WO2006070960A1 - Composite de recouvrement pour résistance au feu et absorption acoustique - Google Patents

Composite de recouvrement pour résistance au feu et absorption acoustique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006070960A1
WO2006070960A1 PCT/KR2004/003552 KR2004003552W WO2006070960A1 WO 2006070960 A1 WO2006070960 A1 WO 2006070960A1 KR 2004003552 W KR2004003552 W KR 2004003552W WO 2006070960 A1 WO2006070960 A1 WO 2006070960A1
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Prior art keywords
composition
weight
covering
absorbing
group
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PCT/KR2004/003552
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English (en)
Inventor
Suk-Ho Oh
Gi-Hong Ryoo
Seung-Hun Bae
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Kyung Dong Ceratech Co., Ltd.
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Priority to PCT/KR2004/003552 priority Critical patent/WO2006070960A1/fr
Publication of WO2006070960A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006070960A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
    • C09K21/14—Macromolecular materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/943—Building elements specially adapted therefor elongated
    • E04B1/944—Building elements specially adapted therefor elongated covered with fire-proofing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
    • C04B2111/00577—Coating or impregnation materials applied by spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
    • C04B2111/285—Intumescent materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a covering composition for fire resistance and sound absorption, and more particularly to a fire-resistant and sound- absorbing covering composition which contains gypsum, cement and a porous lightweight aggregate, and is either coated on the surface of a steel-frame structure in buildings in order to be able to prevent a reduction in the strength and yield strength of the steel frame caused by high-temperature heat in a fire, or coated on the wall or ceiling of buildings in order to be able to impart sound insulation.
  • the steel-frame structure is advantageous in that it makes construction easy and reduces labor.
  • the steel-frame structure is applied to large-sized, high-rise buildings as it is, there will be a risk of causing casualties in a building fire due to flames and poisonous gas from burning interior materials.
  • the strength and yield strength of the steel-frame structure will be reduced due to high-temperature heat so that the building will collapse under its own load. For these reasons, the surface of the steel-frame structure must be coated with fire-resistant material.
  • Fire-resistant covering materials can be classified according to their main components into inorganic covering materials based on perlite, vermiculite or rockwool, and organic covering materials based on expanded polystyrene. Methods of covering such fire-resistant materials can be classified into a method of disposing fire-resistant molded parts and a method of spray-covering aqueous paste (slurry) . Such fire- resistant covering materials have been greatly improved in terms of fire resistance performance. Particularly, there has been a technical development for the improvement of the heat resistance of the fire-resistant materials. Namely, the fire- resistant performance of the materials has been greatly improved by using materials having a heat absorption function at high temperature.
  • the materials having the heat absorption function at high temperature absorbs the surrounding heat during a fire while decomposing their own bonds (dehydrating bound water or generating carbon dioxide gas) and improve the fire resistance performance of the fire-resistant materials by preventing frames from being transmitted to steel frames.
  • the materials having the heat absorption function absorbs the surrounding heat while involving the dehydration of bound water or the conversion into carbon dioxide gas as well as a rapid reduction in their volume. This results in a decrease in the volume of the covering material, thus causing large cracks in the covering material and making the covering materials getting loose from a surface of steel frames, etc.
  • the covering material is detached during the fire such that the steel frames can be exposed to the fire, resulting in reductions in their strength and yield strength.
  • inorganic fibers were used to solve such problems, but among the organic fibers, rockwool or glass fiber is limited in use since it irritates the skin and even causes eruption.
  • the use of expanded perlite as an insulating aggregate can provide an excellent heat resistance property to the covering material since the expanded perlite has low heat conductivity and a minimum thermal change in volume.
  • the expanded perlite was difficult to be used in the fire-resistant and sound-absorbing covering material, since it causes a reduction in workability due to high water absorption, and cracking due to drying shrinkage.
