur 4A de la paroi avant de l'appareil de chauffage est plus importante que la distance séparant les côtés latéraux du dit échangeur des parois latérales correspondantes de l'appareil en sorte que la majeure partie du flux de chaleur sous l'action du tirage inversé contourne la dite extrémité avant d'être dirigée dans l'espace 13.Preferably, the distance separating the front end of the exchanger 4A from the front wall of the heating appliance is greater than the distance separating the lateral sides of said exchanger from the corresponding lateral walls of the appliance so that the most of the heat flow under the action of reverse draft bypasses said end before being directed into space 13.

Pour régler le tirage la tubulure d'évacuation 15 est pourvue d'un volet manoeuwrable depuis l'extérieur et obstruant plus ou moins le passage des fumées.To adjust the draft, the discharge pipe 15 is provided with a maneuverable flap from the outside and more or less obstructing the passage of smoke.

La conduite d'évacuation 5 à la sortie de l'enceinte 6 pourra être également dotée d'un volet manoeuvrable depuis l'extérieur pour obstruer partiellement ou totalement l'orifice de communication avec la dite enceinte de manière à obtenir ou non le tirage inversé.The discharge pipe 5 at the outlet of the enclosure 6 may also be provided with a shutter which can be operated from the outside to partially or completely obstruct the orifice of communication with the said enclosure so as to obtain or not the reverse draft. .

En figures.'3 et 4 est représenté un appareil de chauffage à foyer ouvert telle une cheminée d'appartement fonctionnant sur le principe de la combustion inversée et pourvu d'un récupérateur de chaleur du même type que celui précédemment décrit.In Figures.'3 and 4 is shown an open hearth heating appliance such as an apartment chimney operating on the principle of reverse combustion and provided with a heat recuperator of the same type as that previously described.

La cheminée selon l'invention comprend un foyer sous lequel est disposée une chambre de combustion 20 en communication avec un conduit 21 vertical, placé dans le contre-coeur débouchant dans la hotte.The chimney according to the invention comprises a hearth under which is disposed a combustion chamber 20 in communication with a vertical duct 21, placed in the reluctant opening into the hood.

La chambre de combustion est délimitée par deux parois latérales 22, par une paroi avant 23 et sur lesquelles est posée ou fixée une plaque foyère horizontale 24 pourvue d'un orifice transversal par exemple rectangulaire recevant une grille 25 sur laquelle est placé le combustible située de préférence à proximité du contre-coeur.The combustion chamber is delimited by two side walls 22, by a front wall 23 and on which is placed or fixed a horizontal hearth plate 24 provided with a transverse orifice, for example rectangular, receiving a grate 25 on which is placed the fuel located preferably near reluctantly.

Les parois latérales 22 et la paroi avant 23 sont avantageusement constituées en matériaux réfractaires rappelant l'aspect traditionnel des cheminées.The side walls 22 and the front wall 23 are advantageously made of refractory materials recalling the traditional appearance of chimneys.

La paroi avant 23 est dotée d'un orifice par lequel est engagé dans la chambre de combustible un cendrier 26 de récupération des déchets de combustion.The front wall 23 is provided with an orifice through which an ashtray 26 for recovering combustion waste is engaged in the fuel chamber.

Le conduit vertical 21 est formé par un évidement ménagé dans le contre-coeur recouvert par une plaque de cheminée 27 verticale fixée sur le dit contre-coeur par tous moyens connus.The vertical duct 21 is formed by a recess in the counter-core covered by a vertical chimney plate 27 fixed to the said core against all known means.

Dans la chambre de combustion 20 et dans le conduit 21 est monté avec jeu le récupérateur de chaleur 4 comportant un caisson 4A, logé dans la chambre de combustion, en communication avec un caisson vertical 4B logé dans le conduit 21.In the combustion chamber 20 and in the duct 21 is mounted with clearance the heat recovery unit 4 comprising a box 4A, housed in the combustion chamber, in communication with a vertical box 4B housed in the duct 21.

Comme expliqué plus avant le caisson 4A est légèrement incliné vers le cendrier pour faciliter l'évacuation des déchets de combustion.As explained above, the box 4A is slightly inclined towards the ashtray to facilitate the evacuation of the combustion waste.

