WO2006129011A2

WO2006129011A2 - Orientable aileron controlled by setting a rotatable paddle

Info

Publication number: WO2006129011A2
Application number: PCT/FR2006/001229
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gérard ALDIN
Original assignee: Aldin Gerard
Priority date: 2005-05-31
Filing date: 2006-05-31
Publication date: 2006-12-07
Also published as: FR2886270A1; WO2006129011A3; FR2886270B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for steering or stabilising a boat comprising at least one shaped aileron (1) which is submerged and freely pivotable around a pivot axis (2) fixed to the boat and comprises a shaped flap (3) rotatable about a pivot axis substantially parallel to the pivot axis (2), wherein said device is characterised in that at least one aileron (1) or the flap (3) thereof supports a rotor (4) whose axis of rotation (5) is substantially orthogonal to the pivot axis (2) of the aileron (1) and the rotation of the rotor (4) enables the flap (3) to be rotatably driven and oriented with respect to the aileron (1) by means of an auxiliary motion-transmitting mechanism.

Description

PILOTED ROLLER AILERON BY ROTATING DAWN

The technical sector of the present invention is that of devices for steering and / or stabilizing boats.

In the nautical field, it is sought to reduce the power consumption of maneuvering the adjustable submerged fins for steering or stabilizing boats, and reduce the response time of their lift force.

Known steering devices for hydrodynamic rudders or stabilizers with orientable fins located against the hull or at the under-end of arms attached to the hull (as in PCT / FR2004 / 002933) use human energy and / or an actuator powered by an onboard energy source and / or hydrodynamic amplifier (s), of which generally at most only one is very close to the fin. However, these devices have the disadvantage of not simultaneously offering low energy consumption and a short response time with respect to the rhythm of the waves.

The object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the devices known hitherto, by proposing a submerged fin steering device with low energy consumption and short response time with respect to the waves.

The invention therefore relates to a device for steering and / or stabilizing a boat comprising at least one profiled fin, immersed and freely pivoting about a pivot axis integral with the boat, the fin having a profiled flap articulated around a pivot axis substantially parallel to the pivot axis, characterized in that at least one fin, or its flap, supports a rotor whose axis of rotation is substantially orthogonal to the pivot axis of the flap, the rotation of the rotor for rotating and orienting the flap relative to the fin via a secondary mechanism for transmitting motion.

According to one characteristic of the invention, the rotor comprises at least one rotating hub about a radial axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, the hub supporting a profiled blade and orientable relative to the rotor by a primary transmission mechanism of movement.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the secondary mechanism is achieved by the rotor, driving a screw / nut system cooperating with a crank-crank mechanism; the rotation of the rotor about the axis causing the translation of the movable element of the screw / nut system parallel to the axis in order to cause the rotation of the flap by means of the crank-crank mechanism.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the rotor, integral in rotation with a drum on which is wound without sliding a flexible link, whose movements of the two strands are transmitted by reference angles to two anchor points to sides of either the flap or the flap.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the primary mechanism of motion transmission is rotated by a motor means and is made by a lever whose one end is integral with the hub and a second end is spherical and slides without play in a radial light of a rotating finger of the same axis of rotation as the rotor and rotated by the motor means.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the end of the lever is driven by a plane guide plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor and secured to a part guided in translation parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor and driven by a motor means.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the hub comprises a safety hinge provided with an elastic means maintaining the blade in the erected position bearing against an angular stop and allowing the folding of the blade towards the downstream by pivoting around 1 axis of the hinge in case of obstacle collision by this dawn. According to another characteristic of the invention, the primary mechanism is provided with a force limiter or torque cooperating with means for restoring its initial geometry.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the secondary mechanism is provided with a force limiter or torque cooperating with a means for restoring its initial geometry.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the device comprises a removable support relative to the fin ensuring the connection between the fin and the pivot axis of the flap and the connection of the removable support to the fin is provided by a fast fastening device and désolidarisâtion comprising a means of positioning and pressure securing means.