  • Korean Patent Application No. 10-1999-0057383 discloses a covering material containing inorganic fibers (e.g., rockwool and glass fiber) which irradiate the skin and thus are harmful to the human body.
  • inorganic fibers e.g., rockwool and glass fiber
  • ettringite is produced by a hydration reaction between aluminum sulfate (Al 2 (SO 4 J 3 ) and quick lime so as to increase crystal water content, thus greatly improving heat resistance performance.
  • Al 2 (SO 4 J 3 ) aluminum sulfate
  • quick lime quick lime
  • a large amount of water is required for the hydration reaction in the initial step of mixing in construction works.
  • water needs to be added in excess. This excessive amount of water remains as free water after completion of the hydration reaction, and thus, can cause cracking by drying shrinkage.
  • sound-absorbing covering materials can be classified according to the type of construction into a matted-type covering material which is laid on the ceiling, wall and bottom of buildings, and a spray-type covering material which is spray-coated. Also, they can be classified according to the composition of materials into a porous, sound-absorbing material having an excellent sound absorption rate at the high-frequency region, and panel vibration-type and resonator-type sound-absorbing materials having an excellent sound absorption rate at the low-frequency region.
  • the spray-type sound-absorbing materials are prepared by mixing inorganic fibers, binders, tackifiers, mineral oil and other organic additives or by using vermiculite and vegetable fibers as main components.
  • inorganic fibers have the risk of generating dust so that care is required in handling.
  • the former sound-absorbing materials, after spraying require cumbersome operations, such as a hardening operation for obtaining sufficient strength. Disclosure of the Invention
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a fire- resistant and sound-absorbing composition which contains, in addition to cement and gypsum, calcium sulfoaluminate (hereinafter, referred to as "CSA compound") as a shrinkage-reducing material capable of reducing shrinkage caused by drying, so that crystal water content in the covering material is increased and cracking caused by drying shrinkage after construction works can be prevented, and which contains carbonizable sound-absorbing fibers so that, in a fire, microcracking in the composition can be induced to disperse stress caused by the shrinkage of binders or flame retardants so as to prevent the generation of large cracks and to prevent detachment of the covering material from steel frames, thus maximizing the safety of the steel frames against the fire, and also which can exhibit fire resistance and sound absorption performance at the minimum coating thickness.
  • CSA compound calcium sulfoaluminate
  • the present invention relates to a fire-resistant and sound-absorbing covering composition, which contains gypsum, cement and a porous lightweight aggregate, and is either coated on the surface of a steel-frame structure in buildings so as to prevent reductions in the strength and yield strength of the steel-frame structure during a fire, or coated on the wall or ceiling of buildings so as to impart sound insulation.
  • the fire-resistant and sound-absorbing covering composition according to the present invention comprises 3-50% by weight of a lightweight aggregate, 30-80% by weight of a binder, 2-30% by weight of a heat-absorbing and shrinkage-reducing material, 2-20% by weight of a general or flame-retardant carbonizable sound-absorbing fiber, and 0.1-30% by weight of additives.
  • the inventive covering composition is characterized by containing at least one selected from the CSA compound, quick lime and calcined alunite, as the heat-absorbing material for improving heat resistance and the shrinkage-reducing material capable of reducing shrinkage caused by drying.
  • the fire-resistant and sound-absorbing composition is characterized by containing at least one selected from the CSA compound, quick lime and calcined alunite, as the heat-absorbing material for improving heat resistance and the shrinkage-reducing material capable of reducing shrinkage caused by drying.
  • the greatest characteristic of the present invention is that the fire resistance performance of the covering composition is greatly improved by using the calcium sulfoaluminate compound (CSA compound) that acts as heat-absorbing material for improving heat resistance performance and at the same time, as the shrinkage- reducing material is susceptible to shrinkage caused by drying.
  • CSA compound calcium sulfoaluminate compound
  • the heat-absorbing and shrinkage-reducing material one selected from the CSA compound, quick lime, alunite and a mixture of two or more thereof can be used.
