WO2006100483A2 - Stabilisation d'une biomasse impregnee de fer pendant le stockage - Google Patents

Stabilisation d'une biomasse impregnee de fer pendant le stockage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006100483A2
WO2006100483A2 PCT/GB2006/001056 GB2006001056W WO2006100483A2 WO 2006100483 A2 WO2006100483 A2 WO 2006100483A2 GB 2006001056 W GB2006001056 W GB 2006001056W WO 2006100483 A2 WO2006100483 A2 WO 2006100483A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acid
biomass
iron
storage
straw
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2006/001056
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2006100483A3 (fr
Inventor
Geoffrey Michael Whiteley
Original Assignee
Geoffrey Michael Whiteley
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Geoffrey Michael Whiteley filed Critical Geoffrey Michael Whiteley
Priority to GB0718266A priority Critical patent/GB2441234A/en
Publication of WO2006100483A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006100483A2/fr
Publication of WO2006100483A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006100483A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
    • A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C05F9/04—Biological compost
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/52—Mulches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of stabilisation of biomass, particularly but not exclusively to facilitate storage.
  • the invention also relates to biomass stabilised in accordance with this method.
  • WO9821292 describes a method of for treating crop and other plant biomass products with sesquioxide mineral-forming constituents to form protective coatings and to alter the bulk physical and chemical properties of the treated material.
  • the addition of an aqueous solution of soluble iron increases microbial stability and retention of structure in composted plant material to yield a fibrous particulate physical form. This is important to the quality, including colour and appearance, of iron-impregnated biomass for use in composts and as a soil improver or mulch.
  • Example 1 of WO9821292 described the formation of a horticultural mulch from chopped and milled wheat straw by means of a spray treatment to apply iron salts and mineral nitrogen, followed by a resting period of up to 48 hours, after which the water content is raised to 52%. This was followed by an outdoor storage period, for example in black silage bags, at an elevated water content of 52% w/w for a period of between two weeks to three months duration.
  • the outdoor storage period allowed time for a degree of microbial activity to take place in an open aerated stockpile to avoid the tendency for excessive heating and composting to take place.
  • the product was found to be safe to pack without a risk of composting or deterioration which might otherwise be encouraged by internal heat generation in an enclosed bag stacked on a wrapped pallet or in the centre a of larger stockpile.
  • iron-impregnation treatment has been used as a mulch colourant and stabiliser to add value over and above basic crop straw mulching materials.
  • Stabilisation is thought to be attributable to a number of mechanisms including: physical protection of the biomass through the formation of iron hydroxide coatings, binding of iron to active binding sites on biomass polymers such as lignin and cellulose - rendering these components more resistant to hydrolytic enzymes of microbial origin, mild acidification of the biomass through the oxidation of ferrous sulphate in water, iron-induced immobilisation of phosphate tending to produce phosphorus-limited rates of microbial biomass growth - reducing the rate of microbial nitrogen immobilisation.
  • the persistence of surface mulching layers might also be influenced by a reduced palatability to earthworms associated with the altered properties of the biomass. Trial results underline horticultural potential of 'mineralised' straw (2000). Chronica Horticulturae 40 (3): 3-4. (Magazine of the International Society for Horticultural Science.)
  • a method of making an iron impregnated biomass comprises the steps of: adding or removing water to a quantity of biomass to provide a predetermined water content; adding an iron composition comprising a solution of a ferrous or ferric salt to the biomass to provide a concentration of 0.4 to 0.8g of soluble iron per lOOg of biomass by weight; and adding an effective amount of an anti-fungal agent to the biomass; wherein the anti-fungal agent is selected from the group consisting of: formic acid (methanoic acid), acetic acid (ethanoic acid), carboxyethane (propionic acid), butyric acid (n-butanoic acid), valeric acid (n-pentanoic acid), caproic acid (n-hexanoic acid), enanthoic acid (n-heptanoic acid), caprylic acid (n-octanoic acid), alpha-ethylcaproic acid (2-ethylhexanoic acid), valpro
  • This earlier patent also described a modified composted material obtainable by the said method, and a plant growth medium comprising the modified composted material in admixture with a low nutrient bulking agent.
  • Phosphoric acid is not a suitable acidifying agent where iron is present because it will immobilise soluble iron species in preference to their binding to biomass and result in visible bleaching and reduced colour development.
  • Nitric acid may be useful, but only as part of an optional or supplementary acidification of the biomass as described. Where mulches are made from wheat straw that has been grown to organic standards addition of nitric acid is appropriate. Nitrogen applications are not recommended where stability in storage is intended since the nitrogen addition might stimulate microbial activity.