According to another characteristic of the invention, a first part of the removable support comprises elements of the fast fastening and detaching device and constitutes a subassembly attached to the second part of the support, to which it is secured by an assembly means. , the first part thus forming an adapter to a particular model of the fin.

A first advantage of the device according to the invention is the energy saving necessary to orient the fin, thanks to the multi-stage amplification with hydrodynamic effect.

Another advantage lies in short response times: after a change of orientation, 90% of the stabilized values of the lift of the flap, flap, blade (s) or small flap (s) are reached after a course in the water of the order of six times their respective string lengths. Another advantage lies in the setpoint signal which can directly represent the desired lift force. Another advantage lies in the ease of control of the device by a navigation unit when said motor means comprises an electronically controlled actuator (s).

Another advantage lies in the possibility of equipping the rudders - as well as some anti-roll stabilizers - of existing boats with the removable device, benefiting both from an economical manufacturing (allowed by a limited range of standardized devices) and a brief - or no - immobilization of the vessel for the installation of the device on board.

Another advantage of the short installation of the removable device on the rudder of an existing boat and the lack of significant transformation of this boat is the ease of loan, useful for rental or pre-sale test.

Another advantage of the removable device placed on a rudder lies in the ease of removing this device every return to port to protect it from shocks or theft and to put it back in place at each departure from the port.

Another advantage of the removable device on some rudders is the possibility of immediate use of the original rudder in case of failure of said device.

Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly from the description given below as an indication in relation to drawings in which: FIG. 1 shows two examples of particular embodiments 301 and 302 of devices according to invention,

FIGS. 2 to 6 show different examples of embodiment of orientable flaps with trailing edge flap of the device according to the invention, FIGS. 7 and 8 show two embodiments of the device according to the invention showing the main rotations as well as two modes of implantation of actuator (s), detailing the example 302 of Figure 1, - Figures 9 (together) and 10 (detail) show a particular embodiment of the device according to the invention, detailing the Examples 302 of Figures 1 and 8,

FIGS. 11 to 13 show in 3 views an example of a particular embodiment of the device according to the invention, showing the central bulge of the fin,

FIGS. 14 to 16 show other embodiments of the device according to the invention showing possibilities of reducing or eliminating this bulge,

FIG. 17 represents an exemplary embodiment 303 of the device according to the invention with two-part flap,

FIG. 18 shows a submerged wind vane 55 in a particular embodiment of the device according to the invention,

- Figure 19 shows an embodiment 304 of the device according to the invention with pre-existing rudder, - Figure 20 details the small vane free blade of a particular embodiment of the device according to the invention.

The general operation of the device according to the invention is explained below. The aileron pivot axis, orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the boat makes it possible to obtain, depending on the angle of incidence of the fin with respect to the flow of the water, a hydrodynamic lift substantially perpendicular to the running direction of the boat for steering and / or stabilize it. The surface of the flap is 25% to 30% of that of the flap. A motor means regulates by the primary mechanism the orientation of the blade / blades with respect to the rotor which carries them. The hydrodynamic torque on the blade (s) drives the rotor (s), which adjusts (s) by a secondary mechanism the angle between flap and fin until equilibrium couples. This modifies the overall lift of the device - that of the fin is preponderant -, blade (s) and shutter thus forming a two-stage hydrodynamic torque amplifier.

FIG. 1 shows two examples of particular embodiments 301 and 302 of devices according to the invention

(for a simultaneous illustration, here in a particular common support application with pivoting fairing). Each device 301, 302 comprises an aileron 1 freely rotatable and guided by a pivot 2 fixed axis relative to the boat, a component ^'3 orientable articulated at the trailing edge of said fin about an axis substantially parallel to said pivot, a rotor 4 of axis of rotation 5 fixed relative to the fin and orthogonal to the pivot axis 2. The rotor carries a radial blade 6 and steerable pendulum movement 7, this rotor being extended by a streamlined shaped fairing bulb 8. the axis 5 is preferably located fin end (case 301), the board ¹ has a recess 9 attack passing the support 52 of its pivot, except when the holder is at the end of the pivot (case 302), in which case the axis 5 is located towards the middle of the fin.