  • anhydrous calcium sulfate or calcium sulfate hemihydrate may additionally be used.
  • the CSA compound as the heat-absorbing and shrinkage-reducing material contains 4CaO 3AI2O 3 SO3 as a main mineral component, which can produce ettringite by a hydration reaction with quick lime (CaO) and calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ) and are expanded with the growth of crystals so as to reduce the drying shrinkage of a hardened material.
  • the hydration rate of the CSA compound is similar to gypsum and has a small difference from the hydration rate of cement. For this reason, water added in a mixing stage contributes to flowability in an initial stage and is used in the hydration reaction after a given time, so that the amount of free water within the hardened material will be decreased so as to reduce shrinkage caused by drying.
  • reaction scheme 1 The reaction of the CSA compound with CaO and CaSO 4 can be illustrated in the following reaction scheme 1 or 2: [Reaction scheme 1]
  • the hydration product is obtained as monosulfate.
  • the monosulfate has a hexagonal plate- like microstructure making the hydration product incompact, has no expandability and contains a small amount of crystal water, thus making it difficult to expect the prevention of drying shrinkage and the improvement of heat resistance, which are required in a fire-resistant covering material.
  • the production of ettringite must be induced by reacting sufficient amounts of CaO and CaSO 4 with each other.
  • the CaO and CaSO 4 required for the hydration reaction of the CSA compound can be obtained from either quick lime used as the heat-absorbing and shrinkage-reducing material, or cement or gypsum used as a binder.
  • the amount of CaO required for the hydration reaction of the CSA compound is 0-75% based on 100% by weight of the CSA compound when cement used as the binder is general Portland cement, and 55-125% by weight when cement containing fly ash or slag is used.
  • the CSA compound and quick lime as the heat- absorbing and shrinkage-reducing materials are used at an amount of less than 2% by weight based on the total weight of the inventive composition, it will be difficult to expect rapid hardening and expansion properties which allow the drying shrinkage of the main binder to be reduced.
  • they are used at an amount of more than 30% by weight, the heat resistance of the composition will be increased but raw material costs will be increased to reduce economic efficiency, and also the risk of cracking caused by early curing and abnormal expansion will occur.
  • the heat-absorbing and shrinkage-reducing materials are used at an amount of 2-30% by weight.
  • the fire-resistant and sound-absorbing covering composition according to the present invention comprises, in addition to the heat-absorbing and shrinkage-reducing materials, a lightweight aggregate, a binder, a general or flame-retardant carbonizable sound- absorbing material, and additives.
  • a lightweight aggregate has a size of 4-200 meshes and examples thereof include natural inorganic minerals, such as expanded or non-expanded perlite, pumice, vermiculite, or volcanic ash, an organic aggregate, such as ground expanded polystyrene or crushed expanded polystyrene, and hollow " spheres prepared by artificially forming pores in glass or mineral materials, as well as a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • the lightweight aggregate has a low specific gravity of 0.01-0.1 g/cc and thus acts a low load on buildings. Also, the lightweight aggregate has a very large number of small pores formed therein, so that it has a low thermal conductivity of 0.03-0.04 kcal/mh°C, and is very excellent in sound absorption, insulation and strength properties. Thus, the lightweight aggregate improves the fire resistance, insulation and sound absorption performance of the covering material. Particularly, the expanded perlite is excellent in heat resistance, insulation, and thermal volume stability, and thus, is more advantageous for use as a heat- resistant material as compared to the organic or inorganic aggregates. Also, the food additives are eco- friendly in that they are harmless to the human body and do not generate poisonous substances during a fire.
