WO2007003139A1 - Procédé de transport d’un câble d’électrode et dispositif destiné à cet usage - Google Patents

Procédé de transport d’un câble d’électrode et dispositif destiné à cet usage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007003139A1
WO2007003139A1 PCT/CN2006/001566 CN2006001566W WO2007003139A1 WO 2007003139 A1 WO2007003139 A1 WO 2007003139A1 CN 2006001566 W CN2006001566 W CN 2006001566W WO 2007003139 A1 WO2007003139 A1 WO 2007003139A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wire
damper
clutch
electric discharge
motor
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PCT/CN2006/001566
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Shuping Zhong
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Shuping Zhong
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Publication date
Application filed by Shuping Zhong filed Critical Shuping Zhong
Publication of WO2007003139A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007003139A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H7/00Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
    • B23H7/02Wire-cutting
    • B23H7/08Wire electrodes
    • B23H7/10Supporting, winding or electrical connection of wire-electrode
    • B23H7/104Wire tension control

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of wire electric discharge machine tools, and relates to a wire wire (or wire electrode) constant tension wire feeding method of a wire electric discharge machine tool and a corresponding device thereof. Background technique
  • the existing fast wire-cut EDM wire cutting machine tools are single-tube electric discharge wire cutting machine tools, and the wire paths of the machine tools are closed, in order to overcome the tensile growth of the electrode wire during processing (hereinafter referred to as the elongated electrode wire)
  • the effect on the stability of the wire tension is usually a device that changes the length of the wire path to temporarily reduce the effect of the elongated wire on the tension stability of the wire.
  • the disadvantage is that the variable path The length is limited and the device fails when the elongated wire is accumulated to a certain extent.
  • a double-tube electric discharge wire cutting machine tool which performs two-way reciprocating transfer movement between the two wire cylinders and an open electrode wire is produced, such as
  • the spin-type electric discharge wire-cutting machine disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN1037900C which realizes the high-speed rotation of the electrode wire in the wire-traveling mechanism while performing linear motion through the differential rotation speed of the main shaft and the winding drum and the sequential wire-discharging mechanism, and the solution thereof is solved at a high speed.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wire tension constant wire transporting method for a wire electric discharge machine tool and a wire carrying device for completing the above wire feeding method, in order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, so as to solve the wire wire in the wire
  • the tension generated during the process is not constant.
  • the problem of work instability so as to improve the processing precision, processing efficiency and surface quality of the workpiece.
  • the present invention provides: a constant tension wire transporting method for a wire electric discharge machine tool, comprising a bidirectional reciprocating transfer motion between the two wire cylinders, the electrode wire being in the process of reciprocating wire transport,
  • the wire of the reciprocating transfer movement is subjected to the driving force provided by the one wire barrel, and is also subjected to the damping force of the other wire tube in the opposite direction, and the driving force and the damping force are The differences are equal. In this way, the wire can maintain a constant tension throughout the working process.
  • the driving force of the wire drum is supplied by the motor through the clutch and the transmission device, and the clutch is disengaged and combined, so that the drum is not driven by the driving force of the motor, and correspondingly, the damping force of the other wire barrel is generated by the damper and the transmission device. And controlled by the controller, so that the drum is not or subject to the damping force of the damper.
  • the above controller can also control the damping force of the damper, so that the damping force applied to the drum is easier to control, adjust and quantify, and it is easier to achieve constant tension on the wire.
  • a wire tension constant wire conveying device for a wire electric discharge machine tool which comprises an electrode wire, a bracket, a main motor, upper and lower wire barrels, a clutch and a damping corresponding to the two wire barrels.
  • a plurality of transmissions for connecting the main motor and the clutch, the main motor and the damper, the damper and the drum, and a control device for controlling the clutch and the damper, the main motor, the drum, the damper, the clutch
  • the component is mounted on the bracket, the wire portion is wound around the upper and lower drums, and the control device controls the main motor to alternately engage with one of the two clutches, and accordingly the damper is alternately controlled by the corresponding transmission.