Diagrams 2 and 3 show two variants of flap arrangement 1 and flap 3 of Examples 301 and 302 above, with and without intermediate space, which are detailed in section in diagrams 4 and 5. The pivot 10 of flap 3 is supported by side flanges 11 integral with the fin 1 - not shown in the other figures to simplify them - and if necessary by intermediate flanges (not drawn) to limit the bending of the flap, including the leading edge then has indentations for their passage. Figure 6 shows a V-leading flap variant. The preferred embodiment combines flush-to-nose flange (Figures

3 and 5) with V-leading edge fin (Figure 6). FIG. 7 shows, for the vertical pivot example 302 of FIG. 1, the guide members 12 of the fin on the pivot, as well as a motor means produced by an actuator arrangement 13 requiring a bulge in FIG. bulb shape 8 profile of the flap 1, extended to the level of the flap 3 to reduce the wake. The bulb 8 must be of limited torque torque to limit the flow disturbance around the fin. The bulb 8 supports a rotor 4. The rotor

4 comprises at least one hub 14 rotatable about a radial axis 16 perpendicular to the axis of rotation 5 of the rotor, the hub 14 supporting a profiled blade 6. The blade 6, integral with the hub 14, is adjustable at an angle 15 about the radial axis 16 fixed relative to the rotor. In this example, the device comprises a computer (not drawn), an actuator (s) 13 and an electronic position measuring sensor (non-drawn) - of type operating in the air or the surrounding fluid -, in particular measurement the angle between the fin and the flap, which cooperate to orient the flap.