  • the lightweight aggregate When the lightweight aggregate is used at an amount of more than 50% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, there will be an advantageous in that the density and thermal conductivity of the sprayed covering material are lowered, but the adhesion and strength of the covering material will become poor. On the other hand, if the lightweight aggregate is used at an amount of less than 3% by weight, the adhesion and strength will become excellent, but the density and thermal conductivity of the sprayed covering material will be disadvantageously increased. For these reasons, the lightweight aggregate is preferably used at an amount of 3-50% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
  • gypsums which can be used as the binder in the present invention include calcium sulfate dihydrate, calcium sulfate hemihydrate, and gypsum plaster.
  • the binders are used at an amount of more than 80% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, the adhesion and strength of the covering material will become excellent, but the density and thermal conductivity will be increased to deteriorate the fire resistance performance of the covering material. Also, during a fire, stress in the covering composition will be great and locally concentrated, thus causing large cracks. On the other hand, if it is used at an amount of less than 30% by weight, the density and thermal conductivity of the covering material will be lowered whereas the adhesion and strength will become poor. For these reasons, the binders are preferably used at an amount of 30-80% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the general or flame-retardant carbonizable sound-absorbing fiber either at least one selected from pulp, carbon fiber, cotton yarn, polyethylene fiber, polystyrene fiber, and chemical pulp, or a mixture of at least one thereof with a flame retardant, is used.
  • the general or flame-retardant carbonizable sound- absorbing fiber eliminates the cause of large cracks and detachment occurring due to the shrinkage of the fire- resistant and sound-absorbing composition during a fire.
  • cobweb-like microcracks are formed in the covering material so as to disperse stress occurring in the covering material so that attachment of the covering material to the surface of steel frames is maintained as it is.
  • the carbonizable fiber prevents an increase in the temperature of the surface of the steel frames, which is caused by the penetration of heat into portions formed by large cracks and detachment.
  • the decomposition temperature of the carbonizable fiber is 350-450 0 C which is lower than other components but can be somewhat increased by the addition of flame retardants.
  • the general or flame-retardant carbonizable sound-absorbing fiber is used at an amount of less than 2% by weight based on the total weight of the inventive covering composition, it will be difficult to induce sufficient microcracking and to secure sound absorption performance. On the other hand, if it is used at an amount of more than 20% by weight, the strength of the covering material will be remarkably reduced. For theses reasons, the carbonizable fiber is preferably used at an amount of 2-20% by weight.
  • the sound-absorbing fiber preferably has a length of less than 30 mm, since, at a length of more than 30 mm, the covering material will not be suitably formed in construction works.
  • additives including a flame retardant, a radiant heat shielding material, a surface- active and plasticizing agent, a tackifier, a strength- reinforcing agent, a retarding agent, an antifungal agent, and a thermal expansion material, will be described.
  • Examples of the flame retardant which can be used in the present invention include limes such as slaked lime, calcium carbonate or dolomite, gypsum plaster, aluminum hydroxide, boric acid, borax, sodium sulfate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, montmorillonite, bentonite, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium silicate, antimony compounds, halides, phosphates and gas compounds, and a powdery or aggregate-shaped artificial flame retardant obtained by processing at least one of said flame retardants, and a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • cement, CSA compounds, quick lime, calcium sulfate dihydrate, calcium sulfate hemihydrate and the like may also be used.
  • the artificial flame retardant is used to improve heat absorption performance and generates bound water or carbon dioxide gas at high temperature so as to absorb external heat.
  • the flame retardant effectively acts to prevent a rapid increase in the temperature of the building surface during a fire by generating crystal water or carbon dioxide with the absorption of heat.
  • the flame retardant shows a heat shielding effect to the steel-frame structure together with other components so as to further improve the fire resistance performance of the covering composition.
  • the flame retardant acts to either reinforce the heat resistance of combustible components with relatively low heat resistance, such as pulp, or prevent oxidation reaction so as to improve the heat resistance of the covering composition.
  • the flame retardant is used at an amount of more than 10% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, the fire resistance performance will be improved, whereas the ratio of other components than the flame retardant will be decreased, thus causing the shrinkage, large linear cracks and detachment of the covering material.