  • the above device realizes the driving force or the damping force of the two wire cylinders alternately by controlling the clutch and the damper by the control device.
  • the two wire cylinders obtain the driving force (moment) from the main motor through the clutch connected thereto, and at the same time, the damping force (moment) can be obtained from the corresponding damper through the transmission device, that is, if the wire cylinder receives the driving force (moment) , the other wire cylinder is subjected to the damping force (moment) in the opposite direction, and vice versa.
  • the device When the wire is in operation, by the control of the control device, one end of the wire connected between the upper and lower wire barrels is connected to the main motor via the corresponding transmission through the corresponding transmission device to obtain the required driving force, and the other end is The other drum receives the required damping force from the corresponding damper through the corresponding transmission. Since the driving force and the damping force are the forces actively generated by the device, especially for the damping force, it can also be controlled by the control device according to the processing needs. The setting and adjustment, therefore, the device solves the problem of the elongated electrode wire while ensuring that the wire is always in a constant working state of tension, and the constant tension can be set and adjusted.
  • the damper connected to the transmission device comprises a stator and a mover.
  • the stator end and the mover end of the damper respectively obtain a rotational speed from the drive motor and the corresponding wire cylinder, and a low rotational speed difference between the two rotational speeds ( That is, the differential method) extends the life of the damper.
  • the mover and stator ends of the damper pass Differentially, respectively outputting a damping force (moment) and a corresponding reaction force (moment), the damping force (moment) acting on the corresponding wire cylinder through the corresponding transmission device, and the two reaction forces (moments) alternately acting to
  • the main motor of the device is always in the same direction as the output force (moment) of the main motor.
  • the invention has the advantages that: in the reciprocating transfer motion, the wire of the wire electric discharge machine is subjected to the force of the feeding direction provided by the wire cylinder, and is subjected to another wire cylinder.
  • the direction of the damping force, and the tension on the wire is constant, so the method and device can tension the elongated electrode wire in time to ensure that the wire is always in a proper working state, thereby improving the quality of the processed product.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an equivalent device for winding a wire cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an equivalent device for winding a wire barrel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a damper differential method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another damper differential method according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the motor 1, the upper wire barrel 2, the lower wire barrel 3, the clutch 4, the clutch 5, the damper 6, the damper 7, and the like are mounted on the bracket 9.
  • the transmission wheels 11, 12 are mounted on the shaft of the motor 1, and the transmission wheels 11 are respectively connected to the stator end 61 of the damper 6 via the transmission 111, and connected to the stator end 71 of the damper 7 via the transmission 112, and the transmission wheels 12 are respectively passed
  • the transmission 121 is coupled to the clutch 4 and is coupled to the clutch 5 via a transmission 122.
  • the clutch 4 is connected to the upper wire barrel 2 and the transmission wheel 21, the transmission wheel 21 is connected to the mover end 62 of the damper 6, the clutch 5 is connected to the lower wire barrel 3 and the transmission wheel 31, and the transmission wheel 31 and the damper 7 mover The ends 71 are connected, and the wire 8 is wound around the drum 2 and the drum 3.
  • the working state of the clutch 4, the clutch 5, the damper 6, and the damper 7 is controlled by a controller (not shown).
  • the wire electrode 8 When the wire electrode 8 is in operation, the wire electrode 8 is alternately connected to the motor 1 from the upper wire barrel 2 and the lower wire barrel 3 connected thereto through the transmission 12, 121 (or 122) and the corresponding clutch 4 and clutch 5 by the controller.
  • the required power is connected and obtained, while the required damping (or resistance) is obtained from the corresponding damper 6, damper 7, respectively, via the transmissions 21, 22, transmissions 31, 32, respectively.