FIG. 8 shows an alternative embodiment of the preceding example, which comprises several actuators 13 coupled and distributed parallel to the pivot 2 in order to limit the master torque of the bulb 8. In the case of rotary actuators, the transmission to the shaft rotary primer for example uses a bevel gears return, and in case of linear actuators for example a connecting rod-crank mechanism or rack-pinion. The arrows 201, 202, 203, 204 respectively designate the upstream, downstream, port and starboard directions. The actuator 13 controlled by the computer connected to the position measuring sensor 20 is a means for restoring the initial geometry of the device, such a means can also be achieved by other devices, for example comprising springs and stops. Such means / primary mechanism 101 and / or secondary mechanism 102 may be provided with such means. FIGS. 9 (together) and 10 (central detail) show particular embodiments of said primary 101 and secondary 102 mechanisms which take up the arrangement of the actuators and the external shapes of FIG. 8. The primary mechanism 101 for transmitting motion is realized by a lever 23 whose one end is integral with the hub 14 and a second end 22 is spherical and slides without play in a radial slot of a rotating finger 21 of the same axis of rotation 5 as the rotor 4. A set of actuators 13 rotary coupled, electric, hydraulic or pneumatic, drives by a bevel gear 17 and a torque limiter 18 - both of known types - the primary shaft 19, axis 5, guided in rotation relative to the fin 1, provided with an angular measuring sensor 20 and secured to a radial finger 21 whose end fork drives the spherical knob 22 sliding without play between its flat walls parallel to the ar 19. This knob is fixed to the end of the lever 23 integral with the hub 14 which is integral in rotation with the blade 6. This hub, axis 16 radial with respect to the rotor 4, is guided in rotation relative to this rotor by bearings 25. The lever 23 passes through the wall of the rotor 4 by a substantially conical light 26, allowing deflections of about 160 ° of the rotor 4 about the axis 5 and about 40 ° of the hub 14 such an embodiment allows the spherical knob 22 located at the end of the lever 23 to be driven by a plane guide plane perpendicular to the axis 5 of rotation of the rotor 4 and integral with a part guided in translation parallel to the axis 5 of rotation of the rotor 4. The vane β is connected to the end cap 28 of the hub 14 by an axis safety joint 27 perpendicular to the axis 16 of the hub, with automatic return of the axis of the blade in erected position 29 by spring 30 and angular stop 31 after s Temporary downward tilting in position 32 when passing an obstacle. The rotor 4 is secured to a secondary shaft 33, of axis of rotation 5. This shaft is guided in rotation relative to the fin 1 by a needle bearing 34 and bearings 35 and 36 forming stops and it comprises a net of screw 37 whose sidewalls drive without play, by a rolling roller 38, a carriage (not drawn) guiding in translation parallel to the axis 5. Said roller and carriage, forming a screw jack nut, cause the flap 3 in rotation by a connecting rod-crank mechanism (not drawn) articulated to the carriage and the crank pin 39 secured to the flap 3 (Figure 9). The cells 40 to 42 are filled with pressurized fluids, confined by seals 43 to 46, some with antiparticle seals 47 to 49 rubbing on bearings of the hubs 14, rotor 4 and rings 50, 51: for the cell 40 a fluid adapted to contained organs, for others a lubricating fluid. The overpressure, strong in navigation and moderate at port or at anchor, is maintained by pump (s) - or tank (s) of compressed compressed gas with pressure reducer (s) - and ducted to pipes and channels. The fin 1 and the bulb 8, made of composite material, comprise dismountable parts assembled with seals (not drawn) to mount the internal organs. For example, the bulb 8 may be in two parts separated by the rotor 4, each divided into two symmetrical elements screwed fasteners with joint plane perpendicular to the pivot 2 and containing the axis 5; the part or parts of the remainder of the fin 1 can be assembled in the bulb 8 with joint planes perpendicular to the pivot 2, and positioned by interlocking shapes or centering feet, held by threaded rods and nuts, with an intermediate guide on the pivot 2 added in the vicinity of each joint plane, between the guides 12 visible in Figure 8.

The example envisaged above of embodiment of the device according to the invention has been given for illustrative purposes. The invention may also be embodied according to other modes.

For example, the fin 1 may be integral with the pivot 2, then connected to the boat by rotating guides. ^• For example, the patterns 11 to 13 and 16 (showing the notch 9 of the leading edge and the support 52, as visible in Figure 1) show that the bulb 8 can be reduced by flats in matching the shape of the bodies as in Figure 14, and even be deleted, as on the Figure 15, reducing the size of the contained organs.

We can also promote the elimination of algae by moving the stop 31 (Figure 10) so that the axis 29 of the blade is slightly inclined downstream and / or slightly incline the leading edge of the blade , whose hydrodynamic thrust center must remain downstream of the radial pivot axis 16.

It will also be possible, for example, to provide the blade 6 with a means of brief folding around its axis safety hinge 27 to eliminate the algae, such as a pulling means - manual or with a remote-controlled actuator -, pulling upstream. a cable anchored to the trailing edge of one blade and forming a quarter turn in a rounded groove formed at the base of the blade, thus forming a pulley (rounded visible in Figure 10).

In the case where the axis 5 of rotation of the rotor 4 passes towards the middle of the fin 1 (as in FIGS. 7 and 8), it is also possible advantageously to replace the rotor with a blade by a rotor with two vanes 6 diametrically opposite , which will double the useful torque and symmetrize the hydrodynamic drag.

These two advantages may also be obtained in the case of a rotor located at the aileron wing end 1 (case 301 in FIG. 1), adding to the other end of the wing a second rotor 4 which is a single-blade and counter-rotating; to increase

Seaweed immunity can be further coupled to these two rotors by a motion transmission mechanism of a known type ensuring them. exactly opposite rotations.