  • the flame retardant is preferably used at an amount of less than 10% by weight, and more particularly 0.1-10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the radiant heat shielding material contributes to the heat resistance performance of the composition together with the flame retardant by shielding or dispersing radiant heat generated from the components of the fire-resistant covering material during a fire situation.
  • Radiant heat shielding materials which can be used in the present invention include powders made of a natural or synthetic material selected from iron oxide, titanium, mica, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, and a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • the radiant heat shielding material is used at an amount of 1-7% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the surface-active and plasticizing agent acts to improve the physical properties of slurry, such as dispersibility, bubbling, air entrainment and lubricity, during operations for spray-covering the fire-resistant and sound-absorbing composition.
  • Surface-active and plasticizing agents which can be used in the present invention include resinate, alkyl, olefin, ether, ester, sodium, benzene, lignin, melamine, naphthalene, aminosulfonic acid, polycarbonic acid, and polyether compounds, and a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • the surface-active and plasticizing agent is preferably used at an amount of less than 1.5% by weight based on the total weight of the covering composition.
  • the tackifier acts to improve the yield of construction works and to prevent insignificant cracks the surface of a coated layer upon drying.
  • Tackifiers which can be used in the present invention include carboxylmethylcellulose (CMC) , methylcellulose (MC) , polyethylene oxide, saccharides, and expandable clays such as bentonite or diatomaceous earth, and a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • CMC carboxylmethylcellulose
  • MC methylcellulose
  • the tackifier is preferably used at an amount of less than 5% by weight based on the total weight of the covering composition.
  • the strength-reinforcing material is intended to use in a place where the expression of specific strength is required.
  • Strength-reinforcing materials which can be used in the present invention include polyvinyl alcohol
  • PVAm polyvinyl acetate
  • PVAc polyvinyl acetate
  • EVA EVA
  • latex resin vinyl acetate resin
  • vinyl chloride acetate resin acrylic resin
  • polyurethane epoxy
  • phenol resin phenol resin
  • the strength-reinforcing material is preferably used at an amount of less than 2% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the retarding agent acts to ensure a sufficient working time.
  • Retarding agents which can be used in the present invention include animal proteins, saccharides and a mixture thereof.
  • the retarding agent is used at an amount of less than 2% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the antifungal agent is used for control and antifungal effects against molds or fungi, and examples thereof include phenol, organic tin, organic mercury, triadine, quaternary ammonia salt, halogenated sulfonylpyridine, captane, organic copper, organic nitrogen, iodine, silver, chloronaphthalene, dehydroabiethylamine, and pentachlorophenol, pentachlorolaurate compounds, and a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • the antifungal agent is preferably used at an amount of less than 1% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
  • Thermal expansion material acts to reduce stress caused by the thermal shrinkage of the covering material during a fire, thus preventing the cracking and detachment of the covering material.
  • Thermal expansion materials which can be used in the present invention include silica, magnesia, expandable non-expanded vermiculite, expandable non-expanded pumice, expandable non-expanded perlite, expandable non-expanded shale, expandable non-expanded clay, magnesium carbonate, sillimanite, kyanite, andalusite, bauxite, pyrophilite, dolomite, ferrous oxide, ferric oxide, triiron tetraoxide, illite, talc, orthoclase, agalmatolite, zirconia, silicon carbonate and a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • the thermal expansion material is preferably used at an amount of less than 30% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
  • Example 1 Evaluation of physical properties according to composition ratio between binders and aggregate
  • Perlite, crushed expanded polystyrene, cement and gypsum were mixed with each other in amounts set forth in Table 1 below.
  • 4% by weight of the CSA compound, 5% by weight of quick compound, 6% by weight of pulp, and suitable amounts of other additives were added, to which a suitable amount of water was added, thus preparing slurry.
  • the slurry was coated on the surface of H-shaped steel (300 x 300 x 10 x 20 mmt, 2000 mm length) .