  • Anaerobic bacteria ferment water soluble carbon with varying degrees of efficiency to end products consisting of acetic acid, lactic acid, ethanol and carbon dioxide. This acid production causes a decline in pH thus preserving the silage. Lactic acid bacteria may additionally produce inhibitory bacteriocins and other antimicrobial substances during silage production. (Hartnett DJ, Vaughan A, van Sinderen D (2002) Antimicrobial- producing lactic acid bacteria isolated from raw barley and sorghum. Journal of The Institute of Brewing 108 (2): 169-177).
  • the stabilised biomass products referred to in this current patent are not ensiled materials (which depend for their preservation on relatively anaerobic conditions for the acidic by-products to persist).
  • the present invention relates to aerated materials of generally lower moisture content where the access to gas exchange in perforated bags or an open stockpile and the generally lower moisture contents would not be conducive to such ensilage fermentation reactions. Furthermore, the typically low pH of ensiled biomass (pH 3 to 4) would be unsuitable for use as garden mulch (pH 6 to 6.5).
  • fungistatic and fungicidal action of fatty acids, carboxylic acids and related compounds are well known (Wyss O, Ludwig BJ, Joiner RR (1945).
  • a combined iron impregnation treatment and antimicrobial additives applied to biomass in combination with close control of water content during mixing and packing can produce mulches, growing media and their intermediate products that will not deteriorate during storage.
  • a benefit of this combination of an iron impregnation treatment and supplementary preservative is that it enables products to be manufactured to a more consistent quality and distributed to end users or customers for later use without the risk of spoilage by heating and mould growth during storage and transport.
  • the process of this invention may make it possible to store the processed biomass in bulk or in enclosed plastic bags with an extended shelf life of up to twelve months without the quality deteriorating below that required for the intended use as mulch, soil conditioner or growing media constituent.
  • a garden mulch by a factory manufacturing process that is able to convert a raw material feedstock, for example fresh wheat straw, into a finished product that may be packed into bags and stacked on pallets ready for distribution on the same day.
  • the mixing may be performed as either a single pass continuous or batch process, in both cases without the need for an extended period for storage of intermediates.
  • biomass materials which may be used include: crop biomass straws, for example, wheat straw, barley straw, oat straw, rye straw, rape straw, pea straw, Lucerne, rice straw, flax, maize, miscanthus, sorghum and the like; raw and composted forest products, for example, wood, woodchips, wood flakes, sawdust, bark, composted wood and bark products and the like; forest leaf litter such as leaf and pine needle materials and the like; green wastes and other plant derived composts, mixed wastes, for example, garden and other green waste materials either before or after mechanical processing, composting or grading; processing wastes, for example, particulate and pulped wastes from food processing, sugar cane bagasse, residuals after extraction of oils, fibres and other non-food products for crops; blended composites, for example prepared mulches, growing media, mushroom composts
  • animal bedding waste containing crop biomass straws or raw and composted forest products may also be used.
  • the biomass material may be brought to a required particle size for example by chopping for the end product, dependant on the material and the intended end use. Mulches are manufactured to a larger mean particle size or maximum chop length than constituents of plant growing media. This may require mechanical processing, such as chopping or milling in the case of crop straws. In other cases the biomass material may already be a process waste that does not require further milling or pulverisation. This initial biomass preparation stage may also require mechanical separation, for example dust, seed removal, removal of other fines or of a coarse fraction for discard by screening.
  • a water content of 45 to 55 % w/w may be used for growing media constituents designed to be stockpiled for blending into compost mixes.
  • the iron composition is preferably ferrous sulphate in an amount of 0.4 to 0.8g per lOOg of biomass by dry weight, equivalent to 4 to 8kg per tonne of biomass.
  • Ferric sulphate or other iron containing compositions may be used. A larger amount may be applied where the iron is incompletely soluble or only partially in particulate or crystallised form.
  • propionic acid or other carboxylic acid may be used to dissolve or partially dissolve a waste iron source such as scrap iron or iron hydroxide sludge.
  • the resulting ferric propionate or other carboxylate can then form part or all of the iron added to the biomass. In this way the electrical conductivity of the finished product can be reduced by using less sulphate or other inorganic salt or salts.
  • Ferric sulphate is less soluble than ferrous sulphate and adds proportionately more sulphate to the finished product. Ferric sulphate can enhance colour development with some biomass materials. The amount used can be reduced proportionately when additional sources of iron are used. Ferric chloride may be used but is not preferred due to its corrosive nature.
  • Water soluble sesquioxide from a mineral species of iron and aluminium can be used as a partial or complete replacement for the ferrous or ferric salt.