  • the wire 8 When the upper wire barrel 2 is used as a take-up drum and the lower wire barrel 3 is used as a discharge drum, the wire 8 is shown to move upward, and one end thereof is subjected to the upward direction given by the upper wire barrel 2 The power F1, the other end is subjected to the downward resistance F2 applied by the lower wire barrel 3, and the pair of opposite directions of force produces a tension Fa when the wire electrode 8 moves upward, as shown in FIG.
  • the wire 8 is shown to move downward, one end of which is subjected to the downward force F4 applied by the lower wire barrel 3, and the other end is received.
  • the damper 6 and the damper 7 are both differential methods, that is, the stator end 61 of the damper 6 obtains a rotational motion N1 from the motor 1 through the transmissions 11, 111, and the movable end 62 passes through the transmission 21, 22 from above.
  • a rotational motion N2 is obtained at the package 2, and the life of the damper 6 is prolonged because the speed difference between N1 and N2 is small.
  • the stator end 71 of the damper 7 obtains a rotational motion N3 from the motor 1 through the transmissions 11, 112, and the mover end 72 obtains a rotational motion N4 from the lower wire barrel 3 through the transmissions 31, 32 due to N3 and
  • the speed difference of the N4 is also small, which also extends the service life of the damper 7.
  • the invention uses a damper 6, a damper 7, and its stator end is connected to the main motor 1, which can recover energy and reduce power consumption.
  • a torque M0 outputted from the motor 1 is transmitted to the lower wire barrel 3 via the upper wire barrel 2 and the electrode wire 8 as a dynamic moment M1, and the dynamic torque M1 makes the lower wire
  • the drum 3 performs a rotary motion.
  • the damper 7 generates a damping moment M3 which is output from the mover end 72 and acts on the lower wire barrel 3 via the transmission means 31, 32.