It will also be possible to envisage carrying out the invention by placing the rotor 4 between the fin 1 and the flap 3 (not drawn case) or even downstream of the flap 3, and moving the pivot axis 10 away from the flap at the end of a flap. or several arms 53 extending the aileron 1 downstream - as the example 304 in Figure 19 -. This makes it possible to increase the number of vanes 6, to increase the torque, as well as the angular travel of the rotor 4 and thus the permitted gear ratio. An odd number of blades 6 is then recommended to obtain a more regular motor torque. In the case of a rotor 4 having a fixed axis 5 relative to the fin 1 and located downstream of the shutter 3, the latter will pass the rear of the bulb 8 to the rotor 4, or by means of a tunnel formed of two arches spanning this back, either in being divided into two halves as the example of the device 303 illustrated in FIG. 17. These halves may carry guard plates 54 at their adjacent ends to limit the cutting effect and be coupled in rotation, for example as follows: each of said halves will be driven by a split half of the final part of the kinematic chain of said secondary mechanism, the beginning part of which will be unique. The tubular secondary shaft may be provided and traversed by the primary shaft to accommodate a portion of said primary mechanism in the downstream tip of said rotor and its actuator (s) and said secondary mechanism upstream of the rotor.

It may also be envisaged, as in FIG. 19, that the axis 5 of the rotor 4 is fixed relative to the flap 3, the bulge in the form of a bulb 8 housing all or part of the actuator (s) and / or mechanism (s) being then located at level 3.

The invention may also be realized with said secondary mechanism comprising a bevel gear (not drawn) forming a 90 ° angle of rotation transforming the rotation of the secondary shaft in rotation of the flap 3 with respect to the fin 1.

For a small boat, said secondary mechanism may also be realized with a transmission (not drawn) with flexible link, stretched and inextensible, anchored and wound on a drum secured to the rotor 4, whose translational movements of the two strands coming out of the winding are converted into translations of directions substantially parallel to the axis 5 of rotation of the rotor 4 by pulley angle references whose axes of rotation are supported on the hydrodynamic lift element which is fixed with respect to the axis 5 rotation of the rotor 4 (as the case the wing 1 or the flap 3); beyond these pulleys, the resulting translations are transmitted by said strands at two anchor points to the sides of the other hydrodynamic lift member to be oriented relative to the preceding (as appropriate, respectively, and in this order: the shutter 3 or the fin 1). Said link may be maintained stretched by winding on variable-radius tracks provided on said drum and / or by fixing it to the element to be orientated on tracks with variable winding radius forming sector of pulleys around which the link will make a partial turn.

In a variant of this embodiment, it will be possible to consider for said corner returns horns in place of pulleys and ensure the end of the transmission by connecting rods articulated between these horns and said anchor points. For safety, these rods may be telescopic with a locking means to their average length with tared stress limitation, such as a snap ball and spring with elastic return to their average length, for example by springs and stops.

With regard also to said primary mechanism, it is also possible to consider replacing the sliding contact previously provided by the knob 22 (see FIG. 10) between the rotary fork finger 21 and the lever 23 by a rolling gear contact. by replacing the finger 21 and the lever 23 with two toothed sectors of beveled bevel gears forming an angle of 90 ° (not shown).

It is also possible, for example, to obtain a device according to the invention thus modifying (not drawn) the primary mechanism 101 illustrated in FIG. 10: the secondary shaft 33 is then guided solely by the bearings 35 and 36; the bearing 34, the finger 21 and the lever 23 are removed; the rotary primary shaft 19 is extended and penetrates through an opening ^' in the rotor chamber 4, its end is integral with a conical pinion which meshes with a conical pinion integral with the hub 14; this hub is then much shorter and much smaller diameter than drawn in Figure 10 and its guide relative to the rotor 4 is as short and close to the yoke 28 as possible, for example consisting of two conical roller bearings contiguous. This embodiment is particularly suitable for a rotor

4 surrounded by several blades 6 arranged in a star.