  • Suitable materials include waste from bauxite residue following aluminium extraction or soil materials with a high extractable iron content.
  • Iron hydroxide sludge may be used in an amount of 50 to 750kg of wet dewatered sludge (10 to 25% solids content) per tonne of biomass.
  • a suitable sludge may be obtained from pumped ground water or from treatment of acid mine waste water. These materials can be applied in raw or treated form. Raw applications include slurries and dried powders of the product which may be physically mixed with the biomass. When the fraction of added total iron which is soluble and hence reactive with the biomass is low, the overall amount of iron is increased proportionately to give the required amount of soluble iron. Waste materials can be used to offset their disposal costs and also to add colour to mulches and to modify the water retention and wetting properties of growth media. Tannin may be added to assist in coagulation and binding of the iron hydroxide sludge to the biomass fragment surfaces.
  • Ferric propionate and related organic salt solutions including ferric citrate and ferric acetate may be used.
  • the ferric salt may be obtained by reaction of the metallic iron waste or iron hydroxide. This has the advantage of neutralising potentially corrosive organic acids and avoids the need for corrosive acid compatable manufacturing plant. In addition sulphate or other anions are not required.
  • the use of ferric propionate or an alternative ferric carboxylate has the advantage of combining preservation and stabilisation.
  • Ferric nitrate may be used where low electrical conductivity and neutral balance are important. Full or partial substitution of sulphate with nitrate salts provides a useful plant nutrient and replacement for an unwanted anion that would otherwise add to salinity. However, nitrate may not be used in circumstances where microbial activity may be a problem because it may stimulate mould growth and spoilage in storage of materials that would remain stable in the absence of added available nitrogen.
  • Propionate or other carboxylate salts may be used, for example, sodium, calcium or ammonium salts. Use of calcium or sodium salts may have an advantage of supplying nutrients to the composition. Ammonium salts can be used to supply nitrogen.
  • Proprietary carboxylic acid formulations may be used, for example Sentinel-80 (Pathway Intermediates Ltd).
  • Iron may be applied in the form of ferrous sulphate (or other salt or derivative as described above) with a combined application rate of iron preferably of between 1 kg of Fe per tonne of dry weight equivalent biomass and 25 kg of Fe per tonne of dry weight equivalent biomass. Where a waste iron material is used and additional insoluble or un-reactive iron is added. A proportional amount of iron is used to achieve the same level of soluble iron. Iron can be applied in solution or only or partially in particulate or crystalline form. Propionic acid (or a alternative organic acid preservative) is used to dissolve (or partially dissolve) a waste iron source such as scrap iron or iron hydroxide sludge. The resultant ferric propionate, or other organic acid salts can then form all or part of the added iron for biomass treatment. This variation can be used to reduce the electrical conductivity of the finished product by reducing the amount of sulphate or other inorganic iron salt applied.
  • octanoic acid also known as caprylic acid
  • decanoic acid also known as caprylic acid
  • propionic acid or a suitable combination of alternative antifungal agents from in Table 3 at an application rate appropriate for the type of biomass and water content.
  • Optimal application rates vary with the specific formulation, biomass product and the need to minimise detrimental affects on plant growth when the product is used but are likely to lie between 0.1 kg per tonne of biomass and 10 kg per tonne of biomass.
  • Optional heat treatment may be used to reduce seed viability.
  • mimosa bark tannin or alternative natural product and synthetic tannins to enhance colour development and contribute to preservation.
  • Ferrous sulphate solution was applied to chopped crop straw on the farm at an application rate of between 4 and 8 kg of Fe per tonne of straw and a total application of water of between 50% w/w/ and 60% w/w.
  • Propionic acid was added at an application rate of 7.5 litres per tonne of straw.
  • the water and ferrous sulphate solution were either applied as a single dilute solution spray application or, alternatively, a more concentrated application of ferrous sulphate was followed by a drenching of the treated biomass with water.
  • chopped straw from the combine taken during or after the harvesting of a field crop was spray treated with a concentrated 30% solution of ferrous sulphate and containing the propionic acid using a conventional crop sprayer to give the required total Fe addition of 6 kg of Fe per Tonne of straw and 7.5 litres of propionic acid per tonne of straw.
  • the sprayed crop straw was left on the soil surface or windrowed into elongated heaps.
  • the spayed straw was then drenched with a single or multiple passes from a water tanker with a drip line to bring the crop straw up to the 50% w/w to 60%w/w water content.
  • the treated biomass was then incorporated into the soil by cultivations or spread and left on the surface as a mulching layer.
  • the deposition of the treated biomass as a surface layer on the soil surface or shallow windrows is important because there will be insufficient volume for heating to develop.
  • further measures described above for enhanced stabilisation can be avoided by this means of storing the treated product.