  • the M3 damper 7 itself generates a torque M4.
  • the torque M4 is output from the stator end 71 and transmitted to the motor 1 via the transmissions 11, 112. Since the torque M4 is in the same direction as the torque M0, energy recovery and reuse is realized, thereby reducing the load of the motor 1.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Description

电火花线切割机床的电极丝恒张力运丝方法及装置 技术领域
本发明属于电火花线切割机床领域, 涉及电火花线切割机床的电极丝 (或 称线电极)恒张力运丝方法及其相应的装置。 背景技术
现有的快速走丝电火花线切割机床均为单筒电火花线切割机床, 该类机床 的电极丝路径呈封闭状, 为了克服加工过程中拉伸增长的电极丝 (以下简称伸 长电极丝) 对电极丝张力稳定性的影响, 通常是加一个可以改变电极丝路径长 度的装置, 来暂时性地降低伸长电极丝对电极丝张力稳定性的影响, 其不足之 处在于可变的路径长度有限, 当伸长电极丝累积到一定程度时, 该装置失效。
为了对单筒电火花线切割机床的运丝方法和装置进行改进, 产生了将电极 丝在两丝筒之间进行双向往复转移运动、 电极丝呈开放状的双筒电火花线切割 机床, 如中国专利文献 CN1037900C公开的自旋式电火花线切割机床, 其通过主 轴与绕筒差动转速以及顺序排丝机构实现走丝机构中的电极丝在作直线运动的 同时自身作高速旋转, 其解决伸长电极丝及电极丝张力问题如专利文献 CN2353477Y中所公开的自旋式恒张力装置所述, 是通过该装置中的惯性柱在旋 转过程中产生的摩擦力来定性处理,同样无法保证作用于电极丝上的张力恒定, 因此影响了电极丝工作的稳定性, 而且其结构复杂。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术的上述不足而提供电火花 线切割机床的电极丝恒张力运丝方法及其完成上述运丝方法的运丝装置, 以便 解决电极丝在运丝过程中产生的张力不恒定而产生的。工作不稳定性问题, 从而 达到提高产品的加工精度、 加工效率及加工件表面质量的目的。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为:
通过对前述的双筒电火花线切割机床的研究发现, 当电火花线切割机床的 电极丝上的张力恒定时, 其工作状态为最佳。
为此, 本发明得到了: 一种电火花线切割机床的恒张力运丝方法, 包括电 极丝在两丝筒之间进行双向往复转移运动, 电极丝在往复运丝过程中, 其上的
确 认 本 张力恒定。
为实现电极丝上的张力恒定, 在运丝过程中, 往复转移运动的电极丝在受 到一丝筒所提供的驱动力的同时, 又受到另一丝筒反方向阻尼力, 且驱动力与 阻尼力的差值相等。 这样电极丝在整个工作过程中能保持张力恒定。
上述丝筒受到的驱动力由电机通过离合器、 传动装置供给, 通过离合器的 离和合, 使丝筒没有或受到电机的驱动力, 相应地另一丝筒受到的阻尼力由阻 尼器、 传动装置产生, 并由控制器控制, 使丝筒没有或受到阻尼器的阻尼力。
上述控制器还可控制阻尼器的阻尼力的大小, 这样施加于丝筒上的阻尼力 更容易控制、 调整和量化, 也就更容易实现电极丝上的张力恒定。
为实现上述运丝方法, 相应的开发出电火花线切割机床的电极丝恒张力运 丝装置, 其包括电极丝、 支架、 主电机、 上、 下丝筒、 与两丝筒对应的离合器 和阻尼器、 用于连接主电机与离合器、 主电机与阻尼器、 阻尼器与丝筒的若干 传动装置及用于控制离合器和阻尼器的控制装置, 所述的主电机、 丝筒、 阻尼 器、 离合器部件安装在支架上, 电极丝分部绕在上、 下丝筒上, 控制装置控制 主电机交替地与两离合器其中之一处于合状态, 而相应地通过相应的传动装置 控制阻尼器交替作用。