En amont du caisson 4B dans le conduit 21 est disposé un volet 28 manoeuvrable de l'extérieur obstruant plus ou moins le dit conduit pour régler le tirage de la cheminée.Upstream of the box 4B in the conduit 21 is disposed a flap 28 which can be operated from the outside more or less obstructing the said flue to regulate the chimney draft.

Comme précédemment décrit entre le caisson 4A et la foyer est disposée une plaque 29 formant écran en sorte que le flux de chaleur issu du foyer contourne l'extrémité avant du dit caisson.As previously described between the box 4A and the hearth is disposed a plate 29 forming a screen so that the heat flow from the hearth bypasses the front end of said box.

Selon une autre forme de réalisation visant à adapter les aménagements décrits à des cheminées existantes, le récupérateur de chaleur 4 est monté dans un habitacle, constitué par des tôles métalliques assemblées les unes aux autres par tout moyens et procédés connus comportant une chambre de combustion en communication avec un conduit.According to another embodiment aimed at adapting the arrangements described to existing chimneys, the heat recovery unit 4 is mounted in a passenger compartment, constituted by metal sheets assembled to each other by any known means and methods comprising a combustion chamber in communication with a conduit.

Cet habitacle pourvu d'une plaque foyère horizontale avec grille vient se poser ou se fixer sur le foyer de la cheminée et se plaquer contre le contre-coeur.This cockpit provided with a horizontal hearth plate with grid comes to rest or be fixed on the hearth of the chimney and to be pressed against the heart.

Suivant une autre forme de réalisation comme représenté en fig.4, le caisson 4B épouse sensiblement la forme d'un trapèze isocèle dont la plus grande base constitue son côté inférieur en sorte que le dit caisson présente dans sa partie supérieure une surface d'échange moindre par rapport à sa partie inférieure pour réduire les pertes calorifiques au niveau de sa partie supérieure.According to another embodiment as shown in FIG. 4, the box 4B substantially follows the shape of an isosceles trapezium, the largest base of which forms its lower side so that the said box has an exchange surface in its upper part less than its lower part to reduce heat losses at its upper part.

Dans les matériels précédemment décrits on emploie de préférence comme fluide caloporteur de l'air que l'on introduit au moyen d'un accélérateur ou d'un aspirateur dans l'échangeur 4. A la sortie du caisson 4B cet air chauffé est récupéré par un système de canalisation pour être réparti dans l'habitation. Il est bien évident que tout autre fluide caloporteur peut être utilisé. C'est ainsi que l'on pourra prévoir un récupérateur de chaleur recevant un liquide tel de l'eau pour alimenter un cumulus.In the materials described above, air is preferably used as the heat transfer fluid, which is introduced by means of an accelerator or a vacuum cleaner into the exchanger 4. At the outlet of the box 4B, this heated air is recovered by a channeling system to be distributed in the dwelling. It is obvious that any other heat transfer fluid can be used. This is how we can provide a heat recovery unit receiving a liquid such as water to supply a cumulus.

Sur le même principe on pourra prévoir un récupérateur de chaleur à fluide caloporteur mixte par exemple à air ou à eau.On the same principle, a heat recuperator with mixed heat transfer fluid, for example air or water, can be provided.

A cet effet, le récupérateur de chaleur pourra être équipé de chicanes pour canaliser le flux d'air et d'un serpentin dans lequel circule l'eau.For this purpose, the heat recovery unit can be equipped with baffles to channel the air flow and a coil in which the water circulates.

En outre, pour augmenter le rendement thermique de ces appareils on pourra prévoir dans la chambre de combustion et au niveau de la grille une arrivée d'air comburant préchauffé au contact du foyer pour faciliter l'inflammation des gaz combustibles. Les appareils de chauffage tels que décrits fonctionnant sur le principe du tirage inversé permettent une économie importante de combustible tout en augmentant le rendement calorifique.In addition, to increase the thermal efficiency of these devices, provision may be made in the combustion chamber and at the level of the grate an inlet of preheated combustion air in contact with the hearth to facilitate the ignition of combustible gases. The heating devices as described operating on the principle of reverse draft allow a significant saving of fuel while increasing the heat output.

Il est bien évident que la présente invention peut recevoir tous aménagements ou toutes variantes sans pour autant sortir du cadre du présent brevet.It is obvious that the present invention can receive all arrangements or all variants without departing from the scope of this patent.