  • Treatment of the straw by this iron stabilisation process renders the material more resistant to decay in the field environment resulting in longer residence times for carbon fixed into the crop straw biomass.
  • the net increase in stabilised carbon residence in the agricultural system will include any net increase in retention of the biomass in a mulching layer plus any net increase in residual retention of iron stabilised fragments of crop straw and iron stabilised decomposition products remaining in the soil over subsequent years.
  • the straw treatment process can be repeated regularly over successive years of wheat cultivation leading to a further net accumulation of stored soil carbon above that found if the same farming system was practised without iron treatment.
  • Advantages to the farming system include greater retention of mulches to protect the soil surface, longer term increases in the soil organic matter content and crop yield increases resulting from greater surface protection and improved soil structure. Any verifiable increase in net carbon storage in the system may be eligible for subsidy or rental payment for the rental value of the increased storage of carbon in the agricultural system. Depending on the current discounted rental value per year of the verified net increase in sequestered carbon (or farm incentive payment available), sequestered carbon income may be used to offset a proportion of the application costs.
  • EXAMPLE 2 Horticultural garden mulch prepared from wheat straw Fresh organically grown wheat straw at 16 % w/w water content was taken directly from bales, chopped to a maximum chop length of 30 mm and passed through a hammer mill. Dust was removed using a cyclone chamber.
  • the materials are mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes to give a uniform mixture of water and treatment chemicals.
  • the finished product is turned out directly into 8.5kg or 12.75kg bags for storage and distribution on pallets.
  • Examples 3 through to 6 below were prepared according to the same protocol as Example 1 above but with the end products destined for stockpiling prior to incorporation in compost mixes for plant growing media.
  • This Example illustrates field treatment of crop residues of wheat cultivation in a conservation tillage management where the crop residues are left on the soil surface for erosion protection, water retention over the summer period and to protect the emerging wheat crop after planting.
  • Chopped wheat straw leaving the combine during harvesting of a field crop was spray treated with a concentrated 30% solution of ferrous sulphate and propionic acid using a conventional crop sprayer mounted behind the straw chopper assembly on the combine.
  • the spray bar application rate was adjusted to give the required total Fe addition of 6 kg of Fe per Tonne of straw and 7.5 litres of propionic acid per Tonne of straw.
  • the sprayed crop straw was windrowed into elongated heaps.
  • the spayed straw was then drenched with a single pass from a water tanker with a drip line to bring the crop straw up to the 50% w/w to 60%w/w water content. After 1 hour the treated straw windrows was spread and left on the surface of the field as a mulching layer.
  • the recorded yield of straw for the harvest is estimated to be 1.80 Tonnes per hectare requiring the addition of 54 kg of Ferrous sulphate heptahydrate made up into a 30% solution, followed by drenching of treated windrows with water from a drip bar mounted behind a tanker regulated to deliver 2 cubic meters of water per hectare.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé amélioré destiné à inhiber le développement de diverses levures et moisissures ainsi que le réchauffement, en cours de stockage, d'une biomasse imprégnée de fer, et consistant à réaliser une application supplémentaire de combinaisons appropriées de conservateurs acides organiques fongistatiques et fongicides ainsi que d'autres mesures préventives en combinaison avec l'imprégnation de la biomasse de fer. Selon le procédé amélioré de l'invention, une opération d'imprégnation de fer ainsi que des inhibiteurs additionnels de l'activité microbienne sont utilisés en combinaison avec une régulation précise de la teneur en eau en vue d'une réduction du développement de moisissures, du réchauffement et du compostage associé de la biomasse traitée en cours de stockage. Ce procédé amélioré a été mis au point afin d'augmenter la valeur commerciale et l'attrait commercial de produits constitués d'une biomasse imprégnée de fer grâce à une meilleure stabilité et une meilleure consistance des produits en cours de stockage. Ledit procédé permet de stocker une biomasse traitée pendant une durée pouvant atteindre 12 mois sans détérioration. En outre, il permet avantageusement de supprimer la nécessité antérieure de recourir à une période de stockage intermédiaire avant le conditionnement, ce qui permet la mise en oeuvre de ce nouveau procédé sous la forme d'un procédé de production continu ou discontinu. L'imprégnation de fer du procédé de traitement de biomasse peut également être destinée au traitement à la ferme d'une biomasse de cultures avant une incorporation dans des sols agricoles ou un épandage sous forme de paillis sur des terres agricoles en vue d'une augmentation du stockage de carbone dans les écosystèmes agricoles, et permet d'augmenter la séquestration du dioxyde de carbone atmosphérique.
PCT/GB2006/001056 2005-03-22 2006-03-22 Stabilisation d'une biomasse impregnee de fer pendant le stockage WO2006100483A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0718266A GB2441234A (en) 2005-03-22 2006-03-22 Stabilisation of iron-impregnated biomass in storage