上述装置通过控制装置对离合器和阻尼器的控制, 实现两丝筒交替地受到 驱动力或阻尼力的作用。 两丝筒通过与其连接的离合器从主电机处得到驱动力 (矩) , 同时又可通过传动装置从对应的阻尼器处得到阻尼力 (矩) , 即若一 丝筒受到的是驱动力 (矩) , 则另一丝筒受到的是反方向阻尼力 (矩) , 反之 亦然。
电极丝工作时, 通过控制装置的控制, 连接在上、 下丝筒间的电极丝一端 经丝筒通过相应的传动装置经离合器与主电机相连接并获得所需的驱动力, 另 一端又经另一丝筒通过相应的传动装置从对应的阻尼器获得所需的阻尼力, 由 于驱动力和阻尼力均是该装置主动产生的力, 尤其对阻尼力, 还可通过控制装 置根据加工需要来进行设定和调整,因此该装置在解决伸长电极丝问题的同时, 又能确保电极丝始终处于张力恒定的工作状态, 且该恒定的张力可进行设定和 调整。
上述连接在传动装置上的阻尼器包括定子和动子两部分, 阻尼器的定子端 和动子端分别从驱动电机和对应的丝筒上各获得一转速, 两转速之间有一低转 速差 (即差动法) , 延长了阻尼器的使用寿命。 阻尼器的动子端和定子端通过 差动, 分别输出一阻尼力 (矩)和与之对应的反作用力 (矩), 阻尼力 (矩)通 过相应的传动装置作用到对应的丝筒上, 两反作用力 (矩) 交替地作用到该装 置的主电机上, 且始终都与主电机的输出力 (矩) 同向。
与现有技术相比, 本发明的优点在于: 电火花线切割机床的电极丝在往复 转移运动时, 其在受到丝筒所提供的进给方向的作用力的同时, 又受到另一丝 筒反方向的阻尼力, 且电极丝上受到的张力恒定, 因此该方法和装置能及时将 伸长的电极丝张紧, 确保电极丝一直处于合适的工作状态, 从而提高加工产品 质量。 附图说明
图 1是本发明实施例的结构示意图;
图 2是本发明实施例上丝筒收丝等效装置示意图;
图 3是本发明实施例下丝筒收丝等效装置示意图;
图 4是本发明实施例阻尼器差动法示意图;
图 5是本发明实施例另一阻尼器差动法示意图。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
如图 1所示, 电机 1、 上丝筒 2、 下丝筒 3、 离合器 4、 离合器 5、 阻尼器 6、 阻 尼器 7等安装在支架 9上。传动轮 11、 12安装在电机 1的轴上, 传动轮 11分别通过 传动装置 111与阻尼器 6的定子端 61相连, 通过传动装置 112与阻尼器 7的定子端 71相连, 传动轮 12分别通过传动装置 121与离合器 4相连, 通过传动装置 122与离 合器 5相连。 离合器 4与上丝筒 2及传动轮 21相连, 传动轮 21与阻尼器 6的动子端 62相连, 离合器 5与下丝筒 3及传动轮 31相连, 传动轮 31与阻尼器 7的动子端 71 相连, 电极丝 8分部绕在丝筒 2和丝筒 3上, 离合器 4、 离合器 5、 阻尼器 6、 阻尼 器 7工作状态由控制器控制 (图中未示出) 。
电极丝 8工作时, 电极丝 8从与其连接的上丝筒 2、 下丝筒 3通过传动装置 12、 121 (或 122)及对应的离合器 4、离合器 5由控制器控制交替地与电机 1相连接并获 得所需的动力, 同时分别通过传动装置 21、 22、 传动装置 31、 32相应地从对应 的阻尼器 6、 阻尼器 7获得所需的阻尼 (或称阻力) 。 在上丝筒 2作为收丝筒, 下 丝筒 3作为放丝筒时, 电极丝 8表现为向上运动, 其一端受到上丝筒 2施予的向上 的动力 Fl, 另一端受到下丝筒 3施予的向下的阻力 F2, 这一对方向相反的力产生 了电极丝 8向上运动时的张力 Fa, 见图 2。 同理在下丝筒 3作为收丝筒, 上丝筒 2 作为放丝筒时, 电极丝 8表现为向下运动, 其一端受到下丝筒 3施予的向下的动 力 F4, 另一端受到上丝筒 2施予的向上的阻力 F3, 这一对方向相反的力产生了电 极丝 8向下运动时的张力 Fb, 见图 3。 在 Fl、 F2、 F3和 F4之间, F1和 F3大小相等, 功率因素相同, 同样 F2和 F4功率因素也相同, 所以只要保证 F2和 F4大小相等, 就能保证 Fa和 Fb大小相等, 即实现电极丝 8的整个运动过程中的张力恒定。
上述阻尼器 6、阻尼器 7均为差动法,即阻尼器 6的定子端 61通过传动装置 11、 111从电机 1处获得一旋转运动 Nl, 动子端 62通过传动装置 21、 22从上丝筒 2处获 得一旋转运动 N2, 由于 N1和 N2的速差很小, 延长了阻尼器 6的使用寿命。 同理阻 尼器 7的定子端 71通过传动装置 11、 112从电机 1处获得一旋转运动 N3,动子端 72 通过传动装置 31、 32从下丝筒 3处获得一旋转运动 N4,由于 N3和 N4的速差也很小, 同样延长了阻尼器 7的使用寿命。