Other conceivable embodiments (not shown) of said primary mechanism 101 consist, starting from the example of the preceding paragraph, to make sliding (instead of rotating) the primary shaft 19 extended and to adapt accordingly its guidance - which will then be linear -. The or the actuators 13 may be for example rotary, arranged as in Figure 8, and their output shaft provided with a crank driving the primary shaft 19 sliding via a connecting rod, or in another variant, 1 The actuator or the coupled actuators may be of linear type, of axis 5 (as in FIG. 7) and directly drive the shaft 19, or they may be arranged with their axis parallel to the pivot 2 (as in FIG. 8). then driving the sliding shaft 19 by two links articulated to an intermediate horn forming angle gear. The linear actuators may for example be stepped electric cylinders or hydraulic or pneumatic servocontrols, preferably with limited effort limitation. The conversion of the translation of the shaft 19 into the rotation of the hub or hubs 14 about their axis 16 will be performed by a known type of motion transformation mechanism, chosen to allow further rotation of the rotor 4 around 1 ' axis 5: for example a ring rigidly connected to the sliding shaft 19, provided with a peripheral groove in which slides without play the crank pins, provided with rollers, integral cranks of the hubs 14, or else - another example - a solidarity ring in translation of the sliding shaft 19, but free to rotate around it by means of bearings forming a double stop, provided on the periphery with crank pins on which are articulated cranks integral with the hubs 14 or else - third example - a ring still linked in translation to the sliding shaft 19 and free in rotation, but here provided with racks parallel to the axis 5 and meshing with integral toothed gears hubs 14. The embodiments The sliding shaft assembly 19 requires a counter-reaction means, such as a sensor for measuring the angle between flap and fin, cooperating with a computer controlling the actuator (s) 13.

It will also be possible to improve the lift control of the fin 1, as illustrated in FIG. 18, by a submerged vane 55 placed at the end of the flap 1, close to the leading edge, with an axis of rotation parallel to the pivot 2 protected from the eddies by a guard plate 56 integral with the fin and normal to its pivot, and driving a sensor 57 of angular measurement of the current type, communicating to the computer the angle of the wind vane 55 relative to the fin 1.

It will also be possible to improve said control by adding in the computer control loop sensors - of the current type - for measuring the relative position of other moving members and / or for measuring forces or deformations, such as strain gauges measuring the bending the pivot 2 aileron 1 or pivot 10 flap 3, or measuring the reaction force of support pivot 2 on the boat.

The invention may also be achieved with the actuator or actuators 13 disposed outside the flap 1 or fin 3, for example in an emerging area of the boat, said primary mechanism then comprising for example a hydraulic transmission with cylinders leading and driven connected by piping, supplemented if necessary with an anti-drift resetting means in case of imperfect sealing of the cylinders (for example a solenoid bypass controlled by the computer); other means of remote transmission of the movement of the actuator (s) may be envisaged, such as linkage devices, gears or flexible and inextensible links.