Claims (6)

1. Appareil de chauffage comportant au moins une arrivée d'air comburant, un foyer (2) à grille, un cendrier (14) de récupération des déchets de la combustion, une évacuation des fumées (5), une chambre de combustion (3), (20) sous le foyer à tirage inversé et un dispositif récupérateur de chaleur (4) alimenté en fluide caloporteur positionné partiellement sous le dit foyer caractérisé en ce que le dit dispositif récupérateur de chaleur comporte au moins un caisson (4A) situé sous le foyer dans le cendrier et écarté des parois de l'appareil, l'arrière du dit caisson étant raccordé à la plaque foyère par un obstacle (19), (29) en sorte que les gaz de combustion soient amenés pour rejoindre l'évacuation de fumées derrière et/ou latéralement au foyer à passer au-dessus puis au-dessous du dit caisson.1. Heating appliance comprising at least one combustion air supply, a grate (2), an ashtray (14) for recovering combustion waste, a smoke evacuation (5), a combustion chamber (3 ), (20) under the reverse draft hearth and a heat recovery device (4) supplied with heat transfer fluid partially positioned under said hearth characterized in that said heat recovery device comprises at least one box (4A) located under the hearth in the ashtray and away from the walls of the appliance, the rear of said box being connected to the hearth plate by an obstacle (19), (29) so that the combustion gases are brought to join the evacuation smoke behind and / or lateral to the hearth to pass above then below said box. 2. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que un deuxième caisson vertical (4B) raccordé au précédent (4A) disposé dans une enceinte (13), (21) en relation avec la chambre de combustion et l'évacuation des fumées (13) est écarté des parois de la dite enceinte (13) en sorte qu'il soit contourné par les gaz chauds lors de leur évacuation.2. Heating device according to claim 1 characterized in that a second vertical box (4B) connected to the previous one (4A) disposed in an enclosure (13), (21) in relation to the combustion chamber and the evacuation of the fumes (13) is separated from the walls of said enclosure (13) so that it is bypassed by hot gases during their evacuation. 3. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 1 et la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que la surface dtéchange du récupérateur de chaleur (4) est décroissante du caisson inférieur (4A) où les échanges thermiques sont les plus importants au caisson (4B) où les échanges thermiques sont moins importants.3. A heating apparatus according to claim 1 and claim 2 characterized in that the surface T exchange heat recovery (4) decreases from the bottom chamber (4A) where the thermal exchanges are most important to the housing (4B) where heat exchanges are less important. 4.Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le caisson inférieur (4A) est incliné par rapport à la plaque foyère vers l'avant pour faciliter l'évacuation des cendres.4.Heater according to claim 1 characterized in that the lower box (4A) is inclined relative to the hearth plate forwards to facilitate the evacuation of the ashes. 5. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le caisson (4A) récupérateur de chaleur est positionné dans la chambre de combustion au contact de la combustion.5. Heating device according to claim 1 characterized in that the box (4A) heat recovery is positioned in the combustion chamber in contact with the combustion. 6. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que entre la chambre de combustion (3),(20) l'enceinte (13),(21) et le caisson (4A) est disposé un moyen de canalisation (19),(29) en sorte que le flux de chaleur soit canalisé sous l'action du tirage inversé vers l'extrémité avant du dit échangeur et le contourne.6. Heating device according to claim 1 characterized in that between the combustion chamber (3), (20) the enclosure (13), (21) and the box (4A) is disposed a channeling means (19) , (29) so that the heat flow is channeled under the action of reverse draft towards the front end of said exchanger and bypasses it.
EP81400641A 1980-05-21 1981-04-23 Heating device with a heat-recovery system Withdrawn EP0040557A1 (en)

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FR8011742A FR2483053A1 (en) 1980-05-21 1980-05-21 HEATING APPARATUS COMPRISING A HEAT RECOVERY
FR8011742 1980-05-21

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EP0040557A1 true EP0040557A1 (en) 1981-11-25

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CA (1) CA1176527A (en)
ES (1) ES502905A0 (en)
FR (1) FR2483053A1 (en)