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0505836A GB0505836D0 (en) 2005-03-22 2005-03-22 Stabilisation of iron-impregnated biomass in storage
GB0505836.7 2005-03-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006100483A2 true WO2006100483A2 (fr) 2006-09-28
WO2006100483A3 WO2006100483A3 (fr) 2006-11-16

Family

ID=34531651

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2006/001056 WO2006100483A2 (fr) 2005-03-22 2006-03-22 Stabilisation d'une biomasse impregnee de fer pendant le stockage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (2) GB0505836D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006100483A2 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2005729C2 (en) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-22 Agriculture Res & Dev B V Mushroom compost as mulch.
CN103039244A (zh) * 2013-01-04 2013-04-17 江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所 一种稻草全还条件下稻茬油菜半机械化移栽方法
CN103314741A (zh) * 2013-05-28 2013-09-25 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所 一种油菜秆混合配料生物转化香菇的方法
WO2014037719A1 (fr) 2012-09-04 2014-03-13 Ingwermat Limited Formulations de fer biodisponibles et pesticides
CN104844381A (zh) * 2015-06-05 2015-08-19 孙雨桢 一种适于甘蔗生长的有机复合肥料
CN104892144A (zh) * 2015-05-22 2015-09-09 柳州师范高等专科学校 糖料作物专用生物有机肥及其制备方法
CN104919990A (zh) * 2015-06-08 2015-09-23 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 一种用于防止黄麻霉变的处理方法
CN116969601A (zh) * 2023-08-01 2023-10-31 上海师范大学 一种农田尾水循环固碳方法和装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2233002A1 (en) * 1973-06-15 1975-01-10 Sarap Cedia Preservatives for silage, contg. calcium or sodium formate - and opt. other salts, and trace elements
EP1116434A1 (fr) * 2000-01-11 2001-07-18 Albert W. Morgan Paillasson biodégradable
US6293045B1 (en) * 1998-01-05 2001-09-25 Albert W. Morgan Biodegradable mulch mat
US20050039508A1 (en) * 2003-05-27 2005-02-24 Burnham Jeffrey C. Organic recycling with metal addition

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11299432A (ja) * 1998-04-27 1999-11-02 Sakai Chem Ind Co Ltd 抗菌用飼料添加剤及び抗菌方法
CN100337556C (zh) * 2001-05-16 2007-09-19 杨栓明 动物营养素

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2233002A1 (en) * 1973-06-15 1975-01-10 Sarap Cedia Preservatives for silage, contg. calcium or sodium formate - and opt. other salts, and trace elements
US6293045B1 (en) * 1998-01-05 2001-09-25 Albert W. Morgan Biodegradable mulch mat
EP1116434A1 (fr) * 2000-01-11 2001-07-18 Albert W. Morgan Paillasson biodégradable
US20050039508A1 (en) * 2003-05-27 2005-02-24 Burnham Jeffrey C. Organic recycling with metal addition

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section Ch, Week 200003 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class D13, AN 2000-031373 XP002371202 & JP 11 299432 A (SAKAI KAGAKU KOGYO KK) 2 November 1999 (1999-11-02) *
DATABASE WPI Section Ch, Week 200219 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class D13, AN 2002-140692 XP002371203 & CN 1 322 484 A (YANG S) 21 November 2001 (2001-11-21) *