The invention can also be achieved by replacing the actuator or actuators by a manual drive movement transmission mechanism, such as: bar, wheel, handle or pedal. It will also be advantageous to realize the invention, especially when it comes to equipping an existing boat, retaining the original flap 1 of this boat (for example its rudder) and making easily removable a large part of the boat. device according to the invention, as illustrated in example 304 in Figure 19, which comprises a removable support 58 for quick installation and removal on the fin d. ' origin 1 comprising a positioning means such as a form of said support fitting on a shape of the fin 1 and a pressure securing means, such as half collars 59 with pressure hooking means 60, such as locks. lockable tapered bolts or toggle and spring hooks, with remote control means (not drawn), such as sheathed cables. This support 58 carries the pivot axis 10 of the shutter 3 and finally the axis of rotation 5 of the rotor 4 is fixed relative to the flap 3. It may also be envisaged that said pressure securing means comprises portions remaining integral with said flap 1 (such notches or anchoring rings for the other part said securing means to pressure, for example bolts or hooks) which will be fixed by means of parts permanently fixed on said fin, such strings perpendicular to the aileron pivot. For the installation and removal of the removable part of the device, it is possible for example to attach a hoisting cable 61 to the upper part of the support 58 and rings for guiding means, such as hooks remotely controlled. The axis 10 may be secured to the support 58 by means of a monobloc arm 53, or in two sections, the downstream portion of which is articulated to that upstream by a safety hinge axis 62 orthogonal to the pivot 2 and which comprises a locking force limitation maintaining the two sections aligned by an elastic return means 63 - such as a spring - and an angular stop (not drawn). The signal communication devices or data and energy supply between the ^'boat and the removable part of the device - if any - will be so need to removable connecting means. In the preferred variant of this embodiment, the rotor 4 is downstream of the flap 3, ends with a hydrodynamic tip, is integral with said rotary secondary shaft, with a fixed axis 5 relative to the flap 3, and carries five blades 6. provided with safety hinges (see Figure 10) oriented relative to the rotor by said primary mechanism. The latter (non-drawn details) comprises a primary shaft of axis 5, for example sliding and maneuvered, via a horn and two connecting rods forming an angle, thanks to a vertical sliding shaft leading to the free air and whose upper end is coupled to the actuator (s) controlled (s) by a computer or manually, or coupled to a manual control. The device according to the invention can indeed be realized without actuator neither computer nor sensor. But to benefit from a fast response time, it will preferably comprise one or more actuators controlled by a clean computer, or a navigation unit of an appropriate type, cooperating with a sensor of the boat measuring its rapid changes of orientation, such as a gyrometer.

The necessary control energy can be further reduced by, for example, realizing the invention, as illustrated by FIG. 20 (where the blade 6 and its accessories are drawn in an exaggerated manner around the axis 16 for readability), with blade 6 free in rotation about said radial pivot axis 16, fixed relative to the rotor 4 (not drawn), for example guided by bearings 25 prisoners of the rotor, and provided with a small flap 64 that is pivotable relative thereto, articulated to trailing edge of the blade along an axis 65 parallel to its pivot, and about three to four times less than its own surface, said primary mechanism then directly adjusting the orientation of said small flap relative to the blade. This adjustment modifies the balance of the lift of the blade and the small shutter and modifies the orientation of the blade 6 with respect to the rotor 4. It may be envisaged that said primary mechanism transforms the angular difference between the rotary primary shaft. 19 and the rotor 4 at the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the small flap 64 and the blade by a mechanism such as the following: this angular difference is transformed by a cam sector 66

(designed for five blades) secured to the shaft 19 and a roller 67 in translation of a rod 68 sliding in the tubular hub 14 of the blade; then this rod 68 pushes by another roller 61 the arm 69 of a pivoting bracket 70 of axis of rotation 71 fixed with respect to the blade 6 and perpendicular to the mean plane of the blade; the other arm 72 of the bracket pulls, by a connecting rod 74 articulated with ball joints, a lever 73 secured to the small flap 64 and perpendicular to the mean plane thereof; an elastic means, such as a spring (not drawn), maintains the contact of the rollers. Some of these mechanisms may be replaced by others of better performance known to those skilled in the art (gears, etc.). In case of sliding shaft 19 without cam 66, its end may push the arms of five new brackets arranged in a star, with pivots orthogonal to the axis 5 and fixed relative to the rotor 4, whose other arms will push the five rollers 67 . The hinge if possible, the axis 27 (FIG 10) will be on the tubular hub 14 in two sections, with a two-part hinge pivot releasing its light; the arm 69 may be in a cylindrical sector approximately centered on the hinge axis to keep the contact of the roller at the fold, or the rod 68 be in sections connected by joints of axes parallel to the hinge axis 27 or connected by a or flexible springs.