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FR2505986A1 (en) * 1981-05-13 1982-11-19 Sirie Jean Inverse air draught fireplace with heat recuperator - has top to bottom water flow heated by escaping gases
FR2518223A1 (en) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-17 Barboiron Francois Heat recuperator for reverse draught fireplace - has air-heating duct around hearth with fire basket
FR2518224A1 (en) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-17 Girard Jean Pierre Heat recuperator for open fireplace - has air heating enclosure and reverse draught hearth with heat exchanger
FR2529647A1 (en) * 1982-06-30 1984-01-06 Sourrouille Christian Chimney with an open fire comprising a device for recuperating heat and a means for adjusting the draft for combustion
FR2552529A1 (en) * 1983-09-22 1985-03-29 Suderie Michel Heat recuperator using water
FR2556821A1 (en) * 1983-12-14 1985-06-21 Ledroff Sa Cheminees Richard Heating apparatus of the inverted combustion type, used more particularly for open hearths
FR2565329A1 (en) * 1984-05-30 1985-12-06 Muller Anny Closed hearth, especially chimney/stove equipped with a reverse draught device
GB2162306A (en) * 1984-07-19 1986-01-29 Newman Frederick George Domestic fireplace
WO2010151094A1 (en) * 2009-06-24 2010-12-29 Sarymsakov Jirgalbek Omuralievitch Solid fuel combustion method and device
EP2397765A1 (en) * 2010-06-10 2011-12-21 E.W.M. Limited Fuel-burning stove
CN107166437A (en) * 2017-07-18 2017-09-15 日照市光润模具制造有限公司 Multifunctional straight burns anti-burning heating stove

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EP0111538A4 (en) * 1982-06-10 1985-02-28 Edwin A Price Fin-type heat exchanger.
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US4641590A (en) * 1985-07-12 1987-02-10 Pope William T Liquid heating system
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KR101097240B1 (en) * 2003-04-01 2011-12-21 가부시키가이샤 에바라 세이사꾸쇼 Method and apparatus for treating exhaust gas
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EP2343482A1 (en) * 2010-01-08 2011-07-13 Thermic Investments S.A. Heating device equipped with fuel regulation
AU2013334488A1 (en) * 2012-10-26 2015-06-11 Neal Alexander BOWERS Wood fuelled heating stove
US10495300B2 (en) * 2016-11-23 2019-12-03 Liberator, LLC Highly efficient wood stove/heater
RU2755110C1 (en) * 2021-02-04 2021-09-13 Григорий Иванович Егоров Heating furnace

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2505986A1 (en) * 1981-05-13 1982-11-19 Sirie Jean Inverse air draught fireplace with heat recuperator - has top to bottom water flow heated by escaping gases
FR2518223A1 (en) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-17 Barboiron Francois Heat recuperator for reverse draught fireplace - has air-heating duct around hearth with fire basket
FR2518224A1 (en) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-17 Girard Jean Pierre Heat recuperator for open fireplace - has air heating enclosure and reverse draught hearth with heat exchanger
FR2529647A1 (en) * 1982-06-30 1984-01-06 Sourrouille Christian Chimney with an open fire comprising a device for recuperating heat and a means for adjusting the draft for combustion
FR2552529A1 (en) * 1983-09-22 1985-03-29 Suderie Michel Heat recuperator using water
FR2556821A1 (en) * 1983-12-14 1985-06-21 Ledroff Sa Cheminees Richard Heating apparatus of the inverted combustion type, used more particularly for open hearths
FR2565329A1 (en) * 1984-05-30 1985-12-06 Muller Anny Closed hearth, especially chimney/stove equipped with a reverse draught device
GB2162306A (en) * 1984-07-19 1986-01-29 Newman Frederick George Domestic fireplace
WO2010151094A1 (en) * 2009-06-24 2010-12-29 Sarymsakov Jirgalbek Omuralievitch Solid fuel combustion method and device
EA016403B1 (en) * 2009-06-24 2012-04-30 Жиргалбек Омуралиевич САРЫМСАКОВ Method for combustion solid fuel and device therefor
EP2397765A1 (en) * 2010-06-10 2011-12-21 E.W.M. Limited Fuel-burning stove
CN107166437A (en) * 2017-07-18 2017-09-15 日照市光润模具制造有限公司 Multifunctional straight burns anti-burning heating stove

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4397293A (en) 1983-08-09
ES8204132A1 (en) 1982-04-01
FR2483053A1 (en) 1981-11-27
CA1176527A (en) 1984-10-23
FR2483053B1 (en) 1984-01-06
ES502905A0 (en) 1982-04-01

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