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2005729C2 (en) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-22 Agriculture Res & Dev B V Mushroom compost as mulch.
EP2455357A1 (fr) 2010-11-19 2012-05-23 Agriculture Research & Development B.V. Compost de champignons en tant que paillis
WO2014037719A1 (fr) 2012-09-04 2014-03-13 Ingwermat Limited Formulations de fer biodisponibles et pesticides
CN103039244A (zh) * 2013-01-04 2013-04-17 江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所 一种稻草全还条件下稻茬油菜半机械化移栽方法
CN103314741A (zh) * 2013-05-28 2013-09-25 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所 一种油菜秆混合配料生物转化香菇的方法
CN104892144A (zh) * 2015-05-22 2015-09-09 柳州师范高等专科学校 糖料作物专用生物有机肥及其制备方法
CN104892144B (zh) * 2015-05-22 2018-05-15 柳州师范高等专科学校 糖料作物专用生物有机肥及其制备方法
CN104844381A (zh) * 2015-06-05 2015-08-19 孙雨桢 一种适于甘蔗生长的有机复合肥料
CN104844381B (zh) * 2015-06-05 2018-04-10 孙雨桢 一种适于甘蔗生长的有机复合肥料
CN104919990A (zh) * 2015-06-08 2015-09-23 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 一种用于防止黄麻霉变的处理方法
CN116969601A (zh) * 2023-08-01 2023-10-31 上海师范大学 一种农田尾水循环固碳方法和装置
CN116969601B (zh) * 2023-08-01 2024-03-19 上海师范大学 一种农田尾水循环固碳方法和装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0505836D0 (en) 2005-04-27
GB2441234A (en) 2008-02-27
GB0718266D0 (en) 2007-10-31
WO2006100483A3 (fr) 2006-11-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2006100483A2 (fr) Stabilisation d'une biomasse impregnee de fer pendant le stockage
US6458747B1 (en) Slow acting fertilizer composition and method
RU2460314C2 (ru) Средство для силосования
KR101774548B1 (ko) 가축분뇨 혐기소화액을 이용한 병해 방제용 또는 비료용 산성액상 조성물의 제조방법 및 산성 액상 비료 조성물
US9439440B2 (en) Biofertilizers and bioherbicides
KR101830191B1 (ko) 축분을 이용한 유기질 비료 및 이의 제조방법.
KR101948484B1 (ko) 유기농재료를 배합한 친환경 고형비료제조방법 및 액체비료제조방법
JPH03191756A (ja) サイロ貯蔵物調製用組成物
CN104692970B (zh) 一种油菜专用生物活性有机肥及其应用
CN103992181B (zh) 一种生物有机肥料及其制备方法
KR20100024619A (ko) 유기양파 재배에 적합한 유기질 비료 및 그 제조방법
JPH0782069A (ja) 堆肥製造法
KR102014237B1 (ko) 낙엽을 이용한 퇴비의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 퇴비
JP3698416B2 (ja) 人工培土の製造方法
WO2006038002A1 (fr) Stabilisation de biomasse impregnee de fer en vue d'un stockage
EP0538326A1 (fr) Compost/engrais organique naturel et renouvelable
KR102430672B1 (ko) 토착 미생물을 활용한 비료 제조방법
KR20110119318A (ko) 토양의 개량 및 식물의 성장촉진을 위한 조성물
JP2006249397A (ja) 病む土壌を蘇らす善玉菌・ステビア入り有機ペレットの製法
PH12017501107B1 (en) Method for producing feed or pet food ingredient using crushed pineapple leaves and stalks and feed or pet food ingredient using crushed pineapple leaves ans stalks
WO2006109968A1 (fr) Compost parfaitement fermente et son procede de fabrication
KR20020039702A (ko) 불가사리에서 유래한 칼슘 제제 및 그의 제조방법
KR102408956B1 (ko) 귀뚜라미의 분변 및 이를 포함하는 토양개량재
WO2024110019A1 (fr) Substance fermentée contenant des particules de tiges de plantes à fleurs monocotylédones, et son procédé de production
KR101164939B1 (ko) Ｓｃｂ액비를 배지로 이용하여 배양된 유산균을 함유한 미생물 제제의 제조방 법

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 0718266

Country of ref document: GB

Kind code of ref document: A

Free format text: PCT FILING DATE = 20060322

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 718266

Country of ref document: GB

Ref document number: 0718266.0

Country of ref document: GB

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: RU

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Country of ref document: RU

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 06726478

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A2

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 6726478

Country of ref document: EP

ENPC Correction to former announcement of entry into national phase, pct application did not enter into the national phase

Ref country code: GB