To increase the lift, it will be possible to provide elements (such as a fin, flap, etc.) of end guard plates perpendicular to their pivot or to cover their surface with thin orifices connected to a boundary layer suction device, with intermittent anti-clogging flush, using one or more pumps and possibly compressed air.

The operation of the device according to the invention is as follows: When it is desired to orient the fin 1, the or the vanes 6 are oriented with respect to the rotor 4 by means of the primary mechanism 101 for transmitting motion, the modification of orientation of the blade or blades causes a modification of the hydrodynamic resistance of the blade or blades, which causes the rotation of the rotor 4 which drives the screw / nut 37,38 system cooperating with the crank-crank mechanism, resulting in the translation of the blade; movable member 38 of the screw / nut system parallel to the axis 5 and then allowing the drive in rotation and the orientation of the flap 3 relative to the fin 1 through the secondary mechanism 102 of motion transmission.

Claims

1. Device for steering and / or stabilizing a boat comprising at least one fin (1) shaped, immersed and freely pivoting about a pivot axis (2) integral with the boat, the fin (1) having a profiled flap (3). ) articulated about a pivot axis (10) substantially parallel to the pivot axis (2), characterized in that at least one fin (1), or its flap (3), supports a rotor (4) of which the axis of rotation (5) is substantially orthogonal to the pivot axis (2) of the fin (1), the rotation of the rotor (4) allowing the driving in rotation and the orientation of the flap (3) by relative to the fin (1), via a secondary mechanism (102) for transmitting motion.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor (4) comprises at least one hub (14) rotatable about a radial axis (16) perpendicular to the axis of rotation (5) of the rotor, the hub (14) supporting a blade (6) profiled and orientable relative to the rotor (4) by a primary mechanism (101) for transmitting motion.

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the secondary mechanism (102) is formed by the rotor (4), driving a screw / nut system (37,38) cooperating with a connecting rod-crank mechanism; the rotation of the rotor (4) about the axis (5) causing the translation of the movable element (38) of the screw / nut system parallel to the axis (5) in order to cause rotation of the flap (3) by via the connecting rod-crank mechanism.

4. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the secondary mechanism (102) is formed by the rotor (4), integral in rotation with a drum on which is wound without sliding a flexible link, of which the movements of the two strands are transmitted by reference angles to two anchor points at the sides of either the flap (3) or the fin (1).

5. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the primary mechanism (101) of motion transmission is rotated by a motor means (13) and is realized by a lever (23) of which one first end is integral with the hub (14) and a second end (22) is spherical and slides without play in a radial slot of a rotating finger (21) of the same axis of rotation (5) as the rotor (4) and driven rotated by the S motor (13).

6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the end of the lever (23) is driven by a plane guide plane perpendicular to the axis (5) of rotation of the rotor

(4) and integral with a part guided in translation 0 parallel to the axis (5) of rotation of the rotor (4) and driven by a motor means.

7. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the hub (14) comprises a safety hinge provided with an elastic means (30) 5 maintaining the blade (6) in erected position (29). ) against an angular abutment (31) and allowing the blade (6) to fold downstream by pivoting about the axis (27) of the hinge in the event of an obstacle collision with this blade (6). ).

8. Device according to one of claims 2 to 7, 0 characterized in that the primary mechanism (101) is provided with a force limiter or torque (18) cooperating with means for restoring its initial geometry.

9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the secondary mechanism (102) is provided with a force limiter or torque cooperating with means for restoring its initial geometry.

10. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a removable support relative to the fin (1) providing the connection 0 between the fin (1) and the pivot axis (10). the flap (3) and in that the connection of the removable support to the fin (1) is provided by a fast fastening and detaching device comprising a positioning means and a pressure securing means. 11. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that a first portion of the removable support (68) comprises elements of the fast fastening and detaching device and constitutes a subset. attached to the second part of the support (68), to which it is secured by an assembly means, the first part thus forming an adapter to a particular model of the fin (1).