  • the coating material was sprayed on the steel surface at a discharge rate of 2 m 3 /hr from a vertically positioned sprayer 30-cm away from the steel surface.
  • the prepared sample was left to stand for 4 weeks so as to be sufficiently cured.
  • the coated material (covered layer) was measured for thickness and density, and visually observed for sinking, detachment and cracking conditions .
  • a steel rod with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 50 mm was attached with a temperature sensor, and fixed to the middle of a cylindrical mold having a diameter of 150 mm. Then, the slurry was sprayed into the mold so as to coat the steel rod.
  • the prepared steel rod sample was cured for 4 weeks and then measured for a change in temperature with time in an electric furnace with heating at a rate of 15 °C/min.
  • a perlite content of less than 10% by weight showed a remarkable reduction in heat resistance
  • a perlite content of more than 55% by weight showed not only a difficulty in coating operations caused by excessive water and poor flowability, but also a poor adhesion property.
  • the workability and heat resistance of the composition were good at a lightweight aggregate content range of 3-15% by weight.
  • the CSA compound and quick lime were mixed with each other in amounts set forth in Table 2 below.
  • suitable amounts of other additives were added to which a suitable amount of water, thus preparing slurry.
  • the slurry was coated on the steel surface and cured for 4 weeks, in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the resulting sample was measured for a change in length, and heat resistance.
  • compositions containing more than 2% of each of the CSA compound and the quick lime showed a short curing time and had no cracks caused by drying shrinkage.
  • the heat resistance performance of the composition was increased with an increase in the addition amount of the CSA compound. This is believed to be attributable to heat absorption caused by the decomposition of ettringite crystal water.
  • the present invention provides the fire-resistant and sound-absorbing covering composition which contains suitable amounts of glysum, cement and the CSA compound and is excellent in workability and adhesion by curing.
  • the inventive composition can be prevented from cracking caused by drying shrinkage.
  • the general or flame- retardant carbonizable sound-absorbing material contained in the inventive composition induces microcracking which disperses stress caused by the shrinkage of the binder or the flame retardant, so as to prevent large cracks and the detachment of the composition from the steel frame surface, thus maximizing the safety of the steel frames against the fire.
  • the inventive composition can exhibit excellent fire resistance and sound absorption performance at a minimum coating thickness.

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  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un composite de recouvrement résistant au feu et absorbant acoustiquement contenant du gypse, du ciment et un agrégat léger poreux, soit enduit à la surface d’une structure en châssis d’acier dans une construction pour empêcher toute réduction de solidité et de résistance d’allongement de la structure en châssis d’acier provoquée par une haute température en cas d’incendie, soit enduit sur la paroi ou le plafond de la paroi pour procurer une isolation acoustique. La composition comprend de 3 à 50% en poids d’un agrégat léger, de 30 à 80% en poids d’un liant, de 2 à 30% en poids d’un matériau absorbant la chaleur et réducteur de rétrécissement, de 2 à 20% en poids d’une fibre générale ou d’une fibre absorbante acoustiquement carbonisable à retard de flamme, et de 0,1 à 30% en poids d’additifs. En particulier, la composition est caractérisée en ce qu’elle contient au moins un élément sélectionné parmi un composé de sulfoaluminate de calcium (composé CSA), de la chaux vive et de l'alunite calcinée, comme matériau d’absorption thermique pour améliorer la résistance thermique et matériau réducteur de rétrécissement capable de réduire le rétrécissement provoqué par séchage. Après enduction centrifuge, la composition ne présente pas de rétrécissement de séchage, de craquelure ou de détachement. En cas d’incendie, la composition retarde le transfert thermique vers les châssis d’acier et induit des micro craquelures dans la composition pour éviter des craquelures importantes dans la composition et le détachement de la composition.
PCT/KR2004/003552 2004-12-31 2004-12-31 Composite de recouvrement pour résistance au feu et absorption acoustique WO2006070960A1 (fr)

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