本发明使用阻尼器 6、 阻尼器 7, 其定子端与主电机 1相连, 能回收能量, 减 少电能消耗。 如图 4所示, 当电极丝 8向上运动时, 电机 1处输出一转矩 M0经上丝 筒 2及电极丝 8传递到下丝筒 3上表现为动力矩 Ml, 动力矩 Ml使下丝筒 3进行旋转 运动。 为了阻止下丝筒 3的旋转运动, 阻尼器 7产生一阻尼矩 M3, 从动子端 72输 出, 经传动装置 31、 32作用到下丝筒 3上。 为了平衡阻尼矩 M3阻尼器 7自身又产 生一转矩 M4。 转矩 M4从定子端 71输出, 并经传动装置 11、 112传递到电机 1上, 由于转矩 M4与转矩 M0方向相同, 实现了能量回收再利用, 从而减轻了电机 1的负 载。
同理, 如图 5所示, 当电极丝 8向下运动时, 电机 1处输出一转矩 M10经下丝 筒 3及电极丝 8传递到上丝筒 2上表现为动力矩 M2, 动力矩 M2使上丝筒 2进行旋转 运动。 为了阻止上丝筒 2的旋转运动, 阻尼器 6产生一阻尼矩 M5, 从动子端 62输 出, 经传动装置 21、 22作用到上丝筒 2上。 为了平衡阻尼矩 M5阻尼器 6自身又产 生一转矩 M6。 转矩 M6从定子端 61输出, 并经传动装置 11、 111传递到电机 1上, 由于转矩 M6与转矩 M10方向也相同, 同样实现了能量回收再利用的目的,起到了 减轻电机 1负载的作用。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、电火花线切割机床的电极丝恒张力运丝方法,包括电极丝在两丝 筒之间进行双向往复转移运动,其特征在于:电极丝在往复运丝过程中, 其上的张力恒定。 ·
2、如权利要求 1所述的电火花线切割机床的电极丝恒张力运丝方法, 其特征在于: 在运丝过程中, 往复转移运动的电极丝在受到丝筒所提供 的驱动力的同时, 又受到另一丝筒反方向阻尼力, 且驱动力与阻尼力的 差值相等。
3、如权利要求 1或 2所述的电火花线切割机床的电极丝恒张力运丝方 法, 其特征在于: 所述丝筒受到的驱动力由电机通过离合器、 传动装置 供给, 通过离合器的离和合, 使丝筒没有或受到电机的驱动力, 相应地 另一丝筒受到的阻尼力由阻尼器、 传动装置产生, 并由控制器控制, 使 丝筒没有或受到阻尼器的阻尼力。
4、如权利要求 3所述的电火花线切割机床的电极丝恒张力运丝方法, 其特征在于: 所述控制器调整阻尼器阻尼力的大小。
.
5、 电火花线切割机床的电极丝恒张力运丝装置, 其特征在于: 其包 括电极丝、支架、 电机、上、下丝筒、与两丝筒对应的离合器和阻尼器、 用于连接主电机与离合器、 主电机与阻尼器、 阻尼器与丝筒的若干传动 装置及用于控制离合器和阻尼器的控制装置, 所述的主电机、 丝筒、 阻 尼器、 离合器部件安装在支架上, 电极丝分部绕在上、 下丝筒上, 控制 装置控制电机交替地与两离合器其中之一处于合状态, 而相应地通过相 应的传动装置控制阻尼器交替作用。
6、如权利要求 5所述的电火花线切割机床的电极丝恒张力运丝装置, 其特征在于: 所述的控制装置调节阻尼装置的阻尼力。
7、如权利要求 5或 6所述的电火花线切割机床的电极丝恒张力运丝装 置, 其特征在于: 所述的阻尼器包括定子和动子两部分, 阻尼器的定子 端和动子端分别从主电机和对应的丝筒上各获得一转速, 两转速之间有 一低转速差。
8、 如权利要求 6所述的电火花线切割机床的电极丝恒张力运丝装 置, 其特征在于: 所述的阻尼器的定子端与连接离合器的电机相连。
9、如权利要求 7所述的电火花线切割机床的电极丝恒张力运丝装置, 其特征在于: 所述的阻尼器的定子端与连接离合器的电机相连。
PCT/CN2006/001566 2005-07-06 2006-07-04 Procédé de transport d’un câble d’électrode et dispositif destiné à cet usage WO2007003139A1 (fr)

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CN115090975A (zh) * 2022-07-05 2022-09-23 燕山大学 一种线切割机的上丝装置及其上丝方法

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